Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sewage wate

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sewage wate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Sewage wate"

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Zhuravlev, Petr V., Irina V. Khutoryanina, and Boris I. Marchenko. "The barrier role of sewage treatment plants in relation to sanitary-indicative and pathogenic bacteria, parasitic agents on the example of the southern zone of Russia." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 1070–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-10-1070-1076.

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Introduction. From the sanitary and epidemiologic point of view the economic and household sewage making more than 80% of the volume of all water disposal is of the greatest practical interest. The infectious agents getting to the sewerage do not perish independently. The problem of treatment facilities of the sewerage consists of prevention of possible distribution through water of intestinal and parasitic infections. Aim of the study. To investigate the overall efficiency of sewage treatment facilities in relation to pathogenic and sanitary indicator bacteria and pathogens of parasitic diseases. Materials and methods. The object of the study was microbial and parasitic communities of household waste water from sewage treatment plants in a number of cities in the Rostov region. In work standard microbiological methods of research according to MU 2.1.5.800-99 and the methods of sanitary and parasitological researches of sewage stated in MUK 4.2.2661-10 and also author’s techniques (No. FTs/4022 MR) are used Results. The sewage of the studied cities arriving on sewage treatment plants has high degree of contamination on all bacteriological and parasitological indicators. At the same time intensity of pollution of sewage on these indicators for city drains was in the limits provided by MU 2.1.5.800-99. Dynamics of decontamination process at stages of sewage treatment facilities is shown. During normal operation of treatment systems, waste water is completely freed from salmonella. The species composition of parasitosis pathogens in wastewater that underwent the treatment stages, as well as those arriving, was almost identical in all territories. Conclusion. Researches have shown that at respect for technology of water processing of treatment facilities of the sewerage waste water practically corresponds to normative documents on bacteriological indicators. At the same time, the low performance concerning disinvasion and deworming is shown.
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Heuer, J. J. M. B., and H. J. Kaskens. "Prevention of Concrete Corrosion and Odour Annoyance with Biofiltration." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1993): 207–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0500.

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In many Dutch sewerage systems the sewage is pumped from small villages through pipelines to larger cities. These pressurized pipelines often end up in the pump sump of another pumping-station or in another sewerage system which transports the sewage under atmospheric conditions to the waste water treatment installation. When the waste water in these pipelines stays stationary for a longer period often sulphurous compounds are formed. At the downstream end of the pipeline, where the sewerage system meets atmospheric, aerobic circumstances, the hydrogen sulphide can be converted into sulphuric acid by micro-organisms. The above described process(es) can lead to the following problems:corrosion of concrete caused by sulphuric acid;odour annoyance caused by hydrogen sulphide and other sulphurous compounds. A good solution against concrete corrosion developed by HASKONING consists of stripping the sulphurous compounds out of the sewage and eliminating them. The most economic way to eliminate H2S is the use of a biological filter. Measurements carried out at a pump sump show that this type of filter is highly effective in eliminating H2S. Nevertheless, the installed biofilter did not completely avoid odour annoyance. Therefore the outcoming air after the biofilter was led back into the sewerage system. No complaints occurred anymore.
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Bugajski, Piotr M., Grzegorz Kaczor, and Krzysztof Chmielowski. "Variable dynamics of sewage supply to wastewater treatment plant depending on the amount of precipitation water inflowing to sewerage network." Journal of Water and Land Development 33, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jwld-2017-0019.

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AbstractThe paper analyzes the effect of precipitation water that inflowing to sanitary sewage system as accidental water on the changes in the total amount of treated sewage. The effects of accidental water supply on the total amount of sewage inflowing to treatment plant were analyzed based on mean daily amounts from the investigated periods and mean daily amounts from incidental supplies. The study was conducted in the years 2010–2015. Six characteristic research periods were identified (one per each calendar year), when the amount of sewage in the sanitary sewage system was greater than during dry weather. The analysis of changes in the amount of sewage supplied to the sewerage system in the six investigated periods revealed that the accidental water constituted from 26.8% to 48.4% of total sewage inflowing to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). In exceptional situations, during intense rains, the share of precipitation water in the sewerage system would increase up to 75%. Then, the rainwater inflowing the sewerage system caused hydraulic overloading of the WWTP by exceeding its maximum design supply.
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Rockefeller, Abby A. "Sewers, Sewage Treatment, Sludge: Damage without End." NEW SOLUTIONS: A Journal of Environmental and Occupational Health Policy 12, no. 4 (February 2003): 341–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/qlxd-wq8a-hevr-7k1b.

