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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sexual and Physical Abuse'
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1
Quinn, Megan, H. Owens, and Elaine Loudermilk. "Effects of Physical and Sexual Abuse on Mental Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6804.
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Keefe, Carmen Kay. "Female Adolescent Runaways: Personality Patterns in Response to Physical or Sexual Abuse." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331388/.
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Personality patterns of sexually abused female adolescent runaways are compared to personality patterns of physically abused female adolescent runaways. Eighty-six female adolescents from 13 to 17 years of age completed a self report inventory to determine personality traits. To test the hypotheses of the study, a multivariate analysis of variance was conducted, followed with univariate tests to find differences on separate dependent measures. Results indicated that on the Jesness Inventory there may be a common personality pattern associated with abuse. Univariate tests yielded data which indicated that although there may be a general personality pattern for abused adolescents, there were significant differences between the physically and sexually abused adolescents on some personality variables. Results were evaluated taking into account the selective sample from which the population was drawn. Recommendations for future research included the use of projectives, a more comprehensive personality inventory, and selected demographics.
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Glass, Kimberly Lynn. "Parental attachment as a predictor of sexual, physical, and emotional abuse revictimization." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3007.
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Explores why revictimization occurs in women who were sexually abused as children. Examines variables such as nature and severity of childhood abuse, attachment, and self-esteem to identify predictors of repeated abuse. A correlational-regression approach was used to test the hypothesis that lower positive attachment to parental figures, mediated by low self-esteem, will be associated with revictimization in adulthood. Approximately 150 women (Age = 18 to 54; M = 27) from various communities across Southern California participated in the study. Results did not support the hypothesis. Though self-esteem was correlated with both attachment and revictimization individually, there was no mediational effect of self-esteem between parental attachment and revictimization.
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Boots, Sabine. "Comparing Women In Substance Abuse Treatment Who Report Sexual And/Or Physical Abuse With Women Who Do Not Report Abuse History." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9967.
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This descriptive study explored whether women in substance abuse treatment who report a history of sexual and/or physical abuse have different drug use profiles than women who do not report such abuse.
The data originated from a NIDA (National Institute on Drug Abuse) study designed to evaluate the effects of different treatment modalities in inpatient substance abuse treatment for women.
The study compared the drug profiles of women in four areas: drug of choice, frequency of use, problem severity, and level of psychological problems. The following groups were compared: 1) women who did not report abuse, 2) women who reported physical abuse only, 3) women who reported sexual abuse only, and 4) women who reported physical and sexual abuse.
The study did not find significant differences in either drug choice, problem severity, or frequency of drug use. In the area of psychological problems, the study did find a significant difference in interpersonal sensitivity between participants who reported a sexual abuse history vs. the other abuse groups. This finding suggests that women with a sexual abuse history are more mistrustful in their relationships with others, and this may suggest that group treatment will be more difficult for sexually abused women than individual treatment.
Overall, the findings may also suggest abused women do not need different drug or alcohol treatment approaches than non-abused women although it does not preclude attention to the effects of their abuse.Master of Science
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Rion, Jacqueline Nicole. "Child Sexual and Physical Abuse as Precursors for Homelessness in Adolescence." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/110.
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Introduction: Homelessness is a living condition associated with a number of adverse health outcomes. Unaccompanied homeless youth are at risk for many of the same health outcomes as other homeless persons, but these youth are especially vulnerable because they are young and without the protection or support of an adult caregiver. Aim: The purpose of this capstone project is to present a basic overview of the topic as well as to highlight what more needs to be done to address this issue. Methods: This project involved a review of the literature related to homeless youth, child sexual or physical abuse, and mental health issues associated abused and/or homeless youth, focusing on United States information, for the years 1995 to present. Discussion: to discuss current prevention and intervention efforts, and to discuss needs for future research and intervention
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Ki, Wing-yee Winnie. "Differences in schematic patterns of survivors of physical, sexual, and/or emotional abuse." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29760781.
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Ma, Yee-man Ellen, and 馬綺文. "Developmental trauma in Chinese children with repeated familial physical and sexual abuse." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45588521.
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Spoel, Martijn van der. "Identifying behavioral, psychological, physical, and spiritual signs or symptoms of children which suggest the possibility of sexual abuse its implications for the church based teacher /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Nooner, Kate Brody. "Latent class analysis of new self-report measures of physical and sexual abuse." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3258389.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed May 29, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-105).
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Andrews, Bernice. "An investigation of the psychological consequences of physical and sexual abuse in women." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.735549.
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Pratt, Jan. "Injured or abused children less than one year of age: are they the same sub-population?" Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16555/.
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Children less than one year of age are a vulnerable population. Injury, and child abuse and neglect (child maltreatment) are causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. The literature suggests that the family characteristics of both sub-populations are similar and they may be the same sub-population (Peterson and Brown 1994). Large scale studies have revealed that there are multiple risk markers that are predictive of child abuse and neglect (Browne 1995, Sidebotham et al. 2001, 2002). There is mixed evidence as to whether home visiting can have an impact on preventing injury and child abuse and neglect. This study aims to show that children who are injured and maltreated are the same sub-population. The study also examines the impact of child, family and societal risk markers on the likelihood of a child presenting for an injury or child maltreatment, and the effect of home visiting on the outcomes of injury and/or child maltreatment. This study is a retrospective cohort study using administrative data from three administrative data systems. The data from these systems were merged as part of a work project and de-identified. The de-identified data set contained data at an individual child level and formed the study sample. There were 11,821 children in the sample who lived within the Royal Children's Hospital Health Service District. Variables included demographic data, family characteristics, service contacts which included injury and Child Advocacy Service contacts (a proxy for child maltreatment). The main results of the study indicate there is a small cross-over of the sub-populations and these children are an extremely at-risk sub-population with a very high prevalence of risk markers. The research found that for children less than one year of age the 4.1% of the study sample presented for an injury contact and 1.1% of the study sample has a Child Advocacy Service (CAS) contact. There was 5.17% of the injury sub-population, compared to 0.93% of the non-injured population who had a CAS contact. Nineteen percent (19 %) of children who had a CAS contact also had an injury contact. The study also found that sole parents, mothers with an intellectual disability, and mothers who live in temporary/rental housing are predictors of injury and child maltreatment. Another finding is that an injury contact is a significant predictor of child maltreatment. A child who had an injury was 9 times more likely to attend for a CAS contact than a non-injured child (AOR 9.087 significant at 95% confidence interval (CI), (4.863-17.073). The introduction of home visiting into the model was examined and it was found that more than one home visit has the potential to reduce the likelihood of a child having child maltreatment contact if the mother is a sole parent, less than 20 years of age, abused as a child, lives in a family violence situation, has a mental health problem, is intellectual disabled or uses illicit substances. Whilst the results show a reduction, the impact clinically would be that home visiting as a single strategy will not prevent a CAS contact. The service implications of the study revealed that, there is a high usage of Department of Emergency Medicine (DEM) of Triage Category 4 and 5 clients. This presents an opportunity to look at alterative service model for these clients. Not all CAS clients were seen by the Primary Care Program, this also presents an opportunity to develop a pathway back to preventative health care services for this vulnerable group. The practice implications are that further research is required to identify the decision making process within DEM for injury presentation to identiy the indicators that DEM staff use to make a referral to the CAS. The identification of risk by Child Health Nurses requires further research to identify if the low occurrence of family risk variables in the study sample is a result of interview skills or data recording. The study has identified that there is a cross-over sub-population of injured and maltreated children. The research findings will provide information not previously available in the Australian context. At a service level the findings provide data to improve practice and service delivery.
