Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Services des incendies – Histoire'
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Sillans, Cyrille. ""Au service du Diable" : pour une histoire de la gestion des risques : incendies et organisations de secours : Lyon, 1852-1913." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/sillans_c.
Full textDestructive phenomenon fear since the first times the urban civilizations, the fire and its demonstrations are going to undergo profound and significant one alteration over the XIXth century. Of destroyers of an important spatial area, flames are going gradually to give way to more punctual events. By leaning on the precise example of the city of Lyons, more particulary on the going périod from 1852 till 1913, comment supports specifying the golden age of the safety sets on fire. Resuming the analysis of this risk, the composition of fire brigades and the exercice of his service, constituting the three times of the search, evolution makes categorical. I n a more developed way, let us say that transformation takes place under a demonstration which takes into account : - the influence of the cultural development and the industrial revolution , - the establishment of precautionary measures and standarts of construction , - the education of the populations , the development of the reflection and the rational observation , - the intervention of authorities , - technical progress and in realized networks-concerning communications and adduction of waters , creation and institutionalization of fire brigades, then their evolution of voluntary organization , - invention or modernization of the materials of help. It's the group of measures sets on fire bequeathed to our contemporary urban societies which consequently analyses. This even logical apply to the repertoire of the materials being at the moment a part of the urban and security landscape of our social environment. More significantly,it's the interpretation of fire brigades as organ of the social patrimony which emerge, soldiers of fire become gradually professional of the help which that is urgency
Bury, Jacques. "Des villes à l’épreuve du feu ? Autorités publiques, pompiers, policiers et gendarmes face à l’incendie au XIXe siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL086.
Full textAccidental fire is an ancient risk in cities, which took on new forms and intensity in the 19th century under the dual effect of urbanisation and industrialisation. The new "urban fire regimes" are characterised by the co-presence of strong vulnerabilities and behavioural hazards that make this risk omnipresent and unpredictable. In this respect, spectacular fires feed iconographic and literary representations marked by a fascination for the spectacle of the "beautiful horror". The fight against fire was then, as in the modern era, a matter for the 'good police' of the city, which resulted in a close interweaving of municipal and central powers. These public authorities continued the institutionalization of the pump guards that had begun under the Ancien Régime, by working to create fire brigades. In the field, firefighting practices were initially concentrated on high-risk areas (theatres, workshops, factories, halls, department stores), revealing the authorities' normative ambition with regard to architecture and behaviour. This public safety issue is reflected in a fight against the time, which leads to major innovations in terms of prevention, forecasting and equipment. Nevertheless, firefighting remains a high-risk practice, which leads to a highly valued representation of firefighters, culminating in the tributes paid to the "victims of duty"
Derboulles, Laurent. "Quel territoire pour le service public d'incendie et de secours ? : réflexion sur la départementalisation /." Paris ; Montréal (Québec) ; Budapest [etc.] : l'Harmattan, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37222398z.
Full textGénovèse, Marc. "La responsabilité des services de secours." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE0026.
Full textSchmauch, Jean-François. "Identification et description des trois principales écoles d'organisation des services ayant en charge de répondre aux situations d'urgence. Analyse et comparaison de la rationalité, de l'efficacité et de la rentabilité de ces services à partir de la résolution d'équations simples s'écrivant sous la forme générale f(risques, moyens opérationnels, délais d'intervention)." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EVRY0012.
Full textMost Fire and Rescue services and Medical Emergency services are organised along the lines of one of two schools originating in the United Kingdom and in Germany. In order to present these schools we first decided to analyse the history of the regulations they operate under, by writing them in the form of a generic equation: f(Risks, Operational Resources, Time to attend). Fundamental differences regarding officer status, allocation, operational resources quality and quantity, recording of planned vs. Actual performance indicators, etc. Became apparent. We then solved the proposed equation for Austria, Denmark, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland and France. Finally, we demonstrated the cost-efficiency of Fire and Rescue services and Medical Emergency services when considered in association with the economic structures they have to protect
Derboulles, Laurent. "Contribution a l'etude du service public local d'incendie et de secours." Reims, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REIMD001.
Full textSablayrolles, Robert. "Les cohortes de vigiles." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040048.
Full textCreated by Augustus for fire prevention, the cohorts of vigils underwent a significant change during their four century-long life : a troop of freedmen of the familia publica type at the start, they progressively acquired a status similar to that of the urban forces and the traditional army. If, in effect, the vigils were used as soldiers as early as the first century, their legal situation evolved more slowly. That force nearing 3500 men under Augustus - was progressively increased, possibly under Domitian, and without any doubt under Septimius Severus. The recruitment, which was restricted to freedmen at the time of Augustus, extended to free men as early as the second century and even to some roman citizens. Chiefly of Italian origin in the second century, the recruits later came from more distant areas, particularly under Septimius Severus. It is possible that, under Gallienus, detachments of vigils have been incorporated in the mobil the number of soldiers was still reduced by Diocletian, and the cohorts were final- ly suppressed about 370 a. D. Of the original institution there only remained the prefect, who was by then under the authority of the urban prefect. The prosopographical study underlines the prefect's functions: in military matters, he was under the authority of no one except the emperor, and in judicial matters his power applied to numerous fields. Centurions, tribunes and sub-prefects followed the traditional careers. The soldier's ambitions were more modest : access to frumentum publicum after a three year service, guaranteed livelihood at Rome, possible promotion to the rank of principalis, and, at last, missio. To perform their main duty - fire prevention - , the vigils were organized as a patrolling force and, in the course of their night patrols, they were also able to perform police duties, at Rome and at ostia. So, they guarded Rome against a peril that was omnipresent in daily life and in the people's minds : the burning of the city
Sillans, Cyrille Lequin Yves-Claude. ""Au service du Diable"." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/2000/sillans_c.
