Journal articles on the topic 'Service-level agreements Evaluation'
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Berbée, Rieneke G., Paul Gemmel, Brenda Droesbeke, Hugo Casteleyn, and Darline Vandaele. "Evaluation of hospital service level agreements." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 22, no. 5 (July 17, 2009): 483–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09526860910975599.
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Netes, V. A. "SERVICE LEVEL AGREEMENTS AND DEPENDABILITY." Dependability 17, no. 4 (November 22, 2017): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21683/1729-2646-2017-17-4-27-30.
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The Service Level Agreement (SLA) is an efficient and proven tool for regulation of the relations between the supplier and the user of services that is designed to ensure their quality. Such agreements are well known and successfully used in the information and communication industry. They are also applicable in other areas. Essentially, SLA stipulates certain requirements for the service level of which the fulfilment is guaranteed by the provider. In case of SLA violation the service provider is usually financially liable. As a rule, in such cases the user is remunerated with a discount for services provided in the following accounting period. Dependability requirements are an important part of the SLA. The purpose of this paper is to familiarize a wide range of experts from various industries with the general matters of SLA application and the aspects related to the dependability requirements specification. The paper refers to the relevant documents of international standardization organizations (ITU, ISO/IEC, ETSI, TMForum) and the Russian standards. Recommendations are given for selecting the dependability indicators and standard values to be included in the SLA, as well as for defining the amounts of compensation payed by service providers to the customers in case of non-compliance with requirements for the availability factor. The availability factor is normally used in the SLA as the primary dependability indicator that defines the allowable total time of non-operability over the specified base period. Additionally, a client might be interested in restricting the duration of each individual downtime as well. For that purpose, the guaranteed recovery time can also be specified and exceeding this time would be deemed an SLA violation. The choice of the standard values for inclusion in the SLA is a search for a compromise between the intent to satisfy the user requirements and the wish to get ahead of the competition on the one hand and the requirement to ensure the feasibility of the assumed obligations and minimize the risk of SLA violation that involve financial and reputational losses on the other hand. Therefore, before proposing an SLA to a customer, a service provider must thoroughly analyze its actual ability to make sure that the probability of SLA requirements violation is sufficiently low. The computational or computational and experimental methods are suggested for its evaluation. The amount of compensation for a violation depends on its gravity, i.e. the achieved and the standard values of an indicator. In practice, this relation is usually expressed with a step (piecewise constant) function. A formula is proposed that expresses the theoretical relation between the relative amount of compensation for violation of the availability factor requirements and the severity of violation and the standard value of this indicator. It can be used in defining the technically substantiated reference for SLA conditions development and assessment, of which the value will be relevant to both the service providers and users.
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Diamantopoulou, Vasiliki, and Haralambos Mouratidis. "Practical evaluation of a reference architecture for the management of privacy level agreements." Information & Computer Security 27, no. 5 (November 11, 2019): 711–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ics-04-2019-0052.
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Purpose The enforcement of the General Data Protection Regulation imposes specific privacy- and -security related requirements that any organisation that processes European Union citizens’ personal data must comply with. The application of privacy- and security-by-design principles are assisting organisation in achieving compliance with the Regulation. The purpose of this study is to assist data controllers in their effort to achieve compliance with the new Regulation, by proposing the adoption of the privacy level agreement (PLA). A PLA is considered as a formal way for the data controllers and the data subjects to mutually agree the privacy settings of a service provisioned. A PLA supports privacy management, by analysing privacy threats, vulnerabilities and information systems’ trust relationships. Design/methodology/approach However, the concept of PLA has only been proposed on a theoretical level. To this aim, two different domains have been selected acting as real-life case studies, the public administration and the health care, where special categories of personal data are processed. Findings The results of the evaluation of the adoption of the PLA by the data controllers are positive. Furthermore, they indicate that the adoption of such an agreement facilitates data controllers in demonstrating transparency of their processes. Regarding data subjects, the evaluation process revealed that the use of the PLA increases trust levels on data controllers. Originality/value This paper proposes a novel reference architecture to enable PLA management in practice and reports on the application and evaluation of PLA management.
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Dienbauer, Christian, Benedikt Pittl, and Erich Schikuta. "A Penalty-Aware Cloud Monitoring System based on Blockchains." Journal of Data Intelligence 2, no. 3 (September 2021): 301–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26421/jdi2.3-1.
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Today, traded cloud services are described by service level agreements that specify the obligations of providers such as availability or reliability. Violations of service level agreements lead to penalty payments. The recent development of prominent cloud platforms such as the re-design of Amazon's spot marketspace underpins a trend towards dynamic cloud markets where consumers migrate their services continuously to different marketspaces and providers to reach a cost-optimum. This leads to a heterogeneous IT infrastructure and consequently aggravates the monitoring of the delivered service quality. Hence, there is a need for a transparent penalty management system, which ensures that consumers automatically get penalty payments from providers in case of service violations. \newline In the paper at hand, we present a cloud monitoring system that is able to execute penalty payments autonomously. In this regard, we apply smart contracts hosted on blockchains, which continuously monitor cloud services and trigger penalty payments to consumers in case of service violations. For justification and evaluation we implement our approach by the IBM Hyperledger Fabric framework and create a use case with Amazon's cloud services as well as Azures cloud services to illustrate the universal design of the presented mechanism.
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Cahill, Brian. "Precise evaluation of Building Performance through the availability of dynamic building data and a Building Information Model (BIM)." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2012 (January 1, 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2012.1.
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All Buildings need to provide and maintain consistent user comfort while at the same time be efficient in their use of energy with a focus on reducing operation costs and CO2 footprint. It is a natural business need to have our building stock operating efficiently. A building that operates efficiently is one where most characteristics of the building can be monitored and evaluated while responding with essential actuation. Facility Management companies enter into service level agreements with building owners where they must provide a quality of service to all occupants and building stakeholders. It is currently impossible to precisely document how a specific zone in a building is performing, or will perform, in relation to user comfort, energy usage and cost (maintenance, running costs) if no sub-metering or accurate systemic details are present for that zone. This PhD research proposes a solution to this problem by integrating a Dynamic Building ...
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Fatin, Hadi Zare, Shahram Jamali, and Gholamreza Zare Fatin. "Data Replication in Large Scale Content Delivery Networks: A Genetic Algorithm Approach." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 12 (June 22, 2018): 1850189. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812661850189x.
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Content delivery networks (CDN) bring the content close to the users employing the replicated servers. In this context, main issue is allocation of the content replicas to these geographically distributed replica servers. The allocation goal is to minimize the storage and the delivery costs and at the same time to satisfy service-level agreements. In this paper, a mixed integer programming (MIP) formulation for the problem of the allocation has been proposed and then by utilization of the genetic algorithm (GA) its optimum solutions were extracted. Numerical evaluation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms others in terms of the storage cost, delivery cost and computation complexity.
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SINGH, AMRIK, PUNEET JAIN, and AJAY KUMAR. "OPTIMAL TASK SCHEDULING FOR CLOUD COMPUTING USING RAO ALGORITHM." INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING & APPLIED SCIENCES 10, no. 3 (July 10, 2022): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.55083/irjeas.2022.v10i03003.
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Internet-based provision of computer resources is known as cloud computing. It is possible to utilise data that is controlled by a third party or some other individual at a distant place through cloud computing. Service Level Agreements (SLAs) are used by the majority of Cloud providers to define the services they provide. As part of the SLA, the service provider promises a certain level of quality of the service. Computing and data clouds are two sorts of clouds in a cloud-based system. In cloud technology, task scheduling is critical to ensuring service quality and SLA. One of the most important aspects of cloud computing is a well-organized work schedule. In this article, we have designed an optimal task scheduling method using RAO approach. The RAO algorithm is simple, required number of parameters, and required no tuning of parameters as compared to the other algorithm. Further, a multi-objective function is designed based on RAO algorithm performs the optimal scheduling. The performance evaluation is done by considering number of tasks such as 50,100,200, 300,400, and 500. Further, number of performance metrics are determined for it. The outcomes represents that the presented technique provides lesser values of AWT, ATT, and make span over the existing method.
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Odun-Ayo, Isaac, Toro-Abasi Williams, Olusola Abayomi-Alli, and Jamaiah Yahaya. "Systematic mapping study of economic and business models of cloud services." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 18, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 987. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v18.i2.pp987-994.
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<p><span>Cloud computing is a business paradigm wherein computers and computing related services are provided by Cloud Service Providers to consumers either as software, development platform, or infrastructure. From an economic and business perspective, Cloud services involve cost, ownership quality of service and service level agreements. There are studies on economic and business models of cloud services on the cloud landscape especially in the area of pricing. Despite this, there is still a dearth of papers in this area of study. The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic mapping study to collect all relevant research on economic and business models of Cloud services. A systematic map provides a structured overview in a particular research area. The representation of the mapping process offers unique course-grained overview of the results. The results are presented in terms of research such as evaluation and solution, and contribution such as tools and method utilized. The results showed that there are more publications on pricing models in relation to tools with 6.87% and model with 14.5%, more publications on economic and business implications in terms of method with 11.45%, more publications on Cloud market in term of processes with 6.87%, more papers on security in the area of evaluation with 8.55% and validation research with 6.58%, and more papers on Cloud markets with respect to experience with 4.61% and validation with 5.92%. The research gaps identified in this study should motivate researchers to carry out more mapping studies in the field.</span></p>
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Khan, Fawad Ali, Rafidah Md Noor, Miss Laiha Mat Kiah, Ismail Ahmedy, Mohd Yamani, Tey Kok Soon, and Muneer Ahmad. "Performance Evaluation and Validation of QCM (Query Control Mechanism) for QoS-Enabled Layered-Based Clustering for Reactive Flooding in the Internet of Things." Sensors 20, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010283.