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LeBaron, Carly D. "Childhood Physical and Sexual Abuse and Their Effects on Adult Romantic Relationship Quality: Gender Differences and Clinical Implications." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2189.
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This study examined the relationship between self-reported childhood physical and sexual abuse, relationship quality, possible gender differences, and clinical implications. Three hundred thirty eight women and 296 men who sought services at a university mental health clinic in the northeast region of the United States completed a 30-minute self-report assessment questionnaire before their first therapy session. Among the items in the questionnaire were measures of childhood physical abuse and sexual abuse, relationship stability, problems areas in the relationship, and other demographic information. Results from structural equation modeling indicated that childhood physical abuse influenced relationship quality for both men and women while childhood sexual abuse did not have a significant impact on relationship quality for either gender. The results of the study indicate that there may be more gender similarities than differences in experiences of childhood abuse and relationship quality than previous research suggests. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
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Wicomb, Lynne, and Lynne Foster. "Child abuse : patterns of physical and sexual child abuse presenting at Karl Bremer Hospital and the knowledge and perceptions of the Ravensmead Community on child abuse." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97239.
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Background
Child abuse is a serious and devastating problem rooted within our communities. According to the South African Police Services (SAPS) crime statistics of 2006 & 2007, the four most common crimes committed (and attempted) against children were rape, common assault, and assault with attempt to do grievous bodily harm. Because this problem has it's roots within our homes and communities it must be unpacked from a community level.
Aim and objectives:
This study aims to describe the patterns of child abuse in the Northern Suburbs of Cape Town and to gain insight into the knowledge and perceptions of the Ravensmead Community regarding child physical and sexual abuse.
Methods
This was done by exploring the knowledge and perceptions of the Ravensmead community on various aspects of child physical and sexual abuse including perceptions of victim and perpetrator profiles, responses to victims of child physical and sexual abuse, their knowledge of and access to avenues of help. The study also describes the patterns of child abuse in the Northern Suburbs of Cape Town as documented in the case record reviews of children presenting to the Karl Bremer Hospital at the Rape crises Centre.
In order to explore the knowledge of the Ravensmead community of child physical and sexual abuse, the researcher designed a structured questionnaire and conducted a door-to-door survey. A total of 279 respondents were obtained. Specific areas of enquiry included knowledge of definitions, perceptions of perpetrators, perceptions of predisposing circumstances and perception of avenues for help and where education programs should be aimed.
Patterns of Child physical and sexual abuse presenting at the Rape Crises Centre at Karl Bremer Hospital was determined by conducting a case record review. Information regarding victim and perpetrator profiles, injuries sustained and home circumstance as documented in these case records was described. An in-depth interview conducted at the Rape Crises centre with parents of child victims of physical and sexual abuse provided qualitative information relating to patterns and perceptions of child physical and sexual abuse. Data from these three methods was then triangulated.
Study design
The researcher has chosen to do a descriptive study using methodological triangulation. The aim of the research is to describe the patterns of child abuse (physical and sexual) and to gain further insight into the perceptions and knowledge of the Ravensmead Community regarding child sexual and physical abuse. This was undertaken using a descriptive study design. A combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was used to enhance the overall validity of the results.
Setting
Ravensmead is an impoverished community in the Northern Suburbs of the Western Cape. The high rate of crimes committed against children in this community is a reflection of the situation in the rest of the country. The Karl Bremer hospital Rape Crisis Center is the centre to which all cases of child sexual abuse and child physical abuse occurring in the northern suburbs of Cape Town presents. Staff is trained in offering the necessary medical, medico legal and psychological support to victims abuse.
Results
Only 15% of respondents to the questionnaire survey demonstrated a comprehensive understanding of what constitutes child abuse. Although respondents demonstrated understanding of some characteristics relating to victim and perpetrator profiles they failed to recognize certain circumstances that predisposes to child abuse. The In-depth interviews also found that most families of victims of child sexual abuse did suspect that the abuse could occur under the circumstance, which it did. The perception that children are sometimes to blame for the abuse is still held by some members of the community although they are in the minority. Few respondents were able to identify avenues for help other than the police station. However, the in-depth interviews demonstrates that several fears exist regarding reporting abuse to the police, reducing the practical accessibility of this service. The mean age of victims presenting to the Karl Bremer Hospital Rape Crises centre was 6.18yrs and 36% of cases presented was during the period from November to January. Absence of visible injuries could not exclude the diagnosis of sexual or physical abuse. Information relating to home circumstances and perpetrator profiles was lacking.
Conclusion
The research suggests that knowledge regarding child physical and sexual abuse in the Ravensmead community is lacking. Barriers exist to accessing avenues for help within the community. Greater community empowerment is required in order to effectively combat the problem of child physical and sexual abuse.
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Sanchez, Sixto E., Omar Pineda, Diana Z. Chaves, Qiu-Yue Zhong, Bizu Gelaye, Gregory E. Simon, Marta B. Rondón, and Michelle A. Williams. "Childhood physical and sexual abuse experiences associated with post-traumatic stress disorder among pregnant women." Elsevier B.V, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622334.
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El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado.Purpose We sought to evaluate the extent to which childhood physical and/or sexual abuse history is associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) during early pregnancy and to explore the extent to which the childhood abuse-PTSD association is mediated through, or modified by, adult experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). Methods In-person interviews collected information regarding history of childhood abuse and IPV from 2,928 women aged 18-49 years old prior to 16 weeks of gestation. PTSD was assessed using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version. Multivariate logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results Compared to women with no childhood abuse, the odds of PTSD were increased 4.31-fold for those who reported physical abuse only (95% CI, 2.18–8.49), 5.33-fold for sexual abuse only (95% CI, 2.38–11.98), and 8.03-fold for those who reported physical and sexual abuse (95% CI, 4.10–15.74). Mediation analysis showed 13% of the childhood abuse-PTSD association was mediated by IPV. Furthermore, high odds of PTSD were noted among women with histories of childhood abuse and IPV compared with women who were not exposed to either (OR = 20.20; 95% CI, 8.18–49.85). Conclusions Childhood abuse is associated with increased odds of PTSD during early pregnancy. The odds of PTSD were particularly elevated among women with a history of childhood abuse and IPV. Efforts should be made to prevent childhood abuse and mitigate its effects on women's mental health.
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Parisien, Lynne S. "Anxiety and coping of female counselling students : responses to sexual, physical abuse and role conflict." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28907.
