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Milton, Alyssa C., Benjamin A. Gill, Tracey A. Davenport, Mitchell Dowling, Jane M. Burns, and Ian B. Hickie. "Sexting, Web-Based Risks, and Safety in Two Representative National Samples of Young Australians: Prevalence, Perspectives, and Predictors." JMIR Mental Health 6, no. 6 (June 17, 2019): e13338. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13338.
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Background The rapid uptake of information and communication technology (ICT) over the past decade—particularly the smartphone—has coincided with large increases in sexting. All previous Australian studies examining the prevalence of sexting activities in young people have relied on convenience or self-selected samples. Concurrently, there have been recent calls to undertake more in-depth research on the relationship between mental health problems, suicidal thoughts and behaviors, and sexting. How sexters (including those who receive, send, and two-way sext) and nonsexters apply ICT safety skills warrants further research. Objective This study aimed to extend the Australian sexting literature by measuring (1) changes in the frequency of young people’s sexting activities from 2012 to 2014; (2) young people’s beliefs about sexting; (3) association of demographics, mental health and well-being items, and internet use with sexting; and (4) the relationship between sexting and ICT safety skills. Methods Computer-assisted telephone interviewing using random digit dialing was used in two Young and Well National Surveys conducted in 2012 and 2014. The participants included representative and random samples of 1400 young people aged 16 to 25 years. Results From 2012 to 2014, two-way sexting (2012: 521/1369, 38.06%; 2014: 591/1400, 42.21%; P=.03) and receiving sexts (2012: 375/1369, 27.39%; 2014: 433/1400, 30.93%; P<.001) increased significantly, not sexting (2012: 438/1369, 31.99%; 2014: 356/1400, 25.43%; P<.001) reduced significantly, whereas sending sexts (2012: n=35/1369, 2.56%; 2014: n=20/1400, 1.43%; P>.05) did not significantly change. In addition, two-way sexting and sending sexts were found to be associated with demographics (male, second language, and being in a relationship), mental health and well-being items (suicidal thoughts and behaviors and body image concerns), and ICT risks (cyberbullying others and late-night internet use). Receiving sexts was significantly associated with demographics (being male and not living with parents or guardians) and ICT risks (being cyberbullied and late-night internet use). Contrary to nonsexters, Pearson correlations demonstrated that all sexting groups (two-way, sending, and receiving) had a negative relationship with endorsing the ICT safety items relating to being careful when using the Web and not giving out personal details. Conclusions Our research demonstrates that most young Australians are sexting or exposed to sexting in some capacity. Sexting is associated with some negative health and well-being outcomes—specifically, sending sexts is linked to suicidal thoughts and behaviors, body image issues, and ICT safety risks, including cyberbullying and late-night internet use. Those who do sext are less likely to engage in many preventative ICT safety behaviors. How the community works in partnership with young people to address this needs to be a multifaceted approach, where sexting is positioned within a wider proactive conversation about gender, culture, psychosocial health, and respecting and caring for each other when on the Web.
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Leguilloux, Martine. "A propos de la charcuterie en Gaule romaine : un exemple à Aix-en-Provence (ZAC Sextius-Mirabeau)." Gallia 54, no. 1 (1997): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/galia.1997.2998.
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Englander, Elizabeth Kandel, and Meghan McCoy. "Pressured Sexting and Revenge Porn in a Sample of Massachusetts Adolescents." International Journal of Technoethics 8, no. 2 (July 2017): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijt.2017070102.
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Digital communications are largely used for positive interactions but can also be a vehicle for harassment. Previous research has made is clear that sexting occurs, at times, because of peer pressure. This study examined pressured sexting and the unauthorized release of images in a cross-sectional sample studied in 2013-15. The convenience sample examined 1,320 students in Massachusetts. Over the years, more students admitted to sexting, but fewer reported any degree of pressure to sext. More than a third of sexters in 2014 and almost half of sexters in 2015 reported that the picture had been released without their consent. Interestingly, this did not seem to occur primarily within established relationships; instead, it seemed to target most often sexters who declined to date someone. Unauthorized distribution was related to several risk factors, including younger-aged sexters, those who sexted to multiple recipients, and those who were pressured into sexting initially.
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Bianchi, Dora, Mara Morelli, Roberto Baiocco, Elena Cattelino, Fiorenzo Laghi, and Antonio Chirumbolo. "Family functioning patterns predict teenage girls’ sexting." International Journal of Behavioral Development 43, no. 6 (September 11, 2019): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025419873037.
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Online exchange of sexual content (“sexting”) is associated with potentially negative consequences, especially for girls. We investigated possible associations between family functioning and girls’ sexting. Italian teenage girls ( N = 250; Mage = 16.36 years; SDage = 1.88) completed online surveys that evaluated family functioning (communication, flexibility, cohesion, disengagement, chaos, enmeshment, and rigidity) and five sexting behaviors: (a) engaging in sexting, (b) sexting with a partner, (c) number of people with whom girls share sexts, (d) nonconsensual forwarding of sexts, and (e) sexting for emotion regulation. We found that engaging in sexting, sexting for emotion regulation, and the number of people with whom girls share sexts were predicted by age and low family communication. Sexting with a partner was predicted by age and high flexibility, and nonconsensual forwarding of sexts was positively predicted by enmeshment.
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Molla Esparza, Cristian, Pablo Nájera, Emelina López-González, and Josep-Maria Losilla. "Development and Validation of the Adolescent Sexting Scale (A-SextS) with a Spanish Sample." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 8042. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218042.
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“Sexting” is generally defined as the exchange of sexual media content via the internet. However, research on this topic has underscored the need to seek greater consensus when considering different conceptual elements that make up this definition. The aim of this study was to develop and validate an instrument for measuring sexting among adolescents, in order to cover a gap identified in the previous literature. The Adolescent Sexting Scale (A-SextS for short) was developed for validation on a sample of 579 Spanish secondary school pupils between the ages of 11 and 18. Evidence for face, content, concurrent, and criterion validity were assessed. A comprehensive set of 64 items, covering six defining characteristics of sexting (e.g., actions, recipient, media format, degree of sexual explicitness), was constructed after conducting an extensive literature review, two discussion groups, and a pilot study. Sexting prevalence rates measured by A-SextS were mostly concurrent with those found in previous studies. A-SextS subscales produced statistically significant positive associations with pornography consumption and physical sexual intercourse. The study shows that A-SextS can be an integrating instrument that facilitates a rigorous and comprehensive assessment of adolescent sexting experiences, as well as the formulation of an operationalized definition of the practice of sexting.
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DEGTYAREV, ALEX. "OKA'S CONJECTURE ON IRREDUCIBLE PLANE SEXTICS II." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 18, no. 08 (August 2009): 1065–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216509007348.
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We complete the proof of Oka's conjecture on the Alexander polynomial of an irreducible plane sextic. We also calculate the fundamental groups of irreducible sextics with a singular point adjacent to J10.