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Internet of Things (IoT) facilitates a wide range of applications through sensor-based connected devices that require bandwidth and other network resources. Enhancement of efficient utilization of a heterogeneous IoT network is an open optimization problem that is mostly suffered by network flooding. Redundant, unwanted, and flooded queries are major causes of inefficient utilization of resources. Several query control mechanisms in the literature claimed to cater to the issues related to bandwidth, cost, and Quality of Service (QoS). This research article presented a statistical performance evaluation of different query control mechanisms that addressed minimization of energy consumption, energy cost and network flooding. Specifically, it evaluated the performance measure of Query Control Mechanism (QCM) for QoS-enabled layered-based clustering for reactive flooding in the Internet of Things. By statistical means, this study inferred the significant achievement of the QCM algorithm that outperformed the prevailing algorithms, i.e., Divide-and-Conquer (DnC), Service Level Agreements (SLA), and Hybrid Energy-aware Clustering Protocol for IoT (Hy-IoT) for identification and elimination of redundant flooding queries. The inferential analysis for performance evaluation of algorithms was measured in terms of three scenarios, i.e., energy consumption, delays and throughput with different intervals of traffic, malicious mote and malicious mote with realistic condition. It is evident from the results that the QCM algorithm outperforms the existing algorithms and the statistical probability value “P” < 0.05 indicates the performance of QCM is significant at the 95% confidence interval. Hence, it could be inferred from findings that the performance of the QCM algorithm was substantial as compared to that of other algorithms.
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Shelton, Katherine H., Coralie Merchant, and Jane Lynch. "The Adopting Together Service: how innovative collaboration is meeting the needs of children in Wales waiting the longest to find a family." Adoption & Fostering 44, no. 2 (July 2020): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308575920920390.
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Significant concerns remain in many countries about the high numbers of children needing an adoptive placement relative to the low numbers of prospective adopters, the high level of long-term therapeutic support needs for many adopted children and their families, and whether there are appropriate services to meet them. There has been an increase in ‘priority’ children waiting over 12 months to find a family. These are often children aged four years and over, in care with siblings, with additional needs or developmental uncertainties and from minority ethnic backgrounds. The financial and emotional costs of long-term fostering when plans are changed are huge. This article describes a major development in child care practice in Wales that has occurred over the past two years. The Adopting Together Service (ATS) involves a unique, innovative and multi-layered collaboration between the voluntary adoption agencies (VAAs – non-governmental charities) and regional adoption teams (statutory agencies) to secure permanence for children who wait the longest to find families. It explains how the ATS has been developed and embedded, including an account of the referral process, the approach to recruitment, linking and matching, and therapeutic activity before, during and after placement. It also describes the process of securing sustainable social procurement under the guidance of the British Standard for Collaborative Working (ISO 44001; British Standard Institute, 2017), the creation of a Joint Relationship Management Plan between VAAs, and the implementation of service level agreements between the voluntary and statutory sectors. These developments are considered in the context of the Welsh Government’s implementation of the Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) Act 2015, which lays out collaborative expectations to the statutory sector as one of its sustainable development principles. The article concludes with an initial evaluation of progress, noting challenges to the service and the views of the social workers, foster carers and adoptive parents involved.
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Su, Hang, Tao Yang, Kan Wang, Baoqi Sun, and Xuhai Yang. "Evaluation of Precipitable Water Vapor Retrieval from Homogeneously Reprocessed Long-Term GNSS Tropospheric Zenith Wet Delay, and Multi-Technique." Remote Sensing 13, no. 21 (November 8, 2021): 4490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13214490.
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Water vapor is one of the most important greenhouse gases in the world. There are many techniques that can measure water vapor directly or remotely. In this work, we first study the Global Positioning System (GPS)- and the Global Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS)-derived Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) time series based on 11 years of the second reprocessing campaign of International Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) Service (IGS) using 320 globally distributed stations. The amount of measurement, the local environment, and the antenna radome are shown to be the main factors that affect the GNSS ZWDs and the corresponding a posteriori formal errors. Furthermore, antenna radome is able to effectively reduce the systematic bias of ZWDs and a posteriori formal errors between the GPS- and GLONASS-based solutions. With the development of the GLONASS, the ZWD differences between the GPS- and the GLONASS-based solutions have gradually decreased to sub-mm-level after GLONASS was fully operated. As the GPS-based Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) is usually used as the reference to evaluate the other PWV products, the PWV consistency among several common techniques is evaluated, including GNSSs, spaceborne sensors, and numerical products from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF). As an example of the results from a detailed comparison analysis, the long-term global analysis shows that the PWV obtained from the GNSS and the ECMWF have great intra-agreements. Based on the global distribution of the magnitude of the PWV and the PWV drift, most of the techniques showed superior agreement and proved their ability to do climate research. With a detailed study performed for the ZWDs and PWV on a long-term global scale, this contribution provides a useful supplement for future research on the GNSS ZWD and PWV.
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LÓPEZ-CASASANOVAS, GUILLEM. "Organizational innovations and health care decentralization: a perspective from Spain." Health Economics, Policy and Law 2, no. 2 (April 2007): 223–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744133107004070.
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Abstract:Recent policy developments in public health care systems lead to a greater diversity in health care. Decentralization, either geographically or at an institutional level, is the key force, because it encourages innovation and local initiatives in health care provision. The devolution of responsibilities allows for a sort of ‘deconstruction’ of the status quo by changing both organizational forms and service provision. The new organizations enjoy greater freedom in the way they pay their staff, and are judged according to the results. These organizations may retain financial surpluses, develop ‘spin-off’ companies, and commission a range of specialized services (such as Diagnostic and Treatment Centres in UK) from providers outside the institutional setting in order to have more access to capital markets. However, this diversity may generate a feeling of a lack of commitment to a national health service and ultimately a loss of social cohesion. Through fiscal decentralization to regional authorities or planned delegation of financial agreements to providers, financial incentives are more explicit and may seem to place profit making above a commitment to better health care. An evaluation of the ‘myths and realities’ of the decentralization process is needed. Here, I offer an assessment of the ‘pros’ and ‘cons’ of the health care decentralization process in Spain, drawing on the experience of regional reforms from the pioneering organizational innovations implemented in Catalonia in 1981, up to the currently observed dispersion of health care spending per capita across the regions.
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Towe, Vivian L., Laura Bogart, Ryan McBain, Lisa Wagner, Clare Stevens, Shira Fischer, and Sarah MacCarthy. "Mixed-methods study of integration of housing and medical data systems for enhanced service coordination of people with HIV." International Journal of Care Coordination 23, no. 1 (March 2020): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2053434520913206.
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Introduction Housing is a determinant of HIV-related medical outcomes. Care coordination has been successfully used to treat patients with HIV and can be improved through electronic exchange of patient data, including housing data. Methods Primary data were collected from four sites across the U.S., each comprising partnerships between local HIV medical and housing providers. Between March 2017 and May 2018, we conducted a mixed-methods evaluation, focusing on preparatory activities, implementation of tasks related to data integration, and service coordination. Nineteen focus group discussions were conducted with providers, organizational leaders, and clients. Ten interviews were conducted with data system vendors and administrators. Site visits, logs, and progress reports provided information about data integration progress and other activities. Results Key activities included changes to client consent, setting up data use agreements, and planning with data system vendors. Sites selected one of three models: one-way data transmission between two systems, bidirectional transmission between two systems, and integration into one data system. Focus group discussion themes included: challenges of using existing data systems; concerns about the burden of learning a new data system; and potential benefits to providers and client, such as having more time to spend delivering client services. Discussion Using health information technologies to share data has widespread support, but uptake is still met with resistance from end users. The additional level of complexity differentiating this study from others is the exchange of data between service providers and care providers, but sites were able to accomplish this goal by navigating extensive barriers.
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Weissenfels, Anja, Wolfgang Geidl, Eriselda Mino, Inga Naber, Sarah Klamroth, Peter Gelius, Karim Abu-Omar, and Klaus Pfeifer. "Development, implementation, evaluation and scaling-up of physical activity referral schemes in Germany: protocol for a study using a co-production approach." BMJ Open 11, no. 3 (March 2021): e045563. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045563.