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The focus of this study was an examination of the anxiety level and coping processes of female counselling students when confronted with a client who has either been sexually abused, physically abused, or who is experiencing role conflict. It was hypothesized that students who were exposed to a sexually abused client would demonstrate a significant increase in anxiety and poorer coping processes than the comparison groups. Coping processes were construed as coping thoughts (the relationship between negative and positive self-statements), and operationalized as the proportion of negative self-statements to total self-statements. It was further expected that there would be a moderate, positive correlation between anxiety and relative negative self-statement scores after viewing the client videos. Sixty female volunteer counselling psychology students (M age 35.8) at the University of British Columbia were randomly assigned to one of three experimental groups: exposure to a video presentation of a client who had either been sexually abused, physically abused, or was experiencing role conflict. Each student completed the State Form of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the thought-listing procedure before and after viewing the client. Data were analyzed by two repeated measures, 2-way (group x time) ANOVAs, with anxiety and relative negative self-statement scores as the dependent variables. A Pearson product-moment correlation was also conducted between these two variables at post-test. The ANOVAs revealed no significant differences between the three groups from pre- to post-video, and, unexpectedly, the relative negative self-statement scores decreased for all groups. A positive correlation but of low magnitude was found between anxiety and relative negative self-statement scores (r=.21, p<.05). Because of the unexpected results, and based on findings from the literature, post-hoc analysis was carried out A repeated measures ANOVA with positive self-statements as the dependent variable revealed a group x time interaction that approached significance, F(2,60)=2.20, p.<.12. Post-hoc Scheffe's tests (p<.05) indicated that the sexual abuse group increased these positive self-statements more than the comparison groups. Data were also examined from the perspective of Schwartz and Garamoni's (1986) States of Mind model. These findings coupled with data from the ancillary questionnaires suggested that students were functioning from a position of grandiosity with respect to their counselling ability with adult survivors of sexual abuse. There was also some indication that at least some students who had been sexually abused themselves were in a state of denial in relation to the effects of their own abuse.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
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Meinck, Franziska. "Physical, emotional and sexual child abuse victimisation in South Africa : findings from a prospective cohort study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:7ed29843-7f93-48ab-acb7-815886845b91.
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Background: Child abuse in South Africa is a significant public health concern with severe negative outcomes for children; however, little is known about risk and protective factors for child abuse victimisation. This thesis investigates prevalence rates, perpetrators, and locations as well as predictors of physical, emotional and sexual child abuse victimisation. It also examines the influence of potential mediating and moderating variables on the relationships between risk factors and child abuse. Methods: In the first study, a systematic review of correlates of physical, emotional and sexual child abuse victimisation in Africa was conducted. The review synthesised evidence from 23 quantitative studies and was used to inform the epidemiological study. For study two to four, anonymous self-report questionnaires were completed by children aged 10-17 (n=3515, 57% female) using random door-to-door sampling in rural and urban areas in two provinces in South Africa. Children were followed-up a year later (97% retention rate). Abuse was measured using internationally recognised scales. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regressions, and mediator and moderator analyses. Results: The first study, the systematic review, identified high prevalence rates of abuse across all African countries. It identified a number of correlates which were further examined using the study data from South Africa. The second study found lifetime prevalence of abuse to be 54.5% for physical abuse, 35.5% for emotional abuse, 14% for sexual harassment and 9% for contact sexual abuse. Past year prevalence of abuse was found to be 37.9% for physical abuse, 31.6% for emotional abuse, 12% for sexual harassment and 5.9% for contact sexual abuse. A large number of children experienced frequent (monthly or more regular) abuse victimisation with 16% for physical abuse, 22% for emotional abuse, 8.1% for sexual harassment and 2.8% for contact sexual abuse. Incidence for frequent abuse victimisation at follow-up was 12% for physical abuse, 10% for emotional abuse and 3% for contact sexual abuse. Perpetrators of physical and emotional abuse were mostly caregivers; perpetrators of sexual abuse were mostly girlfriends/boyfriends or other peers. The third study found a direct effect of baseline household AIDS-illness on physical and emotional abuse at follow-up. This relationship was mediated by poverty. Poverty and the ill-person’s disability fully mediated the relationship between household other chronic illnesses and physical and emotional abuse, therefore placing children in families with chronic illnesses and high levels of poverty and disability at higher risk of abuse. The fourth study found that contact sexual abuse in girls at follow-up was predicted by baseline school drop-out, physical assault in the community and prior sexual abuse victimisation. Peer social support acted as a protective factor. It also moderated the relationship between baseline physical assault in the community and sexual abuse at follow-up, lowering the risk for sexual abuse victimisation in girls who had been physically assaulted from 2.5/1000 to 1/1000. Conclusion: This thesis shows clear evidence of high levels of physical, emotional and sexual child abuse victimisation in South Africa. It also identified risk and protective factors for child abuse victimisation which can be used to inform evidence-based child abuse prevention interventions.
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Robinson, Kristine. "Internalized Shame as a Moderating Variable for Inhibited Sexual Difficulties in Adult Women Resulting From Childhood Sexual Abuse." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1318.pdf.
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Spaventa, Kathryn Z. "Why don't kids tell? Gender and the disclosure of abuse : rates and reasons of gender differences for nondisclosure of child sexual, emotional and physical abuse/." view abstract or download text of file, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/4316.
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Felton, Kathleen Ackley. "Repressive and dissociative coping styles as a function of conflict and terror experienced with childhood sexual and physical abuse." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ52319.pdf.
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Felton, Kathleen Ackley Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Repressive and dissociative coping styles as a function of conflict and terror experienced with childhood sexual and physical abuse." Ottawa, 2000.
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Firmin, Carlene Emma. "Peer on peer abuse : safeguarding implications of contextualising abuse between young people within social fields." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/565790.
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An existing body of research indicates that peer-on-peer abuse, involving the physical, sexual and/or emotional abuse of young people by their peers, is an issue of serious concern within the UK. Whilst a range of studies have explored the individual and familial vulnerabilities associated with this phenomenon, there is an increasing recognition of the need to also consider the relationship between young people‟s peer groups, and other pertinent social fields, to their experiences of such abuse. This thesis offers an original contribution to the field by explicitly seeking to develop this contextual approach. It applies an age-specific and gendered interpretation of Bourdieu‟s constructivist structuralism (and specifically the concepts of field, habitus and symbolic violence) to the analysis of nine cases where young people raped or murdered their peers. In doing so, it offers a unique, in-depth, exploration of the interaction between individuals and the social fields that they navigate, in the context of nine abusive incidents. This methodological approach demonstrates how harmful norms underpinning these incidents are informed by a multi-way interplay between various social fields and young people‟s reflexive engagement with this process. It is through this interplay that motives and power hierarchies are established, and gender, age, consent, culpability, vulnerability and ultimately safety, are socially constructed and experienced.
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Palo, Amanda. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTIONS OF RESPONSE TO DISCLOSURE AND LATER PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHYSICAL OUTCOMES AMONG INDIVIDUALS WITH A HISTORY OF CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/926.