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It is in the nature of sewering and sewage treatment to compound environmental problems in the processof moving sewage and in attempting to remove from sewage the pollutants it carries. Spreading sewage sludge on land is but the latest in the compounding of environmental damage from sewerage. This practice must be banned and there must be a federal reorientation of all technology dealing with human excreta and the waste materials from industry and society that now are carried away by sewers. The reorientation must center on biologically based on-site pollution prevention and resource recycling technologies mandated through a revised Clean Water Act.
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Virde, Harshal, and Devendra Dohare. "A Review: Design of Sewerage Scheme and Evaluation of Proposed Treatment Plant for Saatvik Vihar Phase-Ii, Indore, (M.p.)." Current World Environment 17, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 518–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.17.3.2.

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The water-carried sewerage system has replaced the older, more basic technique of excreta disposal as the cities have grown. The infrastructure of any society's water supply and sewage system is crucial. The purpose of a sewer network is to move home or industrial waste water from a source location to a treatment facility or disposal site. The sewage system consists of a network of sewer lines that, at their nodal points, collect and discharge waste materials into a separate network of sewer lines. Since then, a lot of researchers have made contributions to this topic. As a result, an effort has been undertaken in this paper to gather data from research papers on the design of sewerage network systems. The objective of this paper is to proposed a treatment unit and design of sewerage network for Saatvik Vihar Phase-II, Indore (Madhya Pradesh), with the help of SewerGEMS software also using the process of Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) for the cleaning of wastewater of the society.
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Hassanain, Mohey A., Nawal A. Hassanain, Esam A. Hobballa, Fatma H. Abd- El Zaher, and Mohamed Saber M. Saber. "Existence and Decontamination of HVC, Infectious Enteric Bacteria and Parasites in Sewaged Soils." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 3, no. 1 (September 30, 2014): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v3i1.5411.

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A surface sample representing a high contaminated loamy sand soil irrigated with sewage effluent since 30 years and was cultivated with artichoke was collected from Abu-Rawash sewage farm. The existence of HVC, enteric infectious bacteria and parasites in sewaged soil found to be negative for the forward and positive for the latter's. Out of the 30 samples separated from the sewaged soil sample, only 3 samples contained parasitic fauna of developed and undeveloped Ascaris (10%) and five samples contained Entamoeba coli. Results showed that the number of Ascaris eggs/gm soil was 0.017 and the number of E. coli/gm was 0.26. Decontamination of soil parasites was effective using either calcium hypochlorite or potassium permanganate. Salmonella, Vibrio and Campelobacter were detected in the high contaminated sewaged soil and survived for 120 days in the sewaged soil under all control and bioremediated treatments irrigated with either sewage effluent or water.
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Chupin, Viktor R., Vladimir I. Mart'yanov, and Maria V. Matveeva. "Optimization of systems of water supply and sewerage by minimizing their life cycle costs." Journal «Izvestiya vuzov. Investitsiyi. Stroyitelstvo. Nedvizhimost» 12, no. 1 (2022): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21285/2227-2917-2022-1-104-113.

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Abstract. When designing urban water supply and sewerage systems, the substantiation of pipeline diameters and velocities of the fresh and sewage water should be carried out. The existing approaches and regulatory requirements provided in SP 31.13330.2012 consider economic factors in terms of reduced costs for the construction and operation of water supply and sewerage systems. However, according to GOST R 587885-2019, the design option should be selected on the basis of its life cycle costs (LLC). In this regard, an LLC-based methodology for calculating the optimal values of pipeline diameters and velocities of the fresh and sewage water in pipelines is proposed. The study specifies the LLC of pipeline water supply and sewerage systems in the form of the flow rate and velocity functions of the transported fresh and sewage water. The first LLC derivative in terms of velocity is taken and set equal to zero. Further, the equation is solved relative to the velocity. As a result, formulas for calculating optimal pipeline velocity values for the fresh and sewage water relative to their LLC are obtained. The conducted numerical experiments demonstrate that the optimal values of fresh and sewage water velocities depend on the values of flow rate and electricity cost, as well as the number of years in the life cycle of water supply and sewerage systems. It is proposed to amend Appendix B of SP 31.13330.2012 by adding a substantiation of pipeline diameters based on the LLC of water supply and sewerage systems.
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Al-Gheethi, Adel, Efaq Noman, Bala Jeremiah David, Radin Mohamed, Abd Halid Abdullah, Sasitharan Nagapan, and Amir Hashim Mohd. "A review of potential factors contributing to epidemic cholera in Yemen." Journal of Water and Health 16, no. 5 (July 6, 2018): 667–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2018.113.

