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Kumar, Sandeep, Chiranjib Banerjee, and Vineet Kumar Vishnoi. "Biological control of Fusarium-wilt and quality improvement of Sesamum indicum cv. ST-1 using fluorescent Pseudomonas." Environment Conservation Journal 24, no. 2 (May 10, 2023): 364–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.23732614.
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Seven plant growth-promoting bacterial strains (LES1-LES7) were isolated from rhizosphere of Lycoperscion esculentum Mill. (Tomato) and further screened based on colony morphology, carbon source utilization and biochemically characterized as fluorescent Pseudomonads. Among the isolates prominent strain identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa LES4 produced maximum siderophores in vitro besides indole acetic acid, hydrocyanic acid, solubilized insoluble inorganic phosphate and secreted β-1, 3-glucanase urease and chitin solubilizing enzymes chitinase. It also exhibited a strong antagonism against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. sesami when co-cultured on nutrient agar medium and inhibiting the growth of the pathogen by 69% after 5 days incubation at 28 ± 1°C. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L. cv. ST-1). When surface sterilized seeds bacterized with P. aeruginosa LES4 showed enhancement in seedling sprouting early vegetative growth, and increased seed yield components viz. biomass accumulation, and all other yield and quality improving components. Strain LES4 significantly reduced the wilt disease of sesame in F. oxysporum f.sp. sesami-infested soil. Moreover, Tn5 induced streptomycin resistant trans-conjugants of spontaneous tetracycline-resistant LES4 (designated LES4tetra+strep+) used to exhibit efficient rhizosphere colonization of sesame. Such properties of fluorescent P. aeruginosa LES4 prove it as a beneficial and potential microbial agent against wilt causing sesame.
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Ziedan, El-Sayed, Ibrahim Elewa, Mostafa Mostafa, and Ahmed Sahab. "Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame." Journal of Plant Protection Research 51, no. 4 (October 1, 2011): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10045-011-0058-0.
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Application of Mycorrhizae for Controlling Root Diseases of Sesame Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi (VAM) was evaluated as a biotic agent for controlling wilt and root-rot diseases of sesame caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami (Zap.) Cast and Macrophomina phaseolina (Moubl) Ashby pathogens can infect sesame plant at any growth stage causing considerable losses of seed yield. Spores of VA mycorrhizae fungi (Glomus spp.) were collected from the soil around the root systems of sesame plants then propagated on roots of Suddan grass (Sorghum vulgare var. sudanese). Under green house and field conditions, two hundreds sporocarps of Glomus spp. were added as a soil drench beside the sesame plant. Glomus spp. (VA mycorrhizae) significantly reduced wilt and root-rot incidence of sesame plants. Lums spp. (VA mycorrhizae) also significantly increased plant morphological characters such as plant height, number of branches and number of pods for each plant. Application of Glomus spp. to protect sesame plants by colonizing the root system, significantly reduced colonization of fungal pathogens in sesame rhizosphere as well as pathogenic activity of fungal pathogens increased lignin contents in the sesame root system were also observed. Furthermore, mycorrhizae treatment provided selective bacterial stimulation for colonization on sesame rhizosphere. These bacteria belonging the Bacillus group showed highly antagonistic potential to fungal pathogens. Application of mycorrhizae together with other biocontrol agent such as Trichoderma viride or Bacillus subtilis significantly effected than individual treatments for controlling these diseases incidences and increasing morphological characters and seed yield of sesame.
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Ribeiro, Rayanne Maria Paula, José Ricardo Tavares de Albuquerque, Manoel Galdino dos Santos, Aurélio Paes Barros Júnior, Leilson Costa Grangeiro, and Lindomar Maria da Silveira. "GROWTH DYNAMICS OF SESAME CULTIVARS." Revista Caatinga 31, no. 4 (December 2018): 1062–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n430rc.
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ABSTRACT Sesame is a plant with high morphological and physiological complexity, with great variability in growth habit. Quantitative growth analysis is an accessible and accurate tool for evaluating plant development and the contribution of different physiological processes to plant performance. In view of this, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the growth of sesame cultivars in two cropping seasons in the conditions of Mossoró-RN. Two experiments were conducted in Horta Didactics of UFERSA. The experimental delineation in each time was a randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in split plots where each experimental plot contained different sesame cultivars, CNPA G2, CNPA G3 and CNPA G4, and the subplots represented seven collection times, 21, 35, 49, 63, 77, 91 and 105 days after sowing (DAS). The growth of the sesame cultivars was slow at the beginning of the crop cycle, intensifying at the beginning of flowering (after 35 DAS). Among the physiological indexes studied, CNPA G4 cultivar was more efficient in relation to growth and varied depending on the cropping season.
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Oloniruha, J. A., S. K. Ogundare, and K. Olajide. "Growth and yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum) as influenced by plant population density and organo-mineral fertilizer rates." Agro-Science 20, no. 1 (March 24, 2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/as.v20i1.3.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil-seed crop cultivated for its high nutrition and edible seeds. However, its cultivation is affected by low soil fertility, wrong choice of plant population density and time of sowing. The experiment was carried out during the 2016 and 2017 cropping seasons at the Research Site of Agronomy Section, Kabba College of Agriculture, Kabba, Kogi State, Nigeria. The experiment evaluated the influence of plant population density and organo-mineral fertilizer rates on the performance of Sesame in Kabba, Kogi State, Nigeria. The experiment was a split plot design replicated thrice. The main plot treatment was three plant population density (P1 = 111,111; P2 = 83,333 and P3 = 66,667 plants ha–1) and the sub-plot treatment was four organo-mineral fertilizer rates (F0 = 0, F1 = 500, F2 = 1000, F3 = 1500 kg ha-1). Data were collected on growth, morphological characters (plant height, number of leaves, number of branches) and yield components (number of capsules plant–1, 1000 seed weight and yield ha–1). The result showed that the plant at P1 produced the tallest plants throughout the period of sampling, which was closely followed by P2 while P3 produced the shortest plants. Numbers of capsules plant–1 was highest in plots with P1 which was statistically the same with the number of capsules plant–1 in P2. Number of capsules plant–1 in P1 and P2 were statistically better than the plots with P3. Plots treated with rate F2 gave the highest number of capsules and also recorded the highest yield in 2016 and 2017 growth seasons. The results indicated that Sesame with closest spacing was better in terms of seed yield land–1 area while widest spacing gave the highest individual yield attributes. For economic use of land, it is concluded that plant population density at 111,111 be adopted in the production of Sesame. Best growth and yield performance of Sesame was achieved with 1500 kg ha-1 of organo-mineral fertilizer and is recommended for optimum production of Sesame in the study area.
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Jahan, Nushrat, ABM Shafiul Alam, Atiya Sharmin Mitu, Md Ahasan Habib, and Md Sefaur Rahman. "Effect of phosphorus on growth and yield of sesame." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 6, no. 2 (September 9, 2019): 245–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i2.43047.
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The present study was conducted at the Research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, during March to June 2014 to examine the effect of Phosphorus on the growth and yield of Sesame. BARI Til-3 variety was used for the study. This experiment was consisted of single factor eg. phosphorus. There were three levels of phosphorus viz. (i) P0 (0 % P), (ii) P1 (20 % P) and (iii) P2 (30 % P) and the experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six replications. Different levels of phosphorus showed significant effect on growth and yield of sesame. Individually phosphorus had significant effect on highest plant height, number of leaves plant-1, number of primary branches plant-1, number of secondary branches plant-1, number of capsule plant-1, number of seeds capsule-1, 1000 seed weight, seed yield and harvest index. The highest plant height of sesame (136.30 cm), the highest no leaves plant-1 of sesame (34.44), number of primary branches plant-1 (5.56), number of secondary branches plant-1 (7.61), number of capsule plant-1 (25.87), number of seed capsule-1 (70.47),1000 seed weight (3.54), Seed yield (1581.00 kg ha-1), Stover yield (3034.42 kg ha-1), biological yield (4615.76), harvest index (34.11%), oil content (43.92%) was recorded from P1. Again, the highest days to first flowering of sesame (31.67) was recorded from P1 (20 % P) but the highest days to maturity was (85.67) recorded from P2 (30% P). Application of P at different percentage is causing effect in growth and yield of sesame.
Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(2): 245-251, August 2019
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Zimbere, Ellen, Nester Mashingaidze, Simbarashe Muzemu, and Joyful Tatenda Rugare. "Growth and Tolerance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Varieties to Pre and Postemergence Graminicides." Advances in Agriculture 2022 (April 6, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7439281.
