Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Services de renseignements – Droit'
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Cherigui, Heddy. "Le rôle et l’implication de la communauté des services de renseignement français dans la lutte contre le processus de radicalisation violente d’inspiration jihadiste depuis 2015." Thesis, Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL2D001.
Full textSince 2015, France is facing a more acute and multifaceted jihadist-inspired terrorist threat. This crisis is intended to be a long -lasting one and early detection is becoming a priority issue for intelligence services who are subject to more and more sensitive missions.The increasing amount of detected individuals for jihadist-inspired radicalization has led to a resizing of French Intelligence apparatus over the four past years. Their role and involvement are nowadays more proactive, supported by a rescaling of the human resources and abilities to use more sophisticated intelligence techniques. The latter needed to be framed by a renewed intelligence itself properly nested into the booming counter-terrorist legal framework.The restructuring of the French Intelligence services since 2015, decided in order to face its new challenges, seems to have completed the required level of efficiency when dealing with violent jihad-inspired violence and thus the subsequent action. Intelligence law is a law of exception allowing an outrageous power to intelligence services. Though, it remains strictly monitored andsubmitted to judicial and constitutional review provided by the law. French Intelligence community has to work under a dual obligation of law abiding procedures and results obligation to reach its goals without ever neglecting the proper form about the implemented means
Guillaumin, Béatrice. "L'appareil français de renseignement : une administration ordinaire aux attributs extraordinaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 1, 2021. https://ecm.univ-paris1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/87fa596a-79d4-4f38-89d4-aca7a78356b9.
Full textSince the end of the 2000s, the integration of the intelligence apparatus into the French administrative and institutional landscape has been indisputable: legal framework for its activities, redefinition of the link maintained with the executive branch, plural control to which it is now subject, etc. While this normalisation should be verified, it will be more essential to assess its scope. At the threshold of the study, a bundle of clues can be released to corroborate the process of a substantial normalisation of the intelligence apparatus. However, it cannot disappear and merge entirely into the administrative matrix. In this hypothesis, while the normalisation process intends to erase the originalities of the intelligence apparatus, it actually generates a paradoxical movement: new originalities have been added. Thus considered, the alignment of the intelligence apparatus on the administrative model remains limited by a certain number of elements which shape an administration with a singular appearance, oscillating between normality and originality. To be convinced of this, the aim is to emphasise that the normalisation of the intelligence apparatus takes place by the conjunction of two movements in perfect synchronization. The first relates to the legal framework of the intelligence apparatus which constitutes the apanage of this normalisation. The second is triggered by the tightening of control over the intelligence apparatus, the mechanism of which appears to be the markers of this normalisation
Hamoir, Clement. "Le renseignement et la gendarmerie nationale : enjeux et perspectives." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR0014/document.
Full textWhile the national gendarmerie carries out its missions on the whole spectrum of the national security, that of the intelligence for a long time remained in withdrawal. The recognition of this competence, finally acquired in 2009 after bitter debates, allowed him to claim a new position in the administrative organization of services. In a context marked by the need to take into account the terrorist threat, it managed to create its own intelligence service in 2013, the SDAO. Although it has always been part of its organization as part of a global approach to security, the intelligence function of the gendarmerie is now embodied in its structure. Its recognition by the law of 2015 on the intelligence makes it possible to devote the national gendarmerie as a full actor of intelligence. Since then, the institution has gradually adapted its organization to respond to the challenges posed by this new intelligence law and to take into account its new prerogatives. However, these developments upset the equilibrium. Internally, the center of gravity of internal security intelligence broke away from the judicial police function to be repositioned at the level of the SDAO. Outside, the creation of this new entity, in parallel with the problems posed by the integration of the gendarmerie at the Ministry of the Interior, highlights the central but sensitive nature of coordination with other services. By the issues it raises, intelligence questions the French police model around two logics that currently oppose, that of maintaining the autonomy of each institution or reinforcing the complementarity between them
Ferro, Coline. "L'image des services de renseignement et de sécurité : France, Royaume-Uni, Allemagne et Belgique." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020109/document.
