Academic literature on the topic 'Sex role – Political aspects – United States'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Sex role – Political aspects – United States.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Sex role – Political aspects – United States"
1
AGGARWAL, VINOD K., and ANDREW W. REDDIE. "New Economic Statecraft: Industrial Policy in an Era of Strategic Competition." Issues & Studies 56, no. 02 (June 2020): 2040006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1013251120400068.
Full textAbstract:
The 2018 U.S. National Defense Strategy notes that the United States faces “an increasingly complex global security environment, characterized by overt challenges to the free and open international order and the re-emergence of long-term, strategic competition between nations.” In the ensuing months, much has been made of the security-related aspects of this return to great power competition — including Donald Trump’s role in the decline of the existing arms control architecture, responses to Russia’s annexation of Ukraine, and China’s use of subconventional — or “gray zone” — military operations in the South China Sea. What this analysis tends to miss, however, are the economic dimensions of strategic competition. To address the question of how insights from international political economy and security studies can be usefully combined to examine strategic competition, we examine how economic statecraft increasingly takes the form of economic policy beyond sanctions regimes. We argue that economic statecraft has become an increasingly central aspect of geostrategic consideration and consider how economic statecraft is being transformed in the current era.
2
Taxel, Joel. "Multicultural Literature and the Politics of Reaction." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 98, no. 3 (March 1997): 417–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146819709800302.
Full textAbstract:
The social climate of the United States of today is dramatically different from that which gave birth to multicultural children's literature. Conservatism's rise to political ascendancy has sharpened the contentious “culture wars” that surround virtually all aspects of American culture. One important dimension of today's conservative movement is a backlash against the multicultural movement. Conservative defenders of the traditional literary canon, for example, see multicultural literature as a threat to the very fabric of Western civilization. Within children's literature circles, charges abound that advocates of multicultural literature are ignoring traditional literary values and are focusing instead on ill-defined notions of “political correctness.” This article explores this complex issue and the challenges it poses to those concerned with the creation, production, distribution, and consumption of children's literature. The discussion addresses questions that speak to the very nature and function of children's literature: its status as art, as entertainment, as a source of role models and ideology for children's “impressionable” minds. Also discussed is the relation between the politically charged question of whether books about African Americans are to be written only by African Americans, books about Native Americans by Native Americans, and so forth, and the freedom of writers to write without restriction.
3
Murodjon, Berdimuradov. "THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES IN THE 21ST CENTURY." European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies 02, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-02-10-35.
Full textAbstract:
With the collapse of the Soviet Union in the 1991s Central Asian nations and Japan established diplomatic relations and partnerships began to increase steadily as manifested by the level of official contacts. In 1997 the “Silk Road” Diplomacy concept was formulated for Japan’s policy toward Central Asia. At the beginning of the 21st century, we see the activation of new actors including India, Korea, and Japan in Central Asia, which were mainly welcomed in the region. Tokyo recognized the growing strategic importance of Central Asia in the context of international security and sought to play a more active role as an Asian nation in Eurasia. During two decades Central Asian nations and Japan began to increase steadily. Japan is one of the largest assistants to Central Asia in structural reforms and Japanese investments in the different aspects of the region's economy and transport communication add up to several billion. There are several areas of special interest to Japan in its relations with Central Asia, including cooperation in education, economic development of the region, political reforms, as well as energy resources. Japan’s effort in creating the “Central Asia plus Japan” dialog is part of its multilateral diplomacy. At the same time, there are some challenges and problems in Central Asia–Japan relations. However, there are potentialities for future bilateral and multilateral relations. Japan like Korea, India, and other countries has a strong positive image in Central Asia, which could be regarded as an additional factor for fostering partnerships between Central and East Asia as well as interregional relations with the vast Asian continent and beyond. This article explores the interests of the Central Asian states as members of the SCO, and their compatibility with the SCO goals. This study shows that the SCO is compatible with the Central Asian states' security and economic interests, regional cooperation, and the need for balanced relations with the great powers— China, Russia, and the United States.