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The use of herbicides for weed control in arable crop production is known to be fast and effective. However, there is paucity of information on the safety of commonly used grass herbicides on emergence, growth, and productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes currently being grown in Zimbabwe. A study was carried out in Zimbabwe during the 2017/18 cropping season in Gokwe South to evaluate the effect of alachlor, metolachlor, propaquizafop, and fluazifop-p-butyl on seed germination, growth, and yield of three sesame genotypes, namely, IETC, Lind 02, and Ziada 94. A laboratory experiment was laid in a completely randomised design with genotype and herbicide type as the factors. Seed germination, radicle, and plumule length were recorded at the end of the experiment. In the pot studies, two separate experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of pre and postemergence herbicides on 50% emergence, plant height, number of branches, 50% flowering, number of pods, and yield of three sesame genotypes. The laboratory experiment results revealed significant ( p < 0.05 ) interactions among varieties and preemergence graminicides for germination percentage, radicle length, plumule length, and germination vigor index. Alachlor and metolachlor differentially reduced all germination parameters in the sesame genotypes used in the study. In the preemergence pot studies, there were significant ( p < 0.05 ) interactions on 50% emergence, plant height, and number of branches but not on number of pods and yield. Metolachlor significantly reduced all the measured parameters in IETC and Ziada 94. In the postemergence pot study, propaquizafop significantly ( p < 0.05 ) reduced plant height, number of pods, and yield of sesame more than fluazifop-p-butyl and hand pulling. It can be concluded that metolachlor and propaquizafop are not safe for use in these sesame genotypes at dosage rates that were used in this study. There is need for further screening of more sesame genotypes for tolerance to these and other commonly used genotypes to avoid unintentional phytotoxic damage on sesame.
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Poonguzhalan, Angel, Ramadoss, A. L. Narayanan, and S. Nadaradjan. "Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Plant Growth Regulators." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (February 10, 2022): 190–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2022.1102.021.
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A field experiment was conducted at Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru College of Agriculture and Research Institute, Karaikal to study the effect of plant growth regulators on growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) during summer 2021. The field experiment with thirteen treatments was conducted on loamy sand soil in a randomized block design (RBD) replicated thrice. The treatments included four plant growth regulators at various concentrations (NAA 50 ppm, NAA 100 ppm, CCC 100 ppm, BA 5 ppm and HA 500 ppm) and water spray at two levels of application (one spray – at flowering stage and two sprays – at flowering and capsule formation stages) and an unsprayed control. The results revealed that spraying NAA 100 ppm twice recorded the highest values for plant height, leaf area index, dry matter production and number of branches per plant followed by single spray of humic acid 500 ppm at flowering stage. The highest number of capsules per plant was recorded with application of NAA 100 ppm twice at flowering and capsule formation stages. Application of NAA 100 ppm twice recorded significantly higher seed (633 kg ha-1) and haulm (1296 kg ha-1) yields as compared to other growth regulators.
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Mohammad, M., F. B. Mukhtar, S. Basiru, Garba Munir, and M. Adamu. "Effect of Soil Types and Sowing Methods on Growth and Yield of Some Varieties of Sesame (<i>sesamum indicum L.</i>) Grown in Dutse, Jigawa State." Dutse Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences 9, no. 2b (July 16, 2023): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/dujopas.v9i2b.12.
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A field trial on the effect of soil types and sowing methods on growth and yield of some varieties of sesame ( sesamum indicum L.) was conducted at school farm Federal University Dutse Jigawa state (latitude 11.00̊ N to 13.00̊ N and longitude 8.00̊ E to 10.15̊ E) during the 2019 rainy season. The treatments used were three soil types (Clay, loam, sand) and two sowing methods (drilling and dibbling). Two varieties of sesame namely EX-Sudan and E8 were used. A split-split plot design was used. Result showed that the number of leaves, number of capsules per plant 1000 seed weight and seed yield per plant were significantly affected by sowing method with drilling method producing the highest seed yield per plant and variety had significant effect on number of leaves per plant, days to 50% flowering and maturity and seed yield per plant with EX-Sudan manifesting the highest yield per plant. The interaction between varieties were only significant on number of capsules/plant while between sowing method and variety was only significant on seed yield per plant. Interaction between variety and soil type showed that V1S1 (EX-Sudan and Loamy soil) had the highest influence on plant growth parameters while V2S2 (E8 and Sandy soil) had the lowest. The results indicated that drilling is the best sowing method, loamy soil is the best soil type for growing sesame while the variety EX-Sudan produced the highest seed yield and seed quality of sesame more than the E8 variety. Thus, farmers could be recommended to adopt these agronomic practices using EX-Sudan for increased sesame production in the Sudan savanna ecological zone of Nigeria.
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Alege, Gbenga Olorunshola, Musa Ozigi Yakubu, Deborah Tini Egilla, David Franklin Igata, Usman Ibrahim Aliyu, and Danlami Dauda. "GROWTH AND YIELD RESPONSE OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) TO BITTER LEAF (VERNONIA AMYGDALINA DEL.) LEAF, STEM AND ROOT AQUEOUS EXTRACTS." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 4 (January 25, 2022): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0504-798.
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This study was carried out to assess the effect of leaf, stem and root aqueous extracts of Vernonia amygdalina on seed germination, growth and yield performance of Sesamum indicum. The aqueous extracts of the three plant parts were applied at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% to sesame seeds in petri dish and compared with seeds treated with distilled water (control). The percentage of germinated seeds and lengths of radicle and plumule were measure within 10 days of sowing. The different concentrations of leaf, stem and root extracts of Vernonia amygdalina were applied to the seedlings of Sesamum indicum grown in pots and arranged in Complete Randomized Design (CRD). Data were obtained for number of germinated seeds, lengths of plumule and radicle while number of leaves, height of plant, stem girth, leaf length and leaf breadth were taken at 2,4, 6 and 8 Weeks After Planting (WAP). All data pooled were subjected to one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) is used to separate means. Significant reduction in germination percentage of sesame seeds was recorded in sesame grown with 100% concentration of aqueous stem extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (78.33%) which indicates inhibitory effect of the extract at the concentration. 25% aqueous root extracts of Vernonia amygdalina significantly stimulated early growth of the shoot (1.70cm) and root (1.60cm) in sesame seed. In this study, growth and yield of sesame were enhanced by 50% root extract of Vernonia amygdalina. This suggests that intermediate concentrations of
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Grichar, W. J., P. A. Dotray, and D. R. Langham. "Sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) Growth and Yield as Influenced by Preemergence Herbicides." International Journal of Agronomy 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/809587.
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Studies were conducted during the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons under weed-free conditions in South Texas and the High Plains region of Texas to evaluate preemergence herbicides for sesame tolerance. No reduction in sesame stand was noted with any herbicide at south Texas location; however, at the High Plains location, linuron at the 2X rate reduced stand counts 28 days after treatment (DAT) in 2007 and diuron reduced sesame stand 147 DAT in 2008 when compared with the untreated check. At the 1/2X rate all herbicides exhibited minimal stunting while at the 1X rate stunting was variable and varied between locations. At the 2X rate, all herbicides caused sesame stunting compared to the untreated check. No herbicide, with the exception of linuron at the 2X rate in 2008 at the High Plains location, reduced sesame yield when compared with the untreated check. Although some herbicide treatments resulted in sesame stunting, this did not result in any yield reductions and this can be attributed to the ability of the sesame plant to compensate for injury and/or reduced stands.
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Isaac, Afe, Alabi Oyebisi, Ogundare Kayode, and Adeniji Mojisola. "Effects of spatial arrangement and population density on the growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in a sesame/maize intercrop." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 65, no. 4 (2020): 337–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas2004337i.
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A field experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as affected by the row arrangement and population density of maize (Zea mays L.). The full population of sesame in two-row arrangements (1:1) and (2:2) was combined with four population densities of maize viz: 100S:100M; 100S:75M; 100S:50M and 100S:25M (where S and M represented sesame and maize, respectively). Sole crops of sesame and maize at full population were included in the treatments as control. The number of pods per plant (NPP), length of fruit zone (LFZ), and yield of sesame were significantly (P?0.5) influenced by the interactive effect of population ratios and row arrangements. These variables increased as the population of associated maize decreased. All variables measured in maize were influenced by population density and row arrangement except for the number of cobs per plant (NCP), cob length (CL), and cob circumference (CC). Regardless of spatial arrangement and population density, the aggressivity (A) value was positive for sesame and negative for maize. The competitive ratio (CR) values were also higher in sesame than in maize. Land equivalent ratio (LER) and land equivalent coefficient (LEC) values, for all population ratios tested, indicated the intercropping advantage with the highest value recorded at a full population of sesame mixed with fifty percent population of maize in a 2:2-row arrangement and hence, recommended for adoption.
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Kang, Sang-Mo, Muhammad Imran, Shifa Shaffique, Eun-Hae Kwon, Yong-Sung Park, and In-Jung Lee. "Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Sesame Seedlings with Gibberellin-Producing Rhodobacter sphaeroides SIR03 and Biochar." International Journal of Plant Biology 13, no. 3 (August 4, 2022): 257–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijpb13030022.