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KITCHING, R. L., and B. K. FILSHIE. "The morphology and mode of action of the anal apparatus of membracid nymphs with special reference to Sextius virescens (Fairmaire) (Homoptera)." Journal of Entomology Series A, General Entomology 49, no. 1 (April 2, 2009): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3032.1974.tb00071.x.
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Yeung, Timothy H., Danielle R. Horyniak, Alyce M. Vella, Margaret E. Hellard, and Megan S. C. Lim. "Prevalence, correlates and attitudes towards sexting among young people in Melbourne, Australia." Sexual Health 11, no. 4 (2014): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh14032.
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Background ‘Sexting’ is the exchange of sexually explicit material via communication technologies. Despite significant media attention, there has been little examination of sexting in the Australian setting. This study aimed to provide insight into sexting behaviours and attitudes among young Australians. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a convenience sample of people aged 16–29 years attending a music festival (n = 1372). Correlates of lifetime sexting were determined using multivariate logistic regression. Attitudes towards and perceived consequences of sexting were explored in focus group discussions (FGDs) with 39 young people. Results: Forty percent of survey participants reported that they had ever sent or received a sext (48% of males, 36% of females), most commonly with a regular partner. Lower levels of education, greater recreational spending, greater number of sexual partners, inconsistent condom use with a regular partner, identifying as being nonheterosexual and risky alcohol consumption were all independent correlates of sexting. FGD participants made a clear distinction between consensual creating, sending and possessing of sexts, and nonconsensual sharing of sexts. Positive outcomes of consensual sexting included flirting and sexual experimentation, with sexting perceived as a normalised aspect of sexual interaction. Conclusions: Sexting is a common and normalised practice among young Australians. Our findings highlight the distinction in young people’s minds between consensual sexting and the nonconsensual sharing or circulation of sexts, which is not currently well recognised in sexuality education, the media or the law.
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Lu, Yu, Elizabeth Baumler, and Jeff R. Temple. "Multiple Forms of Sexting and Associations with Psychosocial Health in Early Adolescents." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 9, 2021): 2760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052760.
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Despite the recent surge of sexting research, the link between sexting and psychosocial health remains inconclusive. To address this gap in the literature, we examined the link between multiple forms of sexting and a range of psychosocial health problems. Data were from a randomized controlled trial of a school-based dating violence prevention program. Participants were 2199 early adolescents (49.8% female) aged 14 years and under (mean age = 13.53, SD = 0.50) enrolled in middle-schools in southeast Texas. Participants self-reported to be 35.4% Hispanic, 7.9% Non-Hispanic White, 26.2% Non-Hispanic Black, 18.6% Asian, and 11.9% other. Multilevel multivariate regressions found that pressured sexting was associated with hostility and aggressive temperament. Receiving unsolicited sexts was associated with depression, impulsivity, hostility, emotion dysregulation, and aggressive temperament. Forwarding sexts without permission was linked to hostility. Asking someone for sexts was linked to impulsivity and aggressive temperament, while being asked to send a sext was associated with depression, anxiety, impulsivity, hostility, emotion dysregulation, and aggressive temperament. Finally, consensual sexting was not significantly associated with poor psychosocial health of any type. Interventions should focus on preventing pressured sexting and teaching early adolescents on how to respond to being pressured to sext.
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Setty, Emily. "A Rights-Based Approach to Youth Sexting: Challenging Risk, Shame, and the Denial of Rights to Bodily and Sexual Expression Within Youth Digital Sexual Culture." International Journal of Bullying Prevention 1, no. 4 (November 6, 2019): 298–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42380-019-00050-6.
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Abstract Educational interventions on youth sexting often focus on individual sexters or would-be sexters, and are driven by the aim of encouraging young people to abstain from producing and sharing personal sexual images. This approach has been criticised for failing to engage with the complex sociocultural context to youth sexting. Drawing upon qualitative group and one-to-one interviews with 41 young people aged 14 to 18 living in a county in south-east England, I explore young people’s perceptions and practices surrounding sexting. By taking a grounded theory approach to the research, I reveal how young people’s shaming of digitally mediated sexual self-expression shaped and was shaped by a denial of rights to bodily and sexual autonomy and integrity. This denial of rights underpinned harmful sexting practices, including violations of privacy and consent, victim blaming, and bullying. I conclude that responses to youth sexting should attend to this broader youth cultural context, emphasise the roles and responsibilities of bystanders, and encourage a collectivist digital sexual ethics based upon rights to one’s body and freedom from harm (Albury, New Media and Society 19(5):713–725, 2017; Dobson and Ringrose, Sex Education 16(1):8–21, 2015).
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Morelli, Mara, Flavio Urbini, Dora Bianchi, Roberto Baiocco, Elena Cattelino, Fiorenzo Laghi, Piotr Sorokowski, et al. "The Relationship between Dark Triad Personality Traits and Sexting Behaviors among Adolescents and Young Adults across 11 Countries." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 4, 2021): 2526. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052526.
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Background: Sexting is an increasingly common phenomenon among adolescents and young adults. Some studies have investigated the role of personality traits in different sexting behaviors within mainstream personality taxonomies like Big Five and HEXACO. However, very few studies have investigated the role of maladaptive personality factors in sexting. Therefore, the present study investigated the relationship between Dark Triad Personality Traits and experimental (i.e., sharing own sexts), risky (i.e., sexting under substance use and with strangers), and aggravated sexting (i.e., non-consensual sexting and sexting under pressure) across 11 countries. Methods: An online survey was completed by 6093 participants (Mage = 20.35; SDage = 3.63) from 11 different countries which covered four continents (Europe, Asia, Africa, and America). Participants completed the Sexting Behaviors Questionnaire and the 12-item Dark Triad Dirty Dozen scale. Results: Hierarchical regression analyses showed that sharing own sexts was positively predicted by Machiavellianism and Narcissism. Both risky and aggravated sexting were positively predicted by Machiavellianism and Psychopathy. Conclusions: The present study provided empirical evidence that different sexting behaviors were predicted by Dark Triad Personality Traits, showing a relevant role of Machiavellianism in all kinds of investigated sexting behaviors. Research, clinical, and education implications for prevention programs are discussed.
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Dye, R. H. "Space sextic curves with six bitangents, and some geometry of the diagonal cubic surface." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 40, no. 1 (February 1997): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0013091500023452.
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A general space curve has only a finite number of quadrisecants, and it is rare for these to be bitangents. We show that there are irreducible rational space sextics whose six quadrisecants are all bitangents. All such sextics are projectively equivalent, and they lie by pairs on diagonal cubic surfaces. The bitangents of such a related pair are the halves of the distinguished double-six of the diagonal cubic surface. No space sextic curve has more than six bitangents, and the only other types with six bitangents are certain (4,2) curves on quadrics. In the course of the argument we see that space sextics with at least six quadrisecants are either (4,2) or (5,1) quadric curves with infinitely many, or are curves which each lie on a unique, and non-singular, cubic surface and have one half of a double-six for quadrisecants.