Full textSince the 9/11 attacks, the national intelligence communities have been considerably strengthened in many states, for example in France, in the United Kingdom, in Germany or in Belgium. These also have been reorganised. Furthermore, the intelligence services have been provided with additional means and a larger legal framework following the adoption of the antiterrorism legislation. This exposed the services to the media. Moreover, the information and transparency requirements made by citizens and parliamentarians increased in the last years. This made the intelligence services emerge from the shadows. The question about the services' image then arose. This image is a product of history and culture, but now it also evolves in function ofthe media, the news and the visibility of some actions. However, the failures are more mediatised than the successes. This image has become a challenge for the intelligence and security services because, whether positive or negative, it has consequences on political, organizational and legislative issues. Therefore, most of the French, British, German and Belgian services developed a communication policy and a real strategy: the publication of reports, websites, exhibitions,merchandising... The intelligence services use a wide range of tools. However, their communication efforts are disparate. The UK and Germany have a head start in the field. France is more shy, and Belgium even more
Barbier, Arnaud. "Les activités privées de sécurité à l'épreuve du droit public français : contribution à l'étude des mutations de la police administrative." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD031.
Full textServices provided by private security firms aim to protect individuals and property and are governed by a specific and relatively recent legal system. In theory, this type of commercial activity should solely be bound by private contract law, without any access to the power afforded by the public sector. Various types of internal security have been recently institutionalized alongside public security forces, and now assume specific conditions of access and employment. Moreover, the continual extension of their functional structure illustrates a teleological approach from those in public power to legitimize these activities and their effective participation in crime fighting. In this case, should we still consider public security out of merchandisation ? Nevertheless, the practical usage of private security is bound by one compelling and limiting principle, stating that private individuals cannot execute public law enforcement missions. Though professional private security firms do not explicitly replace the public police force, they fulfill a mission of social peace that calls into question the fundamental theories pertaining to the role of public authority in the matter of social peace. It would seem that private security’s logic of action would cause a conceptual confrontation between individual liberty and private actions on the one hand, and the notion of public order, police authority and public interest on the other hand. The validity of this contemporary logic stresses the need to redefine the classic tools of French public law as it relates to legitimizing current means of action in relation to the protection of social order. The notion of police is at stake, but maybe this could be considered as an opportunity to reessentialize it. But the problematic issue of general security is, at this point, so complex, that in order to fairly examine the issue, it is has become mandatory to evaluate it within a metalegal phenomenological format in which a jurist can be expected to clarify the distinctive nature of the public versus private domain
Dibert-Dollet, Maurice. "Témoignage et renseignements en matière pénale." Bordeaux 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR1D024.
Full textEvidences as far as judicial matters are concerned, and particularly in penal matters, may have effectiness, security and legitimacy only through the laws which set up their cololection and handling. Intended to convince the judge, these evidence must obey some rules the flexibility and consistency of which must not be contradictory. But a witeness evidence is a long way from meeting all these requirements. In addition to natural lapses related to the evidence ( the frailty of an evidence reported by someone ) there are contradictions generated by the complexity and subtility of laws ( such as the distinction between testimony and judicial inquiry for instance ). Although these laws are initially set up to make the distinction explicit, their immediat result seem to be the worsening of the defiencies which charaterize an evidence. It is then necessary, with regard to the very use that an evidence represents for penal justice (since an evidence is pratically unavoidable) that some improvements be carried ontagainst its areas of deficiency in order to adapt it to the needs of criminal courts. These improvements can be made not only suppressing contradictions and inconsistences of laws on the subject, but also by improving the credibility of the witness thanks to the introduction
Harrak, Mohamed. "Le renseignement : permanence et changement." Toulouse 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU10004.
Full textAt the dawn of the 21st century, intelligence raises more than ever questions about its methods, its utility and even about its raison d' être. Uncommon activity covering various fields, intelligence gathering constitutes a passionant subject indeed. Several topics will be treated in this study. But, because of their importance, three ot them will be more particularly developed. In addition to the organization of the intelligence services and disinformation, it will be also question of the new part which secret services play in the fight against the proliferation of criminal, terrorist, and other threats
Sawicki, Gérald. "Les services de renseignements à la frontière franco-allemande (1871-1914)." Nancy 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NAN21029.
Full textFrance and the German Empire engaged in a veritable secret war between 1871 and 1914. Intelligence in this period is a recurrent element of Franco-German antagonism. In this context, the territories of Alsace and Lorraine played a crucial role. Military and police force branches were set up on both sides of the border and rapidly became very widespread, served by experienced, greatly esteemed civil servants. Secret agents and correspondants provided them with accurate intelligence information and minute preparation was already under way in the event of mobilization. The Schnaebelé Affair is an obvious episode of the conflict between services. In April 1887, the turbulent arrest of the special police superintendent of Pagny-sur-Moselle nearly caused a Franco-German war to break out. Further study of this incident reveals a whole background not entirely without ulterior motives on the German side concerning the French Minister of War, General Boulanger
Le, Page Jean-Marc. "Les services de renseignement français pendant la guerre d'Indochine (1946-1954)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0011.
