Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sex allocation'
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Nishiumi, Isao. "Sex allocation in great reed warblers." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181441.
Full textKyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・論文博士
博士(理学)
乙第10195号
論理博第1366号
新制||理||1132(附属図書館)
UT51-99-S312
(主査)教授 山岸 哲, 教授 米井 脩治, 助教授 今福 道夫
学位規則第4条第2項該当
Reece, Sarah E. "Evolution and ecology of sex allocation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12849.
Full textAlpedrinha, J. A. C. V. "Social evolution and sex allocation theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:35e4f1c8-68ea-4395-9e67-5b72982196d6.
Full textJohnstone-Yellin, Tamara Lee. "Effects of resource availability on sex allocation in herbivores." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/T_Johnstone-Yellin_042310.pdf.
Full textLagace, Martine. "Male fitness and optimal sex allocation in Trichogramma evanescens." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0007/MQ44200.pdf.
Full textLagacé, Martine. "Male fitness and optimal sex allocation in Trichogramma evanescens." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20830.
Full textStamp, Adrienne J. "Sex allocation and gene flow in Ranunculus bulbosus L." Thesis, University of Bath, 1990. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.236481.
Full textPeedu, Elisabet. "Metapopulations dynamics and sex-specific resource allocation in Silene dioica." Licentiate thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-153613.
Full textLandhöjningsprocesser i skärgårdsmiljöer skapar nya habitat som gör det möjligt att studera naturliga populationer i ett rumsligt och tidsmässigt sammanhang. Detta möjliggör studier av ekologi och genetik i tidiga successionsprocesser, både mellan öar som skiljer sig åt åldersmässigt och inom öar, där redan etablerade organismer måste anpassa sig till en föränderlig miljö. Jag har utfört studier i Skeppsviks skärgård som rymmer cirka 100 öar. På grund av landhöjningen så varierar dessa öar i ålder och de representerar således olika stadier i primärsuccession. Jag har använt mig av en naturlig Silene dioica metapopulation lokaliserad i Skeppsviks skärgård. Många växtarter existerar i metapopulationer, vilket består av ett antal lokala populationer som kan skilja sig åt i storlek och grad av anknytning. Metapopulationer kännetecknas även av återkommande koloniseringar och utrotningar av lokala populationer, vilket innebär att en art kontinuerligt måste sprida sig för att garantera sin fortlevnad i detta system. Genflöde inom dioika växtarter är i form av pollen och frön, och för att populationer skall kunna överleva så är det nödvändigt att nivåerna av fröspridning och pollen-genflöde är tillräckliga för att säkerhetsställa både kolonisering, etablering och efterföljande populationstillväxt. Nivåer av fröspridning och pollen-genflöde påverkas i sin tur av hur de två könen partitionerar resurser mellan reproduktion, tillväxt och överlevnad. I den första studien har jag kombinerat en fältundersökning, ett frilandsexperiment och en nioårig demografisk studie för att undersöka de demografiska konsekvenserna av könsspecifik resursallokering och för att utreda om könsspecifika skillnader i reproduktiv kostnad kan vara en drivkraft för evolutionen av sexuell dimorfism hos den dioika växten Silene dioica. Jag upptäckte signifikant somatisk intersexuell dimorfism där honor hade betydligt mer ovanjordisk och underjordisk biomassa jämfört med hanar. Över en växtsäsong så investerar honorna mer resurser i reproduktion, vilket i stor utsträckning bekräftar vad som tidigare har observerats i örtartade, dioika växter. Enligt hypotesen för reproduktiv kostnad så bör en hög investering i reproduktion leda till trade-offs med somatiska egenskaper, t.ex. tillväxt. Jag observerade inga somatiska trade-offs och istället fann jag positiva associationer mellan reproduktion och tillväxt hos både honor och hanar. Båda könen verkar ha utvecklat kompensationsmekanismer, även om honorna generellt är mer effektiva i hur de kompenserar för sina reproduktiva kostnader. Vid slutet av en växtsäsong, efter att ha betalat för de nuvarande reproduktiva investeringarna, så är honor bättre än hanar på att allokera resurser till fleråriga strukturer, såsom bladrosetter och rötter. Detta kan potentiellt påverka hur de anlägger sina knoppanlag för nästkommande år och hur väl de överlever vintern. Trade-offs hittades mellan nuvarande reproduktion och framtida reproduktionsmöjligheter och överlevnad men detta var habitat-specifikt och kompensation med hjälp av hur ofta en växt blommar under sin livstid spelar en viktig roll. Hypotesen för reproduktiv kostnad verkar vara en del av förklaringen till den somatiska och demografiska könsdimorfism som observerats i detta system men sexuell selektion, som verkar på hanar, kan vara ett möjligt område för framtida