Full textRohart, Ludovic. "La représentation politique et professionnelle des sapeurs-pompiers de la Troisième République à nos jours." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL20012.
Full textThis work deals with the institutionalisation of fire-fighters in France between the beginnings of the Third Republic and the present day. It looks again at the myths which surround fire services :- the so-called " fire soldier " or regular fireman and the " volunteer " fireman. The image of the " fire soldier " came into being at the end of the 19th century in fact whereas until that time main role was the maintaining of public order. This metamorphosis was the result of a long process during which a group of players strived in this direction, linked by a common interest in disarming the fire-fighters and taking away from them some of their military attributes. This work was first of all fruit of the national federation of fire-fighters made up of dignitaries who embraced the republican ideals and were satisfied to see their businesses protected against the fire risk. This body found an ally in the State. The public authorities were trying to impose an institutinal system and were statisfied to see the disarming of the fire-fighters, a potential danger in the hands of the town councillors. They did not fail to take advantage of this situation in order to set up, with the backing of the federation, a single fire-fighter status and assert its pre-eminence aver the organisation of fire services. On account of the social and political role of the fire-fighters at the local level, the members of Parliament took up their cause within the parliamentary arena. The internalisation of the new role assigned to the fire-fighters was awquired through the setting in place of competitions for fire-fighting exercises and fire-engines by the federation. The politicians, the press and the manufacturers of fire-fighting equipment took the opportunity to redefine the image of the fire-fighter. Without presenting a single front, the various players in the fire insurance field helped to stenghten this phenomenon. The mutual insurance system for instance authorised the federation to reward the fire-fighters for giving up their arms – the former incentive to recruitment. The singel status set in place by the State and the federation was challenged by the local authorities, in particular the largest among them, on political and social grounds. Architects and other officers employed by them produced a professional status which was in opposition to the republican model. After the second world war, these two models continued to be in opposition to one another, but the increase in the number of interventions and their diversification and technical nature, such as the changes made to the territorial organisational framework of the fire services, contributed to the decline in the volunteer services. The image of the volunteer fireman only continued to exist thanks to a retranslation of the policy and the symbolic work performed by the federation
Rimbert, Nicolas. "Contribution à l'étude de la pulvérisation et de la dispersion dans l'air de fluides newtoniens et non-newtoniens : application aux largages aériens d'eau et de fluide retardant." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL007N.
Full textThe topic ofthis thesis is the modeling of the aerial dropping ofwater and retardant fluid by an airplane on a wildland fire. There are several levels of understanding: from qualitative description to fine prediction of the influence of the retardant fluid rheology on the spreading of the cloud. Most domains of fluid mechanics are concerned: turbulence and statistical mechanics, multiphase flows and complex fluid rheology. First part of this thesis is a bibliographical and qualitative study of characteristic scales of the problem. Emphasis is put on the similarity between aerial dropping and turbulent mixing in the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Kinetic and potential energy in a typical dropping are around three and two mega Joules respectively and Reynolds number may be as high as 109, ln the second part, French retardant fluid rheological properties are studied. Lt is a mixture of water, ammonium polyphosphate, attapulgites clay, guar gum and iron oxides. Lt bas a complex rheological behavior but elasticity is quickly decreasing under shear stress so it can be efficiently modeled using a simple power-law viscosity. Third part develops a self-sitnilar stochastic process akin to a fragmentation equation whose solutions are given using P. Lévy stable laws. Lt is then shown from comparison with experimental data that it helps in fitting some experimental data in atomization study and may especially give a better fit to the small drop part of the p. D. F. Other spray characteristics (like intensity or Sauter mean diameter) may be efficiently computed using these p. D. F. Fourth part is a derivation of one-fluid and two-fluid macroscopic model of biphasic medium by averaging the microscopic equations. The notion of interfacial area concentration is developed in Ibis framework. A balance equation is calculated and necessary closure equations are obtained using extended irreversible thermodynatnics. Ln the fifth part, simulations of the dropping were divided in two stages: a trap opening stage computed on a fine mesh and a cloud spreading stage computed on a coarser mesh. Final solution of the trap opening stage is used to initialize the cloud spreading stage using a mesh coarsening method based on Germano's generalized central moments in order to compute new turbulent quantities
Riedel, Marc. "Une recherche-action chez les sapeurs-pompiers : Perspectives conatives sur les dynamiques sociales d’un Service Départemental d’Incendie et de Secours." Paris 9, 2011. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2011PA090075.
