Relevant bibliographies by topics / Severe spinal cord injury

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Severe spinal cord injury'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Severe spinal cord injury"

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Saadoun, Samira, and Marios C. Papadopoulos. "Acute, Severe Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury." Neurosurgery Clinics of North America 32, no. 3 (July 2021): 365–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nec.2021.03.008.

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Ebrahim, Abul Fadl Mohsin. "Severe Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Study." Maghreb Review 34, no. 1 (2009): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tmr.2009.0023.

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Coen, S. Diane. "Spinal Cord Injury: Preventing Secondary Injury." AACN Advanced Critical Care 3, no. 1 (February 1, 1992): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/15597768-1992-1005.

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Spinal cord injury is devastating to the victim, as well as being costly in terms of medical expenses, lost wages, and lost independence. The initial damage to the spinal cord results from several mechanisms of injury—flexion, extension, compression, penetration, rotation, and the disease process. When the spinal cord is injured and there is necrosis of the nervous tissue, no regeneration of that tissue occurs. Unlike in the peripheral nervous system, where regeneration is possible, the spinal cord is part of the central nervous system, as is the brain. The spinal cord extends from the base of the skull to the L1 vertebrae: the cervical levels innervate the diaphragm and muscles of the arms; the thoracic levels innervate the muscles of the chest and abdomen; and the lumbar and sacral levels innervate the muscles of the legs. In addition, the sacral levels are responsible for bowel, bladder, and sexual function. The higher the level of injury, the more severe the loss of function because, not only is the level of injury affected, but also the levels below. Injury occurs by initial trauma to the surrounding ligaments, bones, and muscles, which then affect the spinal cord. There may be total loss of function with damage completely across the cord or partial loss of function with damage affecting only part of the cord. No current treatment can reverse this initial injury, which causes irreversible damage within minutes of injury. Secondary damage occurs as the injury spreads over several hours. Treatment can help prevent this secondary damage
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Hamilton, Mark G., and S. Terence Myles. "Pediatric spinal injury: review of 61 deaths." Journal of Neurosurgery 77, no. 5 (November 1992): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1992.77.5.0705.

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✓ Injury to the spinal column and spinal cord occurs relatively infrequently in the pediatric population. The authors present a unique review of 61 pediatric deaths associated with spinal injury. This group represented 28% of the total pediatric spine-injured population and 45% of the total pediatric spinal cord-injured group studied. The ratio of pediatric to adult spinal injury mortality was 2.5:1. Of the 61 children, 54 (89%) died at the accident scene. Thirty patients underwent a complete autopsy, 19 of whom had an Abbreviated Injury Scale Grade 6 injury (maximum score, untreatable). Spinal cord injury was found to be the cause of death in only eight children and was associated with injury to the high cervical cord and cardiorespiratory arrest. These children typically sustained severe multiple trauma. In this population, there appears to be little room for improved outcome through changes in treatment strategy.
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Hogg, FRA, MJ Gallagher, S. Chen, A. Zoumprouli, S. Saadoun, and M. Papadopoulos. "P75 Factors that predict degree of spinal cord compression and optimal spinal cord perfusion pressure in patients with acute, severe traumatic spinal cord injuries." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 3 (February 14, 2019): e41.3-e42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn.134.

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ObjectivesTo identify factors which predict intra-spinal pressure (ISP) and optimal spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPPopt) in patients with acute, severe traumatic spinal cord injuries (TSCI) that could be used instead of invasive ISP monitoring.MethodsWe monitored ISP, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and computed spinal cord perfusion pressure (SCPP), spinal pressure reactivity index (sPRx) and SCPPopt in 64 TSCI patients, AIS grades A–C who were part of the Injured Spinal Cord Pressure Evaluation (ISCoPE) study. We recorded baseline, injury/imaging and management variables which may influence ISP/SCPPopt. Statistical analysis was used to investigate differences in ISP/SCPPopt between the variablesResults51% (34/64) had U-shaped sPRx vs. SCPP curve in the first 24 hours after surgery. Mean SCPPopt was 74 mmHg (range 48–103). Lower mean 24 hour ISP was found with: older age, alcohol excess, non-conus medullaris injury, duroplasty and less surgical bleeding. Mean ISP on day 1 after surgery correlates with mean ISP over the first week. Lower 24 hour SCPPopt was associated with: higher mean ISP and conus medullaris injury. No MRI factors predicted ISP or SCPPopt.ConclusionsSeveral factors predict ISP. Modifiable factors to reduce ISP are less surgical bleeding and expansion duroplasty. No variables predict SCPPopt. ISP monitoring remains the only way to estimate SCPPopt to help prevent secondary damage and we continue to support use of ISP monitoring to individualise management in acute, severe TSCI.
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Duerstock, Bradley S., and Richard B. Borgens. "Three-dimensional morphometry of spinal cord injury following polyethylene glycol treatment." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 13–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.1.13.