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Abstract The menace of cholera epidemic occurrence in Yemen was reported in early 2017. Recent reports revealed that an estimated 500,000 people are infected with cholera whereas 2,000 deaths have been reported in Yemen. Cholera is transmitted through contaminated water and food. Yemen is the least developed country among the Middle East countries in terms of wastewater and solid waste management. The population of Yemen is about 24.5 million and generates about 70–100 million m3 of sewage. An estimated 7% of the population has sewerage systems. It has been revealed that 31.2 million m3 of untreated sewage is used for irrigation purposes especially for vegetables and Khat trees. In addition, more than 70% of the population in Yemen has no potable water. They depend on water wells as a water source which are located close to sewage disposal sites. The present review focuses on the current status of water, wastewater as well as solid waste management in Yemen and their roles in the outbreak of cholera. Future prospects for waste management have been proposed.
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Uniyal, Harish, Trapti Sharma, and Yogesh Renwal. "Exploration of Waste Water in Different Open Drains of Kota City." International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology 6, no. 9 (June 24, 2018): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijermt.v6i9.100.

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In Kota city very small area has been covered by sewerage line. Mainly domestic sewage is treated in septic tank. The effluent of septic tank is discharged into open drains. There are many small and medium scale industries, Commercial center, Coaching Institutions etc.; discharging the waste water into various open drains. At present as the present sewerage system is not operating; the waste water from these open drains is discharged into Chambal River. In this project the analysis of waste water was done to examine the probable pollution caused by the high B.O.D. and C.O.D. in waste water. Some samples of drinking water from tube wells were also analyzed to detect the probable pollution from seepage of surface water into ground water. Average value of the B.O.D. Calculated for the Waste water taken from 20 readings is 388.25 and the maximum B.O.D. was in the waste water of Raipura drain (512)
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Haas, Bettina S., and Reimer Herrmann. "Transport of chlorinated hydrocarbons between sewage and sewer atmosphere." Water Science and Technology 34, no. 3-4 (August 1, 1996): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0476.

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Sewage containing volatile contaminants is a potential VOC-source in cities. Thus we tried to evaluate volatilization out of the sewerage system by measurements of contaminants in sewer gas and sewage. Our results from a medium sized town with little industry showed that sewer gas is mainly contaminated with alkanes, small aromatic compounds and chlorinated hydrocarbons. For three chlorinated hydrocarbons (chloroform, trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene) we determined mass transfer coefficients out of sewage and used these data to estimate mass fluxes from sewage and emissions out of the sewerage system for two sewer stretches. Considerable emission of chlorinated hydrocarbons from sewage, i.e. fluxes of some 10 to 100 g per m2·d, occurred only when the contaminant input via sewage was between some g and mg per litre for a single compound. For concentrations that were about 3 orders of magnitude less, emissions were negligible.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sewage wate"

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Ko, Chun-wa Johnason. "Sewage treatment in private sector /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17457750.

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Adnan, Abid Muhammad. "Various methods of water marsh utilization for domestic sewage waste water treatment." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20727.

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Different methods are being used for the removal of unwanted material from waste sewage water such as mini sewage treatment plant, infiltration and filter bed. But as compared to all above methods introduction of marsh is more beneficial, as marsh efficiency is much better then above mentioned methods. Marshes also have important role in biodiversity. Domestic waste sewage water contains organic material, viruses, bacteria and pathogens, nitrate and phosphate. These all factor influence the external environment. Removal of nitrate and phosphate is necessary because if they are not removed they may cause rapid increase in the growth of algae. Algae have short life span so they die. Bacteria use a lot of oxygen for the decomposition of algae. So as a result there becomes deoxygenating in the marsh. Most of the animals die because of lack of oxygen in the water source. Marsh method is better as compared to other methods for the removal of organic material and nutrients. Subsurface flow is needed in wetland for getting the best result. Subsurface flow wetland system will make the process better and it will minimize the effect of odor and insects and these both things directly create bad effect on external environment. In the subsurface flow wetland Phragmites australis and similar plants are used. Bacteria grow on the roots of these plants and break down the nutrients. Waste water treatment marshes are best suited for smaller towns, villages and single family homes. They work best under relatively warm conditions, but many are used in temperate climate as well. For the removal of microorganisms, chlorine is to be used, as it is best way for the removal of it. A de-chlorination process is also necessary, otherwise this water will create bad effect on aquatic life.
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Chu, Kit-han Kristin. "Biotreatment of waste water by Pistia stratiotes L. and its application in agriculture /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18038128.

