Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sexism'
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Demberg, Rebecca. "Linguistic sexism : A study of sexist language in a British online newspaper." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-36871.
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The aim of this study is to investigate the occurrence of sexist language-use in the British online newspaper The Daily Mail. The material consists of 162 articles that were analysed by using feminist stylistics. The scope of the study was limited to selected features from feminist stylistics at word- and discourse-level. The features of linguistic sexism analysed were the use of gendered generic words, naming of females and males and how female and male characters are described. The gender of the journalists was also analysed to examine if it affected the language-use in terms of sexism. The results show that linguistic sexism is expressed to some extent at both word-level and discourse-level. At word-level linguistic sexism is expressed inthe generic use of some masculine words, the difference of how first name and surname are used to refer to women and men and in the use of titles. At the level of discourse linguistic sexism is expressed in the difference of how women and men are referred to in terms of their relationship to others and in terms of appearance. The gender of the journalist did not show any significance for the language-use in terms of sexism. Considering the limited material of the study, the results might not be suitable for generalisations. The results are nonetheless interesting and it can be concluded that the toolkit of feminist stylistic is relevant to this day and that linguistic sexism exists to some extent in the online version of The Daily Mail.
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Uzbekova, Kandel Sabrina. "Är sexismen verkligen välvillig? : Kvinnor och mäns fyra tematiska uppfattningar av välvillig sexism." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-52523.
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Sexism är en form av diskriminering av en individ baserat på individens kön. Teorin om ambivalent sexism beskriver de två beståndsdelarna fientlig och välvillig sexism. Tidigare kvantitativa metoder och designer har begränsat individers möjligheter att utförligt beskriva attityder och uppfattningar av välvillig sexism. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa individers attityd och uppfattningar av välvillig sexistiskt tankesätt. Totalt 10 deltagare intervjuades om deras uppfattningar och inställning till 2 profiler varav en porträtterar välvillig sexism. Genom en kvalitativ tematisk analys med hermeneutisk ansats utformades 4 teman och 1 underteman. Resultatet visade att välvilligt sexistiskt tankesätt uppfattades som kontrollerande, emotionellt instabilt, dysfunktionellt och med gömda avsikter. Studiens resultat stödjer inte tidigare forskning när det kommer till positiva attityder och förhållningsätt till välvillig sexism. Däremot kompletterar resultatet tidigare kvantitativ forskning med nya data om individers negativa syn på välvillig sexism. Framtida studier inom ämnet skulle kunna utformas med mer fokus på enskilda grupper med andra sexuella läggningar.
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Tanner, Meagan C. "Was That Sexist?: Open-Mindedness Predicts Interpretation of Benevolent Sexism in Ambiguous Scenarios." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1617726203849271.
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Murray, Karin, and Andréa Borefur. "Belief in Sexism Shift (BSS): Har män blivit de nya offren för sexism? : Validering av ny sexismskala - Hur förhåller sig BSS till Modern sexism, personlighet och sexism på arbetsplatsen?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-194393.
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Judson, Stephanie Suzanne. "Sexist Discrimination and Gender Microaggressions: An Exploration of Current Conceptualizations of Women's Experiences of Sexism." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1404865988.
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Harper, Amney J. Carney Jamie S. "The relationship between experiences of sexism, ambivalent sexism, and relationship quality in heterosexual women." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Counselor_Education/Dissertation/Harper_Amney_52.pdf.
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Serra, Payeras Pedrona. "La perspectiva de género en los estudios de ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/402513.
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Esta tesis doctoral centra su atención en el análisis de la perspectiva de género en los estudios vinculados a la actividad física y el deporte. Para ello, se han formulado tres preguntas de investigación: 1) ¿Cuál es la evolución de la presencia de mujeres entre el alumnado y profesorado en los estudios vinculados a la familia de la actividad física y el deporte en Cataluña?, tratada a partir del análisis de los procesos de reproducción y cambio de los modelos tradicionales de género en la actividad física y el deporte, en el sistema educativo, y en el sistema universitario; 2) ¿Qué factores influyen en el interés del alumnado de 4º de ESO y 1º de Bachillerato hacia los estudios y el campo profesional de CAFyD?, que se aborda desde los planteamientos de la teoría cognitiva social del desarrollo de la carrera; y, 3) ¿Cómo se incluye la perspectiva de género en los planes de estudio del grado de CAFyD en España?, para la que se tienen en cuenta la teoría de la construcción social del discurso pedagógico y las phase theories de la perspectiva de género.
Se han desarrollado tres métodos de investigación diferentes, cada uno de los cuales se ha diseñado para dar respuesta a una de estas preguntas. El primer método utilizado consiste en el análisis de datos secundarios, a partir de la recopilación de datos históricos de matriculación y profesorado de los diferentes estudios relacionados con la actividad física y el deporte (desde ciclos formativos hasta estudios de doctorado) en Cataluña. Para responder al segundo interrogante se ha utilizado la encuesta estandarizada por cuestionario. El diseño de la muestra se ha realizado mediante el muestreo estratificado por conglomerados polietápico. Se ha recogido un total de 4.146 casos de Cataluña, la Comunidad de Madrid y Galicia. En la tercera y última pregunta de investigación se han analizado los materiales curriculares de grado de 16 universidades públicas españolas que imparten el grado universitario de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte, seleccionadas mediante un muestreo por criterio. Mediante el método de análisis de contenido, se han analizado 16 memorias académicas y 763 guías docentes.
Los resultados obtenidos revelan una clara tendencia a la disminución de la presencia femenina en los estudios vinculados con las ciencias de la actividad física y el deporte, tanto entre el alumnado como entre el profesorado. Con relación al desarrollo del interés del alumnado de 4º de ESO y 1º de Bachillerato hacia el campo académico y profesional del grado universitario de CAFyD, los resultados del estudio constatan la importancia del apoyo social hacia las y los adolescentes, las expectativas de resultado hacia el campo de las CAFyD, así como los objetivos personales formulados hacia el futuro académico y profesional. Por último, en la tercera pregunta de investigación los resultados han desvelado diferentes niveles de incorporación de la perspectiva de género en los materiales curriculares del grado universitario mencionado así como diferentes discursos para abordar las cuestiones de género.