studier. I den andra studien undersökte jag populationsgenetiska konsekvenser av metapopulationsdynamik i Silene dioica. Förekomsten av öar i olika faser av primär succession tillsammans med olika grader av succession inom öar gör det möjligt att undersöka den genetiska dynamiken som uppträder i en åldersstrukturerad metapopulation över flera hierarkiska nivåer. Genetisk mångfald och differentiering uppskattades i åtta unga, nyligen koloniserade populationer och i tio populationer av ett intermediärt successionsstadium. Unga populationer hade lägre genetisk diversitet jämfört med äldre populationer, vilket indikerar att genetiska flaskhalsar, skapade av fåtal antal koloniserande individer, s.k. founders, som härrör från ett begränsat antal källpopulationer, minskar den genetiska diversiteten inom nybildade populationer. Observationen av stark genetisk strukturering, mellan och inom öar, indikerar att genflödet är begränsat över flera rumsliga nivåer i detta system. Bristen på statistiskt signifikanta skillnader i genetisk differentiering mellan unga och intermediära populationer indikerar emellertid att nivåer av genflöde kanske inte är tillräckligt höga för att minska den genetiska differentieringen som uppstår från den ursprungliga founder-händelsen. Mönstren av sexuell dimorfism och hanarnas och honornas roll har utvecklats för att möjliggöra fortlevnad i ett ekologisk och populationsmässigt sammanhang hos Silene dioica. I denna livsmiljö, där öar stiger upp ur havet och skapar nya miljöer för kolonisering samtidigt som autogena primära successionsprocesser leder till utrotning, måste S. dioica kontinuerligt sprida sig mellan olika successionsfaser för att överleva. Den uppenbara framgången för den här dioika växten är uppenbar eftersom den är en av de få dominerande arterna i lövkanten. Detta tyder på att nivåer av fröspridning och genflöde är tillräckliga för att möjliggöra etablering och beständighet av ö-populationer och att de sexuella dimorfismer som har utvecklats i detta metapopulationssystem verkar för att öka nivåerna av genflöde. "Lev hårt – dö ung" -strategin med omfattande blomningar som vi finner hos hanarna kan ha utvecklats som ett sätt att upprätthålla tillräckliga nivåer av genetisk diversitet i metapopulationen men den kommer endast att vara en möjlig strategi om det finns kontinuerliga möjligheter för re-etableringar. Således kan den kontinuerliga landupphöjningen som förekommer i norra delen av Bottniska viken mycket väl vara en förutsättning för den långsiktiga beständigheten av denna dioika, fleråriga växtart.
Felaktigt angivet "Dissertation for PhD" i kolofon.
Martel, Véronique. "Sex allocation and mating structure in the egg parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera:Trichogrammatidae)." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19695.
Full textKorsten, Peter. "Avian sex allocation and ornamental coloration a study on blue tits /." [S.l. : [Groningen : s.n.] ; University Library Groningen] [Host], 2006. http://irs.ub.rug.nl/ppn/298509423.
Full textMoynihan, Anna Margaret. "Sexual selection and sex allocation in the gregarious parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3129.
Full textMcDonald, Paul, and Paul McDonald@latrobe edu au. "Reproductive success, dimorphism and sex allocation in the brown falcon Falco berigora." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20041111.100436.
Full textMcDonald, Paul G. "Reproductive success, dimorphism and sex allocation in the brown falcon Falco berigora /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses Program, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20041111.100436/index.html.
Full textWharton, Katie Elizabeth. "Queen and worker influence on sex allocation patterns in the honeybee, Apis mellifera." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
Find full textTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed Aug. 19, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-95). Also issued in print.
Pallewatta, P. K. T. N. S. "Factors affecting progeny and sex allocation by the egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens Westwood." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/38128.
Full textcom, Christinelamont@hotmail, and Christine Lamont. "Sex Allocation and Reproductive Costs in a Gull with a Long Breeding Season." Murdoch University, 2004. http://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050617.102950.
Full textLamont, Christine. "Sex allocation and reproductive costs in a gull with a long breeding season." Lamont, Christine (2004) Sex allocation and reproductive costs in a gull with a long breeding season. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/143/.
Full textAngeloni, Lisa Maria. "Mating strategies of simultaneously hermaphroditic opisthobranchs : sexual selection, body size and sex allocation /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3022182.
