Academic literature on the topic 'Service-related sector'
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Journal articles on the topic "Service-related sector"
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George, Elizabeth, and Zakkariya K.A. "Job related stress and job satisfaction: a comparative study among bank employees." Journal of Management Development 34, no. 3 (April 13, 2015): 316–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-07-2013-0097.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether job satisfaction and job-related stress differ among employees of different banking sectors. Design/methodology/approach – Questionnaire were administered to 337 employees from various banks belonging to private sector, public sector and new generation banks. One way ANOVA was conducted to find out whether job satisfaction and job relates stress varied on the basis of three different sectors of banks. Further post hoc test was conducted to find out which sector differs significantly. Findings – Results indicated that employees of different sectors of bank had different level of job satisfaction and job-related stress. Further it was revealed that public sector banks have lower job-related stress when compared to private sector banks and new generation banks; and higher job satisfaction when compared to new generation banks. Practical implications – With the rapid developments and competition in banks, measures should be taken in private sector banks and new generations banks to reduce job-related stress and enhance job satisfaction level of employees. This may also result in increased quality of services and reduced labour turnover in banks. Originality/value – The study is original and empirical in nature. It shows that the job satisfaction and job-related stress differ among employees of different groups of banks in the banking sector. If banking sector is considered as a true representative of the service sector, the results of this study has wider implication in the service industry as a whole.
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Magnini, Vincent P., Derya Kara, John C. Crotts, and Anita Zehrer. "Culture and service-related positive disconfirmations." Journal of Vacation Marketing 18, no. 3 (July 2012): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1356766712449371.
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It has long been understood in the service sector that positive disconfirmations of expectations drive customer satisfaction. Using a sample of 334 consumers’ travel blog postings that describe positive disconfirmations of international hotel guests, this research finds that a traveler’s home country culture influences whether or not the positive disconfirmation is service-related. Specifically, travelers from individualistic countries and low power distance countries experience a greater proportion of service-related positive disconfirmations than those from collective or high power distance nations. From a theoretical perspective, this research extends the emerging body of research that demonstrates the various influences of culture on consumer satisfaction.
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Nguyen Van, Phu, François Laisney, and Ulrich Kaiser. "The Performance of German Firms in the Business-Related Service Sector." Journal of Business & Economic Statistics 22, no. 3 (July 2004): 274–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/073500104000000145.
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Šeligová, Markéta. "The Effect of Selected Financial Indicators on Liquidity of Companies in Selected Sectors in the Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 65, no. 6 (2017): 2095–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201765062095.
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The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of selected financial indicators related to the structure of funding sources on liquidity of companies in selected sectors in the Czech Republic from 2000 to 2015. With the purpose to fulfill the aim, we examine existence and character of relationship between selected financial factors related to the structure of funding sources (debt equity ratio, return on equity, share of fixed assets to total assets, share of earnings before interest and taxes to total assets) and liquidity of the companies in sectors such as mining and quarrying, manufacturing, construction, service sector and energy sector. The existence of relationship between financial indicators related to the structure of funding sources and liquidity of companies is tested by correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results show that there is the negative impact of share of fixed assets to total assets on liquidity of companies in service sector in the Czech Republic. The liquidity of companies was positively influenced by the return on equity and negatively influenced by debt equity ratio in energy sector in the Czech Republic.
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Khanal, Avishek, Mohammad Mafizur Rahman, Rasheda Khanam, and Eswaran Velayutham. "The role of tourism in service sector employment: Do market capital, financial development and trade also play a role?" PLOS ONE 17, no. 8 (August 8, 2022): e0270772. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270772.
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Workers’ living standards have recently deteriorated in the service sector throughout the world, although a few decades ago, service was among the fastest growing sectors in industrialised nations. However, in recent years, in service sectors tourism especially has been drying up. This paper examines the symmetric and asymmetric effects of tourism, market capital, financial development, and trade on service sector employment in Australia from the period 1991–2019. The results of the cointegration tests, notably the ARDL and NARDL bound tests, reveal that the variables are related in the long run. The positive effect of tourist arrival on service sector employment in Australia is confirmed by long-run estimates from both ARDL and NARDL approaches. Similarly, both approaches also confirm the long-run positive relation of financial development. However, while ARDL shows long-run negative and positive associations of market capital and trade, respectively, the opposite is found in the case of the NARDL approach. As a result, policy proposals like planning and initiating tools for ensuring consistent international arrivals and easing of entry requirements have been recommended by this study to assist Australia in enhancing service sector employment, thus promoting economic development.
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Prohorovs, Anatolijs, and Marina Solesvik. "Services Sector Export in Europe." Sustainability 10, no. 12 (December 4, 2018): 4574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10124574.
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In this paper, we consider the changes that occurred in the service exports of thirty-eight European countries in the period of 2005–2016. We have found that the existing world trend related to the growth of service exports is also present in Europe. However, the trend of the service exports’ share growth in the general volume of export is not common for all European countries. We found that higher growth rates are observed in European countries with lower levels of GDP per capita. We also discovered the presence of a strong positive correlation between growth in service exports and GDP growth, as well as between growth in service exports and GDP per capita. We also found that there is a linear correlation between the growth of service exports and the growth of GDP per capita, as well as between the growth in service exports and GDP growth. The data obtained allowed us to conclude that European countries, categorized as “Innovation Leaders” in accordance with the European Innovation Scoreboard, are not the leading countries in Europe with regard to the rates of service export growth. We also discovered that service exports in Europe are less sensitive to adverse macroeconomic effects than goods exports.
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Puspitaningsih, Andriani, Asri Djauhar, and Teguh Permana. "Analisis Perubahan Struktur Ekonomi Dan Sektor Unggulan Kota Kendari Tahun 2010-2020." Metta : Jurnal Ilmu Multidisiplin 1, no. 3 (December 28, 2021): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/metta.v1i3.1480.
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This study aims to determine changes in the structure and leading sectors in the City of Kendari. This research is a quantitative research using secondary data from BPS in the form of GRDP of Kendari city based on the business field in 2010-2020. The results showed that the economic structure of the city of Kendari is dominated by the retail wholesale trade sector and the construction sector. Where in 2010 the trade sector gave the largest contribution to GRDP, but in 2020 the construction sector dominates the contribution to GRDP. The results of other studies show that the leading sector in the city of Kendari is the corporate services sector from 2010-2020. The implication of the results of this study is that the city of Kendari as a service city needs to make changes to urban planning related to trade. And as a city that has advantages in the service sector, it is necessary to issue policies that support service improvement in order to increase the value of the contribution of the service sector in the city of Kendari considering that the city of Kendari is not superior in terms of agriculture.
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Holland, Jane, Liz Kingston, Conor McCarthy, Eddie Armstrong, Peter O’Dwyer, Fionn Merz, and Mark McConnell. "Service Robots in the Healthcare Sector." Robotics 10, no. 1 (March 11, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/robotics10010047.
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Traditionally, advances in robotic technology have been in the manufacturing industry due to the need for collaborative robots. However, this is not the case in the service sectors, especially in the healthcare sector. The lack of emphasis put on the healthcare sector has led to new opportunities in developing service robots that aid patients with illnesses, cognition challenges and disabilities. Furthermore, the COVID-19 pandemic has acted as a catalyst for the development of service robots in the healthcare sector in an attempt to overcome the difficulties and hardships caused by this virus. The use of service robots are advantageous as they not only prevent the spread of infection, and reduce human error but they also allow front-line staff to reduce direct contact, focusing their attention on higher priority tasks and creating separation from direct exposure to infection. This paper presents a review of various types of robotic technologies and their uses in the healthcare sector. The reviewed technologies are a collaboration between academia and the healthcare industry, demonstrating the research and testing needed in the creation of service robots before they can be deployed in real-world applications and use cases. We focus on how robots can provide benefits to patients, healthcare workers, customers, and organisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we investigate the emerging focal issues of effective cleaning, logistics of patients and supplies, reduction of human errors, and remote monitoring of patients to increase system capacity, efficiency, resource equality in hospitals, and related healthcare environments.