Full textAmong reasons whose explain the French defeat in Indochina, insufficiency of intelligence services has been put forward. We want to show that it was not case. When the French expeditionary corps landed in Saigon, in October of 1945, the new commander in chief had to rebuild the French military structure. It was particularly the case of intelligence services. Little by little, all range of the sources of information was put in place. If the security service was restored from 1946, it was only in 1949 that the air-force intelligence service became autonomous. The means were increased in 1951, during the command of the general of Lattre. His successor, the general Salan, followed a very technical orientation which caused a loss of effectiveness of the services. The general Navarre tried to redress this situation. He developed the human sources and attempted to instil an «intelligence mystic ». The intelligence services were operated and gave information to the different commander in chief, which allowed them to avoid a strategical surprise. The organs of the DRV’s counterespionage could not prevent it, in spite of a totalitarian coverage of the population. From the first years, the Indochina war became international. A productive exchange of information existed between France and his allies (GB, United States and Siam). We study the functioning of services in the daily, as well in the functioning of intelligence agent networks directed by the territorial intelligence officers, that in the relations between the different services
Simard, Danielle. "La loi 65 : protection des renseignements personnels dans le domaine de la santé." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10668.
Full textMorel, Eric. "Evolution du renseignement et innovations technologiques." Marne-la-Vallée, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MARN0136.
Full textThe technological innovations have an important impact on the strategic level intelligence. They have set the biggest ever technical and intellectual challenge to the intelligence community. The intelligence community succeeded the technical challenge. It has managed to use the technological innovations to adapt itself to its environment, by creating and operating a technological intelligence coming from the new supports of information, and using these technologies to reduce the risks of the research of intelligence. However, the intelligence community will certainly miss the intellectual challenge because the technological innovations are used to justify the existence of a part of the intelligence community, and because they reduce the time, the space and the competence of the intelligence. The technological intelligence value is overrated. This restricts the dissemination and the operating of the technologies that extend the hand and the spirit of human, thus adapting the human and operational intelligence to its technological environment. The overrated technological intelligence leads the intelligence community to operate more and more informations and less and less intelligence
Chopin, Olivier. "La raison d'Etat et la démocratie : concepts et pratiques." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0085.
Full textReason of state disrupts democratic ethics by showing how violence and law are linked by dark bonds - the use of secret above all. Does reason of state, considered as ontologically stranger to democracy, constitute a threat or a remedy for the survival of democracies? At the very least, reason of state evokes the essential double frailty of democracies - fraitly towards the dangers that threaten them and fraitly towards the remedies they choose. The work analyses the control of intelligence services in three countries (France, The United States and the United Kingdom) and shows that the theoratical opposition between reason of state and democracy turns in practice into a tension which can not be suppressed. Finally, the study of the US reaction to the September 11 attacks deals with knowing wether democracies can defend themselves and reveal their strength if necessary - and still remain democracies
Lahaie, Olivier. "Renseignements et services de renseignements en France pendant la guerre de 1914-1918 : 2ème bureau et 5ème bureau de l'Etat Major de l'Armée. ; 2ème bureau du G.Q.G. (section de renseignement, section de centralisation des renseignements) : évolutions et adaptations." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040032.
Full textOn August, 1914, the French Intelligence Services knew German war plans, but intelligence specialists went against Joffre's scepticism. With the beginning of Trench Warfare, the French High Commander wished to inquire about enemy casualties, but also economic and political situation or morale in Germany. New techniques helped to control information gathered by Human Intelligence. The Secret Service imposed Telegraphic then Postal control, initiated an allied cooperation dealing with Intelligence Warfare. On 1915, new spying methods appeared, including use of planes to shake off enemy defences. Cooperation with Belgian and British Intelligence Services created preference conditions for spying. The Great War, which was a Total War, developed new kind of services dealing with Economic Intelligence. Propaganda and Psychological Warfare were developed as well, both on frontline and inside Germany. Counter-Intelligence was strengthened too, but the mutiny crisis of 1917 showed the danger of it when used against Brothers of Arms. At the end of World War I, implication of some officers belonging to the Secret Service in high treason trials tarnished their reputation. French Intelligence gathered many independent and rival services, but working all together to facilitate military victory on Germany and its Allies. Two distinct but complementary branches coexisted in France: one created by the “Etat-Major de l'Armée”, and the other by the “Grand Quartier General”. Among the three French High Commanders, Pétain was remarkable by the clever use of intelligence he made, in order to spare soldiers' blood. Supreme Commander of Allied Forces, Foch used it as well to lay Ludendorff low. From 1914 to 1918, French Intelligence proved its high capacity to innovate. W. W. I created favourable conditions to experiment new techniques, which were used after 1918 to develop the future “Special Services” of W. W. II. Thanks to a skilful mixing of consideration and improvisation, but also with the wish of gathering clever and firm individualities, French Secret Services really contributed to defeat Imperial Germany
Maslen, Robert W. "Elizabethan fictions : espionage, counter-espionage, and the duplicity of fiction in early Elizabethan prose narratives /." Oxford [GB] : Clarendon press, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36968775r.
