Journal articles: 'Sewage purification'

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RADCLIFFE, L. Gr. "Purification of Sewage." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 9, no. 1 (October 22, 2008): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1893.tb02852.x.

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Kalenik, Marek. "Badania modelowe skuteczności oczyszczania ścieków w piasku średnim z warstwą wspomagającą z hydro-antracytu." Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska 28, no. 2 (July 10, 2019): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/pniks.2019.28.2.24.

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The model investigations of sewage purification were carried out in a medium sand bed with an assisting hydro-anthracite layer with thickness of 0.10 and 0.20 m. It has been observed that the effectiveness of sewage purification related to basic qualitative parameters (total suspended solids – TSS, BOD5, COD, total nitrogen, total phosphorus) is in accordance with the Polish standards on sewage disposal into grounds and surface water. It has been stated that the medium sand soil bed with the 0.20-meter thick assisting hydro-anthracite layer shows higher effectiveness of sewage purification than the 0.10 m thick assisting layer. This application in the medium sand soil bed increased the removal efficiency regarding TSS by 3.1%, total nitrogen by 29.4%, ammonia nitrogen by 1.2% and total phosphorus by 23.0%, and reduction efficiency regarding BOD5 by 1.5% and COD by 11.3% with relation to the 0.10-meter thick assisting hydro-anthracite layer (all percentages – in average). The investigations confirm that the hydro-anthracite with the granulation of 1.8–2.5 mm can be used to assist in removal of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds from sewages

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Halicki, W., and A. Szymańczyk. "Purification Performance of Biological Two-staged Plant Sewage Systems." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 26, 2006): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2003vol1.1992.

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In the following article, results regarding purification performance of one of several biological two-staged sewage systems constructed in Poland are presented. The system selected was built for purification of sewage from an environmental center in Pszczew in West Poland. The performance evaluation refers to the elimination of nutrients as well as organic compounds. The results are furthermore compared to legal purification requirements for sewage systems in Poland. Since the purification achieved was so high, the purified sewage water can be used for irrigation purposes of the green area in the grounds of the environmental center all year long. By closing this circle, the ecological effects of the method used for sewage purification are much increased.

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Koenraad, P. M. F. J., W. F. Jacobs-Reitsma, T. Van Der Laan, R. R. Beumer, and F. M. Rombouts. "Antibiotic susceptibility of campylobacter isolates from sewage and poultry abattoir drain water." Epidemiology and Infection 115, no. 3 (December 1995): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268800058635.

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SummaryIn this study, thein vitrosusceptibility of 209 campylobacter strains to the quinolones nalidixic acid, flumequine, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, and to ampicillin, tetracycline and erythromycin was tested by the disk diffusion method. The strains were isolated from poultry abattoir effluent (DWA) and two sewage purification plants (SPA and SPB). Sewage purification plant SPA received mixed sewage, including that from a poultry abattoir, whereas SPB did not receive sewage from any meat-processing industry. The quinolone resistance of the DWA isolates ranged from 28% for enrofloxacin to 50% for nalidixic acid. The strains isolated from the sewage purification plants were more susceptible to the quinolones with a range of 11–18% quinolone resistance for SPB isolates to 17–33% quinolone resistance for SPA isolates. The susceptibility criteria as recommended by National Committee Clinical Laboratory Standards (USA) cannot readily be employed for campylobacter isolates. This investigation shows that the resistance of campylobacter bacteria is highest in the plant receiving sewage from a poultry slaughterhouse. Monitoring of antibiotic resistance of aquaticCampylobacterspp. is important, as surface waters are recognized as possible sources of infection.

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Peng, Lei, Ping Liu, Jian Hao, Qingguo Gao, and Jianjun Yang. "Preparation of NaCl Particles Added Polyvinylidene Fluoride Microporous Filter and a Simple Filtration Device." Coatings 14, no. 2 (February 2, 2024): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14020196.

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Clean and pollution-free water plays a crucial role in human metabolism and is essential for everyone’s daily life. However, with industrialization, a significant amount of sewage has been produced for many years. Water resources tend to become stressed when the rate of sewage production speed is purified. Many researchers are working on sewage purification to eliminate this hidden danger. It is urgent to find an efficient, high-speed, and environmental way to purify sewage. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of pore morphology on filtration. In addition, a Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-microporous filter (MPF) based on non-solvent-induced phase separation (NIPS) and vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) methods was designed, the morphology and properties of a series of sodium chloride particles (NaCl-ps) added PVDF-MPF was researched, and a simple semi-automatic filtration device based on the character of this PVDF-MPF was manufactured. According to the light transmittance of filtered sewage through PVDF-MPF and NaCl-ps added PVDF-MPF, both PVDF-MPFs can remove particles in sewage. However, after adding NaCl-ps, the purification capacity of PVDF-MPF is higher than that of PVDF-MPF without adding NaCl-ps. The addition of NaCl-ps changes the morphology and improves the sewage purification capacity of PVDF-MPF.

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Bao, Zhen Bo, Deng Chao Jin, and Hong Jun Teng. "Constructed Wetlands Sewage Treatment Technology Purification Mechanism and Influence Factors." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 3003–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.3003.