Full textLamont, Christine Rae. "Sex allocation and reproductive costs in a gull with a long breeding season." Thesis, Lamont, Christine Rae (2004) Sex allocation and reproductive costs in a gull with a long breeding season. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2004. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/143/.
Full textLamont, Christine Rae. "Sex allocation and reproductive costs in a gull with a long breeding season /." Access via Murdoch University Digital Theses Project, 2004. https://wwwlib.murdoch.edu.au/adt/browse/view/adt-MU20050617.102950.
Full textEvensen, Elisabeth Banghart. "Equity v. equality: the role of gender and disclosure of allocation on individual reward allocation decisions." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54325.
Full textPh. D.
DELESALLE, VERONIQUE ANNIE. "PATTERNS OF GENDER ALLOCATION IN A MONOECIOUS CUCURBIT, APODANTHERA UNDULATA, AND THEIR REPRODUCTIVE CONSEQUENCES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184155.
Full textGravem, Sarah A. "SEX AND MICROHABITAT INFLUENCE THE ALLOCATION OF MYCOSPORINE-LIKE AMINO ACIDS TO TISSUES IN THE PURPLE SEA URCHIN, STRONGYLOCENTROTUS PURPURATUS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2009. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/163.
Full textJones, David A. "Parentage, mate removal experiments and sex allocation in the cooperatively breeding bell miner, Manorina melanophrys." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq28208.pdf.
Full textCozza, John. "Sex Expression in a Rainforest Understory Herb, Begonia urophylla." Scholarly Repository, 2008. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/186.
Full textÅkerlund, Elisabet. "Which is the costlier sex? : Sexual dimorphism and resource allocation in a dioecious herb, Silene dioica." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-45060.
Full textMacke, Emilie. "Allocation au sexe et conflits sexuels : approche expérimentale chez l’acarien haplo-diploïde Tetranychus urticae." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20044.
Full textBecause resources are limited, organisms are constrained to divide their resources between fitness components. The optimal investment into these traits can vary with environmental conditions, so that individuals are selected to adjust their allocation strategy accordingly. The theory of local mate competition (LMC) illustrates this hypothesis. This theory predicts that when populations arestructured, so that mating takes place locally and related males compete for mates, mothers should biastheir sex ratio towards females. Although this theory has been supported by many empirical studies,mechanistic and evolutionary processes underlying sex ratio adjustment remain poorly understood. Inthis thesis, I address these issues, using the haplodiploid spider mite Tetranychus urticae. First, I show that in this species, egg size is used as a mechanism of sex ratio adjustment. Indeed, larger eggs aremore likely to become female, and female spider mites use this property to adjust their sex ratio inresponse to LMC, increasing egg size with the intensity of LMC. Second, through an experimentalevolution approach, I provide the first empirical evidence that the sex ratio can evolve in response toLMC.In addition to varying with environmental conditions, the optimal strategy of resourceallocation also generally differs between male and females. Because of such conflicts, males havedeveloped adaptations aimed at manipulating the way by which females allocate their resources. Iinvestigate the consequences of mating for female reproductive strategies in spider mites. I find that mating induces a decrease of both longevity and fecundity, and an increase of egg size
Pažitka, Marek. "Economics of Family: Effect of Air Pollution on Sex of Children." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194209.
Full textRussell, John R. W. "The evolution, ecology and genetics of sex determination in Mercurialis annua." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:c15091c5-1d01-47cc-93bd-036bc46b42a9.
Full textKarlsson, Anna. "Reproduction in the Hermaphrodite Aeolidiella glauca - A Tale of Two Sexes." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Evolutionary Biology, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-659.
Full textThis thesis focuses on reproduction in a simultaneous hermaphrodite with internal fertilization; the nudibranch Aeolidiella glauca. Unlike most other nudibranchs, where copulation is the rule, A. glauca was found to transfer sperm via external spermatophores that were attached to the partner's back. Despite elaborate courtship the actual spermatophore transfer, which always involved two animals only, was of short duration. In most matings (88%) spermatophores were reciprocally exchanged.
A. glauca was further found to be very promiscuous. During mating and sperm transfer the receiver exerts considerable control over sperm, and manipulative behaviours designed to increase the donor's reproductive success are thus likely to have evolved. An example of such manipulative behaviour may be A. glauca's unique spermatophore avoidance behaviour. I found that slugs carrying a sign of previous mating activity, i.e. a spermatophore, were discriminated against in a situation where mate choice was possible. The presence of spermatophores was further found to reduce slugs' ability to interrupt matings, and displace other slugs. Body size, however, had no direct effect on displacement in A. glauca as small slugs interrupted matings as successfully as large ones. Furthermore, pair formation and mating were found to be random with respect to size. This was true also for pairs formed in the field.