Full textOperational activity exposes firemen to danger and often leads them to touch the frontiers of society or the limits of the human body. Mobilisation of their body in these conditions bears upon their attitudes, their perceptions, their decision making and problem solving process, building the planting of the firemen’s operational culture. Dissonant relations this latter could maintain with administrative culture has an impact on the functioning of fire and rescue services. The exploration of this issue and the search for acculturation, with an eye to facilitate the functioning of the fire and rescue service welcoming the researcher, has been realised through an action-research process dealing with: Complete immersion of the researcher in the operational world (training, interventions), and in administrative world, allowing him to refer on this double experience in an analogical way when interacting with firemen, and to tackle the epistemological posture of the sociologist in an original way. A perspective of endogenous development referring on knowledge, skills, attitudes, think/act modes, and symbolical resources of operational culture The creation and the sustaining of a network of “marginal-sécant” persons that have a liberty of passage between both cultures The use of breaching and conative training skills, allowing to catalyze awareness, providing the physical mobilization of the firemen’s administrative managers, the mediation function of the action research, and agreement between groups and individuals This approach has contributed to make a democratic culture emerging in the administrative functioning of the fire and rescue service
Rapp, Jules. "Histoire d'une entreprise d'électricité : la compagnie générale d'électricité." Paris 10, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA100203.
Full textGadaud, Juliette. "Une approche économique de la rémunération pour services rendus en forêt privée : le cas de l'accueil du public." Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40059.
Full textFree-access recreation in private forest property is gaining importance with the increasing social demand for forest-based recreation. The amended French Forest Law of 2001 encourages the implementation of financial incentive schemes to maintain an open-access forest for nature-based recreation activities, which are largely public goods. This thesis aims at opening debate on the definition of the payment schemes for the supply of outdoor recreation services by the forest owners. This debate cannot be made without the consideration of the fire risk issues due to public access. Because of the importance of the fire damages, we focus on the compensation in terms of the demand for insurance of an increasing risk due to public access. Our analysis leans on the case study in the Landes district in France. The analysis of the landowners' insurance demand reveals that the risk perception and the forest amenity valuation influence their choice to accept or not the public access contract. To take into account these results, we develop a contingent valuation in order to estimate forest landowners' willingness to accept for several constraints as a measure of the financial compensation they ask for in exchange of forest amenity values lowering by public recreational use management plan. The forest owners' perception of fire risk and of uncertainty due to free recreational use has an important impact on the forest owners' contractual choice. In terms of public policies, we conclude that a better communication on the fire risk and a better consideration of the amenity value would return more attractive contracts
Chevreuil, Sébastien. "Facteurs d'implication des sapeurs-pompiers volontaires français : une perspective managériale." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009VERS016S.
Full textThis research examines how to explain and increase organizational commitment of Volunteer Firefighters (VF) of French Fire Departments (FD). In the first part, we intend to fill a gap of organizational knowledge on French Fire Departments. Using a multidisciplinary approach, we demonstrate FD can be considered, in a certain extent, as a Mintzberg’s professional bureaucracy, involving complex relationship between Career Firefighters and VF. In the second part, we question the commonly accepted idea of “volunteer crisis”. An exploratory study partly undermines such statement but show some concerns for sustainability of such a model. For this reason, FD needs to increase effort and to find new ways to attract and retain VF. Research data is made up of a qualitative study (47 semi-directive interviews). A quantitative study (173 questionnaires, return rate 52%) were held to broaden findings of the qualitative study. In the third part, findings are presented and discussed along with their practical implications. Findings are divided in two parts: environmental factors and organizational factors of VF commitment. Environmental factors have a strong influence on decision to apply and to last for a long time in FD. Managing environmental factors can turn out to be productive but has to be done by circuitous ways. Amongst organizational factors of VF commitment, operational activities come to first rank. VF commitment seems to be negatively correlated with brigade’ size and more precisely seems depend on the presence or not of Career Firefighters in brigade. Finally, in order to present profile and assess brigades’ attractiveness for VF, a 4-dimension model is developped
Pottier, Philippe. "Evolution des plans de secours en france : role des services d'aide medicale urgente." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M072.
Full textDuroy, Stéphane. "Contribution à l'étude d'un service public local : la distribution d'eau potable." Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020106.
Full textPoutout, Anne-Hélène. "La psychiatrie militaire : grandes lignes historiques, perspectives d'avenir." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2M149.
Full textPiret, Nadine. "Le bilinguisme fonctionnel du gouvernement ontarien, ou, Les origines et la réception des services en français, 1976-1986." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq26356.pdf.
Full textVidal, Renaud. "La haute fiabilité comme gestion de la tension entre le contrôle et l'écoute : l'étude empirique des opérations de secours." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32070.
