Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sex recognition

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sex recognition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sex recognition"

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Cahill, Ann J. "Recognition, Desire, and Unjust Sex." Hypatia 29, no. 2 (2014): 303–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hypa.12080.

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In this article I will revisit the question of what I term the continuum of heteronormative sexual interactions, that is, the idea that purportedly ethically acceptable heterosexual interactions are conceptually, ethically, and politically associated with instances of sexual violence. Spurred by recent work by psychologist Nicola 2005, I conclude that some of my earlier critiques of Catharine MacKinnon's theoretical linkages between sexual violence and normative heterosex are wanting. In addition, neither MacKinnon's theory nor my critique of it seem up to the task of providing an ethical account of the examples of “unjust sex” that Gavey has described. I come to the conclusion that an ethical analysis of sexual interactions requires a focus on sexual desire, but that desire cannot take on the by now heavily criticized role of consent. Rather than looking for the presence or absence of sexual desire prior to sexual encounters as a kind of ethical certification of them, we ought instead to focus on the efficacy of that sexual desire, that is, its ability (or lack thereof) to shape an encounter in substantial and meaningful ways.
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Platek, Steven M., Rebecca L. Burch, and Gordon G. Gallup. "Sex differences in olfactory self-recognition." Physiology & Behavior 73, no. 4 (July 2001): 635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9384(01)00539-x.

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Hudson, S. M., W. L. Marshall, D. Wales, E. McDonald, L. W. Bakker, and A. McLean. "Emotional Recognition Skills of Sex Offenders." Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment 6, no. 3 (January 1, 1993): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107906329300600303.

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Kain, Philip J. "Hegel, Recognition, and Same-Sex Marriage." Journal of Social Philosophy 46, no. 2 (June 2015): 226–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josp.12097.

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Nusinow, Dmitri A., and Barbara Panning. "Recognition and modification of seX chromosomes." Current Opinion in Genetics & Development 15, no. 2 (April 2005): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2005.02.002.

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Hudson, S. M., W. L. Marshall, D. Wales, E. McDonald, L. W. Bakker, and A. McLean. "Emotional recognition skills of sex offenders." Annals of Sex Research 6, no. 3 (1988): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00849561.

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Hutter, Sophie, Sarah M. Zala, and Dustin J. Penn. "Sex recognition in zebrafish (Danio rerio)." Journal of Ethology 29, no. 1 (June 8, 2010): 55–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10164-010-0221-5.

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Taitz, Jerold. "Judicial Determination of the Sexual Identity of Post-Operative Transsexuals: A New Form of Sex Discrimination." American Journal of Law & Medicine 13, no. 1 (1987): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800006092.

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AbstractTranssexualism is a condition in which an individual's psychological gender is the opposite of his or her anatomical sex. A “sex-change” operation can bring anatomical sex into line with gender, but it cannot create a new biological sex capable of procreation. The operation is expensive, dangerous and lengthy, yet in 1983 there were an estimated 6,000 post-operative transsexuals in the United States. Certain European countries have legislation recognizing the post-operative transsexual's new sex. Case law in the United Kingdom and the United States, however, prevent post-operative transsexuals from gaining legal recognition. The author does see some hope, however, for a change in the trend against recognition of transsexuals’ post-operative sex. This Article discusses the reasons behind this trend and concludes that the greater danger would be a consensus of medical opinion holding that sex-change surgery is unnecessary, questioning the very existence of post-operative transsexuals. Finally, the author calls for legislative action to remove judicially-imposed obstacles and to give legal recognition to the postoperative transsexual's new sex and identity.
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Bonadonna, Francesco, Samuel P. Caro, and M. de L. Brooke. "Olfactory Sex Recognition Investigated in Antarctic Prions." PLoS ONE 4, no. 1 (January 7, 2009): e4148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0004148.