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Hrnciar, Miroslav, Peter Madzik, and Matej Uram. "Unfamiliar relatives in the service sector." Benchmarking: An International Journal 25, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 156–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-12-2015-0119.
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Purpose This paper presents an approach by which potential benchmarking partners in the service sector can be matched together more efficiently. The purpose of this paper is to decide which organisations are appropriate partners based on their distinctive characteristics and problems with service management. Design/methodology/approach In the research presented in this paper, cluster analysis and other statistical analyses were applied to data from a survey of managers in service organisations with the aim of identifying groups of services related to each other in their distinctive characteristics and the problems they face. Findings The research found that it is possible to identify hidden “relationships” that allow superficially different services to be grouped together. The identified relationships are based on similarities in the problems which the companies face and their distinctive characteristics. Operating in a different area of activity increases the chance that a service provider will be willing to enter into a partnership and greater potential innovation value from best practice. Cluster analysis was used to identify three groups of services in the research sample which could be benchmarking partners for each other. Research limitations/implications The research studied only a selective group of nine services in different areas of activity. A statistical survey of 388 organisations in one country verified the methodology in terms of statistical significance and the potential for successful identification and adoption of best practice within a group of related services created using the proposed procedure has also been confirmed. The real value of the approach can only be determined by its repeated use to establish benchmarking partnerships and the success of such partnerships, which can be defined as the adoption of innovative best practice. Practical implications The approach described in this paper could make it easier to develop non-competitive benchmarking in the service sector and increase the probability of success in identifying and transferring best practices between organisations in benchmarking partnerships established using it. Originality/value One of the first steps in collaborative benchmarking is to establish a partnership with a similar non-competing organisation. The procedure for this step is still not adequately defined. This paper contributes to the theoretical foundations and practical applications of research by setting out an original method for identifying suitable partners in non-competing sectors of the service industries. This will improve the prospects for successful partnership and greater innovativeness in best practice.
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Yasuoka, Masaya. "Elderly care service in an aging society." Journal of Economic Studies 46, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-04-2017-0102.
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Purpose An increase in life expectancy brings about an aging society, necessitating increasing demand for elderly care services. The purpose of this paper is to present an examination of: how an aging society affects the demand for elderly care services and the labor market for elderly care services; how the labor share and wage inequality between the final goods sector and elderly care sector are determined; and whether the subsidy for elderly care service increases demand for elderly care services or not. Design/methodology/approach This paper sets the dynamics general equilibrium model with two sectors model: one for final goods sector and the other for elderly care services. This paper derives how the labor supply for elderly care services is determined in the theoretical model. In addition to analytical research works, this paper examines how the subsidy for elderly care service affects the labor share allocated for elderly care sector and wage inequality between the final goods sector and the elderly care sector with the numerical examples. Findings Related reports of the literature describe that an aging society raises the share of labor dedicated to elderly care services. However, considering a closed economy in which saving affects the capital stock, an aging society does not always raise the share of labor used for elderly care services because the wage rate of the final goods sector increases with an aging society. This effect prevents the increase of the labor supplied to elderly care services. On the other hand, the subsidy for the elderly care service raises the labor share of elderly care sector. Research limitations/implications The related literatures derive that an aging society raises the labor share allocated for elderly care sector. However, the paper shows that the subsidy for elderly care plays an important role in the increase in the labor share of elderly care sector. Practical implications This paper examines how the aging society affects the labor share of elderly care sector, wage inequality between final goods sector and elderly care sector and others with numerical examples. Thanks to the numerical examples, this paper derives the quantitative result and shows how the subsidy for elderly care service should be provided. Originality/value The author thinks that this paper has rich implications and originality. There exists no literature that examines how the labor share of elderly care sector and the relative wage rate of elderly care sector are determined by the aging and the subsidy for elderly care service. The author thinks that it is a very important analysis because many economically developed countries face the aging society problem.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Service-related sector"
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Witchutraiphob, Wasita. "The Study of tendencies and factors related to users adoption of the new service design at Thai Embassy, Stockholm." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217237.
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This master thesis studied key determinants in service innovation that contribute to user adoption. The study applies design method to understand Visa applicant experiences and tendency to adopt a new service design, which the standard is set up by production workers at Thai embassy in Stockholm Sweden. The methodology for the design research includes participant observation, staff interview and user survey, which provided insights on users and determinants reflecting on the relevance of co-designing solution by media consultant and production staffs. The results show that service design that is pioneered by production workers shows a positive result. Most participants did not find the current process difficult, however, more than 70% are willing to use the new service and willing to pay an extra fee. Non-first-time users and participants who live out of Stockholm show the highest willingness to adopt and willingness to purchase the new service even though their rating to the convenience of the current service is the highest among other groups of participants. The study also shows that the participants in all age group are adoptive and shows high willingness-to-pay towards add-on services.Denna masteruppsats studerade viktiga determinanter inom service innovation som bidrar till användarupptagning. Studien tillämpar designmetod för att förstå visumansökares erfarenheter och tendens att anta en ny servicedesign, vilket upprättades av arbetare inom produktion på Thailändsk ambassad i Stockholm, Sverige. Metodiken för designforskningen innefattar deltagare observation, personlig intervju och användare undersökning, vilket gav insikter om användare och determinanter som speglar relevansen av medarbetarlösningen av mediekonsult och produktions personal. Resultaten visar att servicedesign som är av produktions arbetare visar ett positivt resultat. De flesta deltagarna känner inte att den nuvarande processen är svår, men mer än 70% är villiga att använda den nya tjänsten och villiga att betala en extra avgift. Icke-första gången användare och deltagare som bor utanför Stockholm visar den högsta villigheten att anta och vilja att köpa den nya tjänsten, trots att deras betyg till den aktuella tjänstens bekvämlighet är den högsta bland andra än grupper av deltagare. Studien visar också att deltagarna i alla åldersgrupper är adoptiv och visar stor vilja att betala tilläggstjänster.
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Sookraj, Dixon. "Factors related to human service delivery to underserved clients by private sector nonprofit social service organizations : an ecological study of national outpatient substance abuse treatment units /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487864986609544.
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Nieswand, Maria [Verfasser], and Christian von [Akademischer Betreuer] Hirschhausen. "Efficiency Analysis in Public Service Provision: Addressing Characteristics and Specificities Related to the Public Sector and Regulation / Maria Nieswand. Betreuer: Christian von Hirschhausen." Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1027184235/34.
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Shields, Justin M. "Compliance with Chinese characteristics : evaluating China's compliance record with regard to WTO-related liberalization commitments in the life insurance sector." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/1858.
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Kutyłowska, Anna. "Dostęp do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług związanych z koleją w Unii Europejskiej." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/4004.
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Transport stanowi jeden z kluczowych sektorów gospodarki UE, w którym świadczenie usług odbywa się w ramach złożonej sieci powiązań między przedsiębiorstwami prywatnymi, jak i publicznymi.
Jednakże wprowadzenie sił rynkowych w tak szczególnym sektorze, jakim jest transport kolejowy, wymagało od instytucji unijnych podejmowania stopniowych działań. W pierwszej kolejności zdecydowano się stworzyć ramy regulacyjne planowanej reformy, które poddawano licznym modyfikacjom, przybierającym formę kolejnych, następujących po sobie, czterech pakietów kolejowych.
