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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sex differences (Psychology) Australia

Academic literature on the topic 'Sex differences (Psychology) Australia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sex differences (Psychology) Australia"

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Ohtsuka, Keis, Eric Bruton, Louisa Deluca, and Victoria Borg. "Sex Differences in Pathological Gambling Using Gaming Machines." Psychological Reports 80, no. 3 (June 1997): 1051–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.80.3.1051.

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With recent introduction of poker machines in Australia, there have been claims of increases in the number of women with gambling-related problems. Research in the United States indicates, however, that men have a higher incidence of pathological gambling. The aims of this study were to ascertain among game machine users in a major city in Australia whether (a) more women than men exhibited symptoms of pathological gambling, (b) women reported higher guilt associated with their gambling, and (c) gamblers' self-assessment on several mood states was predictive of pathological gambling. A modified version of the South Oaks Gambling Screen was administered to 104 users of game machines (44 men, 60 women) sampled from patrons at gaming venues in Melbourne, Australia. Data indicated no significant sex difference in the proportion of pathological gamblers or in gambling-related guilt. Self-assessment of Happiness, Propensity for Boredom, and Loneliness, significantly predicted scores on the South Oaks Gambling Screen, with Unhappiness a significant independent predictor of pathological gambling. This may suggest that gambling acts to fill a need in the lives of unhappy people or that individuals who lack control over their gambling report higher unhappiness. Further research is needed to discover this relationship.

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Clarke, Valerie A. "Occupational Sex-Typing: A Declining Problem in Australia." Psychological Reports 65, no. 3 (December 1989): 1011–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1989.65.3.1011.

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The existence of occupational sex-typing among Australian adults was assessed by surveying a quota sample of 595 respondents. of 40 occupations, 36 were sex-typed, 12 as female and 24 as male. Occupational sex-typing was stronger among men than women, and among older than younger respondents. Male occupations were perceived as having higher social status. Sex of interviewer had little effect on response patterns. Although generalisation of the over-all level of sex-typing may be limited, the differences between age and sex groups and the associations between sex-typing and status are substantial.

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Lester, David, Janet Haines, and Christopher L. Williams. "Content Differences in Suicide Notes by Sex, Age, and Method: A Study of Australian Suicide Notes." Psychological Reports 106, no. 2 (April 2010): 475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.106.2.475-476.

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Hong, Sung-Mook, and Natasha Langovski. "Sex Difference in Psychological Reactance Amongst Korean Residents in Australia." Psychological Reports 75, no. 1 (August 1994): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.578.

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Crisp, Beth R., Shane A. Thomas, Alun C. Jackson, Neil Thomason, Serena Smith, Jennifer Borrell, Wei-Ying Ho, and Tangerine A. Holt. "Sex Differences in the Treatment Needs and Outcomes of Problem Gamblers." Research on Social Work Practice 10, no. 2 (March 2000): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104973150001000205.

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Previous studies have found significant differences between men and women who have sought help for problems associated with their gambling. While this raises the possibility of differing treatment needs, much of the research into treating problem gamblers is based on all-male samples. This article seeks to remedy this situation by reporting on sex differences in the treatment of 1,520 problem gamblers, almost half of whom are female, who sought help in the state of Victoria, Australia, between July 1996 and June 1997. In contrast to the primarily external concerns such as employment and legal matters reported by males, females attending for problem gambling counseling were more likely to report problems with their physical and intrapersonal functioning and were more likely to report resolution of their problems. Male clients were more likely to have their cases closed and be referred to other agencies for assistance.

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Hong, Sung-Mook. "Romantic Love, Idealistic or Pragmatic: Sex Differences among Australian Young Adults." Psychological Reports 58, no. 3 (June 1986): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1986.58.3.922.

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Schermer, Julie Aitken, and Marisa L. Kfrerer. "Humor style differences across four English-speaking countries." HUMOR 33, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 423–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/humor-2019-0027.