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IntroductionPhysical activity referral schemes (PARSs) are recommended to promote physical activity (PA) among adults at risk of developing or with established non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In Germany, this kind of referral schemes has not yet been implemented systematically and nationwide. In this study protocol, we present the methodological design of a co-production research study aimed at establishing a PARS for adults with NCDs in German primary healthcare.Methods and analysisWe will employ a co-production approach consistently throughout the four project phases: (1) development of the PARS; (2) preparation period; (3) implementation and evaluation; (4) development of a strategic plan for scaling up the PARS to the national level as part of standard care. The first phase will additionally include a status quo analysis of the existing physical activity pathways nationwide as well as an overview of international PARS models. A pragmatic trial design will be used for evaluating the developed PARS. The co-production approach will involve relevant actors in the German healthcare system, namely, healthcare service providers (eg, physicians, exercise professionals), health insurance providers, exercise providers, patients’ representatives, experts in the development and implementation of educational concepts, and scientists from the fields of sports science and public health.Ethics and disseminationThe project has been reviewed and approved by the ethics committee of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (ethics approval number: 331_20 B). Through cooperation agreements, the stakeholders involved gave their consent to participate and were informed about the study in detail. The results of this study will be disseminated by international conference presentations and peer-reviewed publications, and if possible, a manual for the use of the PARS will be provided.
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Yussuff, Abayomi Isiaka O., and Kabir Momoh. "Performance evaluation of some rain attenuation prediction models at coastal locations at 12 and 40 GHz." Global Journal of Earth and Environmental Science 6, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/gjees2021.095.
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This work concerns the evaluation of the performances of some selected rain attenuation models at two different locations in Lagos, Nigeria at 12 and 40 GHz. Scarcity of rainfall data in the tropical regions resulted in abysmal research efforts into the causes and solutions to satellite signal outages, this was further exacerbated by the convective tropical rain precipitations. The globally adopted ITU-R model, had been declared unsuitable for predicting rain attenuation in the tropics by several researchers in the literature. Two-year (January 2016 to December 2017) local rainfall data were sourced from the Nigerian Meteorological Services (NIMET) for two coastal stations (Ikeja and Oshodi). Rain attenuation exceeded for rain rate at 0.01% of the time, was computed after the 1-hour rain rate integration time which was sourced from NIMET was converted to 1-minute integration time. Attenuation exceeded for other percentages of time were also obtained using statistical interpolation and extrapolation methods. The collected data were tested with ITU-R, SST, SAM, DAH and Silva Mello et al. For Ikeja at 12 GHz, the SST was observed to closely match the measurement attenuation at 0.01%≤p≤1% of time exceeded; closely followed by Silver Mello. For Oshodi also at 12 GHz, SST intersected with the measured attenuation at 0.01%≤p≤0.03%, and p=0.1% of time. However, at 40 GHz, all the prediction models performed poorly by underestimating the measurement for Ikeja, although SST showed the best effort. The SST model matched the measurement, especially at p=0.03% and p=0.5% for Oshodi at 40 GHz, closely followed by Silva Mello which matched the measurement at p=0.05% and p=0.1%, while ITU-R, SAM and DAH largely underestimated the measurement. The SST was therefore affirmed the overall best performed rain attenuation prediction model for both stations at both frequency bands; closely followed by the Silva Mello. ITU-R, SAM and DAH on the other hand performed poorly. The findings arising from this work could present useful information to satellite equipment designers and manufacturers, while at the same time ensuring that service providers conform to the required service level agreements
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Koniyo, Yuniarti. "PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN USAHA OLAHAN HASIL PERIKANAN." Jurnal Abdimas Gorontalo (JAG) 3, no. 1 (April 29, 2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.30869/jag.v3i1.551.
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ABSTRAK
Tujuan utama kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah 1) Meningkatkan sikap peduli, empati mahasiswa terhadap kondisi perekonomian masyarakat melalui penerapan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEKS) dalam olahan hasil perikanan serta memberikan pelayanan keilmuan praktis dan bantuan teknologi riil yang sangat dibutuhkan masyarakat. 2) Mengembangkan semangat entrepreneurship dengan berpikir kreatif dalam memecahkan masalah dan persoalan kelompok masyarakat dengan mengembangkan pola kemandirian usaha perikanan melalui penerapan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi (IPTEKS) dalam olahan hasil perikanan. Metode yang diterapkan dalam kerangka pemberdayaan kelompok masyarakat pada program pengabdian adalah antara lain: kegiatan observasi, wawancara, focus group discussion (FGD), penyuluhan, pelatihan,pendampingan, pembimbingan, monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa capaian program utama dan program tambahan pengabdian di Desa Modelomo Kecamatan Kabila Bone Kabupaten Bone Bolango dapat dilaksanakan dan terealisasi 100% sesuai dengan rencana dan kesepakatan semua pihak termasuk aparat desa, masyarakat dan tim pengabdi. Hasil evaluasi tingkat pemahaman tentang penguasaan materi pengabdian diperoleh hasil bahwa masyarakat sekitar 85 % terjadi peningkatan wawasan, pengetahuan dan pemahaman tentang penerapan ilmu dan teknologi dalam pembuatan olahan hasil perikanan berupa krupuk cakalang dan sosis ikan.
Kata Kunci : Pemberdayaan, masyarakat, olahan hasil perikanan
ABSTRACT
The main objectives of this dedication activity are 1) Improving students' caring and empathy attitudes towards the economic conditions of the society through the application of science and technology (IPTEKS) in processed fishery products and providing practical scientific services and real technology assistance that is needed by the society. 2) Developing the spirit of entrepreneurship by thinking creatively in solving problems and problems of society groups by developing patterns of independence of fisheries businesses through the application of science and technology (IPTEKS) in processed fishery products. The methods applied in the framework of society group empowerment in the service program include: observation activities, interviews, focus group discussions (FGD), counseling, training, mentoring, guidance, monitoring and evaluation The evaluation results of society service activities show that the main program achievements and additional service programs in Modelomo Village, Kabila Bone District, Bone Bolango District can be implemented and realized 100% in accordance with the plans and agreements of all parties including village officials, the society and the service team. The results of the evaluation level of material understanding obtained that the society around 85% there was an increase in insight, knowledge and understanding of the application of science and technology in the manufacture of processed fishery products in the form of cakalang crackers and fish sausages.
Keywords: Empowerment, society, processed fishery products
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Kalynichenko, Yuliia, and Veronika Shvets. "METHODOLOGY OF GAS STATIONS EVALUATION." Economic Analysis, no. 31(1) (2021): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2021.01.114.
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Introduction. In Ukraine, the transit traffic flow, the number of freight, passenger and private vehicles is growing every year, which leads to a constant increase in the number of gas stations. The gas station market is a market of stiff competition, closed to beginners. It is almost impossible for non-affiliated persons to obtain information on real purchase and sale agreements. In view of this fact, the issue of developing methodological and applied principles for estimating the cost of gas stations and identifying generalizing trends in its dynamics is relevant. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the methodological provisions and develop methodological and practical recommendations for determining the cost of gas stations. Method (methodology). To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: factor analysis, synthesis, systematization and generalization, the method of causation, system analysis, graphical method. Results. In the paper the factors that affect the cost of gas stations is identified, the determinants of which are the location, brand, number of filling stations, storage capacity and speed of service. It is substantiated that the main conditions for adequate assessment of gas stations are a practical understanding of the peculiarities of doing business, the state of the industry, prospects and forecasts of its development, as well as a detailed analysis of the market. An analysis of the gas station market was carried out, based on the results of which the level of fuel prices, minimum and maximum prices for different types of fuel in Ukraine were determined. It is proved that the main methodological approach used in the evaluation of gas stations is the income approach. An algorithm for calculating the cost of gas stations has been developed. It is not possible to build a cash flow model if there is no qualitative forecast of the expected amount of profit, which is directly affected by the past experience of the entity. Therefore, when evaluating gas stations, it is necessary to use the data contained in the financial reporting forms. To confirm the stability of income, it is useful to analyze the stable ratios and general trends between turnover (potential gross income) and key cost items, such as procurement, staff costs, etc. The necessity of determining the size of the share of the value of the land plot in the total cost of gas stations is substantiated. The value of the land is determined by the balance of income that falls on it. The formula for calculating this ratio is given. The components of costs for the construction of gas stations are determined.
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Zinchenko, Victor, and Roman Hyshchuk. "QUALITY OF TOURISM SERVICES AS A FACTOR IN EUROPEAN INTEGRATION PROCESSES." BULLETIN OF CHERNIVTSI INSTITUTE OF TRADE AND ECONOMICS I, no. 85 (March 16, 2022): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.34025/2310-8185-2022-1.85.08.
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The article analyzes one of the key factors of tourist services, which is the quality of service. This issue has a particular relevance in connection with the process of guiding the tourism industry to global standards, which in turn is an integral part of the general European integration processes of Ukraine. It is obvious that tourism has become almost the first stage of European level of service standards for our compatriots. Novelty of the study is systematization of the main periods in achieving high quality services, under conditions of independent Ukraine and new economic relations. The authors used and analyzed the system of tourist enterprises "Sputnik", historically one of the leading local founders of the modern hospitality industry. Characteristic of service quality evaluation methods is an important component of the article. Considering current challenges, it is worth paying attention to an analysis of the main trends in the tourism industry recommendations for preserving service quality due to the restrictive effects caused by the worldwide corona virus pandemic and war conditions. The key problem of Ukraine's European integration processes was and remains the quality of goods (services) produced in our country. The processes of its improvement and compliance with world standards is a prerequisite for European integration, as evidenced by the directives of the European Parliament and the EU Council, as well as the relevant agreements between the Government of Ukraine and the European Commission. Various methods of scientific research, namely analysis, observation and comparison, are used in the main body of the paper. The results of the research can be used by the tourism business to develop European quality standards that will accelerate the overcoming of the crisis, deepened by COVID-19 and the war in our country, and meet the requirements that will allow Ukraine to become a full member of the EU. Taking into account that the declared topic on the quality of tourist services is a rather broad concept it would be reasonable to study separately the quality of its components, namely,hotel service and catering, transport service and excursion component. All this could be the subject of separate studies. Taking the EU countries' achievements in these issues as the criteria of it, would be appropriate to use a comparative research method and focus on the characterization of the quality issue and its improvement in the post-pandemic and post-war periods.