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The use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) with biochar is apprised to be a promising bio-fertilizer for improving the soil fertility and plant growth and development. The current study aimed to identify a potential plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium alongside biochar to improve sesame seedling productivity. Our results revealed that among the nine isolates, SIR01, SIR03, and SIR07 significantly improved the growth and biomass of sesame and Waito-C rice seedlings. The increase in growth of Waito-C rice seedlings through isolate SIR01, SIR03, and SIR07, suggests their ability to produce phytohormones such as GA4, GA9, GA24, and GA34. Furthermore, the application of isolate SIR03 and biochar together revealed a synergistic increase in sesame seedling growth and biomass (fresh and dry weight) compared with their individual applications. This may be explained by enhancement of photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll fluorescence, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate by the combined SIR03 and biochar treatment. This suggests that co-inoculation with SIR03 alongside the application of biochar can be considered an eco-friendly, low-cost bio-fertilizer to potentially improve sesame seedling growth and development.
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Heidari, M., N. Amirfazli, H. Ghorbani, and F. Zafarian. "Calcium Chloride and Drought Stress Changed Grain Yield and Physiological Traits in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica 50, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0029.
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Abstract Water deficit or drought stress is one of the most significant abiotic stresses that induce reduction in plant growth and crops yield. Calcium chloride has been shown to ameliorate the adverse effects of drought stress on many plants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of calcium chloride in drought resistance and its effect on some physiological characteristics in sesame. Calcium is essential for good growth and structure of plants. In sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), the foliar application of calcium chloride (C1=0 (control), C2=5, C3=10 and C4=15 mM concentration) significantly affected on grain yield under drought stress (W1= 7 (control, no drought stress-plants irrigation at a 7-day interval), W2= 12 (severe drought and plants irrigation at a 12- day interval) and W3= 17 (the most severe drought and plants irrigation at a 17-day interval). Drought stress reduced grain yield and 1000 seed weight, but these were enhanced by foliar application of calcium chloride when drought levels increased from W1 to W3. Although the increasing calcium chloride concentration reduced the content of photosynthesis pigments in leaves, the drought treatment until W2 increased the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll “a” and carotenoids) in leaves. The foliar application of calcium chloride increased the seed weight in plant, the number of capsules per plant, plant height, and the concentration of potassium and phosphorus in leaves and seeds. The greatest amount of potassium in leaves and seeds were measured under the W1C3 treatment. Sesame plants under W3C3 and W2C3 had the highest amount of phosphorus in leaves and seeds, respectively. Overall, although drought stress reduced the growth and grain yield in sesame, the foliar application of calcium chloride at the concentration of 10 mM, prevented the drought-stressed sesame plants from damage by improving their physiological parameters.
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Murimwa, J. C., J. T. Rugare, S. Mabasa, and R. Mandumbu. "Allelopathic Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) on the Early Seedling Growth of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Varieties and Selected Weeds." International Journal of Agronomy 2019 (March 3, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5494756.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) production is lucrative to resource poor farmers in marginalised areas of Zimbabwe, although most farmers have reportedly been failing to derive maximum economic benefits from sesame production due to poor productivity. Low productivity has been attributed to several factors including challenges of weed control due to absence of registered herbicides for use in sesame in Zimbabwe. Laboratory enzyme assays were conducted using different sorghum aqueous leaf and stem extract concentrations at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, and 10.0% wv−1 to determine the effect of sorghum aqueous extracts on plant defense enzymes polyphenol oxidase (PPO), peroxidase (POD), and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in sesame and selected weeds. Greenhouse experiments were conducted to assess the effect of sorgaab or sorgaab-Agil postemergence sprays on the seedling growth and physiology of sesame and weeds. The exposure of sesame, black jack, and goose grass to sorghum aqueous extracts caused a significant (p<0.05) concentration-dependent increase on the activity of antioxidant enzymes PAL, POD, and POD. Similarly, postemergence sprays of sole sorgaab, herbicide, and sorgaab-herbicide combination significantly (p<0.05) increased sesame and black jack seedling growth, chlorophyll content, and fluorescence but not of goose grass. From this study, it could be concluded that the allelochemicals in sorghum aqueous extracts were not effective at inhibiting the growth and physiological processes of sesame and the weeds. Therefore, resource-poor farmers cannot rely on sorgaab to control weeds in sesame but there is a need to integrate weed control options to form an effective integrated weed management program.
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Shathi, Tasmia Amin, Mahmud Syed, and Md Khalilur Rahman. "Growth and quality characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as influenced by vermicompost and chemical fertilizers." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 49, no. 1 (July 11, 2023): 43–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v49i1.67594.
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An experiment was carried out in pot culture to assess the effect of integrated vermicompost and chemical fertilizers on soil physical and chemical attributes, sesame plant growth, seed yield, and nutrient concentrations in agricultural soil. Eleven treatments were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications together with the control. All the vegetative growth and yield promoting attributes viz. plant height (116.20 cm), leaf number (100 plant-1), leaf area (29.34 cm2), pod no. (100 plant-1), and seed no. (64 pod-1), and 1000 seeds weight (3.82g) was highest in T10 containing 15 t ha-1 vermicompost plus 70% RDF (N21P11K14S5 kg ha-1). The control (T1) displayed minimum yield performance and quality characteristics. The total N, P, K, S, Fe, and Zn concentrations and protein content in seeds were measured highest in T10. This study revealed that combining vermicompost with inorganic fertilizer can improve sesame plant growth and seed nutrient content and is recommended for sesame production. J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 49(1): 43-53, June 2023
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H. S. Bhadauria, D. M. Hadiya, K. P. Prajapati A. K. Singh, and V. H. Kanabi. "Impact of Plant Growth Regulators on Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Yield and its Attributes." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (October 10, 2021): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1010.013.
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The experiment was conducted at Agronomy Instructional Farm, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar during Kharif 2020 to examined the effect of different foliar spray of plant growth regulators viz., GA3 (100 and 200 ppm), NAA (50 and 100 ppm), CCC (500 and 1000 ppm) and SA (500 and 1000 ppm) on seed yield and its related attributes of sesame variety (Gujarat Til 3).The research was laid out in randomized block design, with ten treatments in three replication under rainfed condition. GA3 200 ppm significantly increased seed yield and its attributes of sesame the number of capsule per plant, number of seeds per capsule, biological yield, harvest index and oil content.
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Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos, Osvaldo Aulino da Silva, Maria Jose Hebling-Beraldo, Odair Correa Bueno, João Batista Fernandes, and Paulo Cesar Vieira. "Toxicity of sesame extracts to the symbiotic fungus of leaf-cutting ants." Bulletin of Entomological Research 80, no. 3 (September 1990): 349–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485300050550.
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AbstractExtracts of different sesame plant (Sesamum indicum) Linnaeus organs inhibited the in vitro growth of the fungus Leucocoprinus gongylophorus (Möller) (=Rozites gongylophora Möller), which is cultivated by the leaf-cutting ants of the species Atta sexdens rubropilosa Forel (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). The presence of the factor responsible for this inhibition was detected in methanol or chloroform extracts and is constant in the plant.
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Nurhayati, Dewi Ratna. "Effect of Biotogrow Dosage on Black and White Sesame Varieties Quality." Journal of Social Science 4, no. 1 (December 18, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.46799/jss.v4i1.499.
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Sesame as an industrial plant commodity product has functional properties and has good benefits for health and is needed for various industries, foodstuffs, and edible oil producers, as well as raw materials for industries: pharmaceuticals, margarine, soap, cosmetics , pesticides etc., because it contains > 40% unsaturated fat, minerals, protein, antioxidants (sesamin, and sesamolin). This research will provide solutions to cropping patterns and improve the welfare of the local community. This cultivation technique is able to optimize the planting medium to improve soil properties physically, chemically, biologically, can hold water and provide nutrients, which then makes it a source of plant needs in a sustainable manner. Research using Complete Randomized Block Design. Location of Trucuk Klaten. Treatment Factors Kinds of Sesame Varieties. The varieties are as follows, M1 = black sesame variety, M2 = white sesame variety, Biotogrow: D0 : without biotogrow 0 ml/l (as control), D1 : with a biotogrow dose of 1.5 ml/l, D2 : with a biotogrow dose of 2 ml/lD3 : with a biotogrow dose of 3 ml/l. Observation parameters included agronomic observations (flowering time, number of pods, weight of 1000 seeds, wet and dry stover) growing media conditions, agronomy and sesame growth. The data obtained were investigated for variance and continued with BNT 5%. As the fat content of white sesame is higher than black sesame which is 37% and 35.50%.
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Sujatha, V., R. Saritha, S. K. Haseena Bhanu, A. B. M. Sirisha, and S. V. S. Gangadhara Rao. "Effect of sulphur on growth, yield and economics of sesame (Sesamum indicum)." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 17, AAEBSSD (July 15, 2021): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15740/has/ijas/17-aaebssd/233-236.