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SUMMARY We are developing a novel means of restoring function after severe acute spinal cord injury. This involves a brief application of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the site of injury. In the companion paper, we have shown that a delayed application of PEG can produce strikingly significant physiological and behavioral recovery in 90–100 % of spinal-cord-injured guinea pigs. In the present paper, we used three-dimensional computer reconstructions of PEG-treated and sham-treated spinal cords to determine whether the pathological character of a 1-month-old injury is ameliorated by application of PEG. Using a novel isocontouring algorithm, we show that immediate PEG treatment and treatment delayed by up to 7 h post-injury statistically increased the volume of intact spinal parenchyma and reduced the amount of cystic cavitation. Furthermore, in PEG-treated animals, the lesion was more focal and less diffuse throughout the damaged segment of the spinal cord, so that control cords showed a significantly extended lesion surface area. This three-dimensional computer evaluation showed that the functional recovery produced by topical application of a hydrophilic polymer is accompanied by a reduction in spinal cord damage.
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Hoskote, Aparna. "Severe traumatic brain injury and spinal cord injury in children." Hospital Medicine 65, no. 8 (August 2004): 489–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hosp.2004.65.8.15496.

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Sica, Domenic A., and R. Michael Culpepper. "Case Report: Severe Hyponatremia in Spinal Cord Injury." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 298, no. 5 (November 1989): 331–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000441-198911000-00011.

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OKADA, Keiichi, Kimio ONODA, Yasuhiro KAWASHIMA, and Atsushi MUTO. "PULMONARY FUNCTION OF SEVERE CERVICAL SPINAL CORD INJURY." KITAKANTO Medical Journal 37, no. 2 (1987): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2974/kmj1951.37.219.

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Dietrich, W. Dalton. "Therapeutic hypothermia for acute severe spinal cord injury." Critical Care Medicine 40, no. 2 (February 2012): 691–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ccm.0b013e318236eacb.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Severe spinal cord injury"

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Leeds, Marilyn June. "You're pretending, you don't need a wheelchair' - children and adolescents with spinal cord injury." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/803.

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This thesis examines the requirements of children and adolescents with severe spinal cord injuries. The requirements are expressed by the parents of the children and by adolescents and are in contrast to official views of their 'needs'. There is no literature on the needs of these children and adolescents. The thesis thus begins with a examination of the literature on the needs of people with disabilities and people with spinal cord injury. Proponents of the social model of disability, which is based on the experiences of people with disabilities, contend that the main requirements of people with disabilities is ending their social marginalisation, and it is hypothesised that the requirements of the children and adolescents will be related to ending social marginalisation. Open-ended unstructured interviews with parents, parents and adolescents and adolescents alone ( a total of 20 interviews) provided data for analysis. Analysis of the data shows that the requirements of the children and adolescents, like adults with spinal cord injuries, differ from those of people with disabilities in that there are important concerns in addition to marginalisation.
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Leeds, Marilyn June. "You're pretending, you don't need a wheelchair' - children and adolescents with spinal cord injury." University of Sydney. Social Work, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/803.