Full textThe frequency and impact of large wildland fires have been increasing for the past 20 years, due to the conjunction of three long term trends: global warming, growing wildland-urban interface and increase in biomass. As a result, enhancing organizational reliability in Incident Management Teams is becoming increasingly important. Examining how firefighters face large disasters is also relevant for organization studies because these situations offer a perspective on organizing and sensemaking. Indeed, firefighters are under conflicting organizational requirements: stabilizing the sense of situations for effective collective action (control processes) and reassessing situations to detect and adapt to unexpected changes (mindful processes). Control focuses on lessons learned, capitalizes on success, ignores noise, simplifies, values anticipation and direct attention on plans and strategies. Mindfulness focuses on improvising, detects weak signals, is reluctant to simplify, values resilience and interpersonal relationships.The central hypothesis of this research is that the successful management of these opposite requirements is an important source of operational reliability. The research is based on a comparison between two territories (the American West and Southern France) and combines several methods: direct observation of firefighting operations, direct observation of Incident Management Teams trainings, the analysis of available archival data, as well as controlled experiments on a France’s Civil Protection simulation training platform
Carmagnat, Fanny. "Innovation socio-technique et service public : Contribution à l'histoire des cabines téléphoniques publiques en France au XX° siècle." Paris 13, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA131013.
Full textClavet, Michel. "Étude comparative des politiques publiques provinciales de santé, 1974-1993, quel est l'impact du politique sur les dépenses?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0017/NQ48529.pdf.
Full textNadot, Michel. "Des "médiologues" de santé à Fribourg ? : histoire et épistémologie d'une science soignante non médicale (1744-1944), exposée aujourd'hui dans les écoles d'infirmières." Lyon 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO20038.
Full textDiscovering unclassified first hand texts, from two laity swiss french hospitals of the 18th century, the author identifies three systems of value that "non-medical" care-givers can carry out in their action norms. We also discover why the founders of the first french swiss school of laity nurses in the world, established to deliver diplomas, which, by definition, they didn't possess. A change in this practive was made when the intentions of the founders of school work, bacame the intentions of the first educators. Placing himself in a new model perspective, the author proposes the "mediologie of health" as a fundamental science of practical, which consist of caring for. . . . . . . This research accounts for in it's globality, the birth of the education system for care in switzerland between 1744 and 1944
Stansfield, Christian J. R. "Turnkey to case manager, the professionalisation of the correctional officer, Headingley Correctional Institution, Manitoba, 1930-1996." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57582.pdf.
Full textDonnet, Arnaud. "La territorialisation des services d'incendie et de secours fondée sur l'expertise de la dissociation des compétences." Thesis, Reims, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REIMD005/document.
Full textThe French fire and rescue services can be regarded as atypical public institutions. Made of voluntary as well as professional personnel, they are indeed situated at a crossroads between two legal abilities, and, consequently, they regard both centralization and decentralization. The operational ability is connected to the power of administrative police that is to say to the central State. It allows to command the whole of the human and material resources detained by the fire and rescue services. The managerial ability concerns the implementation of a public service rooted in territorial closeness. Indeed the fire defense was spontaneously initiated in the local communities, which explains why it remains intrinsically bound to decentralization and why it could never be transferred by the State to local authorities. Then, the French fire and rescue services are situated at the very heart of a complex architecture because, although rooted in localness and financed by decentralized entities, they operate equally on the entire national territory in order to implement a kingly mission consisting in protecting population, properties and the environment. However the recent territorial reforms undertaken by the French government have resulted in the outbreak of new challenges for the civil security services, so that it is now necessary to consider what will be the future of these public institutions. The analysis of the legal substance which is part of both abilities allows us to highlight the abstract logic which is at the core of the current organization of fire and help brigades, and therefore to propose some ways of modernizing them, based on the principle of civil protection as well as on that of subsidiarity.Keywords : Rescue services, atypical public institutions, centralization, decentralization, operational ability, power of administrative police, managerial ability of proximity, kingly mission, recent reform state and of the local government agencies, new challenges of the civil security, legal substance of two competences, modernization based on the concept of civil protection
Verge, Michel. "Les officiers généraux de la marine royale, 1715-1774 : origines - condition - services." Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100092.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to show the social and professional history of the general officers of the french royal navy during Louis XV’s reign. It includes the lineage and the careers of the 131 squadron commanders, general lieutenants of the royal navy, vice-admiral of the Levant and the Ponant, and french admirals on duty between 1715 and 1774, and the detailed list of the 64 general officiers from the royal navy during Louis XIV’s reign. It’s divided into 15 tomes. Tome 1: Handwritten and printed sources. Tome 2 : sailors raised to the peerage. Tome 3 : Usurped names. Tome 4 : Officiers from Provence. Tome 5 : Officers from Normandy. Tome 6 : Officers from Poitou. Tome 7 : officers from the coast line. Tome 8 Officers from inland. Tome 9 : Officers from Paris. Tome 10 : Officers from the royal court. Tome 11 : Conclusions. Tome 12 : Surnames index (14 329 names). Tome 13 : Names of the different places (4000 names), and vessels. Tome 14 : Appendix :first part one : forerunners of each general officer. Tome 15 : Appendix: second part two: career of the general officers; list of the marine state secretaries, of the French vice-admirals; of port commanders; of the great cross of St-Louis; of the rank-promotions and so on…This thesis studies more particulary the recruiting and the evolution of the various general officers. During Louis XIV’s reign, the general officers were issued from famous families from the court or from Paris, whereas during Louis XV’s one, they were the very children of marine officers from Provence or Brittany. Colbert’s heterogeneous corps gets more and more homogeneous, the marine becoming a more and more hereditary establishment. During the Old Regime, the corps remains the picture of a society of clans, studied from a genealogical, social and financial point of view. On the one hand, the increase of the number of top executives and the ever growing number of old general officers are the negative aspects of this corps. On the other hand, this corps gets more and more trained and gives the marine its own identity. Because of its size and the density of the information we can find in it, this work may be regarded as a basic reference to the society of the Old Regime and the maritime history in the 17th and 18th centuries, as well as a good example of research work from a methodological and case study point of view
Beltran, Alain. "L'énergie électrique dans la région parisienne entre 1878 et 1946 : production, distribution et consommation d'électricité dans le département de la Seine." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040405.