A partir del análisis de los datos de esta investigación y la revisión teórica desarrollada, finalmente se ha articulado un modelo teórico que recoge y relaciona el conjunto de elementos que permiten comprender cuál es la situación de los estudios de CAFyD desde la perspectiva de género. En definitiva, considerando el conjunto de procesos institucionales, sociales, culturales y pedagógicos que intervienen en el campo de la educación física, la actividad física y el deporte, se constata que es necesaria la transformación de los modelos y relaciones de género en las CAFyD para dar respuesta a la problemática observada.This dissertation focuses on the analysis of the gender perspective in training programmes related to physical activity and sport. To this end, three research questions were addressed: 1) What is the evolution of women’s presence among students and teachers in training programmes in the field of physical activity and sport in Catalonia?, tackled analysing the reproduction and change processes of traditional gender patterns in physical activity and sport, in the education system and in the university system; 2) What factors influence the interest of students of 4th ESO and 1st Bachillerato towards training programmes and careers in the field of PASS?, which was approached from the Social Cognitive Theory of Career Development; and, 3) How is the gender perspective integrated into the curriculum of the bachelor’s degree in PASS in Spain?, in which both the Theory of Social Construction of Pedagogical Discourse and Phase Theories of gender issues have been considered. Three different research methods were developed, each of which was designed to address one of these questions. First, the analysis of secondary data from historical records of enrolment and faculty of different programmes related to physical activity and sport in Catalonia. Second, an ad hoc questionnaire on the interest of students towards these programmes in Catalonia, Madrid and Galicia (n=4146). Third, content analysis of curricular materials (16 programme specification documents and 763 course handbooks) in 16 Spanish public universities offering the bachelor’s degree in PASS, selected through criterion sampling. Based on the data analysis and the theory review, the author developed a theoretical model. This model brings together and connects the set of elements that allow us to understand the status quo of PASS programmes from a gender perspective.
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Ågren, Linda. "Linguistic sexism in mermaid tales : a study of linguistic sexism involving the mermaid figure in films." Thesis, Högskolan Kristianstad, Sektionen för lärande och miljö, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-11764.
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Sambati, Giulia. "Sexism and Jokes: a Case Study." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/13800/.
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The aim of this paper is to analyse how the interviewees reacted to sexist jokes and to compare it to how they reacted to sexist statements, in order to find out if there is a discrepancy between what people perceive as humour and a serious statement. The interviewees filled out a questionnaire made up of three statements on three of the most common sexist remarks and of three sexist jokes related to the statements. The case study highlights that there are two tendencies: the interviewees either agreed or disagreed with both the statement and the joke, or they disagreed with one and agreed with the other, showing that is it possible to laugh at something with which we do not necessarily agree.
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Sandelin, Håkan, and Fredrik Lenell. "Ambivalent sexism i ett mansdominerat industriföretag." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-8558.
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Studiens syfte var att undersöka ambivalent sexism på ett mansdominerat industriföretag. Ambivalent sexism är ett begrepp som innefattar två typer av sexism, fientlig (hostile) och välmenande (benevolent). Glick och Fiskes verktyg Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) användes i undersökningen. Deltagarna bestod av 744 anställda i organisationen. Studien visade att graden av ambivalent sexism var förhållandevis låg. I organisationen var män mer sexistiska än kvinnor och arbetare var mer sexistiska än tjänstemän. Då social önskvärdhet antogs kunna vara en felkälla undersöktes samband mellan denna variabel och sexismvariablerna, inga starka samband kunde påvisas. Studien visade starka samband mellan fientlig- och välmenande sexism i likhet med tidigare studier. Delar av resultatet motsätter sig tidigare teori och tänkbara anledningar till detta diskuteras.
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Lyons, Bobbie Alexander. "Racism, Sexism and Ageism in America." W&M ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625704.
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Santana, Marleny da Penha Oliveira. "Atuação feminina em profissões consideradas masculinas: O caso da Informática." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2009. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2018.
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Previous issue date: 2009-04-22This study aims at investigating prejudice against women through the men's opinions regarding to feminine insertion in a profession considered masculine: information technology. Specifically, we planned to answer to the following question: how do men evaluate women that act in professions of masculine prevalence? Our sample was constituted by 253 men. Of these, 54.2% were information technology students and 45.8% were emplyees in two information technology companies, one federal and one municipal. The mean age was 31.4 years (DP=10.7 years), with minimum of 18 and maximum 58 year-old. Two thirds of participants (66.6%) were married or lived with somebody. The participants answered a questionnaire formed by open questions and Likert-type scales. Taken together, the results indicate that the adhesion to the hostile sexism and the benevolent sexism co-exist among the participants, however, a tendency exists to higher levels of hostile sexism among the students. Those results are discussed from the perspective of the Theory of the Realistic Conflicts (Sherif, 1967).
Este estudo tem como objetivo principal investigar o preconceito contra as mulheres por meio das opiniões dos homens a respeito da inserção feminina em uma profissão considerada masculina: a tecnologia da informação. Especificamente, planejamos responder à seguinte questão: como os homens avaliam mulheres que atuam em profissões de predomínio masculino? Nossa amostra foi constituída por 253 homens, dos quais 54,2% eram estudantes da área de informática e 45,8% atuavam em duas empresas de tecnologia da informação, uma federal e outra municipal. A idade média foi de 31,4 anos (DP=10,7 anos), com idade mínima de 18 e máxima de 58 anos. Dois terços dos participantes (66,6%) eram casados ou moravam junto com alguém. Os participantes responderam a um questionário formado por questões abertas e em formato Likert. Tomados em conjunto, os resultados indicam que tanto a adesão ao sexismo hostil quanto ao benevolente co-existem entre os participantes, no entanto, existe uma tendência ao sexismo hostil ser mais alta entre os estudantes. Esses resultados são discutidos à luz da Teoria dos Conflitos Realistas (Sherif, 1967).
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Lawrence, Cecile Ann. "Rhygin's vortex art as medicine for race/gender fixations in Jamaica and the U.S. /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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Chu, Po Sen. "The relationships between social support and three forms of sexism: can social support alleviate the effects of sexism?" Diss., Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8775.
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Doctor of PhilosophyDepartment of Psychology
Donald A. Saucier
Research on contemporary sexism suggests that sexism has many different forms and they influence women differently. Evidence shows that women who experience subtle forms of sexism (e.g., modern and benevolent sexism) feel anxious and less competent, yet are less likely to identify these forms of sexism as prejudice against women. Because research suggests that social support is related to better psychological outcomes, we hypothesized that higher levels of perceived social support would be associated with better psychological outcomes among female participants who experienced sexism. In addition, receiving a supportive message after experiencing sexism would buffer the negative psychological effects of sexism, and thus the participants would perform better on a problem-solving task. However, the results only partially supported the hypotheses. Higher levels of perceived social support were indeed associated with better psychological outcomes, but participants who experienced sexism did not differ significantly from those who did not experience sexism regarding psychological outcomes. Further, receiving social support after experiencing sexism did not produce significant improvements on the problem-solving task, though participants who experienced modern sexism did report an increase in hostile affect if they did not receive social support. Possible reasons for the findings are discussed.
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Udala, Megan Rose. "Racism and sexism influences on sentencing decisions." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58664.