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Horwood, Jeremy, Andrew Morden, Jayne E. Bailey, Neha Pathak, and Gene Feder. "Assessing for domestic violence in sexual health environments: a qualitative study." Sexually Transmitted Infections 94, no. 2 (August 4, 2017): 88–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053322.
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ObjectivesDomestic violence and abuse (DVA) is a major clinical challenge and public health issue. Sexual health services are an important potential site of DVA intervention. The Assessing for Domestic Violence in Sexual Health Environments (ADViSE) intervention aimed to improve identification and management of DVA in sexual healthcare settings and is a modified version of the Identification and Referral to Improve Safety (IRIS) general practice programme. Our qualitative evaluation aimed to explore the experiences of staff participating in an IRIS ADViSE pilot.MethodsInterviews were conducted with 17 sexual health clinic staff and DVA advocate workers. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, anonymised and analysed thematically.ResultsStaff prioritised enquiring about DVA and tailored their style of enquiry to the perceived characteristics of patients, current workload and individual clinical judgements. Responding to disclosures of abuse was divided between perceived low-risk cases (with quick onwards referral) and high-risk cases (requiring deployment of institution safeguarding procedures), which were viewed as time consuming and could create tensions with patients. Ongoing training and feedback, commissioner recognition, adequate service-level agreements and reimbursements are required to ensure sustainability and wider implementation of IRIS ADViSE.ConclusionsChallenges of delivering and sustaining IRIS ADViSE included the varied styles of enquiry, as well as tensions and additional time pressure arising from disclosure of abuse. These can be overcome by modifying initial training, providing regular updates and stronger recognition (and resources) at policy and commissioning levels.
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Rotileanu, Adina. "Marketers’ expanded role to increase internal customer satisfaction in organizational change." Proceedings of the International Conference on Business Excellence 11, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 454–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/picbe-2017-0049.
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Abstract During times of change, when companies are going through major transformations like mergers, acquisitions, organizational re-structuring or culture change, marketing faces the challenge to implement the new strategy as scheduled, with no delays or changes. Internal customer change acceptance plays a significant role in this endeavor and marketers need to expand their role and complement Human Resources strategy to building trust between decision makers and employees, to learn and understand past issues and to find solutions. In this circumstance, marketers’ have to identify the variables that generally influence internal customer satisfaction and develop them in marketing tools aimed to increase it to the level that strategy is accepted and implemented faster than using only Human Resources mechanisms. This paper is a result of marketing practice in medium and large companies that went through organizational change. The goal of this case study is to create, based on time, discipline and cross-functional skills variables, a model of efficient processes and evaluation of marketing actions that will increase employees’ trust in change management decisions and will lead to their support and engagement. The three independent variables allowed researcher to study the complex relationship between internal client satisfaction phenomena, organizational change context and thirty-six cross-functional employees including management, ultimately to answer how these variables can be used by marketers to get the internal customer change buy-in. The research showed that the new developed marketing tools, that is to say a process flow associated with sustainable procedures and Service Level Agreements, increased internal customer satisfaction and contributed to smooth and consistent marketing strategy implementation, as scheduled. This result means the theory that marketers role in times of organizational change, besides regular Key Performance Indicators regarding the external client, expanded to complement Human Resources towards increasing internal customer satisfaction, determines a faster change acceptance, was validated.
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Marudhadevi, D., V. Neelaya Dhatchayani, and V. S. Shankar Sriram. "A Trust Evaluation Model for Cloud Computing Using Service Level Agreement." Computer Journal 58, no. 10 (November 17, 2014): 2225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/comjnl/bxu129.
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Sheaff, Rod, Nigel Charles, Ann Mahon, Naomi Chambers, Verdiana Morando, Mark Exworthy, Richard Byng, Russell Mannion, and Sue Llewellyn. "NHS commissioning practice and health system governance: a mixed-methods realistic evaluation." Health Services and Delivery Research 3, no. 10 (March 2015): 1–184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr03100.
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BackgroundBy 2010 English health policy-makers had concluded that the main NHS commissioners [primary care trusts (PCTs)] did not sufficiently control provider costs and performance. After the 2010 general election, they decided to replace PCTs with general practitioner (GP)-controlled Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs). Health-care commissioners have six main media of power for exercising control over providers, which can be used in different combinations (‘modes of commissioning’).ObjectivesTo: elicit the programme theory of NHS commissioning policy and empirically test its assumptions; explain what shaped NHS commissioning structures; examine how far current commissioning practice allowed commissioners to exercise governance over providers; examine how commissioning practices differ in different types of commissioning organisation and for specific care groups; and explain what factors influenced commissioning practice and the relationships between commissioners and providers.DesignMixed-methods realistic evaluation, comprising: Leximancer and cognitive frame analyses of policy statements to elicit the programme theory of NHS commissioning policy; exploratory cross-sectional analysis of publicly available managerial data about PCTs; systematic comparison of case studies of commissioning in four English sites – including commissioning for older people at risk of unplanned hospital admission; mental health; public health; and planned orthopaedic surgery – and of English NHS commissioning practice with that of a German sick-fund and an Italian region (Lombardy); action learning sets, to validate the findings and draw out practical implications; and two framework analyses synthesising the findings and testing the programme theory empirically.ResultsIn the four English case study sites, CCGs were formed by recycling former commissioning structures, relying on and maintaining the existing GP commissioning leaderships. The stability of distributed commissioning depended on the convergence of commissioners’ interests. Joint NHS and local government commissioning was more co-ordinated at strategic than operational level. NHS providers’ responsiveness to commissioners reflected how far their interests converged, but also providers’ own internal ability to implement agreements. Commissioning for mental health services and to prevent recurrent unplanned hospital readmissions relied more on local ‘micro-commissioning’ (collaborative care pathway design) than on competition. Service commissioning was irrelevant to intersectoral health promotion, but not clinical prevention work. On balance, the possibility of competition did not affect service outcomes in the ways that English NHS commissioning policies assumed. ‘Commodified’ planned orthopaedic surgery most lent itself to provider competition. In all three countries, tariff payments increased provider activity and commissioners’ costs. To contain costs, commissioners bundled tariff payments into blocks, agreed prospective case loads with providers and paid below-tariff rates for additional cases. Managerial performance, negotiated order and discursive control were the predominant media of power used by English, German and Italian commissioners.ConclusionsCommissioning practice worked in certain respects differently from what NHS commissioning policy assumed. It was often laborious and uncertain. In the four English case study sites financial and ‘real-side’ contract negotiations were partly decoupled, clinician involvement being least on the financial side. Tariff systems weakened commissioners’ capacity to choose providers and control costs. Commissioners adapted the systems to solve this problem. Our findings suggest a need for further research into whether or not differently owned providers (corporate, third sector, public, professional partnership, etc.) respond differently to health-care commissioners and, if so, what specific implications for commissioning practice follow. They also suggest that further work is needed to assess how commissioning practices impact on health system integration when care pathways have to be constructed across multiple providers that must tender competitively for work, perhaps against each other.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme.
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Close, James, Ben Fosh, Hannah Wheat, Jane Horrell, William Lee, Richard Byng, Michael Bainbridge, et al. "Longitudinal evaluation of a countywide alternative to the Quality and Outcomes Framework in UK General Practice aimed at improving Person Centred Coordinated Care." BMJ Open 9, no. 7 (July 2019): e029721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029721.
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ObjectivesTo evaluate a county-wide deincentivisation of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) payment scheme for UK General Practice (GP).SettingIn 2014, National Health Service England signalled a move towards devolution of QOF to Clinical Commissioning Groups. Fifty-five GPs in Somerset established the Somerset Practice Quality Scheme (SPQS)—a deincentivisation of QOF—with the goal of redirecting resources towards Person Centred Coordinated Care (P3C), especially for those with long-term conditions (LTCs). We evaluated the impact on processes and outcomes of care from April 2016 to March 2017.Participants and designThe evaluation used data from 55 SPQS practices and 17 regional control practices for three survey instruments. We collected patient experiences (‘P3C-EQ’; 2363 returns from patients with 1+LTC; 36% response rate), staff experiences (‘P3C-practitioner’; 127 professionals) and organisational data (‘P3C-OCT’; 36 of 55 practices at two time points, 65% response rate; 17 control practices). Hospital Episode Statistics emergency admission data were analysed for 2014–2017 for ambulatory-sensitive conditions across Somerset using interrupted time series.ResultsPatient and practitioner experiences were similar in SPQS versus control practices. However, discretion from QOF incentives resulted in time savings in the majority of practices, and SPQS practice data showed a significant increase in P3C oriented organisational processes, with a moderate effect size (Wilcoxon signed rank test; p=0.01; r=0.42). Analysis of transformation plans and organisational data suggested stronger federation-level agreements and informal networks, increased multidisciplinary working, reallocation of resources for other healthcare professionals and changes to the structure and timings of GP appointments. No disbenefits were detected in admission data.ConclusionThe SPQS scheme leveraged time savings and reduced administrative burden via discretionary removal of QOF incentives, enabling practices to engage actively in a number of schemes aimed at improving care for people with LTCs. We found no differences in the experiences of patients or healthcare professionals between SPQS and control practices.