In addition to mate choice hermaphrodites may increase their reproductive success by differential sex allocation. I tested whether differing mate encounter rates had any effects on allocation to male and female function in A. glauca. Slugs with more mating opportunities mated more, and had higher proportional spermatophore production that others. As predicted they also laid significantly fewer eggs than slugs presented with partners less often.
G??lin, Uriel. "Strat??gies de reproduction des femelles du kangourou g??ant (Macropus giganteus)." Thèse, Universit?? de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/87.
Full textGélin, Uriel. "Stratégies de reproduction des femelles du kangourou géant (Macropus giganteus)." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/87.
Full textBabin, Courtney H. "Size-dependent patterns of reproductive investment in the North American invasive plant species Triadica sebifera (L.) Small (Euphorbiaceae)." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2017. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2295.
Full textRomano, A. "CONSEQUENCES OF WITHIN-FAMILY COMMUNICATION AND REARING ENVIRONMENT ON OFFSPRING PERFORMANCES AND PARENTAL INVESTMENT IN TWO BIRD SPECIES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/216687.
Full textHjernquist, Mårten B. "Living in a Variable Environment : Reproductive Decisions in Wild Bird Populations." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Zooekologi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-9464.
Full textBlom, Katarina, and Jennie Björk. "Kvinnor som brandmän : En studie om jämställdhet på Gästrike Räddningstjänst." Thesis, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-472.
Full textAim: Preferential treatment and allocation of quotes according to sex are two current concepts due to the increasing demand for equality. One organization that may use preferential treatment is the fire department. This is why we chose it as a starting point for our study. The aim with this essay is to investigate how Gästrike Räddningstjänst can create a more equal organization.
Method: We have interviewed eight employees and prepared questions for each one. This represents a qualitative method. We have studied literature on the subject to get a theoretical background before the interviews. After the study we analysed the interviews with help from the theory. And finally we drew conclusions from this analysis. This resulted in suggestions that could help Gästrike Räddningstjänst create a more equal organization.
Result & Conclusions: Equality between the sexes is important but at the same time it is important that the employed women have the right qualities. Measures should be taken to draw women to the profession in order to create a wider selection. One measure that could give a wider selection is positive special treatment. It is important to think about the employees while making a change so that negative attitudes do not affect the process to make the profession more equal. Based on theory we can see that it is important to communicate the aim of the change to reduce resistance from the employees. Change has to be allowed to take time since the organizational culture is strong and has existed for a long time. Due to the strong culture it is necessary to focus on measures that will create a strong but adaptable culture. Management should continually evaluate the process of change to discover possible problems and to highlight progress. Employees can also take part in the evaluation.
Suggestions for future research: It would be interesting to compare different fire departments in Sweden considering their work with equality between sexes. It would also be interesting to observe the process of recruitment more closely.
Contribution of the thesis: Our hope is that this essay helps to increase awareness in the important issue of equality.
Syfte: Positiv särbehandling och kvotering är två aktuella begrepp i och med ökade krav på jämställdhet. Räddningstjänsten är en organisation som berörs av framförallt positiv särbehandling. Därför valde vi brandmannayrket som utgångspunkt för vår studie. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur ledningen inom Gästrike Räddningstjänst kan gå tillväga för att skapa en mer jämställd organisation.
Metod: Vi har intervjuat åtta personer och förberett anpassade frågor till var och en, vilket representerar en kvalitativ metod. Innan intervjuerna genomförde vi en litteraturstudie för att få en teoretisk grund. Efter vår empiriska studie analyserade vi intervjuerna med stöd av teorin. Därefter drog vi slutsatser utifrån analysen, vilket resulterade i förslag på hur Gästrike Räddningstjänst kan skapa en mer jämställd organisation.