4
SONG, XINNING. "European ‘models’ and their implications to China: internal and external perspectives." Review of International Studies 36, no. 3 (July 2010): 755–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210510000835.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractEuropean Studies in China developed very rapidly in the last twenty years. The reasons for that are not only because of the smooth evolution of EU-China relations and wider and deeper economic interdependence between two economic giants, but also the relevance of the European models to China's domestic political and social development, as well as China's external relations. The article reviews the evolution of the European Studies in China and finds out that more and more research on European affairs relates to China's internal and external development. Two major aspects of the learning process are exploited further. Firstly, European models for China's domestic political and social development, including European party politics and Democratic Socialism, European social policy and social security systems, and European regional policies. Secondly, European models for China's foreign policy and external relations, including European neighbourhood policy, European concept of effective multilateralism, Europe as an example of peaceful rise, and functionalism as the way to East Asian regional integration. The EU or Europe has higher profile in China than any other Asia Pacific country. From the domestic political and social development and China's preference in international affairs we can see the silhouette of the European models. Chinese would like to learn more from Europe than the United States. It also shows clearly that the role of the EU as a social power.
5
Idris, Idris, and Taufik Rachmat Nugraha. "Does the International Community Have Efforts to Protect the Marine Environment from Seabed Mining?" Sriwijaya Law Review 5, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.28946/slrev.vol5.iss2.1017.pp273-286.
Full textAbstract:
Through the United Nations, the international community is seriously paying attention to the use of seabed areas as regulated by the Law of the Sea Convention 1982, which states that the area and its resources are the common heritage of humankind. The 1994 Agreement has implemented chapter XI. The resources are relating to the state's interests in terms of energy exploration and environmental impact aspects. An increasing need for global electronic products by many countries in which of the components are rare minerals. Various minerals such as manganese, polymetallic nodules, and polymetallic sulphur are lying down in the seabed. However, seabed also had an essential role in keeping the marine ecosystem balanced. On the one hand, the human's need for those minerals also cannot be denied. Draft of regulations by the International Seabed Authority to manage deep-sea mining are still insufficient to prevent irrevocable damage to the marine ecosystem and loss of essentials species for the next. On the other hand, the spirit of Sustainable Development Goals 14 concerns life underwater. This paper examines deep-sea mining science from a legal perspective to protect and preserve seabed for the future generation using normative approach describing norms and principles in the Law of the Sea Convention 1982. As a result, the commercialisation of deep-sea mining violates the principle of the convention. Thus, it needs to encourage ISA to enhance the minimum requirements for all contracting parties in the future.
6
Koshkin, P. "Information and political aspects of the Covid-19 pandemic in the United States." Pathways to Peace and Security, no. 2 (2020): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/2307-1494-2020-2-120-132.
Full textAbstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic became the main catalyst of the so-called infodemic in the sphere of public information and communications. The article is an attempt to systematize and conceptualize informational and political aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. First, the author explains how the Trump administration responded to the COVID-19 outbreak in the United States both domestically and internationally and how it presented its anti-coronavirus policy to the public. Second, the article analyzes the role of journalists, experts and politicians in instigating or curbing the COVID-19-driven ― infodemic‖ in the United States as coronavirus paved the way for global spread.
7
Beer, Caroline, and Victor D. Cruz-Aceves. "Extending Rights to Marginalized Minorities: Same-Sex Relationship Recognition in Mexico and the United States." State Politics & Policy Quarterly 18, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532440017751421.
Full textAbstract:
What explains the extension of greater rights to traditionally marginalized minorities? This article compares the extension of legal equality to lebian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) people in Mexico and the United States with a focus on the legal recognition of same-sex relationships. A national-level comparison of gay rights in Mexico and the United States presents a theoretical puzzle: most theories predict that the United States would have more egalitarian policies than Mexico, but in fact, Mexico has provided greater legal equality for LGBT people for a longer time than the United States. A subnational analysis of equal relationship rights in the United States and Mexico provides evidence to support social movement and partisan theories of minority rights. We find that religion plays a different role in Mexico than in the United States. The different findings at the national and subnational levels suggest the importance of subnational comparative analysis in heterogeneous federal systems.
8
Figueredo, Darío Salinas. "The United States and Latin America: Beyond Free Trade." Critical Sociology 38, no. 2 (September 9, 2011): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0896920511419905.
Full textAbstract:
Trade policies have long been configured into the history of Latin America. In virtually all such policies, US interests can be readily discerned. Recent experiences in a neoliberal context have witnessed a rearrangement of interests, forces, and scenarios at the global level. The weakening of the role of the state in allocating resources and in defining national agendas has been notable. Wherever proposals for democratization have appeared and have sought to distance themselves from hegemonic policies, the issues of free trade and commerce begin to reveal important aspects of interrelationship between development, regional integration, cooperation, and security.