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This study attempted to determine whether perceptions of reactions to disclosure are related to psychological and physical outcomes among individuals with a history of youth sexual abuse (YSA). It was expected that receiving more hurtful responses overall would be related to higher levels of internalizing, somatic, and PTSD symptoms. It was also predicted that perceptions of response to disclosure would predict psychological and physical outcomes beyond the influence of relevant abuse characteristics. Eighty-six female undergraduates recruited from a large Midwestern university completed a series of questionnaires assessing YSA, non-sexual trauma, depression, anxiety, PTSD, somatic symptoms, disclosure, and social reactions to disclosure. Results indicated that those who reported experiencing YSA had higher levels of psychological and physical symptoms than those who reported a non-sexual traumatic event. Also, those who reported receiving more hurtful responses to disclosure overall had higher levels of PTSD and internalizing and physical symptoms. However, this relationship was only true for survivors of YSA. In addition, response to disclosure predicted internalizing and physical symptoms beyond the influence of the duration of abuse, accounting for 23 percent of the variance. These findings suggest that many survivors of YSA may need psychological services, and that an important focus of treatment may be assessing and strengthening social support.
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Patrick, Rachel Lynn. "The Impact of Altered Self-Capacities on Revictimization in College Women." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1259708133.
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Barrios, Yasmin V., Bizu Gelaye, Qiu-Yue Zhong, Christina Nicolaidis, Marta B. Rondon, Pedro J. Garcia, and Pedro A. Mascaro Sanchez. "Association of Childhood Physical and Sexual Abuse with Intimate Partner Violence, Poor General Health and Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant Women." PLoS ONE, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/344059.
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This research was supported by an award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the
Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-
059835). The NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection, analysis and interpretation
of data; in the writing of the report; and in the decision to submit the paper for publication.
The authors wish to thank the dedicated staff members of Asociacion Civil Proyectos en
Salud (PROESA), Peru and Instituto Materno Perinatal, Peru for their expert technical assistance
with this research.Objective We examined associations of childhood physical and sexual abuse with risk of intimate partner violence (IPV). We also evaluated the extent to which childhood abuse was associated with self-reported general health status and symptoms of antepartum depression in a cohort of pregnant Peruvian women. Methods In-person interviews were conducted to collect information regarding history of childhood abuse and IPV from 1,521 women during early pregnancy. Antepartum depressive symptomatology was evaluated using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Multivariable logistic regression procedures were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results Any childhood abuse was associated with 2.2-fold increased odds of lifetime IPV (95%CI: 1.72–2.83). Compared with women who reported no childhood abuse, those who reported both, childhood physical and sexual abuse had a 7.14-fold lifetime risk of physical and sexual IPV (95%CI: 4.15–12.26). The odds of experiencing physical and sexual abuse by an intimate partner in the past year was 3.33-fold higher among women with a history of childhood physical and sexual abuse as compared to women who were not abused as children (95%CI 1.60–6.89). Childhood abuse was associated with higher odds of self-reported poor health status during early pregnancy (aOR = 1.32, 95%CI: 1.04–1.68) and with symptoms of antepartum depression (aOR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.58–2.71). Conclusion These data indicate that childhood sexual and physical abuse is associated with IPV, poor general health and depressive symptoms in early pregnancy. The high prevalence of childhood trauma and its enduring effects of on women’s health warrant concerted global health efforts in preventing violence.
: This research was supported by an award from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01-HD-059835). The NIH had no further role in study design; in the collection,
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Frazier, Monique R. "Physically and Sexually Violent Juvenile Offenders: A Comparative Study of Victimization History Variables." DigitalCommons@USU, 1998. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6137.
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The primary purpose of this study was to examine and compare physically and sexually violent juvenile offenders (PVJOs and SVJOs) to determine whether specific factors in their abuse histories, if present, tend to be associated with-the type of violent offense pattern they exhibit. The Youth Experiences and Behaviors Structured Interview (YEBSI)--an instrument which assesses for primary (victimization), secondary (witnessing), and perpetrated abuse of an emotional, physical, and sexual nature, by and/or toward family members, acquaintances, strangers, and animals--was developed by the primary researcher for use in this study. Thirty-six PVJOs and 30 SVJOs were interviewed. Results indicated that the YEBSI demonstrated high levels of internal consistency reliability and a very high level of interrater reliability. Various descriptive statistical, scale, and subscale correlations for the YEBSI were provided.
Very high percentages of both groups reported experiencing and witnessing all types of abuse. In all cases, a similar or larger percentage of SVJOs reported histories of primary and secondary abuse. SVJOs reported more severe levels of emotional abuse, similar severity levels of physical abuse, and less extremely severe levels of sexual abuse than did PVJOs. Family members and acquaintances (as compared to strangers) tended to be far more frequently reported as perpetrators by respondents. Composite primary and secondary abuse scores were moderately correlated with abuse perpetration scores for SVJOs and strongly correlated with abuse perpetration scores for PVJOs. For emotional, family, acquaintance, and stranger abuse, reported primary-secondary abuse scores were found to be most highly correlated with abuse perpetration scores of the same nature (e.g., emotional abuse history-witness scores best correlated with physical abuse perpetration scores and family abuse history-witness scores best correlated with perpetration scores against family members) Finally, the classification variables correctly predicted 75% of those in the physically violent group and 67% of those in the sexually violent group, with an overall "hit" rate of 71%. Examination of the discriminant function-variable correlations in this study indicates that it was primarily the emotional, family-perpetrated, and sexual abuse subscales that defined the function. Theoretical interpretations and implications for these results are provided.
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Dunivan, Michelle. "Social Learning of Attitudes toward Deception in Adult Survivors of Child Victimization." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/242394.
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Child maltreatment is extremely prevalent and leads to a host of negative effects, both immediately and long term. Instances of maltreatment are often accompanied by deception, both by the perpetrator, as well as by the victim in order to avoid stigma and protect family. Thus, this study investigated social learning of deception through instances of maltreatment. 413 young adults completed an online survey assessing current attitudes toward deception, childhood maltreatment including child sexual abuse, child physical abuse, witnessing interparental violence, psychological abuse, neglect and parental addiction, social support, and participant addiction. Results indicated that neglect and psychological abuse during childhood, and current addiction were associated with a positive attitude toward deception. Severity of CSA and severity of neglect each interacted with role (agent or target) in the deceptive scenario to determine attitude toward deception. Severity of CPA interacted with perceived social support to determine attitude toward deception. Furthermore, victim's awareness of deception by perpetrators of CSA was associated with a more negative attitude toward deception. These findings support both attachment theory and social learning explanations for adulthood attitude toward deception. Attachment theory explains why neglected and psychologically abused individuals find their own deception more acceptable and other's deception less acceptable than their non-neglected counterparts, and why the opposite pattern is true for victims of CSA; and social learning theory's emphasis on attention and reinforcement to motivate behavior are supported by these findings.
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Carlson, Susan Anne. "Unveiled rage and unspoken fear : a study of emotional physical and sexual abuse in the juvenilia and novels of Charlotte Brontë /." Connect to resource, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1227204511.
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Tracy, McClinton Appollis. "The benefits and harms of surveying adolescents about intimate partner violence and verbal, physical and sexual abuse by Tracy McClinton Appollis." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2794.
