Journal articles on the topic 'Sex workers'
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1
Dewey, Susan, and Tonia P. St. Germain. "Sex Workers/Sex Offenders." Feminist Criminology 10, no. 3 (September 16, 2014): 211–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557085114541141.
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Schulte, Brit Erin. "Sex Workers: The Outside/r’s Outsider." Excursions Journal 13, no. 1 (April 20, 2023): 171–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/exs.13.2023.383.
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Brit Schulte posits that the sex working person is confronted by ever-increasing demand as well as proportionately increasing criminalization and persecution. They also see the sex working person as representative of queer and trans*-- truly, of outsider subjectivity. The tension produced by these coextensive increases creates the conditions that compel an outsider (sex worker) to fight for an end to stigma and marginalization. This necessary struggle that they outline takes place in broader movement spaces, grassroots collectives, smaller mutual aid networks, and between fellow workers. Their essay highlights experiences within the above categories of queer and trans* sex worker-led community organizing, specifically drawing upon full-service sex worker-run mutual aid networks, harm reduction formations, tech-centred activism, and fetish provider-led collectives. Through personal and broader movement analysis, Schulte links sex workers' political fights to the broader struggle for labour justice under capitalism, locating sex worker organizing in our contemporary moment in a rich tradition of hustle and survival.
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Tsang, Eileen Yuk-ha. "Selling Sex as an Edgework: Risk Taking and Thrills in China’s Commercial Sex Industry." International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology 63, no. 8 (December 19, 2018): 1306–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306624x18818925.
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Academic discussions of the sex industry need to consider sex worker’s experience within the conceptual framework of “edgework.” Edgework is voluntary risky activity that combines danger with excitement and emotional pleasure. This article argues female sex worker must weigh possible outcomes in terms of the resulting benefits or consequences. The notion of edgework articulated by Stephen Lyng proposed there is a fine line for risky behavior going from pleasurable and manageable to turning dangerous and chaotic. This description of edgework applies to female sex workers, and needs to be extended to individualization in the Chinese context. Research data collected from two distinct ethnographies in Dongguan (195 sex workers) and Hong Kong (39 sex workers). The research findings provide insights into the experiences and motivations of an underexamined niche segment of sex workers. A significant number of sex workers embody the perspective of edgework to maintain self-esteem in difficult circumstances. For example, edgework explains several aspects of sex work including notions of excitement and personal pleasure, developing skills within the craft, developing interpersonal networks with peers, and gaining personal happiness through fulfilling sexual desire.
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Aroney, Eurydice. "The 1975 French sex workers’ revolt: A narrative of influence." Sexualities 23, no. 1-2 (November 14, 2018): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460717741802.
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The 1975 French sex workers’ strike is widely acknowledged by sex workers’ movement activists as the spark that ignited the contemporary European sex workers’ rights movement. Yet, significant scholarly research has judged the strike a failure because it neither achieved law reform, nor was it able to sustain a lasting presence. How then should we understand the disparity between how sex worker activists see the occupation and the judgment of academic researchers? This research extends the analytical frame of the 1975 movement’s influence beyond the disappointment of specific policy outcomes and instead addresses the role that the movement played in challenging attitudes towards sex workers, and building a new collective identity that fed into the emerging global sex workers’ rights movement. It argues that by defining and amplifying a set of shared grievances recognisable across borders the strike was a significant cultural achievement for the sex workers’ movement and this in turn established a narrative of influence.
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Santos, Betania, Indianarae Siqueira, Cristiane Oliveira, Laura Murray, Thaddeus Blanchette, Carolina Bonomi, Ana Paula da Silva, and Soraya Simões. "Sex Work, Essential Work: A Historical and (Necro)Political Analysis of Sex Work in Times of COVID-19 in Brazil." Social Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci10010002.
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Brazil has made international headlines for the government’s inept and irresponsible response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this context, sex worker activists have once again taken on an essential role in responding to the pandemic amidst State absences and abuses. Drawing on the theoretical framework of necropolitics, we trace the gendered, sexualized, and racialized dimensions of how prostitution and work have been (un)governed in Brazil and how this has framed sex worker activists’ responses to COVID-19. As a group of scholars and sex worker activists based in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, we specifically explore the idea of sex workers as “essential workers”, but also of sex work as, essentially, work, demonstrating complicities, differences, and congruencies in how sex workers see what they do and who their allies in the context of the 21st century’s greatest health crisis to date.
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Munasinghe, Thiloma, Richard D. Hayes, Jane Hocking, Jocelyn Verry, and Christopher K. Fairley. "Prevalence of sexual difficulties among female sex workers and clients attending a sexual health service." International Journal of STD & AIDS 18, no. 9 (September 1, 2007): 613–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646207781568592.
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The objective of this study was to determine the proportion of sex workers and non-sex workers with sexual difficulties. Consenting female sex workers (93) and non-sex worker clients (178) attending the Melbourne Sexual Health self-answered an anonymous questionnaire about demographic characteristics, sexual behaviour, prevalence of sexual difficulties with private partners, distress regarding one's sex life, and physical pleasure, emotional satisfaction with sex and overall satisfaction with life. The demographic characteristics, sexual behaviours, prevalence of painful sex (34% versus 42%), orgasmic difficulty (43% versus 40%), vaginal dryness (45% versus 36%) and performance anxiety (28% versus 37%), physical pleasure and emotional satisfaction with sex and overall life satisfaction among sex workers was similar to that of non-sex workers, respectively. Sex workers were more likely to experience sexual disinterest (odds ratio 1.9, (95% confidence interval 1.1, 3.2) and less likely to report being distressed about their sex life ( P = 0.04). The prevalence of sexual difficulties, other than desire was similar to those of non-sex workers. These findings may be relevant only to sex workers operating in a highly regulated sex industry.
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Rusyidi, Binahayati, and Nunung Nurwati. "PENANGANAN PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL DI INDONESIA." Prosiding Penelitian dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 5, no. 3 (January 30, 2019): 303. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v5i3.20579.