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There is a large body of research pertaining to sentencing decisions and the factors that affect it. This thesis investigates three factors: (a) race of the perpetrator (b) sex of the perpetrator and (c) the victim’s relationship to the perpetrator. In Canada, Aboriginal offenders comprise 20% of the federal prison population and only 3% of the general population (Statistics Canada, 2012). Further, research suggests a sex difference in criminal sentencing, with males being convicted more often and for longer than their female counterparts (Auerhahn, 2007; Rodriguez, Curry, & Lee, 2006). In addition, the relationship of the victim to the perpetrator may also influence sentence length. For example, a woman in Canada who murders a non-relative child may receive a first-degree murder charge and a sentence of life in prison; however, if she murders her own child she may receive a lesser charge of infanticide and only five years in prison (R.S., c. C-34, s. 216). In this study, participants were randomly assigned to one of eight conditions where the perpetrator’s race, sex, and relationship to the victim were manipulated. Participants were instructed to indicate a perceived seriousness rating of the crime and to allocate a sentencing decision. The results of this study suggested female First Nations perpetrators received a lower perceived seriousness rating for their crime if they murdered their own child, paralleling the leniency found with the Canadian infanticide law. The opposite was found for male First Nations perpetrators. Male First Nation perpetrators received a higher perceived seriousness rating for their crime if they murdered their own child. In addition, results for sentencing length showed females received a significantly shorter sentence length. Specifically, I found that a female First Nations perpetrator who murders her own child was treated more leniently than all other conditions for both seriousness ratings and sentence lengths. The findings of this study elucidate the influential bias of race, sex, and victim relationship in sentencing decisions and contribute to understanding how the Canadian criminal justice system may be more equitable.Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences (Okanagan)
Psychology, Department of (Okanagan)
Graduate
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Alksnis, Christine. "Sexism, stereotyping, and the gender wage gap." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ55614.pdf.
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Vaughn-Blount, Kelli M. "Psychologist-historians : historying women & benevolent sexism /." Read thesis online Read thesis appendix online, 2008. http://library.uco.edu/UCOthesis/Vaughn-BlountKM2008.pdf.
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Lezis, Israelsson Jennifer. "Sexism and gender equality at trade shows." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33071.
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Alt, Nicholas Peter. "Empowered to Confront: Power and Confronting Sexism." W&M ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626777.
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Kuchynka, Sophie. "Prejudice Asymmetry: The Cultural Acceptance of Sexism." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7833.
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Sexism tends to be a culturally accepted form of prejudice. I propose the relatively strong trivialization of societal sexism stems from the unique benefits that men receive from the gender status hierarchy, compared to other types of group-based hierarchies. Three studies examined why people, men in particular, trivialize or justify gender bias in relation to other types of group-based biases. Study 1 was a correlational study that examined whether participants downplay the existence and social harm of gender bias in relation to racial, religious, and sexual orientation bias, moderated by participant gender. Participants reported stronger trivialization and denial of gender bias, compared to other three types of bias. Study 2 experimentally tested whether White men’s justifications for gender bias, in relation to racial bias, stems from the dyadic benefits men receive in interpersonal relationships with women. White men high in proximal benefits reported stronger essentialist justifications in the gender bias, compared to the racial bias condition. Study 3 examined whether heterosexual men, compared to heterosexual women and gay men, endorse stronger justifications for gender bias, compared to sexual orientation bias. Heterosexual men endorsed stronger essentialist justifications in the gender bias, compared to the sexual orientation bias condition. Implications of these findings are discussed.
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Balarezo, López Gunther. "Los premios Darwin: La ciencia de lo absurdo." Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/625998.
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Los Premios Darwin son otorgados de forma póstuma a personas que han realizado un acto estúpido y han perdido la vida como consecuencia de dicho acto, por lo que parte del supuesto que el ser humano menos dotado genéticamente, no sobrevive. Para ello, se hizo una revisión bibliográfica en internet (google académico y descriptor DeCS), debido a que no se encontró información en otras fuentes. Este premio ha despertado la curiosidad de los investigadores para explicar las razones por las que los hombres se exponen más que las mujeres a situaciones peligrosas, llegando a postular la “teoría de la idiotez masculina”.The Darwin Awards are awarded posthumously to people who have performed a stupid act and have lost their lives as a result of that act, so part of the assumption that the human less endowed genetically, does not survive. To do this, a bibliographical review was made on the internet (Google Sscholar and descriptor DeCS), because no information was found in other sources. This award has aroused the curiosity of researchers to explain the reasons why men expose themselves more than women to dangerous situations, even postulating the “male idiocy theory”.
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Hammarqvist, Kristensen Johanna. "Språklig sexism i läromedel : En studie om språklig sexism i läromedel skapade för kurserna svenska B och svenska 2." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-84498.
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2011 kom en ny läroplan för gymnasieskolan och med den nya kursplaner. I kursplanen för svenska 2 skrivs det explicit ut att både kvinnliga och manliga författarskap skall behandlas. Detta var en ny formulering jämfört med den tidigare kursplanen för svenska B som endast specificerar att författarskap skall behandlas. Denna studie undersöker ett läromedel ur var kurs för att avgöra om det finns exempel på språklig sexism i dessa på både en lexikal nivå och en diskursnivå samt hur många kvinnliga och manliga författare som blir omnämnda och behandlade. På den lexikala nivån undersöks hur kvinnor och män namnges, könsneutrala och könsspecifika substantiv, adjektiven kvinnlig och manlig och könsneutral användning av pronomen. På diskursnivå undersöks hur kvinnliga och manliga författare beskrivs utifrån deras utseende och relationer. Det görs både en kvantitativ och en kvalitativ analys av de ovannämnda språkliga företeelserna. Studien finner att det finns ett ojämnt språkbruk i materialet som pekar mot språklig sexism. Detta visar sig främst i hur kvinnliga och manliga författare namnges, beskrivs utifrån sina relationer samt att kvinnorna i materialet blir markerade i högre grad än männen.In 2011 a new curriculum for Swedish upper secondary school was created. In the syllabus for Svenska 2 it is made explicit that both female and male authors should be addressed which was not the case for the syllabus for Svenska B. The syllabus for Svenska B only states that important authors should be addressed with no mention of the genders of the authors. This study examines a textbook created for each course in order to determine whether there are examples of linguistic sexism in these. This examination is performed at both a lexical level and a discourse level as well as an examination of how many female and male authors that are mentioned and discussed in the material. At the lexical level the naming practices of women and men are examined as well as generic and gender specific nouns, the adjectives kvinnlig and manlig and generic use of pronouns. At the level of discourse descriptions of female and male authors appearances and relations are examined. A quantitative and qualitative method of analysing the above-mentioned linguistic features is employed. The study concludes that females and males are written about differently which indicates examples of linguistic sexism. This is mainly expressed in the way females and males are named in the material, descriptions of their relations and the fact that women in the material are marked to a higher extent than men.
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Campbell, Dawna Jeanette. "Demographic Variables as Moderators Between Benevolent Sexism and Relationship Satisfaction." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3932.