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Carlson, Susan Anne. "Unveiled rage and unspoken fear : a study of emotional physical and sexual abuse in the juvenilia and novels of Charlotte Brontë." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1227204511.
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Lawrence, Daysha Rai M. A. "Childhood Victimization and Adolescent Delinquency: An Application of Differential Association Theory." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1247840105.
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Klepper, Josie. "Examining the Relationship between Physical and Sexual Abuse and Mental Illnesses Among Female Inmates: Revising the Mental Health Care Process in Prisons." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/341.
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Females are becoming a prominent population within America’s correctional facilities, which has led to incarcerated females increasingly becoming the popular subjects of more recent research. Along with the growing population of female inmates, the rates of sexual and physical victimization reported by incarcerated females is rapidly growing. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the pre-established correlation between mental health diagnoses, and the prior physical and/or sexual abuse of female inmates within the custody of correctional institutions, outline the current treatment process, and devise a revision of the treatment process in order to improve the future of mental health care for incarcerated females. First, a brief description of the increasing female inmate population, their significant mental health care needs, and the lack of effective mental health care they are actually receiving, followed by the issues that this poses to rehabilitation and the community will be provided. Second, an examination of the commonality of childhood physical and/or sexual abuse among the female offenders that have been diagnosed with mental illnesses will be conducted. Next, a discussion of the most common mental health diagnoses of incarcerated women, what they are said to be caused by, and how they are being treated behind bars will be directed. Finally, a conclusion covering the established relationship between physical and sexual abuse and adult mental illnesses, the issues that the lack of adequate mental health care for incarcerated females poses, and what can be done to change and improve the future will be presented.
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Johansson, Agnes, and Zoraya Östholm. ""Det är aldrig acceptabelt att utöva våld mot en partner, om inte..."." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24952.
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Syftet med denna studie har varit att undersöka ungdomars attityder gällande fysiskt samt sexuellt våld i en känslomässig relation samt deras kännedom om samtyckeslagen och grov kvinnofridskränkning. För att kunna besvara syftet har enkäter delats ut på gymnasieskolor i Malmö vilka ungdomar i åldrarna 16 till 19 år har besvarat. Resultatet visar att det finns en generellt låg acceptans avseende fysiskt och sexuellt våld i en känslomässig relation, för både tjejer och killar. Däremot visar killar en någor högre acceptans än tjejer. Acceptansen för sexuellt våld visade sig även vara något högre i en icke definierad relation jämfört med en fast partnerrelation. Vidare visar resultatet att majoriteten av ungdomarna känner till samtyckeslagen. Däremot är kännedomen om grov kvinnofridskränkning och dess innebörd låg. Den här undersökningen är av explorativ ansats vilket påverkar resultatens generaliserbarhet. Om en mer djupgående forskning av ämnet utförts, hade det troligen genererat en mer beskrivande bild avseende acceptansen för våld i en känslomässig relation.The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes regarding physical and sexual dating violence and knowledge of two swedish laws: “samtyckeslagen” and “grov kvinnofridskränkning”, amongst Swedish adolescents in the ages of 16 to 19 years old. To be able to fulfill the purpose of this study, a survey was distributed to different high schools in Malmö which the adolescents at the schools answered. The results from our study show that adolescents have a low tolerance for dating violence, regarding physical and sexual abuse. Although boys showed a greater acceptance towards physical and sexual abuse than girls. The acceptance for using physical and sexual abuse was greater in a non defined relationship, than in a defined relationship. Most adolescents had some knowledge of “samtyckeslagen” but very few knew of “grov kvinnofridskränkning”. This study was of an explorative nature which effects how the results can be used. Our results have shown that more thorough studies regarding dating violence should be done. Which would generate a deeper understanding for attitudes and therefore acceptance towards dating violence.
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Probst, Danielle R. "Exploring Multi-Type Maltreatment in Childhood: A Focus on the Impact on Victimization and Functioning in College Women." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1304567594.
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Nguyen, Huong Thanh. "Child maltreatment in Vietnam : prevalence and associated mental and physical health problems." Queensland University of Technology, 2006. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16331/.
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Child maltreatment is not a new issue. It has existed in various forms in every society since the early days in history. However, it is only in the past four decades that abuse and neglect of children has attracted widespread interest among health professionals and the general public. There is now a large body of evidence that identifies four main maltreatment forms: physical, sexual, emotional maltreatment and neglect. Child maltreatment is a substantial public health problem, as it is associated with immediate and long-term health problems. Most research into child maltreatment has been conducted in English-speaking, developed countries. Although there has been a small but steady increase in the number of studies from less developed countries over the past decade, there remains a relative dearth of research in these populations, especially in Asia. Over the years, most research projects around the world tend to be focused on only one type of child maltreatment (usually either child sexual abuse or child physical maltreatment), and many studies do not examine risk factors in depth, or address the possible outcomes of various forms of maltreatment. Children have always held a very important place in the culture and traditions in Vietnam. In 1989, Vietnam was the first Asian country and the second country in the world to sign and ratify the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child. Since then Vietnam has adopted various measures to promote children's rights and particularly children's rights to be protected from abuse and exploitation. Despite strong political support for the rights of children, there is little formal research into child maltreatment. From the small amount of available evidence and media reports, it appears that children in Vietnam are vulnerable to maltreatment, just as they are all over the world. It is clear that information about the extent and health consequences of different forms of child maltreatment from scientifically sound studies is still far from sufficient. Thus, more research is essential to ensure effective and culturally appropriate responses to protect children from maltreatment. The primary aim of this research was to examine the nature and co-occurrence of four forms of child maltreatment including sexual, physical, emotional maltreatment and neglect among Vietnamese secondary and high school adolescents in both urban and rural settings, and determine the extent to which such adverse experiences impact on self-reported health risk behaviours and physical and mental health. A mixed methods design including qualitative interviews and focus group discussions, and a cross-sectional survey was employed in this study. Incorporation of qualitative inquiry added a cultural dimension on child maltreatment and informed to develop appropriate quantitative measures. Following 8 focus group discussions and 16 in-depth interviews as well as a pilot study of 299 adolescents in Vietnamese schools, a cross-sectional survey of 2,591 adolescents randomly selected from eight secondary and high schools in one urban district and one rural district was undertaken between 2004 and 2005. Data were collected by self-administered questionnaires in class rooms. Key information included demographics, family characteristics and environment, and four scales measuring sexual abuse, emotional and physical maltreatment and neglect as well as standard brief assessments of health related risk behaviours, mental and general physical health. The study clearly revealed that experiences of different forms and co-occurrence of child maltreatment among school adolescents were prevalent in Vietnam. The prevalence estimates of at least one type of physical and emotional maltreatment, neglect and sexual abuse were 47.5%, 39.5%, 29.3% and 19.7% respectively. A significant proportion of respondents (41.6%) was exposed to more than one form of child maltreatment, of which 14.5% and 6.3% experienced three or four maltreatment forms. Results from multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of child physical and emotional maltreatment and neglect among adolescents was not statistically different between urban and rural districts. However, children from rural schools