Jednym z elementów wskazanych ram regulacyjnych, nakierowanych przede wszystkim na utworzenie jednolitego europejskiego obszaru kolejowego (ang. Single European Railway Area), jest także – obok obowiązku przyznawania prawa dostępu do infrastruktury liniowej – objęcie zasadą TPA (ang. Third Party Access) obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i świadczonych w nich usług. Zagwarantowanie dostępności tych zasobów przejawia się w optymalizacji zdolności przepustowej istniejącej infrastruktury punktowej, co przekłada się na możliwość stworzenia przez zainteresowane przedsiębiorstwa kolejowe konkurencyjnej, względem podmiotów zasiedziałych, oferty przewozowej, a tym samym prowadzi do sukcesywnego otwierania rynków transportu kolejowego na konkurencję i jednocześnie umożliwia zwiększenie konkurencyjności kolei względem innych środków transportu.
Należy jednak podkreślić, że ustanowienie tego obowiązku przez określoną normę prawną, ujętą w formie przepisu zawartego w akcie unijnego prawa pochodnego, samo w sobie nie urzeczywistnia celów prokonkurencyjnych. Niezbędne jest bowiem jednoczesne wprowadzenie instrumentów (środków) prawnych, przybierających postać konkretnych norm, dzięki którym obowiązek udostępniania obiektów infrastruktury usługowej będzie skutecznie realizowany. Tego rodzaju rozwiązania zostały zawarte w dyrektywie Parlamentu Europejskiego i Rady 2012/34/UE z dnia 21 listopada 2012 r. w sprawie utworzenia jednolitego europejskiego obszaru kolejowego oraz precyzującym ją rozporządzeniu wykonawczym Komisji (UE) 2017/2177 z dnia 22 listopada 2017 r. w sprawie dostępu do obiektów infrastruktury usługowej i usług związanych z koleją. Wskazane akty unijnego prawa pochodnego wchodzą w skład regulacji gospodarczej sektora transportu kolejowego UE.
W ich granicach możliwe jest skonstruowanie odrębnego, unijnego modelu udostępniania obiektów infrastruktury usługowej. Ta wstępna obserwacja pozwala na sformułowanie trzech hipotez badawczych. Pierwsza z nich zakłada, że unijny model udostępniania obiektów infrastruktury usługowej jest rezultatem ewolucji, w której istotnym bodźcem przyśpieszającym zwiększenie intensywności i zakresu przedmiotowego interwencji instytucji UE były niezadowalające efekty liberalizacji sektora transportu kolejowego UE, początkowo koncentrującej się wyłącznie na konieczności zapewnienia niedyskryminacyjnego dostępu do infrastruktury liniowej. Druga stanowi, że wskazany model jest próbą równoważenia znaczenia niedyskryminacyjnego dostępu do infrastruktury liniowej oraz infrastruktury punktowej. Natomiast zgodnie z trzecią przyjęty w prawie UE model udostępniania obiektów infrastruktury usługowej ma charakter systemowy w tym sensie, że stanowi powiązaną ze sobą funkcjonalnie całość służącą optymalizacji znajdującej się w istniejącej infrastrukturze punktowej zdolności przepustowej, co w konsekwencji ma prowadzić do zapewnienia niedyskryminacyjnego dostępu do tych zasobów, stanowiącego istotny element jednolitego europejskiego obszaru kolejowego.Transport is one of the key sectors of the EU economy where the provision of services takes place within a complex network of links between private and public enterprises. However, the introduction of market forces in a sector as specific as rail transport required gradual action by the EU institutions. First, it was decided to create a regulatory framework for the planned reform, which was subject to numerous modifications, taking the form of successive four railway packages. One of the elements of the aforementioned regulatory framework, aimed primarily at the creation of a Single European Railway Area, is also - apart from the obligation to grant the right of access to line infrastructure - to cover service facilities under the TPA (Third Party Access) principle. Guaranteeing the availability of these resources manifests itself in the optimization of the capacity of the existing point infrastructure, which translates into the possibility of the interested railway companies creating, in relation to the incumbents, a competitive transport offer, and thus leads to the gradual opening of the rail transport markets to competition and at the same time allows increasing competitiveness of rail in relation to other means of transport. It should be emphasized, however, that the establishment of this obligation by a specific legal norm, included in the form of a provision contained in an act of EU secondary law, does not in itself achieve pro-competitive objectives. It is necessary to introduce legal instruments (measures) in the form of specific standards, thanks to which the obligation to make service facilities available will be effectively implemented. Such solutions were included in Directive No. 2012/34 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 November 2012 establishing a single European railway area and the Commission Implementing Regulation No. 2017/2177 of 22 November 2017 on access to service facilities and rail-related services. The above-mentioned acts of EU secondary law are part of the economic regulation of the EU rail transport sector. Within their limits, it is possible to construct a distinct EU model for the provision of service facilities. This preliminary observation allows to formulate three research hypotheses. The first one assumes that the EU model of provision of service facilities is the result of an evolution, in which an important stimulus accelerating the increase in the intensity and scope of the subject matter of intervention of EU institutions was the unsatisfactory effects of the liberalisation of the EU rail transport sector, initially focused solely on the need to ensure non-discriminatory access to line infrastructure. The second states that this model is an attempt to balance the importance of non-discriminatory access to line and point infrastructure. According to the third, the model adopted in EU law for the provision of service facilities is systemic in the sense that it constitutes a functionally linked whole aimed at optimising the capacity of the existing point infrastructure, which in turn should lead to non-discriminatory access to these resources, constituting an important element of the single European railway area.
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Ziegler, Friedrich. "Consumer protection law in the ongoing European internal energy market by the example of the Electricity Directive 2009/72/EC." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-342336.
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The thesis deals with the question about necessary conditions to achieve the objective of a high level of consumer protection in the context of the ongoing internal electricity market taking into account the grid-bound electricity supply, which is characterized by the natural monopoly of regulated networks as well as by competition for the homogeneous product electricity. It evaluates the relationship between effective competition and energy sector-specific consumer protection taking into account the energy-specific regulatory law and examines in detail the regulations of the Directive 2009/72/EC concerning consumer protection under the perspective of enabling the responsible and informed consumer to operate as a self-determined market participant and so shape the market actively towards its completion. After art. 114 TFEU as the existing central norm concerning the alignment of the internal energy market is distinguished from other possible competence rules like the new energy sector-specific competence title of art. 194 TFEU the requirements developed by the ECJ case law concerning art. 114 TFEU from the point of view of the energy sector-specific consumer protection are presented. The thesis clarifies both to what extent in Directive 2009/72/EC codified consumer rights are suitable to achieve...
Books on the topic "Service-related sector"
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Office, General Accounting. Public-private partnerships: Terms related to building and facility partnerships : glossary. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.
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Office, General Accounting. International taxation: IRS' administration of tax-customs valuation rules in tax code section 1059A : report to the chairman, Subcommittee on Oversight, Committee on Ways and Means, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: GAO, 1994.
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Public-private partnerships: Terms related to building and facility partnerships : glossary. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 1999.
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Public-private partnerships: Terms related to building and facility partnerships : glossary. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington 20013): U.S. General Accounting Office, 1999.
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Public-private partnerships: Terms related to building and facility partnerships : glossary. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.
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Public-private partnerships: Terms related to building and facility partnerships : glossary. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.
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Public-private partnerships: Terms related to building and facility partnerships : glossary. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1999.
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Ferlie, Ewan, Sue Dopson, Chris Bennett, Michael D. Fischer, Jean Ledger, and Gerry McGivern. Case study 1. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198777212.003.0006.
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This chapter is the first of a set of four chapters exploring the themes of the book more empirically within particular health care organizations. This chapter analyses the bureaucratic career of a succession of national-level service improvement agencies apparent in the English health care sector since around 2000. There have also been a series of reorganizations in this domain which have consistently failed to secure a high level of autonomy; their bureaucratic career as agencies has therefore been somewhat disappointing. We also examine the types of preferred management knowledge espoused by these agencies, which absorbed and then disseminated to the health care field conventional forms of private firm related and business school produced knowledge, which has been highly influential in the latest cycle. However, there is also evidence of some interesting exceptions (public value, social movements) to this pattern which we had not expected and which complicate the assessment.