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Allan, Sonia. "Recognition of Same-Sex Parenting in Australia." Alternative Law Journal 35, no. 4 (December 2010): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x1003500408.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sex recognition"

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Hall, Jessica. "Psychological mechanisms underlying sex differences in facial expression recognition." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506818.

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A female advantage is observed in the accurate recognition of mental and emotional states from the face (Hall, 1978, 1984). The psychological mechanisms that may underlie this advantage have not been addressed systematically by researchers. The present thesis discusses the potential mechanisms underlying the female advantage by considering the Extreme Male Brain (EMB) hypothesis of autism (Baron-Cohen, 2002). Several possible directions for research are presented, including sex differences in i) automaticity of processing facial expressions; ii) attention to the eyes; iii) configural versus featural processing of faces; and iv) stimulation of emotion. The first three of these directions are addressed in experimental chapters. A priming task and emotional face-word Stroop task were used to investigate sex differences in the automaticity of processing facial expressions. Sex differences in attention to the eyes were investigated in two eye tracking studies, and in two studies manipulating the eye region of emotional faces. Finally, a study with spatial frequency filtered emotional faces examined sex differences in the use of fine and coarse detail facial information. Overall, the investigations provide some evidence for greater female attention to the eye region in faces, and the possibility that this may explain an observed female advantage in facial expression recognition. Results are discussed in relation to the EMB hypothesis and sex differences in social cognition more generally. Potential directions for further research are outlined.
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Dumais, Kelly M. "Involvement of the oxytocin system in sex-specific regulation of social behavior and sex-specific brain activation." Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:106876.

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Thesis advisor: Alexa H. Veenema
The poorly understood, but robust sex differences in prevalence, symptom severity, and treatment responses of many psychiatric disorders characterized by social dysfunction signifies the importance of understanding the neurobiological mechanisms underlying sex differences in the regulation of social behaviors. One potential system involved is the oxytocin (OT) system. OT is an evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide that has been implicated in the regulation of a variety of social behaviors in rodents and humans. This thesis aims to clarify the role of OT in sex-specific regulation of social behavior and brain function in rats. Study 1 characterized sex differences in the OT system in the brain, and found that males show higher OT receptor (OTR) binding densities in several forebrain regions compared to females. Studies 2 and 3 then determined the relevance of these sex differences in OTR binding densities for the sex-specific regulation of social behavior using pharmacological manipulations of the OTR and in vivo measurement of OT release. Study 2 focused on the function of the OT system in the posterior bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNSTp), because this region showed the largest sex difference in OTR binding density, and is part of the core social behavior network. Results show that endogenous OT in the BNSTp is important for social recognition in both sexes, but that exogenous OT facilitated social recognition in males only. Furthermore, social recognition in males, but not in females, was associated with higher endogenous OT release in BNSTp. This study is the first to provide a link between sex differences in OTR binding density and OT release with sex-specific regulation of social recognition by OT. Study 3 focused on amygdala subregions because these regions were found to show sex-specific correlations of OTR binding density with social interest. Results show that the OT system modulates social interest in the central amygdala (CeA), but not the medial amygdala, in sex-specific ways, with activation of the OTR in the CeA facilitating social interest in males, but not in females. These results provide evidence that the CeA is a brain region involved in the sex-specific processing of social stimuli by the OT system. Finally, Study 4 examined whether sex differences in OTR binding densities in forebrain regions lead to sex-specific brain activation in response to OT. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation in awake male and female rats following central or peripheral administration of OT. Central OT administration induced sex differences in BOLD activation in numerous brain regions (including several regions with denser OTR binding in males), in which males showed predominantly higher activation compared to females. Peripheral OT administration also induced sex differences in BOLD activation, but in fewer brain regions and in different brain regions compared to central OT, indicating that the pattern and the magnitude of sex differences in neural activation induced by OT strongly depend on the route of administration. Together, outcomes of this thesis provide novel insight into the sexual dimorphic structure and function of the OT system in rats, and highlights the fact that research seeking a full understanding of the role of the OT system in behavioral and brain responses is incomplete without the inclusion of both sexes. These results may be informative given the increasing popularity of the use of OT as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of social dysfunction in sex-biased psychiatric disorders
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Psychology
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Hitchings, E. "Restraining the heartless : a comparative analysis of same-sex relationship recognition." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510240.