Resultat & slutsats: Jämställdhet är viktigt men samtidigt måste de kvinnor som anställs vara tillräckligt kompetenta. Åtgärder bör vidtas för att locka fler kvinnor till yrket för att skapa ett bredare urval vid rekrytering. En åtgärd som kan ge ett bredare urval är positiv särbehandling. Vid förändringsarbetet är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till anställda så att inte negativa attityder försvårar processen att göra yrket mer jämställt. Utifrån teorin kan vi se att det är viktigt att tydligt kommunicera syftet med förändringen för att minska ett eventuellt motstånd. Förändringsarbetet måste få ta tid eftersom det är en stark organisationskultur som funnits länge. På grund av den starka organisationskulturen är det nödvändigt att fokusera på faktorer som gör kulturen stark men anpassningsbar. För att upptäcka eventuella problem och för att belysa framsteg bör ledning kontinuerligt följa upp förändringsarbetet. Detta kan med fördel genomföras tillsammans med de anställda.
Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Det skulle vara intressant att jämföra olika brandstationer i Sverige för att se om det ser likadant ut i hela landet, eller om vissa stationer kommit längre i sitt jämställdhetsarbete. Det skulle även vara intressant att mer närgående observera anställningsprocessen.
Dubrion, Benjamin Baudry Bernard. "Allocation et incitation intra-firme." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/dubrion_b.
Full textHouslay, Thomas M. "Causes of adaptive differences in age-dependent reproductive effort." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20349.
Full textSroka, Christopher J. "Extending Ranked Set Sampling to Survey Methodology." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1218543909.
Full textHudson, Ian Richard. "Deep-sea biology food for thought? : examining dietary selection and resource allocation in deep-sea holothurians." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402232.
Full textKohlschmidt, Jessica Kay. "RANKED SET SAMPLING: A LOOK AT ALLOCATION ISSUES AND MISSING DATA COMPLICATIONS." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1236779896.
Full textGiray, Havur, Cabanillas Cristina, and Polleres Axel. "A Benchmark for ASP Systems: Resource Allocation in Business Processes." Department für Informationsverarbeitung und Prozessmanagement, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/7060/1/havur2019%2Dbenchmark.pdf.
Full textSeries: Working Papers on Information Systems, Information Business and Operations
CANNA, GABRIELE. "Capital allocation: standard and beyond." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/307648.
Full textThe thesis deals with the problem of capital allocation. After a brief review of the literature and of the standard methods, capital allocation problems with respect to a particular class of risk measures, namely the Haezendonck-Goovaerts (HG) ones [13, 46], are considered. We first generalize the capital allocation rule (CAR) introduced by Xun et al. [66] for Orlicz risk premia [47], using two different approaches, in order to cover HG risk measures. We then provide robust versions of the introduced CARs, both considering the case of ambiguity over the probabilistic model and the one of multiple Young functions, following the scheme of [12]. Further on, we introduce a new approach to face capital allocation problems from the perspective of acceptance sets, by defining the family of sub-acceptance sets. We study the relations between the notions of sub-acceptability and acceptability of a risky position and their impact on the allocation of risk. We define the notion of risk contribution rule and show how in this context it is interpretable as a tool for assessing the contribution of a sub-portfolio to a given portfolio, in terms of acceptability, without necessarily involving a risk measure. Furthermore, we investigate under which conditions on a risk contribution rule a representation of an acceptance set holds in terms of the risk contribution rule itself, thus extending to this setting the interpretation, classical in risk measures theory, of minimal amount required to hedge a risky position. Finally, we provide a discussion on some possible further extensions of the capital allocation problem. In particular, we discuss the possibility of extending the latter to the framework of intrinsic risk measures [36]. We briefly review the notions and results on intrinsic risk measures, providing a comparison with traditional ones. We later discuss the suitability of the capital allocation problem in this context, as well as that of the properties related to capital allocation rules, considering both the standard setting and the one based on acceptance sets. We derive some results similar to the case of traditional risk measures.
Chen, Haiying. "Ranked set sampling for binary and ordered categorical variables with applications in health survey data." Connect to this title online, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1092770729.
Full textTitle from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiii, 109 p.; also includes graphics Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-102). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
Bekchanov, Maksud [Verfasser]. "Efficient Water Allocation and Water Conservation Policy Modeling in The Aral Sea Basin / Maksud Bekchanov." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1053467311/34.
Full textMonteiro, Victor Farias. "GestÃo de recursos de rÃdio para otimizaÃÃo da qualidade de experiÃncia em sistemas sem fio." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14835.