Full textMarois, Guilhem. "Le contrôle des services de renseignement en France." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0417.
Full textSince the beginning of the twenty-first century, intelligence has experienced a real upheaval, in France and abroad. While some wondered about its future at the end of the Cold War, the advent of globalized terrorism and the numerous attacks on the territory of several Western countries have put the intelligence services at the heart of defense and security activities. In France, new services have emerged while others have undergone major restructuring, which has changed the complex architecture of public intelligence policy. The many laws adopted between 2006 and 2019 have increased the prerogatives of the services. The activity of the intelligence services undermines many rights and freedoms, which nevertheless enjoy enhanced legal protection. For several decades, only the executive branch controlled the activity of the services. However, the desire for greater transparency on public action has led to the development of new controls, even for a public policy as sensitive as that of intelligence. Thus, the Government has new tools, Parliament has established specifics institutions and now the judge intervenes to control the activity of intelligence services. The organization of intelligence control is as complex as the structure of the services, but their interlocking makes it possible to guarantee a complete system
Jackson, Peter Darron. "France and the Nazi menace : intelligence and policy making, 1933-1939 /." Oxford : Oxford university press, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376477793.
Full textRussell, Frank Santi. "Information gathering in classical Greece /." Ann Arbor [Mich.] : University of Michigan press, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38802665k.
Full textBoulant, Antoine. "Les agents secrets du ministère des Affaires étrangères envoyés dans les départements (septembre 1792 - Nivôse An II)." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040177.
Full textAfter the fall of monarchy was created an executive council formed with the ministers. At the end of 1792, some of them had to lead some agents; their part was to collect information in the departments. Between September 1792 and December 1793, minister of Foreign affairs dispatched about a hundred of secret agents in the frontier departments and regions of counter-revolution (Vendée, South-East). Operating from a "supervision's plan" and instructions written by the ministry of foreign affairs, secret agents - recruited in the middle class, and who already had experience in spying, diplomacy or administration - sent to him about of thousands of letters containing a lot of information about military operations, public opinion, economic problems and religious life, in their respective departments. Abstracts or extracts of these letters were sent afterwards to the members of the government. But finally, secret agents were recalled by the minister of foreign affairs in December 1793
Carrillo, Jean-François. "Police judiciaire et renseignement face aux menaces criminelles." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10045.
Full textThe objective of Criminal Investigation is to repress crimes and offences. In this view, based on the offences which have been notified, or eventually noticed, investigators implement techniques which will enable to gather proof, to identify the perpetrators, and to send them over to the law, for their trial. Thus, criminal intelligence is essential at this stage of investigation. But, besides the everyday criminality, new kinds of threats have occurred or have developed. Thus, the new environment of intelligence and criminal investigation consists in the generalisation of these new threats, the elimination of the distinction between internal and outside security, the creation of new relationship between security and defense, a new apprehension of the notion of border, and the evolution in missions of the police. At the same time, the consequences of the vividness of the terrorist threat refer to the fundamental question of which model of democratic police to be developed. The answer consists certainly in a new approach of the criminal investigation in the frame of a conception which would give an increased role to intelligence, enabling action as soon as the first constituent elements of the offence would be gathered. Nevertheless, this criminal intelligence, which can be qualified as offensive needs to enter a legal frame which reconciles respect for fundamental freedom with a necessary efficacy which is essential for the protection of the society
Mouchard, Emilie. "L’accountability ou le principe de responsabilité en matière de protection des renseignements personnels." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS116.