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Romantic relationship satisfaction relates to better overall health, and identifying factors that affect relationship satisfaction could lead to better understanding of romantic relationships. This study examined the correlation between benevolent sexism, a subtle form of sexism resembling chivalry and relationship satisfaction; gender, age, ethnicity, religious beliefs, education, and length of time were also considered as moderators. The ambivalent sexism theory, which posits that sexism is ambivalent and ranges from hostile to benevolent sexism was the theoretical framework guiding this study. Previous research indicated benevolent sexism may predict relationship satisfaction. However, there remained an important gap in the literature; the demographic variables above had not been considered as moderators in those analyses. Thus, the purpose of this non-experimental study using data collected from a U.S. sample of adults who had been in romantic relationships for at least 1 year was to determine if such links existed. Correlation and regression analyses revealed that benevolent sexism, measured by the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory did not predict relationship satisfaction, measured by the Relationship Assessment Scale, and none of the demographic variables served as moderators. Results were trending toward significance though, suggesting that benevolent sexism might influence women's relationship satisfaction. Further research using longitudinal, mixed-method studies of dyads is recommended to gain a clearer understanding of this phenomenon. Findings would make important contributions to existing literature and enhance social change by providing professionals and individuals with awareness of how benevolent sexist attitudes may affect relationship satisfaction.
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Zubieta, Elena, Fernanda Sosa, and Alejandro Torres. "Ambivalent sexism, stereotypes and values in military population." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99953.
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The increasing presence of women in the public sphere has provoked cultural changes that affect social cognition. These changes implicate social organizations such as the Military. Focusing the interest in approaching modern forms of prejudice in terms of gender inequalities, we studied ambivalent sexism attitudes, values and social dominance orientation in a sample of 238 males and females from the National Military School training to become officials. Results show the presence of sexist attitudes. In sex roles and gender typing, female participants show an androgynous stereotype probably related to the need to present themselves closer to men in order to assume leadership.El incremento de la presencia femenina en la esfera pública ha provocado cambios culturales que repercuten en la cognición social en términos de expectativas en función del género. Estos cambios interpelan a las organizaciones sociales entre las que se encuentran las Fuerzas Armadas. Desde las formas modernas del prejuicio, se desarrolló un estudio orientado a indagar actitudes de sexismo ambivalente, valores y dominancia social en un grupo de 238 cadetes de ambos sexos del Colegio Militar de la Nación. Los resultados muestran la presencia de actitudes sexistas. En roles sexuales y tipicidad de género las participantes mujeres muestran un estereotipo andrógino, asociado probablemente a la necesidad de presentarse de manera contra estereotípica para funcionar como líderes.
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Vaamonde, Juan Diego, and Alicia Omar. "Perceptions of organizational justice and ambivalent sexism: The moderating role of individualism-collectivism." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/101387.
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The aim of the present study was to explore the association between perceptions of inter- personal/informational justice and ambivalent sexism among Argentinean employees, and to examine the possible role that collectivism and individualism exert on this association. Participants (128 men and 120 women) completed a battery of instruments to measure the variables of interest. Results showed that perceptions of interpersonal and informational justice were negatively associated with hostile sexism, and that, unexpectedly, perceptions of informational justice were positively associated with benevolent sexism. Vertical collectivism and vertical individualism moderated the relationships between perceptions of interpersonal justice and hostile sexism. Findings are discussed in light of their theoretical and practical implications. Suggestions for future research are provided.El objetivo del estudio fue, por un lado, explorar las relaciones entre percepciones de jus- ticia interpersonal/informacional y sexismo ambivalente en empleados argentinos, y, por otro lado, examinar el posible rol que el individualismo y el colectivismo ejercen sobre tales relaciones. Los participantes (128 varones y 120 mujeres) completaron una batería de reconocidos instrumentos para medir las variables de interés. Los resultados mostraron que las percepciones de justicia interpersonal e informacional se relacionaron negativamente con sexismo hostil y que, inesperadamente, la justicia informacional se asoció positivamente con sexismo benévolo. Colectivismo vertical e individualismo vertical moderaron las rela- ciones entre justicia interpersonal y sexismo hostil. Se discuten las implicaciones teóricas y prácticas de estos hallazgos. Se sugieren futuras investigaciones en el área. Palabras clave: sexismo, valores, justicia interpersonal, justicia informacional
O objetivo do presente estudo foi, por um lado, explorar as relações entre as percepções de justiça interpessoal/informacional e sexismo em trabalhadores argentinos, e, por outro lado, examinar o possível papel desempenhado pelo individualismo e coletivismo em tais relações. Os participantes (128 homens e 120 mulheres) completaram uma bateria de ins- trumentos reconhecidos para medir as variáveis de interesse. Os resultados mostraram que as percepções de justiça interpessoal e informacional foram negativamente relacionadas com o sexismo hostil e, inesperadamente, as percepções de justiça informacional foram positi- vamente associadas com o sexismo benevolente. O coletivismo vertical e o individualismo vertical moderaram as relações entre justiça interpersonal e sexismo hostil. Discutem-se as implicações teóricas e práticas destes resultados. Sugestões para futuras pesquisas são feitas.
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El-yassir, Haebat. "Ambivalent sexism och stereotypiska attityder : Kvinnor i ledarskapspositioner." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för hälsa, vård och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-38408.
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Syften med studien var att undersöka om en kvinna uppfattas vara lika lämplig som en man till en ledarskapsposition samt om män innehar högre grad sexistiska attityder i jämförelse med kvinnor. Deltagare var 72 studenter (36 kvinnor och 36 män) i åldrarna 20–34 (M = 23) från en stad i Mellansverige. Deltagarna läste en vinjett om en manlig eller kvinnlig chef och skattade chefens egenskaper och förmågan att genomföra ett förändringsarbete. Därefter fyllde de i Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI) och Swedish Modern Sexism Scale (SMSS). Resultatet visade att chefens kön inte påverkade bedömningen av chefens lämplighet. Men männen ansåg tillskillnad mot kvinnorna, att chefen var mindre lämplig. Hypotesen angående könsskillnader i sexism bekräftades inte eftersom män och kvinnor skattade lika i ASI och SMMS. Slutsatser som drogs var att studenter inte associerar maskulinitet med ledarskapspositioner och att de innehar låg grad av sexistiska attityder.-
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Witzigreuter, Dani. "How RAs understand sexism at Ball State University." Virtual Press, 2000. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1180781.
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This study provides a compelling, comprehensive argument regarding how Resident Assistants (RAs) understand sexism at Ball State University. The evidence asserts gender privilege and sexism are prevalent on the campus. The findings substantiate that many RAs have witnessed instances, or become victims of sexism while at Ball State University. The evidence further demonstrates RAs value education on sexism for themselves and their residents. The findings indicate RAs both feel responsibility, and are expected to provide this education to residents. However, the evidence also illustrates RAs are in prime roles for promoting holistic learning but receive neither the appropriate training nor education needed to teach residents about sexism. Implementing training and education for RAs will decrease instances of, and misunderstandings about sexism. This will help faculty members, administrators, student affairs professionals, RAs, and others educate through prevention in order to best serve the students at Ball State University.Department of Educational Leadership
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Masser, Barbara. "The ambivalent sexism inventory : a social psychological evaluation." Thesis, University of Kent, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263735.