9
Pierceson, Jason. "Same-sex Marriage in Canada and the United States: The Role of Political and Legal Culture." American Review of Canadian Studies 44, no. 3 (July 3, 2014): 321–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02722011.2014.939421.
Full text
10
Davis, M. Elaine. "Archaeology education and the political landscape of American schools." Antiquity 74, no. 283 (March 2000): 194–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00066369.
Full textAbstract:
Education, a primary mode for transmitting society's knowledge, values and beliefs, is a highly political endeavour. To understand fully the place of archaeology within the framework of public education in the United States, some background in the broader political landscape and sanctioned curricula in American schools is necessary. This article examines some key aspects of these issues, including governmental control of education, the ‘history of history’ in schools, and the appropriation of the past. It also looks at the status of archaeology education in the United States and considers an appropriate role for pre-college archaeology.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sex role – Political aspects – United States"
1
Buttsworth, Sara. "Body count : the politics of representing the gendered body in combat in Australia and the United States." University of Western Australia. History Discipline Group, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0023.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is an exploration of the construction of the gendered body in combat in the late twentieth century, in Australia and the United States of America. While it is not a military history, aspects of military history, and representations of war and warriors are used as the vehicle for the analysis of the politics of representing gender. The mythic, the material and the media(ted) body of the gendered warrior are examined in the realms of ‘real’ military histories and news coverage, and in the ‘speculative’ arena of popular culture. Through this examination, the continuities and ruptures inherent in the gendered narratives of war and warriors are made apparent, and the operation of the politics of representing gender in the public arena is exposed. I have utilised a number of different approaches from different disciplines in the construction of this thesis: feminist and non-feminist responses to women in the military; aspects of military histories and mythologies of war specific to Australia and the United States; theories on the construction of masculinities and femininities; approaches to gender identity in popular news media, film and television. Through these approaches I have sought to bring together the history of women in the military institutions of Australia and the United States, and examine the nexus between the expansion of women’s military roles and the emergence of the female warrior hero in popular culture. I have, as a result, analysed the constructions of masculinity and femininity that inform the ongoing association of the military with ‘quintessential masculinity’, and deconstructed the real and the mythic corporeal capacities of the gendered body so important to warrior identity. Regardless, or perhaps because of, the importance of gender politics played out in and through the representations of soldier identity, all their bodies must be considered speculative.
2
Okoro, Iheanyi Emmanuel. "The Role of the U.S. Mass Media in the Political Socialization of Nigerian Immigrants in the United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279111/.
Full textAbstract:
A mail survey of Nigerian immigrants in Dallas, Texas, and Chicago, Illinois, was conducted during October and November 1995. Four hundred and sixty-eight Nigerian immigrant families in the two cities were selected by systematic sampling through the telephone books. Return rate was approximately 40% (187). The variables included in the study were media exposure variables, general demographics, immigration traits, U.S. demographics, Nigerian demographics, and political and cultural traits. New variables which had not been included in previous studies were also tested in this study: television talk shows, talk radio, diffuse support for the U.S. political system, authoritarianism, self-esteem, and political participation. This study employed multiple regression analysis and path analysis of the data. This study found that Nigerian immigrants have high preference for television news as their main source of political information. This finding is in consonance with previous studies. Nigerian immigrants chose ABC news stations as their number one news station for political information. Strong positive associations existed between media exposure and length of stay in the United States and interest in U.S. politics. Talk radio positively associated with interest in U.S. politics and negatively associated with length of stay in the United States. Thus, this finding likely means that talk radio is a good source of political socialization for more recently arrived immigrants and those interested in U.S. politics. Significant associations existed between diffuse support for the U.S. government and interest in politics and security of immigration status. This study also found that adjustment to U.S. political culture was a function of media exposure, pre-immigration social class, diffuse support for the U.S. political system, and political knowledge.
3
Pye, Danielle R. "The making of the female president : Hillary's performance of gender in Time." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1397648.