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AbstractUsing three archival data sets, mean differences in the four humor styles of affiliative, self-enhancing, aggressive, and self-defeating were assessed for adults (n = 6404) across four English-speaking countries: Canada (n = 339), the USA (n = 165), the United Kingdom (n = 4012), and Australia (n = 1888). As age and sex varied greatly across the samples and had significant relationships with the humor styles (men scored higher on each scale, younger people scored higher on affiliative, aggressive, and self-defeating humor, and older people scored higher on self-enhancing humor), age and sex were regressed out of the humor style scores and the standardized residuals were examined. Significant differences were found for the four humor styles. Specifically, the Americans were the highest in affiliative and self-enhancing humor, and the British were the highest in both aggressive and self-defeating humor. As humor styles are an insight into human social interactions, the results provide a glimpse into the differences found between these countries.

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Russell, Alan, Craig H. Hart, Clyde C. Robinson, and Susanne F. Olsen. "Children's sociable and aggressive behaviour with peers: A comparison of the US and Australia, and contributions of temperament and parenting styles." International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, no. 1 (January 2003): 74–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000038.

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Links between both temperament and parenting, and children's sociable and aggressive behaviour with peers (physical and relational), were examined. The research was undertaken in two Western cultures (the United States and Australia) assumed to be similar in socialisation practices and emphases. The moderating effects of parent sex and child sex were also examined. Parents completed questionnaires on parenting styles and child temperament. Preschool teachers rated children's aggressive and sociable behaviour. US children were rated higher on both types of aggression by teachers and on sociability, activity, and emotionally by parents. Girls were rated as more relationally aggressive and more prosocial than boys, with boys higher on physical aggression. Mothers were more authoritative, with fathers more authoritarian, although the latter was mainly a result obtained from US parents. In both the United States and Australia, temperament consistently predicted child sociable and aggressive behaviours, with some evidence of fathers' authoritarian parenting also contributing. The results show the relevance for parenting and child development of gender, and the importance of culture differences even between two Western and individualist countries.

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Cale, Jesse, Stephen Smallbone, Sue Rayment-McHugh, and Chris Dowling. "Offense Trajectories, the Unfolding of Sexual and Non-Sexual Criminal Activity, and Sex Offense Characteristics of Adolescent Sex Offenders." Sexual Abuse 28, no. 8 (August 2, 2016): 791–812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1079063215580968.

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The current study examines offending trajectories of adolescent sexual offenders (ASOs). Until recently, classification frameworks have not been designed to account for the heterogeneity of offending patterns in adolescence, how these are associated with the unfolding of sexual and non-sexual criminal activity, and whether and to what extent they are related to the characteristics of sex offenses in adolescence. The current study takes a longitudinal view of offending in adolescence by examining retrospective longitudinal data of 217 ASOs referred for treatment to a clinical service between 2001 and 2009 in Australia. General offending trajectories in adolescence were examined using semi-parametric group-based modeling, and compared according to non-violent non-sexual, violent-non-sexual, and sex offending criminal activity parameters (e.g., participation, onset, frequency, specialization/versatility) and the characteristics of the referral sexual offense. The results show distinct differences in the unfolding of sexual and non-sexual criminal activity along different offending trajectories of ASOs, and further, that these trajectories were differentially associated with the characteristics of the sexual offenses they committed.

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Marjoribanks, Kevin. "Cross-Cultural Comparisons of Family Environments and Achievement Motivation of Anglo-, Greek-, and Italian-Australians." Psychological Reports 76, no. 1 (February 1995): 313–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.76.1.313.

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Discriminant analysis was used to examine cultural group differences in the family environments and achievement motivation of 700 11-yr.-old children. Analysis indicated sex- and ethnic-group differences in the family environments and extrinsic achievement motivation of children from Anglo-, Greek-, and Italian-Australian families.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sex differences (Psychology) Australia"

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Wood, Glenice. "Perception : a contributing factor in the different career advancement outcomes of female managers." Monash University, Dept. of Management, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/7558.

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Scott, Margaret. "Engendering loyalties: the construction of masculinities, feminities and national identities in South Australian secondary schools, 1880-1919 : a thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phs4281.pdf.