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Constructed wetlands are new sewage treatment technology, which have advantages of good decontamination effect, low operating costs and easy maintenance. Base on analysis of constructed wetlands composition and purification mechanism, the constructed wetlands purification influence factors are summarized, and the problems and solutions of constructed wetlands are pointed out. Carrying out in-depth study on constructed wetlands design, operational control and maintenance management to improve comprehensive benefits of wetland sewage purification technology, have great practical significance and far-reaching social significance.

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STEPANOV, S. V., Yu E. STAShOK, and N. V. NOEV. "RESEARCHES ON BIOMEMBRANE PURIFICATIONAND DEMINERALIZATION OF WASTE WATERS AT SYZRAN OIL REFINERY." Urban construction and architecture 2, no. 1 (March 15, 2012): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2012.01.10.

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There are given the research results of biomembrane waste water purification at Syzran Oil Refinery and demineralization of biologically treated sewage waters by the method of reversible electrodialysis. We compared the purification eﬃciency on the membrane bioreactor with ethanol dosing (in order to get deeper denitrification) and without it and the purification without adding household drain as well. It is shown that biomembrane technology combined with sorption tertiary treatment makes it possible to meet the requirements of the Russian Federation norms to the quality of treated sewage. The results of the experiment on the demineralization of biologically treated sewage waters using the method of reversible electrodialysis are given. We have concluded that the recycle systems of the plant can be fed with demineralised desalted water.

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Liu, Bao You, and Ya Ru Liu. "Rational Analysis of Sewage Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 889-890 (February 2014): 1617–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.889-890.1617.

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Sewage treatment problem is a typical linear programming problem, and can be solved by method of linear programming. In order to reflect the principle of fairness and make full use of self-purification capacity of environment, this paper gives rational analysis of the sewage disposal problems in 2007 Chinese Undergraduate Mathematical Modeling Contest. The mathematical model of linear programming is established, and solved by lingo optimization software. The results show that: by the principle of fairness, investment funds increased; by the principle of self-purification capacity of environment, investment funds decreased. The results can provide guidance for decision makers to choose different scheme.

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Wu, Chun Du, Chun Xia Liu, and Qing Jie Xie. "Primary Study on the Pollution Control of Overflow by Stepwise Adsorption Purification Bed." Advanced Materials Research 113-116 (June 2010): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.113-116.259.

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In this paper a stepwise adsorption purification bed was introduced to be used for overflow wastewater treatment. According to the principle of natural purification of soil and paddy fields on sewage, the stepwise adsorption purification bed imitated the self-purification function of natural materials, such as defoliation，rotten wood, charcoal and the stone were processed as filler. The removal rate of the parameters, such as COD, NH3-N and TP was invested to show the treatment effect of this system. The result showed that the system had a high removal rate of the contamination in the sewage. The COD, NH3-N and TP removal rates can reach up to 80%, 85.8% and 84% respectively.

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Shu, Xiaoxiao, Lu Sun, and Chao Guo. "Research on Sewage Purification Technology in Sponge Cities." Frontiers in Sustainable Development 3, no. 4 (April 20, 2023): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fsd.v3i4.4779.

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Urban water system ecology has been severely damaged, urban waterlogging, water pollution, water resources shortage and other problems have become more serious, and it is urgent to repair and harness them. The concept of sponge city can effectively improve the state of urban water system. Therefore, this article aims to provide theoretical support for China's sponge city pollution water purification technology by analyzing the characteristics, hazards, and different sewage purification technologies of urban sewage.

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Porozhnyuk, L. A., and E. V. Porozhnyuk. "The Development of a Purification Method of Sewage from Chromium (VI) by Iron-Containing Waste." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 761–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.761.

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The article presents the results of reagent purification of sewage from machine building industries from chromium (VI) ions. The relevance of research is connected with the expansion of the spectrum of effective reagents at the expense of the use of industrial wastes [1-3]. The component composition of abrasive waste formed from grinding of ferrous metals with a metal content of less than 50% is studied here. Conditions have been developed for the oxidation-reduction reactions necessary in the reagent purification of sewage from chromium (VI). It is shown that purification with an efficiency of more than 80% takes place within 60 minutes.

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MURADYaN, Yu V., and S. Yu TEPLYKh. "AFTER TREATMENT DOMESTIC SEWAGE WITH ERSHOVA LOADING." Urban construction and architecture 2, no. 2 (June 15, 2012): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2012.02.11.

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Widespread now technological scheme and construction technology of wastewater do not provide normative qualitative parameters that correspond to the requirements of the water fish-economical ponds.The limited financing of construction of new sewage is the main method of improving the reconstruction and/or intensification of existing sewage systems.Now for the intensification of the process of purification of biologically treated wastewater purification filter with the proposed design of the load which ershov fully satisfies modern requirements on quality of discharged waste water into a reservoir.

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Yang, You Ping, and Hui Hui Weng. "An Underground Pollution of Water Purification Processing Equipment Develop." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 1372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.1372.

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The development of a kind of subsurface sewage disposal device is to develop a subsurface sewage disposal device which uses physical filtration to improve water quality of some specific area. This device mainly consists of a pressure dissolved air vessel, purification filtrating equipment and a system controller. This device also uses modern control technology to make the water quality meet the requirement of the standard of domestic water and satisfy peoples demand for water by controlling the pressure and flow of water strictly and separate impurities and harmful substances from the sewage.