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Kim, Soyeon, Alexa Martin-Storey, Alexander Drossos, Samantha Barbosa, and Katholiki Georgiades. "Prevalence and Correlates of Sexting Behaviors in a Provincially Representative Sample of Adolescents." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 65, no. 6 (December 13, 2019): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743719895205.
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Objectives: To examine the prevalence and correlates of sending and receiving sexts (i.e., sexually explicit images) in a provincially representative sample of adolescents in Canada. Methods: Data from the 2014 Ontario Child Health Study, a provincial survey of households with children in Ontario, which includes a sample of 2,537 adolescents aged 14 to 17 years (mean age = 15.42, male = 51.6%) were used to address the research objectives. Results: The past 12 months prevalence of sending and receiving sexts was 14.4% and 27.0%, respectively. In unadjusted logistic regression analyses, non-White adolescents and those living in low-income households were less likely to send or receive sexts compared to White and non-low-income adolescents. Adolescents who disclosed their sexual and/or gender minority identities were 3 to 4 times more likely to send and receive sexts than youth who had not disclosed these identities. Higher levels of mental health problems generally observed among adolescents who sent or received sexts. In fully adjusted models, low income and ethnic minority status were associated with reduced odds of sending and receiving sexts, while sexual and/or gender minority disclosure status was associated with increased odds. Social anxiety was associated with reduced odds of sending and receiving sexts, while conduct disorder was associated with elevated odds. Conclusion: The prevalence of sexting behavior was higher among adolescents who disclosed their sexual or gender minority identities. Sexting behaviors were associated with higher levels of mental health problems. Identifying vulnerable populations and the potential mental health ramifications associated with sexting behavior is vital to mitigating negative sequelae.
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Mukonyo, Musyimi Elizabeth, Priscilla Kabue, and Judy Mugo. "SEXTING AND RISKY SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR AMONG STUDENTS IN MACHAKOS UNIVERSITY, MACHAKOS COUNTY.KENYA." Global Journal of Health Sciences 5, no. 2 (October 22, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/gjhs.1154.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate sexting practice among students and identify the risky sexual behaviors associated with sexting among students in Machakos University, Machakos County, Kenya.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive cross-sectional study design. The target sample was 347 students aged 18-24 years in Machakos university. Convenience sampling was used for quantitative data and purposive sampling for qualitative data as well as the study area. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were utilized and in-depth interview used for the qualitative data collection. The IBM SPSS version 26.0 was used for data analysis. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the qualitative data and triangulated with quantitative findings. Results was presented in tables, graphs and pie charts. Chi square test was done to identify variables associated with sexting and odds ratio to measure the association between sexting and risky sexual behavior.
Findings: Sexting (sending of sexually suggestive image/photo) was found to be prevalent among the student at 57% and 48% being two-way sexters. Male respondents engaged more into sexting as compared to female respondents at 67%and 33% respectively.23.0% sexted to keep or get a boy/girlfriend and 14% due to pleasure from their peers. Gender, Age, Level of study and relationship status were all significantly associated with sexting (P=0.000, P=0.027, P=0.002 and P=0.022 respectively). Risky sexual behaviors among students included early sexual intercourse 74%, but 54% had not used protection. Sexting and risky sexual behavior were found to be associated because most of the respondents who engaged in sexting were eight times more like to engage in early sexual intercourse, and the perception of sexters was that if one was sexting they were six times likely to have sex with the person they sexted, and so the null hypothesis that there is no relationship between sexting and risky sexual behavior was rejected and the alternative hypothesis adopted.
Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: Adoption of Multi sectoral to develop policies, and design youth programs with a wide range of issues relating to sex and sexuality and how to safely navigate the internet and form healthy relationships both on and offline, which include issues such as sexting with young people from a young age.
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Edge, W. L. "A plane sextic and its five cusps." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 118, no. 3-4 (1991): 209–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030821050002905x.
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SynopsisA certain plane sextic of genus 5 was encountered by Humbert and publicised by him [3] in 1894. Its striking geometrical properties clamour for elucidation; this was eventually supplied in 1951. For the canonical curve of genus 5 is the base curve C of a net N of quadrics in projective space [4], and C models a Humbert curve when all the quadrics of N have a common self-polar simplex [1]. The projection of C from one of its chords onto a plane is a 5-nodal sextic, the nodes all becoming cusps when the chord of C becomes a tangent. The properties to be elucidated become clear visually in the projection.The sextic H described here is a specialisation of the cusped curve; it emerges as linearly dependent on a pair of reducible plane sextics concocted ad hoc.
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Garcia, Justin R., Amanda N. Gesselman, Shadia A. Siliman, Brea L. Perry, Kathryn Coe, and Helen E. Fisher. "Sexting among singles in the USA: prevalence of sending, receiving, and sharing sexual messages and images." Sexual Health 13, no. 5 (2016): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh15240.
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Background: The transmission of sexual images and messages via mobile phone or other electronic media (sexting) has been associated with a variety of mostly negative social and behavioural consequences. Research on sexting has focussed on youth, with limited data across demographics and with little known about the sharing of private sexual images and messages with third parties. Methods: The present study examines sexting attitudes and behaviours, including sending, receiving, and sharing of sexual messages and images, across gender, age, and sexual orientation. A total of 5805 single adults were included in the study (2830 women; 2975 men), ranging in age from 21 to 75+ years. Results: Overall, 21% of participants reported sending and 28% reported receiving sexually explicit text messages; both sending and receiving ‘sexts’ was most common among younger respondents. Although 73.2% of participants reported discomfort with unauthorised sharing of sexts beyond the intended recipient, of those who had received sext images, 22.9% reported sharing them with others (on average with 3.17 friends). Participants also reported concern about the potential consequences of sexting on their social lives, careers, and psychosocial wellbeing. Conclusion: Views on the impact of sexting on reputation suggest a contemporary struggle to reconcile digital eroticism with real-world consequences. These findings suggest a need for future research into negotiations of sexting motivations, risks, and rewards.
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Molla-Esparza, Cristian, Josep-Maria Losilla, and Emelina López-González. "Prevalence of sending, receiving and forwarding sexts among youths: A three-level meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 15, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): e0243653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243653.