were more likely to report unwanted sexual experiences than their counterparts in urban schools. There was no significant gender difference in reports of adverse sexual experiences. In contrast, girls were more likely to report emotional maltreatment and neglect whereas boys were more likely to experience physical maltreatment. Furthermore, family environment assessed by parental quarrelling, fighting, perceived quality of parental relationship and emotional support appeared to be the most consistent factors significantly predicting each form of child maltreatment. After controlling for a wide range of potential confounding factors, many significant correlates between each type of maltreatment, each level of maltreatment co-occurrence and each health risk behaviour were found. In general, the pattern of correlations between child maltreatment and health risk behaviours was similar for females and males. Emotional maltreatment significantly correlated with most behaviours examined. Physical maltreatment seems more likely to be associated with involvement in physical fights and being threatened. Sexual abuse was significantly related to smoking, drinking, being drunk, and involvement in fighting. Statistically significant associations between neglect and self-harm such as involvement in fighting, feeling sad and hopeless, suicidal thoughts and attempts were found. Clearly, co-occurrence of child maltreatment was significantly associated with almost all examined health risk behaviours and a dose-response relationship was observed in most of the dependent variables. Regarding continuous measures of mental and physical health, multivariate regression analyses revealed that presence of four types of child maltreatment explained a small but significant proportion of variance (from 5% to 9%), controlling for a wide range of background variables. Additionally, while each form of child maltreatment had independent effects on depression, anxiety problems, low self-esteem and poor physical health emotional maltreatment appeared to be the strongest influence on mental and physical health of both female and male adolescents. Analysis of variance also clearly suggested that exposure to increasing numbers of maltreatment forms significantly increased the risk of mental and physical health problems in a dose-response fashion. The present study extends a small body of previous research examining poly-victimization in developed nations to an Asian country. The data contribute new knowledge on cross-cultural child maltreatment problems. Considerable commonalities as well as some differences in the findings in Vietnam compared with earlier research were found. One important conclusion concerns the significant independent associations between various types of child maltreatment, as well as the cumulative effects of poly-victimization on a wide range of health risk behaviours, depression, anxiety, self-esteem, and general physical health. This pioneering research in Vietnam provides timely and substantial evidence that can be used to raise public awareness of the nature of child maltreatment and the harmful effects of not only sexual and physical abuse but also other forms of emotional maltreatment and neglect which have not received attention before. These results from a community-based sample have demonstrated the urgent need for prevention programs. The current study provides an impetus for more comprehensive research in this sensitive area in the near future so that culturally and politically relevant evidence-based responses to child maltreatment can be developed in Vietnam.
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Metcalf, Haley. "Correlates Between Childhood Trauma and Reproductive Health Behaviors Among Women in Appalachia." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3548.
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The lasting effects of childhood trauma into adulthood have been well corroborated by research from a variety of sources. Previous research has found a vast number of psychological, behavioral, and health related outcomes that are negatively affected by victimization in childhood. This piece strives to assess the correlates between childhood trauma and adult reproductive behavior and well-being for women living in Appalachia. The NCIPC has found that residents of Appalachia are at higher risks for both experiencing childhood traumas and poor health outcomes (2017). To create long-term positive reproductive health behaviors among Appalachian women, it is essential to examine how experiences with childhood trauma have affected these behaviors and how victims are likely to behave in adulthood in regards to their reproductive health. The results have implications for showcasing the unique difficulties experienced by women who were victims of childhood trauma which can impact the way healthcare providers and organizations can better assist the unique needs of this population.
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Vigil, Kathryn Irene. "The association between physical, sexual, and emotional abuse and physical pain a comparison of psychiatric patients in Ontario, Canada and Burlington, Vermont : a project based upon an investigation at the University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont /." Click here for text online. Smith College School for Social Work website, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10090/1021.
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Thesis (M.S.W.)--Smith College School for Social Work, Northampton, Mass., 2007Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Social Work. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-62).
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Brown, Bria L. N. "Assessing the role of childhood physical abuse at the hands of a caregiver in the development of sex addiction in adulthood." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1609876683589226.
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Cuellar, Raven Elizabeth. "Relationships of Multi-Type Childhood Abuse and Parental Bonding to Borderline Personality Traits in College Women." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375271697.
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Kaufman, Julia Simone. "Psychological Maltreatment Subtypes and Associated Long-Term Effects: A Person-Centered Approach." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1593026142867029.
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Corsea, Elin Anoshe, and Sinead Cassandra Sammy. "Barns rättigheter : En komparativrättslig studie om förståelse avvåld mot barn i hemmet i Sverige och Sydafrika." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Juridik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-41913.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate how South African and Swedish legislation as wellas case law regarding domestic violence and punishment against children is presented in bothlegal systems. Two methods are used as help to answer the two core questions in this thesis.The result of the study showed that the definitions of physical, psychological and sexual abusein both countries are listed as the same assaults and each country has an obligation to relocatechildren that have been exposed to those forms of violence. Many children in both countrieshave experienced some type of domestic violence during their childhood which makes theinstitutions whom work and have qualifications in questions regarding abused children toprotect them from all forms of violence and have to strive more in order to make a better livingfor the next generations forward. When it comes to decision making courts and authorities inboth countries have an obligation to always act in the child’s best interest which clearly appearsin both constitutions.
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Kobulsky, Julia. "PATHWAYS TO EARLY SUBSTANCE USE IN CHILD WELFARE-INVOLVED YOUTH." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459419413.
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Lewis, James E. "Childhood Abuse, Religiosity, and Opioid Use: Findings from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions Data." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3678.
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Religiosity is adopting a belief system surrounding concepts of purpose, meaning, and value through an institution that has already defined these concepts prior to the individual member attending and that member’s degree of participation. Religiosity does have protective factors against negative health outcomes. This protective influence was evaluated in this study. Data from Wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions were examined to learn about the relationship between protective effects of religious participation on substance abuse, and whether this association weakened for individuals who have experienced higher levels of childhood abuse. A binary logistic regression was completed to examine this relationship. Religiosity does decrease the likelihood of experiencing an opioid use disorder for lower levels of childhood maltreatment, but only slightly. In extreme cases of sexual, emotional, and physical abuse, religiosity does not decrease the likelihood of experiencing an opioid use disorder.
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Baah-Binney, Victoria. "The Mental Wellness of Liberated Trokosi Women." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1623250850976973.
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Seib, Charrlotte. "Health, well-being and sexual violence among female sex workers : a comparative study." Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16398/.