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Kam, Kwok-hang Dave. "Review on the industrial wastewater management in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19945437.

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Yang, Jingming. "Characteristics of a novel anaerobic fluidized bed reactor for waste water treatment." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25318.

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朱潔嫻 and Kit-han Kristin Chu. "Biotreatment of waste water by Pistia stratiotes L. and its application in agriculture." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31214058.

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Gillette, Justin D. "Evaluation of current wastewater treatment practices at Company XYZ." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007gillettej.pdf.

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Altenbach, Beat Werner. "Determination of substituted benzene- and naphtalenesulfonates in waste water and their behaviour in sewage treatment /." Zürich, 1996. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=11437.

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Safronova, D. "Sewage water biomonitoring using invertebrates as bioindicators." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2004. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/23265.

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Chan, Yvonne Yik Woon. "Ultraviolet treatments of sewage effluents." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261143.

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Books on the topic "Sewage wate"

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1913-, Fresenius Wilhelm, and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit., eds. Waste water technology: Origin, collection, treatment, and analysis of waste water. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989.

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Maine. Division of Environmental Health. Maine subsurface waste water disposal rules: 144 CMR 241. Augusta, Me: Dept. of Health & Human Services, Maine Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Environmental Health, 2005.

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Hammer, Mark J. Water and waste water technology. 2nd ed. New York: Wiley, 1986.

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Hydraulics in water and waste-water treatment technology. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1994.

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Waste water. London: Franklin Watts, 2006.

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The toilet papers: Recycling waste & conserving water. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Pub. Co., 1999.

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Winkler, M. A. Biological treatment of waste-water. Chichester: Horwood, 1997.

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Winkler, M. A. Biological treatment of waste-water. Chichester: Ellis Horwood, 1998.

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Ryn, Sim Van der. The toilet papers: Recycling waste and conserving water. Sausalito, CA: Ecological Design Press, 1995.

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K, Wang Lawrence, Hung Yung-Tse, and Shammas Nazih K, eds. Advanced physicochemical treatment processes. Totowa, N.J: Humana Press, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sewage wate"

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Yang, Jianming. "Waste Water and Sewage Management." In Environmental Management in Mega Construction Projects, 197–225. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3605-7_16.

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Mundoli, Seema, C. S. Dechamma, Madhureema Auddy, Abhiri Sanfui, and Harini Nagendra. "A New Imagination for Waste and Water in India’s Peri-Urban Interface." In Water Security, Conflict and Cooperation in Peri-Urban South Asia, 27–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79035-6_2.

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AbstractCities are often seen as incubators for enterprise and innovation. However, in this urbanisation era, we seem to suffer from a lack of imagination on how to handle the many environmental problems associated with expanding cities. This is especially true in the case of the peri-urban interface (PUI), a geographical and conceptual landscape with which the city core often has a contentious relationship. In this chapter we look at the complex linkages between water and waste in the PUIs of two metropolitan cities: Bengaluru and Kolkata. We look at two water systems: Kannuru lake in Bengaluru and Kolkata’s wetlands. Kannuru is a freshwater lake that supported traditional livelihoods and subsistence use by local communities, while Kolkata’s peri-urban wetlands not only served as the city’s natural sewage treatment plant but also enabled agriculture and aquaculture. Urbanization has adversely impacted both these water systems. Kannuru lake is threatened by a landfill on its periphery, while sewage-based farming and fisheries in Kolkata’s wetlands have been impacted by changes in land use and composition of sewage. We unravel the complexity in the waste-water relationship, where waste is seen as a pollutant in one and as a nutrient in the other. We attempt to understand how we can re-envision waste and water linkages in the PUIs of expanding cities if India needs to move towards a sustainable future.
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Fresenius, W., W. Schneider, B. Böhnke, and K. Pöppinghaus. "Sampling, Analysis and Classification of Waste Waters and Sewage Sludge." In Waste Water Technology, 916–1093. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52278-9_7.