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Rankin, WJ. Minerals, Metals and Sustainability. CSIRO Publishing, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643097278.
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Minerals, Metals and Sustainability examines the exploitation of minerals and mineral products and the implications for sustainability of the consumption of finite mineral resources and the wastes associated with their production and use. It provides a multi-disciplinary approach that integrates the physical and earth sciences with the social sciences, ecology and economics.
Increasingly, graduates in the minerals industry and related sectors will not only require a deep technical and scientific understanding of their fields (such as geology, mining, metallurgy), but will also need a knowledge of how their industry relates to and can contribute to the transition to sustainability.
Minerals, Metals and Sustainability is an important reference for students of engineering and applied science and geology; practising engineers, geologists and scientists; students of economics, social sciences and related disciplines; professionals in government service in areas such as resources, environment and sustainability; and non-technical professionals working in the minerals industry or in sectors servicing the minerals industry.
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Suddaby, Roy, and Daniel Muzio. Theoretical Perspectives on the Professions. Edited by Laura Empson, Daniel Muzio, Joseph Broschak, and Bob Hinings. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199682393.013.2.
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This chapter reviews the development of theoretical approaches to our understanding of Professional Service Firms (PSFS). It does so by drawing a parallel with the broader development of the sociology of the professions. Indeed, the authors argue how the study of professional service firms, like the study of professional occupations before it, is following a trajectory from concerns with structure and function to questions of power and privilege and finally to issues of process and practice. The chapter concludes with a final section that raises questions about prior theories of professions, which have assumed that professions are appropriate objects of theorization in their own right. The authors argue, instead, for an institutional/ecological approach to studying professions, which analyzes professions as but one type of institution struggling for survival in an ecology of other, related, institutional forms.
Book chapters on the topic "Service-related sector"
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Etemad-Sajadi, Reza. "Performance in Internationalization of Service Firms: The Case of Computer-Related Services Sector." In Proceedings of the 2008 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 169–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10963-3_95.
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Teske, Sven, Kriti Nagrath, and Sarah Niklas. "Decarbonisation Pathways for Services." In Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals, 131–60. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99177-7_6.
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AbstractThe decarbonisation pathways for the service sector are derived. Brief outlines of the agriculture—food and forestry—wood product sectors, fishing industry, and water utilities are presented. The projected development of product quantities or GDP and the assumed development of energy intensities are given. The industry-specific energy consumptions and CO2 emission intensities are provided in tables. The non-energy-related CO2 emissions for all sectors analysed in this chapter are discussed and quantified.
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Teske, Sven, and Thomas Pregger. "OECM 1.5 °C Pathway for the Global Energy Supply." In Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals, 293–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99177-7_12.
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AbstractThis chapter summarizes all the calculated energy demands for the industry, service, transport, and building sectors. The supply side results for the OECM 1.5 °C scenario are documented. Electricity generation and the power generation required globally are provided by technology, together with the corresponding renewable and fossil energy shares. A detailed overview of the heat demand by sector, the heat temperature levels required for industrial process heat, and the OECM 1.5 °C heat supply trajectories by technology are presented, in both total generation and installed capacities. The calculated global final and primary energy demands, carbon intensities by source, and energy-related CO2 emissions by sector are given. Finally, the chapter provides the global carbon budgets by sector.
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Lundell, Björn, Jonas Gamalielsson, Andrew Katz, and Mathias Lindroth. "Perceived and Actual Lock-in Effects Amongst Swedish Public Sector Organisations When Using a SaaS Solution." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 59–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84789-0_5.
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AbstractWhen a public sector organisation (PSO) uses a software as a service (SaaS) solution from a global provider this imposes risks for different types of lock-in effects. In turn, use of such solutions by PSOs may prevent full control of digital assets that need to be created, processed, maintained, and archived for use and reuse over long life-cycles. This paper addresses perceived and actual lock-in effects related to use of SaaS solutions in the public sector. We review perceptions of lock-in amongst government agencies and investigate how 46 PSOs have addressed challenges related to obtaining licences and an effective exit plan related to use of the Microsoft Office 365 SaaS solution. Through a review of responses to a survey conducted by the Swedish Government Offices we find significant misconceptions concerning lock-in effects. We find that every one of the 46 PSOs investigated neither obtained necessary licences nor established an effective exit strategy to allow the PSO to independently access, process and maintain digital assets processed by the SaaS solution after decommissioning. We present recommendations for any PSO considering use of a SaaS solution.
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Jarvis, Padraigh, Laura Climent, and Alejandro Arbelaez. "Smart and Sustainable Scheduling of Charging Events for Electric Buses." In Springer Proceedings in Political Science and International Relations, 121–29. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18161-0_8.
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AbstractThe Irish transportation sector currently accounts for more than 30% of the energy related CO2 emissions of the country. Therefore, in order to reach the sustainable goals, the Irish government is working on multiple incentives to promote Electric Vehicles (EV) and infrastructure to decarbonize the sector, e.g., free domestic charging points, tool reductions, and the implementation of electric Buses (eBuses) in the medium to long term. In particular, eBuses operate with rechargeable batteries with a capacity to store approximately 300 kWh (and up to 600 kWh), equivalent to around 29.9 L of diesel, while reaching approx. 200 km. In order to ensure a proper transition from regular diesel buses to eBuses, charging times must be coordinated to ensure each bus has adequate energy to complete their operational route. In this work, we present a framework for an efficient management of renewable energies to charge a fleet of eBuses without perturbing the quality of service. Our framework starts by building a deep learning model for wind power forecasting to predict clean energy time windows, i.e., periods of time when the production of clean energy exceeds the demand of the country. Then, the optimization phase schedules charging events to reduce the use of non-clean energy to recharge eBuses while passengers are embarking or disembarking. The proposed framework is capable of overcoming the unstable and chaotic nature of wind power generation to operate the fleet without perturbing the quality of service. As expected, the size of the batteries does have a positive impact on the percentage of clean energy required to operate large fleets of eBuses. Methods developed in this paper help to mitigate potentially inaccuracies derived the prediction models. Our extensive empirical validation with real instances from Ireland suggests that our solutions can significantly reduce non-clean energy consumed on large datasets.
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Street, Roger B. "Climate Services Supporting Adaptation Modelling." In Springer Climate, 19–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_3.
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AbstractInformation and knowledge resources to support climate action (climate services) have been the subject of investments by European and national funding agencies and by the private sector in response to a growing demand and requirements to support climate-related actions. The extent to which the current state of these resources are consistent with and attributable to these investments still requires further assessment. There have been efforts to continue to inform such investments and to stimulate the climate service market. These to some degree identified remaining and emerging gaps, including those intending to support enhancing the breadth, quality and relevance of products and services, the infrastructure supporting the climate service public and private market domains and the factors enabling market growth. The criticality of realising the benefits from the availability and use of this intelligence is increasing and evolving as Europe and the rest of the world call for a transition to a climate-resilient and a low-carbon society and economy. To realise and sustain this potential, there is the need for a systematic assessment of the impacts of previous investments and of where and what type of investments could enhance the impacts in terms of informing action—exploring and identifying shared pathways to enable the development and use of climate services.
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Iazzolino, Gianpaolo, and Rita Bozzo. "Partnership Models for R &D in the Pharmaceutical Industry." In Quantitative Models in Life Science Business, 29–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11814-2_3.