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This article describes about the situation of prostitution in Indonesia concerning its types, contributing factors, and elimination strategies using available relevant documents. There are both traditional and contemporary types of prostitution in Indonesia that included sex workers, users and the pimps. The contributing factors of prostitution rooted in three domains including demand, supply and catalyst factors that all associated with social, economic, politic, culture, development of information technology, and globalization factors. Strategies to eradicate prostitution by government in Indonesia rely on the institutional based rehabilitation of sex worker were discussed within the frame of best principles of sex workers rehabilitation. Some limitations were highlighted with regards to the design and implementation of current sex worker’s rehabilitation program.
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Buzdugan, Raluca, Shiva S. Halli, Jyoti M. Hiremath, Krishnamurthy Jayanna, T. Raghavendra, Stephen Moses, James Blanchard, Graham Scambler, and Frances Cowan. "The Female Sex Work Industry in a District of India in the Context of HIV Prevention." AIDS Research and Treatment 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/371482.
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HIV prevalence in India remains high among female sex workers. This paper presents the main findings of a qualitative study of the modes of operation of female sex work in Belgaum district, Karnataka, India, incorporating fifty interviews with sex workers. Thirteen sex work settings (distinguished by sex workers' main places of solicitation and sex) are identified. In addition to previously documented brothel, lodge, street,dhaba(highway restaurant), and highway-based sex workers, under-researched or newly emerging sex worker categories are identified, including phone-based sex workers, parlour girls, and agricultural workers. Women working in brothels, lodges,dhabas, and on highways describe factors that put them at high HIV risk. Of these,dhabaand highway-based sex workers are poorly covered by existing interventions. The paper examines the HIV-related vulnerability factors specific to each sex work setting. The modes of operation and HIV-vulnerabilities of sex work settings identified in this paper have important implications for the local programme.
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Armstrong, Lynzi. "Stigma, decriminalisation, and violence against street-based sex workers: Changing the narrative." Sexualities 22, no. 7-8 (November 21, 2018): 1288–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363460718780216.
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It is well documented that sex workers manage risks in their work – such as the potential for violence and the multiple risks associated with stigma. While sex workers are commonly understood to be a stigmatised population, few studies have considered in depth how stigma operates in different legislative contexts, how it relates to sex-worker safety, and how it may be reduced. Stigma is understood to be exacerbated by the criminalisation of sex work, which defines sex workers as deviant others and consequently renders them more vulnerable to violence. However, as full decriminalisation of sex work is still relatively rare, there has been little in-depth exploration into the relationship between this legislative approach, risks of violence, and stigma. Drawing on the findings of in-depth interviews with street-based sex workers and sex-worker rights advocates, in this article I explore the links between stigma and violence, and discuss the challenges of reducing stigma associated with sex work in New Zealand, post-decriminalisation. I argue that while decriminalisation has undoubtedly benefited sex workers in New Zealand, stigma continues to have a negative impact – particularly for street-based sex workers. Decriminalisation should therefore be considered an essential starting point. However, ongoing work must focus on countering stigmatising narratives, to enable a safer society for all sex workers.
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Potter, Kathleen, Judy Martin, and Sarah Romans. "Early Developmental Experiences of Female Sex Workers: A Comparative Study." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 6 (December 1999): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00655.x.
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Objective: The aim of this paper is to explore the early family environment of a sample of female sex workers and compare the findings with a large community data set of similarly aged women. Method: Sex workers recruited by a snowball method were given a semi-structured interview, which included the Parental Bonding Instrument. These results were compared to those from the Otago Women's Child Sexual Abuse (OWCSA) study. Results: The sex workers' families were of lower socioeconomic status and had experienced more parental separation than had the OWCSA families. The mothers of sex workers were more frequently the family's main wage earner. Sex workers described both parents as less caring than did the OWCSA women. They were significantly more likely than the OWCSA women to report childhood sexual abuse. The sex workers were more likely to have left home early, to have become pregnant before the age of 19 years and to not have completed tertiary study. Conclusions: The sex workers studied came from families with more interpersonal difficulties during childhood and adolescence than did a control community sample of similarly aged women. The relevance and generalisability of this conclusion to the wider sex worker population is difficult to determine, given the non-random selection of this sex worker sample.
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Patel, Dr Vaibhavi, Dr Bhavna Puwar, and Dr Sheetal Vyas. "Sex work characteristics of Female Sex Workers (FSWs) in Ahmedabad city." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (June 1, 2012): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/feb2013/117.
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Richter, Marlise. "Characteristics, sexual behaviour and access to health care services for sex workers in South Africa." Afrika Focus 26, no. 2 (February 26, 2013): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/2031356x-02602011.
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Sex workers in sub-Saharan Africa are vulnerable to a range of factors that ill-dispose them to poor health outcomes. Their vulnerability to HIV and other STIs are many fold greater than the non-sex worker population of the same age. Health care systems world-wide are not responsive to the special needs of sex workers, and many sex workers do not receive adequate health services, education or HIV prevention tools. While the literature on female sex work in Africa is fairly robust, troubling research gaps are evident on male and transgender sex work, and the intersections of migration and sex work. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with female, male and transgender sex workers in four sites in South Africa. The research results point towards the diversity of the sex industry and the people who work in it. Sex work is an important livelihood strategy for many, and provides an income for sex workers and their extended network of dependents. Migration is a vital component in how sex worker lives and work are structured. Moreover, the article highlights the shortcomings of health care services to respond adequately to the needs of sex workers, and recommends the rolling-out of specialized, sex work-specific health care services in areas of sex work concentration, and sex work-friendly services in mainstream health care facilities in areas of low sex work concentration.
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Varghese, Anugraha. "Psychiatric Morbidity and Social Exclusion among Sex Workers - A Review of Literature." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 312–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.38373.