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Rehnman, Jenny. "The role of gender in face recognition." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Psychology, Stockholm University : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6636.

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Dipa, Asanda. "The recognition of victims rights of sexual offences." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1014361.

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“Indeed in rape cases it is the victim who is most often placed on trial rather than the perpetrator, accused of having ulterior motives and subjected to degrading questions with often pornographic overtones. Prosecutors might fail to adequately address the victims needs and all too often, information is either intentionally or unintentionally withheld from victims.” The victims of sexual offences have to face not only the consequences of the sexual crime that was perpetrated upon them, but they also have to deal with the effects of the criminal justice system. Victims who take part in the criminal justice system should not be exposed to unnecessary distress and trauma. The victims of sexual offences must not be re-victimised by the criminal justice system. Re-victimisation has been coined to describe the experience where victims are subjected to further victimisation by the very state organs to whom they turn for assistance. This has the effect that the victim is victimised twice, first by the offender and then by the criminal justice system. It is therefore the duty of the law to protect this group of witnesses from such a traumatic and damaging experience. The question that needs to be answered in this research is whether the Sexual Offences and Related Matters Amendment has made any difference in respect of protection of victims sexual crimes. It was concluded that the Sexual Offences Act is indeed a step in the right direction to protect the rights of victims of sexual offences but that it could have afforded more protection.
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Eriksson, Kristoffer. "Att främja självförverkligande : Sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med yrkesvägledare." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-30248.

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The purpose of this essay is to examine whether and how labor consultants, job coaches, guidance counselors promote the possibility of self-realization of the clients they encounter in their work. By analyzing, based on the theoretical framework, six semi-structured interviews of people having the chosen professions answer the questions "Do counselors promote client's opportunities for self-realization in their work?" and "If so: how is this practiced?". In the theoretical framework three important concepts are addressed: "identity", "recognition" and "self-realization". These are explained with the help of works by including Emma Engdahl, Anthony Giddens, Axel Honneth and Allison Weir. Other influential theorists appearing are George H. Mead, Erving Goffman, Michel Foucault and Charles Taylor. The results show that respondents' practices are different but there is a similarity in the goals they are trying to achieve. The goal is that clients should have received tools to be free to set long-term goals and achieve them. Guidance and counseling is, according to the results of the essay, to create awareness for the clients of their own roles (mostly as job seekers) and enable the development of these.
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Henry, Michelle. "The impact of psychosocial stress and biological sex on false recognition memory." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14332.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-114).
Based on the premise that both the hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex are affected by cortisol and involved in declarative memory processes, the current research aimed to confirm that psychosocial stress can lead to increased rates of false recognition memory errors in humans. In addition, it attempted to show that false recognition error rates differ depending on biological sex and the original stimulus type, thus extending and validating the research done by Gallo and colleagues (2004) on material specificity in false memory. Participants in a Stress group (15 males and 13 females) were exposed to a procedure designed to induce mild psychosocial stress, whereas participants in a Relax group (15 males and 14 females) were exposed to a period of relaxation. Salivary cortisol, heart rate, and subjective self-report measures were used to determine participants' stress levels. All participants completed a false memory task, entailing 3 different recognition tests, on 2 consecutive days. Results showed that under both stressful and non-stressful conditions, pictures were better remembered than words, and that this effect was not mediated by biological sex. However, false recognition errors were greater for pictures compared to words, and neither experimental condition nor biological sex mediated this effect. It was also found that the amount of false memory recognition errors made was not affected by the presence of a stressor, as participants in the Stress and Relax groups performed equally. This result is in contrast with previous studies which indicate that false memories increase under stressful conditions. Furthermore, the impact of stress on false memory was not mediated by biological sex, as both male and female participants in the Stress group performed equally. False memory rates increased over a 24- hour retention period in all participants - however the decay of true memory yielded inconsistent results. This was the first study to examine the material specificity of false memory under stressful conditions. It was also the first study to examine whether the amount of false memory errors made under stressful conditions differed between male and female participants. Therefore, the question of whether the material specificity of false memory is affected under stressful conditions and mediated by biological sex remains open for further research. The use of varying false memory paradigms and larger sample populations would help clarify this question.
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Tulloch, Bridget. "The effects of relatedness, social contact, and sex on observational learning in rats (Rattus norvegicus)." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2468.