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This thesis examines the requirements of children and adolescents with severe spinal cord injuries. The requirements are expressed by the parents of the children and by adolescents and are in contrast to official views of their 'needs'. There is no literature on the needs of these children and adolescents. The thesis thus begins with a examination of the literature on the needs of people with disabilities and people with spinal cord injury. Proponents of the social model of disability, which is based on the experiences of people with disabilities, contend that the main requirements of people with disabilities is ending their social marginalisation, and it is hypothesised that the requirements of the children and adolescents will be related to ending social marginalisation. Open-ended unstructured interviews with parents, parents and adolescents and adolescents alone ( a total of 20 interviews) provided data for analysis. Analysis of the data shows that the requirements of the children and adolescents, like adults with spinal cord injuries, differ from those of people with disabilities in that there are important concerns in addition to marginalisation.
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Al'joboori, Yazi Dhahia. "Maximising recovery of function after severe spinal cord injury by combining electrical epidural stimulation, locomotor training and intraspinal lentiviral-mediated chondroitinase-ABC delivery." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/16263/.

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Electrical epidural stimulation (ES) of the lumbar spinal cord (L2 to S1) has previously been shown to improve locomotor function in complete transection models of rat spinal cord injury (SCI) (Ichiyama et al., 2005), and is facilitated by pharmacological treatment and daily bipedal locomotor training (TR) (Ichiyama et al., 2008b; Ichiyama et al., 2008a; Van den Brand et al., 2012). Whilst, bipedal treadmill stepping is improved, this functional recovery does not translate into un-assisted overground stepping. We have also recently demonstrated that exercise up-regulates inhibitory chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) in the lumbar spinal cord in intact animals (Smith et al., 2015). This is potentially restricting synaptic plasticity and therefore further functional recover. Previous evidence has demonstrated functional improvements when combining rehabilitation of forelimb function and application of Chondroitinase-ABC (ChABC) following SCI (Garcia-Alias et al., 2009; Wang et al., 2011a). The premise for this thesis therefore, is that addition of lentiviral Chondroitinase (LV-ChABC) locally after injury would greatly enhance synaptic plasticity; thus, enabling ES and TR to drive functional recovery. Adult Sprague-Dawley rats received a severe spinal contusion injury (T9/10), epidural implantation at segmental levels L2 and S1 and intra-spinal injections of LV-ChABC or saline (control) ~1mm above and below the level of the lesion. Rats were then randomly assigned to one of four groups: cage control, training only, ES only (40 Hz; L2) or Combination (ES+TR). Rats in trained groups stepped bipedal-to-quadrupedally on a body weight supported treadmill (5-16 cm/s) (5 days/week, 20 mins/day) for 8 weeks. By the end of the 8-week period rats in the Saline-Combination group showed improvements not only in supported treadmill stepping ability but also in open field locomotion (BBB), with combination Saline/LV-ChABC treated animals achieving the highest overall increase in mean BBB score compared to Saline/LV-ChABC controls. Furthermore, kinematics analysis also revealed differences in stepping characteristics and pattern following 8 weeks of training. We did not observe any electromyography (EMG) responses in hindlimb muscles following cortical stimulation in any animal from any group, and no increased sensitivity to mechanical pain stimulation. Therefore, our results suggest that a combination of step training and epidural stimulation in an incomplete model of SCI successfully improved locomotor function further than either therapy administered alone. Combination treatment animals not only improved in treadmill step performance but were also able to transfer this skill to an open field task without the presence of stimulation. Interestingly, addition of LV ChABC produced differences in both kinematic profiles and withdrawal responses to mechanical paw pressure. These promising results indicate that the combination of ES, locomotor training and LV-ChABC is a viable treatment for functional recovery after severe SCI.
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Dorsett, Patricia Ann. "Spinal cord injury." Access full text, 2001. http://www.health.qld.gov.au/qscis/PDF/QSCIS_Information/Spinal_Cord_Injury_How_Do_People_Cope.pdf.

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Augutis, Marika. "Pediatric spinal cord injury /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-129-6/.

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Norrbrink, Budh Cecilia. "Pain following spinal cord injury /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-995-1/.

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Altas, Melanie. "Spinal cord transplants in a rat model of spinal cord injury." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0021/MQ49305.pdf.

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Surey, Sarina. "Understanding the molecular mechanisms of spinal cord cavitation after spinal cord injury." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5721/.