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AbstractOver the last decades the complexity of R &D processes in the pharmaceutical industry have resulted in a decline in the efficiency of those processes. Despite financial resources used in R &D have increased over time the number of drugs developed has remained almost constant. The phenomenon is known as “Eroom’s Law”. In order to start growing R &D efficiency again, the business models of companies were reviewed by mainly implementing open innovation models that can simplify and shorten the drug development process. Pharmaceutical companies are increasingly outsourcing activities from the external environment. The R &D tasks that firms choose to outsource include a wide spectrum of activities from basic research to late-stage development: genetic engineering, target validation, assay development, hit exploration and lead optimization (hit candidates-as-a-service), safety and efficacy tests in animal models, and clinical trials involving humans. Terms such as crowdsourcing, innovation centers, R &D collaboration, and open source are becoming more and more common in the sector. Almost all the Big Pharma are striving to create collaborative networks that might allow them to be more efficient. Pharmaceutical companies are called upon to make a “make or buy” decision to determine whether it is more convenient to outsource these activities rather than exploiting internal resources for generating innovation. In a global context in which the stochastic view has become more suitable for interpreting phenomena the aim of this kind of decision is mainly related to decrease uncertainty. The aim of the chapter is to explore this topic by also providing data and examples.
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Ebrahimi, Maryam. "Analytics in Public Policy Related to Service Sector." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 34–53. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2148-8.ch003.
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Big Data is transforming industries such as healthcare, financial services and banking, insurance, pharmacy, and telecommunication. Big Data concerns datasets that are not only big, but also high in variety and velocity, which makes them difficult to manage applying traditional tools and techniques. Big Data causes multitude benefits and advantages for industries such as marketing and selling, fraud detection, competitive advantage, risk reduction, and finally decision making and policy making. Due to the rapid growth of such data, methodologies and conceptual architectures need to be studied and provided in order to handle and extract value and knowledge from these data. The purpose of this chapter is studying Big Data benefits, characteristics, methodologies, and conceptual architectures in five different industries. Finally, according to the studies, a comprehensive methodology and architecture are proposed which might be applicable in service sector and one of the useful outcomes can be public policies.
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Ebrahimi, Maryam. "Analytics in Public Policy Related to Service Sector." In Web Services, 185–203. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7501-6.ch012.
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Big Data is transforming industries such as healthcare, financial services and banking, insurance, pharmacy, and telecommunication. Big Data concerns datasets that are not only big, but also high in variety and velocity, which makes them difficult to manage applying traditional tools and techniques. Big Data causes multitude benefits and advantages for industries such as marketing and selling, fraud detection, competitive advantage, risk reduction, and finally decision making and policy making. Due to the rapid growth of such data, methodologies and conceptual architectures need to be studied and provided in order to handle and extract value and knowledge from these data. The purpose of this chapter is studying Big Data benefits, characteristics, methodologies, and conceptual architectures in five different industries. Finally, according to the studies, a comprehensive methodology and architecture are proposed which might be applicable in service sector and one of the useful outcomes can be public policies.
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Yazici, İbrahim, Ömer Faruk Beyca, and Selim Zaim. "Clustering Techniques Within Service Sector." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 74–87. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2148-8.ch005.
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Due to big data availability in markets recently, processing and making predictions with data have been becoming more difficult, and this difficulty has been affecting management decisions. As a result, competitiveness for companies are related to analyze and utilize big data in order to achieve company targets. Transforming big data into business advantage has become a vital management tool across all industries. There are many data mining techniques that are being applied to plenty of problems. One of the frequently utilized data mining technique is clustering method. Clustering techniques aim to group a set of objects in clusters that more similar objects are in the same cluster. Main utilization aim of clustering techniques is segmenting or clustering or grouping objects. Clustering techniques and their utilization within service sector by aim of clustering technique and their methodologies are presented. Energy, social media and bank sectors are found that the mostly user of clustering techniques within service sector for segmenting customers based on searched papers.
Conference papers on the topic "Service-related sector"
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Spasić, Dejan, Ksenija Denčić-Mihajlov, and Klime Poposki. "A Critical Review of the Climate-Related Reporting Requirements in the Financial Service Sector." In 26th International Scientific Conference Strategic Management and Decision Support Systems in Strategic Management. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Economics in Subotica, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46541/978-86-7233-397-8_144.
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Yurttançıkmaz, Ziya Çağlar, Sabri Azgün, Ayşen Hiç Gencer, and Ömer Selçuk Emsen. "Dramatically Rising Service Trade and Competitiveness Power: Developments in Turkish Economy (1980-2015)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01915.
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It has been revealed both in the theoretical and the applied studies that the trade of goods in the traditional foreign trade theories reflects the prosperity indicators of the countries such as economic growth and employment positively. In the 1970s, especially with the developments on financial globalization, the foreign trade structure has started to evolve, and the service trade has started to become more and more important or weighted. While the literature on competitiveness is related to the commodity trade, it is noteworthy that there are more limited studies on the results and suggestions of the competition power in service trade. In this study Balassa’s (1965) RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantages) approach was used to determine Turkey's competitive power on service trade. In this context, Turkey has tried to measure competition power against the world in each service sub sector related to the classification of traditional service sector such as tourism and transportation and other service sectors (telecommunication, financial services, insurance etc.) which are defined as modern services sector. It is analyzed with using annual data between 1980 and 2015 obtained from the UNCTAD. According to findings the competitive power in the tourism sector with traditional services is stronger in Turkey. This can be seen generally disadvantageous in the transportation sector, but there has been some increase in competition power since 2009. On the other hand, in the field of other service sectors expressed as modern services, it is concluded that there is no competitive power and it is highly disadvantaged.
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HWANG, Yuan-shie, and Li-hsin CHUANG. "Strategies for Activating Public-Private Partnerships of Social Service Provision of Indigenous Regions in Taiwan." In Current Trends in Public Sector Research. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9646-2020-5.
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Compared with the mainstream society, the distinctively geographical, social and cultural environment of Taiwan's indigenous regions has caused many difficulties in social service provision. The model of public-private partnerships (PPPs) has been regarded as a main strategy to alleviate the difficulties. By adopting the qualitative research method and collecting data through individual in-depth interview (18 peoples) and focus group (2 groups with 11 peoples), this study aims to explore the operation and interaction of public sectors, non-profit organizations and grassroots groups in the indigenous regions, and to identify their internal strengths and weaknesses and external opportunities and threats (SWOT analysis) that affect social service provision, and further, to propose strategies related to activating PPPs. Based on the findings, we propose six discussions and suggestions for activating PPPs of social service provision of indigenous regions in Taiwan.
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Mavlutova, Inese, Kristaps Lesinskis, and Grigorijs Olevskis. "Contemporary Role of SMEs in Employment in Manufacturing and Service Industries." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cbme.2017.074.
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Analysis made in the article allows to conclude that the SME sector of high-tech manufacturing industries plays growing role in solving the problems of employment in developed countries. However, the major problem is that it is capable for only partial compensation of the loss of jobs in labour intensive sectors of the economy. Accumulation of knowledge of the population in industrialized countries together with high levels of computer literacy contributes to the revitalization of business services sellers that are mainly small sized businesses. In the era of fast growing technology industries, in particular related to IT sector, the role of SMEs in economy is increasing as they are main players in start -up communities and IT industries in general. Thus they can growingly contribute to the employment and labour market. The authors proceed from the assumption that service sector, and business services in particular, to a certain extent are capable of absorbing of workforce. This article argues that employment in the service sector in the developed economies is still largely focused on traditional sectors of activity. The purpose of the paper is to investigate latest trends of SMEs role in employment in the developed countries and the role of service sector in stabilizing labour market. Theoretical approaches, statistical data and policy analysis are used to research contemporary labour market trends. Knowledge - intensive services that are important from the point of view of economic dynamics, only start to concur positions in the developed countries.
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Калоева, Зарина Юрьевна, Ирина Хазбиевна Кучиева, and Кристина Маратовна Туаева. "CURRENT PROBLEMS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF SERVICES IN THE HOSPITALITY SECTOR." In Научные исследования в современном мире. Теория и практика: сборник избранных статей Всероссийской (национальной) научно-практической конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Декабрь 2020). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/nitp312.2020.44.33.022.