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Serohina, T. V. "The system of protection of the rights of children as a object of government policy." Public administration aspects 6, no. 11-12 (February 20, 2019): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/151875.
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There is no doubt that the evaluation system should be an integral part of the management of any sphere. However, in the context of this study, the actuality is exacerbated by the fact that children are one of the most vulnerable strata of Ukrainian society. Insufficient attention to problematic issues in this area entails consequences for each child as well as for society as a whole. evidence of the priority of this direction of state policy is the participation of the state in a number of international documents in this area, which include the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, the agreements within the framework of the Council of Europe and the Hague Conference on Private International Law, the Convention on Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction, European Convention on the Exercise of Children’s Rights, Convention on contact with children, etc. Despite the declared principles and high level of financing, there are no noticeable changes. Consequently, it is considered necessary to introduce into the management the evaluation system, which will answer a number of questions: Have the planned results been achieved? How positive were the assumptions about the results of the policy / program / project? How effective, productive and sustainable are the changes? Evaluating the results of the policy / program / project gives feedback on the achievement of the policy / program / project objectives and objectives. In the context of the research it is impossible not to take into account the features of the service sphere, which include the following: the object of evaluation is the activities of the organization providing the service; the complexity of the numerical expression of the quality of services; the consumer of the service itself acts as a participant in the process of rendering the service; therefore, the quality must meet its expectations; services are not stored, they are realized in the process of contact with the consumer.On the other hand, the peculiarities of the sphere of children’s rights protection should also be taken into account, as it is impossible to assess the degree of satisfaction of needs, which is one of the important indicators in assessing the effectiveness of public services. This is due to the fact that children do not represent real consumers, that is, those who decide for themselves, need help or not, should be arranged in the residential institution or not, what requirements for the services provided to them and t. The National Strategy for the Reform of the Institutional Care and the Rearing of Children for 2017-2026 is intended to promote the development of a system for protecting children’s rights under the new principles. Among other things, the document provides the basis for applying evaluation as one of the key points in achieving the goals set in the Strategy. First, the Strategy contains elements of the preliminary assessment, which is carried out before the implementation of the program documents, and creates the preconditions for conducting qualitative evaluation at subsequent stages. In particular, the document discloses existing problems, describes the institutional structure, identifies the indicators, including the number of children in institutions of institutional care and upbringing of children, the percentage of children who have orphan status or a child deprived of parental care, the number of children, who have a disability, etc.Secondly, the Strategy contains a basis for evaluating the effectiveness. In particular, the Action Plan for the implementation of Stage I of the Strategy defines the measures responsible for implementation, terms of implementation and indicators. Indicators include: the number of children covered by inclusive education; the number of orphans provided with housing, children deprived of parental care; the number of children who are raised in institutions of institutional care and upbringing of children, etc.Thirdly, the Strategy contains data on the expected results, which include: the suspension of placement by the year 2020 of children up to three years of age prior to institutional care and upbringing; the termination by 2026 of activity of all types of institutional care institutions and the upbringing of children in which more than 15 pupils live; providing children and families with children with access to services according to their needs in each territorial community, etc.To date, the establishment of a regional Register of children of institutional care and education institutions (electronic database) has been started, which will provide an opportunity to receive updated data on the number of pupils in institutions and their needs in terms of settlements and to plan content and volume support services for children returning from institutional institutions to the community and their families.
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Renzaho, Andre M. N., Michael J. Polonsky, Ahmed Ferdous, Adnan Yusuf, Julianne Abood, Bukola Oladunni Salami, Kerry Woodward, and Julie Green. "Establishing the psychometric properties of constructs from the conceptual ‘Settlement Services Literacy’ framework and their relationship with migrants’ acculturative stress in Australia." PLOS ONE 17, no. 4 (April 5, 2022): e0266200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266200.
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Background Effective migration often requires supports for new arrivals, referred to as settlement services. Settlement services literacy (SSL) is key to ensuring new migrants have the capability to access and utilise the information and services designed to support the resettlement process and achieve positive settlement outcomes. To date, however, no research has sought to empirically validate measures of SSL or to assess individual migrants’ levels of SSL. The aim of this study was to establish the psychometric properties of constructs from the conceptual SSL framework. Design Using a snowball sampling approach, trained multilingual research assistants collected data on 653 participants. The total sample was randomly divided into two split-half samples: one for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA; N = 324) and the other for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; N = 329) and scale validation. The final SSL scale included 30 questions. The full data set was used to test the nomological validity of the scale regarding whether the components of SSL impact on migrants’ level of acculturative stress. Results The EFA yielded five factors: knowledge (eight items, α = 0.88), empowerment (five items, α = 0.89), competence (four items, α = 0.86), community influence (four items, α = 0.82), and political (two items, α = 0.81). In the CFA, the initial model demonstrated a poor to marginal fit model. Its re-specification by examining modification indices resulted in a good model fit: CMIN/DF = 3.07, comparative fit index = 0.92, root mean square error of approximation = 0.08 and standardised root mean square residual = 0.07, which are consistent with recommendations. All the path coefficients between the second-order construct (SSL) and its five dimensions (knowledge, empowerment, competence, community influence and political) were significant at an α = .05 level, giving evidence for the validity of different SSL dimensions. We found that SSL is significantly related to migrants’ acculturative stress (β = - 0.39, p < 0.05) in the nomological model. Conclusions The study provides evidence of the construct validity and reliability of the SSL tool. It provides the basis for integrating the measures of SSL into evaluation of settlement services. This will allow for more effective decision-making in designing and implementing settlement services as well as funding and service agreements to address any deficiencies.
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Suzuki, Masahiko, and Michitaka Kosaka. "A Proposition of a New Service Value Evaluation Model based on the SLA Concept for Social Infrastructure Service." International Journal of Knowledge and Systems Science 9, no. 4 (October 2018): 66–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijkss.2018100104.
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This article proposes a new service value evaluation model for social infrastructure services. Existing service concepts or models are designed based on direct interaction between providers and customers. The service provider provides customized service to grow each customer's satisfaction. In contrast, social infrastructure service have few direct interactions between providers and customers. In addition, the provider cannot provide customized service to each customer. Because the social infrastructure service has different characteristics, this article proposes a new service concept “SISLA (Social Infrastructure Service Level Agreement)” based on the concept of SLA (Service Level Agreement). Furthermore, this article proposes a new service value evaluation model. This article shows the validity of the SISLA evaluation model by applying this model to an actual case. For social infrastructure service providers, this model may be able to make an appropriate decision to provide better service for customers while ensuring provider's profits.
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Zinchenko, V. "New standards of tour service as a factor of Ukraine’s European integration." Вісник Київського національного лінгвістичного університету. Серія Історія, економіка, філософія, no. 25 (September 14, 2022): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.32589/2412-9321.25.2020.264352.