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Kin recognition is the ability to identify a conspecific as a relative and can occur even when animals are complete strangers. By being able to recognise relatives, animals are able to give preferential treatment to those with which they share genes. Recognition may occur by either direct familiarisation (learning a phenotypic cue that reliably correlates to kinship), or by indirect familiarisation (learning kinship relationships through previous encounters). Rats (Rattus norvegicus) can recognise kin, however to what degree kin recognition is mediated by genetics (direct familiarisation) or social relationships (indirect familiarisation) are unknown; the influences of kinship and familiarity on the ability to learn from a conspecific is also unknown. Furthermore, the sex of an animal can also influence its ability to learn but this effect has received little attention in the literature, particularly when considering observational learning tasks. I assessed if relatedness and/or familiarity influenced a rat's ability to learn through observation, and if gender relationships influence the learning process. Eighty rats ( observers ) were given the opportunity to observe a demonstrator rat press a joystick in a given direction to obtain a food reward. Observers watched a demonstrator that had one of the following relationships with them: related and familiar, related and unfamiliar, unrelated and familiar, or unrelated and unfamiliar. When observers were given the opportunity to manipulate the joystick, the number of sniffs of the joystick, the latency to first move the joystick and the total number of presses were recorded. Rats that were both familiar and related to the demonstrator consistently performed better than any other treatment group; furthermore, rats that were familiar with the demonstrator performed the task more efficiently than rats that were not familiar with the demonstrator. When the demonstrators and observers were related, the observers produced more presses and sniffs of the joystick while having a lower latency to the first push In addition, male observers learnt better than females regardless of the demonstrator sex, with males that were familiar to their demonstrator making nearly twice as many pushes than any other treatment group. The results from this study are discussed in relation to both the mechanisms of direct and indirect recognition and the potential adaptive value on kin discrimination in the learning process. The home range hypothesis may explain why gender differences in learning were found: male rats have larger home ranges than females. Male rat will regularly encounter more rats than females and would need to ascertain if unfamiliar individuals are relatives. Females remain closer to natal sites and as such are more likely to encounter kin and therefore may not need as well as developed kin recognition ability.
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Sanchez, Cortes Diana. "The influence of alexithymia and sex in the recognition of emotions from visual, auditory, and bimodal cues." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-98519.

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Alexithymia is a personality trait associated with impairments in emotional processing. This study investigated the influence of alexithymia and sex in the ability to recognize emotional expressions presented in faces, voices, and their combination. Alexithymia was assessed by the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and participants (n = 122) judged 12 emotions displayed uni- or bimodally in two sensory modalities as measured by the Geneva Multimodal Emotion Portrayals Core Set (GEMEP-CS). According to their scores, participants were grouped into low, average, and high alexithymia. The results showed that sex did not moderate the relationship between alexithymia and emotional recognition. The low alexithymia group recognized emotions more accurately than the other two subgroups, at least in the visual modality. No group differences were found in the voice and the bimodal tasks. These findings illustrate the importance of accounting for how different modalities influence the presentation of emotional cues, as well as suggesting the use of dynamic instruments such as GEMEP-CS that increment ecological validity and are more sensitive in detecting individual differences, over posed techniques such as still pictures
Genetic and neural factors underlying individual differences in emotion recognition ability
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Davis, S. M. "Conflicts of law and the mutual recognition of same-sex unions in the EU." Thesis, University of Reading, 2015. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/58783/.