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Porozhnyuk, L. A., N. S. Lupandina, and E. V. Porozhnyuk. "Research of Mechanisms of Copper Ions Removal out of Sewage of Machine-Building Productions by Combined Reagent Based on Industrial Wastes." Solid State Phenomena 265 (September 2017): 851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.265.851.

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The need for sewage purification of machine-building production from copper compounds which possess toxic, allergic, cancerogenic, gonadotropny and embryotoxic action, has been justified. The methods of studying of component and mineralogical composition of wastes, which are used for purification of model mortars, have been given. Some methods of purification of mortars from copper ions have been considered. The need for the search of alternative methods of purification, taking into consideration the composition and properties of the purified environments, and also taking into account the possible reset of purified sewage into natural reservoirs, has been shown. It has been revealed, that application of calcium- containingwaste as reagent won't help to additional alkalization of natural reservoirs. Prospects of use of regional industrial wastes for extraction of copper ions out of model mortarshave been shown. The mechanism of purification of model drains from copper ions by a combined reagent has been described.

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Bai, Zhi, Haifeng Xu, Guang Li, Bo Yang, Jixin Yao, Kai Guo, and Nan Wang. "MoS2 Nanosheets Decorated with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles for Highly Efficient Solar Steam Generation and Water Treatment." Molecules 28, no. 4 (February 10, 2023): 1719. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041719.

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The shortage of water resources has always been one of the most difficult problems that perplexes humanity. Solar steam generation (SSG) has been a new non-polluting and low-cost water purification method in recent years. However, the high cost of traditional photothermal conversion materials and the low efficiency of photothermal conversion has restricted the large-scale application of SSG technology. In this work, composite materials with Fe3O4 nanospheres attached to MoS2 nanosheets were synthesized, which increased the absorbance and specific surface area of the composite materials, reduced the sunlight reflection, and increased the photothermal conversion efficiency. During the experiment, the composite material was evenly coated on cotton. The strong water absorption of cotton ensured that the water could be transported sufficiently to the surface for evaporation. Under one sun irradiation intensity, the evaporation rate of the sample synthesized in this work reached 1.42 kg m−2 h−1; the evaporation efficiency is 89.18%. In addition, the surface temperature of the sample can reach 41.6 °C, which has far exceeded most photothermal conversion materials. Furthermore, the use of this composite material as an SSG device for seawater desalination and sewage purification can remove more than 98% of salt ions in seawater, and the removal rate of heavy metal ions in sewage is close to 100%, with a good seawater desalination capacity and sewage purification capacity. This work provides a new idea for the application of composite materials in the field of seawater desalination and sewage purification.

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Kuldeyev, Erzhan I., Aysha E. Tastanova, Igor V. Bondarenko, Saniya S. Temirova, Ruslan E. Nurlybayev, Bibigul S. Botantayeva, and Fardila M. Zaihidee. "Complex Alumina-Ferrous Coagulant for Effective Wastewater Purification from Hydrogen Sulfide." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2021 (May 13, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5595599.

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The article provides an overview of studies on the causes of the formation of hydrogen sulfide in anaerobic conditions of urban sewage systems and methods for neutralizing toxic reagent sulfur-containing compounds. It is noted that the presence of sulfur compounds and organic components in sewage flow leads to the formation and release of hydrogen sulfide into the atmosphere of settlements. Three main categories of methods for purifying sewage wastewater from hydrogen sulfide are presented. In this work, a complex alumina-ferrous coagulant has been developed from Kazakh raw materials. Based on natural ferruginous diatomite and middlings of sintered alumina, a complex alumina-ferrous coagulant has been synthesized, which is effective in purifying wastewater from hydrogen sulfide, accelerating the processes of sedimentation and clarification of sewage slurries. Experimental results also show that with the supply of increased amounts of coagulant, oil and oil films disappear from the surface of the cylinder, an almost complete purification of effluents from hydrogen sulfide compounds occurs, and the color of the liquid part is greatly reduced. In addition, the advantage of the developed reagent is that it is presented in the form of fine powder and can be easily dosed and added to a canalization pump station to interact with diluted hydrogen sulfide and be transported to sewage fields. Compared to other proposed methods in previous works, the reagent is suitable to be used directly in sewage systems such as sewage waters treatment plants and collectors to prevent hydrogen sulfide emission into the air atmosphere of populated areas, as well as at city sewage water treatment stations after air tanks and before secondary clarifiers to obtain better purified water suitable for watering agricultural plants.

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Koren'kov, V. N., and B. P. Zhukov. "Biological purification of sewage from chemical plants." Russian Chemical Reviews 60, no. 3 (March 31, 1991): 273–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rc1991v060n03abeh001059.

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Serpokrylov, Nikolay S., Alla S. Smolyanichenko, and Elena V. Yakovleva. "Sewage cleaning by using a phase separator." E3S Web of Conferences 164 (2020): 01020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016401020.

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This article proposes a solution to the urgent problem of treating oil-, fat-containing wastewater. A phase separator of dispersions for preliminary purification of industrial wastewater contaminated with fats is proposed, its effectiveness in the treatment of wastewater at local treatment facilities of an industrial plant for the production of sunflower oil is tested. In order to reduce the cost of acquiring reagents and increase the efficiency of purification of fat-containing wastewater, the use of carbide sludge and sodium hydroaluminate was studied. Laboratory studies conducted by the method of an active experiment.