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The article analyses one of the key factors of tourist services, which is quality of service. This issue has a particular relevance in connection with the process of guiding the tourism industry to global standards, which in turn is an integral part of the general European integration processes of Ukraine, especially in view of granting it the status of a candidate country for EU accession. It is obvious that tourism has become almost the first stage of the European level of service standards for our compatriots.Novelty of the research is systematization of the main periods in achievement of service quality in the conditions of independent Ukraine and new economic relations. The author used and analyzed the system of tourist enterprises “Sputnik”, historically one of the leading founders of modern hospitality industry. An important component of the article is a characteristic of service quality evaluation methods. Given today’s topical issues, an analysis of the main trends in the tourism industry due to the restrictive effects caused by the worldwide coronavirus pandemic, and recommendations for preserving service quality in these conditions are worthy of attention. Of particular value are the conclusions on the preservation of tourism service standards under wartime conditions. Russia’s widespread aggression against Ukraine, has made the tourism industry in our country a global challenge, comprehension of the consequences of which requires a comprehensive analysis and scientific and practical comprehension. Relevance. The key problem of Ukraine’s European integration processes has been and remains the quality of goods (services) produced in our country. The processes of improving it and bringing it in line with global standards is a prerequisite for European integration, as evidenced by the directives of the European Parliament and the EU Council, as well as relevant agreements between the Ukrainian government and the European Commission and decisions to grant Ukraine the status of a candidate for EU accession.Statement of the Problem. As a consequence, the problem statement of this study is extremely relevant and significant, since it is devoted to quality issues as one of the most important in European integration processes.Research objective. With this research the author makes an attempt to contribute to scientific and theoretical comprehension of tourist services quality factor as an important component on the way to comprehensive European integration of Ukraine. At the same time, practical aspects of this research are important, highlighting the experience of existing tourist structures, formation of certain recommendations to improve quality in the hospitality industry, especially in conditions of force majeure processes.Methodology. To disclose the problem different methods of scientific research are involved, namely analysis, observation, comparison, which are used in the main part of the work.The quality of goods (in the process of its research) is the tourist service) devoted to the works and scientific and methodological publications of a considerable number of scientists and specialists in the field of hospitality industry: Y. Alekseev (features of modern Ukrainian ethnopolitics in the context of European integration issues), N. Alyoshugina (problems of creating a tourist image of Ukraine), R. Gischuk (determination of tourism impact on development and management of hospitality infrastructure in a crisis period), V. Kifiak (advantages and problems of development of hotel infrastructure in Ukraine), V. Zinchenko, E. Dubczak (problems of force majeure impact on the hospitality industry).However, despite the large number of works, the issue of quality, and tourism services in particular, in today’s realities, especially in relation to the restrictive measures triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic and the actual state of war remains extremely relevant and requires further scientific reflection.It is the need for additional scientific understanding of the concept of quality of tourism services as a factor of European integration processes that led to the results of the work in part:− systematization of the main periods of service quality development under conditions of independent Ukraine and new economic relations, which became possible in the period after 1991;− forming characteristics of modern trends in tourism and key concepts of quality, their relationship to international standards;− To analyze ways of preserving the quality of tourism services in connection with the restrictive effects caused by the world pandemic coronavirus and a state of war.Prospects for further research. Taking into account that the declared topic on the quality of tourist services is a rather broad concept, it would be reasonable to study separately the quality of its components, namely hotel service and catering, transport service, excursion component.All this could be the subject of separate studies.Taking the criteria of the EU countries’ achievements in these issues, it would be appropriate to use a comparative research method and focus on the characterization of the quality issue.
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Ogbonnaya, Ugorji I. "THE RELIABILITY OF STUDENTS’ EVALUATION OF TEACHING AT SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL." Problems of Education in the 21st Century 77, no. 1 (February 14, 2019): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.33225/pec/19.77.97.
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The Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET), although controversial, is a common practice at the higher education level for faculty appraisals and promotions, but seldom at secondary school level. Concerns have been raised as to whether students are informed and experienced enough to evaluate teachers’ teaching practices in a reliable way and arrive at valid outcomes. The purpose of this research was to explore the reliability of students’ evaluations of mathematics teaching at secondary school level. This research involved eight teachers, and 194 Grade 11 students from eight secondary schools in Bojanala District, North West province in South Africa. A SET questionnaire was developed, validated and used for data collection. The data were analysed by calculating the average deviation index of the students’ evaluations of each teacher per item and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) with SPSS. This was done using one-way random effects, absolute agreement and a multiple raters/measurements model. Both the ADI and ICC values showed a high degree of reliability of the SET. Hence, SET at secondary school level may provide a reliable indication of teachers’ educational practices that might be used for the formative assessment of teachers’ instruction. It can also assist in designing teacher training programmes for pre-service teachers and professional development programmes for in-service teachers. Keywords: Average Deviation Index, Intraclass Correlation Coefficient, reliability of SET, secondary school, student evaluation of teaching (SET).
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B.M. Mansour, Merrihan, Tamer Abdelkader, Mohamed Hashem, and El-Sayed M. El-Horbaty. "An integrated three-tier trust management framework in mobile edge computing using fuzzy logic." PeerJ Computer Science 7 (September 15, 2021): e700. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.700.
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Mobile edge computing (MEC) is introduced as part of edge computing paradigm, that exploit cloud computing resources, at a nearer premises to service users. Cloud service users often search for cloud service providers to meet their computational demands. Due to the lack of previous experience between cloud service providers and users, users hold several doubts related to their data security and privacy, job completion and processing performance efficiency of service providers. This paper presents an integrated three-tier trust management framework that evaluates cloud service providers in three main domains: Tier I, which evaluates service provider compliance to the agreed upon service level agreement; Tier II, which computes the processing performance of a service provider based on its number of successful processes; and Tier III, which measures the violations committed by a service provider, per computational interval, during its processing in the MEC network. The three-tier evaluation is performed during Phase I computation. In Phase II, a service provider total trust value and status are gained through the integration of the three tiers using the developed overall trust fuzzy inference system (FIS). The simulation results of Phase I show the service provider trust value in terms of service level agreement compliance, processing performance and measurement of violations independently. This disseminates service provider’s points of failure, which enables a service provider to enhance its future performance for the evaluated domains. The Phase II results show the overall trust value and status per service provider after integrating the three tiers using overall trust FIS. The proposed model is distinguished among other models by evaluating different parameters for a service provider.
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Ampririt, Phudit, Ermioni Qafzezi, Kevin Bylykbashi, Makoto Ikeda, Keita Matsuo, and Leonard Barolli. "FSSLA: A Fuzzy-based scheme for slice service level agreement in 5G wireless networks and its performance evaluation." Journal of High Speed Networks 28, no. 1 (February 11, 2022): 47–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jhs-220678.
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The Software-Defined Network (SDN) with Network Slicing will be a good approach for admission control in the Fifth Generation (5G) wireless network, which is planned to be adaptable to meet user requirements. The system’s resources are limited, and the number of devices is growing much faster than it can handle. So, the overloading problem will be a very critical problem. To deal with these problems, this paper presents a Fuzzy-based Scheme for Service Level Agreement (SLA) evaluation (FSSLA). We compare two models: FSSLA1 and FSSLA2. The FSSLA1 considers three input parameters: Reliability (Re), Availability (Av), Latency (La) and the output parameter is SLA. In FSSLA2, we consider Traffic Load (Tl) as a new parameter. From simulation results, we conclude that the considered parameters have different effects on the SLA. When Re and Av are increasing, the SLA parameter is increased but when La and Tl are increasing, the SLA parameter is decreased. When the Tl value is changed from 20% to 80%, the SLA is decreased by 16.62% when Re 10%, Av 90% and the La value is 1 ms. When the Re is increased from 10% to 90% and 50% to 90% and the Tl value is 50%, the Av is 50% and the La is 1 ms, the SLA is increased by 22.76% and 11.38%, respectively.
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Kim, Chul-min, Min-jun Kim, Hyun-su Youn, and Joo-hyug Jung. "Exploring Skills in Observing Teaching Competency through Video Evaluation of Class Demonstrations by Pre-Service Physical Education Teachers." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 24, 2023): 2183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15032183.
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This study aimed to evaluate the level of skill in observing teaching competency in pre-service physical education (PE) teachers and provide basic data to cultivate teaching competency. A total of 21 third-year pre-service PE teachers were selected as participants. The study derived descriptive statistics to analyze the participants’ observation skills regarding teaching competency in different class stages using evaluation results of class demonstrations by pre-service teachers. The Mann–Whitney U test was conducted to verify the statistical significance of the evaluation between in-service and pre-service teachers. Compared with in-service teachers, pre-service teachers reported high agreement with intuitive teaching behaviors. However, pre-service teachers indicated low agreement with skills that required complex teaching behaviors depending on various situations. Based on theories by Schon (1983), pre-service teachers showed high “knowledge for practice” and low “knowledge in practice.” The present study confirmed that pre-service PE teachers tended to have high propositional knowledge and low methodological knowledge regarding teaching. Pre-service teacher education requires an approach that harmonizes theory- and practice-centered education. This study provided directions for pre-service teacher education to enhance the competency of pre-service teachers for leading and analyzing classes.
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Shao, Zuo Zhi, Ying Cao, and Bo Hao Cheng. "A Quantitative Evaluation Method Based on Hierarchical Architecture Model of Cloud Service Availability." Applied Mechanics and Materials 571-572 (June 2014): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.571-572.11.
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Today, cloud service has evolved as a network centric, service oriented computing model. Consumers purchase computational resources and network accesses on demand without worrying about the underlying technologies used. However, the concerns of security, reliability and service response availability are also increasing. Although cloud service providers usually committed to the availability scope of Service Level Agreement (SLA), most cloud tenants do not understand the inherent complexity. There is an apparent lack of ability to assess the risks when choosing cloud platform. From the perspective of the cloud computing service layer model, this paper defines and analyses a quantitative evaluation method of the availability of cloud service. And it proposes the concepts of availability unit (AU), availability set (AS), standalone availability (SA) and deployment availability (DA). Also discusses the algorithm relationships among all levels of IaaS, PaaS and SaaS on cloud computing service.
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Conway, C., P. W. G. Surgenor, T. B. Thekiso, A. Moore, A. Campion, A. Tormey, and G. Rush. "Client personal recovery and recovery orientation of an Irish suicide intervention charity." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 35, no. 2 (August 2, 2017): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2016.18.