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Abstract: "Commercial sex workers" refers to those who engage in prostitution, and have been used in the literature on the subject over a period of time. The term has been adopted, which is free of the complex, derogatory and sexist connotations, which are often linked with the concept of a "slut". Sex work includes a wide variety of activities, including the exchange of foreign currency (or an equivalent) for the purchase of sex, and sexual services. Sex work has been attributed to several psychiatric issues, including physical violence as a child, sexual assault as a child, adult domestic discrimination, substance abuse, trauma etc. Commercial sex work, according to Medrano, and Gilchrist, is often correlated with the socio-demographic disadvantage such as ethnic minority, low-income, food and nutrition, and a lack of education and training. Sex workers may be exposed to the stigma of the action, and, therefore, have a high risk for psychiatric morbidity. There is indeed a scarcity of literature into how sex workers deal with mental health and stigma. The stigma of the sex industry would have a direct impact on the mental health of sex workers. The need to control, and the risk of selective disclosure of the sex work is the usual on-the-job. The objective of this review is to examine the current literature on sex workers, with a focus on health as well as other forms of social isolation such as disability, homelessness, and drug abuse. There aren't many articles dedicated to mental health, social isolation, or sex work. The paper is divided into three sections based on three major themes. The very first theme looks at the causes that lead to insecurity, social isolation, and sex work participation. The second topic examines how exclusionary mechanisms impact sex workers' mental health and the most common mental illnesses in the sex worker population. Finally, the third topic considers how exclusionary mechanisms impact the lives of sex workers, as well as the various degrees of social exclusion faced by different classes of sex workers. Sex workers, especially on-the-street, off-the-street, transient, and trafficked sex workers, face potential threats and sickness. Several of these impediments are connected to wider questions of social exclusion that go far beyond sex work. Keywords: Sex worker, psychiatric morbidity, social exclusion, sex work stigma, factors affecting entrance into sex workers.
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Woensdregt, Lise. "When the Law Fails to Protect: Stigma, Violence and Sex Workers’ Multi-Layered Responses in the Kenyan Cities of Nairobi, Mombasa, Kisii and Meru." International Journal of Gender, Sexuality and Law 2, no. 1 (July 6, 2022): 298–325. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijgsl.v2i1.1264.
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In Kenya, criminal laws on sex work and same-sex activities, combined with stigma on sex work and homosexuality, shape sex workers’ vulnerability to violence. This paper explores sex workers’ responses to violence at various levels of social and legal organisation. Drawing from a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach including qualitative interviews and focus group data, the paper illustrates a close and mutually reinforcing nexus between criminalisation, sex work stigma and homophobia as well as a resulting climate of impunity for perpetrators. By understanding sex workers as agentic actors, it demonstrates how sex workers respond to, rework and resist this repressive landscape of violence. It argues that sex workers mitigate the risk of experiencing violence by ‘getting by’ and ‘getting ahead’, while sex worker organisations support them to engage in collective resistance. The paper demonstrates a need to reform sex work-related laws and argues that action should extend beyond legal reform to include efforts to mediate the social processes that undercut sex workers’ access to rights and social justice.
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Lepp, Annalee, and Borislav Gerasimov. "Editorial: Gains and Challenges in the Global Movement for Sex Workers’ Rights." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 12 (April 29, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201219121.
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Over the past two decades, there has been a growing body of excellent academic and community-based literature on sex workers’ lives, work, and organising efforts, and on the harmful effects of anti-trafficking discourses, laws, and policies on diverse sex worker communities. Importantly, a significant portion of this work has been produced by sex workers and sex worker organisations.[1] When we decided to devote this Special Issue of Anti-Trafficking Review to the theme of sex work, we acknowledged this reality. However, we also thought that, given that the discourses, laws, and policies that directly impact sex workers globally are continually changing, the production of new evidence-based research and critical perspectives is constantly needed.
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Sultana, Habiba, and Habiba Rahman. "Ngos, Sex Workers’ Movement and HIV: A Case of Bangladesh." Social Science Review 38, no. 1 (January 28, 2022): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ssr.v38i1.56529.
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Following eviction from several brothels, the sex workers of Bangladesh started their movement in the 1990s. Through their activism, the sex workers demanded their rights. Just about the same period, NGOs were working with the sex workers on HIV-related issues focusing on their empowerment alongside condom promotion. Through their involvement with the NGOs and HIV programmes, the sex workers have gained visibility in the public domain. Due to availability of funds from the NGOs sex workers were able to participate in international gatherings where they learnt about sex work as a form of labour. In claiming their rights, the sex workers exhibited active agency which corresponds to pro-sex work feminist discourse. However, despite some positive outcomes of the sex workers’ movement, the demand for their rights became blurred as they got more and more involved in the arena of HIV. Using a feminist methodology, this article draws on the experiences of women’s rights activists, sex worker activists as well as sex workers to understand the trajectory that the struggles of the sex workers have taken place due to their involvement with NGOs and HIV-related programmes. In doing so it explores the nature of such interrelationship from the perspective of the global south. Social Science Review, Vol. 38(1), June 2021 Page 157-174
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Cabezas, Amalia L. "Latin American and Caribbean Sex Workers: Gains and challenges in the movement." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 12 (April 29, 2019): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201219123.
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This article challenges the notion that the organised sex worker movement originated in the Global North. Beginning in Havana, Cuba at the end of the nineteenth century, sex workers in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region have been organising for recognition and labour rights. This article focuses on some of the movement’s advances, such as the election of a sex worker to public office in the Dominican Republic, the system where Nicaraguan sex workers act as court-appointed judicial facilitators, the networks of sex worker organisations throughout the region, and cutting-edge media strategies used to claim social and labour rights. Sex workers are using novel strategies designed to disrupt the hegemonic social order; contest the inequalities, discrimination, and injustices experienced by women in the sex trade; provoke critical reflection; and raise the visibility of sex work advocacy. New challenges to the movement include the abolitionist movement, the conflation of all forms of sex work with human trafficking, and practices that seek to ‘rescue’ consenting adults from the sex trade.
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Baker, Lynda M. "Undercover as Sex Workers." Women & Criminal Justice 16, no. 4 (July 1, 2005): 25–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j012v16n04_02.
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The Lancet. "Keeping sex workers safe." Lancet 386, no. 9993 (August 2015): 504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(15)61460-x.
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Hart, G., and D. Whittaker. "Sex workers and HIV." AIDS Care 6, no. 3 (May 1994): 267–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540129408258638.
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Goodyear, Michael D. E., and Linda Cusick. "Protection of sex workers." BMJ 334, no. 7584 (January 11, 2007): 52–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.39087.642801.be.