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Background: Prostitution has been documented in most societies, although the context in which it occurs may vary greatly. In Queensland, Australia, sex workers can operate from legal brothels or privately but all other sectors of the sex industry are prohibited. It is assumed that regulation of the sex industry through legalization leads to better health and social outcomes for sex workers and their clients. However, this assumption has rarely been subjected to empirical scrutiny. Aims: This research examined the occupational health and safety of female sex workers in Queensland and explored the relationship between legislative change, workplace violence, mental health and job satisfaction. Sex workers interviewed in 2003 (after legalisation) were compared to a prior study of this population conducted in 1991 (before official regulation of the sex industry). Further, in-depth analysis of the 2003 cohort compared sex workers employed in legal and illegal sectors, to assess violence, health status and job satisfaction. Methods: Cross-sectional, convenience sampling was used to collect data from female sex workers in 2003. This data was compared with data collected earlier (in 1991) and explored differences in the two samples using bivariate analysis. Similar recruitment strategies on both occasions were used to recruit women from all known sectors of the Queensland sex industry. The 1991 comparison sample (Boyle et al. 1997) included 200 women (aged between 16 and 46 years), and in 2003, 247 women (aged 18 to 57) participated. The 2003 sample included workers from legal brothels (n=102), private sole-operators (n=103) and illegal street-based sex workers (n=42). Using data collected in 2003, this study assessed the relationship between physical and mental health and job satisfaction and two main independent variables, i.e., current work sector and recent workplace violence. Bivariate analysis of physical health and independent variables showed no significant relationships and therefore further analysis was not undertaken. However, analysis of mental health and job satisfaction showed complex interactions between multiple variables and therefore linear modeling was performed to adjust for confounding. Results: Analysis of the 1991 and 2003 samples showed little apparent change over time in self-reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs). There were substantial changes over time in the types of sexual services being provided to clients, with the 2003 sample more likely to provide 'exotic' services. Violence experienced ever in their lifetime differed; in 1991, 29% reported having ever been raped compared with 42% in 2003 (p= <0.01). In 2003, 50% of illegal sex workers reported having ever been raped by a client compared with 12% of private sex workers and 3% of brothel-based sex workers (p=<0.01). Overall, the sex workers reported roughly equivalent job satisfaction to Australian women. A desire to leave the sex industry was most strongly correlated with reduced job satisfaction (p=<0.01). Satisfaction was also relatively low among those whose family was not aware of their sex work (p=<0.01). Similarly, the mental and physical health of this sample was comparable to age-matched women from the general population. Wanting to leave the sex industry was most strongly associated with poor mental health (p=<0.01), as was recent sexual or physical assault by a client (p=0.06) and the woman's main work sector (p=0.05). Illegal sex workers reported substantially lower mental health scores than their counterparts in legal sex work. Conclusions: Self-reported STI diagnosis was high in these samples but the prevalence appears not to have changed over time. Comparing 2003 to 1991, there were trends towards safer and more diverse sexual practices. It is likely the sex industry has 'professionalized' and now includes more sex workers providing specialist, 'exotic' services. This sample of female sex workers reported high rates of violence, with those working illegally at greatest risk. Analysis suggests a complex interaction between variables contributing to mental health and job satisfaction. In general, it appears that the majority of sex workers enjoyed at least as much job satisfaction as women working in other occupations. It also appears that this sample had equivalent mental health to women from the general population, although the sub-group of illegal workers generally had poorer health. Job satisfaction and the extent of workplace hazards (especially risk of violence) were also strongly associated with different sectors of the sex industry. It is probable that legalisation has benefited some (perhaps most) but there are health and safety concerns for those outside the legal framework. Legislative reform should focus on violence prevention, promoting reporting of violent events to police, and further exploration of the impact of legislation on the health of workers in the sex industry.
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Poister, Tusher Chantal. "Revictimization advancing theory and method /." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04182007-221959/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2007.Title from file title page. Sarah L. Cook, committee chair; Jim Emshoff, Lisa Armistead, Julia Perilla, committee members. Electronic text (122 p. : ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Nov. 14, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-107).
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Jigered, Elina, and Martina Nilsson. "Kvinnors hälsa efter sexuella övergrepp : - en litteraturöversikt." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för folkhälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-382964.
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Bakgrund: Alla har rätt till att bestämma över sin egen kropp och sin sexuella hälsa. Likväl utsätts kvinnor världen över för sexuella övergrepp. Sexuella övergrepp kan användas som ett vapen för att begränsa kvinnans egna val och hennes liv. Sjuksköterskor observerar att kvinnor lider av oro och depression, känner smärta och rädsla efter sexuella övergrepp. Kvinnor utsätts även för sekundär viktimisering av samhället, vilket kan leda till skuldkänslor och mindervärdeskomplex. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att sammanställa resultat från olika studier om hälsokonsekvenser för kvinnor som utsatts för sexuella övergrepp.Metod: För att genomföra studien användes en deskriptiv litteraturöversikt med kvalitativ och kvantitativ ansats. Data erhölls efter sökning via PubMed, Cinahl och Scopus. Efter kvalitetsgranskning återfanns tolv artiklar som utgjorde studiens datamaterial.Resultat: Litteraturöversikten visade att kvinnors fysiska och psykiska hälsa påverkades negativt efter sexuella övergrepp vilket medförde lidande för kvinnan. Till exempel drabbades kvinnorna av depression, ångest och posttraumatiskt stressyndrom. Återkommande fysiska hälsoproblem var sömnproblem, fibromyalgi och svårigheter med den sexuella hälsan, som till exempel utomkvedshavandeskap. Överkonsumtion av mat och alkohol i syfte att döva smärtan förekom även hos kvinnorna. De var även benägna att utveckla ett självdestruktivt beteende.Slutsats: Kvinnors emotionella hälsa och välbefinnande påverkades påtagligt negativt av sexuella övergrepp. När det sexuella övergreppet var partnerrelaterat tenderade fler kvinnor att drabbas av posttraumatiskt stressyndrom och depression. Skam- och skuldkänslor var vanligt hos kvinnorna samt begränsningar i det sociala livet som följd av deras psykiska ohälsa. Då utsatta kvinnor har svårt att berätta om sexuella övergrepp måste vårdpersonal som möter dem vara uppmärksamma på tecken som kan tyda på sexuella övergrepp, samt ge den vård som tillämpar kvinnornas individuella behov.Background:Everyone has the right to decide about their own body and their sexual health. Nevertheless, women around the world are exposed to sexual violence. Sexual violence can be used as a weapon to limit the woman's own choices and her life. Nurses observe that women suffer from anxiety and depression, experience pain and fear after a sexual assault. Women also experience secondary victimization of society, which could lead to feelings of guilt and inferiority complex.Aim: The purpose of this literature review was to compile results from various studies on the health consequences for women who were subjected to sexual abuse.Method:To carry out the study, a descriptive review of literature with a qualitative and quantitative approach was used. Data were obtained after searching via PubMed, Cinahl and Scopus. After the quality review, there were twelve articles that constituted the study's data material.Result: The literature review showed that women's physical and mental health was adversely affected by sexual abuse and leads to suffering for the woman. For instance, women suffered from depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress syndrome. Recurrent physical health problems were sleeping problems, fibromyalgia and difficulties with sexual health such as ectopic pregnancy. Over-consumption of food and alcohol in order to relieve the pain were also found. Furthermore, the studies showed that the women were inclined to a develop self-destructive behavior.Conclusion: The emotional health and well-being of women was significantly affected by sexual abuse. When the sexual abuse was partner-related, more women tended to suffer from posttraumatic stress syndrome and depression. Feelings of guilt and shame were common among the women and limitations in social life as a result of their mental illness. Since women find it hard to talk about the sexual assault, health care professionals must be aware of the symptoms and signs that may indicate sexual abuse and provide the care that applies to the women's individual needs.