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Tsyba, Anna, and Yury Skolubovich. "Technology of surface wastewater purification, including high-rise construction areas." E3S Web of Conferences 33 (2018): 02052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183302052.

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Despite on the improvements in the quality of high-rise construction areas and industrial wastewater treatment, the pollution of water bodies continues to increase. This is due to the organized and unorganized surface untreated sewage entry into the reservoirs. The qualitative analysis of some cities’ surface sewage composition is carried out in the work. Based on the published literature review, the characteristic contamination present in surface wastewater was identified. The paper proposes a new technology for the treatment of surface sewage and presents the results of preliminary studies.

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Jin, La Hua, and Na Sha Jiang. "Research on Effect and Mechanism of Sewage Treatment by SBR with Concrete Bio-Films." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1930–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1930.

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In order to develop a new high-efficient but low-cost sewage treatment technology, sewage treatment experiments have been accomplished in a new type sequencing batch reactor with concrete bio-films. During experiments, simulation sewage was taken as raw water, and the operation sequence of the reactor was taken as 1.25h for water input and hypoxia, 1.25h for aeration, 0.5h for precipitation and 0.5h for water discharge successively. It has been shown by the experimental results that the reactor has optimal sewage purification effects, such as its average pollutant removal rate can arrive at about 95% for COD and BOD5, near 70% for ammonia hydrogen and about 40% for total phosphorus under the experimental condition. Main factors influencing the reactor purification effect have been discovered as pollutant volume load, ratio C/N, water temperature and amount of bio-films installed in the reactor. The mechanism of their influences has been also discussed in this paper.

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Li, Fu Bao, Hui Lin Wang, Qin Li, and De Xi Wang. "Study on Impinging Streams Reactor for Sewage Purification." Advanced Materials Research 97-101 (March 2010): 4466–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.97-101.4466.

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A new type of sewage treatment experimental device is designed, and so is its main equipment-impinging stream reactor. The advantages of efficient mixing and uniform reaction in the current impinging stream reactor are maintained, while vibration, shaft sealing failure and other issues in the propeller-type impinging stream reactor are overcome. The experimental results indicate that the equipment was running cost-effective and easy to operate. The outlook of the impinging stream technology for sewage treatment is forecast.

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Lu, Min, Zhen Guo, and Dong He Li. "Purification Efficiency of Several Constructed Wetland Plants in COD Disposal in Domestic Sewage." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2690.

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The research on the species selection of constructed wetland plants and the purification effects of the plants is crucial in ecological wastewater treatment technology. This paper studies the purification effects of different residence time of sewage water, different constructed wetland plants and their synergistic effect on COD disposal in domestic sewage. The results indicate that the best plant combination in purifying COD is that of Phragmites communis, Typha orientalis and Canna generalis, followed by that of Phragmites communis, Arundo donax and Canna generalis. The best plant species in purifying COD is Typha orientalis, followed by Phragmites communis.

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Tashyrev, O. B. "NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC SOLID CARRIERS IN FLOW MODULE FOR MICROBIAL SEWAGE FILTRATE PURIFICATION." Biotechnologia Acta 11, no. 6 (December 2018): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/biotech11.06.073.

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Truu, Jaak, E. Talpsep, E. Heinaru, and A. Heinaru. "Self-purification processes in Estonian rivers receiving sewage from oil shale processing industry." River Systems 13, no. 3-4 (January 1, 2002): 459–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/lr/13/2002/459.

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Song, Xiaoying, Hucheng Song, Sheng Wang, Jingjing Liu, Lin Zhou, Jun Xu, and Kunji Chen. "Enhancement of solar vapor generation by a 3D hierarchical heat trapping structure." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 7, no. 46 (2019): 26496–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta09554c.

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Ma, Ziyi. "DE Oxidation-Fused Industrial Wastewater Purification Fuzzy Control and Simulation." Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience 2022 (February 26, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2843055.

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In this study, a novel microcirculation chromatography with pulsed amperometric discovery (IC/PAD) system is established for the cyanide in business sewage. For business sewage with complicated substrates, the microstrewing means is leveraged for purification and decoration, and subsequently, the IC/PAD course is utilized to psychoanalyze and accuse the cyanide in the match. Under optimum plight, cyanide exhibits some kind of linearity in the frequency of 1.0–200.0 μg/L, and the perception termination and quantification check of cyanide in business sewage are 0.15 μg/L and 0.5 0 μg/L, respectively. The scold is between 88.6% and 1 08.5%. This mode is highly caring, tenacious and awesome, and calm to manage. It offers recent discrimination for the discovery of cyanide in business sewage. In this case, the insincere-frequent uninterrupted inundate analyzer is to decide business sewage with comprehensive distinction in ammonium propellant major. The spring is compared with the mensuration rise of Nessler's test spectrophotometry. The rise has shown that when the double-stroll regularity of extended overflow analyzer is a manner to simultaneously moderate lofty and blaze concentrations of ammonia packaging gas, there is no important contention compared with the mensuration inference of Nessler's test spectrophotometry. The analysis of the regularity has whole reagents, and harmless and strong transformation. This can optimally decrease the effort intenseness of testers and is valuable of preferment. Index Terms—DE oxidation, industrial wastewater, purification, fuzzy control, simulation.