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Kennedy, Lynn. "Estimating turnover and industry longevity of Canadian sex workers." PLOS ONE 19, no. 3 (March 27, 2024): e0298523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0298523.
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How long indoor sex workers stay employed in collectives is a poorly understood aspect of sex worker agency in industrialized democracies. This study provides estimates of turnover, the rate at which workers leave employment, using a subsample of 76 collectives representing 3545 workers over a one-year period. All the collectives provided data on individual workers via external websites. The collectives were identified in a larger random sample of 783 advertisers from a popular Canadian classifieds site used by sex workers, all of whom provided URLs as part of their ad contact information. Monthly between October 2022 and October 2023, individual workers associated with the subsample of advertisers were identified from web pages maintained by these advertisers and scheduling data was collected where available. Worker turnover was estimated based on whether workers were visible one month to the next. Over the year, estimated turnover ranged from 12.0% to 16.0% (mean 14.2% SD 1.1%). Turnover was not affected by month or number of workers in the collectives. Mean 41.1% workers (SD 23.5%, N = 51 advertisers) were scheduled on any given day. Workers were visible for a mean 5.5 months (SD 4.5) with those visible for one month being the largest single group. Most sex workers in collectives are likely not permanent full time employees, and the extremely brief work histories of many suggest that failure in the industry may be common for this subpopulation.
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Carlisle, Vanessa. "“Sex Work Is Star Shaped”." South Atlantic Quarterly 120, no. 3 (July 1, 2021): 573–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00382876-9154927.
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This article interrogates the common sex worker rights’ slogan “sex work is real work,” a claim that yokes sex worker struggles to labor struggles worldwide. This article argues that US-based sex worker rights activism, which relies on the labor rights framework to confront stigma and criminalization, is unable to undo how racial capitalism constructs sex work as not a legitimate form of work. While labor protections are important, sex work offers opportunity for the development of antiwork potentials. Many people engaging in sexual performance or trading sex are already creating spaces where sex work itself exceeds analysis as a job. By foregrounding sex workers’ lived experiences and the theoretical moves of antiracist anticapitalism, antiwork politics, queer liberationists, and disability justice, this article locates sex workers at the nexus of important forms of subjugated knowledge crucial for undermining the criminalization of marginalized people.
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Yingwana, Ntokozo, Dr Rebecca Walker, and Alex Etchart. "Sex Work, Migration, and Human Trafficking in South Africa: From polarised arguments to potential partnerships." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 12 (April 2, 2019): 74–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201219125.
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In South Africa, the conflation of sex work with human trafficking means that migrant/mobile sex workers are often framed as victims of trafficking while arguments for the decriminalisation of sex work are discounted due to claims about the risks of increased trafficking. This is despite the lack of clear evidence that trafficking, including in the sex industry, is a widespread problem. Sex worker organisations have called for an evidence-based approach whereby migration, sex work, and trafficking are distinguished and the debate moves beyond the polarised divisions over sex work. This paper takes up this argument by drawing on research with sex workers and a sex worker organisation in South Africa, as well as reflections shared at two Sex Workers’ Anti-trafficking Research Symposiums. In so doing, the authors propose the further development of a Sex Work, Exploitation, and Migration/Mobility Model that takes into consideration the complexities of the quotidian experiences of migration and selling sex. This, we suggest, could enable a more effective and productive partnership between sex worker organisations and other stakeholder groups, including anti-trafficking and labour rights organisations, trade unions, and others to protect the rights and well-being of all those involved in sex work.
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Campbell, Rosie, Lucy Smith, Becky Leacy, Miriam Ryan, and Billie Stoica. "Not collateral damage: Trends in violence and hate crimes experienced by sex workers in the Republic of Ireland." Irish Journal of Sociology 28, no. 3 (July 22, 2020): 280–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0791603520939794.
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The Republic of Ireland’s new Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 2017 (2017 Act) criminalised sex purchase. Drawing on primary data from reports made by sex workers in Ireland to UglyMugs.ie, we analyse trends in violent and other crimes against sex workers in Republic of Ireland (hereafter Ireland). Examining the four-year period 2015–2019, we highlight the various crimes sex workers experience, including incidents of hate crime. Analysis of UglyMugs.ie data found that crimes (including violent offences) against sex workers increased following the introduction of the new law and continued with low levels of reporting of said crimes to the police. The data suggest that the 2017 Act heightens the risks for sex workers. Here, we advocate an intersectional framework to provide a more nuanced understanding of how sex workers in Ireland experience violent and other hate crimes (ICRSE, 2014). We suggest that considering the international research evidence, the most conducive framework in which to reduce violence against sex workers is that of full decriminalisation ( Platt et al, 2018 ). But, as others have pointed out, that legal reform needs to be in tandem with other policies and a refocusing of police resources on sex worker safety, better enabling reporting and access to justice.
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Tigchelaar, Alex. "Sex Worker Resistance in the Neoliberal Creative City: An auto/ethnography." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 12 (April 29, 2019): 15–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201219122.
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Sex workers are subjects of intrigue in urban and creative economies. Tours of active, deteriorating, or defunct red-light districts draw thousands of tourists every year in multiple municipalities around the world. When cities celebrate significant anniversaries in their histories, local sex worker narratives are often included in arts-based public offerings. When sex workers take up urban space in their day-to-day lives, however, they are criminalised. Urban developers often view sex workers as existing serviceably only as legend. A history of sex work will add allure to an up-and-coming neighbourhood, lending purpose to its reformation into a more appropriately productive space, but the material presence of sex workers in these neighbourhoods is seen as a threat to community wellbeing and property values. This paper considers how sex workers, continuously displaced from environments they have carved out as workspaces, may use the arts to draw attention to these ongoing contradictions. It investigates how sex workers may make visible the idiosyncratic state of providing vitality to a city’s history while simultaneously being excluded from its living present. Most critically, it suggests ways in which sex workers may encourage those involved as producers and consumers of neoliberal urban revitalisation projects to connect these often fatal paradoxes to the laws that criminalise their labour.