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The productivity of sesame is mainly dependant on proper agronomic management practices including nutrient management. In oilseeds, sulphur plays a prominent role in the synthesis of essential oils, chlorophyll formation and gives pungency in oil. It is also increasing drought and cold resistance of oilseed crops. Hence, field studies were conducted for two consecutive years to study the effect of various sources of sulphur (Gypsum and Sulphur Bentonite) and their different levels (15, 30 and 45 kg S ha-1) on growth, yield and economics of sesame. Studies revealed that, irrespective of sources of sulphur seed yield increased progressively with increase in sulphur dose from 15 to 45 kg ha-1 and the increase was significant at 45 kg ha-1 over 15 kg ha-1and control. Application of sulphur at 45 kg/ha through gypsum produced significantly higher plant height (97.1 cm), branches/plant (4.98), capsules/ plant (95.9) and seed yield (586.5 kg/ha) than at 15 kg S/ha through gypsum, Sulphur bentonite and recommended NPK and remaining at par with application of Sulphur at 30 kg/ha. Sulphur application at 45 and 30 kg ha-1 through gypsum recorded significantly higher net returns (Rs. 33365 and 31963 ha-1 respectively) and B: C ratio (2.47 and 2.38 respectively) than Sulphur Bentonite and recommended NPK during both the years.
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Gelgelo Geyeto Geserto and Zenebe Mekonnen Adare. "Blended NPSB fertilizer rates effect on growth, yield and yield components of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) varieties at konso, Southern Ethiopia." International Journal of Scientific Research Updates 3, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 050–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53430/ijsru.2022.3.2.0036.
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Sesame is an important cash and food oil crop cultivated in low lands of Ethiopia. However, sesame productivity was constrained due to declining soil fertility, inadequate extension and demonstration of improved high yielding varieties. Thus, response of sesame varieties to rates of blended NPSB fertilizer was studied at Konso, Southern Ethiopia, during 2019/2020 cropping season to determine sesame varieties and blended NPSB fertilizer rate on growth, yield, and yield components. The experiment consisted of three sesame varieties and five blended NPSB fertilizer rates laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Results of analysis showed that days to crop phenology, growth, seed yield and oil content variables were significantly (p˂0.05) affected due to sesame varieties and blended NPSB fertilizer rates. Variety Setit-2 showed maximum plant height (153.83cm), number of nods plant-1 (31), number of branches plant-1 (8), number of capsules plant-1 (129), number of seeds capsule-1 (67) and 1000 seed weight (3.52g). Maximum number of days to 50% flowering (54), days to physiological maturity (93), plant height (146.17cm) and oil content (58.51%) were recorded at 200 kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer. High nods plant-1 (32), number of branches plant-1 (8), number of capsules plant-1 (141), number of seeds capsule-1 (68) and thousand seed weight (3.87g) were recorded at 100 kg ha-1 blended NPSB fertilizer. The highest above ground dry biomass (4298.96 kg ha-1), harvest index (25.6%), seed yield (1099.33 kg ha-1) and oil yield (616.16 kg ha-1) recorded from variety Setit-2 when combined with 100kg ha-1blended NPSB fertilizer. Thus, blended fertilizer at rate of 100kg NPSB ha-1 and Setit-2 were suggested for sesame production the study area.
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Anee, Taufika Islam, Parimal Kanti Biswas, and Mirza Hasanuzzaman. "Changes in morpho-physiological and yield attributes of Sesamum indicum under waterlogging at different growth stages." Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences 46, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v46i2.63415.
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To understand the responsive nature to excess water, a pot experiment was conducted at different growth stages of sesame (Sesamum indicum L. cv. BARI Til-4). The waterlogging stress at each stage was set to three durations, viz. 2, 4, and 6 days. Twelve different treatment combinations were replicated three times and arranged in a completely randomized design. Different morpho-physiological and yield parameters were measured after the completion of the longest stress duration (6 days). The data revealed that sesame is vulnerable to excess water conditions, and the sensitivity is positively correlated with the stress duration. Plant biomass, leaf area, SPAD value, and the yield attributes recorded are observed to be declined with the increment of stress duration. Another important finding is that among the three growth stages of sesame, the reproductive stage is the most sensitive stage, which hardly withstands waterlogging. the stress at the vegetative stage affect yield parameters minimally. J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 46(2); 165-173: December 2022
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Waziri, A., Amba, A. A., Fagam, A. S., and Ayim, J. O. "EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SESAME (SESAMUM INDICUM L.) VARIETIES IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development 3, no. 1 (March 3, 2020): 117–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/jasd.v3i1.109.
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The experiment was conducted at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University teaching and research farm Bauchi, Bauchi State in 2012 and 2013 rainy seasons. The treatments consisted of nitrogen fertilizer rate of 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80kg N/ha and three different varieties of sesame (NCIR BEN 01M, NCIR BEN 02M and Ex-Sudan). The experiments were factorially combined and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design, replicated three times in both seasons. The results of the experiments showed that, nitrogen fertilizer had significant (P<0.05) effect on the growth and yield of sesame plant. The application of nitrogen fertilizer at 60 kg N/ha significantly (P<0.05) increased plant height, leaf area, number of branches, number of capsules per plant and yield/hectare of sesame plant in both 2012 and 2013 rainy seasons. It was also observed that, Ex-Sudan variety significantly (P<0.05) had higher plant height, leaf area, number of branches, number of capsules per plant and yield/hectare than the other two varieties. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that, the application of 60 kg N/ha to sesame varieties especially Ex-Sudan can be adopted by farmers in the study area for maximum yield.
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Danmaigoro, O., M. I. Zamfara, H. Yakubu, and Musa M. Umar. "EFFECTS OF POULTRY MANURE AND WEED CONTROL METHODS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SESAME VARIETIES." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 4, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-195.
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Field trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 wet seasons at Federal University Dutse Teaching and Research Farm (Latitude 11 46, 39”N and Longitude 9 20, 30”E) in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria. To evaluate performance of sesame varieties as affected by poultry manure and weed control methods. The treatments consisted of five weed control treatments (pre-emergence application of ButachlorEC50%, hoe weeding at 3WAS +pre-emergence butachlor EC50%, pre-emergence butachlor EC50%+hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS, hoe weeding @ 3 and 6WAS and weedy check), three level of poultry manure (5, 10, and 15t/ha) and three sesame varieties (Ben 01, Yandev 55 and Ben 04E. The treatments were laid out in split plot design and replicated three times. The results indicated that weed control methods had significant effect (0.05) on the sesame growth and seed yield comparable to hoe weeding control at 3 and 6WAS where plant height number of leaves, capsule number per plant and seed yield of sesame were significant higher with the application of butachlor plus hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS compared to others weed control methods. Poultry manure application on sesame as 15t/ha gave taller plant height, more number of leaves, higher sesame dry weight, longer capsule length and seed yield of sesame than the other rates while Ben 01(455 and 1043 ) perform better than the others two varieties (Yandev 498, 756 and Ben4E 522 and 765 ) for 2017 and 2018 seasons. In conclusion,
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Maheshwari, Boppani, Biswarup Mehera, Prateek Kumar, and Sovan Mondal. "Effect of Foliar Application of Micronutrients on Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum)." International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, no. 12 (May 11, 2023): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i122969.
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The field experiment was carried out during kharif season of 2022, at crop research farm of Department of Agronomy at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj in North Eastern plains of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. The soil of the experiment plot was sandy loam in texture, nearly neutral in soil reaction (pH 7.1), low in organic carbon (0.82%), available N (291.24 kg/ha), available P (32.85 kg/ha) and available K (264.78 kg/ha). The treatments included three sources (Zinc), (Boron), (Iron) levels and one control plot, respectively. Randomized block design comprising of 9 treatments with different combination of zinc, boron along with iron which are replicated thrice and T9 is control. The experimental results revealed that application of Zinc 100 ppm + Boron 100 ppm + iron 100 ppm recorded maximum plant height (114.80 cm), Plant dry weight (16.29 g/plant), number of capsules per plant (43.77), Seeds/capsules (69.73), Seed yield (1.10 t/ha), Stover yield (2.45 t/ha).
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Susilo, Eko, Dewi Ratna Nurhayati, and Saiful Bahri. "UJI TAKARAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP TIGA VARIETAS WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.)." Innofarm:Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian 23, no. 1 (May 20, 2021): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33061/innofarm.v23i1.5354.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is one of the plantation crop commodities which has high economic value (Rusmin, 2007). Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is classified as a high quality food and edible oil because of its high mineral and protein content and low saturated fatty acid content, so it does not have a negative impact on health (Winarno, 1993). With an intercropping cropping pattern, the yield of sesame plants in Indonesia is still low, namely an average of 350 kg / ha of dry seeds (Rukmana, 1998). The shortage of domestic sesame products is met with imports of sesame from Thailand, Vietnam and other countries (Hanura, 2004). This proves that the opportunity to develop sesame is still very open. The main obstacle in sesame development is the low yield. One way to increase productivity is by means of fertilization. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of cow manure and its interaction on the growth and yield of sesame. The research was conducted in Pijiharjo Hamlet, Karang Lor Village, Manyaran District, Wonogiri Regency, Central Java (57662), from 19 April to 16 July 2020.This research is a factorial experiment consisting of two factors based on a completely randomized block design (RAKL) consisting of 3 replications. The treatment is as follows: the first factor is the provision of cow manure at a rate of 150 gr (P2), 100 gr (P1) and without fertilizer (P0) as a control. The second factor is three kinds of sesame varieties consisting of SBR 1 (V1), SBR 4 (V2) and WINAS 1 (V3). Based on the results of research and discussion, it can be concluded that: The three varieties of sesame are not responsive to the three treatments of the dose of cow manure so that there is still a need to add a more precise dose according to the needs of the sesame plant.