Full textEricsson Brasil
Uma nova geraÃÃo de sistemas de comunicaÃÃes sem fio, 5a GeraÃÃo (5G), à prevista para 2020. Para a 5G, à esperado o surgimento de diversos serviÃos baseados em comunicaÃÃes mÃquina à mÃquina em diferentes Ãreas, como assistÃncia mÃdica, seguranÃa e redes de mediÃÃo inteligente. Cada um com diferentes requerimentos de taxa de transmissÃo, latÃncia, capacidade de processamento, eficiÃncia energÃtica, etc. Independente do serviÃo, os clientes precisam ficar satisfeitos. Isto està impondo uma mudanÃa de paradigmas em direÃÃo à priorizaÃÃo do usuÃrio como fator mais importante no gerenciamento de redes sem fio. Com esta mudanÃa, criou-se o conceito de qualidade de experiÃncia (do inglÃs, Quality of Experience (QoE)), que descreve de forma subjetiva como o serviÃo à percebido pelo usuÃrio. A QoE normalmente à avaliada por uma nota entre 1 e 5, chamada nota mÃdia de opiniÃo (do inglÃs, Mean Opinion Score (MOS)). Neste contexto, conceitos de QoE podem ser considerados com diferentes objetivos, como: aumentar a vida Ãtil de baterias, melhorar a seleÃÃo para acesso à rede e aprimorar a alocaÃÃo dos recursos de rÃdio (do inglÃs, Radio Resource Allocation (RRA)). Com relaÃÃo à RRA, nesta dissertaÃÃo consideram-se requerimentos de QoE na gestÃo dos recursos disponÃveis em um sistema de comunicaÃÃes sem fio, como espectro de frequÃncia e potÃncia de transmissÃo. Mais especificamente, estuda-se um problema de assinalamento de recursos de rÃdio e de alocaÃÃo de potÃncia que objetiva maximizar a mÃnima MOS do sistema sujeito a satisfazer um nÃmero mÃnimo de usuÃrios prÃ-estabelecido. Inicialmente, formula-se um novo problema de otimizaÃÃo considerando restriÃÃes quanto à potÃncia de transmissÃo e quanto à fraÃÃo de usuÃrios que deve ser satisfeita, o que à um importante tÃpico do ponto de vista das operadoras. Este à um problema nÃo linear e de difÃcil soluÃÃo. Ele à entÃo reformulado como um problema linear inteiro e misto, que pode ser resolvido de forma Ãtima usando algoritmos conhecidos de otimizaÃÃo. Devido à complexidade da soluÃÃo Ãtima obtida, propÃe-se uma heurÃstica chamada em inglÃs de Power and Resource Allocation Based on Quality of Experience (PRABE). O mÃtodo proposto à avaliado por meio de simulaÃÃes e os resultados obtidos mostram que sua performance à superior à de outros existentes, sendo prÃxima à da Ãtima.
A new generation of wireless networks, the 5th Generation (5G), is predicted for beyond 2020. For the 5G, it is foreseen an emerging huge number of services based on Machine-Type Communications (MTCs) in different fields, such as, health care, smart metering and security. Each one of them requiring different throughput rates, latency, processing capacity, energy efficiency, etc. Independently of the service type, the customers still need to get satisfied, which is imposing a shift of paradigm towards incorporating the user as the most important factor in wireless network management. This shift of paradigm drove the creation of the Quality of Experience (QoE) concept, which describes the service quality subjectively perceived by the users. QoE is generally evaluated by a Mean Opinion Score (MOS) ranging from 1 to 5. In this context, QoE concepts can be considered with different objectives, such as, increasing battery life, optimizing handover decision, enhancing access network selection and improving Radio Resource Allocation (RRA). Regarding the RRA, in this masterâs thesis we consider QoE requirements when managing the limited available resources of a communication system, such as frequency spectrum and transmit power. More specifically, we study a radio resource assignment and power allocation problem that aims at maximizing the minimum MOS of the users in a system subject to attaining a minimum number of satisfied users. Initially, we formulate a new optimization problem taking into account constraints on the total transmit power and on the fraction of users that must be satisfied, which is an important topic from an operatorâs point of view. The referred problem is non-linear and hard to solve. However, we get to transform it into a simpler form, a Mixed Integer Linear Problem (MILP), that can be optimally solved using standard numerical optimization methods. Due to the complexity of obtaining the optimal solution, we propose a heuristic solution to this problem, called Power and Resource Allocation Based on Quality of Experience (PRABE). We evaluate the proposed method by means of simulations and the obtained results show that it outperforms some existing algorithms, as well as it performs close to the optimal solution.
Nascimento, Alberto de Jesus. "Multilayer optimization in radio resource allocation for the packet transmission in wireless networks." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2228.