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Clark, Emily K. "The role of romantic goals in sexism confrontation." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1375712170.
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Procter, Isabelle. "Sexism and its existence in Pre-primary classes." Thesis, Procter, Isabelle (1986) Sexism and its existence in Pre-primary classes. Masters by Research thesis, Murdoch University, 1986. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/40823/.
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Literature ABSTRACT about childhood attitudes on sex roles has shown that sexism has already taken root by the time the child is three years old. By this age, activities children have already learned that different characteristics, and behaviours are expected of males and females. In fact, sex-role stereotyping as a form of sexism is prevalent in the lives of young children.
This dissertation focuses on the exploration of the factors that influence the existence or elimination of sexism in education in terms of young children's sex-role stereotyping in preprimary classes. In Western Australia the preprimary stage, i.e. the year the child turns five years old is currently considered to be the child's first experience of schooling. To effect this exploration a project was initiated and planned by this writer who acted as researcher and undertook the roles of participant-observer and interviewer. The project involved the observations of preprimary classrooms and informant interviews.
A sociological phenomenologist stance was assumed for the project. In keeping with this stance descriptions of a more wholistic nature are presented in the context of a detailed case study. The development of some conceptualization of the sociological relationships of influence factors was generated. A feature of this conceptualization was the focus on the preprimary class as a total environment and the nature of the educator's role. Although this dissertation relates specifically to preprimary classes and schools in Western Australia, it may have relevance for similar educational settings in other places.
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Hedley, Mark. "Sentiments of sexism: Cultural transmission and men's motivation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186762.
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This work fulfills a three-fold purpose. First, it identifies and conceptualizes patriarchal imposition as a social problem. Patriarchal imposition refers to a category of micro-level, social interaction in which male actors attain desired social outcomes at the expense of female actors. Date rape provides an example of such imposition. Second, this work elaborates an integrative theoretical understanding of the socio-cultural production of patriarchal imposition by joining three diverse paradigms: abstract individualism, social rationalism, and identity maintenance. Integration is accomplished by providing elaborations of each paradigm separately, by critically comparing propositions generated from each paradigm, and by treating mutually exclusive propositions as suggesting alternative pathways in the production of social action. This integration yields three central propositions: (1) the socio-cultural presentation of stereotypically dominant male identities and stereotypically submissive female identities influences men's motivation for patriarchal imposition, (2) the socio-cultural presentation of gendered conflicts of interest with respect to outcomes of social interaction influences men's motivation for patriarchal imposition, and (3) the socio-cultural presentation of males as disproportionately successful in attaining desired outcomes in gendered conflict influences men's motivation for patriarchal imposition. In addressing the third purpose, this work applies a unique method of content analysis on a sample of popular motion pictures, the top-ten box-office successes for each year 1986-1990. This content analysis deconstructs the sample into an aggregate data set of gendered relationships and interaction events of gendered conflict. Statistical procedures of logistic regression are applied to this data, and results support each central proposition. Qualitative interpretation of the data provide further support and also identify emergent themes in the cultural portrayal of gendered conflict. These results indicate that paradigmatic debate of patriarchal culture's influence on men's motivation disguises the reality that varying perspectives offer similar conclusions, namely that patriarchal culture does influence men's motivation for patriarchal imposition in various ways. The real debate concerns the politics of social change.
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Clement-Pessiani, Céline. "Derrière chaque (grand) homme, il y a une femme...qui accepte de rester derrière : comprendre l'acceptation du sexisme bienveillant par les femmes et son adoption par les hommes : l'approche des rôles de sexe." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100189/document.
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Cette recherche articule les concepts de sexisme bienveillant et de rôle de sexe pour tenter d’expliquer pourquoi les hommes se montrent sexistes bienveillants envers les femmes et surtout pourquoi les femmes l’approuvent. Nous poursuivrons trois objectifs principaux. Dans la première partie de ce travail, nous ferons l’hypothèse que le sexisme bienveillant est en fait une composante du rôle de sexe des femmes et des hommes, avec des attentes différentes selon le sexe. La deuxième partie sera centrée sur les femmes. D’après la littérature, le sexisme bienveillant a des conséquences négatives pour elles. Nous chercherons à savoir si les femmes peuvent simplement le rejeter sans être jugées négativement. Nous postulerons que l'attitude d’une femme quant au sexisme bienveillant détermine si elle sera acceptée ou rejetée. Si elle ne l’approuve pas, alors elle perdra en féminité perçue parce qu’elle déviera de son rôle. Puis, nous établirons que réaffirmer son adhésion à son rôle de sexe lui permettra de rejeter le sexisme bienveillant sans être perçue comme déviante. Enfin, nous nous tournerons vers les hommes. Nous identifierons les circonstances dans lesquelles les femmes peuvent préférer les hommes anti-sexisme bienveillant et où les hommes perçoivent le sexisme bienveillant comme un désavantage. Neuf expériences réalisées sur un total de 684 personnes viendront valider ces hypothèses. Cette thèse propose une explication à l’acceptation et l’expression des attitudes et comportements de sexisme bienveillant observés dans la littérature et attire l'attention sur la difficulté pour les femmes de repousser cette forme spécifique de sexismeThis research connects the concepts of benevolent sexism and sex roles to try to explain why men are benevolent sexists towards women and most importantly why women approve it. We will pursue three main goals. In the first part of this work, we will hypothesize that benevolent sexism is in fact a component of women’s and men’s sex role, with different expectations depending on one’s sex. The second part will be centered on women. According to the literature, benevolent sexism has negative consequences on them. We will seek to know if women can simply reject it without being judged negatively. We will hypothesize that a woman’s attitude regarding benevolent sexism determines whether she is accepted or rejected. If she does not approve of it, then she will be perceived as less feminine because she will be deviating from her role. Then, we will show that reaffirming her adhesion to her sex role will allow her to reject benevolent sexism without being perceived as a deviant. Lastly, we will turn to men. We will identify the circumstances in which women can prefer men rejecting benevolent sexism and where men perceive benevolent sexism as a disadvantage. Nine experiments made on a total of 684 people will confirm these hypothesizes. This thesis offers an explanation to the acceptance and the expression of benevolent sexist attitudes and behaviors observed in the literature and attracts reader’s attention to how difficult it is for women to reject this specific form of sexism
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Hammarqvist, Kristensen Johanna. "Linguistic sexism in a digitally native news outlet : A study on linguistic sexism at lexical and discourse levels in Buzzfeed News." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-71404.