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By systematic review with a three-level, mixed-effects meta-analysis, this paper examines the prevalence of sexting experiences among youths aimed at analyzing conceptual and methodological moderators that might explain its heterogeneity. A search was conducted of five bibliographic databases and grey literature up until February 2020. The risk of bias in primary studies was assessed. A total of seventy-nine articles met the set inclusion criteria. Mean prevalences for sending, receiving and forwarding sexts were .14 (95% CI: .12, .17), .31 (95% CI: .26, .36) and .07 (95% CI: .05, .09), respectively, expressed as fractions over one. Moderator analyses showed that all sexting experiences increased with age (e.g., the mean prevalence for sending sexts at the age of 12 was .04, whereas, at the age of 16, it was .21) and year of data collection (e.g., the mean prevalence for sending sexts in studies collecting data in 2009 was .07, whereas, in studies collecting data in 2018, it was .33). Subgroup analysis revealed that studies with probabilistic samples led to significantly lower mean prevalences for the sexting experiences of sending (.08, 95% CI: .06, .11), receiving (.19, 95% CI: .15, .24) and forwarding sexts (.04, 95% CI: .03, .07). Self-reported administration procedures also led to more homogeneous prevalence estimates than interviews. Prevalence estimates also varied according to the type of media content (e.g., the mean prevalence for sending sexual text messages was .22, whereas, for sending sexual images or videos, it was .12). Overall, our meta-analysis results suggest high and increasing prevalences of sending and receiving sexts among youths.
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Laird, Jessica, Bianca Klettke, Elizabeth Clancy, and Ian Fuelscher. "Relationships between Coerced Sexting and Differentiation of Self: An Exploration of Protective Factors." Sexes 2, no. 4 (November 8, 2021): 468–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes2040037.
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Pressure to send sexually explicit messages, or ‘sexting coercion’ is associated with adverse mental health outcomes and sexual risk behaviors. This study explores Differentiation of Self (DoS) as a potential protective factor to reduce susceptibility to sexting coercion. A convenience sample of 399 Australian participants, aged 18 to 21 years (Mage = 19.63; SD = 1.14, 68.2% women) completed an online survey measuring sexting behaviors and DoS. Women were four times more likely to send willing unwanted sexts, and seven times more likely to engage in coerced unwanted sexting than men. Participants with low DoS were four times more likely to engage in coerced unwanted sexting. DoS significantly mediated the relationship between gender and coerced unwanted sexting. Results support the proposal of a sexting coercion typology encompassing discrete sub-types of sexting coercion. Results also indicate DoS may operate as a protective factor for young people in Australia, reducing compliance with sexting when coerced.
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Otanga, Habil, and Hannan Aslam. "Impulsivity traits, emotions and mobile phone sexting among college students in Kenya." Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues 10, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjpr.v10i2.4632.
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Sexting using internet-enabled mobile phones is increasingly becoming central to college students’ communication. Understanding prevalence rates and psychological predictors in an understudied population in sub-Saharan Africa therefore warrants concern. This survey study sought to examine (a) sexting prevalence rates; (b) impulsivity traits and sexting; and (c) whether emotions moderate the relationship between impulsivity traits and sexting among college students. Data from undergraduate students (N = 464; M(SD) age = 22.84 (.91); 50.4% female) were collected using a questionnaire measuring impulsivity, emotions and engagement in sexting and analysed using descriptive statistics, t-tests and regression analysis. Moderation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results show that sexting was reported by over half the sample and men were significantly more likely to send and respond to sexts. Lack of premeditation predicted sending but not responding; positive urgency predicted responding but not sending; and sensation seeking predicted both aspects of sexting. Desire, fear and happiness moderated the relationship between impulsivity traits and sexting. Findings suggest that under specific heightened emotions, individuals with impulsivity traits are more likely to engage in sexting.
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Petrova, Maya. "On Medicine, Physicians, and Healers in Ancient Rome." Hypothekai 6 (2022): 40–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32880/2587-7127-2022-6-6-40-77.
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The paper discusses the issue of the attitude towards medicine, physicians, and healers in Ancient Rome (1st – 5th centuries) based on ancient texts (Juv. Sat., Plin. Nat. Hist., Mart. Ep., etc.). It is shown that the profession of physician in Rome did not immediately receive recognition. The reasons for this are revealed: first, Romans did not consider medicine an art (science), and second, those who were associated with medicine were not Romans by origin and did not initially have civil rights. The collective biography of the Roman physician is reconstructed; it is based on the surviving testimonies about Anthonius Musa, Sextius Niger, Scribonius Largus, Rufus of Ephesus, Galen, Serenius Sammonius, Theodorus Priscianus, Adamantius, Marcellus Empiricus, and others. Information about their origin, names and nicknames, positions, social status, duties and rights, features of professional activity, subject and content of their medical texts is taken into account. Some provisions of the collective biography are as follows: 1) Roman physicians and people associated with medicine initially had the status of a slave; 2) As a rule, they received education either in Alexandria, or in special medical schools and temples-hospitals, or from famous teachers; 3) Some physicians were at emperors’ courts, had high titles, positions and privileges; 4) For the most part, physicians authored works written mainly in Greek, but also in Arabic and Latin; 5) The interests of physicians were connected with natural philosophy, medicine itself (theoretical and practical) and its fields, for example, physiology and pharmacology, as well as biology (botany); 6) In addition to medical practice, physicians’ occupations included teaching, mentoring, and sharing experience; collecting prescriptions and antidotes, inventing medical drugs; 7) The career of a physician (especially at the court of an emperor) could not always be successful. He could be expelled, forced to flee to a foreign country, or murdered.
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Clancy, Elizabeth Mary, Dominika Howard, Shaoyuan Chong, and Bianca Klettke. "Dream It, Do It? Associations between Pornography Use, Risky Sexual Behaviour, Sexual Preoccupation and Sexting Behaviours among Young Australian Adults." Sexes 2, no. 4 (October 16, 2021): 433–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes2040034.
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While sexting behaviours have attracted increasing research focus over the last decade as both normative and deviant forms of sexual activity, little attention has been paid to their potential associations with sexual preoccupation and heightened interest in sex. The current study sought to identify whether sexual preoccupation significantly predicts sending, receiving, and disseminating sexts, after controlling for pornography use and risky sexual behaviours. Young Australian adult participants (N = 654, 78.8% women) aged 18 to 34 (M = 19.78, SD = 1.66) completed an anonymous online self-report questionnaire regarding their engagement in sexting behaviours (sending, receiving, and dissemination), pornography use, risky sexual behaviours, and sexual preoccupation. Results showed that individuals with higher sexual preoccupation were more likely to engage in pornography use and risky sexual behaviours. Binary hierarchical logistic regressions revealed that sexual preoccupation predicted higher rates of sending and receiving sexts. However, sexual preoccupation did not significantly contribute to increased rates of sext dissemination. Our study illustrates the need to incorporate pornography viewing and sexting into the promotion of safe sexual behaviours in online and offline contexts, and the potential to utilise modern technology to negotiate safer sex practices.
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Podlas, Kimberlianne. "THE "LEGAL EPIDEMIOLOGY" OF THE TEEN SEXTING EPIDEMIC: HOW THE MEDIA INFLUENCED A LEGISLATIVE OUTBREAK." Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law and Policy 12 (April 13, 2012): 1–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/tlp.2012.91.