Full textNa última década tem-se assistido a um crescimento exponencial das redes de comunicações sem fios, nomeadamente no que se refere a taxa de penetração do serviço prestado e na implementação de novas infra-estruturas em todo o globo. É ponto assente neste momento que esta tendência irá não só continuar como se fortalecer devido à convergência que é esperada entre as redes móveis sem fio e a disponibilização de serviços de banda larga para a rede Internet fixa, numa evolução para um paradigma de uma arquitectura integrada e baseada em serviços e aplicações IP. Por este motivo, as comunicações móveis sem fios irão ter um papel fundamental no desenvolvimento da sociedade de informação a médio e longo prazos. A estratégia seguida no projecto e implementação das redes móveis celulares da actual geração (2G e 3G) foi a da estratificação da sua arquitectura protocolar numa estrutura modular em camadas estanques, onde cada camada do modelo é responsável pela implementação de um conjunto de funcionalidades. Neste modelo a comunicação dá-se apenas entre camadas adjacentes através de primitivas de comunicação pré-estabelecidas. Este modelo de arquitectura resulta numa mais fácil implementação e introdução de novas funcionalidades na rede. Entretanto, o facto das camadas inferiores do modelo protocolar não utilizarem informação disponibilizada pelas camadas superiores, e vice-versa acarreta uma degradação no desempenho do sistema. Este paradigma é particularmente importante quando sistemas de antenas múltiplas são implementados (sistemas MIMO). Sistemas de antenas múltiplas introduzem um grau adicional de liberdade no que respeita a atribuição de recursos rádio: o domínio espacial. Contrariamente a atribuição de recursos no domínio do tempo e da frequência, no domínio espacial os recursos rádio mapeados no domínio espacial não podem ser assumidos como sendo completamente ortogonais, devido a interferência resultante do facto de vários terminais transmitirem no mesmo canal e/ou slots temporais mas em feixes espaciais diferentes. Sendo assim, a disponibilidade de informação relativa ao estado dos recursos rádio às camadas superiores do modelo protocolar é de fundamental importância na satisfação dos critérios de qualidade de serviço exigidos. Uma forma eficiente de gestão dos recursos rádio exige a implementação de algoritmos de agendamento de pacotes de baixo grau de complexidade, que definem os níveis de prioridade no acesso a esses recursos por base dos utilizadores com base na informação disponibilizada quer pelas camadas inferiores quer pelas camadas superiores do modelo. Este novo paradigma de comunicação, designado por cross-layer resulta na maximização da capacidade de transporte de dados por parte do canal rádio móvel, bem como a satisfação dos requisitos de qualidade de serviço derivados a partir da camada de aplicação do modelo. Na sua elaboração, procurou-se que o standard IEEE 802.16e, conhecido por Mobile WiMAX respeitasse as especificações associadas aos sistemas móveis celulares de quarta geração. A arquitectura escalonável, o baixo custo de implementação e as elevadas taxas de transmissão de dados resultam num processo de multiplexagem de dados e valores baixos no atraso decorrente da transmissão de pacotes, os quais são atributos fundamentais para a disponibilização de serviços de banda larga. Da mesma forma a comunicação orientada à comutação de pacotes, inenente na camada de acesso ao meio, é totalmente compatível com as exigências em termos da qualidade de serviço dessas aplicações. Sendo assim, o Mobile WiMAX parece satisfazer os requisitos exigentes das redes móveis de quarta geração. Nesta tese procede-se à investigação, projecto e implementação de algoritmos de encaminhamento de pacotes tendo em vista a eficiente gestão do conjunto de recursos rádio nos domínios do tempo, frequência e espacial das redes móveis celulares, tendo como caso prático as redes móveis celulares suportadas no standard IEEE802.16e. Os algoritmos propostos combinam métricas provenientes da camada física bem como os requisitos de qualidade de serviço das camadas superiores, de acordo com a arquitectura de redes baseadas no paradigma do cross-layer. O desempenho desses algoritmos é analisado a partir de simulações efectuadas por um simulador de sistema, numa plataforma que implementa as camadas física e de acesso ao meio do standard IEEE802.16e.