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In 2018, most news articles are consumed online from a digitally native news outlet and it is therefore appropriate to examine the presence of linguistic sexism in the digitally native news site Buzzfeed News. The material is made up of 159 articles collected from Buzzfeed News. Selected features at the lexical and discourse levels are analysed using a quantitative method with qualitative elements. The selected features at the lexical level include generic pronouns and nouns, focused on the affix -man- and naming practices for females and males. At the discourse level, the selected features include how females and males are described in terms of their relationships, appearance and age-related words. Linguistic sexism is found to be expressed at both the lexical and discourse levels in the material. It is mainly expressed in naming practices, the use of relationship words and age-related words.Dagens nyhetskonsument får, enligt studier, de flesta av sina nyheter från källor online och då främst från digitalt inhemska nyhetskällor, också känt som digitally native news outlets. Detta innebär att det därför är lämpligt att undersöka närvaron av språklig sexism i den digitally native news outlet Buzzfeed News. Materialet i studien består av 159 artiklar insamlade från Buzzfeed News. Utvalda språkliga markörer på ord- och diskursnivå är analyserade med hjälp av en kvantitativ metod med kvalitativa element. De utvalda markörerna på ordnivå inkluderar generiska pronomen och substantiv med fokus på affixet -man- och hur kvinnor och män namnges. De utvalda markörerna på diskursnivå som studeras inkluderarar hur kvinnor och män beskrivs vad gäller deras relationer till andra, utseende och åldersrelaterade ord. Språklig sexism finns uttryckt både på ord- och diskursnivå i materialet och det är huvudsakligen uttryckt i hur kvinnor och män namnges, användandet av relationsord och åldersrelaterade ord.
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Hellebrandová, Kateřina. "Vhodnost využití marketingových trendů na příkladu fenoménu twerku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-202120.
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The theoretical part of this thesis describes marketing in the field of culture, particularly dance, and it defines today's Internet world. It focuses on the tools and the most important aspects of current marketing practices. It also defines the dance 'twerk' examining its history, present and also the reasons why it became an international sensation. The practical part is then devoted to a detailed analysis of three subjects - dancer Aneta Antošová, STAGE Prague dance studio and Ballet of the National Theatre Brno. By a comparison of quantitative data of the 'before and after twerk marketing' period the thesis is trying to evaluate the applicability and success of this marketing decision. Qualitative expert interviews with big names of Czech dance and marketing fields are accompanying the analysis.
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Ak, Kurt Deniz. "Glass Cliff In Relation To Hostile And Benevolent Sexism." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613851/index.pdf.
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The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the glass cliff phenomenon and two forms of sexism: hostile sexism (HS) and benevolent sexism (BS). Glass cliff refers to the tendency to endorse a woman candidate for a normally desirable, high-status position at the time of downfall or when things are not going well. A questionnaire package was first administered to a working people sample (N = 328) with diverse occupational backgrounds. Based on the analyses and findings, to be able to eliminate the potential confounding effect of the order of the scales in the package, the study was repeated on a student sample (N = 147). Finally, analyses were repeated after the data from both samples were combined. Results showed no evidence for 1) the presence of glass cliff and 2) the presence of a relationship between glass cliff and two forms of sexism. The results from both samples were discussed, presenting some plausible explanations for the findings. Limitations of the study and suggestions for future research are also presented.
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Garn, Eric M. "Death, Power and Sexism in "Temblor" by Rosa Montero." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1352921304.
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McMahon, Jean Marie. "Benevolent Sexism and Racial Stereotypes: Targets, Functions, and Consequences." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4227.
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In this dissertation, I present three manuscripts in which I integrate race into an ambivalent sexism framework using experimental, correlational, and cross-sectional methods. The first paper tests whether a female's race acts as a subtype to differentially elicit benevolent sexism (BS). Two experiments demonstrated that BS is more strongly associated with White women than Black women. The second paper explores the relationship between protective paternalism (a subcomponent of BS), anti-minority attitudes, and threat. Threat was associated with stronger endorsement of protective paternalism and a corresponding increase in anti-minority attitudes, particularly for White men, implicating BS in the maintenance of racial inequality. Finally, my third study investigated potential real-world consequences of the differential application of BS to Black and White women in the context of police responses to intimate partner violence (IPV). Officers were more likely to file supplemental paperwork for White victims than Black victims, and were most likely to do so when encountering a White victim and a Black suspect. White victims were also written about with a greater "risk focus", consistent with BS. In sum, chapter II establishes racial differences in who receives BS, chapter III demonstrates how paternalistic protections of White women are racialized, and chapter IV reveals how the intersection of BS with racial stereotypes may impact women seeking help from police. This dissertation is the first investigation in the social psychological literature of how race informs the targets, function, and consequences of BS.
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Carroll, Whitney E. "Perceptions of Subtle Sexism in the Higher Education Workplace." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/587038.
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Educational LeadershipEd.D.
The purpose of this study was to determine how higher education administrators, faculty, and staff are able to identify subtle sexism, and indicate how they perceive it in the higher education workplace. Past research has also shown micro-aggressions lead to hostility and uncertainty in the workplace (Swim et al., 1995, 1997; Tougas et al., 1995). The design of this study does not allow for casual inference but data from the pilot study indicate that contemporary sexism in the workplace impacts men, women, and the LGBTQ community.This was a mixed methods study that included a survey and one-on-one interviews. There were a total of 232 participants and 12 one-on-one interviews. The majority of participants were heterosexual, white women. Three new measures of sexism were identified during data analysis: attitudes and behaviors of sexism (Historic Sexism Scale and Contemporary Sexism Scale) and identifying cases of subtle sexism (“man to woman” cases across the five scenarios on the Gender Neutral Sexism Scenarios). Quantitative results indicated that women identified more instances of sexism than men. Overall, participants did not strongly identify instances of subtle sexism. Additional research is needed to determine the results. Interview participants indicated that trainings and professional development regarding appropriate behavior and language in the workplace are needed in order for employees to understand and recognize subtle sexism.
Temple University--Theses
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Hall, Taylor K. "Witnessing Benevolent and Hostile Sexism: Comparing Impacts on Third Party Perceptions of Moral Violation, Moral Anger, and Intervention Intentions." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1627493110558823.
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Tarazona, Navarro Miriam Yolanda. "Representaciones de la mujer en la publicidad sexista. Un análisis desde la competencia mediática." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/657566.
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El sexismo en la publicidad se encuentra perenne en nuestra sociedad al mostrar a la mujer con estereotipos de comportamiento y como un objeto sexual. Con intención de visibilizar la competencia mediática de las mujeres limeñas, de una brecha generacional, desde sus dimensiones del lenguaje e ideología y valores, se realizó el presente trabajo en donde se podrá observar si existe una mayor competencia mediática por parte de las mujeres jóvenes (Grupo 1) o si existe una competencia mediática desarrollada parcialmente en ambas muestras (Grupo 1 y Grupo 2). Para indagar las percepciones de las consumidoras, se realizaron catorce entrevistas a profundidad en donde se mostraron cuatro publicidades y se realizaron preguntas dirigidas para dar respuesta a la pregunta de investigación planteada.Sexism in advertising is perennial in our society by portraying women with stereotypical behaviors and as a sexual object. With the intention of making visible the media competence of Lima women, of a generation gap, from its dimensions of language and ideology and values, the present article was carried out where it can be observed if there is greater media competition on the part of young women (Group 1) or if there is a partially developed media competence in both samples (Group 1 and Group 2). To investigate consumer perceptions, fourteen in-depth interviews were conducted in which four advertisements were shown and directed questions were asked to answer the research question posed.