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Albaji, Mohammad. "Sewage treatment." In Introduction to Water Engineering, Hydrology, and Irrigation, 145–59. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003293507-10.

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de Figueiredo, Cícero Célio, Joisman Fachini, Alyson Silva de Araujo, Jhon Kenedy Moura Chagas, and Jorge Paz-Ferreiro. "Sewage Sludge Biochar." In Handbook of Waste Biorefinery, 183–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06562-0_8.

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Salehiyoun, Ahmad Reza, Maria Francesco Di, Mohammad Sharifi, Omid Noroozi, Hamid Zilouei, and Mortaza Aghbashlo. "Anaerobic Co-digestion of Sewage Sludge and Animal by-Product." In Recent Trends in Waste Water Treatment and Water Resource Management, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0706-9_1.

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Prabhansu, Krishna Kant Dwivedi, Malay Kr Karmakar, and Pradip Kr Chatterjee. "Status of Sewage Treatment in Bihar and Needs for Improvement." In Recent Trends in Waste Water Treatment and Water Resource Management, 23–31. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0706-9_3.

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Atun, R. C., N. Ashok Kumar, K. Srinivas, S. Sankaran, and V. Arutchelvan. "Technical Feasibility of Hermetia illucens in Integrated Waste Management, Renovated with Sewage Water, an Overview." In Waste Water Recycling and Management, 183–206. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2619-6_15.

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Stöfen-O’Brien, Aleke, and Stefanie Werner. "Waste/Litter and Sewage Management." In Handbook on Marine Environment Protection, 755–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60156-4_39.

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Rosli, Nor Azalina, Hamidi Abdul Aziz, Mohamad Razip Selamat, Leonard Lim Lik Pueh, and Yung-Tse Hung. "Sewage Sludge Recycling and Disposal." In Solid Waste Engineering and Management, 347–438. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89336-1_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sewage wate"

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Panepinto, D., and G. Genon. "Wastewater sewage sludge: the thermal treatment solution." In WASTE MANAGEMENT 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wm140171.

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Al-Musharafi, S. K., I. Y. Mahmoud, and S. N. Al-Bahry. "Heavy metal contamination from treated sewage effluents." In WATER POLLUTION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp120331.

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Ben-jing, Tang, Hou Shu-qiang, Wang Yan-long, and Li Jing. "Research on Cooling Water Source Safety Measures in Water Intake Engineering of Coastal NPP." In 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering collocated with the ASME 2020 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone2020-16654.

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Abstract In view of the situation that large amounts of marine sewage and organisms enter into the cooling water intake system of a coastal NPP at BeiBu-bay, China, which affects the safe and stable operation of NPP, the optimization research on blockage prevention in the water intake engineering is carried out. Based on the statistical analysis of a large number of NPPs’ cooling water source safety incidents globally, the hydraulic characteristics of shell debris in water-intake open channel are studied first, and the source of shell debris in the drum filter at the water intake pump room is analyzed. Secondly, the water intake layout project scheme is optimized through the wave model test, which can effectively improve the wave cover in the water intake channel. At last, through the wave physical model test, the overall force of the network is studied under the combined action of wind, wave, flow and sewage, and the anchoring foundation which can guarantee the stable operation of the trash-intercepting network is optimized. By carrying out the optimization design of water intake engineering, reducing the waves in channel, reducing the possibility of marine sewage and organisms entering the channel, adding the trash-intercepting network facilities and forming effective cover. It can not only effectively avoid or reduce the impact of marine sewage and organisms on the cooling water source safety of NPPs, but also minimize the loss of marine organisms during the operation of NPPs.
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Font, R., M. F. Gomez-Rico, and A. Fullana. "Thermal degradation of organic pollutants in sewage sludge." In WATER POLLUTION 2008. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp080391.

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Hrudka, Jaroslav, Reka Wittmanova, Stefan Stanko, Andrea Raczkova, and Ivona Skultetyova. "POSSIBILITIES OF SEWAGE TREATMENT TEMPORARILY ACCUMULATED IN SUMPS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.19.