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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurodegenerative disease with research centered on axon regeneration and preservation to cure paralysis. Mice and rats are widely studied and experienced models used to imitate SCI due to differences in vascular disruption, blood vessel loss and cavitation at SCI epicenters. This study investigates sub-acute SCI responses, documenting angiogenic/inflammatory factors and matrix deposition in both species. Although cavitation was absent in mice, the lesion site in rats was larger at 8 and 15 days post lesion (dpl). Absence of cavitation in mice correlated with increased levels of pro-angiogenic/wound healing factors within the wound compared to rats at 8 dpl, coinciding with microarray analysis along with increased axonal sparing at T7 and T9 spinal segments. Despite similar deficits in thermal sensitivity 2 hours after injury, by 7 days the responses were comparable to controls in both species. Furthermore, inducing inflammation directly after injury using zymosan resulted in inflammatory-induced angiogenic responses between both species at 8 dpl, contributing to tissue damage and micro-cavities in the CNS. In conclusion angiogenic responses in mice attenuates wound cavitation, reducing secondary axon damage and thus induces axon sprouting/regeneration. These results suggest potential therapeutic utility of manipulating angiogenic/inflammatory responses after human SCI.
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Boulton, Holly. "Chronic Pain after Spinal Cord Injury." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.484857.

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Chronic pain is a common and problematic issue for many individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI; Kennedy, Lude, & Taylor, 2006). Whilst understanding of chronic pain in the general population is increasing, understanding of such pain after SCI remains limited. The literature review explores the issue ofchronic pain after SCI and considers how two dominant models of pain may be applied to chronic pain after SCI. Three pertinent psychological issues are discussed that may play an important role in the maintenance and exacerbation of chronic pain in individuals with SCI; attention, depression, and PTSD. The review stresses that further research into these factors is vital in order to further understanding ofchronic pain in individuals with SCI. The empirical paper focuses of one of the main psychological factors highlighted in the literature review: attentional bias. The study explores whether individuals with SCI and chronic pain possess an attentional bias for pain-related words. Three groups were recruited: chronic pain and SCI (n =14), SCI (n = 15), and healthy controls (n = 15). All participants completed a dot probe computer task that presented pain-related words, pertaining to sensory and affective characteristics ofchronic pain, and neutral words. Words were presented at two exposure durations, 500ms and 1250 ms. Results showed that individuals with chronic pain and SCI possessed an overall attentional bias towards pain related information, in comparison with the other two groups. This difference in attentional bias between the groups was not significantly affected by exposure duration (500ms vs. 1250 ms) or type ofpain words (affective vs. sensory pain words). The general theoretical and clinical implications are discussed, and some suggestions are made for future research
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Hunter, Susan M. "Living with traumatic spinal cord injury /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2007. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3276966.

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Books on the topic "Severe spinal cord injury"

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United States. Congress. House. A bill to amend title II of the Social Security Act to provide for treatment of severe spinal cord injury equivalent to the treatment of blindness in determining whether earnings derived from services demonstrate an ability to engage in substantial gainful activity. Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 1999.

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Bryce, Thomas N. Spinal cord injury. New York: Demos Medical, 2010.

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Richard, Levi, ed. Spinal cord injury. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

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E, Selzer Michael, ed. Spinal cord injury. New York, N.Y: Demos Logo, 2008.

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N, Bryce Thomas, ed. Spinal cord injury. New York: Demos, 2010.

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Spinal injury. 2nd ed. East Norwalk, Conn: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1986.

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Hammell, Karen Whalley. Spinal cord injury rehabilitation. London: Chapman & Hall, 1995.

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Galeoto, Giovanni, Anna Berardi, Marco Tofani, and Maria Auxiliadora Marquez, eds. Measuring Spinal Cord Injury. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68382-5.

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Hammell, Karen Whalley. Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4451-1.

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C, Field-Fote Edelle, ed. Spinal cord injury rehabilitation. Philadelphia, PA: F. A. Davis, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Severe spinal cord injury"

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Agrawal, Deepak. "Severe Head and Spinal Cord Injury." In ICU Protocols, 521–26. India: Springer India, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-0535-7_65.

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Prigatano, G. P. "Impaired self-awareness after moderately severe to severe traumatic brain injury." In Re-Engineering of the Damaged Brain and Spinal Cord, 39–42. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-211-27577-0_5.