Tesis
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Löf, Emma, and Malin Löf. "The Relations between Gender Roles, Sibling Constellations, and Modern Sexism." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-65469.
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In this study we investigated the relations between gender roles, siblings and sexism. We wanted to know if boys who spent more time with their sisters were less sexist than those who did not. Another question we asked was if girls who identified with their traditional gender roles were more sexist than those who did not. We sampled 127 high school students in the ages of 15 to 19. The results showed that time spent with sisters among boys, did not significantly correlate with sexism. However boys were more sexist than girls. Girls who identified with their traditional gender roles were less sexist than those who did not. Another important finding was that boys not identifying with the feminine gender role were more sexist than those who did. In conclusion, Contact with sisters did not have a relation to boys being sexist. However, gender and gender roles did. Unexpected findings included the importance of the feminine gender role. Where not identifying with feminine gender role traits for boys showed higher tendencies for sexism. Whereas girls who identified with the feminine traits showed lower tendencies for sexism.I denna studie undersökte vi relationen mellan könsroller, syskon och sexism. Vi ville veta om pojkar som spenderade mer tid med sina systrar var mindre sexistiska än dem som inte gjorde det. En annan fråga vi undersökte var om flickor som identifierade sig med sin traditionella könsroll var mer sexistiska än dem som inte gjorde det. Vårt urval bestod av 127 gymnasieelever i åldrarna 15 till 19 år. Resultaten visade att tid spenderad med systrar inte var signifikant korrelerat med sexism bland pojkar. Däremot var pojkar mer sexistiska än flickor. Flickor som identifierade sig med sin traditionella könsroll var mindre sexistiska än de som inte gjorde det. En annan viktig upptäckt var att pojkar som inte identifierade sig med den feminina könsrollen var mer sexistiska än de som gjorde det. Sammanfattningsvis, kontakt med systrar hade ingen relation till pojkars sexism. Däremot, hade kön och könsroller det. Oväntade resultat visade betydelsen av den feminina könsrollen där pojkar som inte identifierade sig med den feminina könsrollens egenskaper visade högre tendenser till sexism, medan flickor som identifierade sig med dessa egenskaper visade mindre tendenser till sexism.
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Kuchynka, Sophie Lois. "System Threats and Gender Differences in Sexism and Gender Stereotypes." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5720.
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In the United States, women’s persistent gains in structural power may cause backlash among those motivated to preserve the status quo. The proposed study examines the conditions that prompt men and women to endorse sexism and promote gender stereotypes. System justification theory proposes that people are motivated to justify the socio-political system that governs them and threats to the stability of their system can increase individual’s motivated defenses. I expect men to show the strongest motivated defenses when the hierarchy is threatened or viewed as unstable, because to protect group-based interests men will reinforce the legitimacy of the system through stronger endorsement of system defenses. In contrast, women will show the strongest system defenses when the hierarchy is viewed as stable, to avoid feeling trapped in an unchanging system that oppresses them. To test these ideas, 430 men and women were exposed to a gender status hierarchy that was portrayed as stable or unstable and then they responded to several measures of sexism and gender stereotypes. Support for the hypothesis was only found on one measure of gender stereotypes. Men reported more system justifying stereotypes of traditional women in the unstable condition, while women showed the opposite pattern. Exploratory results demonstrate that men’s and women’s reports of agentic stereotypes for traditional and nontraditional women depended on whether they were exposed to a stable or unstable gender hierarchy. Future directions and limitations are discussed in consideration of these exploratory findings.
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Kuchynka, Sophie. "System Threats and Gender Differences in Sexism and Gender Stereotypes." Thesis, University of South Florida, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1597535.
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In the United States, women’s persistent gains in structural power may cause backlash among those motivated to preserve the status quo. The proposed study examines the conditions that prompt men and women to endorse sexism and promote gender stereotypes. System justification theory proposes that people are motivated to justify the socio-political system that governs them and threats to the stability of their system can increase individual’s motivated defenses. I expect men to show the strongest motivated defenses when the hierarchy is threatened or viewed as unstable, because to protect group-based interests men will reinforce the legitimacy of the system through stronger endorsement of system defenses. In contrast, women will show the strongest system defenses when the hierarchy is viewed as stable, to avoid feeling trapped in an unchanging system that oppresses them. To test these ideas, 430 men and women were exposed to a gender status hierarchy that was portrayed as stable or unstable and then they responded to several measures of sexism and gender stereotypes. Support for the hypothesis was only found on one measure of gender stereotypes. Men reported more system justifying stereotypes of traditional women in the unstable condition, while women showed the opposite pattern. Exploratory results demonstrate that men’s and women’s reports of agentic stereotypes for traditional and nontraditional women depended on whether they were exposed to a stable or unstable gender hierarchy. Future directions and limitations are discussed in consideration of these exploratory findings.
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Herek, Ann Marie. "The effects of perceived sexism on funniness ratings of cartoons." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/451607.
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Humor-evoking events frequently contain aggressive elements. Sex differences have been found for the effects of aggressive content on perceived funniness, (Wilson & Molleston, 1981; Terry & Ertle, 1974; Groch, 1974; Felker & Hunter, 1970) but the findings are not consistent. Sexism is sometimes perceived as a more subtle form of aggression. Sex differences have also been found for the way sexism affects funniness ratings, (Chapman & Gadfield, 1976; Priest & Wilhelm, 1974) but again the findings are inconsistent. The primary purpose of the present study was to determine the relationship between the ratings of sexism and the ratings of funniness for cartoons. A secondary purpose of the present study was to determine to what extent, if any, gender of experimenter influences humor, sex, sexism, and pain ratings.Subjects were 60 female and 58 male introductory Psychology students. There were four experimental groups: two groups of female and two groups of male subjects. A female experimenter was assigned to one male and one female group, and a male experimenter was assigned to one male and one female group. This design facilitated exploration of an experimenter gender x subject gender interaction. Subjects were shown 34 cartoons and asked to rate each for funniness, and then to rate them for the degree of sexual, sexist, and aggressive (pain) content each contained.A preliminary analysis revealed that there were significant relationships between gender of experimenter and funniness ratings, gender of subject and funniness ratings, as well as a gender of experimenter x gender of subject interaction.A step-down multiple regression was performed among the predictor variables experimenter gender and subject gender, with the criterion of funniness, for each of the four experimental conditions. For female subjects, only sexism scores correlated with funniness scores, and the contributions of sex and pain ratings were not significant. For male subjects, only sex scores correlated with funniness scores, and the contributions of sexism and pain ratings were not significant. Comparisons between these results and past research were made.