Full textHistory of electricity supply and electricity consumption in the Seine district between the 1878 universal exhibition and the 1946 nationalization of the French electricity supply industry
Donovan, Patrick. "The boundaries of charity : the impact of ethnic relations on private charitable services for Quebec city's English-speakers, 1759-1900." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33774.
Full textThis thesis examines the private charitable sector for English-speakers in Quebec City from 1759 to 1900. It provides an overview of poor relief associations, the needs they addressed, and the gaps that remained. The role of private charities increased over the period studied, and that of the state decreased. Compassion toward the poor also increased, leading to new types of charitable organizations for the underclass. Despite this, the prison system served as a refuge to fill gaps in the private charitable sector. More specifically, this study demonstrates how changes in ethno-religious relations shaped the charity network. In the first half century after the Conquest of Quebec, British authorities supported the Catholic charitable infrastructure established during the French regime, which was unusual within the British Empire. After 1815, as immigration from Britain and Ireland increased, lay private voluntary associations emerged, including many that involved elite cooperation across religious and linguistic lines. Instances of cooperation decreased from 1835 to 1855 due to rising ethnic boundaries caused by the defeat of Patriote republicanism, an increase in religious practice, the establishment of separate confessional schools, and a new type of Irish-Catholic nationalism following the Great Famine. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, the private charitable sector became sharply divided into three parallel networks with hardly any overlap: one for Francophone Catholics, one for English-speaking Irish Catholics, and one for English-speaking Protestants. Two core institutions founded in the 1850s, Saint Bridget’s Asylum and the Ladies’ Protestant Home, cemented the divide. Rare attempts to challenge these boundaries resulted in tension and even violence. Despite these divisions, there was a greater mutual respect of established boundaries among communities than in most North American cities.
Chaptal, Philippe. "Le patrimoine immobilier des services départementaux d'incendie et de secours : consistance et évolutions." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10428.
Full textThe modern day local Fire Rescue Services have arisen through the will of the French administration who by an Act of May 3 1996 created autonomous public institutions with specified shared missions in order to manage one of the oldest public services in the world that being the rescue and the fight against fire.The adopted measures, consistent with past history and the traditional French administration nevertheless raise certain questions concerning the true nature of the Fire Rescue Services because even if the specific criteria inherent to public service establishments is respected the no less important autonomy of these establishments should be carefully considered.In order to carry out their public service missions the Fire and Rescue Services not only require buildings to house personnel and departmental vehicules but also to provide training and house to the required administration.This real estate is primarily inherited from the local community and public establishments formerly holding fire authority (EPCI), the majority have been made available free of charge as permitted by law, however few communities have chosen to legally transfer the freehold property to the Local Fire and Rescue Service, which therefore puts them in a delicate position both from a legal and financial point of view as investments for the future have been made on property, legally not belonging to them.Similarly, if in principle the Local Fire Rescue Services construct, acquire or lease property required to operate, some have done so on land they did not own as this has also been made available by the local community or the EPCI. The local communities historically in charge of the Fire Rescue Services have been reluctant to dispose of their land base.So what is the actual substance of this inherited real estate? Are there ways in which it could be enhanced ? If so with what objective? And finally should the local Fire Rescue Services develop a strategy to enable them to manage their real estate assets ?
Jossou, Markolf. "Coproduction de la résilience territoriale et Services d'incendie et de secours (SIS) : une lecture par les compétences et le système d'acteurs." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0415.