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The inhabitants produce the sump waters and accumulate temporarily in the sumps. This is sewage that must be treated before it is discharged to surface waters. Slovak legislation does not allow the discharge of such waters into the soil. The possibilities of sump water treatment are given by the water management equipment of the given locality where sewage water is produced. The most common treatment method is transported at municipal wastewater treatment plants, which are, however, largely congested. In many cases, the sump water is no longer able to receive in WWTP. Another way is domestic wastewater treatment plants, and also they are wastewater treatment plants exclusively for sump waters. Sump waters have a predominantly high organic content and therefore their quality needs to be constantly monitored. The most important monitored characteristics of sump waters are COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and BOD5 (Biological Oxygen Demand). The high concentration of these substances in the sump water can adversely affect the processes at the municipal wastewater treatment plant. Due to the rapid development of rural settlements without a functioning sewerage system, it is necessary to intensify or adapt the existing wastewater treatment plants. However, many engineers see the solution to this problem in the construction of separate wastewater treatment plants for sump waters.
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Tudor, Clara. "SOIL CARBON AND SEWAGE WATER." In 18th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2018. Stef92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/s13.062.

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Baloyi, C., J. R. Gumbo, and C. Muzerengi. "Pollutants in sewage effluent and sludge and their impact on downstream water quality: a case study of Malamulele sewage plant, South Africa." In WATER POLLUTION 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/wp140021.

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Barros, Marcos André Fernandes, and Jussara Socorro Cury Maciel. "Treatment of sanitary sewage in a flooded area in the Mauixi river - São Gabriel da Cachoeira city in Amazonas." In ENSUS2023 - XI Encontro de Sustentabilidade em Projeto. Grupo de Pesquisa Virtuhab/UFSC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2596-237x.ensus2023.v11.n2.p207-218.

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The treatment of sewage is essential to ensure the health and quality of life of the population. When sewage is not treated, we have the contamination of rivers, streams and groundwater, harming the local fauna and flora and putting the health of people who consume this water at risk. This basic service, guaranteed by the Federal Constitution, is a distant reality in small towns in Brazil. In the city of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, northwest of the State of Amazonas, due to the scarcity of financial resources for an adequate infrastructure, the waste and sewage effluents produced by the residents on the banks of the Mauixi stream are dumped directly into the water glass without the proper treatment.
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Chupin, V. R., M. V. Moroz, V. A. Bober, and Zhao Maocai. "Development of water supply and sewerage systems based on pipeline and road transport of water and sewage liquor." In SiliconPV 2021, The 11th International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics. AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0091618.

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Suzuki, Koichi. "Useful Ingredients Recovery from Sewage Sludge by using Hydrothermal Reaction." In WATER DYANMICS: 3rd International Workshop on Water Dynamics. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2207078.

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Reports on the topic "Sewage wate"

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Sturzenegger, Germán, Cecilia Vidal, and Sebastián Martínez. The Last Mile Challenge of Sewage Services in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Anastasiya Yarygina. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002878.

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Access to piped sewage in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) cities has been on the rise in recent decades. Yet achieving high rates of end-user connection between dwellings and sewage pipelines remains a challenge for water and sanitation utilities. Governments throughout the region are investing millions in increasing access to sewage services but are failing in the last mile. When households do not connect to the sewage system, the full health and social benefits of sanitation investments fail to accrue, and utilities can face lost revenue and higher operating costs. Barriers to connect are diverse, including low willingness to pay for connection costs and/or the associated tariffs, liquidity and credit constrains to cover the cost of upgrades or repairs, information gaps on the benefits of connecting, behavioral obstacles, and collective action failures. In contexts of weak regulation and strong social pressure, utilities typically lack the ability to enforce connection through fines and legal action. This paper explores the scope of the connectivity problem, identifies potential connection barriers, and discusses policy solutions. A research agenda is proposed in support of evidence-based interventions that have the potential to achieve higher effective sanitation coverage more rapidly and cost-effectively in LAC. This research agenda must focus on: i) quantifying the scope of the problem; ii) understanding the barriers that trigger it; and iii) identifying the most cost-effective policy and market-based solutions.
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Lewis, Mike. Recycled Water Reuse Permit Renewal Application for the Central Facilities Area Sewage Treatment Plant. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1170311.

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Ozano, Kim, Andrew Roby, and Jacob Tompkins. Learning Journey on Water Security: UK Water Offer. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.026.