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Haji, Shamir, and Geoffrey S. F. Ling. "Therapeutic Hypothermia for Traumatic Brain Injury and Spinal Cord Injury." In Neurotrauma Management for the Severely Injured Polytrauma Patient, 247–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40208-6_25.

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Laun, A., A. L. Agnoli, and A. Halbsguth. "MRT/CT Correlations in Patients Years After Severe Head Injury Combined with Mid-Brain Syndrome." In Imaging of Brain Metabolism Spine and Cord Interventional Neuroradiology Free Communications, 577–79. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74337-5_166.

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Krieg, Sandro M. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Spine Surgery, 243–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98875-7_31.

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Elgafy, Hossein, and Nathaniel Lempert. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Orthopedic Surgery Clerkship, 465–69. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52567-9_100.

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Shah, Rajiv R., and Samuel A. Tisherman. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Imaging the ICU Patient, 377–80. London: Springer London, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-781-5_41.

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Richardson, Elizabeth J., J. Scott Richards, and Bret A. Boyer. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Comprehensive Handbook of Clinical Health Psychology, 229–50. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118269657.ch10.

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Verma, Poonam, and James W. Fawcett. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Neuroprotection, 129–49. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527603867.ch7.

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Rohe, Daniel E. "Spinal Cord Injury." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 3262–66. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57111-9_281.

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Conference papers on the topic "Severe spinal cord injury"

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Ihsan, Izzat Aqmar, Razali Tomari, Wan Nurshazwani Wan Zakaria, and Nurmiza Othman. "Alternative input medium development for wheelchair user with severe spinal cord injury." In ADVANCES IN ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING: FROM THEORY TO APPLICATIONS: Proceedings of the International Conference on Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IC3E 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5002050.

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Motahar, Tamanna, Isha Ghosh, and Jason Wiese. "Identifying factors that inhibit self-care behavior among individuals with severe spinal cord injury." In CHI '22: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517658.

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Masayoshi Yoshida, Yoshinori Murayama, Akiko Chishaki, and Kenji Sunagawa. "Noninvasive transcutaneous bionic baroreflex system prevents severe orthostatic hypotension in patients with spinal cord injury." In 2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2008.4649578.

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Strausser, Katherine A., Timothy A. Swift, Adam B. Zoss, H. Kazerooni, and Bradford C. Bennett. "Mobile Exoskeleton for Spinal Cord Injury: Development and Testing." In ASME 2011 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference and Bath/ASME Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2011-6042.

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For those who have lost the ability to walk due to paralysis or other injuries, eLEGS, a mobile robotic exoskeleton, offers the chance to walk again. The device is a mobile exoskeleton with actuated sagittal plane hip and knee joints which supports the user and moves their legs through a natural gait. The device uses a multi-leveled controller that consists of a state machine to determine the user’s intended motion, a trajectory generator to establish desired joint behavior, and a low level controller to calculate individual joint controller output. The system can be controlled by a physical therapist or can be controlled by the user. Subject testing results are presented from a seven subject pilot study including patients with complete and incomplete injuries. The testing resulted in six of the seven subjects walking unassisted using forearm crutches after a single two hour testing session.
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Green, D., T. Cohn, P. Filbrandt, V. Ito, M. Y. Lee, J. Press, and W. C. Vandenberg. "THROMBOEMBOLISM PROPHYLAXIS IN SPINAL CORD INJURY: FIXED VS ADJUSTED DOSE HEPARIN." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643596.