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Somefun, Olabisi T., Victor I. O. Olowe, Sunday O. Adigbo, and Faucett O. Olasantan. "Mixture productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) intercropped with sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in the humid tropics: effects of sunflower introduction date and organic fertiliser." Crop and Pasture Science 71, no. 12 (2020): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp20330.
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Intercropping is a major production strategy in the tropics. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) are two resilient oilseed crops of high economic potential with contrasting growth and morphological characteristics, which may make them suitable candidates for intercropping. Two field trials were conducted during the late cropping season (July–November) of 2018 and 2019 at Abeokuta, Nigeria, to evaluate the effects of organic fertiliser application and varying the introduction date of sunflower into sesame fields on intercrop productivity and efficiency. Sunflower was sown at 0, 10 and 20 days after sowing (DAS) of two varieties of sesame. On average, mixtures that involved either sesame variety with sunflower interplanted at 0 or 10 DAS plus fertiliser application showed a high land-equivalent ratio of >1.00 (biological efficiency), high land-equivalent coefficient of >0.25 (intercrop compatibility), and high economic efficiency in terms of monetary advantage index and sesame yield equivalent. Weight of sesame capsules per plant increased significantly (P < 0.05) following application of organic fertiliser in both years. Similarly, aboveground plant weight of sesame was significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced irrespective of the date of introducing sunflower into sesame fields in both years. Sesame grain yield (543.4–636.5 kg/ha) during the wetter late season of 2019 compared favourably with mean values from Africa (473.5 kg/ha) and the world (512.3 kg/ha). Organic fertiliser application significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced sesame grain yield in both years. Delaying introduction of sunflower until 20 DAS of sesame resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) lower sunflower head weight and achene weight per head and depressed sunflower grain yield in both years. Therefore, mixtures of both sesame varieties with sunflower introduced at 0 or 10 DAS and with organic fertiliser applied achieved high intercrop productivity and land-use efficiency, and are hereby recommended for cultivation under humid tropical conditions.
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Zenawi, Gebregergis, and Amare Mizan. "Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization on the Growth and Seed Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." International Journal of Agronomy 2019 (July 24, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5027254.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is grown mainly in the tropics. It is typically grown by smallholders with nearly all of its production in developing countries. It is an important source of high-quality oil and protein. Inappropriate use of fertilizers and monocropping are among the major production constraints. The objective of this paper is therefore to review the effect of N fertilizers on sesame growth and productivity. Growth and yield of sesame are greatly influenced by the application of N fertilizer. In most of the sesame-producing countries, optimum seed yield of sesame was obtained from application of 46–100 kg·N/ha. Adequate nitrogen fertilization also improves uptakes of other nutrients, particularly P and K and some micronutrients. Preemergence application of mobile nitrogen (urea) is less efficient due to losses. Mobile form of N fertilizer became available within two days for the crop. Split N applications where the N fertilizer is applied at different growth stages of the crop increases productivity. Side-dress application is one of the easiest ways to maximize nitrogen use efficiency. N fertilizers should be placed 3–5 cm deeper than the seeds and 5–10 cm apart from the plant for side dress but not far than 20 cm. Under optimal environmental conditions, nitrogen fertilizer has no effect on phonological traits but on the growth parameters. In the potential areas, application of 46–100 kg·N/ha gives maximum yield and lowering the application of N to less than 46 kg·N/ha in marginal areas is economical.
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G, PATEL S., LEVA R. L, PATEL H. R, and CHAUDHARI N. N. "Effect of spacing and nutrient management on summer sesame (Sesamum indicum) under south Gujarat conditions." Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences 88, no. 4 (April 24, 2018): 647–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.56093/ijas.v88i4.79148.
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A field experiment was conducted during summer 2015 at Navsari (Gujarat) to study the effect of spacing and nutrient management on summer sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under south Gujarat conditions. Among almost all the growth and yield attributes, maximum plant height and minimum number of branches/plant, dry matter production/plant, seed yield/plant, number of capsules/plant and number of seeds/capsule were recorded with spacing of 30 cm x 10 cm. While, maximum seed yield, straw yield, oil yield, nutrient uptake, net realizationand BCR were recorded with spacing of 45 cm x 10 cm. Among all the growth and yield attributes, maximumplant height, number of branches/plant, dry matter production/plant, number of capsules/plant, number of seeds/capsule, seed yield/plant, seed yield and straw yield, were recorded with the application of 100% RDF, i.e. 50-25-0 kg N-P2O5-K2O/ha). Treatments receiving 100% RDF realized the highest net realization of 35477` ha with the highest BCR of 2.69.
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Seyni, Boureima, and Sani Moussa Abdourahamane. "EFFETS DES APPORTS DENGRAIS MINERAUX SUR LA CROISSANCE, LA PRODUCTIVITE ET LA RENTABILITE ECONOMIQUE DU SESAME DANS LE CENTRE SUD DU NIGER." International Journal of Advanced Research 9, no. 10 (October 31, 2021): 303–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/13549.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an annual oilseed crop cultivated for its seeds which are a source of income and nutrients for farmers. In Niger, the plant is mainly cultivated on low inputs soils some often without added fertilizers because sesame is considered as secondary crop. A study of the response of sesame to mineral fertilization was carried out on the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agronomy and Environmental Sciences of Dan Dicko Dankoulodo University of Maradi during the rainy season 2019-2020. The SN-103 cultivar was used in a split-plot design set-up with 4 replicates. Two factors were studied : the type of fertilizer with two levels (15-15-15 and 18-46-00) and the dose at five levels (0 kg ha-1 (control), 80 kg ha-1, 300 kg ha-1, 334 kg ha-1, 368 kg ha-1). Flowering time, plant height at maturity, the number of capsules per plant, the number of branches, the grain yield and the Normalized Difference of the Vegetation Index (NDVI) were the parameters monitored. The economic benefits analysis of applying these doses were also carried. The results evidenced that there is no significant difference between the two types of fertilizer in their effects on the growth and the development parameters and that only the dose effect was significant. Higher dose of 15-15-15 or 18-46-00 significantly increase the grain yield of sesame. The rate of 368 kg ha-1 was particularly more productive with a grain yield of 837 kg ha-1. The two doses of 80 kg ha-1 and 368 kg ha-1were economically superior and stable within the price variability periodes of sesame grains. NDVI 4, measured on the 66th day after sowing, alone explains 63,30% of the variability in sesame grain yield. Although sesame is considered a less fertilizer demanding crop, it responds well to fertilization and a measured NDVI during full bloom can be an effective tool for predicting sesame seed yield.
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A., Waziri, Fagam, A. S. Fagam, A. S, Garba, A. A. Garba, A. A, and Aliyu, M. Aliyu, M. "EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER AND SOWING METHODS ON PERFORMANCE OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) VARIETIES IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology 2, no. 1 (June 6, 2022): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/njaat.v2i1.7.
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Field experiment was conducted at the Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching and Research farm, Bauchi in 2018, 2019 and 2020 rainy seasons to study Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Sowing Methods on performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Varieties. The treatments consisted of four levels of nitrogen fertilizer rates (0, 30, 60 and 90kg N/ha), three sowing methods (dibbling, drilling and broadcasting) and two varieties of sesame (Ex – Sudan 1 and NCRI BEN 01M). The experiment was factorially combined and laid out in to a Randomized Complete Block Design and replicated three times. The result of the experiment revealed that, nitrogen fertilizer had significant (P≤0.05) effect on growth characters of sesame plant. The application of nitrogen fertilizer at 60kg/ha significantly (P≤0.05) increased plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, stem girth, number of branches, leaf area index, leaf area ratio, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate in the 3 years of study. It was also observed that sowing method had significant (P≤0.05) influence on the performance of the crop. Dibbling method of sowing significantly (P≤0.05) produced higher plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, stem girth, number of branches than the other two sowing methods. Studies carried out during the 3-year indicated that 2020 rainy season produced significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, stem girth, number of branches than 2018 and 2019 seasons. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the application of 60kg N/ha and dibbling method of sowing can be adopted by farmers in the study area for optimum production.
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Eifediyi, E. K., H. E. Ahamefule, S. U. Remison, T. H. Aliyu, and N. Akanbi. "Effects of Neem Seed Cake and NPK Fertilizer on the Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 50, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cerce-2017-0015.