Full textThe thesis studies the mechanisms that generate territorial resilience potentials (TRP) for a better management of disaster risks (natural, technological, health, etc.) while questioning the role of SIS in this framework. As knowledge is a key source of resilience, we focus our reflections on the key competences and processes that constitute these mechanisms. The research is conducted in two phases. The first phase, exploratory, allows us to lay the foundations (e.g. analytical framework) to investigate different fields of study in the second phase. The latter allows for a testing of the first results through four comparative case studies with explanatory purposes (Wynn and Williams, 2012; Avenier and Thomas, 2015). The results show that co-producing the TRP is a matter of mechanisms that combine three key processes (amalgamation at the macro level, combination/recombination at the meso level, and acculturation to risk at the micro level) and four key competencies (planning, evaluation, creativity/imagination, and relationship skills). The combination of processes and key competencies promotes two major resilience mechanisms: reliability and transformation. In addition, the clarification of the ambiguous, inhibiting or favourable role of certain key factors influencing territorial strategies helps to better understand the effects that generate resilience. The SIS have to play a double role of support and structuring of the actors' networks. Our work thus contributes to meeting a triple challenge: characterizing territorial resilience, understanding its generating mechanisms and operationalizing it
Lapointe-Roy, Huguette. "Histoire sociale de Montréal, 1831-1871 : l'assistance aux pauvres." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29290.
Full textLafferty, Renée Nicole. "A very special service, day care, welfare and child development, Jost Mission Day Nursery, Halifax, 1920-1955." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0006/MQ36484.pdf.
Full textBerrezai, Cécile. ""Pompiers en colère" : de la socio-histoire des Services d’incendie et de secours aux réalités contemporaines du malaise pompier." Thesis, Nantes Université, 2022. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=cd87be4a-c3b7-4462-bfce-fc0c4e4fce10.
Full textIn October 2019, a national demonstration of professional firefighters for the revaluation of the ‘fire bonus’ led to confrontations with the police in Paris’ streets. Other national or local social movements have been observed during the last 50 years, most recently against reforms in the professional firefighter department, or in Pays de la Loire against the managerial policies associated with fire and rescue services. These public demonstrations of discontent are all the more striking as this is a corporation that embodies, in the public view, benevolence and dedication to the public cause. The firefighters' demonstrations and the tensions that run through their corporation can be understood through a socio-historical analysis of the institutionalisation of this profession, built as a singular public service, and of the contemporary transformations of the organisation of the fire services, which are subject, like so many others. to new public management strategies. This recodification of the profession of firefighters, and of what it is to be a public service, is at the root of the dissensions between firefighters. The most senior firefighters, the most socially and educationally endowed, having developed a certain economic perspective, are the most dedicated to the institution and are the most inclined to defend a vision of the profession where firefighters have no price but have a cost. Lower-grade firefighters, closer to the cause on a daily basis and the least educated, are the most affected in their career advancement as well as in their work by the budgetary logic of public services. Less in-tune with the profession’s redefinition, finding themselves in a profession that they thought brought a sense of purpose or where their value is not recognised, they tend to progressively lose the "sacred fire"
De, Souza Paulo Henrique. "L'exercice de la participation populaire à travers le Conseil national de santé au Brésil dans les années 90." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18215.
Full textLe, Jan Morgane. "Le service public postal face au droit de l’Union européenne : histoire d’un compromis (1957-2012)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA020044.
Full textIn 1957, the State is the organiser of the public postal service in France through its central administration. That same year, a treaty was signed in Rome between six European States around the idea of a common market with a delegation of sovereignty. At first, the public postal service and the Europe of the Treaty of Rome develop separately. But in the early 1980s, the political, economic and technological context evolves and Europe decides to take an active interest in the matter of the postal service. After a phase of disinterest in postal matters, we enter in a phase of confrontation; Europe submits the postal service to the competition law: monopoly, the traditional organisation of the postal service, is challenged. Moreover, the French public postal service is transformed: La Poste, independent public operator is born. Following the period of confrontation, a period of dialogue follows, bringing together the Europe of the Treaty of Rome and the States members to write the postal law. Several guidelines are adopted, focused in particular on the universal postal service. By 2012, the process of liberalisation of the postal service is complete: there is no legal monopoly in Europe. This new openness is concomitant with the digital era. The postal service must now continue to adapt to this new ideological, technological and economical context: in its form – La Poste becomes a public limited company – as well as in its mission to serve the public interest, the raison d’être of the public service, so the public postal service is reconfigured
Silva, Helena Sofia Rodrigues Ferreira da. "Soigner à l'hôpital : histoire de la profession infirmière au Portugal (1886-1955)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0020.
Full textThe aim of this work is to analyse the historical process of the hospital nursing professionalization in Portugal by defining its original characteristics, despite the French and British influences. Several factors contributed to the development of nursing as a profession especially the continuous changes in the Portuguese political and religious situation, the progress in medicine and hospitals' improvements. This. Analysis starts by describing the Portuguese historical background, underlining the role played by several religious orders and institutions such as the Misericordias in the care of the sick when nursing becomes a profession. The development of nursing as a profession requires first a training, then the organisation of a restricted group, socially recognized and with a unique identity. The existing original characteristics are revealed by examining the nursing schools from their creation until their standardisation in Portugal, pointing out their organisation as well as the training they provided. The profile and the results of the students of two private nursing schools (managed by Oporto's and Braga'sMisericordias) will be analysed in detail. We will study the evolution of the nursing profession until its regulation and the creation of a system controlling its practice. The nursing associations and their publications will also be taken into account since they contributed to exchange knowledge and to reinforce the group identity. Finally, the analysis of nursing practice at the Hospital GeraI de Santo Antonio (Oporto) enables us to understand how this practice evolved and what changed for the nursing professionals
Benitez-Eslava, Edgardo. "Réformer le service de l'eau: Histoire, système technique et régulation de firmes. Le cas du District Fédéral du Mexique (1992-2003)." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001445.