Full textBetween anglophone word and transversal concept, accountability ask about the responsability and the enforcement of its principle in privacy laws. Result of a social and legislative path, the imputabilité, who came throught the concept, shows privacy laws as a collaborative and individual regulation process, serving the responsability and the risks that cames with the information technologies and the achievement of the corporate social responsability.In the same time seeing as a goal, a mechanism and an instrument of an effective and efficient privacy, the accountability principle is a legal and a management principle, used by companies as an intern management technic. The realisation of the accountability project take place with the acknoledgement of the principle by the OECD, who highlight the accountability as an essential standard, a necessary mecanism and a moralization requirement according the risks that came throught social and technological evolutions on the right to privacy and its laws
MAREI, MOHAMED. "Le droit de greve dans les services publics. Analyse du droit francais. Du droit egyptien et du droit musulman." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT4005.
Full textMarquis, Hugues. "L'espionnage britannique en France pendant la Revolution française (1789-1802)." Lille 3, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIL30017.
Full textDuring the french revolution, the british kept up in france lots of spy networks (called correspondences), which were giving them political information (about the government, the parties, the chance of restoring the monarchy), but also about the army (about the navy and the plans of french landings in england and in ireland). The spies in the pay of england were mainly french royalists, who were wishing to have an active hand in the counter-revolution. Even if, retrospectively, espionage, by its techniques, was giving the impression of amateurism, it played an important role, as for the english attitude all along the war against france, in its political part (decision of restoring the monarchy, as in its military part (by informing them of an invasion of the british isles)
Harris, Stephen M. "British military intelligence in the Crimean war, 1854-1856 /." London ; Portland (Or.) : F. Cass, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37118745j.
Full textHammoud, May. "La protection du consommateur des services bancaires et des services d'assurance." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020015/document.
Full textOne consequence of the 2008 economical and financial crisis is the constant and continuous temptations to recover the shaken confidence of the consumer towards the professionals of the financial services sector. While consumer protection is a common theme in French law, and a recent one in Lebanese law, such research is lacking in specific banking and insurance services in comparative law. Indeed, the subject is often presented in separate angles of consumer protection in one of these two services, in one of these two rights. It follows that a global, but not exhaustive deepening in “the protection of consumer banking and insurance services” through a comparative perspective between the French and Lebanese Laws allow us to better understand the characteristics of such a combination. Therefore, a series of questions flush: What are the frameworks of the protections granted to these consumers? How do their governments, legislators, judges, and civil society defend their individual and collective interests? What are the legal consequences of such protection that sometimes proves to be unreasonable? This research seeks to try to answer all these questions, through two parties. The first, analyses the protection granted to individual and collective consumers interests in banking and insurance services sector. The second focuses on the implementation of such a curative, sometimes unreasonable protection of banking and insurance services consumers
Streho, Imola. "La notion de services en droit communautaire." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020076.
Full textDo, Cabo Notaroberto Barbosa Hermano Antonio. "Les échanges internationaux de renseignements fiscaux : recherches sur un paradigme fiscal limité." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020086.
Full textInternational co-operation through the exchange of tax information, a classical but marginal issue, has been renewed to become one of the most sensitive subjects of international tax law. Despite all the political and legal efforts made in recent years, and despite the fact that these efforts are real advances in legal technology and administrative efficiency, there are reasons to believe that international tax co-operation still faces different limitations to operate in a worldwide level. This thesis aims to identify the existence of a general legal regime for the exchange of tax information, fairly homogenous in terms of content and application, in view of the main non-EU normative models available nowadays, including those of automatic exchange. Afterwards, the thesis examines the scope of this general regime in order to frame limits to the exchange of tax information and to propose legal solutions to overcome them
Rossé, Christian. "Les échanges de l'ombre : passages des services de renseignements suisse et alliés à travers la frontière de l'Arc jurassien 1939-1945." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BELF0010/document.