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Wendelholt, Erica. "Evolutionary Psychology - Sex Differences in Spatial Abilities." Thesis, University of Skövde, School of Humanities and Informatics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-1409.

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Sex differences in spatial ability, especially mental rotation, navigation and object-location memory are described in this essay. Biological differences in brain morphology, hormones and genes between men and women are presented as explanations for the sex differences. Another level of explanations offered are evolutionary, hence the most influential evolutionary psychological theories are summarized and evaluated. These theories are Gaulin’s and Fitzgerald’s male range theory, Silverman’s and Eals’s hunter-gatherer theory, and Ecuyer-Dab’s and Robert’s twofold selection theory. The hunter-gatherer theory at present seems to be of the most importance, though the twofold selection theory may in the future challenge it. Regardless, united biological and evolutionary explanations would create the best comprehensive theory.

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Cavendish, Susan J. "Sex differences related to achievement in mathematics." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/4211.

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The study investigated biological, cognitive, and social factors relating to the under-achievement of girls compared to boys in mathematics. The phenomenon was investigated of girls being superior to boys in mathematics tests at the primary age but boys being superior to girls from adolescence. Historical considerations appear to have contributed to the delayed provision of mathematics education for girls. Gender differences in tests were found in a few specific classes only and were not the general case. The analysis of errors found that language determines the level of success in mathematics during the early years. Other social factors such as parent attitudes and teacher confidence build up during the primary years to manifest from about the age of eleven and work to the detriment of girls. Secondary age boys demonstrated more positive attitudes than girls, but girls did not demonstrate negative attitudes. The period between the second and fourth year juniors proved to be of significant importance In the development of mathematical achievement. During this period a change occurred in the types of test errors and omissions, the level of career aspirations, the number of male teachers experienced, the extent of whole class teaching, and pupil attitude scores. Teachers did not give more attention to boys compared to girls. A method of attitude assessment was trialled. Results suggested that most pupils viewed the teacher as a disciplinarian even though few discipline related interactions were observed in the classroom study. Male teachers appeared confident in mathematics, whereas females had less positive attitudes. Study of the classroom suggested that the curriculum area being taught influenced the teaching style employed which in turn influenced pupil behaviour. Differences within each curriculum area would allow for classroom factors to have a differential effect on girls and boys in mathematics and not other curriculum areas.

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Holder, Tyson. "Sex differences in cyberbullying in schools /." View online, 2010. http://repository.eiu.edu/theses/docs/32211131524484.pdf.

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Adkins, Jordan M. "Investigating Sex Differences in Various Fear Inhibition Processes." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1626348728929028.

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Waite, Angela. "Sex differences in responses to status differentials." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35359.

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Past research has provided conflicting results concerning sex differences in the desire for status. The current study was designed to examine more explicitly sex differences in the desire to attain status. Eighty girls and 80 boys from kindergarten and grade four were placed in groups of four same-sex friends and were observed during a session in which they had to choose a leader, as well as during a drawing task. The children were also interviewed following the tasks using a questionnaire format. Results showed that there were no sex differences in the number of volunteers to be leader, in the length of time to negotiate who would be the leader, in the degree of positive affect expressed while choosing a leader, or in the degree of involvement in the negotiation of who would be the leader. Results suggest that based on this one study in which status was defined as leadership, no sex differences exist in the desire to attain status, although leadership styles may vary. Results are discussed in terms of the implications of the desire for status for the personality development of females and males.

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Wright, Tiffany Marie. "A new framework for investigating cognitive sex differences." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/509.

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Mohr, David Curtis 1957. "Sex, sex role, and the expression of depression." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276735.