Full textFauvrelle, Marie. "Une nouvelle histoire du féminisme aux Etats-Unis : du Women’s Armed Services Integration Act de 1948 au Civil Rights Act de 1964." Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020024.
Full textIn 1948 President Harry S Truman signed the "Women's Armed Services Integration Act". This law is in fact an exploit of Senator Margaret Chase Smith, representing the state of Maine. In 1948, through the "Women's Armed Services Integration Act", Mrs Smith proposed a career to those thousands of women who saw in the army a new horizon. Only woman having been elected under the Republican banner, in the House of Representatives and the Senate, Margaret Chase Smith met Senator Joseph McCarthy, at the head of the HUAC in the Fifties. While servicewomen benefited from the" Women's Armed Services Integration Act", the other american women organized for their rights, especially through trade unions. Feminine activism was alive in the Fifties which can be seen as the “missing wave” coined by historian Dorothy Sue Cobble. This thesis, having as background the case study of some 200 women, sheds light on individuals, real women who were the main characters of historical change, namely an equality achieved through the Civil Rights Act. As the “micro histoire” of the Italian school whose researchers study these new actors of history, called “ordinary people”, this present work on McCarthyism leans on individuals representative of their gender, their race and their fight. Thus, this approach falls under the prospect for New History which Professor Paul-Marie Veyne defines as representative of “collective dimensions of the individual.” The investigations of HUAC presided by McCarthy, in the Fifties, reveal the stories of various citizens, especially women always in a struggle to lead a better life. One thousand three hundred and fifty-two books, three hundred and twelve newspaper articles and a hundred university articles concerning McCarthyism can be listed, but scarcely, if not none, of deal with the role of women called before the HUAC and the Committees of inquiry on Communism in the McCarthy years
Vezinat, Nadège. "Une professionnalisation inachevée : socio-histoire des tensions vécues par le groupe professionnel des conseillers financiers de la Poste (1953-2010)." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0056.
Full textThis thesis retraces the origin of the financial advisor position at La Poste. It analyses the emergence of a commercial position within a rapidly changing State administration. La Poste became a public limited company in 2010; symbolically, La Banque Postale was authorised at the same time to provide credit to consumers. However, it was also required to guarantee a certain number of public service missions and to settle previous, unresolved administrative tensions that were affecting its staff on a daily basis. The aim of the professionalisation process analysed in this research was not, however, to transform the professional group into a profession. Ln that sense it may partly be considered atypical. Even though it brought together the functionalist charaeteristics of the Anglo-Saxon "profession" (Wilensky 1964), it did, in fact, aim to impact on staff, thereby constituting more of a strategy for avoiding resistance through regulating the professional group than an empowerment of that group (Boussard, Demazière, Milbum, 20 10). Yet this professionalism from above was intended to ease the tension experienced by staff that were given orders, which we shall labei "prescribèd" and contradictory. The issue was settled by means of organisational changes and the postal staffs "submission", which took place because of the process of professionalism from above (Evetts, 2003). To support this theory, I have based my research approach on qualitative, quantitative, ethnographic and archival methods that are interconnected. These different types of material have been drawn together in the context of a sociology of professional groups, with the aim of analysing the occurrences that take place at group level without losing sight of what is involved in work activity, while bearing in mind the particularities involved in carrying out that work (Demazière, Gadéa, 2009)
Monteillet, Nicolas. "De la tutelle des ancêtres au libre usage des pharmacopées : histoire d'un système de soins du Cameroun." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H027.
Full textChanges undergone by African traditional medicine are more important than it is generally thought. This survey conducted in the district of Nkoteng, in the south of Cameroon, aims at reconstituting its rich ancient medical an ritual heritage. Deeply influenced by major rites (initiations) and combining social harmony and physical health, ancient medicine seems to derive from a collective pharmacological knowledge the ritual aspect of which does not exclude a great deal of pragmatism. That pharmacological approach seems to have prevailed. In combating major rites colonizers jeopardized the old therapeutic system thus linking diseases to sorcery in people's beliefs. The reluctance of colonial medicine to recognize the importance of knowledge exchange between patient and practitioner created an ambiguous relationship between colonial and popular medicine originating from the ancien system. The misunderstandings that appeared from the beginning of the first campaign against sleeping sickness have been going on to this day, made even worse by conflicts in social hierarchy. The current implosion of the hospital - based system has led to an increase in pharmaceuticals consumption that has no limitation now since the ritual practices of traditional medicine have been abandoned. In order to assess this consequences of the shifting of an ancient integrated system based on knowledge exchange under the protection of ancestors to free - not to say excessive - pharmaceuticals consumption, the current health care system has to be put back not only in the context of medical history but also in the religious and economic environment of a society now both rural and urban
Guillemot, Samuel. "Les motivations des personnes âgées au récit de vie et leurs influences sur la consommation de services biographiques." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00542744.