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Carrington, William J., and Kenneth R. Troske. "Sex Segregation in U.S. Manufacturing." ILR Review 51, no. 3 (April 1998): 445–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399805100305.
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This study of interplant sex segregation in the U.S. manufacturing industry improves on previous work by using more detailed information on the characteristics of both workers and firms and adopting an improved measure of segregation. The data source is the Worker-Establishment Characteristics Database (a U.S. Census Bureau database) for 1990. There are three main findings. First, interplant sex segregation in the U.S. manufacturing industry is substantial, particularly among blue-collar workers. Second, even in analyses that control for a variety of plant characteristics, the authors find that female managers tend to work in the same plants as female supervisees. Finally, they find that interplant sex segregation can account for a substantial fraction of the male/female wage gap in the manufacturing industry, particularly among blue-collar workers.
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Archer, Nicole, and Rachel Schreiber. "Weathering the Storm." Radical History Review 2024, no. 149 (May 1, 2024): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-11027287.
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Abstract Over the last two decades, red umbrellas have increasingly appeared in campaigns to end violence against sex workers, oppose harmful legislation, advocate for decriminalization, commemorate lost community members, and broadly express sex worker pride. Originating with the work of the artist/activist Tadej Pogačar and the P.A.R.A.S.I.T.E. Museum of Contemporary Art’s contribution to the 2001 Venice Biennale (“The Prostitute Pavilion”), red umbrellas were originally presented as a visual symbol of self-help, organization, and protection for sex workers. Since then the red umbrella has been adopted and adapted to a broader range of meanings related to sex worker activism, including decriminalization, opposition to antitrafficking discourse, and more. The umbrella has also come to convey the “big tent” concept—that all sex workers are together under its canopy, unified as one coalition. But like any symbol, the red umbrella’s use has limitations. The red umbrella risks amplifying negative rhetoric employed by the antitrafficking movement, which casts sex workers as passive victims in need of salvation, or of oversimplifying a complex, multifaceted political movement. The Curated Spaces section of this issue presents a brief history of the red umbrella as a symbol for sex workers’ rights and images that demonstrate its varied uses.
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Kim, Sooyoung. "Staying Backward with the History of Camptown Trans Sex Work." TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/23289252-10273154.
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Abstract Yangssaekshi (Western bride), Yanggongju (Western princess), and Yangggalbo (Western whore), also translated as “Camptown sex worker,” are the terms for South Korean women who provided sexual and service labor to the US soldiers during and after the Korean War. Yet buried here is a trans sex worker's history. What did it take for the contemporary South Korean trans community and trans studies globally to become detached from Camptown sex workers' knowledge and sociality? How has a certain universalized understanding of transness in trans studies alienated scholarship from Camptown sex workers' knowledge and blocked us South Koreans from positioning ourselves in the conventional trans genealogy? How has our omission preconditioned trans studies? Guided by decolonial trans scholarship, this essay thinks of the temporal narrativization of trans discourse, one that includes critical trans studies, that has formulated its own discursive territory through trans as a geopolitical marker of modernity.
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Jackson, Crystal A. "“Sex Workers Unite!”: U.S. Sex Worker Support Networks in an Era of Criminalization." WSQ: Women's Studies Quarterly 47, no. 3-4 (2019): 169–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wsq.2019.0049.
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Dwianggimawati, Mayta Sari, Sunardi Radiono, and Theodola Baning Rahayujati. "Faktor risiko servisitis pada wanita pekerja seks di kegiatan layanan infeksi menular seksual mobile." Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat 33, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/bkm.18003.
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Purpose: This study aimed to identify risk factors of cervicitis among female sex workers in the district of Cilacap. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. Total of respondents were 147 female sex workers who participated in the mobile sexual transmitted infection services. Demographic characteristic and risk factor data were collected by interviews using a structured questionnaire. Diagnosis of cervicitis was obtained by laboratory test with cervix swab. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression test with robust variance estimators.Results: Prevalence of cervicitis among female sex workers in the district of Cilacap were 70.75%. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors of cervicitis among female sex worker were: age ≤24 years old, income, childbirth history, number of clients per week, and inconsistent of condoms use.Conclusions: Results showed the need to increase awareness of condom use among female sex workers through health promotion and counseling in mobile sexual transmitted infection services by the teams of sexual transmitted infection clinics. Potential targets for outreach health promotions and counseling are younger female sex worker (≤30 years old).
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David, Donny, and Mety Rahmawati. "PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PIDANA PEKERJA SEKS KOMERSIAL BERDASARKAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 19 TAHUN 2016 TENTANG INFORMASI DAN TRANSAKSI ELEKTRONIK (STUDI KASUS: 516/PID.SUS/2017/PN.SMN." Jurnal Hukum Adigama 1, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 1478. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/adigama.v1i1.2219.
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The criminal liability issue of commercial sex workers is a hot issue among lawyers in Indonesia. Responsibility for criminal pimps has been positively regulated in legislation, but for commercial sex workers it certainly has not been explicit. That is the reason why this research is raised. The problem of this research is how criminal responsibility of commercial sex worker in prostitution crime through online media pursuant to Law Number 19 Year 2016 about amendment of Law Number 11 Year 2008 About Information and Electronic Transaction (Case Study: 516 / Pid. Sus / 2017 / PN Smn This research will be carried out using huku normati research method with case and law approach.The result of this research is that in Indonesia, criminal liability to commercial sex workers is not explicitly regulated, but implicitly regulated The legal umbrella that can be used to hold criminal liability for commercial sex workers is the Law on EIT, where if the commercial sex worker uses online media to prostitute herself, she may be held criminally liable.
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Brouwers, Lilith, and Tess Herrmann. "“We Have Advised Sex Workers to Simply Choose Other Options”—The Response of Adult Service Websites to COVID-19." Social Sciences 9, no. 10 (October 13, 2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci9100181.