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This article considers the media‟s impact on the “legal epidemiology” of the teen sexting epidemic. Here, “teen sexting epidemic” refers to two things: (1) the belief that sext messaging by teens is rampant and spreading, hence, is an epidemic; and (2) the process by which a piece of information spreads like a virus, came to be understood as a pathogen infecting teens, resulted in a rash of child pornography prosecutions, and erupted into an outbreak of sexting legislation, hence, the epidemiology of the legal issue. This article argues that the media was both a carrier of this virus, in that it communicated the information and conceptual frameworks that formed the public‟s knowledge base of sexting and its legal implications, and a host environment in which forces interacted and transformed. To better understand the media‟s role, this article includes an empirical analysis of the past five years of media coverage of teen sexting, and identifying both its temporal and topical trends. With this quantitative and qualitative base, the article then analyzes the relationship between coverage and the progression of the teen sexting epidemic from a social issue to a legal issue and, ultimately, to an outbreak of “curative” legislation. In doing so, it focuses on the child pornography prosecutions of teen sexters, the media‟s criticism of that course of action, the reincarnated stories of sext-related suicides, and the nation‟s recent sext-related legislation.
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Wachs, Sebastian, Michelle F. Wright, Manuel Gámez-Guadix, and Nicola Döring. "How Are Consensual, Non-Consensual, and Pressured Sexting Linked to Depression and Self-Harm? The Moderating Effects of Demographic Variables." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 5, 2021): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052597.
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Sexting among adolescents has triggered controversial debates among scholars and the general public. However, questions regarding the associations between different types of sexting, namely consensual, non-consensual, and pressured sexting, depressive symptoms, and non-suicidal self-harm remain. In addition, little attention has been given to whether demographic variables (i.e., gender, ethnicity, disability, sexual minority) might influence these associations. To fill these gaps in the literature, the present study was conducted. Participants were 2506 adolescents (ages 13–16 years old; Mage = 15.17; SDage = 0.89) from eight high schools located in the suburbs of a large Midwestern city in the United States. Adolescents self-identified as female (50%), Caucasian (57%), approximately 15% reported that they had a disability they received school accommodation for, and 18% self-identified as a sexual minority. They completed self-report questionnaires on their sexting behaviors, depressive symptoms, and non-suicidal self-harm. Findings revealed that non-consensual and pressured sexting were positively related to depressive symptoms and non-suicidal self-harm, whereas consensual sexting was unrelated to these outcomes. Boys engaged in more non-consensual sexting compared with girls, girls were more pressured to send sexts compared with boys, and sexual minority adolescents reported greater consensual sexting compared with non-sexual minority adolescents. Moderating effects revealed that girls, non-minority adolescents, and non-sexual minority adolescents experienced greater depressive symptoms and non-suicidal self-harm when they experienced pressured sexting. These findings underscore the importance of considering various types of sexting and adolescents’ demographic variables when examining the negative outcomes of sexting. Disentangling the relationships among different types of sexting, depressive symptoms, and self-harm aids in the development of evidence-based recommendations for sexting harm prevention and sexual education programs.
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Witting, Sabine K. "Regulating bodies: the moral panic of child sexuality in the digital era." Kritische Vierteljahresschrift für Gesetzgebung und Rechtswissenschaft 102, no. 1 (2019): 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2193-7869-2019-1-5.
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Mit zunehmendem Zugang zum Internet hat sich das explorative Verhalten von Kindern zu Sexualität auch auf den Onlinebereich ausgeweitet. Dies führte zu einer Wiederbelebung der moralischen Panik rund um die kindliche Sexualität, insbesondere in Bezug auf das wachsende Phänomen des einvernehmlichen „Sextings“ zwischen Minderjährigen. Diese moralische Panik wird durch die Sorge um sexuellen Missbrauch und sexuelle Ausbeutung von Kindern im Kontext von „Kinderpornographie“ noch weiter befeuert. In dem Bestreben, Kinder vor solchen Straftaten zu schützen, wird einvernehmliches „Sexting“ zwischen Minderjährigen in manchen Ländern als Produktion und Verbreitung von „Kinderpornographie“ gewertet und führt so zur Strafverfolgung beteiligter Kinder als SexualstraftäterInnen. Das Recht auf Schutz vor sexuellem Missbrauch und Ausbeutung ist hier das dominierende Narrativ. Dieser Artikel argumentiert, dass die Kriminalisierung von Kindern aufgrund einvernehmlicher sexueller Erkundungen im Online-Raum kontraproduktiv für das Ziel des Kinderschutzes ist. Stattdessen sollten Länder in Fällen von einvernehmlichen „Sexting“ zwischen Minderjährigen einen auf Rechten basierenden Ansatz verfolgen und die widerstreitenden Interessen von Autonomie und Kinderschutz dadurch ausgleichen, dass sie das einvernehmliche „Sexting“ zwischen Minderjährigen aus dem Geltungsbereich der „Kinderpornografie“ ausschließen.
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Magbanua, Bernardo, and Ma Arlyn Redublo. "Engagement of LGBT Teenagers in Sexting in Calapan City." JPAIR Multidisciplinary Research 38, no. 1 (October 8, 2019): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7719/jpair.v38i1.721.
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Mobile phones are essentially a part of people’s lives, and it has changed the way people lead their lives. The number is rising and the number and the way cellphones are designed today makes access to other people and different services very quick and easy. The study aimed to understand and determine the different factors leading to the engagement to sexting. The data gathering was conducted in Calapan City with members of the LGBT Community as respondents. A qualitative study was used in the collection and analysis of data. Snowball sampling was used for the one hundred (100) identified members of the LGBT community, sixty-four (64) of them have signified as engaging in sexting and twenty-three (23) agreed to be interviewed. The study found out that enjoyment and satisfaction is the factor that contributed a lot to engage in sexting. The results showed that loss of reputation greatly affected them as individual beings. Further, what started out as simple messaging continued to implicit messaging, then sending and receiving of nude or semi-nude photos, next video chat, and for some eventually actual sex. It is recommended that LGBT sexters should be knowledgeable about the consequences before engaging in sexting.
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Lim, Megan S. C., Alyce M. Vella, Danielle R. Horyniak, and Margaret E. Hellard. "Exploring attitudes towards sexting of young people: a cross-sectional study." Sexual Health 13, no. 6 (2016): 530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh16029.
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Background Sexting is a common emerging phenomenon. This study aims to explore young people’s attitudes towards sexting. Methods: Participants (n = 469, age range 15–29 years) were recruited at a music festival and self-completed a questionnaire. Attitudes towards sexting were assessed using a series of seven statements, rated on a five-point Likert scale from ‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’. Correlates of sexting attitudes were determined using multivariable regression. Results: Forty-six percent of respondents reported ever sexting. Most (88%) agreed ‘It’s risky for a girl to send a naked picture of herself,’ fewer agreed with the statement ‘It’s risky for a boy to send a naked picture of himself’ (77%). Thirty percent agreed that ‘If someone I’d just started seeing sent me a sext I might show it to some friends,’ however, only 14% might do the same with a sext from a boyfriend or girlfriend (this did not differ by sex). More permissive attitudes to sexting were associated with being male, lower sexual health knowledge, inconsistent condom use with casual partners, and higher alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Although the majority of young people surveyed agreed that sexting was risky it was a common practice. Given the potential psychosocial impact of sharing sexts without consent, it was concerning that up to a third of participants indicated they might do so. The findings of this study have implications for informing education on sexting.