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Carr, Steven, and steven carr@rmit edu au. "Retrospective Reporting of Childhood Experiences and Borderline Personality Disorder Features in a Non-Clinical Sample: A Cognitive-Behavioural Perspective." RMIT University. Health Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080205.101748.
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The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) symptoms and childhood experiences, and to explore the role of Early Maladaptive Schemas and core beliefs as variables possibly mediating this relationship. Previous research with clinical samples has established a strong link between childhood maltreatment and adult BPD (& other PD) symptoms in clinical samples. However, difficulties with these studies limit the specificity of results. For example, BPD has been shown to be highly comorbid with other axis I and axis II psychiatric conditions. Given that studies examining the relationship between BPD and childhood maltreatment generally fail to control for these comorbid conditions, the specificity of their results must be questioned. Furthermore, it has been well established that childhood familial environment is strongly related to childhood maltreatment. Again studies examining the relationship between BPD and childhood maltreatment have generally failed to concurrently assess childhood familial environments, hence opening the possibility that the relationship between BPD and childhood maltreatment may be due to family functioning rather than childhood maltreatment per se. Finally, studies linking childhood maltreatment with adult BPD have primarily utilized clinical samples. However, the primary use of clinical samples to examine the aetiology of disorders in this context ignores the vast literature showing adequate psychological functio ning for the majority of individuals exposed to childhood maltreatment. Hence, the primary aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult BPD symptoms in a primarily non-clinical sample whilst statistically controlling for commonly comorbid axis I and axis II symptomatology and concurrently measuring childhood familial functioning. It was a secondary aim of the current study to examine the mediating effects of beliefs on the relationship between childhood factors (i.e., childhood maltreatment & childhood familial functioning) and adult BPD symptomatology. That is, cognitive-behavioural theorists argue that personality disorders may be triggered by adverse childhood experiences leading to maladaptive beliefs (or schemas) related to the self, others, and the world, and it is these beliefs which lead to the behavioural disturbances evident in personality disorders. One hundred and eighty-five primarily non-clinical participants completed questionnaires measuring a variety of axis I and axis II symptoms, early maladaptive schemas and core beliefs, as well as retrospective reports of family functioning and childhood maltreatment. Results showed a significant relationship between childhood factors and adult BPD symptomatology. For example, the largest correlation between BPD symptoms and a childhood factor was .27 (for childhood emotional abuse). Furthermore, early maladaptive schemas and core beliefs were found to mediate the relationship between childhood factors and adult BPD symptomatology thus supporting cognitive-behavioural theories of personality disorders. However, early maladaptive schemas and core beliefs were also found to mediate the relationship between childhood factors and other Axis I and Axis II symptoms. Hence, it was concluded that while there was some support for a cognitive mediation hypothesis for BPD symptoms, future research is needed in exploring the specificity of the cognitive mediation hypothesis for BPD.
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Spence, Heather M. "Experiencing the Death of a Formerly Abusive Parent." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1468248207.
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Block, Charlotte. "Var finns hjälpen? : om komplex traumatisering och traumabehandling." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, S:t Lukas utbildningsinstitut, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-1746.
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Det finns ett klart samband mellan komplex traumatisering och psykisk och fysik ohälsa. Många människor har stora problem med det dagliga livet och relationer. Förutom det personliga lidandet är effekterna av komplex traumatisering av stor samhällsekonomisk betydelse. Syftet med studien är att undersöka psykoterapeutisk behandling av traumatiserade patienter inom icke specialiserade enheter. Frågeställningarna i studien är: Vad innebär effekterna av komplex traumatisering för individen? Vilka är terapeuters upplevelse av att arbeta med komplext traumatiserade individer? Får individer med diagnosen komplex PTSD den hjälp de behöver? Den metod som använts är en kvalitativ studie där sex legitimerade psykoterapeuter med psykodynamisk inriktning intervjuas. Resultatet av studien visade att effekterna av komplex traumatisering är omfattande och svåra att diagnostisera. Tillståndet har ofta utvecklats till kroniska besvär, t ex ångest och depression, somatiska besvär och personlighetsstörning. Det finns svårigheter och hinder för att traumatiserade patienter ska få adekvat hjälp och utifrån resultatet saknas det i dag både resurser och effektiva behandlingsmetoder. Kunskapen om trauma och dess effekter måste i ökad utsträckning uppmärksammas och prioriteras i tidigare skede inom vård- och behandling.
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Gonçalves, Tereza Elizete. "A degradação da infância: maus-tratos e sevícias na origem da conduta anti-social. Um estudo psicanalítico." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/15550.
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Previous issue date: 2006-12-06Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This research consists in an effort of comprehension of the problems that the abuse and the familiar victimization with children and teenagers brings about, in the psychoanalytic views. The high frequency that this problem is detected in the young population reveals the big proportion that it reachs, constitutioning a serious phenomenon of the public health that yet find strength and legitimation in the daily of the victim s silence, pursued by the shame, guilt and incompetence. This modality of apression, destroy their identities prematurely fragmented. Based in my performance in a governmental institution destinated to the attendment of families in circumstances of risk to the domestic violence, I suggest to encircle the consequences to the subjectivity of children and teenagers victms of physical and sexual abuse caused by the parents or their substitutes. My interest is motivated by the search of the effects from the impigement, with any physical injurie, faced as an ivasion by the young. This distortion in the negative domestic atmosfhere causes damage to the emotional development, to appropriation of a personal identity and to the potential of creativity, establishing states of isolation and affliction without words that are expressed only in acts. This traumatic modality would be decisive when it comes to the deliquential conduct, passing of the profanation of the core from the self and from the hope
Esta pesquisa consiste num esforço de compreensão da problemática do abuso e vitimização intrafamiliar severos e continuados em crianças e adolescentes, na perspectiva psicanalítica. A incidência com que afeta a população infanto-juvenil, revela a dimensão portentosa desta problemática constituindo-se num grave fenômeno de saúde pública, que ainda encontra força e legitimação no cotidiano de silêncio das vítimas, acossadas pela vergonha, culpa e impotência. Esta modalidade de opressão, assola suas identidades prematuramente fragmentadas. A partir de minha atuação em uma instituição governamental, destinada ao atendimento de famílias em circunstâncias de risco para a violência doméstica, proponho-me a circunscrever as conseqüências para a subjetivação de crianças e jovens vítimas de abusos físicos e sexuais perpetrados pelos pais ou seus substitutos. Meu interesse está motivado pela busca dos efeitos de uma modalidade especializada de falha ambiental (os impingements), qual seja a injúria física, vivida como invasão pelo infante. Esta distorção no ambiente doméstico desfavorecedor, é lesiva ao desenvolvimento emocional, à construção e apropriação de uma identidade pessoal, ao potencial de criatividade, instaurando estados de desamparo e de aflição sem palavras, expressos tão somente em atos. Tal modalidade traumática seria determinante na instauração da conduta delinqüencial, esta decorrente da profanação do cerne do self e da esperança