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In-person sex work is one of the industries most directly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to connect with clients, most independent sex workers use adult service websites (ASWs), whose services range from simple advertising websites to platforms with both direct and indirect governance of workers. Although ASWs do not employ sex workers, their response to the pandemic has a large impact on sex workers’ financial and physical wellbeing. This effect is even stronger among migrant workers, who are less likely to qualify for, or be aware they qualify for, government support. This study reviews the response to COVID-19 of 45 of the leading ASWs in Britain, and triangulates the data with seven sex worker-led organisations. It shows a large variation in the responses of ASWs: the majority had no public response to the pandemic at all, a minority took intentional steps to support workers or donated to hardship funds for sex workers, and at least one ASW reduced their safety features during the pandemic. These findings illustrate that while most ASWs do not acknowledge the influence they have over the working practices of their service users and the shift of economic risk to them, some recognised the potential that their platforms have to support sex workers during crises.
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Desilva, Jennifer Mara, Emily K. McGuire, and Cory Balkenbusch. "Toleration of Sex Work in East-Central Indiana, 1880–1900." Indiana Magazine of History 119, no. 4 (December 2023): 331–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/imh.2023.a915903.
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ABSTRACT: From 1880 through the gas boom period (1887– 1900), several east-central Indiana towns and small cities hosted thriving brothel scenes. Toleration existed alongside campaigns to arrest and fine sex workers and their clients. Newspapers played an important role in the toleration dynamic, narrating efforts to regulate and suppress sex work, while cultivating public knowledge about sex workers and brothel locations. Exploring reportage of sex work and the municipal preference for fines over expulsion, trends emerge of the careers and migration of sex workers. In contrast to the 1858 prediction of New York City physician William Sanger that sex-worker careers lasted only a few years, newspapers reveal some women working for over a decade. Long careers signal toleration, which undermines the traditional narrative of gender-ratio imbalance prompting the arrival of sex workers in boom-towns. Mapping brothels and arrests in Muncie, Kokomo, and Elwood, Indiana, also challenges the existence of a single vice district in each city, revealing the integration of sex workers into the urban fabric.
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Berg, Heather. "“If You’re Going to Be Beautiful, You Better Be Dangerous”." Radical History Review 2024, no. 148 (January 1, 2024): 130–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-10846865.
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Abstract Refusing both sex workers’ state-produced vulnerability to violence and the state’s monopoly on protection, sex worker radicals articulate community defense as a practice of care. Grounded in interviews with thinkers of the sex worker Left and in sex workers’ cultural production, this article explores sex worker community defense with an eye to its relationship to past struggles and contributions to future ones. Chief among those is the abolitionist struggle for a world beyond prisons and policing. Sex worker abolitionists identify a tension between a vision of transformative justice that rejects violence and the understanding that transformation might not come without injury to those who do violence on behalf of the state. Sex worker abolitionists seek resources for navigating this tactical ambivalence in Black radical, decolonial, and queer and feminist traditions. Many wonder if building new worlds will require a transitional program of militant community defense, even retribution.
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Koenig, Brett, Alka Murphy, Spencer Johnston, Jennie Pearson, Rod Knight, Mark Gilbert, Kate Shannon, and Andrea Krüsi. "Digital Exclusion and the Structural Barriers to Safety Strategies among Men and Non-Binary Sex Workers Who Solicit Clients Online." Social Sciences 11, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci11070318.
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Background: Evidence shows that online solicitation facilitates sex workers’ ability to mitigate the risk of workplace violence. However, little is known about how end-demand sex work criminalization and the regulation of online sex work sites shape men and non-binary sex workers’ ability to maintain their own safety while soliciting services online. Methods: We conducted 21 semi-structured interviews with men and non-binary sex workers in British Columbia between 2020–2021 and examined their ability to enact safety strategies online in the context of end-demand criminalization. Analysis drew on a structural determinants of health framework. Results: Most participants emphasized that sex work is not inherently dangerous and described how soliciting services online facilitated their ability to enact personal safety strategies and remain in control of client interactions. However, participants also described how end-demand criminalization, sex work stigma, and restrictive website policies compromise their ability to solicit services online and to enact safety strategies. Conclusions: Alongside calls to decriminalize sex work, these findings emphasize the need to normalize sex work as a form of labour, promote access to online solicitation among men and non-binary sex workers, and develop standards for online sex work platforms in partnership with sex workers that prioritize sex worker safety.
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Lam, Elene, and Annalee Lepp. "Butterfly: Resisting the harms of anti-trafficking policies and fostering peer-based organising in Canada." Anti-Trafficking Review, no. 12 (April 2, 2019): 91–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.14197/atr.201219126.
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Drawing on knowledge gleaned from over four years of community organising and from the ongoing compilation of the experiences of Asian and migrant sex workers in Canada, this article presents a case study of the work of Butterfly, a migrant sex worker-led and sex worker-focused organisation. It explores how Butterfly, through various mediums, has sought to challenge the discourses, laws, and policies that negatively impact Asian and migrant sex workers. It also highlights how the organisation, through its peer-based model and activities and its radical centring of the voices and experiences of Asian and migrant sex workers, is able to more effectively address their everyday realities and struggles. In this way, Butterfly offers a grassroots alternative to the often detrimental prohibitionist and anti-trafficking interventions undertaken by governments, law enforcement, and social service organisations.
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Vanajakshi, E., and G. Sharadaambi. "Problems of Women Domestic Workers and Sex Workers." Afro Asian Journal of Anthropology and Social Policy 4, no. 1 (2013): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2229-4414.4.1.002.
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DeWolf, Julie E. "Sex Workers and the Best Interests of their Children: Issues Faced by Sex Workers Involved in Custody and Access Legal Proceedings." Windsor Yearbook of Access to Justice 37, no. 1 (May 16, 2022): 312–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/wyaj.v37i1.7280.
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Sex worker parents often lose custody of their children. The purpose of this research was to study theimpact of a parent’s status as a past or present sex worker on judicial decision-making in custody and access disputes. Through doctrinal legal research, I explored judicial treatment of sex workers involved in custody and access disputes in Child Protection and Family Law case law from Ontario. I reviewed every reference to parental involvement in sex work from Child Protection and Family Law decisions from January 2010-March 2020. Parental involvement in sex work was often presented as an unfavourable aspect of the parent, or otherwise had a negative influence on their claim. Sex work was treated as a negative quality in a parent rather than an aspect of their life warranting further factual exploration. I argue that stigma against sex workers appears to carry more weight in custody and access disputes than evidence concerning the impact that a parent’s sex work has on a child.