Full textThe Franco-Swiss border was well guarded during the French occupation, on the one side by the Germans, seconded by the French customs and on the other, by the Swiss. Border crossings were strictly controlled and the border was supposed to be water-tight. The French side of the border was doubled by a first zone accessible only by special authorisation, and a second forbidden zone 1 to 3 km wide stretching along the frontier. In the minds of the German occupying forces, this corridor along the border was supposed to be a no man’s land in which only the border guards patrolled.This ideal was a long way from being the achieved, since the corridor was the scene of intense clandestine activity. The key player was the ‘passeur’ who smuggled across the border and who was usually assisted by by-standers, residents on both sides of the border-zone who did not cross the border themselves, but who supplied the logistical support of safe houses, food etc… Thanks to this network of smugglers and by-standers, a heterogeneous mass of people, objects and even animals crossed the border in both directions – French and Polish POWs, Jewish refugees, Allied airmen, Swiss and Allied spies, French resistance fighters, post, and all sorts of merchandise…The Swiss Intelligence Service (SR) was tasked with supplying the commander-in-chief and the AHQ with the information which would allow them to lead the army. The collection of information was in theory the task of the outposts spread along the border as well as of the central stations. Amongst the various methods used to collect the raw information – such as the questioning of travellers and deserters, the study of reports issued by Swiss military attachés abroad and the exploitation of intelligence lines– the SR sent agents on missions beyond the Swiss borders.Part of the mechanism which allowed the SR to be well informed between 1940 and 1944, was its collaboration at all levels with the foreign secret services and the resistance networks. In fact a number of Allied organisations chose Switzerland as the hub of their intelligence networks. Information converged from all over Europe towards the embassies and consulates established in Switzerland, and these in turn transmitted it via radio emitters from their delegations, or via clandestine ones, to London, Moscow or Washington.Whether it was at the level of the head of the SR, or of the listening posts, Roger Masson’s men took advantage of this flow and set up relationships on a give and take basis with the foreign networks. In exchange for information affecting the security of the nation, they organized the border crossings of foreign agents and of documents coming from abroad, and allowed the international intelligence community agents to go about their business with almost total impunity on Swiss soil.The SR was perfectly integrated into the international ‘intelligence community’ established on Swiss soil during World War II. In the field, it ‘shared’ its agents and smugglers with the foreign networks
Eyraud, Christele. "L'incidence du droit communautaire sur le droit administratif des services publics locaux." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999CLF10213.
Full textTaken as a whole the following considerations consist un both analyzing and evaluating the community law possible influence on administrative law as far as local public utilities are concerned. In fact, the contrast which, at first sight, seems to exist between local public utilities and community law proves sham rather than real. Indeed the ever-increasing rules of the community law have to be taken into account by the local public utility law. But these additions, which obviously can’t apply to local public utilities on the whole, shouldn’t inevitably be seen as drawbacks. On the contrary community law must be considered as a chance to make the local public utility likely to conciliate the rules concerning not only public and private law but competition as well. Thus, they can be seen as the clue to bringing together the state and local organizations, which could also lead to a better recognition of the notion of public utility on a community scale
Martin, Sébastien. "Les transformations contemporaines des services publics de transport." Bordeaux 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR40029.
Full textFor many years, public utilities of transport have evolved in various ways that renews the French conception of public interventionism. Up until then, public interest activities could be carried out by public bodies that allowed them to benefit from an exorbitant common law regime. All of the applicable rules effectively made it possible to set them apart from the market game. Today, as European Union law in particular affects them, they are dependant on the rules of the market, that is to say on free competition and the free provision of services. However, the State’s intervention in the economy, in the name of public interest, is not prohibited and it is possible to set aside the EC rules when they prevent public transport service tasks from being carried out. However, whereas the State alone managed this business, it now shares the task of public services with the local authorities that are controlled by European Union institutions. These various aspects lead us to reconsider, entirely, the manner in which the public services are adjusted from a legal point of view. Indeed, in many respects, it appears that new public transport services have emerged. The biggest innovation for these services, which now differ depending on whether they are organised for a “short distance” journey or a “long distance” journey, is in subjecting these services to specific rules that makes it possible to differentiate them from the transport activities that are governed solely by market rules but also from network services that enjoy a whole other regime of protection of the public service tasks
Djeloyan, Cécile. "Les services associés." Montpellier 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON10017.
Full textRodrigues, Stéphane. "Services publics et services d'intérêt économique général dans la Communauté européenne : éléments de droit comparé et analyse du droit communautaire." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010256.
Full textHugon, Alain. "Au service du roi catholique : honorables ambassadeurs et divins espions : représentation diplomatique et service secret dans les relations hispano-françaises de 1598 à 1635 /." Madrid : Casa de Velázquez, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39184990p.
Full textAnklam, Ewa. "Wissen nach Augenmass : militärische Beobachtung und Berichterstattung im Siebenjährigen Krieg /." Münster : Lit, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41140794q.
Full textAlbertelli, Sébastien. "Les services secrets de la France Libre : le Bureau central de renseignement et d'action (BCRA), 1940-1944." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0037.