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AbstractSoils of the southern Guinea savannah zone of Nigeria are low in organic matter content, inherently infertile due to intensive weathering and leaching caused by high temperature and rainfall. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the University of Ilorin, during the 2013 and 2014 cropping seasons, to determine the effect of neem seed cake and NPK fertilizer on the performance of sesame crop (Ex Sudan cv). Treatments consisted of three levels of NPK fertilizer 20:10:10, applied at 0, 100 and 200 kg ha−1and neem seed cake (NSC), applied at 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 t ha−1. The experiment was laid out in a 3 x 5 factorial arrangement replicated thrice. Data were collected on soil parameters (some physical and chemical properties), plant growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves and leaf area) and yield components (number of capsules per plant, weight of seeds per plant and weight of seeds per hectare). The result of the study indicated that using the highest level of application of NPK fertilizer, neem seed cake and their combinations significantly (p<0.05) increased the growth of sesame plants, in the 2 years of study. However, the 100 kg ha−1of NPK and 3 tha−1and their combinations gave the highest yield and yield components of sesame during the period of study. The result of the study revealed that using high levels of NPK, neem seed cake and their combinations favoured vegetative growth at the expense of seed formation. Farmers are therefore encouraged to use organic and inorganic fertilizer moderately to prevent excessive vegetative growth of sesame.
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Girish, K., Chaithra S, and Syeda Fathima. "Effect of essential oils on seed borne Fusarium sp., and seed quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Journal of Tropical Life Science 11, no. 1 (February 3, 2021): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.11594/jtls.11.01.13.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is as an important oilseed crop and seed borne fungi are reducing the yield as well as quality of the seeds produced. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils for control of seed borne fungi as well as enhancement of seed quality of sesame. Fusarium sp., was isolated from sesame seeds by agar plate method. Four essential oils such as camphor oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil and rose oil were screened for their antifungal potential against the isolated Fusarium sp., by poisoned food method. Selected essential oils were tested at different concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm concentrations for their ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of test fungi. All the oils completely inhibited the mycelial growth of test fungi at 500 ppm concentration. The effect of selected essential oils on sesame seed quality was analyzed by standard blotter method. All the four oils increased the germination percentage and seed vigour while the fungal infection was completely inhibited without any phytotoxic effects. Comparatively, clove oil showed the best activity followed by camphor oil, cinnamon oil and rose oil. These results observed of the essential oils indicate the possible usage of them for the sesame seed treatment following further investigations.
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Ambachew Mekonnen, Sisay, and Assefa Sintayehu. "Performance Evaluation of Sesame under Regulated Deficit Irrigation Application in the Low Land of Western Gondar, Ethiopia." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (March 26, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3760349.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is the leading oil seed crop produced in Ethiopia. It is the second most important agricultural commodity for export market in the country. It is well suited as an alternative crop production system, and it has low crop water requirement with moderate resistance to soil moisture deficit. The low land of North Western Ethiopia is the major sesame producer in the country, and the entire production is from rainfed. The rainfall distribution in North Western Ethiopia is significantly varied. This significant rainfall variability hampers the productivity of sesame. Irrigation agriculture has the potential to stabilize crop production and mitigate the negative impacts of variable rainfall. This study was proposed to identify critical growth stages during which sesame is most vulnerable to soil moisture deficit and to evaluate the crop water productivity of sesame under deficit irrigation. The performance of sesame to stage-wise and uniform deficit irrigation scheduling technique was tested at Gondar Agricultural Research Center (Metema Station), Northern Western Ethiopia. Eight treatments, four stage-wise deficit, two uniform deficit, one above optimal, and one optimal irrigation applications, were evaluated during the 2017 irrigation season. The experiment was designed as a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant phenological variables, grain yield and crop water productivity, were used for performance evaluation. The result showed that deficit irrigation can be applied both throughout and at selected growth stages except the midseason stage. Imposing deficit during the midseason gave the lowest yield indicating the severe effect of water deficit during flowering and capsule initiation stages. When deficit irrigation is induced throughout, a 25% uniform deficit irrigation can give the highest crop water productivity with no or little yield reduction as compared with optimal irrigation. Implementing deficit irrigation scheduling technique will be beneficial for sesame production. Imposing 75% deficit at the initial, development, late season growth stages or 25% deficit irrigation throughout whole seasons will improve sesame crop water productivity.
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Aliero, A. A. "Effect of Hydroxylamine on the Germination and Growth of Sesame (Sesamum indicum)." Journal of Plant Sciences 1, no. 4 (September 15, 2006): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jps.2006.356.361.
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Auwalu, B. M., and F. E. Babatunde. "Analyses of Growth, Yield and Fertilization of Vegetable Sesame (Sesamum radiatum Schum)." Journal of Plant Sciences 2, no. 1 (December 15, 2006): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/jps.2007.108.112.
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Liu, Aili, Mengyuan Wei, Yong Zhou, Donghua Li, Rong Zhou, Yanxin Zhang, Xiurong Zhang, Linhai Wang, and Jun You. "Comprehensive Analysis of SRO Gene Family in Sesamum indicum (L.) Reveals Its Association with Abiotic Stress Responses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23 (December 2, 2021): 13048. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222313048.
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SIMILAR TO RCD-ONEs (SROs) comprise a small plant-specific gene family which play important roles in regulating numerous growth and developmental processes and responses to environmental stresses. However, knowledge of SROs in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is limited. In this study, four SRO genes were identified in the sesame genome. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 64 SROs from 10 plant species were divided into two groups (Group I and II). Transcriptome data revealed different expression patterns of SiSROs over various tissues. Expression analysis showed that Group II SROs, especially SiSRO2b, exhibited a stronger response to various abiotic stresses and phytohormones than those in Group I, implying their crucial roles in response to environmental stimulus and hormone signals. In addition, the co-expression network and protein-protein interaction network indicated that SiSROs are associated with a wide range of stress responses. Moreover, transgenic yeast harboring SiSRO2b showed improved tolerance to salt, osmotic and oxidative stress, indicating SiSRO2b could confer multiple tolerances to transgenic yeast. Taken together, this study not only lays a foundation for further functional dissection of the SiSRO gene family, but also provides valuable gene candidates for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in sesame.
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Wacal, Ogata, Basalirwa, Sasagawa, Ishigaki, Handa, Kato, et al. "Imbalanced Soil Chemical Properties and Mineral Nutrition in Relation to Growth and Yield Decline of Sesame on Different Continuously Cropped Upland Fields Converted Paddy." Agronomy 9, no. 4 (April 11, 2019): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9040184.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oilseed crop, but is negatively affected by continuous cropping. There is still a lack of information on the effect of continuous cropping on soil chemical properties and mineral nutrition related to sesame growth and yield decline. Therefore, we investigated sesame growth and yield, nutrient concentration and soil chemical properties on five fields with continuous cropping history: non-continuous cropping (Year 0) and durations of two, four, five and six years on an upland field converted paddy in Tottori, Japan. Results show that plant height significantly decreased by 18.76%, 15.22%, and 13.64% in the Year 4, Year 5 and Year 6 fields, respectively, compared to Year 0. The effect of continuous cropping was more pronounced on the 1000-seed weight decline than seed yield. Compared to Year 0, seed yield decreased by 52.86% in Year 2 with no significant differences among the Year 2, Year 4, Year 5 and Year 6 fields, whereas the 1000-seed weight decreased by 6.68% and 12.20% in the Year 2 and Year 5 fields, respectively, compared to Year 0. Plant leaf tissue N concentration significantly decreased in the Year 2, Year 4 and Year 6 fields compared to Year 0, whereas leaf tissue K concentration decreased in the Year 6 field. The increase in duration of continuous cropping years gradually altered soil chemical properties. Soil pH, exchangeable Ca and Mg and cation exchange capacity (CEC) gradually increased in the long duration of continuous cropping, whereas total N and C, exchangeable NH4+-N, urease, dehydrogenase and catalase activities decreased. Our study suggested that the decrease in soil available N and enzyme activities, and decrease in K nutrition due to competitive ion effect as a result of increase in soil Ca and Mg could possibly contribute to the growth and yield decline of continuous sesame on upland field converted paddy.
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Khuong, Nguyen Quoc, Le Vinh Thuc, Nguyen Thi Bich Tran, Tran Ngoc Huu, and Jun-Ichi Sakagami. "Foliar application of boron positively affects the growth, yield, and oil content of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Open Agriculture 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2022-0067.
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Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the optimal concentration of boron (B) to obtain the highest growth, yield, and oil content of black sesame. A field experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. Treatments included foliar application of B at five rates: control, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg L−1 at 25 and 35 days after sowing. Results showed that spraying B on leaves increased sesame growth in terms of plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content. Moreover, spraying B increased yield components including the number of pods; the highest pods per plant was 46.2 in the B application treatment with 150 mg L−1 compared to the control with 27.2 pods per plant. The grain yield of the B spray treatment produced 1.10–1.32 t ha−1, with the highest yield at the dose of 150 mg L−1 and the lowest yield at no B spray treatment. Spraying B on leaves at optimal concentration also increased the oil content in seeds up to 5.3% compared to the control treatment. The findings of the study suggest that foliar B application with 150 mg L−1 increases the growth, fruit set, seed yield, and oil content in sesame.