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This study examined the relationship between sex, sex role and expression of depression. The Beck Depression Inventory, The Bem Sex Role Inventory, and the Inventory of Depressive Behaviors were administered to 589 college students. Sex differences in the expression of depression were similar to the findings of previous studies. Sex role differences in the expression of depression were found. Masculine sex role was related to expressive coping strategies along with instrumental strategies. Feminine sex role was related to behavioral and cognitive coping along with more expressive behaviors. The variance in expression of depression accounted for by sex was only partially accounted for by sex role. Undifferentiated individuals were significantly more depressed than Masculine, Feminine or Androgynous individuals, but there were no differences between the latter three groups. Thus, either masculinity or femininity appears to be associated with lower levels of depression.

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Blatt-Eisengart, Ilana. "Sex Differences in the Manifestation of Adolescent Problem Behaviors." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2009. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/54439.

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Psychology
Ph.D.
Relatively little is known about the manifestation of conduct disorder among girls versus boys, despite increasing rates among girls. Moreover, it has been well-established that adolescent conduct disorder is correlated with other problem behaviors (e.g., substance use, status offenses, and risky sexual behaviors), and there is evidence that there are differences by sex and ethnicity in the likelihood of exhibiting specific patterns of these problem behaviors. It has been suggested that a dimensional approach may provide a more accurate conceptualization of adolescent externalizing behaviors, particularly among girls. To address these issues, this study used a nationally representative sample to examine patterns of adolescent problem behaviors across sex and ethnicity. Latent class analysis was used to determine classes of problem behaviors and to model differences in class membership by sex and ethnicity. Behaviors examined included violent and non-violent criminal behavior, drug and alcohol use, risky sexual activity, and status offenses. A model with five latent classes of problem behaviors provided the best representation of the data. One class represented high levels of problem behaviors, one represented low levels of problem behaviors, and three classes represented high levels of specific problem behaviors. These classes were characterized respectively by (a) high levels of criminal activity, (b) high levels of substance use, and (c) high levels of risky sexual activity. Differences existed in the likelihood of belonging to each class, such that boys were more likely to belong to the "high problem behavior," "criminal activity," and "risky sexual activity" classes. Girls were more likely to belong to the "substance use" and "low problem behavior" classes. These results suggest that a broader definition of externalizing behavior may more accurately capture adolescent behavior patterns, particularly among girls. Implications of findings and direction for future research are discussed.
Temple University--Theses

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Books on the topic "Sex differences (Psychology) Australia"

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When men kill: Scenarios of masculine violence. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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Cognition and sex differences. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Psychology of gender differences. Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Sex and cognition. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press, 1999.

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Anne, Baker Mary, ed. Sex differences in human performance. Chichester [West Sussex]: Wiley, 1987.

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Sex differences in cognitive abilities. 4th ed. New York: Psychology Press, 2012.

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Ivan, Reid, and Stratta Erica, eds. Sex differences in Britain. 2nd ed. Aldershot, Hants, England: Gower, 1989.

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Warriors and worriers: The survival of the sexes. Oxford: Oxford University Press, USA, 2014.

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Helgeson, Vicki S. The psychology of gender. 3rd ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2009.

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Gender and social psychology. London: Routledge, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sex differences (Psychology) Australia"

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Magnusson, Eva. "Sex/Gender Differences." In Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology, 1721–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5583-7_120.

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Rastogi, Tanmay, Shampa Ghosh, Jasmine Sarkar, and Jitendra Kumar Sinha. "Sex Differences: Neurodevelopment." In Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_174-1.

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Davies, Alastair P. C. "Sex Differences and Sex Similarities." In The SAGE Handbook of Evolutionary Psychology, 355–78. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781529739442.n20.

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Eagly, Alice H. "Gender, sex, and culture: Sex differences and gender differences." In Encyclopedia of Psychology, Vol. 3., 436–42. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10518-212.

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Ghinassi, Simon, and Silvia Casale. "Avoidant Attachment: Sex Differences." In Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_326-1.

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Pinto, Tiago Miguel, and Raquel Costa. "Anxious Attachment: Sex Differences." In Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_367-1.

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Garza, Ray. "Sex Differences: Sexual Fantasies." In Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior, 1–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08956-5_281-1.

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Geary, David C. "Sex differences in folk psychology." In Male, female: The evolution of human sex differences (3rd ed.)., 353–94. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000181-012.