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My thesis uses legal arguments to demonstrate a requirement for recognition of same-sex marriages and registered partnerships between EU Member States. I draw on the US experience, where arguments for recognition of marriages void in some states previously arose in relation to interracial marriages. I show how there the issue of recognition today depends on conflicts of law and its interface with US constitutional freedoms against discrimination. I introduce the themes of the importance of domicile, the role of the public policy exception, vested rights, and relevant US constitutional freedoms. Recognition in the EU also depends on managing the tension between private international law and freedoms guaranteed by higher norms, in this case the EU Treaties and the European Convention on Human Rights. I set out the inconsistencies between various private international law systems and the problems this creates. Other difficulties are caused by the use of nationality as a connecting factor to determine personal capacity, and the overuse of the public policy exception. I argue that EU Law can constrain the use of conflicts law or public policy by any Member State where these are used to deny effect to same-sex unions validly formed elsewhere. I address the fact that family law falls only partly within Union competence, that existing EU Directives have had limited success at achieving full equality and that powers to implement new measures have not been used to their full potential. However, Treaty provisions outlawing discrimination on grounds of nationality can be interpreted so as to require recognition in many cases. Treaty citizenship rights can also be interpreted favourably to mandate recognition, once private international law is itself recognised as an obstacle to free movement. Finally, evolving interpretations of the European Convention on Human Rights may also support claims for cross-border recognition of existing relationships.
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Books on the topic "Sex recognition"

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Digoix, Marie, ed. Same-Sex Families and Legal Recognition in Europe. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37054-1.

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Digoix, Marie. Same-Sex Families and Legal Recognition in Europe. Cham: Springer Nature, 2020.

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Like subjects, love objects: Essays on recognition and sexual difference. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995.

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Raymond, Janice G. Legitimating prostitution as sex work: UN Labor Organization (ILO) calls for recognition of the sex industry. Amherst, MA: Coalition Against Trafficking in Women, 1998.

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Huntly, Alyson. Of love and justice: Toward the civil recognition of same-sex marriage. Toronto: United Church of Canada, Justice, Global and Ecumenical Relations Unit, 2003.

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Gender, heterosexuality, and youth violence: The struggle for recognition. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2012.

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Mike, Strong, ed. The geography of love: Same-sex marriage & relationship recognition in America : (the story in maps). 5th ed. [Seattle, Washington?]: [Peter Nicolas & Mike Strong?], 2014.

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Nicolas, Peter. The geography of love: Same-sex marriage & relationship recognition in America : (the story in maps). 4th ed. [S. l: P. Nicolas], 2013.

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A recognition of being: Reconstructing native womanhood. Toronto, Ont: Second Story Press, 2000.

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Freedom and recognition in the work of Simone de Beauvoir. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: Peter Lang, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sex recognition"

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Yang, Wen, Xiaoning Liu, Fei Zhu, Guohua Geng, and Kang Li. "Determination of Sex Discriminant Function Analysis in Chinese Human Skulls." In Biometric Recognition, 589–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97909-0_63.

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Luo, Li, Liang Chang, Rong Liu, and Fuqing Duan. "Morphological Investigations of Skulls for Sex Determination Based on Sparse Principal Component Analysis." In Biometric Recognition, 449–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02961-0_56.

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Ratcliffe, Laurene, and Ken Otter. "19. Sex Differences in Song Recognition." In Ecology and Evolution of Acoustic Communication in Birds, edited by Donald E. Kroodsma and Edward H. Miller, 339–55. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9781501736957-027.

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Golomb, B., and T. Sejnowski. "Sex Recognition from Faces Using Neural Networks." In Applications of Neural Networks, 71–92. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2379-3_3.