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В статье рассматриваются проблемы развития гостиничного сервиса в Российской Федерации. Актуализируются вопросы, связанные с сертификацией гостиничных предприятий, совершенствования сервиса, повышения качества услуг гостеприимства. Особое внимание уделено более активному внедрению в сервисные услуги гостеприимства применение современных технологий. The article deals with the problems of hotel service development in the Russian Federation. Issues related to certification of hotel companies, improvement of service, and improvement of the quality of hospitality services are being updated. Special attention is paid to more active implementation of modern technologies in hospitality services.
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Ningsih, Ayup, Rofi Wahanisa, and Aprila Niravita. "Legal Review of POJK No. 61/POJK.07/2020 Related to Integration of Alternative Dispute Resolution Institutions for Financial Service Sector." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Indonesian Legal Studies, ICILS 2021, June 8-9 2021, Semarang, Indonesia. EAI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.8-6-2021.2314394.
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Nakajima, Masataka, Hiroshi Kato, and Yoshiki Shimomura. "A Method for Service Function Improvement Starting From the Service Delivery Process." In ASME 2010 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2010-28822.
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In the manufacturing sector, product-service systems (PSSs) have attracted considerable attention as a means to unify and integrate the design of products and services. In order to maximize customer value, the design of products and services should be integrated. Thus far, unified schemes related to service activities and product behaviors have been proposed in the field of service engineering. In these approaches, services are modeled from the viewpoint of function, and a service delivery process that is based on service activities and product behaviors is developed. However, when service providers attempt to improve their service, the existing PSS methods are inadequate from the viewpoint of providing suggestions for improvement. Therefore, this research aims to establish a method for PSSs to suggest improvements in their own service. Thus, in this paper, the authors propose a method for service function improvement that involves analysis of the service delivery process and enhances customer value.
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HULÍNSKÝ, Lukáš. "Salaries of elected officials as municipal budget expenditure." In Current Trends in Public Sector Research. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9646-2020-4.
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Remuneration of politicians is a relevant social issue that is worth to research. Salaries of local representatives in the Czech Republic are set by law and their size is in case of municipalities derived by municipal population. At the same time municipal councils are free to choose, how many elected officials will serve full time and get paid for that service and how many will keep their proper jobs or entrepreneurships and serve only part time and get quite symbolic remuneration. This choice may result in substantial differences in total related budget expenditure in otherwise similar municipalities. The purpose of the paper is to describe the system of local elected officials’ remuneration and its evolution since 2010 and to analyse municipal expenditure on elected officials’ remuneration in Czech towns with 10 to 50 thousand inhabitants between 2010 to 2018. A key part of the research is the collection of data from local government budgets, their processing and construction of appropriate indicators. Subsequently, these indicators will be analysed through the basic statistical methods resulting in comparison of the selected municipalities.
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Baranskaitė, Edita, Daiva Labanauskaitė, and Erika Župerkienė. "EXPRESSION AND ECONOMIC IMPACT OF INNOVATIVENESS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR." In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.887.
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The expression of innovation is captured in increasingly diverse processes. Both technological and non-tech-nological innovations are applied. This is because tourism businesses need to adapt to changing market conditions and to offer a new generation of modern services. Qualitative changes in tourism activities due to the availability of tech-nology for the general public also lead to an increasing degree of self-service when organising a trip, which inevitably affects changes in the number of jobs created by tourism and the distribution of income in tourism and tourism-related industries. By treating the current stage of tourism globalization as a stage of globalization based on information dis-semination and image engineering, where countries compete for the efficiency of information dissemination, it is im-portant to objectively assess the extent to which tourism innovativeness enhances the economic benefits of tourism. The aim of the research is to evaluate the economic impact caused by tourism innovativeness on the basis of the latest trends in the expression of tourism innovativeness. Regression analysis revealed that in 2012-2017, the indicators of tourism innovation had a direct and indirect economic impact.
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Niklass, Mareks. "Burnout during the COVID pandemic: a case of the social services sector in Latvia." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.059.
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The paper analyses the results of an online survey of 443 social services sector employees carried out in October and November 2020 in Latvia. The survey was aimed to measure the impact of the pandemic on the social services sector, i.e. how social services were delivered, whether restrictions imposed have any effect on a given service (form, quality, quantity) as well as how social services sector organizations and employees coped with the pandemic both at organizational and psychological levels. A short version of the burnout measure developed by Ayala Malach-Pines was used to estimate the burnout level among social services sector employees. The survey results indicate that about one third of the surveyed employees are exposed to a high risk of burnout. Contrary to other studies, burnout has no relationship with the number of clients (a proxy variable for workload) served in a given institution. Burnout is more likely associated with factors related to the methodological, technical support and overall working conditions in one’s organization.
Reports on the topic "Service-related sector"
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Vlaicu, Razvan. Trust, Collaboration, and Policy Attitudes in the Public Sector. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003280.
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This paper examines new data on public sector employees from 18 Latin American countries to shed light on the role of trust in the performance of government agencies. We developed an original survey taken during the first COVID-19 wave that includes randomized experiments with pandemic-related treatments. We document that individual-level trust in coworkers, other public employees, and citizens is positively related to performance-enhancing behaviors, such as cooperation and information-sharing, and policy attitudes, such as openness to technological innovations in public service delivery. Trust is more strongly linked to positive behaviors and attitudes in non-merit-based civil service systems. High-trust and low-trust respondents report different assessments of their main work constraints. Also, they draw different inferences and prefer different policy responses when exposed to data-based framing treatments about social distancing outcomes in their countries. Low-trust public employees are more likely to assign responsibility for a negative outcome to the government and to prefer stricter enforcement of social distancing.
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Bonzi, Augusto, Eric Boeck, Michelle Hallack, Mariana Weiss, Yuri Daltro, Daniel Alarcon, and Leopoldo Montanez. Electrokit: Power Utility Toolkit–Quality of Technical Service. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003782.
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The Electrokit is an initiative created by the IDB to strengthen transformation and continuous improvement of electric utilities in the LAC region. The Electrokit is organized in 16 activities that are common to most electricity utilities. This publication presents the indicators and best practices related to Quality of Technical Service. The aim of the toolkit is to provide power utilities, policy and decision-makers access to best practices, current trends, and expertise to: (i) identify challenges, develop a strategy and action plan for addressing them; and (ii) support utilities to be more sustainable, efficient, improve customer experience and accelerate innovation to stay ahead of the rapidly sector transformation.
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McKenna, Patrick, and Mark Evans. Emergency Relief and complex service delivery: Towards better outcomes. Queensland University of Technology, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.211133.