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Rabiah, Masayu Gemala, Rini Mutahar, and Rico Januar Sitorus. "The Risk Factors Analysis Occurrence of Chlamydia Infection to Direct Female Seks Workers (DFSW) in Indonesia." E3S Web of Conferences 68 (2018): 01024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186801024.
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Chlamydia infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections worldwide. Based on data of IBBS 2015 in Indonesia, the highest prevalence of chlamydia occurred in direct female sex worker group (32.21%). This study a STIs to determine the risk factors for chlamydia infection in direct sex workers. This research uses Cross-Sectional study design. The population of this study were all direct female sex workers as many as 3,789 people with samples in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria as many as 3.114 people. The prevalence of direct female sex workers with chlamydia infection was 1.018 (32.4%). The result of the analysis showed that there was a relationship between age (PR: 0.541 95% CI: 0.456-0.643) and length of work as FDSW (PR: 1,.60, 95% CI: 1.087-1.512) chlamydia infection in female sex workers in Indonesia. most dominant variable has an effect on the incidence of chlamydia infection that is long working as FDSW after controlled by age (PR 1.282 95% CI: 1.087-1,.12). It is expected for the government to improve the implementation of prevention program of chlamydia not only among female sex worker but also proactive to customer.
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Ondrášek, Stanislav, Zuzana Řimnáčová, and Alena Kajanová. "“It’s also a kind of adrenalin competition” – selected aspects of the sex trade as viewed by clients." Human Affairs 28, no. 1 (January 26, 2018): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humaff-2018-0003.
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AbstractThe main goal of the article is to describe selected aspects of the sex trade as viewed by clients who make use of the services provided by sex workers. We use data obtained through a content analysis of selected topics discussed on an erotic forum called Nornik.net. The topics were: Can a person stop “screwing”?; what was your first contact with the sex trade and how can a person hide their visits to sex workers? In the course of the analysis, we identified an additional category that featured in all the topics: “trophy collecting”. The discussants perceive sex workers as a commodity to be purchased and subsequently evaluated. The discussants tended to compete among themselves to visit the most sex workers or to be first to visit the latest sex worker. The discussion forum serves as a support centre and contains hints and tips on different areas of “screwing” and related issues. The forum also displays certain features of a community.
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Lee, Eunbi. "Erotic Remembrance in (Digital) Vigils for Asian Migrant Massage/Sex Workers #Songyang and #8liveslost." Feminist Formations 35, no. 3 (December 2023): 82–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ff.2023.a916571.
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Abstract: Song Yang, an Asian migrant massage/sex worker in Flushing, New York, fell to her death from a fourth-floor building when police raided her massage spa in 2017, and in 2021 six Asian migrant massage/sex workers were killed in the Atlanta spa shootings by a white supremacist. Their deaths have led Asian American and migrant sex workers and allies to create in-person and online vigils where they transform grief and pain into love and care for sex workers, and challenge racial and sexual forms of violence against Asian women that occur under the guise of anti-sex work and trafficking movements. Based on in-person and digital performance ethnography, this research proposes a theoretical framework of "Erotic Remembrance" to affirm the ways in which spiritual and artistic performances in these vigils spark political action to deconstruct the anti-sex work and human trafficking frameworks and imagine a better world for Asian migrant massage/sex workers.
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Archibald, C. P., R. K. W. Chan, M. L. Wong, A. Goh, and C. L. Goh. "Evaluation of a Safe-Sex Intervention Programme among Sex Workers in Singapore." International Journal of STD & AIDS 5, no. 4 (July 1994): 268–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095646249400500408.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a brief intervention programme on STD knowledge, condom use and gonorrhoea incidence among sex workers in Singapore. A controlled before-and-after study design with non-random assignment of sex workers was used, supplemented by multivariate analysis to adjust for baseline differences. Control ( n = 221, denoted C1) and experimental ( n = 221, denoted E1) groups were interviewed on 2 occasions 3 months apart. Two supplementary groups were interviewed once each at the end of the 3-month period ( n = 145 who had received the intervention and n = 151 who had not). Basic knowledge of STD symptoms and HIV transmission was high in all groups. There were misconceptions about casual transmission of HIV which improved dramatically at the second interview for group El (from 37–56% correct responses to 82–90%). Overall condom use was high (about 75%) and did not change after the intervention. Gonorrhoea rates were correspondingly low (0.4 episodes/worker/year) and also did not change. This brief intervention improved the STD knowledge of sex workers. However, behaviour as measured by reported condom use and gonorrhoea incidence did not change. Implications for future intervention programmes are discussed.
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Maynard-Tucker, Giselle. "Are Lessons Learned? The Case of a Sex Workers' Project in Madagascar." Practicing Anthropology 24, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.24.2.tr688g6x264200r6.
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All over the world prostitution is linked to poverty and the responsibility for aged parents and large families. Women who have little or no education and who lack job skills fall into prostitution because they see no other alternative. Social rehabilitation of sex workers should be the priority of government programs like the one described by Tabibul Islam in Contemporary Women's Issues (Rights-Bangladesh: New Attempt to Rehabilitate Sex Workers, from Global Information Network 1999). In various parts of the world there are NGOs (non-governmental organizations) involved in health developmental issues and the prevention of AIDS, and some are offering rehabilitation programs for sex workers. For example in Bamako, Thailand, India, Haiti, and Viet Nam, some NGOs are educating sex workers about the risks of Sexually Transmiitted Diseases (STDs) and HIV/AIDS and promoting job programs along with training classes in sewing, cooking and secretarial skills. Others are involved in the development of small businesses so that sex workers become economically independent from the sex industry (see Women, Poverty and AIDS: Sex, Drugs and Structural Violence. Edited by Farmer, Paul, Margaret Connors Margaret, and Jane Simmons. Monroe, ME: Common Courage Press. 1996). This paper examines a project implemented in 1993 and 1997 in Antananarivo (Madagascar) for the purpose of empowering a group of sex workers. The project sponsored by foreign donors had the goal of training about 50 sex-workers in sewing and embroidery skills for the making of clothing and household goods for the tourist market. The main purpose was to promote the social reinstatement of sex workers by giving them the opportunity to learn new skills that would enable them to support themselves with dignity.