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Fowler, Thomas J., and Lisa J. Vaillancourt. "Pheromones and Pheromone Receptors in Schizophyllum commune Mate Recognition: Retrospective of a Half-Century of Progress and a Look Ahead." In Sex in Fungi, 301–15. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555815837.ch18.

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Yasukochi, Yuji. "Evolutionary History of Lepidopteran Genes Associated with Sex Pheromone Recognition." In Insect Sex Pheromone Research and Beyond, 207–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3082-1_10.

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Grabham, Emily. "Transgender Temporalities and the UK Gender Recognition Act." In Sex, Gender and Time in Fiction and Culture, 154–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230307087_9.

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Biagioni, Giacomo. "On Recognition of Foreign Same-Sex Marriages and Partnerships." In Same-Sex Couples before National, Supranational and International Jurisdictions, 359–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35434-2_15.

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Han, Yaohui, Badong Chen, and Xuetao Zhang. "Sex Difference of Saccade Patterns in Emotional Facial Expression Recognition." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 144–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5230-9_16.

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Bodnar, Adam, and Anna Śledzińska-Simon. "Between Recognition and Homophobia: Same-Sex Couples in Eastern Europe." In Same-Sex Couples before National, Supranational and International Jurisdictions, 211–47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35434-2_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sex recognition"

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Stylianou, Abby, Abigail Norling-Ruggles, Richard Souvenir, and Robert Pless. "Indexing open imagery to create tools to fight sex trafficking." In 2015 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aipr.2015.7444535.

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Stylianou, Abby, Jessica Schreier, Richard Souvenir, and Robert Pless. "TraffickCam: Crowdsourced and Computer Vision Based Approaches to Fighting Sex Trafficking." In 2017 IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop (AIPR). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aipr.2017.8457947.

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Thaler, Anne, Anna C. Wellerdiek, Markus Leyrer, Ekaterina Volkova-Volkmar, Nikolaus F. Troje, and Betty J. Mohler. "The role of avatar fidelity and sex on self-motion recognition." In SAP '18: ACM Symposium on Applied Perception 2018. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3225153.3225176.

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Liang, Shaowei, Kaijin Qiu, and Tongxin Niu. "Tracking and prediction coding based wavelet edge mode pupa sex recognition algorithm." In International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Industrial Engineering. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/ciie140841.

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Chinta, Kiran Kumar, and Fred Barez. "Driver Distraction Detection and Recognition." In ASME 2020 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2020-24474.

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Abstract Statistics have shown that the main reason for traffic accidents is human error. Modern vehicles are equipped to protect occupants in the event of a crash. The latest advanced vehicles come with driver behavior monitoring systems in recent years, and many have been proven to be effective systems in the prevention of accidents. However, these systems do not provide a complete solution and can only detect driver fatigue or driver distraction. This project aims to build an AI model for sensing the distraction of drivers and identifying the kind of distraction using the Kinect sensor and the Brio camera and reorient driver’s attention on driving. For this, the system is divided into three sub-segments; calling arm position (arms up or down, arms right or left), facial expressions (blinking and mouth), and head orientation. Each segment develops important info for gauging the distraction of a driver based on the depth mapping of data and color from the Kinect sensor and Brio camera respectively. Testing on a driving simulator is completed on 4 different drivers of diverse ethnicity, sex, and age along with over 240 mins of recorded material. Since all the segments were recorded and prepared separately, they can further be taken to build different outcomes and can be implemented for real car systems.
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Xu, Xun W., and Yuequan Wu. "Dimension Set Recognition Methodologies." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/cie-48174.