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Li, Zhi Fen, and Tai Ling Ma. "Study of Earthworms Treating Municipal Wastewater in Cold Regions." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 2141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.2141.

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Earthworms have synchronous function in sewage purification, sludge stabilization and reduction. Earthworms used in sewage treatment are energy-efficient and high assurance, and show remarkable economic and environmental benefits. The material being in keeping with sustainable development has “ecological equilibrium” and “environment-friendly” two distinct characteristic. This paper analyzes Influence factors of handling techniques. Besides it studies the technical and economic feasibility of technology applied in cold regions and finds a new method for the reuse of sewage and sludge in cold regions.

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Mukhortova, L. I., Yu T. Efimov, T. G. Konstantinovа, and V. P. Endyuskin. "Sorption Purification of Sewage from Aromatic Nitro Compounds." Ecology and Industry of Russia 24, no. 5 (May 10, 2020): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2020-5-21-23.

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The possibility of using activated carbons in wastewater treatment from aromatic nitrophenols and nitrosulfonic acids was investigated. The main parameters of the adsorption process that provide the maximum degree of purification are determined: the amount of activated carbon and the pH of mother solutions. The method of regeneration of the extracted activated carbon by treatment with sodium hydroxide solution was studied, the optimal conditions of extraction were determined.

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Ringpfeil, Manfred, Matthias Gerhardt, Mark Zittwitz, Axel Blokesch, Vincent Pelenc, Wolfgang Speter, and Monika Wolf. "Recovering energy from organic residues during sewage purification." Industrial Biotechnology 1, no. 2 (June 2005): 119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ind.2005.1.119.

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Klischenko, R., B. Kornilovich, R. Chebotaryova, and V. Linkov. "Purification of galvanic sewage from metals by electrodialysis." Desalination 126, no. 1-3 (November 1999): 159–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0011-9164(99)00169-1.

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Ma, Chao, Hui Ding, Yi Chao Sun, and Xiao Wen Deng. "Removal of Nutrients from Saline Waste Sewage with Different Vertical-Flow Constructed Wetland Substrates." Advanced Materials Research 356-360 (October 2011): 1189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.356-360.1189.

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In order to find the best substrates of constructed wetlands for saline waste sewage treatment, Bio-ceramic, quartz sand, zeolite and medical stone were used as filtering media for saline sewage treatment with proper proportion microbe, isolated from the sewage of the Wuqing sewage treatment plant. In this paper, the purification of the vertical-flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) with different substrates was studied, and the component of the nitrogen in the influent and effluent was analyzed. The concentrations of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia (NH4+-N), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN) and the salinity of the influent during the experimental period were 150mg•L-1, 36 mg•L-1, 8mg•L-1, 36mg•L-1and 1.6%. Under the condition that the hydraulic loading rate was 0.25m•d-1, the average removal efficiency of COD, TP and TN were obtained about 68.81%, 32.01% and 20.72 %, respectively with Bio-ceramic; 61.92%, 31.75% and 34.33%, respectively with quartz sands; 69.47%, 35.44% and 55.28% , respectively with zeolite; and 64.77%, 32.63% and 34.72%, respectively with medical stone. This result proves that comprehensive purification of the system with zeolite is the best.

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Karpuzcu, M., A. Dimoglo, and H. Y. Akbulut. "Purification of agro-industrial wastewater from the grease-protein mixture by means of electroflotocoagulation." Water Science and Technology 45, no. 12 (June 1, 2002): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0431.

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The process of agro-industrial sewage treatment with the aim of extracting grease from the waters is studied by means of electroflotocoagulation. A method of optimising the construction of electroflotocoagulation apparatus for sewage treatment is offered that allows passing from a laboratorial model to an industrial specimen that possesses the same level of technological characteristics. Multiple examples are given of applying electroflotocoagulation technology for sewage treatment from proteins and grease under different conditions.

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Voigtländer, G., and E. P. Kulle. "An improved small sewage treatment plant for biological purification of wastewater." Water Science and Technology 29, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1994.0575.

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The paper presents a small sewage treatment plant (package plant) operating without additional energy. Purification of sewage is achieved in a three-step process: sedimentation tank, anaerobic reactor and wastewater pond or aerobic reactor. The efficiency of the anaerobic reactor - in contrast to the efficiency of a common septic tank - is significantly increased by using fixed biomass systems. Further degradation of sewage compounds by adhering microorganisms occurs in pond or aerobic reactor. The bed for the aerobic biomass is made of a semipermeable plastic film and arranged in order to ensure simultaneous supply of oxygen. The three pilot plants are showing different results. The main aims of research i.e. lowering of operational costs, energy supply, minimizing of maintenance expenditure and cleaning work, reliability of degradation efficiency have been achieved so far for the anaerobic reactor.

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Smirnov, Alexander, Kantemir Tsabolov, Liliya Ineshina, and Elena Gogina. "Using biogas as an energy source." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 04064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304064.