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Dziuban, Agata. "Threats, Victims and Unimaginable Subjects of Rights: A Genealogy of Sex Worker Governance in Poland." Studies in Social Justice 18, no. 2 (April 4, 2024): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/ssj.v18i2.4382.
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This paper sketches the emergence of, and shifts within, the social, legal, and political figurations of sex workers in Poland. By adopting a genealogical perspective, I investigate how sex workers have been (re)constituted as subjects of governance and unimaginable social justice claimants in legislation, political debates, and law enforcement strategies. With a broad temporal scope, this article traces continuities, transformations, and disruptions within modes of sex work governance in Poland from the adoption of the first laws relating to sex work enacted during the early 19th century to the present day. Through analysis of policy documents, scholarly work on the history of sex work policies in Poland, and personal accounts by sex workers, I identify and examine two dominant discursive and legal figurations of a sex worker: as a threat, and as a victim in need of rescue and protection. While analysing the emergence of and interplay between these two figurations, this article demonstrates how these seemingly contradictory frames of recognition gradually conjoined within 20th-century Polish sex work governance strategies, rendering sex workers unimaginable subjects of rights and social justice claimants.
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Beebe, Bianca. "“Shut Up and Take My Money!”: Revenue Chokepoints, Platform Governance, and Sex Workers’ Financial Exclusion." International Journal of Gender, Sexuality and Law 2, no. 1 (July 6, 2022): 140–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijgsl.v2i1.1258.
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Sex work regulation is often debated from the perspective of state control: legalization vs decriminalization, ‘end demand’ vs criminalization. Ultimately, these debates center the State as the most significant arbiter in sex workers’ ability to conduct business. This paper contends that while state legislation has a significant effect on the material lives of sex workers, the terms of service of the US-based, privatized financial industry has a more immediate and widespread affect. Most sex workers make use of online payment applications as well as social media, even though both are highly discriminatory toward sex workers, regardless of the legal status of one’s employment as a sex worker, or even the laws in which the worker conducts their business. Rather than being treated as a luxury or privilege, access to both the worldwide web and the global network of banking are essential rights that enable full participation in contemporary society. Through an analysis of platform governance and revenue chokepoints, this paper argues that payment intermediaries function as an extra-legal regulation of sex work that has a more profound effect on sex workers’ material reality than State legislation, as these intermediaries control how they are able to secure business and be paid for it without having to answer to a voting demographic. Most of the world’s major social media and payment processing applications are based in the United States, which enables it to export the repercussions of the stigmatization and criminalization of sex work even within the boundaries of countries with differing legislation.
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Febrina, Lidya. "Strategi Peer Educator untuk Peningkatan Kesadaran Pekerja Seks Perempuan terhadap Kesehatan Reproduksi." Jurnal Sosiologi Andalas 6, no. 1 (April 1, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jsa.6.1.1-11.2020.
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This article presents the results of research on peer educator strategies to raise female sex workers' awareness of reproductive health. The objectives of this study were 1) to describe the strategies used by peer educators to build sex worker awareness of workers' reproductive health; 2) Identifying barriers to peer educators in providing education on reproductive health to female sex workers. To achieve the research objectives, the theory used is the Social Exchange Theory of George C, Homans and the research approach used is qualitative with descriptive research type. To obtain data, researchers used in-depth interviews and observation techniques. The results showe that the strategies used by peer educators in providing education about reproductive health were: coercion, giving advice, and persuasion. Meanwhile, the obstacles found by peer educators in providing education on reproductive health were: the imbalance of exchanges between peer educators and female sex workers and the distrust of female sex workers in peer educators.
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Ardi, Muhamad Khalif, Supanto Supanto, and Rehnalemken Ginting. "Criminalization of Commercial Sex Workers and Service Users of Commercial Sex Workers in Criminal Law Renewal." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 8, no. 12 (December 4, 2021): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v8i12.3203.
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The purpose of this study is to look at the regulation of the actions of workers and service users of commercial sex workers in the current criminal law and to see the regulation of the actions of workers and service users of commercial sex workers in the future. This research is a normative research or doctrinal legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study are that there is no clear regulation in Indonesian criminal law regarding criminal liability for the actions of workers and service users of commercial sex workers other than those contained in certain regional regulations, and in the future with the criminalization of acts of sexual intercourse outside the marriage bond as an act The criminal complaint in the Draft Criminal Code (RKUHP) must be changed into a form of ordinary crime so as not to limit the movement of law enforcement officers in carrying out law enforcement related to the actions of workers and users of commercial sex workers.
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Bates, Julie, and Rigmor Berg. "Sex Workers as Safe Sex Advocates: Sex Workers Protect Both Themselves and the Wider Community From HIV." AIDS Education and Prevention 26, no. 3 (June 2014): 191–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/aeap.2014.26.3.191.
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Marsih, Linusia, and Christine Saragih. "SEX WORKER STIGMA IN MAUPASSANT’S “BOULE DE SUIF” AND TIRTAWIRYA’S “CATATAN SEORANG PELACUR”." Anaphora: Journal of Language, Literary and Cultural Studies 4, no. 2 (January 31, 2022): 162–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30996/anaphora.v4i2.6072.
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This study aims to reveal stigma toward sex worker depicted in two literary texts i. e. a short story entitled “Boule de Suif” by Guy de Maupassant, a French writer and a short story entitled “Catatan Seorang Pelacur” by Putu Arya Tirtawirya, an Indonesian writer. The two short stories are chosen for the reason that both works depect the life of a female sex worker. This study is designed as a descriptive qualitative study with sociological approach. The sociological approach is applied because this study looks at society’s views on female sex workers tht is reflected in the short stories. Moreover, theories of stigma are reviewed to support the analysis. The Analysis is focused on the sex worker stigma, the manifestation of stigmatization against sex workers, how the female sex worker in each short story responds to the stigmatization, and whether authors of the short stories affirm or criticize their society.