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Emergency Relief (ER) is a Department of Social Services (DSS) funded program, delivered by 197 community organisations (ER Providers) across Australia, to assist people facing a financial crisis with financial/material aid and referrals to other support programs. ER has been playing this important role in Australian communities since 1979. Without ER, more people living in Australia who experience a financial crisis might face further harm such as crippling debt or homelessness. The Emergency Relief National Coordination Group (NCG) was established in April 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to advise the Minister for Families and Social Services on the implementation of ER. To inform its advice to the Minister, the NCG partnered with the Institute for Governance at the University of Canberra to conduct research to understand the issues and challenges faced by ER Providers and Service Users in local contexts across Australia. The research involved a desktop review of the existing literature on ER service provision, a large survey which all Commonwealth ER Providers were invited to participate in (and 122 responses were received), interviews with a purposive sample of 18 ER Providers, and the development of a program logic and theory of change for the Commonwealth ER program to assess progress. The surveys and interviews focussed on ER Provider perceptions of the strengths, weaknesses, future challenges, and areas of improvement for current ER provision. The trend of increasing case complexity, the effectiveness of ER service delivery models in achieving outcomes for Service Users, and the significance of volunteering in the sector were investigated. Separately, an evaluation of the performance of the NCG was conducted and a summary of the evaluation is provided as an appendix to this report. Several themes emerged from the review of the existing literature such as service delivery shortcomings in dealing with case complexity, the effectiveness of case management, and repeat requests for service. Interviews with ER workers and Service Users found that an uplift in workforce capability was required to deal with increasing case complexity, leading to recommendations for more training and service standards. Several service evaluations found that ER delivered with case management led to high Service User satisfaction, played an integral role in transforming the lives of people with complex needs, and lowered repeat requests for service. A large longitudinal quantitative study revealed that more time spent with participants substantially decreased the number of repeat requests for service; and, given that repeat requests for service can be an indicator of entrenched poverty, not accessing further services is likely to suggest improvement. The interviews identified the main strengths of ER to be the rapid response and flexible use of funds to stabilise crisis situations and connect people to other supports through strong local networks. Service Users trusted the system because of these strengths, and ER was often an access point to holistic support. There were three main weaknesses identified. First, funding contracts were too short and did not cover the full costs of the program—in particular, case management for complex cases. Second, many Service Users were dependent on ER which was inconsistent with the definition and intent of the program. Third, there was inconsistency in the level of service received by Service Users in different geographic locations. These weaknesses can be improved upon with a joined-up approach featuring co-design and collaborative governance, leading to the successful commissioning of social services. The survey confirmed that volunteers were significant for ER, making up 92% of all workers and 51% of all hours worked in respondent ER programs. Of the 122 respondents, volunteers amounted to 554 full-time equivalents, a contribution valued at $39.4 million. In total there were 8,316 volunteers working in the 122 respondent ER programs. The sector can support and upskill these volunteers (and employees in addition) by developing scalable training solutions such as online training modules, updating ER service standards, and engaging in collaborative learning arrangements where large and small ER Providers share resources. More engagement with peak bodies such as Volunteering Australia might also assist the sector to improve the focus on volunteer engagement. Integrated services achieve better outcomes for complex ER cases—97% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. The research identified the dimensions of service integration most relevant to ER Providers to be case management, referrals, the breadth of services offered internally, co-location with interrelated service providers, an established network of support, workforce capability, and Service User engagement. Providers can individually focus on increasing the level of service integration for their ER program to improve their ability to deal with complex cases, which are clearly on the rise. At the system level, a more joined-up approach can also improve service integration across Australia. The key dimensions of this finding are discussed next in more detail. Case management is key for achieving Service User outcomes for complex cases—89% of survey respondents either agreed or strongly agreed this was the case. Interviewees most frequently said they would provide more case management if they could change their service model. Case management allows for more time spent with the Service User, follow up with referral partners, and a higher level of expertise in service delivery to support complex cases. Of course, it is a costly model and not currently funded for all Service Users through ER. Where case management is not available as part of ER, it might be available through a related service that is part of a network of support. Where possible, ER Providers should facilitate access to case management for Service Users who would benefit. At a system level, ER models with a greater component of case management could be implemented as test cases. Referral systems are also key for achieving Service User outcomes, which is reflected in the ER Program Logic presented on page 31. The survey and interview data show that referrals within an integrated service (internal) or in a service hub (co-located) are most effective. Where this is not possible, warm referrals within a trusted network of support are more effective than cold referrals leading to higher take-up and beneficial Service User outcomes. However, cold referrals are most common, pointing to a weakness in ER referral systems. This is because ER Providers do not operate or co-locate with interrelated services in many cases, nor do they have the case management capacity to provide warm referrals in many other cases. For mental illness support, which interviewees identified as one of the most difficult issues to deal with, ER Providers offer an integrated service only 23% of the time, warm referrals 34% of the time, and cold referrals 43% of the time. A focus on referral systems at the individual ER Provider level, and system level through a joined-up approach, might lead to better outcomes for Service Users. The program logic and theory of change for ER have been documented with input from the research findings and included in Section 4.3 on page 31. These show that ER helps people facing a financial crisis to meet their immediate needs, avoid further harm, and access a path to recovery. The research demonstrates that ER is fundamental to supporting vulnerable people in Australia and should therefore continue to be funded by government.
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Thomas, Catherine, and Lynne Koontz. 2020 national park visitor spending effects: Economic contributions to local communities, states, and the nation. National Park Service, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2286547.
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The National Park Service (NPS) manages the Nation’s most iconic destinations that attract millions of visitors from across the Nation and around the world. Trip-related spending by NPS visitors generates and supports economic activity within park gateway communities. This report summarizes the annual economic contribution analysis that measures how NPS visitor spending cycles through local economies, generating business sales and supporting jobs and income. In 2020, the National Park System received over 237 million recreation visits (down 28% from 2019). Visitors to national parks spent an estimated $14.5 billion in local gateway regions (down 31% from 2019). The estimated contribution of this spending to the national economy was 234,000 jobs, $9.7 billion in labor income, $16.7 billion in value added, and $28.6 billion in economic output. The lodging sector saw the highest direct effects, with $5 billion in economic output directly contributed to this sector nationally. The restaurants sector saw the next greatest effects, with $3 billion in economic output directly contributed to this sector nationally. Results from the Visitor Spending Effects report series are available online via an interactive tool. Users can view year-by-year trend data and explore current year visitor spending, jobs, labor income, value added, and economic output effects by sector for national, state, and local economies. The interactive tool is available at https://www.nps.gov/subjects/socialscience/vse.htm.
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Lerche, Jon, Bahram Dehghan, Ishita Sharma, Peter Enevoldsen, Michael Ax, Bjørnar Thorsen, Ramina Siamandu, Emily Tynes, and Tharsika Pakeerathan Srirajan. Electrification of Scandinavian Ports : An Interreg project - final report. Det Kgl. Bibliotek, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/aul.460.
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The SETS II project facilitates a faster conversion to sustainable electrical operations in the ports of the Kattegat-Skagerrak Region. It aims at ensuring a green and flexible energy supply in port areas and a reduction in CO2 and particle emissions. The regional ports will be models, which can further contribute to the promotion of a full-scale sustainable transport system in the cross-border region. SETS II promotes cross-border and cross-sector cooperation in the region regarding new methods, approaches, and solutions related to port electrification. Cooperation has been conducted across university environments, public actors, business promotion organizations, local authorities, utilities, advisors and private companies. The project supports ports in preparing electrification plans with an accompanying strategy for implementation. It focuses on electrification and potential battery operation in maritime areas as well as technical service, business models, and financing models.
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Gachot, Sebastien, Carmine Paolo De Salvo, and Gonzalo Rondinone. Analysis of Agricultural Policies in Jamaica (2015-2019). Inter-American Development Bank, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003901.
Full textAbstract:
The agricultural sector plays a crucial role in Jamaicas economic development by contributing to employment (15.93% of the active population in 2019; higher than the regional average) and exports (18% of total exports in 2019). This monograph offers an update of the Producer Support Estimate (PSE) methodology applied to Jamaica for the period 2015-2019 and documents the evolution of agricultural policies-related GHG emissions over the same period. Between 2015 and 2019, the market price support remained, by far, the main PSE component in Jamaica, heavily concentrated in the poultry subsector, followed by sugar. The positive trend in non-distorting General Service Support Estimate (GSSE) observed between 2012 and 2014 came to a halt. %GSSE even slightly decreased between 2015 and 2019, making Jamaica lag even further behind other countries. Concerning the GHG emissions, the picture has not changed significantly either. The poultry and sugar subsectors remained those that received most policy support and those that emitted the most. Several policy recommendations arise from this report, such as a shift away from an over-reliance of policy support on MPS and an increased focus on less-distortive forms of support, such as GSSE. Additional R&D investments, physical infrastructures, climate risk management systems would help address some of the agricultural sectors most pressing productivity and profitability issues. Lastly, it is advisable to diversify and rebalance the support provided by agricultural policies across subsectors to better align agricultural policy goals with GHG emissions reduction objective.
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Féry, Guillaume. The Digital Journey of Water and Sanitation Utilities in Latin America and The Caribbean: What is at Stake and How to Begin. Edited by Marcello Basani and Xoán Fernández. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004562.