Full textAbstract:
As the 2008 presidential election nears, the Democrats get closer and closer to supporting one of two presidential nominees—a Black man or a White woman—both of whom represent demographic groups that have yet to be seen occupying the White House. This creates a unique opportunity for observing the process of transformation and the fluidity of one of some of our most fundamental concepts (i.e., `president' and `woman') through the print media. Therefore, this thesis examines the process of transformation by analyzing the role of Hillary Clinton's gender performances in TIME Magazine.This thesis examines Hillary Clinton's thirteen appearances on the cover of TIME and the corresponding articles, between 1992 and 2008. Through a qualitative content analysis, this analysis combines Judith Butler's theory of gender performitivity and the concept of subversion with more traditional conceptions of male and female gender roles, a in order to assess the subversive potential of Hillary Clinton's mediated gender performances. Specifically, this thesis addresses the following research questions:RQ 1: In what ways does Hillary simultaneously embody both male and femalegender performances?RQ 2: How do mediated gender performances differ from immediate gender performances?RQ 3: How do these performances work to produce her public identity?RQ 4: Do Hillary's gender performances subvert the heterosexual matrix? Or do they reinforce it?This analysis contributes to the theory of gender performance by demonstrating the potential for a methodological application based on the logical consequence of reconstructing gender—even if such reconstruction is based on false pretenses. Furthermore, it contributes to the communication discipline by offering practical guidelines for analyzing and predicting subversive potential.Department of Communication Studies
4
Hines, Beverly Jean. "The effects of exposure to female role models on female career self-efficacy for perceived male-dominated occupations." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/699.
Full text
5
Leung, Wing-kwan, and 梁永坤. "Gender representation in personal ads in Hong Kong and the U.S.: a linguistic investigation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42128572.
Full text
6
Shukalo, Alice Marie. "Communing with the gods: body building, masculinity, and U.S. imperialism, 1875-1900." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1716.
Full text
7
Bruno, Edward Louis. "Reverend Jesse Jackson's rhetorical strategy : a case for the functional role of Narratio." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35776.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to investigate the
rhetorical strategies used by Reverend Jesse L. Jackson
from the 1970's to the 1990's. Specifically, this study
examines Jackson's use of narrative to empower himself, his
constituency, and his political ideologies without
possessing a traditional political platform. Jackson
raised political and social consciousness regarding the
positions he held by telling persuasive, strategically
constructed narratives. By examining Jackson's narrated
approach to politics, arguments can be constructed to
demonstrate how Jackson rhetorically operates from an
unorthodox platform in the political arena. A
functionalist view of narrative, as defined by Lucaites and
Condit (1985), is applied to Jackson's 1984, 1988, and 1992
Democratic National Convention addresses in order to
account for "tangible" objectives being carried out by the
narrative discourse form. In doing so, the study argues
that Jackson's narratives initially functioned: to empower
Jackson and the Rainbow Coalition; to bolster public
approval ratings of Jackson from 30% to 54%; and later to
promote Statehood for Washington D.C.Graduation date: 1994
8
Chalmers, Jennifer Joan. "Why marry? : an economic analysis of the male marriage premium." Phd thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/146116.
Full text
9
Pearson, Jennifer Darlene. "Young women's sexual agency in the transition to adulthood." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/17860.
Full textAbstract:
Young women’s sexual attitudes, experiences, and sense of self develop within multiple social contexts, including the schools in which they spend so much of their time, their romantic and sexual relationships, and a larger normative climate of expectations and beliefs about sexuality. Girls may struggle to develop a healthy view of their sexuality in the face of prevailing sexual beliefs that in many ways deny girls’ sexual desire and define female sexuality as passive and vulnerable. Despite these negative messages, however, many girls do develop positive attitudes about their sexuality, feeling entitled to sexual pleasure and safety. This study explores how young women develop this sense of sexual agency during adolescence and the transition to adulthood. Using longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, I place adolescent sexual development in a social context, by considering the role of schools and early sexual relationships in young women’s developing sexual agency. Additionally, I consider the consequences of girls’ sexual attitudes and first sexual experiences not only for their sexual health but for their later sexual relationships as well. Finally, I consider how young women’s experience of sexual agency may be connected to another manifestation of gender inequality in relationships - housework. Findings suggest that girls’ attitudes toward sex and contraception are related to their sexual relationships in adulthood: girls who see sex as having negative consequences - either for their social relationships, their sense of self, or their future - are less likely to experience sexual agency in their adult relationships. Results also suggest that schools may play contradictory roles in girls’ sexual empowerment, as girls who do well in school were more confident about their ability to use contraception but were also more likely to associate sex with guilt and shame. Additionally, schools provide a peer context for the development of sexual attitudes. Finally, results suggest that explanations for gender inequality in housework are less relevant for sexual behavior, though women and men who are committed to equality in their relationships are likely to be more egalitarian in both housework and sex.text
10
Derico, Brian Thomas. "Rhetoric, religion and epistemological stumbling blocks : a rhetorical analysis of the Stone-Campbell movement's failure to achieve unity." 2013. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1738079.