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This article discusses the topic of sewage sludge digestion. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge makes it possible to obtain biogas, which can later be used to generate heat or electricity. this approach to resource use is recognized worldwide as more environmentally friendly. The article discusses the experience of European countries in the production and use of biogas. In the Russian Federation, the situation is complicated by the fact that wastewater contains a small amount of organic matter, which is a product for biogas production. Therefore, methods have been proposed for increasing the content of organic matter in sediments, for example, by means of separate waste collection and disposal of organic waste through grinders into the sewerage system. Or, the amount of organic matter in the sewage sludge can be increased by adding manure from animal farms. The stages of sediment fermentation are considered. The topic of rationality and payback of the use of biogas is raised. Projects already working in different countries are being considered. Possible volumes of gas production and methods of air purification during sludge treatment are considered.

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Mezhevova, A. S., Yu V. Berestneva, and A. M. Pugacheva. "Secondary Use of Sewage Sludge, Research on Its Morphology and Physical and Chemical Properties." Ecology and Industry of Russia 25, no. 8 (August 11, 2021): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2021-8-14-20.

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The findings of comprehensive studies on morphology, physico-chemical properties of sewage sludge, as well as practicalities of its application have been introduced. The sewage sludge used for the research came from the purification facilities of Volzhsky after the preliminary treated by the enzymatic-cavitation method. The morphology and structure of the processed sewage sludge have been determined by scanning electron microscope investigation and X-ray phase analysis. The chemical composition of the processed wastewater sludge have been and tested as an organic fertilizer in the cultivation of the false saffron.

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Di Giacomo, Gabriele, and Pietro Romano. "Evolution and Prospects in Managing Sewage Sludge Resulting from Municipal Wastewater Purification." Energies 15, no. 15 (August 3, 2022): 5633. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15155633.

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Municipal sewage sludge is the residual material produced as a waste of municipal wastewater purification. It is a sophisticated multi-component material, hard to handle. For many years, it has been landfilled, incinerated, and widely used in agriculture practice. When unproperly discharged, it is very polluting and unhealthy. The rapidly increasing global amount of municipal sewage sludge produced annually depends on urbanization, degree of development, and lifestyle. Some diffused traditional practices were banned or became economically unfeasible or unacceptable by the communities. In contrast, it has been established that MSS contains valuable resources, which can be utilized as energy and fertilizer. The objective of the review was to prove that resource recovery is beneficially affordable using modern approaches and proper technologies and to estimate the required resources and time. The open sources of information were deeply mined, critically examined, and selected to derive the necessary information regarding each network segment, from the source to the final point, where the municipal sewage sludge is produced and disposed of. We found that developed and some developing countries are involved with ambitious and costly plans for remediation, the modernization of regulations, collecting and purification systems, and beneficial waste management using a modern approach. We also found that the activated sludge process is the leading technology for wastewater purification, and anaerobic digestion is the leading technology for downstream waste. However, biological technologies appear inadequate and hydrothermal carbonization, already applicable at full scale, is the best candidate for playing a significant role in managing municipal sewage sludge produced by big towns and small villages.

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Hunter, J., and D. Rendall. "Water quality in the Inverness and Beauly Firths." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. Section B. Biological Sciences 91 (1986): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269727000009398.

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SynopsisThe Highland River Purification Board is carrying out a detailed study of the effect of Inverness sewage on the Beauly and Inverness Firths to ascertain the present degree of pollution and the best location for a new outfall. The survey comprises hydrographic work to identify the main currents in the Longman area, analysis of water and sewage quality and surveys of the littoral and sub-littoral fauna.

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Tian, Xiao Yan, Zhi Ming Zhou, Chang Bing Ye, and Dong Liang Dai. "Study on Combined Soil Purification Tank System Reactor in Treatment of Domestic Sewage." Advanced Materials Research 815 (October 2013): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.815.389.

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To solve the problems of dead angle and low dissolved oxygen of current soil purification tank system, the combined soil purification tank system reactor was designed to treat domestic sewage by our research group. The results of 10 months indicated that the optimal hydraulic retention time (HRT) were 2.5d; the influent COD concentration fluctuating at 130~350mg/L; the optimal aeration opposition were in the front and the rear end with using the intermittent aeration mode; Under these conditions as above, the COD, NH4+-N, TN and TP average removal rates were 88.8%(S=1.51%), 91.2%(S=1.30%), 89.6%(S=2.15%) and 92.4%(S=2.79%) at (23±2) °C, respectively. Based on the results of trial, the mechanisms of the combined soil purification tank system reactor with higher efficacy in treatment of low concentration sewage are owed to the structure of the waveform and slope, high efficient wetland plants and soil microorganisms of degradation performance and soil matrix of adsorption.

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NOSOVA, Yelizaveta G., and Svetlana Yu TEPLYKH. "EDUCATION IN THE SEWAGE TANNING SHEEPSKIN INTERMEDIATE GOODS AND TECHNOLOGY OF ITS PURIFICATION." Urban construction and architecture 3, no. 4S (December 15, 2013): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2013.s4.16.

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Nowadays an actual problem is the environmental protection from pollution, in particular water sources. In this regard the great importance is got by sewage treatment. The object of research is sewage of fur association of Melita. The existing scheme of cleaning of a production drain is considered.

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Rahman, Shafeeq, and P. K. Praseetha. "Analysis of Water Purification Efficiency of Graphene Sand Nanocomposite." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 24 (June 2016): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.24.17.