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Recognition of dimension sets plays an important role in computerizing paper-based engineering drawings. The dimensioning mechanism and its geometric properties have been extensively studied in the past, based on which various techniques have been developed in respect to dimension text and graphics separation, and dimension graphics recognition. This paper reviews the methodologies of automatically recognizing dimension sets in an engineering drawing. Related computerization processes are backgrounded. The elements and classification of a dimension set are described by means of its syntax and semantics. The algorithms for dimension text extraction, dimension graphics recognition and text-graphics aggregation are presented in detail. Some unsolved issues are also addressed. The review is focused on recent research results in the pertinent areas.
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Shibata, Satoki, Masaaki Iiyama, Atsushi Hashimoto, and Michihiko Minoh. "Restoration of Sea Surface Temperature Satellite Images Using a Partially Occluded Training Set." In 2018 24th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpr.2018.8546261.

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Tan, Zeqi, Yongliang Shen, Shuai Zhang, Weiming Lu, and Yueting Zhuang. "A Sequence-to-Set Network for Nested Named Entity Recognition." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/542.

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Named entity recognition (NER) is a widely studied task in natural language processing. Recently, a growing number of studies have focused on the nested NER. The span-based methods, considering the entity recognition as a span classification task, can deal with nested entities naturally. But they suffer from the huge search space and the lack of interactions between entities. To address these issues, we propose a novel sequence-to-set neural network for nested NER. Instead of specifying candidate spans in advance, we provide a fixed set of learnable vectors to learn the patterns of the valuable spans. We utilize a non-autoregressive decoder to predict the final set of entities in one pass, in which we are able to capture dependencies between entities. Compared with the sequence-to-sequence method, our model is more suitable for such unordered recognition task as it is insensitive to the label order. In addition, we utilize the loss function based on bipartite matching to compute the overall training loss. Experimental results show that our proposed model achieves state-of-the-art on three nested NER corpora: ACE 2004, ACE 2005 and KBP 2017. The code is available at https://github.com/zqtan1024/sequence-to-set.
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Li, Dawei, Theodoros Salonidis, Nirmit V. Desai, and Mooi Choo Chuah. "DeepCham: Collaborative Edge-Mediated Adaptive Deep Learning for Mobile Object Recognition." In 2016 IEEE/ACM Symposium on Edge Computing (SEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sec.2016.38.

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Wang, Deng-wei, Tian-xu Zhang, Zhong-hua Wang, Long-sheng Wei, Wen-jun Shi, and Xiao-yu Yang. "The infrared target recognition at sea background based on visual attention computational model and level set methodology." In Sixth International Symposium on Multispectral Image Processing and Pattern Recognition, edited by Tianxu Zhang, Bruce Hirsch, Zhiguo Cao, and Hanqing Lu. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.831325.

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Reports on the topic "Sex recognition"

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Jacobsen, A. R., and D. F. Neri. The Effect of Set Size on Color Recognition. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada150958.

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Knapp, Benjamin, Mitra Dastmalchi, Eric Jacobs, and Shahab Layeghi. The Use of Fuzzy Set Classification for Pattern Recognition of the Polygraph. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada279148.

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Arlitsch, Kenning. Data set supporting the dissertation Semantic Web Identity in Academic Organizations: Search engine entity recognition and the sources that influence Knowledge Graph Cards in search results. Montana State University ScholarWorks, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/m2f590.

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Gaponenko, Artiom, and Andrey Golovin. Electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/er0043.06102017.

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«The electronic magazine with rating system of an estimation of individual and collective work of students» (EM) is developed in document Microsoft Excel with use of macros. EM allows to automate all the calculated operations connected with estimation of amount scored by students in each form of the current control. EM provides automatic calculation of rating of the student with reflection of a maximum quantity of the points received in given educational group. The rating equal to “1” is assigned to the student who has got a maximum quantity of points for the certain date. For the other students the share of their points in this maximum size is indicated. The choice of an estimation is made in an alphabetic format according to requirements of the European translation system of test units for the international recognition of results of educational outcomes (ECTS - European Credit Transfer System), by use of a corresponding scale of an estimation. The list of students is placed on the first page of magazine and automatically displayed on all subsequent pages. For each page of magazine the optimal size of document printing is set with automatic enter of current date and time. Owing to accounting rate of complexity of task EM is the universal technical tool which can be used for any subject matter.
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Yaari, Menahem, Elhanan Helpman, Ariel Weiss, Nathan Sussman, Ori Heffetz, Hadas Mandel, Avner Offer, et al. Sustainable Well-Being in Israel. The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52873/policy.2021.wellbeing-en.