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We had previously estimated the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in untreated spinal cord injury patients with complete motor paralysis to be 78% (Paraplegia 20:227, 1982). Therefore, we have begun to randomize patients to receive prophylaxis with either fixed dose heparin (5,000 u every 12 h subcutaneously) or adjusted dose heparin (mean dose, 13,890 u every 12 h). Treatment is started within 72 hrs of injury, and continued for 12 weeks. Nineteen subjects have received the fixed dose for 155 weeks, and 21 the adjusted dose for 153 weeks (p = N.S.). Patients have had daily clinical examinations for thromboembolism/bleeding, and weekly doppler flow and impedance plethysmography studies. All suspected DVTs have been confirmed by venography. The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) with the fixed dose has average 26 ± 1.5s (S.D.) and with the adjusted dose, 39.6 ± 7.6s (p < 0.001). There have been 2 episodes of pulmonary embolism and 2 DVTs in the fixed dose group and 1 DVT in an adjusted dose patient whose aPTT never rose above 26s. The thromboses were noted after 2, 3, 3, 4, and 6 weeks of prophylaxis. Bleeding occurred in 2 patients on the adjusted dose regimen and required withdrawal of the heparin; no subject on the fixed dose bled. Our preliminary conclusion is that heparin prophylaxis significantly reduced the frequency of thromboembolism in spinal cord injury patients. While fewer and less severe thrombotic events have occurred in those receiving adjusted doses, the decrease has not yet reached statistical significance (x2 = 1.16). Furthermore, there appears to be a small, but definite risk of bleeding on this regimen. Thus, additional patients are being studied to determine the optimum use of heparin in this population.
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Ramos, Gabriel Bortoli, Rebecca Ranzani Martins, Júlia Carvalhinho Carlos de Souza, Cesar Castello Branco Lopes, and Guilherme Diogo Silva. "Spinal cord lesion and ischemic stroke after chiropractic: a case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.337.

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Context: Chiropractic is a form of spinal manipulation used to treat cervical pain. This therapy is considered safer than chronic use of anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids or spine surgery. However, chiropractic may cause severe complications such as myelopathy and ischemic stroke. Case report: A 48-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital due to acute tetraparesis. During a chiropractic session for chronic neck pain, patient referred lancinating cervical pain, weakness in the upper and lower limbs, and numbness below the level of the neck. Neurologic examination showed grade two tetraparesis with preserved arm abduction. Pain and vibratory sensation were reduced in trunk, upper and lower limbs. We considered a C5 level spinal cord injury. Cervical spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed a transdiscal fracture of C5-C6 vertebrae. The fracture led to an epidural hematoma and spinal cord compression. Cervical spine displayed ligamenta flava thickening, which may be associated with an undiagnosed ankylosing spondylitis. We also found bilateral vertebral occlusion of V1 and V2 segments. Cerebellar restricted diffusion suggested posterior circulation stroke. We believe that rigidity associated with ankylosing spondylitis favored spinal fracture during chiropractic. Patient was treated with 24mg/day of dexamethasone and 100mg/day of aspirin. Spinal cord decompression surgery was indicated. Unfortunately, in the last followup there was no improvement in patient motor status. Conclusions: Transdiscal C5-C6 fracture led to compressive myelopathy and cerebellar stroke. Safety of chiropractic should be better investigated in specific populations such as ankylosing spondylitis patients.
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Scifert, J., K. Totoribe, V. Goel, C. Clark, J. Reinhardt, and L. Bolinger. "Spinal Cord Stress and Strain Predictions in a Ligamentous C5-C6 Segment." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2569.

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Abstract Several spinal disorders and traumatic loading situations are known to inflict damage to neurovascular components of the cervical spinal cord. Studies have shown that damage to the spinal cord can occur regardless of significant damage to surrounding structures. To understand the mechanics of spinal cord injury, one needs to quantify stresses and strains within the spinal cord and its components in response to exterrnal loads applied to the bony spine. Experimental studies can not address this issue. This study presents a Finite Element (FE) model to quantify the physiologic strains and stresses in the cervical spinal cord placed in the ligamentous C5-C6 motion segment, with loads applied to the bony segment and not the the cord itself, as have been done in experimental studies reported in the literature.
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Myers, Michael, Zak Evans, Orlando Cintron, Raleigh Cornwell, Timothy Perkins, Chris Cosman, Don Bloswick, and Andrew Merryweather. "E-Tetra Kayak: Adaptive Sport Kayak for Recreational Therapy for Persons With Spinal Cord Injuries." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14831.