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Alonso Ruido, Patricia, Yolanda Rodríguez Castro, María Lameiras Fernández, and Rosana Martínez Román. "Las motivaciones hacia el Sexting de los y las adolescentes gallegos/as." Revista de Estudios e Investigación en Psicología y Educación, no. 13 (December 17, 2017): 047. http://dx.doi.org/10.17979/reipe.2017.0.13.2280.
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El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar las motivaciones de los/as adolescentes para llevar a cabo comportamientos de Sexting; así como, analizar su percepción sobre los motivos más frecuentes que la gente de su edad alude para sextear, analizando las diferencias según el género y la localización. Participaron un total de 1286 estudiantes de la Provincia de Ourense, con una media de edad de 15.63 (DT: 1.35). Los resultados apuntan motivos muy diversos y variados, identificando a los chicos como más sexters en relación al envío de textos erótico sexuales.
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Gassó, Aina M., José R. Agustina, and Esperanza Goméz-Durán. "Cross-Cultural Differences in Sexting Practices between American and Spanish University Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 2058. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042058.
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Despite the growing body of research regarding sexting and online sexual victimization, there is little evidence exploring cultural differences in association with those behaviors. The aim of this study was to examine cultural differences in sexting practices by comparing an American sample and a Spanish sample of university students. The original sample was composed of 1799 college students, including 1386 Spanish college students and 413 American Students, with 74% of female participants, and ages ranging from 18 to 64 years old (mean age = 21.26, SD= 4.61). Results indicate that American students sext more than Spanish students and have higher probabilities of being victims of nonconsensual dissemination of their sexual content. However, Spanish students receive more sexts than American students. Although our results show differences between the Spanish and the American samples that might be modulated by cultural factors, the vulnerability of females regarding sexting remains unchanged. Additionally, differences in specific characteristics of the behaviors (such as perceived risk, receiver of the sexual content, intensity of the sexual content, and motive for sexting) were also studied. Further results and implications are discussed in relation to cultural differences.
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Falconer, Tasha, Christopher Quinn-Nilas, and Robin Milhausen. "Body image self-consciousness, sexting, and sexual satisfaction among midlife Canadians." Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 31, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 46–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.2021-0027.
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Life circumstances at midlife are often different than those for younger adults (e.g., relationship type and duration, physical health, experience of sexual problems), and these circumstances impact experiences of sexuality and sexual behaviour. Past research on sexual behaviours like sexting, which has been primarily conducted on young people, may not generalize to middle-aged adults. Sexting may be a beneficial activity for midlife adults in long-term relationships who are seeking private and convenient ways to communicate sexual interest. Furthermore, as in younger samples, sexting may be associated with body image and sexual satisfaction. A cross-sectional study with a sample of 640 midlife (40–59 years old) married Canadians was conducted to address these suppositions. Structural equation modelling was used to test the factorial validity of a body image self-consciousness (BISC) scale and to investigate the connections between BISC, sexting frequency (to communicate sexual interest, to initiate sexual activity, and that include a picture), and sexual satisfaction. Almost one-half of participants (43%) reported sexting to communicate sexual interest, 37% sexted to initiate sexual activity, and 18% sexted sexy pictures of themselves. Women with lower levels of BISC were more likely to sext (communicate, initiate, and pictures), and men with lower levels of BISC were more likely to send sexts with pictures. Both men and women with lower levels of BISC and those who engaged in sexting to communicate sexual interest had higher levels of sexual satisfaction. Sexting may be an opportunity for busy marital partners to engage in technology-mediated sexual activity when apart. The current results indicate that technology-mediated sexual communication has similar psychological mechanisms to face-to-face interactions and that sexting may be a beneficial behaviour for sexual satisfaction within midlife marriages.
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Deaner, Robert O., Vittorio Addona, Rickey E. Carter, Michael J. Joyner, and Sandra K. Hunter. "Fast men slow more than fast women in a 10 kilometer road race." PeerJ 4 (July 21, 2016): e2235. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2235.
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Background.Previous studies have demonstrated that men are more likely than women to slow in the marathon (footrace). This study investigated whether the sex difference in pacing occurs for a shorter race distance.Materials &Methods.Data were acquired from the Bolder Boulder 10 km road race for the years 2008–2013, which encompassed 191,693 performances. There were two pacing measures, percentage change in pace of the first 3 miles relative to the final 3.2 miles and percentage change in pace of the first mile relative to the final 5.2 miles. Pacing was analyzed as a continuous variable and as two categorical variables, as follows: “maintain the pace,” defined as slowing <5% and “marked slowing,” defined as slowing ≥10%.Results.Among the fastest (men< 48:40;women< 55:27) and second fastest (men< 53:54;women< 60:28) sex-specific finishing time sextiles, men slowed significantly more than women with both pacing measures, but there were no consistently significant sex differences in pacing among the slower four sextiles. For the fastest sextile, the odds for women were 1.96 (first pacing measure) and 1.36 (second measure) times greater than men to maintain the pace. For the fastest sextile, the odds for women were 0.46 (first measure) and 0.65 (second measure) times that of men to exhibit marked slowing. Multiple regression indicated that being older was associated with lesser slowing, but the sex difference among faster runners persisted when age was controlled.Conclusions.There was a sex difference in pacing during a 10 km race where glycogen depletion is not typically relevant. These results support the hypothesis that the sex difference in pacing partly reflects a sex difference in decision making.
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Primack, Alvin J. "Youth sexting and the First Amendment: Rhetoric and child pornography doctrine in the age of translation." New Media & Society 20, no. 8 (November 16, 2017): 2917–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461444817737297.
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Sexting has become a common mode of communicative sexual expression in the United States. Youths who sext with their peers are sometimes charged for the crime of producing and distributing child pornography. Such charges are inconsistent with the intent of American child pornography law, which is to protect children from abuse and exploitation. Understanding sext messages as a type of media content, this essay offers rhetorical translation as one strategy for identifying resources in Supreme Court doctrine to help distinguish between youth sexts and child pornography. Through rhetorical translation, this manuscript finds resources in four opinions concerning child pornography and the First Amendment for distinguishing sexting from child pornography. These distinctions pertain to how the two types of media are produced and distributed as demonstrated in a three-part interpretive model: motive and consent, privacy and consent, and market.
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Dias, Ana Rita, Catarina Conde, Leonor Fráguas, Paula Duarte, and Paula Costa Ferreira. "Do sexting ao cyberbullying : principais motivações por detrás do fenómeno." Revista @mbienteeducação 11, no. 3 (October 7, 2018): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.26843/ae19828632v11n32018p290a303.