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BackgroundRecovery is a key goal for individuals, and services’ recovery orientation can facilitate this process. The independent mental health sector is increasingly important in Ireland, particularly in counselling and suicide prevention. We aimed to evaluate Pieta House as a recovery-oriented service through clients’ self-rated recovery; and clients’ and therapists’ evaluation of the service.MethodsClients completing therapy over a 3-month period were invited to complete the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) and the Recovery Self Assessment-Revised (RSA-R). Therapists completed the RSA-R staff version.ResultsResponse rate was 36.7% for clients (n=88), 98% for therapists (n=49). Personal recovery was endorsed by 73.8% of clients, with highest agreement for factors ‘Willingness to Ask for Help’ (84.5%), and ‘Reliance on Others’ (82.1%). A smaller number agreed with factors ‘Personal Confidence and Hope’ (61.3%) and ‘No Domination by Symptoms’ (66.6%). Clients’ and therapists’ evaluation of the service showed high levels of agreement with factors of ‘Choice’ (90.9% clients, 100% therapists); ‘Life Goals’ (84.1% clients, 98% therapists) and ‘Individually Tailored Services’ (80.6% clients, 79.6% therapists). Client involvement in service management had the lowest level of agreement (36.4% clients, 30.6% therapists). Clients’ self-rated recovery correlated with their rating of the service (correlation value 0.993, p=0.01).ConclusionsClients’ self-rated recovery and the recovery orientation of Pieta House were rated highly, with areas for improvement in service user involvement, peer support and advocacy. The correlation of personal recovery and recovery orientation of the service may merit further study.
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Gokulnath, K., and Rhymend Uthariaraj. "Game Theory Based Trust Model for Cloud Environment." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/709827.
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The aim of this work is to propose a method to establish trust at bootload level in cloud computing environment. This work proposes a game theoretic based approach for achieving trust at bootload level of both resources and users perception. Nash equilibrium (NE) enhances the trust evaluation of the first-time users and providers. It also restricts the service providers and the users to violate service level agreement (SLA). Significantly, the problem of cold start and whitewashing issues are addressed by the proposed method. In addition appropriate mapping of cloud user’s application to cloud service provider for segregating trust level is achieved as a part of mapping. Thus, time complexity and space complexity are handled efficiently. Experiments were carried out to compare and contrast the performance of the conventional methods and the proposed method. Several metrics like execution time, accuracy, error identification, and undecidability of the resources were considered.
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Kazemzadeh, Khashayar, Aliaksei Laureshyn, Lena Winslott Hiselius, and Enrico Ronchi. "Expanding the Scope of the Bicycle Level-of-Service Concept: A Review of the Literature." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (April 7, 2020): 2944. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072944.
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Research into the bicycle level-of-service (BLOS) has been extensively conducted over the last three decades. This research has mostly focused on user perceptions of comfort to provide guidance for decision-makers and planners. Segments and nodes were studied first, followed by a network evaluation. Besides these investigations, several variables have also been utilized to depict the users’ perspectives within the BLOS field, along with other cycling research domains that simultaneously scrutinized the users’ preferences. This review investigates the variables and indices employed in the BLOS area in relation to the field of bicycle flow and comfort research. Despite general agreement among existing BLOS variables and the adopted indices, several important research gaps remain to be filled. First, BLOS indices are often categorized based on transport components, while scarce attention has been paid to BLOS studies in trip-end facilities such as bicycle parking facilities. The importance of these facilities has been highlighted instead within research related to comfort. Second, the advantages of separated bike facilities have been proven in many studies; however, scarce research has addressed the challenges associated with them (e.g., the heterogeneity within those facilities due to the presence of electric bikes and electric scooters). This issue is clearly noticeable within the research regarding flow studies. Furthermore, network evaluation (in comparison to segment and node indices) has been studied to a lesser extent, whereas issues such as connectivity can be evaluated mainly through a holistic approach to the system. This study takes one step toward demonstrating the importance of the integration of similar research domains in the BLOS field to eliminate the aforementioned shortcomings.
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Alladi, K., J. T. Santoso, T. Cannada, B. O'FARREL, and R. L. Coleman. "Subjective versus objective nutritional assessment study in women with gynecological cancer: a prospective cohort trial." International Journal of Gynecologic Cancer 14, no. 2 (2004): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-00009577-200403000-00006.
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ObjectiveNutritional evaluation of cancer patients may lead to treatment intervention that reduces morbidity and mortality. This evaluation can be done subjectively or objectively. We studied the correlation between subjective and objective nutritional assessment in gynecological oncology patients.MethodsSixty-seven consecutive patients admitted to the gynecological oncology service were prospectively evaluated by laboratory criteria using a standardized formula. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) consists of tests measuring albumin, transferrin, triceps skin fold, and skin sensitivity reaction to common antigens. The patients were also subjectively evaluated using a standardized questionnaire and physical examination, known as the subjective global assessment, by two clinicians who were blinded from the PNI results. Both scores were categorized as normal, mild malnutrition, or severe malnutrition. Reproducibility of the subjective testers and consistency between the subjective and the objective evaluations were assessed with a weighted kappa statistic.ResultsCancer distribution consisted of 39 (58%) cervical, 16 (24%) endometrial, 11 (16%) ovarian, and one (2%) vulvar carcinomas. There was a high level of agreement between the two subjective raters (weighted kappa = 0.797; 95% CI 0.67–0.92). Furthermore, there were no cases in which the ratings differed by two points on the three-point ordered scale of nutritional status. Agreement between the two evaluation methods was only fair to moderate (weighted kappa = 0.435; 95% CI 0.28–0.59). Agreement was exact in 38 of 67 patients (57%). There were eight patients (12%) where the difference in ratings differed by two points on the ordinal scale, all with the subjective scored as normal, but the objective rated as severe malnourishment.ConclusionIn assessing nutritional status of gynecological patients, subjective assessment differs with objective/laboratory measurement.
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Orellana, Julio Proaño, Blanca Caminero, Carmen Carrión, Luis Tomas, Selome Kostentinos Tesfatsion, and Johan Tordsson. "FPGA-Aware Scheduling Strategies at Hypervisor Level in Cloud Environments." Scientific Programming 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4670271.
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Current open issues regarding cloud computing include the support for nontrivial Quality of Service-related Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and reducing the energy footprint of data centers. One strategy that can contribute to both is the integration of accelerators as specialized resources within the cloud system. In particular, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) exhibit an excellent performance/energy consumption ratio that can be harnessed to achieve these goals. In this paper, a multilevel cloud scheduling framework is described, and several FPGA-aware node level scheduling strategies (applied at the hypervisor level) are explored and analyzed. These strategies are based on the use of a multiobjective metric aimed at providing Quality of Service (QoS) support. Results show how the proposed FPGA-aware scheduling policies increment the number of users requests serviced with their SLOs fulfilled while energy consumption is minimized. In particular, evaluation results of a use case based on a multimedia application show that the proposal can save more than 20% of the total energy compared with other baseline algorithms while a higher percentage of Service Level Agreement (SLA) is fulfilled.
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B S, Rajeshwari, M. Dakshayini, and H. S. Guruprasad. "Efficient Task Scheduling and Fair Load Distribution Among Federated Clouds." Journal of ICT Research and Applications 15, no. 3 (December 28, 2021): 216–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/itbj.ict.res.appl.2021.15.3.2.
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The federated cloud is the future generation of cloud computing, allowing sharing of computing and storage resources, and servicing of user tasks among cloud providers through a centralized control mechanism. However, a great challenge lies in the efficient management of such federated clouds and fair distribution of the load among heterogeneous cloud providers. In our proposed approach, called QPFS_MASG, at the federated cloud level, the incoming tasks queue are partitioned in order to achieve a fair distribution of the load among all cloud providers of the federated cloud. Then, at the cloud level, task scheduling using the Modified Activity Selection by Greedy (MASG) technique assigns the tasks to different virtual machines (VMs), considering the task deadline as the key factor in achieving good quality of service (QoS). The proposed approach takes care of servicing tasks within their deadline, reducing service level agreement (SLA) violations, improving the response time of user tasks as well as achieving fair distribution of the load among all participating cloud providers. The QPFS_MASG was implemented using CloudSim and the evaluation result revealed a guaranteed degree of fairness in service distribution among the cloud providers with reduced response time and SLA violations compared to existing approaches. Also, the evaluation results showed that the proposed approach serviced the user tasks with minimum number of VMs.
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Paula Neto, Antonio Candido de, Douglas Hideki Ikeuti, Augusto Braga dos Santos, Rui Dos Santos Barroco, Bruno Rodrigues de Miranda, and Rafael Da Rocha Macedo. "Concordance analysis of adult ankle fracture classifications." Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle 13, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/scijfootankle.2019.v13.885.
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Objective: To analyze the interobserver agreement among physicians in an orthopedy and traumatology service with knowledge and training in adult ankle fracture classifications through radiographic evaluation. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in which the records of 20 patients with a diagnosis of ankle fracture in 2016 (uni-, bi- or trimalleolar), aged older than 18 years or with a closed physis, were studied. The radiographs that met the criteria were analyzed and classified according to the Danis Weber (DW), Lauge-Hansen (LH) and Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen/Orthopaedic Trauma Association (AO/OTA) classifications by two first-year residents, two second-year residents, two third-year residents and two preceptors of the service. The conditions were identical for the observers and were performed individually once. The Kappa coefficient (K) was used to assess agreement. Results: The results showed great interobserver agreement in the DW and LH classifications, with K values equal to 0.69 and 0.64, respectively. The AO/OTA classification showed moderate agreement, with K = 0.47. Conclusion: The DW classification was the most reliable among the three classifications. The AO/OTA classification showed the lowest agreement and was the least reliable, and the LH classification was in between the others. Level of Evidence III, Diagnostic Studies; Study of non consecutive patients; without consistently applied reference “gold” standard.