In the last decade mobile wireless communications have witnessed an explosive growth in the user’s penetration rate and their widespread deployment around the globe. It is expected that this tendency will continue to increase with the convergence of fixed Internet wired networks with mobile ones and with the evolution to the full IP architecture paradigm. Therefore mobile wireless communications will be of paramount importance on the development of the information society of the near future. In particular a research topic of particular relevance in telecommunications nowadays is related to the design and implementation of mobile communication systems of 4th generation. 4G networks will be characterized by the support of multiple radio access technologies in a core network fully compliant with the Internet Protocol (all IP paradigm). Such networks will sustain the stringent quality of service (QoS) requirements and the expected high data rates from the type of multimedia applications to be available in the near future. The approach followed in the design and implementation of the mobile wireless networks of current generation (2G and 3G) has been the stratification of the architecture into a communication protocol model composed by a set of layers, in which each one encompasses some set of functionalities. In such protocol layered model, communications is only allowed between adjacent layers and through specific interface service points. This modular concept eases the implementation of new functionalities as the behaviour of each layer in the protocol stack is not affected by the others. However, the fact that lower layers in the protocol stack model do not utilize information available from upper layers, and vice versa, downgrades the performance achieved. This is particularly relevant if multiple antenna systems, in a MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) configuration, are implemented. MIMO schemes introduce another degree of freedom for radio resource allocation: the space domain. Contrary to the time and frequency domains, radio resources mapped into the spatial domain cannot be assumed as completely orthogonal, due to the amount of interference resulting from users transmitting in the same frequency sub-channel and/or time slots but in different spatial beams. Therefore, the availability of information regarding the state of radio resources, from lower to upper layers, is of fundamental importance in the prosecution of the levels of QoS expected from those multimedia applications. In order to match applications requirements and the constraints of the mobile radio channel, in the last few years researches have proposed a new paradigm for the layered architecture for communications: the cross-layer design framework. In a general way, the cross-layer design paradigm refers to a protocol design in which the dependence between protocol layers is actively exploited, by breaking out the stringent rules which restrict the communication only between adjacent layers in the original reference model, and allowing direct interaction among different layers of the stack. An efficient management of the set of available radio resources demand for the implementation of efficient and low complexity packet schedulers which prioritize user’s transmissions according to inputs provided from lower as well as upper layers in the protocol stack, fully compliant with the cross-layer design paradigm. Specifically, efficiently designed packet schedulers for 4G networks should result in the maximization of the capacity available, through the consideration of the limitations imposed by the mobile radio channel and comply with the set of QoS requirements from the application layer. IEEE 802.16e standard, also named as Mobile WiMAX, seems to comply with the specifications of 4G mobile networks. The scalable architecture, low cost implementation and high data throughput, enable efficient data multiplexing and low data latency, which are attributes essential to enable broadband data services. Also, the connection oriented approach of Its medium access layer is fully compliant with the quality of service demands from such applications. Therefore, Mobile WiMAX seems to be a promising 4G mobile wireless networks candidate. In this thesis it is proposed the investigation, design and implementation of packet scheduling algorithms for the efficient management of the set of available radio resources, in time, frequency and spatial domains of the Mobile WiMAX networks. The proposed algorithms combine input metrics from physical layer and QoS requirements from upper layers, according to the crosslayer design paradigm. Proposed schedulers are evaluated by means of system level simulations, conducted in a system level simulation platform implementing the physical and medium access control layers of the IEEE802.16e standard.
Joly, Iragaël Bonnafous Alain. "L' allocation du temps au transport de l'observation internationale des budgets-temps de transport aux modèles de durées /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2005. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2005/joly_i.
Full textSampaio, Lucas Dias Hiera. "Eficiência energética e capacidade: estratégias de alocação de recursos em redes sem fio de múltiplo acesso." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-13072016-160851/.
Full textThis work investigates the spectrum and power allocation problems in wireless multiple access networks and seven dfferent solutions to different scenarios and topologies, which are enumerated as follows. Three distinct solutions are presented to the energy effiency maximization problem in multicarrier direct sequence code division multiple acess cooperative: two game theoretic approaches, one using the iterative water-filling algorithm (1) and another one using the distributed power control algorithm based on Verhulst equilibrium concept (2), and a third solution also based on the last algorithm but considering the average channel power gain (3); an heuristic approach using the firefly algorithm (4) and the particle swarm optimization algorithm (5). In orthogonal frequency division multiple acess networks, optimization problems considering a statistical quality of service metric were analyzed: the first one is the effective capacity maximization which was solved through Lagrange dual decomposition method (6). The second one, in which the objective is to maximize the effective energy effiency was addressed and solution based on the Dinkelba method and further application of Lagrange dual decomposition was developed (7). Simulations were conducted to verify the proposed approaches performance and, whenever possible, the numerical results were compared to previous solution proposed in the literature.
Winhart, Stephanie. "Der Einfluss des Zeithorizonts auf die Asset Allocation in Abhängigkeit des Investment Opportunity Set und der individuellen Risikoaversion /." Bern [u.a.] : Haupt, 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008762195&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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