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A person with tetraplegia has lost the ability to willfully control his/her arms and legs, usually due to a severe spinal cord injury. Existing technologies using head motion or puffs of breath to control device movement promise increased mobility and the possibility of expanding recreational activities in a variety of forms to this population. Lack of access to rehabilitative services and engaging recreational activity fosters inactivity. This often creates an environment that causes individuals with physical disabilities to experience reduced function and mobility beyond the cause of their disability, and further disengages them from society 1. Adaptive sports are increasing in popularity and provide many benefits to participants.
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Kamper, Derek G., Mohamad Parnianpour, Kamran Barin, and Herman R. Weed. "Implementation of Optimal Feedback Control to Model the Seated Postural Stability of Healthy and Spinal Cord-Injured Subjects." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0320.

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Abstract Postural control may be severely compromised in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Disturbance moments such as the ones experienced during normal driving may overwhelm the compensatory mechanisms in this population. Possible instability raises concerns about both comfort and, especially, safety for both passengers and drivers [1,2]. The goal of this research was to generate a computer model which could be used to investigate the effects of sustained disturbances on seated balance.
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Farhat Ullah, Yusra, and William K. Durfee. "Identification of Low Torque Step Sizes for the Design of a Single-Channel Muscle-Powered Hybrid Orthosis for People With Spinal Cord Injury." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9092.

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Abstract In paraplegia due to complete or incomplete spinal cord injury, the connection from the brain to muscles in the lower limbs is severed but the muscles that act on signals from the brain to produce limb movement remain functional. Functional electrical stimulation (FES), which is the application of electric potential across a muscle group to artificially cause the muscle to contract, is a method that can be used alone or in conjunction with an orthosis to produce a gait cycle. Such FES based walking machines or devices have been studied and designed for several decades. However, their application in everyday exercise is limited by several factors, one of which is the rapid onset of muscle fatigue produced in the stimulated muscle. In this work, simulations were conducted in Simscape Multibody to lay the groundwork for the design of a next-generation FES based walking machine powered by the quadriceps femoris muscle group of each limb. The stimulation of the quadriceps femoris muscle causes the knee to extend while some energy is stored by the orthosis, which uses the stored energy to complete the gait cycle. In this study, we have analyzed the power requirements of each step in the hybrid FES-orthosis gait cycle for different stride lengths. These requirements can help identify small step sizes to reduce the power required from the stimulated muscle.
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Reports on the topic "Severe spinal cord injury"

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Yang, Xinwei, Huan Tu, and Xiali Xue. The improvement of the Lower Limb exoskeletons on the gait of patients with spinal cord injury: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.8.0095.

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Review question / Objective: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the efficacy of lower extremity exoskeletons in improving gait function in patients with spinal cord injury, compared with placebo or other treatments. Condition being studied: Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) is a severely disabling disease. In the process of SCI rehabilitation treatment, improving patients' walking ability, improving their self-care ability, and enhancing patients' self-esteem is an important aspect of their return to society, which can also reduce the cost of patients, so the rehabilitation of lower limbs is very important. The lower extremity exoskeleton robot is a bionic robot designed according to the principles of robotics, mechanism, bionics, control theory, communication technology, and information processing technology, which can be worn on the lower extremity of the human body and complete specific tasks under the user's control. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the lower extremity exoskeleton on the improvement of gait function in patients with spinal cord injury.
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Belegu, Visar. Advanced Restoration Therapies in Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada621845.

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Magnuson, David S. Directing Spinal Cord Plasticity: The Impact of Stretch Therapy on Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada613719.

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Magnuson, David S. Directing Spinal Cord Plasticity: The Impact of Stretch Therapy on Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada599251.

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Kwon, Brian K. Optimizing Hemodynamic Support of Acute Spinal Cord Injury Based on Injury Mechanism. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626087.

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Masri, Radi. Motor Cortex Stimulation Reverses Maladaptive Plasticity Following Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada568224.

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Wehrli, Felix W. Magnetic Resonance Characterization of Axonal Response to Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada569279.

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Hackney, David B. Magnetic Resonance Characterization of Axonal Response to Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada581417.

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Widerstrom-Noga, Eva G. Experiences of Living with Pain after a Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada594973.

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Masri, Radi. Motor Cortex Stimulation Reverses Maladaptive Plasticity Following Spinal Cord Injury. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada552892.

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