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Graphene oxides are known for their affinity towards ionic components. Hence this property could be utilized to remove the impurities present in water molecules. Moreover, Graphene oxides are popular for their antimicrobial and disinfective properties. Graphene nanocomposite was prepared with reduced sugar and sand mixture at nitrogen atmospheres at 200o C and was characterized using XRD, SEM-EDAX, UV- Visible spectroscopy and Raman’s spectroscopic techniques. Two different water mixtures were used for the purification purpose- ie., sewage and soft drink concentrate (Coca Cola). Graphene Sand Composite (GSC) was loaded for purification at different weight percentage compositions such as 1%, 3% and 5%. Water mixtures were analyzed for their chemical and physical properties before and after treatment with graphene nanocomposite. The microbiological load before and after treatment with the composite was also analyzed. All the characterization shows the presence of graphene functionalities, carbon functionalities, and other elements present in the GSC. The physical, chemical and microbial examination of purified coca cola and sewage water matches the features of pure water with less impurities and absence of pathogen. The current study reveals the importance of water purification application using GSC and the measurement of water purification efficiency with conventional techniques.

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Satoh, Hiroyasu. "Effects of intermittent contact oxidation on microbial population in in-sewer purification." Impact 2020, no. 3 (May 13, 2020): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.3.60.

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There are multiple branches and approaches necessary to maintaining a healthy population. The provision of medical care, preventative measures and a reliable supply of nutritious food are all important. Also important is public sanitation and the effective cleaning, removal and purification of waste from human habitation. In particular, creating effective water recycling schemes is essential to reducing the spread of the disease and providing a stable supply of potable water. This process is also important in the context of keeping the environment clean. When sewage waste is dumped directly into rivers or seas, the results can be catastrophic for local ecosystem. In developed countries, cleaning water is a costly process both in terms of money and energy. Sewage is typically directed to treatment centres that take the dirty water through several cleaning and purification processes. This generally works effectively, however the process could be further refined. The sewage systems of developing countries, where they exist, are typically used to transport waste directly into rivers and oceans. Understandably, these countries may not be able to build complex and intensive treatment centres, however low-cost efficient technology could help bridge the gap and create a cleaner environment. There have been multiple attempts to create new sewage sanitation systems in the past. However, many often prove too complex to install in systems that are already set up and have fallen by the wayside. Professor Hiroyasu Satoh of the Department of Socio-cultural Environmental Studies at The University of Tokyo, his team and several industrial collaborators have been working on designing, testing and implementing a novel in-sewer purification system.

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Dvoinikova, A. V., and M. N. Turnova. "A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF RECYCLING SEWAGE TREATMENT OF SHIFT CAMP AS A RESULT OF A COMBINATION OF MAGNETIC ANDPHYSICAL TREATMENT WITHOUT USAGE OF ACTIVE CHLORINE." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 121–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2018-1-121-123.

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Kfir, R., C. Hilner, M. du Preez, and B. Bateman. "Studies on the prevalence of giardia cysts and cryptosporidium oocysts in South African water." Water Science and Technology 31, no. 5-6 (March 1, 1995): 435–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1995.0654.

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The levels of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts in 650 environmental water samples were investigated. Cysts and oocysts were found in all types of water tested. The presence of Giardia cysts exceeded Cryptosporidium oocysts both in the number per sample and the number of positive samples. Almost 50% of sewage samples studied contained Giardia cysts and 30% contained both Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts. Treatment of sewage resulted in a reduction in the percentage of samples containing cysts and/or oocysts (30% of treated effluent samples were positive for Giardia and 25% had both cysts and oocysts). Higher numbers of Giardia cysts were found in surface water samples than in either sewage or treated effluents (55% of surface water samples were positive). However, the number of cysts isolated per surface water sample was lower on average. Most water purification plants showed effective removal of cysts and oocysts. However, 13% of potable water samples contained protozoan parasites, indicating occasional failure of the purification processes and the need for monitoring final treated water.

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Filippidis, A., G. Papastergios, N. Apostolidis, S. Filippidis, I. Paragios, and C. Sikalidis. "PURIFICATION OF URBAN WASTEWATERS BY HELLENIC NATURAL ZEOLITE." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece 43, no. 5 (July 31, 2017): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/bgsg.11667.