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Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de esclarecer as motivações subjacentes ao fenómeno de sexting, bem como aquelas associadas à subsequente publicação das fotografias, e de deter- minar a frequência e prevalência de comportamentos relativos ao envio e publicação em ambos os sexos. Foram recolhidos casos reais, disponíveis na internet, dos quais foram selecionadas informações relativas às motivações de ambas as partes. Numa segunda fase, 40 indivíduos res- ponderam a um questionário sobre a mesma questão. Os resultados indicam o flirt/demonstração de interesse sexual como a principal motivação de envio e a humilhação como o principal motivo de publicação, sendo os sexts maioritariamente enviados pelo sexo feminino e publicados pelo sexo masculino. O estudo resultou na conclusão de que o sexting é um fenómeno bastante frequente, nomeadamente entre jovens adultos (18 aos 2 anos), sendo fundamental o estudo das motivações associadas ao fenómeno para a sua compreensão.
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Dias, Ana Rita, Catarina Conde, Leonor Fráguas, Paula Duarte, Paula Costa Ferreira, and Sidclay Bezerra de Souza. "Do sexting ao cyberbullying : principais motivações por detrás do fenómeno." Revista @mbienteeducação 11, no. 3 (October 7, 2018): 290. http://dx.doi.org/10.26843/ae19828632v11n32018p290a305.
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Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de esclarecer as motivações subjacentes ao fenómeno de sexting, bem como aquelas associadas à subsequente publicação das fotografias, e de deter- minar a frequência e prevalência de comportamentos relativos ao envio e publicação em ambos os sexos. Foram recolhidos casos reais, disponíveis na internet, dos quais foram selecionadas informações relativas às motivações de ambas as partes. Numa segunda fase, 40 indivíduos res- ponderam a um questionário sobre a mesma questão. Os resultados indicam o flirt/demonstração de interesse sexual como a principal motivação de envio e a humilhação como o principal motivo de publicação, sendo os sexts maioritariamente enviados pelo sexo feminino e publicados pelo sexo masculino. O estudo resultou na conclusão de que o sexting é um fenómeno bastante frequente, nomeadamente entre jovens adultos (18 aos 2 anos), sendo fundamental o estudo das motivações associadas ao fenómeno para a sua compreensão.
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Clancy, Elizabeth M., Bianca Klettke, and David J. Hallford. "The dark side of sexting – Factors predicting the dissemination of sexts." Computers in Human Behavior 92 (March 2019): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.11.023.
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Klettke, Bianca, David J. Hallford, Elizabeth Clancy, David J. Mellor, and John W. Toumbourou. "Sexting and Psychological Distress: The Role of Unwanted and Coerced Sexts." Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking 22, no. 4 (April 2019): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2018.0291.
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BELABAS, KARIM, and ÉTIENNE FOUVRY. "DISCRIMINANTS CUBIQUES ET PROGRESSIONS ARITHMÉTIQUES." International Journal of Number Theory 06, no. 07 (November 2010): 1491–529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042110003605.
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Nous calculons la densité des discriminants des corps sextiques galoisiens de groupe S3, démontrant un nouveau cas de la conjecture de Malle ainsi qu'un cas particulier de sa généralisation par Ellenberg et Venkatesh. Plus généralement, nous étudions la densité des discriminants de corps cubiques dans une progression arithmétique, avec une zone d'uniformité la plus large possible. We compute the density of discriminants of Galois sextic fields with group S3, thereby proving a new case of Malle's conjecture as well as a special case of its generalization by Ellenberg and Venkatesh. Further, we study the density of cubic discriminants in an arithmetic progression, in the largest possible uniformity with respect to the modulus.
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Shimada, Ichiro. "Lattice Zariski k-ples of plane sextic curves and Z-splitting curves for double plane sextics." Michigan Mathematical Journal 59, no. 3 (December 2010): 621–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1307/mmj/1291213959.
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Thomas, April Gile, and Elizabeth Cauffman. "Youth Sexting as Child Pornography? Developmental Science Supports Less Harsh Sanctions for Juvenile Sexters." New Criminal Law Review 17, no. 4 (2014): 631–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2014.17.4.631.
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It is critical that the legal and psychological issues surrounding youth sexting, a term derived from the joining of “sex” and “texting,” be considered. Based on current interpretations of the law, minors who engage in sexting can be charged with a felony offense and in some cases be required to register as a sex offender. Yet, when adults share sexually explicit photos of themselves, such behavior is protected under the First Amendment (provided the subject and the recipient of the image are consenting adults). The purpose of the present review is to examine the differential treatment of sexting by minors in the legal system and the controversy surrounding child pornography legislation. A brief history of child pornography legislation is provided, followed by a review of the existing literature on the prevalence and patterns of juvenile sexting. Available case law is summarized, with an emphasis on the consequences of sexting specifically for juveniles. The authors then address the developmental factors relevant to understanding youth sexting behavior. These considerations lead to a discussion of whether it is appropriate to consider adolescents culpable for such behavior and, if so, to what degree and under what circumstances. It is argued that sexting behavior be considered separate from child pornography, and as such, the authors propose that specific legislation be designed to address the unique situations in which sexting behavior occurs. Furthermore, based on developmental science, the authors conclude that juveniles should be considered less culpable for sexting behavior than adults, and recommend that the punishment for minors be more developmentally appropriate.
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Abrha, Kidan, Alemayehu Worku, Wondwossen Lerebo, and Yemane Berhane. "Sexting and high sexual risk-taking behaviours among school youth in northern Ethiopia: estimating using prevalence ratio." BMJ Sexual & Reproductive Health 45, no. 3 (April 27, 2019): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsrh-2018-200085.
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BackgroundIncreasing access to digital technology to young people in low-income settings has greatly influenced their porngraphy viewing and sexting, receiving and/or sending of sexual explicit materials via electronic devices. These change the sexual communication and behaviour of the young population. However, evidence to attest this change is not available in our setting. Thus, this study examined the relationship of high sexual risk-taking behaviour with sexting and pornography viewing among school youth in Ethiopia.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2015 by selecting school youth using a multistage sampling procedure. Data were collected using a pre-validated anonymous facilitator-guided self-administered questionnaire. Poisson regression was run to calculate adjusted prevalence ratio with its 95% confidence intervals. All differences were considered as significant for p values ≤0.05.ResultsIn total, 5924 questionnaires were distributed, and 5306 (89.57%) school youth responded in full to questions related to outcome variables. Of these respondents, 1220 (22.99%; 95% CI 19.45 to 26.96) were involved in high sexual risk-taking behaviour; 1769 (33.37%; 95% CI 30.52 to 36.35) had experienced sexting and 2679 (50.26%; 95% CI 46.92 to 53.61) were viewing pornography. The proportion of high sexual risk-taking behaviour was three-fold among pornography viewers (adjusted prevalence ratio (APR) 95% CI 3.02 (2.52 to 3.62)) and two-fold among sexters (APR 95% CI 2.48 (1.88 to 3.27)) as compared with their counterparts.ConclusionsExposure to sexually explicit materials via communication technology is associated with increased high sexual risk-taking behaviour among school youth in northern Ethiopia. Considering these emerged predictors of sexual behaviours in our sexual education programmes, further research in this area is essential.