Full textAbstract:
Access to abstract permanently restricted to Ball State community only.Explanations of the failure of unity in the Stone-Campbell movement -- Rhetorical flexibility in common sense philosophy -- Rhetoric about women in the first half of the 19th century -- Rhetoric about women in the second half of the 19th century -- Developing a new rhetorical practice.
Access to thesis permanently restricted to Ball State community only.
Department of English
Books on the topic "Sex role – Political aspects – United States"
1
Horn, Sheeler Kristina K., ed. Governing codes: Gender, metaphor, and political identity. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2005.
Find full text
2
The gendering of American politics: Founding mothers, founding fathers, and political patriarchy. Westport, Conn: Praeger, 1999.
Find full text
3
The fair sex: White women and racial patriarchy in the early American Republic. New York: New York University Press, 2002.
Find full text
4
New women of the old faith: Gender and American Catholicism in the progressive era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2009.
Find full text
5
Free hearts and free homes: Gender and American antislavery politics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
Find full text
6
Imperial brotherhood: Gender and the making of Cold War foreign policy. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 2001.
Find full text
7
Women and the historical enterprise in America: Gender, race, and the politics of memory, 1880-1945. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
Find full text
8
The wimp factor: Gender gaps, holy wars, and the politics of anxious masculinity. Boston: Beacon Press, 2004.
Find full text
9
Jody, Newman, and Leighton Melissa Voorhees 1969-, eds. Sex as a political variable: Women as candidates and voters in U.S. elections. Boulder, Colo: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 1997.
Find full text
10
Facing America: Iconography and the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2004.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Sex role – Political aspects – United States"
1
Ramon, Shulamit. "Social work approaches to mental health work: international trends." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1408–13. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0178.
Full textAbstract:
Mental health social work is a broad, rather than a rigorous, church. Since the 1980s social workers have gained in professional status by the introduction of the roles of the approved social worker (or licensed to carry out civil commitment in the American context), care co-ordinators, managers of managed care facilities, or psychotherapists. These gains have come at a price outlined in the text above. Often the cost of closer collaboration within the multi-disciplinary framework has led to the risk of giving up the attempt to hold on to, and further develop, an alternative and complimentary perspective from that of psychiatrists, nurses, or psychologists, as well as raising doubts as to the uniqueness of MHSW. The increased narrowness of the role is not simply the byproduct of the legal framework. It is also due to increased specialization within mental health on the one hand, and the effects of neo- liberal policies globally on public sector funding on the other hand. The move to privately contracted work, either in managed care or in psychotherapy so apparent in the United States, is yet another outcome of neo-liberal policies which fragments MHSW. As a trend we are likely to see growing beyond the United States, the increased concentration of mental health social workers within the private sector does not bode well for a profession whose value base focuses on the need to protect the more vulnerable and stigmatized populations, and to provide the dual perspectives of psychosocial input. Mainly due to governmental pressure related to fear of risk and its potential political fallout, the focus on working exclusively with people experiencing long-term severe mental illness has contributed to the increasing narrowness of the role of social workers in most First World countries. The paralleled withdrawal of social work involvement with people who have milder forms of mental distress within public sector and not-for-profit services, and its increased availability only to those who can afford it, is a reflection of this situation. The core qualities of belief, optimism, and caring of MHSWs identified in a cross-national research coupled with the ability of MHSW to innovate as highlighted in this chapter, illustrate the optimistic scenario for positive change within this branch of social work. However, unless theory building and research aspects are given the importance they deserve within MHSW globally, including an inevitable critical dimension of the existing system, mental health social work is likely to be no more than a reflection of the developments in other professions. This will not only mean curtailing its autonomous potential, but also the impoverishment of the multi-disciplinary framework as a whole of a crucial dimension necessary for its comprehensive work, as exemplified in some recent work on the social aspects of MHSW. In addition, mental health social work will have to develop a much stronger policy making function, if it is to provide a more responsive, effective, and comprehensive service to users, relatives, and the communities in which these people live.