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The overarching goals for the UK in relation to global water security are to; tackle and reverse growing water insecurity and its consequences caused by depletion and degradation of natural water sources; and address poor water management and increasing demand. To do this, the UK has a well-developed water ‘offer’ that together can help reach the goal of global water security. This note details some of that water offer: UK water leadership: The UK developed the concept of modern sanitation and water supply, with an early example being the Victorian Bazalgette London sewer; Ownership and regulation: The UK has four models of ownership: government department in Northern Ireland, GoCo in Scotland, Mutual in Wales, and private companies in England. But the common thread is strong and clear, regulation to deliver the right outcomes for society; Competition and markets: The UK set up the world’s first water retail markets for business customers, delivering savings and environmental benefits. Similar market mechanisms are being developed for sewage sludge, which will help drive circular economy solutions; Innovation: The UK has a huge number of water tech start-ups and most water companies have labs and pilot schemes to support these fledgling companies. At the same time, the English regulator, Ofwat, has established a huge innovation fund, which along with the Scottish Hydro Nation initiative has made the UK the best place in the world for water innovation and tech.
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Banin, Amos, Joseph Stucki, and Joel Kostka. Redox Processes in Soils Irrigated with Reclaimed Sewage Effluents: Field Cycles and Basic Mechanism. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7695870.bard.

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The overall objectives of the project were: (a) To measure and study in situ the effect of irrigation with reclaimed sewage effluents on redox processes and related chemical dynamics in soil profiles of agricultural fields. (b) To study under controlled conditions the kinetics and equilibrium states of selected processes that affect redox conditions in field soils or that are effected by them. Specifically, these include the effects on heavy metals sorption and desorption, and the effect on pesticide degradation. On the basis of the initial results from the field study, increased effort was devoted to clarifying and quantifying the effects of plants and water regime on the soil's redox potential while the study of heavy metals sorption was limited. The use of reclaimed sewage effluents as agricultural irrigation water is increasing at a significant rate. The relatively high levels of suspended and, especially, dissolved organic matter and nitrogen in effluents may affect the redox regime in field soils irrigated with them. In turn, the changes in redox regime may affect, among other parameters, the organic matter and nitrogen dynamics of the root zone and trace organic decomposition processes. Detailed data of the redox potential regime in field plots is lacking, and the detailed mechanisms of its control are obscure and not quantified. The study established the feasibility of long-term, non-disturbing monitoring of redox potential regime in field soils. This may enable to manage soil redox under conditions of continued inputs of wastewater. The importance of controlling the degree of wastewater treatment, particularly of adding ultrafiltration steps and/or tertiary treatment, may be assessed based on these and similar results. Low redox potential was measured in a field site (Site A, KibutzGivat Brenner), that has been irrigated with effluents for 30 years and was used for 15 years for continuous commercial sod production. A permanently reduced horizon (Time weighted averaged pe= 0.33±3.0) was found in this site at the 15 cm depth throughout the measurement period of 10 months. A drastic cultivation intervention, involving prolonged drying and deep plowing operations may be required to reclaim such soils. Site B, characterized by a loamy texture, irrigated with tap water for about 20 years was oxidized (Time weighted average pe=8.1±1.0) throughout the measurement period. Iron in the solid phases of the Givat Brenner soils is chemically-reduced by irrigation. Reduced Fe in these soils causes a change in reactivity toward the pesticide oxamyl, which has been determined to be both cytotoxic and genotoxic to mammalian cells. Reaction of oxamyl with reduced-Fe clay minerals dramatically decreases its cytotoxicity and genotoxicity to mammalian cells. Some other pesticides are affected in the same manner, whereas others are affected in the opposite direction (become more cyto- and genotoxic). Iron-reducing bacteria (FeRB) are abundant in the Givat Brenner soils. FeRB are capable of coupling the oxidation of small molecular weight carbon compounds (fermentation products) to the respiration of iron under anoxic conditions, such as those that occur under flooded soil conditions. FeRB from these soils utilize a variety of Fe forms, including Fe-containing clay minerals, as the sole electron acceptor. Daily cycles of the soil redox potential were discovered and documented in controlled-conditions lysimeter experiments. In the oxic range (pe=12-8) soil redox potential cycling is attributed to the effect of the daily temperature cycle on the equilibrium constant of the oxygenation reaction of H⁺ to form H₂O, and is observed under both effluent and freshwater irrigation. The presence of plants affects considerably the redox potential regime of soils. Redox potential cycling coupled to the irrigation cycles is observed when the soil becomes anoxic and the redox potential is controlled by the Fe(III)/Fe(II) redox couple. This is particularly seen when plants are grown. Re-oxidation of the soil after soil drying at the end of an irrigation cycle is affected to some degree by the water quality. Surprisingly, the results suggest that under certain conditions recovery is less pronounced in the freshwater irrigated soils.
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Adam, Isabelle, Mihály Fazekas, Alfredo Hernandez Sanchez, Peter Horn, and Nóra Regös. Integrity Dividends: Procurement in the Water and Sanitation Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean. Edited by Marcello Basani and Jacopo Gamba. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004688.