Full textAsselin, Maxime. "Dynamique holocène de la végétation et des feux d'un paysage contemporain dominé par des espèces de début de succession au sein de la Pessière à mousses de l'Ouest du Québec." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27176.
Full textLenormand, Marc. "Une histoire critique de l’« hiver du mécontentement » de 1978-1979- Le mouvement syndical britannique face à la crise du travaillisme, l’extension de la conflictualité sociale et la montée de la nouvelle droite thatchérienne." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20061/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the industrial disputes which took place in the winter of 1978-1979 in a series of sectors – car-making, road haulage and the public sector – and are remembered in collective memory as the « Winter of Discontent ». It argues that these industrial disputes can only be properly understood in a threefold context: first, in the context of the crisis of Labour, that is to say the acute political and ideological tensions and divisions which emerged in the Labour Party from the beginning of the 1970s when the political and economic assumptions which had dominated the leadership of the party since after the War were undermined by the context of economic crisis; secondly, in a context of extension of industrial unrest into new areas such as the public sector, which experienced a rapid unionisation of its growing workforce in the 1970s and whose workers were on a militant learning curve throughout those years; finally, in the context of the rise of the New Right, as a number of think tanks provided rightwingers within the Conservative Party with new ideas and arguments to criticise the trade unions, the welfare State and the Keynesian, tripartite policies pursued in the post-War period, and as these neo-liberal ideas found an increasing number of advocates in the press. These various elements help us to understand the disputes of the winter of 1978-1979 as primarily a conflict about economic policy and priorities within the labour movement as low-paid public sector workers and traditionally loyal trade unions were pitted against a Labour government enforcing a reduction in real wages
Suberchicot, Jean-Luc. "Le service de santé de la Marine Royale (1661-1793)." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040010.
Full textSimard, Julie. "Dynamique après-feu et histoire holocène du bassin versant de la rivière à la Patate, Île d'Anticosti, Québec." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22341.
Full textChopin, Olivier. "La raison d'Etat et la démocratie : concepts et pratiques." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0085.
Full textReason of state disrupts democratic ethics by showing how violence and law are linked by dark bonds - the use of secret above all. Does reason of state, considered as ontologically stranger to democracy, constitute a threat or a remedy for the survival of democracies? At the very least, reason of state evokes the essential double frailty of democracies - fraitly towards the dangers that threaten them and fraitly towards the remedies they choose. The work analyses the control of intelligence services in three countries (France, The United States and the United Kingdom) and shows that the theoratical opposition between reason of state and democracy turns in practice into a tension which can not be suppressed. Finally, the study of the US reaction to the September 11 attacks deals with knowing wether democracies can defend themselves and reveal their strength if necessary - and still remain democracies
Martin, Pierre. "Histoire du groupe Azur : les mutations d'un groupe d'assurances mutuelles (1819-2000)." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010620.
Full textBienvenu, Gilles. "De l'architecte voyer à l'ingénieur en chef des services techniques : les services d'architecture et d'urbanisme de la ville de Nantes du XVIIIe siècle au XXe siècle." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010607/document.
Full textA town is a collective process, but it is also produced by specific professionals who conceived tools and apply process. Analyzing a long period ( from the 18th century to the middle of the 20th) and focused on a special area « the city of Nantes », an interesting example for this period, the case study follows two directions : the organization of the municipal services in charge of project development and the management for urban transformation, in terms of roads, architecture, networks, town planning, and at the same time the people who make up these services, particularly chiefs department, architects, engineers, town planners and their staff. The scale of Nantes, a growing city with a population and a size increasing at a moderate pace, allows understanding stakes by exploring the process of urban developments in terms of regulation, project planning, management, achievement and control, and the links between technical tools and politic aims
Guélamine, Faïza. "Le rôle des services sociaux spécialisés dans la gestion pratique et symbolique de l'immigration en France : l'exemple du SSAE et du SSENA, 1920-1980." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070015.
Full textStrimelle, Véronique. "La gestion de la déviance des filles et les institutions du Bon Pasteur à Montréal, 1869-1912." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0006/NQ42280.pdf.
Full textWanecq, Charles-Antoine. "Sauver, protéger et soigner : une histoire des secours d’urgence en France (années 1920-années 1980)." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0039.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the elaboration and the social uses of the notion of vital emergency in contemporary France. The concept of emergency – defined as a need for urgent action to avoid death - constitutes an increasingly common form of medical care. Based on a study of multiple sources, including the archives of physicians, administrations, hospitals and associations, this doctoral research aims at understanding the social, economic and political processes set in motion by an accident, when one or several human lives are threatened. During the interwar period, the innovative medical and surgical techniques of the First World War were seldom implemented in the civilian world ; however the nuclear risk and the increasing mortality rate caused by road acccidents led to an organization of emergency medical services in public hospitals. This public policy was overseen by a division of the Ministry of Health. Through an analysis of the division of labour and of the technical devices which rationalized the provision of emergency care, this dissertation changes the focus of the debates on the value of human lives in the history of health and of the institutions in charge of the protection of populations