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Saucier, Deborah, and Crystal Ehresman. "The Physiology of Sex Differences." In Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology, 215–33. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1465-1_11.

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Herman, C. Peter, and Janet Polivy. "Sex and Gender Differences in Eating Behavior." In Handbook of Gender Research in Psychology, 455–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1465-1_22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sex differences (Psychology) Australia"

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Reviriego-Reinaldo, Noemí. "Junior And Teen Refugee Mental Health: Sex Differences." In International Conference of Psychology, Sociology, Education and Social Sciences. European Publisher, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2020.05.28.

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Křeménková, Lucie. "Generational And Sex Differences In Relation To Empathy Among Pre-Graduate Teachers." In 8th International Conference on Education and Educational Psychology. Cognitive-crcs, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.10.91.

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Pavlova, Irina, Nadegda Broshevitskaya, Mihail Onufriev, and Yulia Moiseeva. "SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE ANXIETY-DEPRESSIVE AND DEFENSIVE BEHAVIOR OF WISTAR RATS." In XVI International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1193.sudak.ns2020-16/361.

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Zhang, Weihua, Yanbin Shen, Jinbiao Gu, Zhongxiang Feng, and Kun Wang. "Sex Differences of Drivers’ Parking Behavior: The Influence of Environment, Psychology, and Driving Ability." In 17th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480915.465.

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Pilatti, Angelina, Adrian Bravo, Yanina Michelini, Gabriela Rivarola Montejano, and Ricardo Pautassi. "Validation of the Spanish Version of the Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (S-MACQ)." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.24.

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Background: The Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire [MACQ] assesses marijuana-related problems. This 8-factor (50-items) measure covers a broad array of multiple dimensions encompassing 50 negative consequences of gradient severity that are particularly relevant in the context of college. The present study aimed to validate the Spanish version of the 50-item Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (S-MACQ) by analyzing the psychometric properties of internal, convergent, and concurrent validity and estimating internal consistency. We also examined the correlation between the brief (SB-MACQ) and the full S-MACQ and whether they similarly correlate with marijuana outcomes and marijuana-related variables. Method: College students from the two largest public universities of Cordoba city (Argentina) completed an online survey as part of a broader study focused on marijuana use and risky sexual behaviors. Only data from students that reported last-year marijuana use (n=470; 70.6% women; Mean age 22.67±3.52 years; 45.7% enrolled in psychology) were included in the study. We conducted independent samples t-tests to evaluate differences in the number of negative consequences (for the total scale and for each S-MACQ dimension) as a function of biological sex or frequency of use. Confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) was conducted to examine the factor structure of the S-MACQ. We conducted Pearson correlation analyses to examine the association between the number of marijuana-related consequences as measured by the S-MACQ and scores (a) in the CUDIT, a standardized measure of marijuana-related problems (i.e., convergent validity), (b) frequency and quantity of marijuana use (i.e., concurrent validity), (c) motives for marijuana use (i.e., concurrent validity). We examined the Pearson correlation between the SB-MACQ and the S-MACQ and then we estimated the difference between the Pearson correlation of the SB-MACQ and the S-MACQ with all the marijuana outcomes and marijuana-related variables. Results: Results from the CFA supported an 8-factor structure. The scores of the S-MACQ showed appropriate internal, concurrent and convergent validity, alongside with adequate internal consistency. The S-MACQ was largely correlated with the SB-MACQ and the correlations between these two versions and marijuana outcomes/marijuana-related variables did not significantly differ. Discussion: Findings supported the S-MACQ as a valid measure to assess marijuana-related problems in Spanish-speaking students. The instrument can be used to identify a broad diversity of marijuana problems in this population.

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Reports on the topic "Sex differences (Psychology) Australia"

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‘Sex differences in parent–offspring recurrence of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder’ – Berit Skretting Solberg. ACAMH, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.14490.

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Video abstract from Berit Skretting Solberg of the University of Bergen on the paper in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry - 'Sex differences in parent–offspring recurrence of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder'.

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