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Public procurement represents a large portion of government expenditure, more so in developing economies. Inefficiencies in public expenditures thus place a heavy burden on society. The Water and Sanitation (W&S) sector is especially vulnerable to public procurement inefficiencies due to the capital-intensive and complex nature of large-scale projects such as sewage, pipelines, and general maintenance. Recent studies have found that quality of corporate governance and transparency of water utilities as well as regulatory and supervisory agencies are key drivers of the sectors performance. To support better policies in the W&S sector, this report conducts a sectoral measurement of public procurement integrity using government administrative data and identifies effective interventions for improving the performance of utilities. The following questions are explored: Which types of integrity risk carry the highest economic costs? What are effective policy solutions? Which address the most impactful risks effectively? What are the price savings and project-delay-reducing impacts of such solutions? To this effect, the study analyzes data for six countries in the Latin American & Caribbean region. Several regression models were run to assess which indicators of integrity are good predictors of improved outcomes in terms of price (unit or relative) and quality (delays) of public purchases in the sector.
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Palmborg, Cecilia. Fertilization with digestate and digestate products – availability and demonstration experiments within the project Botnia nutrient recycling. Department of Agricultural Research for Northern Sweden, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.25rctaeopn.

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To increase our food security in Västerbotten we will need to become more self-sufficient of both energy, feed and nutrients that are now imported to the region. Biogas production from different waste streams is one solution to this. Biogas is produced using biowaste or sewage sludge as substrate in the major cities Umeå and Skellefteå. Biogas systems offer a range of benefits to society. Biogas production is currently prized for its climate benefits when replacing fossil fuels for the production of heat, electricity and vehicle gas, but at Bothnia Nutrient Recycling we have studied how to use the digestate, i.e. the residual product of production, as fertilizer in agriculture. We have been working to improve profitability for biogas producers and develop sustainable products from recycled nutrients, like phosphorus and nitrogen. Improving the uses for digestate increases self-sufficiency in agriculture and contributes to a circular economy. We conducted three agricultural demonstration experiments in collaboration with agricultural high schools in Finland and Sweden to introduce digestate and digestate products to the future farmers in the regions. We found that it may be possible to replace cattle slurry with compost when growing maize despite the low levels of nitrogen, N, available to plants in the compost. In barley, NPK fertilizers gave the highest yield. Digestate from HEMAB and sludge biochar supplemented with recycled ammonium sulphate gave a smaller yield but higher than unfertilized crop. Digestate from a dry digestion biogas plant in Härnösand was better suited to barley than to grass because in an experiment on grass ley the viscous fertilizer did not penetrate the grass and did not increase the growth of the grass. Fertilizer effects on crop quality were small. There was no increased uptake of heavy metals in barley after fertilization with digestate or digestate products compared to NPK fertilization. These demonstration experiments show that more thorough scientific experimentation is needed as a foundation for recommendations to farmers. The amounts of nitrogen and phosphorous in digestate from Västerbotten that could become used as fertilizer were modelled. It showed that if sewage sludge digestate is used to make sludge biochar and ammonium sulphate and the other available digestates are used directly in agriculture, the entire phosphorous demand but only a small part of the nitrogen demand in the county, could be covered. Thus, to achieve a true circular food production, development and increase of both the waste handling sector and agriculture is needed.
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Hasanbeigi, Ali, Hongyou Lu, Christopher Williams, and Lynn Price. International Best Practices for Pre-Processing and Co-Processing Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge in the Cement Industry. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1213537.

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McMahon, Joseph, Ryan D. R. Turner, and Michael St J. Warne. Estimates of demand for water quality offsets from sewage treatment plants in the Great Barrier Reef catchments by 2050. Brisbane, QLD Australia: The University of Queensland, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14264/5867b37.

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Sobolik, S. R., and M. E. Fewell. Estimation of the impact of water movement from sewage and settling ponds near a potential high level radioactive waste repository in Yucca Mountain, Nevada; Yucca Mountain Site Characterization Project. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/138375.

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Alsan, Marcella, and Claudia Goldin. Watersheds in Child Mortality: The Role of Effective Water and Sewerage Infrastructure, 1880 to 1920. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21263.

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