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Speegle, Shelby. "The Effect of Gender Threat on Implicit Sexism and Stereotyping." UNF Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/621.
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Gender threat occurs in situations in which one is threatened by the possibility of acting like the opposite gender (Vandello et al., 2008) and is most pervasive for men (e.g., “you throw like a girl”). This study examined the question of whether men, after being told they performed like women, would respond with negative implicit evaluations of women. In addition, competence threat (with no reference to gender) was examined to see if it would affect men in the same way. Women were threatened by being told they performed like men, although it was hypothesized there would be no effect of gender threat for women. Participants completed a line bisection task and received false feedback regarding how they performed. The feedback was manipulated in terms of threat (threat versus not threat) and gender salience (gender was salient or not). Participants then completed two Implicit Association Tests: one to assess implicit prejudice against women and one to assess endorsement of tradition gender roles. Men who were threatened (regardless of gender salience) showed more implicit prejudice against women than men who were not threatened. Women showed an interaction of threat, gender salience, and explicit sexism. When gender was salient, threatened women low in explicit sexism had less favorable attitudes towards other women. Women high in explicit sexism showed no significant difference between threat and no threat. No effects were found for implicit gender stereotypes for men or women. Implications for gender threat theory and future directions are discussed.
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Buscaglia, Alexandra Marie. "The Effects of Communication, Gender, and Sexism on Dating Initiations." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2040.
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The purpose of this study was to increase understanding of the initial screening process that occurs during dating interactions, and to measure the perceptions of different communication styles that individuals use during such interactions. A review of current literature focused on attractiveness of potential mates, ambivalent sexism theory, gender stereotypes, and communication theory. The present study examined how individuals view others’ approaches in initial dating interactions, and which of these approaches are most effective for increasing the target’s interest in spending time with the pursuer. A pilot study involving 45 undergraduate psychology students from Western Kentucky University was conducted to evaluate the validity of the Dating Initiation Questionnaire (DIQ), which was created for this study. In the final study, one hundred and fifty two undergraduate psychology students from Western Kentucky University completed measures of sexism, social desirability, and dating initiation preference. Results showed that both communication theory and ambivalent sexism theory were relevant in dating initiations. Consistent with previous communication research, assertive communication was rated as more effective than aggressive and passive communication in the initial interactions that occur in heterosexual dating initiations. This suggests it is best to use assertive communication as a first choice in dating interactions. Further analyses showed that females were more likely to rate assertive and passive initiations as more effective than aggressive dating initiations, while males were more likely than females to rate aggressive initiations as more effective than passive initiations, and to rate aggressive initiations as more effective than assertive initiations. Stronger ambivalent sexist beliefs were associated with higher ratings for aggressive dating initiations. Therefore, individuals who held negative attitudes toward non-traditional women and positive attitudes toward gender stereotypical women preferred aggressive dating initiations. Such individuals may approach others in an aggressive manner. One could argue that, to prevent such harassment, individuals should be educated about communication styles and gender equality. Future research should focus on applying such interventions to males and females, and on revising the intervention to suit individuals with sexist beliefs toward women and men.
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Prather, Courtney C. "Nice Dissertation, for a Girl: Cardiovascular and Emotional Reactivity to Gender Microaggressions." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc804826/.
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Gender microaggressions are normative messages that communicate harmful stereotypes or attitudes towards women. Research suggests that being the target of microaggresions may contribute to negative mental and physical health outcomes. The current study examined how gender microaggressions affect emotional and physiological reactivity as well as performance on a working memory task. Results indicated condition (i.e., control vs. sexual objectification microaggression vs. denial of sexism microaggression) did not have a significant affect on reactivity or performance. Issues of population bias and essentialism may have played an important role in study findings. Future directions are discussed.
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Swickard, Nancy E. "Girl is a four-letter word : gender biased image and language." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1014802.
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The purpose of my graduate thesis creative project, Girl Is a Four-Letter Word: Gender Biased Imaqe and Language is to call attention to the subliminal messages about stereotypical female qualities and female role expectations transmitted through the use of our language. My focus is on classroom visuals and reading textbooks used in the 1950s and 1960s, which illustrate very separate paths of gender social development. I have created a series of twenty-two paintings, in which I have juxtaposed images inspired from old textbooks and mild four-letter words to illustrate double-entendre associations and implied sexual innuendoes in everyday language.The creative project began with extensive research to find examples of textbooks from the 1950s, to review the textbooks in the historical context of America's educational goals and to study artists who have investigated themes of language and meaning of images in their work. Specific artists researched who have explored these ideas historically include Rene Magritte, Jasper Johns and Barbara Kruger. The actual artworks of several abstract expressionists were examined closely because of a similarity in painting technique and style.The paintings produced for this thesis project were executed with oil paint on recycled stretched canvases. Thick paints were applied straight from the tube and layered in thick impasto. The composition of all paintings include a vignetted image or isolated object in the center of the canvas with a label placed below, similar to the format of flashcards used for learning to read. The image and words together create a relationship pointing out blatant gender-biased associations, displayed with tongue-in-cheek humor.Department of Art
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Wrend, Noel E. Thomas. "The development of intergroup bias in children to ambivalent sexism in adults : a study of the role of self-esteem." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1055.
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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf.edu/Systems/DigitalInitiatives/DigitalCollections/InternetDistributionConsentAgreementForm.pdf You may also contact the project coordinator, Kerri Bottorff, at kerri.bottorff@ucf.edu for more information.Bachelors
Sciences
Psychology
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Roos, Beverley. "Women and the Word : issues of power, control and language in social and religious life." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/16636.
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Bibliography: pages 151-157.The intention of this thesis is to offer a perspective on the current debate over women's place in Western religious institutions, i.e. the Judaeo-Christian tradition; and to provide a way of thinking about those issues which will lead to a positive, progressive and realistic vision of co-humanity, and a method of achieving it. The thorny battleground of the "women's debate", as it is inaccurately named, was not my original choice of thesis topic. A lifelong commitment to feminist principles has been matched with an equally lengthy wariness regarding society's attitude towards such matters. Also, the understandable obsession of South African religious studies departments, and journals, with the issue of racism has had the inevitable result of trivializing the related issue of sexism as secondary. The narrowness of such thinking has led to strange distortions, including the belief that evil can somehow be 'ranked' and that there can be a 'hierarchy' of oppression. My intentions changed during a search of religious publications and journals while completing a post-graduate assignment. It was abundantly apparent that the scale of the debate on women's place in religion was fast outstripping most other debates. However, it was not an area which had been treated locally with seriousness. It had unfolded into a comprehensive and highly contentious debate in North American and British campuses and religious institutions, and the proliferation of books and articles on the subject by not only theologians but also sociologists, anthropologists and linguists had greatly extended the platform and the level on which the debate was to be fought. It appeared that women working in many fields were laying claim to religion, and were engaging issues which had previously been left to the handful of articulate women working at least nominally within orthodox structures.