2
Baarda, Rachel, and Rocci Luppicini. "Shaping Digital Democracy in the United States." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 213–31. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6122-6.ch014.
Full textAbstract:
Ethical challenges that technology poses to the different spheres of society are a core focus within the field of technoethics. Over the last few years, scholars have begun to explore the ethical implications of new digital technologies and social media, particularly in the realms of society and politics. A qualitative case study was conducted on Barack Obama's campaign social networking site, my.barackobama.com, in order to investigate the ways in which the website uses or misuses digital technology to create a healthy participatory democracy. For an analysis of ethical and non-ethical ways to promote participatory democracy online, the study included theoretical perspectives such as the role of the public sphere in a participatory democracy and the effects of political marketing on the public sphere. The case study included a content analysis of the website and interviews with members of groups on the site. The study's results are explored in this chapter.
3
Batista, Sharon M., and Harold W. Goforth. "Diagnosis of Psychiatric Disorders." In Handbook of AIDS Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195372571.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
As we enter the third decade of the AIDS pandemic, persons with AIDS are living longer and healthier lives as a result of appropriate medical care and advances in antiretroviral therapy. In the United States and throughout the world, however, some men, women, and children with AIDS are unable to benefit from this medical progress because of inadequate access to care. A multiplicity of barriers involving economic, social, political, and psychiatric factors contribute to this lack of access. For this and other reasons, psychiatric factors take on new relevance and meaning in this stage of the pandemic (Cohen, 2008). Psychiatric disorders and distress play a significant role in the transmission of, exposure to, and infection with HIV. They are thus relevant to HIV prevention, clinical care, and adherence to treatment throughout every aspect of illness from the initial risk behavior to death. Psychiatric disorders can result in considerable suffering, from diagnosis to end-stage illness. Persons with HIV and AIDS may have no psychiatric diagnosis at all or any diagnosis described in psychiatric nomenclature (Cohen and Alfonso, 2004; Cohen, 2008). In this chapter, we provide guidelines for the diagnosis of those psychiatric disorders that are most likely to complicate and perpetuate the HIV pandemic and pose diagnostic dilemmas for clinicians. Although we introduce aspects of treatment of each disorder, please see Chapters 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 for detailed descriptions of psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatment approaches to AIDS psychiatry. Consideration of a broad differential diagnosis is paramount in evaluating behavioral disorders in persons with HIV, especially when investigating medical and neuropsychiatric etiological factors related to HIV illness and its treatment. Since few persons with HIV have access to psychiatrists or other mental health clinicians, and even fewer have access to an AIDS psychiatrist, a summary of suggested key questions is provided here to aid HIV clinicians in detecting the underlying psychiatric diagnoses most frequently encountered in persons with HIV and AIDS. While these questions are by no means a substitute for comprehensive psychiatric evaluation (described in detail in Chapter 2 of this handbook), they can inform clinicians of the need for further assessment, emergency intervention, or referral to a psychiatrist.
4
Baldwin, Nicholas, and Amy Lynn Fletcher. "Asteroid Futures." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 291–301. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6772-2.ch020.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter evaluates the emerging industry of asteroid mining and the pivotal role of the United States in shaping the new rules for an extra-terrestrial economy. The Outer Space Treaty 1967 (OST) governs the use of space, with over 100 signatories, including the United States and China. However, as space exploration expands to encompass both public and private stakeholders, there is a growing international debate about whether the OST's provisions prohibit the assertion of sovereignty and, hence, property rights, in outer space. With the Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act (2015), the United States has pursued a legal framework that facilitates commercial asteroid mining and a political strategy that focuses on bilateral space exploration agreements with countries such as Luxembourg, Italy, and the United Arab Emirates. Due to its dominant position in the space sector, the United States will strongly influence the regulatory roadmap for the era of Space 2.0.