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Banerjee, P. P., and P. C. Kole. "Analysis of genotypic diversity in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) based on some physiological characters." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 45, No. 2 (July 1, 2009): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/42/2008-cjgpb.
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Genetic diversity among 30 sesame genotypes, collected from different parts of India, was studied using measurements of leaf area index (LAI) obtained 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after sowing (DAS), crop growth rates (CGR) estimated between the above leaf area measurements (i.e. 30 to 45 DAS, 45 to 60 DAS and 60 to 75 DAS), days to peak flowering, duration of flowering, duration from peak flowering to maturity and oil yield per plant. The normalised Euclidean distance was calculated from the data, and, independently, the Mahalanobis D<sup>2</sup> statistics was calculated after dimensionality was reduced by pivotal condensation. The clustering pattern obtained by D<sup>2</sup> analysis agreed closely with the dendrogram constructed from the Euclidean distance matrix. In general, the distribution pattern of genotypes in different clusters indicated that genetic divergence was not related to geographical differentiation. However, it was evident that a certain degree of genotypic divergence resulted from the geographic origin of the cultivars. Duration from peak flowering to maturity contributed most to the observed diversity, followed by days to peak flowering, duration of flowering, LAI at 30 DAS and 75 DAS, oil yield per plant and LAI at 60 DAS. Therefore, a greater emphasis should be laid on these characters in the selection of parents for further breeding programmes.
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Eifediyi, E. K., F. O. Ogedegbe, N. B. Izuogu, C. A. Adedokun, A. Katibi, and S. U. Remison. "Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by 2,4 – Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid and NPK Fertilizer." Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 51, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2018-0036.
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Abstract The Guinea savannah zone of Nigeria is beset by increasing population and infrastructural development, thereby putting pressure on available land with rapidly declining fertility due to low organic matter content, soil erosion, high temperature and seasonal bush burning. Sesame is cultivated in this zone and the yield has remained very low, compared to yield in other parts of the world. This could be attributed to poor nutrient status and poor cultural practices used by peasant farmers. A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, in a southern Guinea savannah zone in 2015 and repeated in 2016 cropping season to determine the effects of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a plant growth regulator and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of sesame. The experiment was laid out as a factorial arrangement, fitted into a randomized complete block design replicated thrice. The factors imposed were 2,4-D (0, 5 and 10 ppm ha−1) and NPK 15:15:15 (0, 100, 200 and 300 kg ha−1). Data were collected on vegetative traits (plant height, number of leaves, leaf area) and yield components (number of capsules per plant; yield per plant and per hectare). The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Genstat statistical package 17th edition and significant means were separated by using the least significant difference at 5% level of probability. The result revealed that using plant growth regulator and NPK fertilizer had significant effects (p<0.05) on plant height (151 cm) and yield per hectare (530 kg/ha). The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the seeds further reaffirmed the presence of bioactive compounds, such as saponins, tannins, flavonoids and phenolic compounds, which are important health promoting food in the seeds.
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Behera, S. "Influence of Plant Growth Regulators on Chlorophyll Content of Different Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Cultivars." International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience 5, no. 5 (November 30, 2017): 1439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18782/2320-7051.5794.
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Montoya Bazán, José Leonardo, Eduardo Fidel Héctor Ardisana, Antonio Torres García, and Osvaldo Fosado Téllez. "Crecimiento y rendimiento del ajonjolí (Sesamum indicum L.) bajo la acción de dos bioles." La Técnica: Revista de las Agrociencias. ISSN 2477-8982, no. 22 (December 18, 2019): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.33936/la_tecnica.v0i22.1932.
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Growth and yield of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) under the action of two bioles
Resumen
Los estudios sobre alternativas orgánicas de fertilización son una tendencia mundial, por su incidencia favorable en el consumo saludable de alimentos y la preservación del ambiente. En ese contexto se produce esta investigación, cuyo objetivo fue evaluar las respuestas del crecimiento y el rendimiento del ajonjolí (Sesamum indicum L.) a la aplicación de dos bioles. Para ello se empleó un diseño de bloques al azar con tres réplicas y cuatro tratamientos: Biol 1 (estiércol bovino y residuos diversos), Biol 2 (microorganismos eficientes), fertilización química (urea, superfosfato triple y cloruro de potasio 50-25-50) y suelo sin fertilizar. Se evaluaron dos variables del crecimiento (altura de carga y altura de la planta) y cuatro variables del rendimiento (longitud de las cápsulas, cápsulas por planta, semillas por cápsula y rendimiento en t.ha-1). No se obtuvieron diferencias significativas debidas a los tratamientos en las variables del crecimiento. En las variables del rendimiento, la fertilización química produjo rendimientos significativamente superiores a los bioles, y los rendimientos alcanzados con estos fueron siempre superiores a los obtenidos de las plantas no fertilizadas. Se recomienda estudiar el efecto de otras dosis de los bioles y combinarlos cn fertilizantes químicos como alternativa orgánica que permita obtener rendimientos similares a un menor costo ambiental.
Palabras clave: bioles; ajonjolí; Sesamum indicum L.; bioestimulantes.
Abstract
Studies on organic fertilization alternatives are a global trend, due to their favorable impact on the healthy consumption of food and the preservation of the environment. In this context, this research is carried out, whose objective was to evaluate the growth and yield responses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to the application of two bioles. For this, a randomized block design with three replications and four treatments was used: Biol 1 (bovine manure and various wastes), Biol 2 (efficient microorganisms), chemical fertilization (urea, triple superphosphate and potassium chloride 50-25-50) and soil without fertilizing. Two variables of the growth (height of load and height of the plant) and four variables of the yield were evaluated (length of the capsules, capsules by plant, seeds by capsule and yield in t.ha-1). No significant differences were obtained due to the treatments in the growth variables. In the yield variables, chemical fertilization produced yields significantly higher than bioles, and the yields achieved with them were always higher than those obtained from unfertilized plants. It is recommended to study the effect of other doses of bioles and combine them with chemical fertilizers as an organic alternative that allows to obtain similar yields at a lower environmental cost.
Keywords: bioles; sesame; Sesamum indicum L.; biostimulants
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Savaliya, VA, CM Bhaliya, PB Marviya, and LF Akbari. "EVALUATION OF PHYTOEXTRACTS AGAINST MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI) GOID CAUSING ROOT ROT OF SESAME." Journal of Biopesticides 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2015): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.57182/jbiopestic.8.2.116-119.
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Occurrence of root rot disease in sesame has become a major constraint for cultivation of sesame in Junagadh district of Gujarat State (India). Considering the fact, the following investigation was carried out for this pathological problem. The efficacy of various botanicals were evaluated against Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid causing root rot of sesame. The phytoextracts of nine plant species were evaluated in vitro by poisoned food technique against M. phaseolina. The extract of garlic cloves (Allium sativum L.) was proved excellent with maximum inhibiting (77.65 %) mycelial growth and scanty sclerotial formation followed by onion bulb extract (Allium cepa L.) (63.98%). while least growth inhibition (32.34 %) was recorded in ginger rhizome extract
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Mondal, Sovan, Shikha Singh, and Anu Nawhal. "Influence of Sources of Sulphur and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 13, no. 9 (August 1, 2023): 2507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2023/v13i92484.
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A field experiment was carried out during kharif 2022 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Naini Agriculture Institute, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, (UP). The soil had a sandy loam texture, with a pH of 7.5, organic carbon (0.625%) and EC (0.564 m.m cm-1), Nitrogen (278.48 kg ha-1), Phosphorus (38.2 kg ha-1) and Potassium (240.7 kg ha-1). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design with nine treatments and control which are replicated thrice based on one year of experimentation. The treatments consisted of 3 levels of source of sulphur (Gypsum 300 kg/ha-1, Single super phosphate 20 kg/ha-1, Elementary Sulphur 40 kg/ha-1) and zinc (5, 10, 15 kg/ha-1) as a Basal application and a control. The application of Gypsum 300 kg/ha-1 + Zinc 15 kg/ha-1 recorded significantly higher Plant height (110.73 cm), Plant dry weight (15.71 g/plant), number of Capsules/plant (51.40), Seeds/capsules (55.47), Test weight (2.70 g), Seed yield (1.07 t/ha) were recorded with the treatment of Gypsum 300 kg/ha + Zinc 15 kg/ha.
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Naveed, Muhammad, Syeda Sosan Bukhari, Adnan Mustafa, Allah Ditta, Saud Alamri, Mohamed A. El-Esawi, Munazza Rafique, Sobia Ashraf, and Manzer H. Siddiqui. "Mitigation of Nickel Toxicity and Growth Promotion in Sesame through the Application of a Bacterial Endophyte and Zeolite in Nickel Contaminated Soil." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (November 28, 2020): 8859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238859.