Full textFrom 1940 to 1944, the Bureau Central de Renseignement et d’Action (BCRA) was the link between the Free French – in London and Algiers – and those who, in France, committed themselves in the resistance against the occupying forces. This service of a new type was created and managed by André Dewavrin (Passy). Throughout the war, an important and successful part of its activities has been to collaborate with the Intelligence Service to create intelligence networks. In 1941, it started to collaborate with the Special Operations Executive (SOE) in order to create a Secret Army under the orders of general de Gaulle as well as to conceive and to implement destruction plans so that the reaction of the enemy would be delayed when the allied landing happens. After June 1942, the BCRA was also in charge of implementing the political missions that the Commissariat National à l’Intérieur was working out. A service with so wide functions was subject to covetousness and criticisms. It was accused by de Gaulle’s enemies to be a powerful instrument that served the political ambitions of the Free French leader. It is a fact that de Gaulle has always been anxious to keep his control on the BCRA, consequently on action in France. This service served his will to assert French sovereignty towards the Allies and to assert the state authority towards the leaders of resistance organisations in France. Among de Gaulle’s followers, some accused the BCRA to turn into a law under itself. It is a fact that the activities of this service were so important for the success of de Gaulle’s political plans that its leaders could secure themselves an important position in the gaullist state
Gratton, Louis-Philippe. "Contribution à l’analyse des rapports du droit interne et du droit international en matière culturelle : étude de droit comparé et de droit international économique." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10049.
Full textThe antagonism between liberalism and protectionism in trade in cultural goods and services permeates the contemporary history of international trade negotiations. It can be explained by the existing link between domestic law and international law in the cultural field. A study of comparative law allows to identify the characteristics of state intervention in the cultural sector and to suggest a classification of it. The functions of the state responsible for adopting, executing or sanctioning cultural norms follow from the specificity of its internal legal order and the functioning of its administration. These features allow then to understand the nature of cultural derogations at the international level. If the state unilaterally defines its legislation at the national level, rules of international law are established in coordination with other states. International derogatory provisions are thus not abstract rules as they take into account the existing standards from different internal legal orders. A study of international economic law assists in analyzing these derogations and in understanding their legal scope. They determine ultimately the compatibility of national norms with international trade rules: they preserve them or force the state to redefine them. Thus, the study confirms the mutual influence of national law and international law in the cultural field
Béroujon, François. "L'application du droit de la consommation aux gestionnaires de services publics : éléments de réflexion sur l'évolution du droit des services publics." Grenoble 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE21036.
Full textLepri, Charlotte. "Le contrôle parlementaire des services de renseignement en France et dans les démocraties occidentales (Royaume-Uni, Allemagne, États-Unis) : raison d'État contre exigence démocratique." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084162.
Full textParliamentary oversight of intelligence agencies is a barometer of a democracy. It reflects the balance of power between the executive and the legislative branches regarding a core competence of the executive power, and it highlights a paradox: a democracy requires transparency and accountability as much as protecting national interests requires secrecy. Most of modern democracies have been built against arbitrary power; and yet, State secrecy and covert actions are vital for national security. Intelligence services have always operated in the realm of exception as far as rule of law is concerned. That is why establishing a system of intelligence agencies accountability is one of the most daunting challenges faced by modern States. External accountability, and especially parliamentary oversight, is a very sensitive issue. In France, intelligence was a ‘no-go’ zone for parliament during years. That was the starting point of this thesis: filling the gap between to different worlds. Since 2007, an intelligence parliamentary commission has been set up in France. Its impact went well beyond its initial scope. It has helped developing an « intelligence culture » in France and reforming the whole intelligence organisation. Along with the British, German and US experiences, the French case shows that there is no a single model of democratic oversight which works for all countries. Each experience reflects a political history, a culture, an institutional approach and the place of intelligence in the State
Aron, Castaing Gaby. "Le contrôle général de la surveillance du territoire et la lutte contre l'espionnage et la trahison 1934-1942." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOL034.
Full textPin, Paul. "Les services de renseignement dans la politique extérieure de Napoléon III." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040173.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to show the share of secret services in the foreign policy of Napoleon the third. .
Ciabrini, Sylvie. "Le droit international des services : l'accord général sur le commerce des services: le GATS." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05D005.
Full textThis thesis demonstrates the necessary creation of an international law adapted at an important sector of the international economy: the services. For that, the study shall detect the international society and her legal needs in this sector, and, shall analyse the general agreement on trade in services who has been recently negotiated in the Uruguay round. In this framework, an approach of the European law shall do us to value the gats gapes and to know his futures meanings
Thauvin, Tiphaine. "Les services sociaux dans le droit de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010299.