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Oka, Mutsuo. "Alexander Polynomial of Sextics." Journal of Knot Theory and Its Ramifications 12, no. 05 (August 2003): 619–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218216503002676.
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Alexander polynomials of sextics are computed in the case of sextics with only simple singularities or sextics of torus type with arbitrary singularities. We will show that for irreducible sextics, there are only 4 possible Alexander polynomials: (t2-t+1)j, j=0,1,2,3. For the computation, we use the method of Libgober and Loeser-Vaquié [5, 7] and the classification result in our previous papers [12, 11].
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Tor, Shaul. "Sextus Empiricus on Xenophanes’ Scepticism." International Journal for the Study of Skepticism 3, no. 1 (2013): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221057012x630722.
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Sextus’ interpretation of Xenophanes’ scepticism in M 7.49–52 is often cited but has never been subject to detailed analysis. Such analysis reveals that Sextus’ interpretation raises far more complex problems than has been recognised. Scholars invariably assume one of two ways of construing his account of Xenophanes B34, without observing that the choice between these two alternatives poses an interpretive dilemma. Some scholars take it that Sextus ascribes to Xenophanes (i) the view that one may have knowledge without knowing that one has knowledge. Others take it that he ascribes to Xenophanes (ii) the view that one may have true belief without knowing that one has true belief. A close examination of Sextus’ paraphrase exposes a crucial but overlooked complication. Sextus elides Xenophanes’ pivotal distinction between knowing “the clear and certain” (to saphes) and believing “what has been fulfilled” (tetelesmenon). He eliminates altogether tetelesmenon from his analysis of B34, and expands the role of to saphes. I demonstrate that, as a result, Xenophanes B34, as interpreted by Sextus, does not consistently and straightforwardly express either view (i) or view (ii). Sextus, I argue, in fact develops a fundamentally incoherent interpretation of Xenophanes B34. On Sextus’ interpretation, Xenophanes justifies the proposition “No human knows” by arguing that, even if a human does, in fact, know, he does not know that he knows. Finally, I argue that Sextus’ incoherent account reflects not unthinking negligence, but a sophisticated if ultimately doomed attempt to interpret the logical structure of Xenophanes B34 in line with later models of second-order scepticism.
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Waterfield, Robin. "Sextus Empiricus." Ancient Philosophy 16, no. 1 (1996): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil19961611.
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Brittain, Charles. "Sextus Empiricus." Ancient Philosophy 19, no. 1 (1999): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil199919118.
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Castagnoli, Luca. "Sextus Empiricus." Ancient Philosophy 24, no. 1 (2004): 232–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/ancientphil200424121.
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Vitrac, Bernard, and Guillaume Dye. "Le Contre les géomètres de Sextus Empiricus: sources, cible, structure." Phronesis 54, no. 2 (2009): 155–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852809x403621.
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AbstractIn this paper, we examine Sextus Empiricus' treatise Against the geometers. We first set this treatise in the overall context of the sceptic's polemics against the liberal arts. After a discussion of Sextus' attitude to the quadrivium, we discuss the structure, the sources and the target of the Against the geometers. It appears that Euclid is not Sextus' source, and neither he, nor the professional geometers, seem to be Sextus' main targets. Of course, Sextus never really makes clear his precise target, but his attacks are rather directed against geometry as a means of modelling the physical world, thus ruining the support geometry was intended to bring to the physical part of dogmatic philosophy.
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Brouwer, René. "Hellenistic philosophers onPhaedrus229b–30a." Cambridge Classical Journal 54 (2008): 30–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1750270500000567.
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AtM.7.433 the sceptic Sextus Empiricus infers from the statement that the early Stoics did not profess themselves to be sages that ‘Cleanthes did not know whether he was a human being or a beast more complex than Typhon.’ Since in two other passages, atM.7.264 andPH2.22, Sextus ascribes (variations upon) this confession of ignorance to Socrates rather than Cleanthes, whom Sextus otherwise obviously presents as one of his dogmatic adversaries, it has been alleged that the reference to one of the heads of the Stoic school must simply have been a ‘wilful misreading’ on Sextus' behalf. As I hope to show, there are good reasons for Sextus to refer to a Stoic here, or rather even better reasons for a Stoic to have brought up this reference himself.As has been picked up well in modern scholarship, Sextus' inference atM.7.433 (as in the other two passages) ultimately refers back to the beginning of thePhaedrus, at 229e–30a, which contains an image (or perhaps even self-portrait) of Socrates.
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Choi, M. D., T. Y. Lam, and Bruce Reznick. "Even symmetric sextics." Mathematische Zeitschrift 195, no. 4 (December 1987): 559–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01166704.
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O’Grady, Kieran G. "EPW-sextics: taxonomy." Manuscripta Mathematica 138, no. 1-2 (June 28, 2011): 221–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00229-011-0472-7.
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Verde, Francesco. "Sul concetto di tempo nella critica scettica." PARADIGMI, no. 2 (July 2009): 169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/para2009-002015.
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- A particular section (§§ 169-247) of Sextus Empiricus' two books Against the Physicists is devoted to the doxographical and philosophical analysis of some que- 204 Paradigmi. Rivista di critica filosofica stions related to time, a subject of peculiar interest for Skeptical physical criticism. Paragraphs 189-247, which attempt to refute the existence of time from the skeptical point of view, form the really polemical section of Sextus' confutation. Focusing on sectionMX 189-214, I try to define the status quaestionis and to point out Sextus Empiricus' argumentative and philosophical originality.Keywords: Sextus Empiricus, Ancient Scepticism, Time, Notion, Confutation, Aporia.Parole chiave: Sesto Empirico, Scetticismo antico, Tempo, Concetto, Confutazione, Aporia.
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Wilck, Benjamin. "Can the Pyrrhonian Sceptic Suspend Belief Regarding Scientific Definitions?" History of Philosophy and Logical Analysis 23, no. 1 (September 8, 2020): 253–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/26664275-02301014.
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Abstract In this article, I tackle an heretofore unnoticed difficulty with the application of Pyrrhonian scepticism to scientific definitions. Sceptics can suspend belief regarding a dogmatic proposition only by setting up opposing arguments or considerations for and against that proposition. Since Sextus provides arguments exclusively against particular geometrical definitions in Adversus Mathematicos III, commentators have argued that Sextus’ method is not scepticism, but negative dogmatism. However, commentators have overlooked the fact that arguments or considerations in favour of particular geometrical definitions were absent in ancient geometry, and hence unavailable to Sextus. While this might explain why they are also absent from Sextus’ text, I survey and evaluate various strategies to supply arguments in support of particular geometrical definitions.