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Nickel (Ni) bioavailable fraction in the soil is of utmost importance because of its involvement in plant growth and environmental feedbacks. High concentrations of Ni in the soil environment, especially in the root zone, may retard plant growth that ultimately results in reduced plant biomass and yield. However, endophytic microorganisms have great potential to reduce the toxicity of Ni, especially when applied together with zeolite. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the potential effects of an endophytic bacterium Caulobacter sp. MN13 in combination with zeolite on the physiology, growth, quality, and yield of sesame plant under normal and Ni stressed soil conditions through possible reduction of Ni uptake. Surface sterilized sesame seeds were sown in pots filled with artificially Ni contaminated soil amended with zeolite. Results revealed that plant agronomic attributes such as shoot root dry weight, total number of pods, and 1000-grains weight were increased by 41, 45, 54, and 65%, respectively, over control treatment, with combined application of bacteria and zeolite in Ni contaminated soil. In comparison to control, the gaseous exchange parameters (CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration rate, stomatal- sub-stomatal conductance, chlorophyll content, and vapor pressure) were significantly enhanced by co-application of bacteria and zeolite ranging from 20 to 49% under Ni stress. Moreover, the combined utilization of bacteria and zeolite considerably improved water relations of sesame plant, in terms of relative water content (RWC) and relative membrane permeability (RMP) along with improvement in biochemical components (protein, ash, crude fiber, fat), and micronutrients in normal as well as in Ni contaminated soil. Moreover, the same treatment modulated the Ni-stress in plants through improvement in antioxidant enzymes (AEs) activities along with improved Ni concentration in the soil and different plant tissues. Correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) further revealed that combined application of metal-tolerant bacterium Caulobacter sp. MN13 and zeolite is the most influential strategy in alleviating Ni-induced stress and subsequent improvement in growth, yield, and physio-biochemical attributes of sesame plant.
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Ahmad, Farhan, Junaid Ahmad, Haq Nawaz, Muhammad Waseem Abbas, Minhaj Ali Shah, Sarmad Iqbal, Zahid Mehmood, and Mehran Ali. "Influence of sulphur and potassium levels on yield and yield attribute of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries 5, no. 2 (September 9, 2018): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v5i2.38050.
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A field experiment on influence of sulphur and potassium levels on yield and yield attributes of sesame was conducted in Agronomy Research Farm, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) during Kharif season, 2017. Varying levels of sulphur (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-l) and potassium (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-l) were applied to experimental plots. The results revealed that sesame significantly responded to the application of sulphur and potassium up to 50 kg ha-l for growth, quality, yield and yield attributes of sesame. The taller plant (76.83 cm), maximum number of branches per plant (3.87), more number of capsules per plant (43.82), more number of seeds per capsules (59.36), maximum seed yield (673 kg ha-1), maximum stover yield (1078 kg ha-1), more oil content (48.76 %) and maximum oil yield (291.7 kg ha-1) were noticed where 50 kg ha-1 sulphur treated. On the contrary taller plant (76.97 cm), maximum number of branches per plant (3.93), more number of capsules per plant (42.77), more number of seeds per capsules (59.36), maximum seed yield (617 kg ha-1), maximum stover yield (1043 kg ha-1), more oil content (48.65 %) and maximum oil yield (286.6 kg ha-1) were recorded from 50 kg ha-1 potassium treatments.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 147-150, August 2018
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REDDY, M. SURYA PRAKASH, M. SANTHA LAKSHMI PRASAD, SUBHASH SRI SANJAY MALEMPATI, JAWAHARLAL, and K.T. RAMYA. "INFLUENCE OF NUTRIENTS SOURCE ON RADIAL GROWTH OF MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA (TASSI.) GOID." Asian Journal of Microbiology, Biotechnology & Environmental Sciences 24, no. 04 (2022): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/ajmbes.2022.v24i04.026.
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Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is oil seed crop of India and asian countries mostly preferred due to rich in its edible oil content (50%) and protein (23%) and having sufficient carbohydrate (15%). Macrophomina phaseolina is a soil borne phytopathogenic fungus having a wide host range of about 500 cultivated and wild plant species worldwide. In the present investigation nineteen nutrients were tested against Macrophomina phaseolina at 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm concentrations that enhanced mycelial growth but lowest mycelial growth was recorded on Monoammonium phosphate and Ferrous sulphate over control. All the nutrients significantly influenced growth of test fungi when compared with control under In vitro conditions.
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Thuc, Le Vinh, Jun-Ichi Sakagami, Le Thanh Hung, Tran Ngoc Huu, Nguyen Quoc Khuong, and Le Ly Vu Vi. "Foliar selenium application for improving drought tolerance of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)." Open Agriculture 6, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2021-0222.
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Abstract Drought is the main constraint for crop growth worldwide. Selenium reportedly plays an important role in improving plant tolerance to drought stress. In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of foliar selenium application on the drought tolerance of sesame. Five selenium concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/L) were used in the first experiment. Water deficit was triggered 25 days after sowing. The application of 5 or 10 mg/L of selenium maintained the number of leaves and increased the number of capsules. However, higher concentrations induced necrosis. The second experiment aimed to study the effect of selenium concentrations (5 and 10 mg/L) and the number of applications (one to three times). Drought stress was triggered 50 days after sowing, and selenium was sprayed 50, 55, and 60 days after sowing. The results indicated that a one-time foliar selenium application of 5 mg/L was able to maintain the number of leaves and to increase proline accumulation, plant biomass, and grain weight per plant. This finding confirms that selenium can be applied to enhance sesame’s tolerance to drought stress.
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Wacal, Cosmas, Naoki Ogata, Daniel Basalirwa, Takuo Handa, Daisuke Sasagawa, Robert Acidri, Tadashi Ishigaki, et al. "Growth, Seed Yield, Mineral Nutrients and Soil Properties of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) as Influenced by Biochar Addition on Upland Field Converted from Paddy." Agronomy 9, no. 2 (January 27, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9020055.
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Sesame is an important oilseed crop cultivated worldwide. However, research has focused on biochar effects on grain crops and vegetable and there is still a scarcity of information of biochar addition on sesame. This study was to assess the effect of biochar addition on sesame performance, with a specific emphasis on growth, yield, leaf nutrient concentration, seed mineral nutrients, and soil physicochemical properties. A field experiment was conducted on an upland field converted from paddy at Tottori Prefecture, Japan. Rice husk biochar was added to sesame cropping at rates of 0 (F), 20 (F+20B), 50 (F+50B) and 100 (F+100B) t ha−1 and combined with NPK fertilization in a first cropping and a second cropping field in 2017. Biochar addition increased plant height, yield and the total number of seeds per plant more in the first cropping than in the second cropping. The F+50B significantly increased seed yield by 35.0% in the first cropping whereas the F+20B non-significantly increased seed yield by 25.1% in the second cropping. At increasing biochar rates, plant K significantly increased while decreasing Mg whereas N and crude protein, P and Ca were non-significantly higher compared to the control. Soil porosity and bulk density improved with biochar addition while pH, exchangeable K, total N, C/N ratio and CEC significantly increased with biochar, but the effect faded in the second cropping. Conversely exchangeable Mg and its plant tissue concentration decreased due to competitive ion effect of high K from the biochar. Biochar addition is effective for increasing nutrient availability especially K for sesame while improving soil physicochemical properties to increase seed yield, growth and seed mineral quality.
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PAPASTYLIANOU, Panayiota, Dimitrios BILALIS, and Ilias TRAVLOS. "Effect of Limited Drip Irrigation Regime on Yield and Yield Components of Sesame under Mediterranean Conditions." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Horticulture 74, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-hort:12639.
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Sesame is one of the most important oilseed crops in the world. Irrigation is of great importance to sesame production due to its positive effect on growth parameters. Although sesame has good drought tolerance compared with many other crops, it is particularly susceptible to drought damage during the seedling, flowering and seed filling stages and this can lead to yield loss. The aim of this study was to determine the response of sesame landraces to different irrigation applications during the 2015 growing season. The experiment was set up as a split plot design with three replicates, four main plots (irrigation treatments, designated as 100%, 75% 50% and 0 of the daily crop evapotranspiration) and two sub-plots (sesame landraces, Limnos and Evros). Different characteristics such as plant height, number of seeds per capsule, and number of capsules per plant, seed yield, 1000-seed weight and % capsules without seeds, were recorded. The results indicated that all traits except 1000-seed weight were significantly affected by irrigation regimes. Plant height, shattering losses and number of capsules per plant decreased with increasing water shortage. Seed yield and number of seeds per capsule were less affected by irrigation level and showed higher values in the 50% of the daily crop evapotranspiration treatment. Limnos produced higher seed yield and number of seeds per capsule under all irrigation regimes. Evros showed higher plant height and shattering losses than Limnos. The results of this study suggest that sesame landraces can use water efficiently, are locally adapted and associated with traditional farming systems.