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Well-being is a common human aspiration. Governments and states, too, seek to promote and ensure the well-being of their citizens; some even argue that this should be their overarching goal. But it is not enough for a country to flourish, and for its citizens to enjoy well-being, if the situation cannot be maintained over the long term. Well-being must be sustainable. The state needs criteria for assessing the well-being of its citizens, so that it can work to raise the well-being level. Joining many other governments around the world, the Israeli government adopted a comprehensive set of indices for measuring well-being in 2015. Since 2016, the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics has been publishing the assessment results on an annual basis. Having determined that the monitoring of well-being in Israel should employ complementary indices relating to its sustainability, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Bank of Israel, the Central Bureau of Statistics, and Yad Hanadiv asked the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities to establish an expert committee to draft recommendations on this issue. The Academy's assistance was sought in recognition of its statutory authority "to advise the government on activities relating to research and scientific planning of national significance." The Committee was appointed by the President of the Academy, Professor Nili Cohen, in March 2017; its members are social scientists spanning a variety of disciplines. This report presents the Committee's conclusions. Israel's ability to ensure the well-being of its citizens depends on the resources or capital stocks available to it, in particular its economic, natural, human, social, and cultural resources. At the heart of this report are a mapping of these resources, and recommendations for how to measure them.
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Hall, Mark, and Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.
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Saville, Alan, and Caroline Wickham-Jones, eds. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.
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The Initiative Project on the Guideline of the Understanding Framework on the Veterinary Profession in ASEAN (GUFVA 2014). O.I.E (World Organisation for Animal Health), June 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/standz.2791.

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To facilitate an initial discussion regarding the ASEAN Mutual Recognition Agreement (MRA) for the Veterinary Profession, Faculty of Veterinary Science and the ASEAN Studies Center, Chulalongkorn University, Veterinary Council of Thailand and Department of Livestock Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperative, Royal Thai Government, in collaboration with World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) Sub-Regional Representation for South-East Asia, and the Federation of Asian Veterinary Associations (FAVA), organised the GUFVA 2014 in Bangkok, Thailand on 25-27 June 2014. The meeting was attended by the ASEAN Secretariat, representatives from the Veterinary Educational Establishments (VEEs) and Veterinary Statutory Bodies (VSBs) of the ASEAN Member States, as well as the organising institutions and organizations (OIE SRR SEA, FAVA, SEAVSA, and Veterinary Associations). The meeting was supported by the Innovative Thai-ASEAN Academic Co-operation at Chulalongkorn University: ITAAC@CU).
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Inter-American Development Bank Group Climate Change Action Plan 2021-2025. Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003153.

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The Climate Change Action Plan describes the IDB Groups progress since 2016 to support the regions need for low-carbon and climate-resilient development finance and its plan to raise climate ambition continuously in the region. The Second Update to the Institutional Strategy specifies that cross cutting issues, including climate change, continue to hamper development and that the IDB Group will renew its commitment to address them. The climate-finance goal set in the Bahamas Resolution has been extended through its inclusion in the IDB Group Corporate Results Framework 2020- 2023 (CRF 20202023).5 At the same time, all MDBs have committed to complement tracking of their financial contributions to climate action with a new approach focused on the consistency of their support with long-term decarbonization and climate resilience efforts. To this end, MDBs have outlined a common approach to support countries to deliver on their commitments under the PA. There has also been increasing recognition of the need to measure the results of the IDB Groups climate action and the complexity it entails.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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