Full textNo English summary available
Debono, Anne-Laure. "L'ouverture du droit des services publics au droit de la consommation : entre enrichissement et désordre." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32064.
Full textThe propensity of consumer law to overcome the compartmentalization within the legal system and the capacity of the jurisdictional order to derive private norms constitute the main factors explaining why public utilities law is opening up to consumerism. This phenomenon requires thinking about the nature and the consequences of the exchanges existing between the two legal systems, in the light of the systematic analysis of law, the presupposition of which is structured around relations of interaction and characteristics of unity presented by the system’s elements. The systematic approach of the relations that are built up between public utilities law and consumer law evidences the beneficial interconnections which are established between both legal systems. Reuniting the concepts of user and consumer within a broader conceptual unity is part and parcel of this perspective. Far from generating dysfunction within this particular branch of law, the extension of consumer law under the guise of the user-consumer concept proves to be positive in so far as it contributes to unifying the applicable protective norms. Adopting an analytical frame which extends to branches of law also enables us to contemplate the means to a harmonious articulation between the finalities pursued by both disciplines in the hands of the administrative judge. The perspective of the appropriation of consumerist sources by administrative jurisdiction thus allows us to perceive the foundations of an emerging branch of law which is gaining more and more autonomy: consumerist administrative law
Calley, Grégoire. "L'exploitation publique des services postaux." Besançon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BESA0007.
Full textThe organisation of postal services public exploitation has been revised. This transformation was at first traduced in statutary mutation of the postal operator because of the entreprenerial logic it has to pursue. This transformation also concretised in the submission of postal services to concurrence
Kahn, Martin. "Measuring Stalin's strength during total war : U.S. and British intelligence on the economic and military potential of the Soviet Union during the Second World War, 1939-1945 /." Göteborg : Ekonomisk-historiska institutionen, Goteborgs universitet, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39917694w.
Full textMombrun, Yann. "Évaluation de l’information disponible sur Internet : Application au renseignement d’origine sources ouvertes." Thesis, Rouen, INSA, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ISAM0011.
Full textIntelligence agencies analyse and assess information open sources manually. Yet it is impossible to process every piece as well. This works aims at assisting operationals to use the Internet to produce intelligence, including deciding whether they can exploit gathered information.We study methods proposed to assessing information, manual or automatic, in a civil or military context. We propose a system dedicated to the exploitation of open sources. It targets collection and analysis phases of the intelligence cycle. Its architecture is open, to ease its adaptability to the procedures of each intelligence service. We describe a prototype implementing a selected set of criteria. We validate the approach by an experiment showing that assisting users eases the assesment of pages avilable on the Internet
Parodi, Florence. "Les sociétés militaires et de sécurité privées en droit international et droit comparé." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010321.
Full textLazimi, Vincent. "La fiscalité directe des prestations de services dans les relations internationales." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090073.
Full textGuénaire, Michel. "La fonction unificatrice du service public dans le droit administratif." Paris 2, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA020012.
Full textEl, Kareh Charbel. "La qualification juridique des services en ligne de résolution des conflits." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA111001.
Full textGardet, Guillaume. "Services de la société de l'information et commerce électronique." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2008_out_gardet_g.pdf.
Full textThe phenomenon of informatization of social had the effect to impact on some fundamental notions such as society, commerce and services. From this observation, our research brings us to gauge the scale and scope of the phenomenon of informatization of judicial relationships in the main contemporary judicial systems. This upheaval is tangible in literature through the use of specific terms such as "information society”, "information society services” and "electronic commerce”. Thus, our work will start with the observation of the phenomenon of informatization of social relationships by means of a cross-section study of the branches of the social and economic sciences to conclude on the transposition of these phenomena into law. The stake of our study is not to analyze a judicial mechanism as such. Our concern is to determine whether a fact of a special nature is likely or not to be acknowledged by law. Specifically, the question is to determine which of the notions of "electronic commerce” and "information society services” is subject to actual acknowledgement by law. Our research have shown that this notional upheaval mainly impacted the European Union judicial systems, as much in the Union itself as in the internal law of its member states. Is there, among these notions, and more specifically one of them, that of "information society services”, one that carries essential fundamental characteristics to be acknowledged as a judicial fact per se, which would then lead to the introduction of special law, the law of information society services. While the term "electronic commerce” is widely used both in the business community, by some authors and to a lesser extent by the legislator, the notion of "information society services” tends to stand out within the judicial organization of the European Union judicial systems