Full textAbstract:
This discussion paper provides a foundation for digital transformation of water and sanitation utilities and illustrates how emerging technologies, new types of organizations, and forms of working can improve service performance and address issues related to water and wastewater management, with a focus on Latin America and the Caribbean. It also explores the fundamental dimensions of digital transformation of organizations, beyond technology, highlighting the importance of the human side of things, as well as operational impacts associated with data profusion, systems integration and interconnectivity. Finally, it shows examples of how decision-making has evolved for some front-runners, from planned and reactive operations to proactive and data-driven utilities. It aims to answer the following questions: What does digital transformation mean for the Water and Sanitation sector? What lessons can be learned from peers around the world? What are the learning points for the LAC region, considering the specific local context and its priorities? The authors also want to offer some tangible illustrations and actionable insights for professionals, wherever their organizations stand along the journey to a fully digital, connected, and data-driven company. The target audience is anyone interested in this sector, with a special focus on key actors in the ecosystem (such as regulators as well as practitioners). The goal of this paper is to raise awareness among people from water and sanitation utilities and, most importantly, provide them with insights to get started with their digital journey.
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Robinson, Andy. Monitoring and Evaluation for Rural Sanitation and Hygiene: Framework. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.027.
Full textAbstract:
The monitoring and evaluation (M&E) Guidelines and Framework presented in this document (and in the accompanying M&E Indicator Framework) aim to encourage stakeholders in the rural sanitation and hygiene sector to take a more comprehensive, comparable and people focused approach to monitoring and evaluation. Many M&E frameworks currently reflect the interests and ambitions of particular implementing agencies – that is, community-led total sanitation (CLTS) interventions focused on open-defecation free (ODF) outcomes in triggered communities; market-based sanitation interventions focused on the number of products sold and whether sanitation businesses were profitable; and sanitation finance interventions reporting the number of facilities built using financial support. Few M&E frameworks have been designed to examine the overall sanitation and hygiene situation – to assess how interventions have affected sanitation and hygiene outcomes across an entire area (rather than just in specific target communities); to look at who (from the overall population) benefitted from the intervention, and who did not; to report on the level and quality of service used; or examine whether public health has improved. Since 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have extended and deepened the international monitoring requirements for sanitation and hygiene. The 2030 SDG sanitation target 6.2 includes requirements to: • Achieve access to adequate sanitation and hygiene for all • Achieve access to equitable sanitation and hygiene for all • End open defecation • Pay special attention to the needs of women and girls • Pay special attention to those in vulnerable situations The 2030 SDG sanitation target calls for universal use of basic sanitation services, and for the elimination of open defecation, both of which require M&E systems that cover entire administration areas (i.e. every person and community within a district) and which are able to identify people and groups that lack services, or continue unsafe practices. Fortunately, the SDG requirements are well aligned with the sector trend towards system strengthening, in recognition that governments are responsible both for the provision of sustainable services and for monitoring the achievement of sustained outcomes. This document provides guidelines on the monitoring and evaluation of rural sanitation and hygiene, and presents an M&E framework that outlines core elements and features for reporting on progress towards the 2030 SDG sanitation target (and related national goals and targets for rural sanitation and hygiene), while also encouraging learning and accountability. Given wide variations in the ambition, capacity and resources available for monitoring and evaluation, it is apparent that not all of the M&E processes and indicators described will be appropriate for all stakeholders. The intention is to provide guidelines and details on useful and progressive approaches to monitoring rural sanitation and hygiene, from which a range of rural sanitation and hygiene duty bearers and practitioners – including governments, implementation agencies, development partners and service providers – can select and use those most appropriate to their needs. Eventually, it is hoped that all of the more progressive M&E elements and features will become standard, and be incorporated in all sector monitoring systems.
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Robinson, Andy. Monitoring and Evaluation for Rural Sanitation and Hygiene: Framework. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2021.025.
Full textAbstract:
The monitoring and evaluation (M&E) Guidelines and Framework presented in this document (and in the accompanying M&E Indicator Framework) aim to encourage stakeholders in the rural sanitation and hygiene sector to take a more comprehensive, comparable and people focused approach to monitoring and evaluation. Many M&E frameworks currently reflect the interests and ambitions of particular implementing agencies – that is, community-led total sanitation (CLTS) interventions focused on open-defecation free (ODF) outcomes in triggered communities; market-based sanitation interventions focused on the number of products sold and whether sanitation businesses were profitable; and sanitation finance interventions reporting the number of facilities built using financial support. Few M&E frameworks have been designed to examine the overall sanitation and hygiene situation – to assess how interventions have affected sanitation and hygiene outcomes across an entire area (rather than just in specific target communities); to look at who (from the overall population) benefitted from the intervention, and who did not; to report on the level and quality of service used; or examine whether public health has improved. Since 2015, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have extended and deepened the international monitoring requirements for sanitation and hygiene. The 2030 SDG sanitation target 6.2 includes requirements to: • Achieve access to adequate sanitation and hygiene for all • Achieve access to equitable sanitation and hygiene for all • End open defecation • Pay special attention to the needs of women and girls • Pay special attention to those in vulnerable situations The 2030 SDG sanitation target calls for universal use of basic sanitation services, and for the elimination of open defecation, both of which require M&E systems that cover entire administration areas (i.e. every person and community within a district) and which are able to identify people and groups that lack services, or continue unsafe practices. Fortunately, the SDG requirements are well aligned with the sector trend towards system strengthening, in recognition that governments are responsible both for the provision of sustainable services and for monitoring the achievement of sustained outcomes. This document provides guidelines on the monitoring and evaluation of rural sanitation and hygiene, and presents an M&E framework that outlines core elements and features for reporting on progress towards the 2030 SDG sanitation target (and related national goals and targets for rural sanitation and hygiene), while also encouraging learning and accountability. Given wide variations in the ambition, capacity and resources available for monitoring and evaluation, it is apparent that not all of the M&E processes and indicators described will be appropriate for all stakeholders. The intention is to provide guidelines and details on useful and progressive approaches to monitoring rural sanitation and hygiene, from which a range of rural sanitation and hygiene duty bearers and practitioners – including governments, implementation agencies, development partners and service providers – can select and use those most appropriate to their needs. Eventually, it is hoped that all of the more progressive M&E elements and features will become standard, and be incorporated in all sector monitoring systems.
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McIntyre, Phillip, Susan Kerrigan, and Marion McCutcheon. Australian Cultural and Creative Activity: A Population and Hotspot Analysis: Coffs Harbour. Queensland University of Technology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.208028.
Full textAbstract:
Coffs Harbour on the north coast of NSW is a highway city sandwiched between the Great Dividing Range and the Pacific Ocean. For thousands of years it was the traditional land of the numerous Gumbaynggirr peoples. Tourism now appears to be the major industry, supplanting agriculture and timber getting, while a large service sector has grown up around a sizable retirement community. It is major holiday destination. Located further away from the coast in the midst of a dairy farming community, Bellingen has become a centre of alternative culture which relies heavily on a variety of festivals activated by energetic tree changers and numerous professionals who have relocated from Sydney. Both communities rely on the visitor economy and there have been considerable changes to how local government in this region approach strategic planning for arts and culture. The newly built Coffs Harbour Education Campus (CHEC) is an experiment in encouraging cross pollination between innovative businesses and education and incorporates TAFE NSW, Coffs Harbour Senior College and Southern Cross University as well as the Coffs Harbour Technology Park and Coffs Harbour Innovation Centre all on one site. The 250 seat Jetty Memorial Theatre is the main theatre in Coffs Harbour for local and touring productions while local halls and converted theatres are the mainstay of smaller communities in the region. As peak body Arts Mid North Coast reports, there is a good record of successful arts related events which range across all genres of music, art, sculpture, Aboriginal culture, street art, literature and even busking and opera. These are mainly managed by passionate local volunteers.