5
Drenner, Karla L. "The Future of LGBT Politics." In Research Anthology on Inclusivity and Equity for the LGBTQ+ Community, 34–42. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3674-5.ch003.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter summarizes the role of the U.S. Supreme Court in national policymaking. In the United States there exists a nationally shared set of beliefs, values, and customs, or cultural universals. However, these shared attributes vary according to place and political affiliation. Extending the right to marry to same-sex couples through judicial means precipitated a backlash in which religious groups and individuals turned to legislative solutions to contest the court's decision and their obligation to recognize marriage equality. As the final arbiter of law in the United States, the nine unelected justices of the U.S. Supreme Court play a significant role in policymaking, and their attitudes and decisions regarding policy are tied to the political selection of justices. In the future, decision making from the court to further extend the rights of LGBT citizens may be directly tied to the increasingly partisan selection process for justices.
6
"The Future of LGBT Politics." In Social Jurisprudence in the Changing of Social Norms, 144–56. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7961-8.ch006.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter summarizes the role of the U.S. Supreme Court in national policymaking. In the United States there exists a nationally shared set of beliefs, values, and customs, or cultural universals. However, these shared attributes vary according to place and political affiliation. Extending the right to marry to same-sex couples through judicial means precipitated a backlash in which religious groups and individuals turned to legislative solutions to contest the court's decision and their obligation to recognize marriage equality. As the final arbiter of law in the United States, the nine unelected justices of the U.S. Supreme Court play a significant role in policymaking, and their attitudes and decisions regarding policy are tied to the political selection of justices. In the future, decision making from the court to further extend the rights of LGBT citizens may be directly tied to the increasingly partisan selection process for justices.
7
Goldberg, Ann. "The Duchy of Nassau and the Eberbach Asylum." In Sex, Religion, and the Making of Modern Madness. Oxford University Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195125818.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Eberbach’s founding in 1815 coincided with the lunacy reform movement that swept Europe and North America in the first half of the century. That movement in Germany took peculiar shape in the central role played from the start by the state. Unlike England and France, the primary initiative for the lunacy reforms in Germany came from above, by enlightened state bureaucrats under the tutelage of the German neoabsolutist states. If the (apocryphal) founding image of French psychiatry is the alienist Phillip Pinel famously striking the chains off the inmates of the Bicêtre during the French Revolution, its (real) German counterpart is that of the Prussian Minister Karl August von Hardenburg charging J. G. Langermann (medical officer, later privy councillor and head of Prussian medical affairs) in 1803 with the responsibility of turning the Bayreuth madhouse into Germany’s first mental hospital. Other states and areas of Germany followed suit in the decades after the Napoleonic wars. Eberbach was no exception to the German pattern, where new, enlightened ideas about insanity, concerns of state security with respect to the deviant poor, and the desire to keep abreast of the most progressive trends united to lead even the small and impoverished state of Nassau to embark on costly lunacy reforms. Further, in Nassau both the founding and functioning of the asylum were closely tied to state-building, that is, to the consolidation of state power, the political integration of the population, and the extensive administrative reforms that this entailed—in the penal system, medicine, local government, education, religion, and so forth. State reforms in the area of culture (religion and education) will be discussed in chapter 3. The following section focuses on the penal, medical, and (local) governmental reforms, which formed the broader institutional context of the asylum. The duchy of Nassau, which achieved its final form in 1816 (bounded by the Rhine, Main, Sieg, and Lahn rivers), was one of the new Mittelstaaten (medium sized states) to emerge out of the Napoleonic wars and the Congress of Vienna.
8
Hamblin, Jacob Darwin. "Turf Wars and Green Revolutions." In The Wretched Atom, 123–62. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197526903.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Behind the fiction of the IAEA’s non-political status was a tremendous amount of political maneuvering. The agency embarked on numerous programs in the developing world, backed by substantial financial commitments from the United States and other governments with robust weapons programs. The agency’s apparent status as a non-political technical agency obscured its role in propaganda, while its wide membership provided an illusion of global norms and consensus. The agency provided an authoritative international voice for a cornucopian vision of the atom that exaggerated the problem-solving aspects of atomic energy and constantly tried to identify success stories in health, agriculture, and other domains. In the early 1960s, the IAEA engaged in a turf war against two of these agencies, the World Health Organization and the Food and Agricultural Organization, and tried to claim a role in the so-called Green Revolution.