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Treatment of urban wastewaters (pHinitial 8.2), with 6 g of Hellenic Natural Zeolite (HENAZE) of an grain-size < 1.5 mm, gave overflowed clear water of pH 7.5, free of odors and improved quality parameters by 87% for the suspended particles, 88% for the color, 91% for the P2O5 content, 93% for the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 97% for the NH4 content. Compared to previous experiment, the decrease of the amount of HENAZE by 1.5 g (20%) resulted to the purification worsening only by 1-2%. The HENAZE comes from Ntrista stream of Petrota village of Trigono Municipality of Evros Prefecture, Northeastern Greece. HENAZE contains 89 wt.% HEU-type zeolite and exhibit an ammonia ion exchange capacity (sorption ability) of 226 meq/100g. The mineralogical composition and the unique physico-chemical properties, make the HENAZE suitable material for numerous environmental, industrial, agricultural and aquacultural applications, such as: Animal nutrition, soil amendment for agriculture, pH soil regulation, greenhouse and flowers substrates, durability and health improvement of lawn, purification of industrial and urban wastewaters, treatment of sewage sludge, odor control, fishery and fish breeding, gas purification and drying systems, oxygen enrichment of aquatic ecosystems, improvement of drinking water quality, constructed wetlands and wastewater treatment units. The treatment gave as precipitate an odorless and cohesive zeo-sewage sludge, suitable for safe deposition and also for the reclamation of agricultural soils. The zeo-sewage sludge, produced either from the urban wastewater treatment or from the mixing of HENAZE and sewage sludge, can be used for the reclamation of agricultural soils. The presence of HENAZE in the agricultural soils, increases the crops yield by 29 57% and improves the quality of agricultural products by 4-46%, reduces the use of fertilizers by 55-100%, reduces the usage of irrigation water by 33-67%, prevents the seepage of dangerous species into the water environment (e.g., NO3 - by 55-57%), protecting thus the quality of surface and underground waters. The usage of HENAZE in vivarium units and in the animal nutrition, increases the production and improves the quality of the relevant products.

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Krupskaya, Ludmila, and Valentina Pavlovna Zvereva. "Improvement of Technological Process of Sewage Purification with Use of Hydrophytes in Gold Mining Industry in Priamurye." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 1496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.1496.

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The paper presents the results of the long-standing investigations of the problem of the industrial sewage purification in the process of gold mining and improvement of the technological procedure with the use of the higher water vegetation (hydrophytes) in Priamurye. The extent of their purification with biological method turned to be significantly higher than with the chemical method used at present at the study mining enterprise.

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Khamitova, Korlan, Daniar V. Ismailov, Marzhan Sultangazina, and Rakhima Kanat. "Sorption Extraction of Heavy Metal Ions from Industrial Sewage." Key Engineering Materials 769 (April 2018): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.769.187.

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Contaminated water purification from products of anthropogenesis activity remains one of the main problems that chemists and ecologists are facing nowadays. The main mass of pollutants in the form of toxic compounds of heavy metals is made by insufficiently purified and untreated sewage from the mining and machine-building industries. Industrial sewage treatment has become one of the most common technological processes, thus the issues of its improvement and optimization are especially relevant.

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Lian, Weijie, Lan Ma, Bo Chen, Yuxin Zhai, and Yibo Wen. "Preparation Method of Iron Oxyhydroxide Nanosheets for Treating Organic Dyes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2152, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2152/1/012043.

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Abstract Considering the promoted purification requirement for industry sewage, the discharge of azo dye wastewater will have a serious impact on the environment, iron oxyhydroxide nanosheets were designed and prepared, and the purification effects and application conditions were investigated in this work. We have used its structural advantages to perform adsorption tests on Congo red (CR). It found that it has very excellent properties. It has strong adsorption capacity for Congo red under the condition of low dosage and no adjustment of PH. By employing iron oxyhydroxide nanosheets with optimized molar ratio of reducing agent to Fe, it was found that the adsorption efficiency increase in the removal percentage for CR from industry sewage could be achieved at the large specific surface area and pore volume of B-Fe Nanosheets.

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Naz, Safina, Muhammad Akbar Anjum, Bushra Sadiq, Riaz Ahmad, Muhammad Ahsan Altaf, Mohamed A. El-Sheikh, and Awais Shakoor. "Purification of Sewage Wastewater though Sand Column Filter for Lessening of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Lettuce, Carrot, and Cauliflower." Water 14, no. 22 (November 20, 2022): 3770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14223770.

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Sewage wastewater is one of the richest sources of mineral nutrients contributing toward plant growth and yield. However, the accumulation of heavy metals in the edible parts of vegetables and fruits can be dangerous to life. The current research aimed to evaluate the performance of a sand column filter for the elimination of heavy metals from sewage wastewater applied to selected vegetables. The contents of heavy metals, i.e., Pb+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, and Fe+2, were estimated to be higher in untreated sewage wastewater than in treated water. The number of leaves, fresh and dry weights of leaves, roots, and total biomass of lettuce, carrot, and cauliflower were improved due to the irrigation of unfiltered sewage wastewater compared to sewage wastewater. The curd diameter, fresh and dry weights of curd, stem fresh weight of cauliflower, and the root length and diameter of carrot increased after irrigation with the unfiltered sewage wastewater in comparison to the treated sewage wastewater. The accumulation of heavy metals, i.e., Pb+2, Ni+2, Cu+2, and Fe+2, was higher in the roots, leaves, and edible parts of the selected vegetables. In the present study, the Cd+2 and Cr+2 concentrations were not affected by the filtration process through a sand column filter. Conclusively, filtration through a sand column filter is effective for the removal of heavy metals from sewage wastewater used to irrigate agricultural land.

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Y. Al-Saffawi, Abdul-Aziz, and Reem A. Talaat. "Sewage Water Purification Through Direct Exposure to Solar Radiation." Rafidain Journal of Science 27, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2018.141073.

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WATANABE, Seiji, Tetsuya NARISAWA, and Junichi MORISITA. "607 Purification and Deodorization of Sewage by Carbon Fiber." Proceedings of Conference of Hokkaido Branch 2008.47 (2008): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmehokkaido.2008.47.153.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Sewage purification'

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