9
"Conclusion." In Advances in Public Policy and Administration, 296–317. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6807-1.ch010.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter summarizes the role of the U.S. Supreme Court as a national policy-making institution. As the final arbiter of law in the United States, the nine unelected justices of the Supreme Court contend their attitudes and decisions are tied to the political selection of justices. Extending the right to marry to same-sex couples through judicial means ignited a backlash in which religious groups and individuals turned to legislative solutions to contest the court's decision and its obligation to recognize marriage equality. Today, the same types of claims that once justified anti-LGBTQ laws are being used to advocate for religious and moral exemptions from laws designed to protect the dignity of LGBTQ people. With this turn back to religion, the cycle of subordination has come full circle. Future decision making from the court to extend the rights of LGBTQ citizens is directly tied to the changing composition of its members.
10
Deudney, Daniel, and Jeffrey Meiser. "2. American exceptionalism." In US Foreign Policy. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199585816.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines how America can be described as different and exceptional. The belief in American exceptionalism is based upon a number of core realities, including American military primacy, economic dynamism, and political diversity. Understanding understanding American exceptionalism is essential for understanding not only U.S. foreign policy but also major aspects of contemporary world politics. The chapter first considers the meaning of exceptionalism, the critics of American exceptionalism, and the roots of American success. It then discusses the liberalism that makes the United States exceptional, along with peculiar American identity formations of ethnicity, religion, and ‘race’. It also explores the role of American exceptionality across the five major epochs of American foreign policy, from the nation’s founding to the present. It concludes by reflecting on the significance of the election of Barack Obama as president in 2008 to the story of American exceptionalism, difference, and peculiar Americanism.
Conference papers on the topic "Sex role – Political aspects – United States"
1
Stepanenko, Raviya, Alena Soldatova, Yakov Soldatov, Kirill Lyagin, and Ayaz Saifullin. "Methodological problems of countering terrorism: a theoretical-legal aspect." In East – West: Practical Approaches to Countering Terrorism and Preventing Violent Extremism. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcshss.rqkx5127.
Full textAbstract:
The article discusses the theoretical and methodological problems of studying terrorism and the system of measures to counter it. Traditional methodological approaches have remained the important ways of organizing legal knowledge; they do not fully provide a comprehensive, integrated and systematic analysis of the extremely destructive manifestations of terrorism. Taking into account the implicitness of the methodology of positivist jurisprudence, which assigns a dominant role to the legislative sphere in the prevention of offenses, including crimes, the authors substantiate a synergetic approach. The latter, defining social systems as open rather than closed formations, contributes to a significant expansion of ideas about the negative impact of many factors (political, economic, socio-cultural ones, etc.) on the formation and development of terrorist ideas, views, goals and ways of their implementation. Russian and foreign legislation also notes a multifactorial set of reasons that contribute to the spread of ideology and the transformation of terrorist views and ideas in different states. The interdisciplinarity of synergetics, which studies the phenomenon (system) under consideration, should contribute to the development of a unified scientific view of the nature and essence of terrorism, which is necessary to improve rule-making and law enforcement in matters of global counterterrorism.
2
Hidayatullah, Nur, and Achmad Nurmandi. "The success of E-Participation in Supporting the development of Smart Cities in Spain, Italy, United States and Germany." In 8th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002806.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to analyze the role of E-participation in supporting the success of smart city development. This research method uses qualitative research with a bibliometric analysis approach. Sources of research data obtained 218 documents from the Scopus database using the keywords "smart city" and "e-participation" with a span of 7 years from 2015 to 2022. The data analysis phase of this research used VOSviewer and NVivo12 Plus software to visualize the data. This study indicates that e-participation is essential in creating the successful implementation of smart cities. The implementation of e-participation in four countries has different participation strategies. Spain is increasing participation forms online communities and public participation platforms. Italy utilizes digital technology and involves volunteers in public participation. Germany, in increasing participation, develops digital participation platforms and implements practical participation projects. The United States applies a political approach and involves interest groups supported by digitization. Furthermore, increasing participation is supported by information and communication technology, services, and agile management are the main focus. Spain, management focuses on location data management, and service aspect focuses on service platforms, and technology focuses on blockchain technology. Italy, the service aspect focuses on open service, and the technology aspect focuses on open source technology. In the United States, the management aspect pays attention to location data management. Then, the technological aspect focuses on civil technology practices. Germany, management and service are not yet a top priority in this aspect. While the technology aspect only pays attention to the web technology sector. Based on these findings, Spain is a country that dominates various aspects. This means being a country that can be an example of e-participation development in realizing a smart city.