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Lazeb, Abdenour, Riad Mokadem, and Ghalem Belalem. "A new popularity-based data replication strategy in cloud systems." Multiagent and Grid Systems 17, no. 2 (August 23, 2021): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/mgs-210348.
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Data-intensive cloud computing systems are growing year by year due to the increasing volume of data. In this context, data replication technique is frequently used to ensure a Quality of service, e.g., performance. However, most of the existing data replication strategies just reproduce the same number of replicas on some nodes, which is certainly not enough for more accurate results. To solve these problems, we propose a new data Replication and Placement strategy based on popularity of User Requests Group (RPURG). It aims to reduce the tenant response time and maximize benefit for the cloud provider while satisfying the Service Level Agreement (SLA). We demonstrate the validity of our strategy in a performance evaluation study. The result of experimentation shown robustness of RPURG.
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Phuong, Nguyen Cao, Tran Hong Quan, Sang-Ho Lee, and Jung-Mo Moon. "A NEW QoS GUARANTEE SLA BASED-SCHEME FOR HANDOFF CALLS IN WIRELESS NETWORKS." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 25, no. 1 (November 19, 2017): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.231.
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The most important thing is guarantee QoS over wireless infrastructures. The efficient of service level agreement (SLA) is becoming increasingly important to both service providers and customers. This paper presents some traffic control schemes for improving QoS, trafficmodel and performance evaluation are described. We are defining a new scheme for improving handoff call performances in wireless networks, a finite queuing scheme for the handoff calls. SLA measurement calculates the packet delay parameter (PD) of handoff calls. The handoff calls will be accepted into queue if their PD will be smaller than the average waiting time of the queue. Important performance measures of the suggested scheme such as the blocking probability of new call and dropping probability of handoff call are described and evaluated.
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Lei, Ming Yue, Zheng Huang, Qiao Yan Wen, and Chun Ye Hu. "A Secure Cloud Computing Scaling Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.60.
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Since many Internet enterprises employ the computing resources provided by Cloud Service Provider (CSP), how to dynamically adjust the number of rented servers and improve service quality becomes a crucial subject. A lot of efforts have been made to achieve intelligent energy saving capacity adjustment but scarcely any of them takes the security issue of cloud data into account. In this paper, we focus on the cloud storage security in the cloud computing capacity scaling. We design the security part of the whole model based on the idea of Proofs of Retrievability (POR). In the scaling part of the model, we determine the scaling strategy according to email server instances CPU utilization. With simulation and performance evaluation, we conclude that the designed model is able to enable verifier to check the integrity of the information in the cloud storage and maintain satisfied response time target within Service Level Agreement (SLA).
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Al-Khudairy, Lena, Abimbola Ayorinde, Iman Ghosh, Amy Grove, Jenny Harlock, Edward Meehan, Adam Briggs, Rachel Court, and Aileen Clarke. "Evidence and methods required to evaluate the impact for patients who use social prescribing: a rapid systematic review and qualitative interviews." Health and Social Care Delivery Research 10, no. 29 (September 2022): 1–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/rmjh0230.
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Background Social prescribing encourages health-care and other professionals to refer patients to a link worker, who will develop a personalised plan to improve the patient’s health and well-being. We explore the feasibility of evaluating the service. Objective The objective was to answer the following research questions. (1) What are the most important evaluation questions that an impact study could investigate? (2) What data are already available at a local or national level and what else would be needed? (3) Are there sites delivering at a large enough scale and in a position to take part in an impact study? (4) How could the known challenges to evaluation (e.g. information governance and identifying a control group) be addressed? Data sources Data sources included MEDLINE ALL (via Ovid), searched from inception to 14 February 2019, and the first 100 hits of a Google (Google Inc., Mountain View, CA, USA) search. Review methods Rapid systematic review – electronic searches up to February 2019. Studies included any study design or outcomes. Screening was conducted by one reviewer; eligibility assessment and data extraction were undertaken by two reviewers. Data were synthesised narratively. Qualitative interviews – data from 25 participants in different regions of England were analysed using a pragmatic framework approach across 12 areas including prior data collection, delivery sites, scale and processes of current service delivery, and known challenges to evaluation. Views of key stakeholders (i.e. patients and academics) were captured. Results Rapid systematic review – 27 out of 124 studies were included. We identified outcomes and highlighted research challenges. Important evaluation questions included identification of the most appropriate (1) outcomes and (2) methods for dealing with heterogeneity. Qualitative interviews – social prescribing programmes are holistic in nature, covering domains such as social isolation and finance. Service provision is heterogeneous. The follow-on services that patients access are often underfunded or short term. Available data – there was significant heterogeneity in data availability, format and follow-up. Data were collected using a range of tools in ad hoc databases across sites. Non-attendance data were frequently not captured. Service users are more deprived and vulnerable than the overall practice population. Feasibility and potential limitations of an evaluation – current data collection is limited in determining the effectiveness of the link worker social prescribing model; therefore, uniform data collection across sites is needed. Standardised outcomes and process measures are required. Cost–utility analysis could provide comparative values for assessment alongside other NHS interventions. Limitations This was a rapid systematic review that did not include a systematic quality assessment of studies. COVID-19 had an impact on the shape of the service. We were not able to examine the potential causal mechanisms in any detail. Conclusions We describe possible future research approaches to determine effectiveness and cost-effectiveness evaluations; all are limited in their application. (1) Evaluation using currently available, routinely collected health-care, costing and outcomes data. (2) Evaluative mixed-methods research to capture the complexity of social prescribing through understanding heterogeneous service delivery across comparative settings. Cost-effectiveness evaluation using routinely available costing and outcomes data to supplement qualitative data. (3) Interventional evaluative research, such as a cluster randomised controlled trial focused on the link worker model. Cost-effectiveness data collected as part of the trial. Future work Mature data are currently not available. There needs to be an agreement across schemes on the key outcomes that need to be measured, harmonisation of data collection, and follow-up referrals (how and when). Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health and Social Care Delivery Research; Vol. 10, No. 29. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Lu, Yao, John Panneerselvam, Lu Liu, and Yan Wu. "RVLBPNN: A Workload Forecasting Model for Smart Cloud Computing." Scientific Programming 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5635673.
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Given the increasing deployments of Cloud datacentres and the excessive usage of server resources, their associated energy and environmental implications are also increasing at an alarming rate. Cloud service providers are under immense pressure to significantly reduce both such implications for promoting green computing. Maintaining the desired level of Quality of Service (QoS) without violating the Service Level Agreement (SLA), whilst attempting to reduce the usage of the datacentre resources is an obvious challenge for the Cloud service providers. Scaling the level of active server resources in accordance with the predicted incoming workloads is one possible way of reducing the undesirable energy consumption of the active resources without affecting the performance quality. To this end, this paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics of the Cloud workloads and defines a hierarchy for the latency sensitivity levels of the Cloud workloads. Further, a novel workload prediction model for energy efficient Cloud Computing is proposed, named RVLBPNN (Rand Variable Learning Rate Backpropagation Neural Network) based on BPNN (Backpropagation Neural Network) algorithm. Experiments evaluating the prediction accuracy of the proposed prediction model demonstrate that RVLBPNN achieves an improved prediction accuracy compared to the HMM and Naïve Bayes Classifier models by a considerable margin.
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Gerber, John M., and John Masiunas. "Horticultural Faculty Views on the Changing Role of the Cooperative Extension Service." HortScience 24, no. 1 (February 1989): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.24.1.158.
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Abstract The Cooperative Extension Service (CES) is undergoing a period of self-evaluation (Gerber, 1985) and change (USDA Extension Service, 1988). As part of on-going discussions on the future of the CES at the Univ. of Illinois, a survey of the academic staff in the Dept. of Horticulture was conducted. The survey quantified the reaction of horticultural academic staff to recommendations taken from a federal study on the future of extension (USDA Economic Committee on Organization and Policy, 1987) and statements solicited from the Dept. of Horticulture Extension Committee. Recipients of the survey were asked to state their level of agreement or disagreement with the statements on a scale of 1 to 5 (1 = strongly disagree, 2 = disagree, 3 = no opinion, 4 = agree, and 5 = strongly agree).
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Sureshu, S., and R. Vijayabhasker. "Effective Resource Aware Health Care Monitoring in Body Sensor Network Platform Using Modified Particle Swarm Optimization." Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics 11, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 3054–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jmihi.2021.3895.
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Real-time physiological data may be gathered using wearable medical sensors based on a network of body sensors. We do not however have an effective, trustworthy and secure body sensor network platform (BSN) that can satisfy growing e-health requirements. Many of these applications require BSN to provide the dependable and energy efficient data transfer of many data speeds. Cloud computing is giving assets to patient dependent on application request at SLA (service level agreement) rules. The service providers are focusing on giving the necessity based asset to satisfy the QoS (quality of service) prerequisites. Therefore, it has become an assessment to adapt service-oriented assets because of vulnerability and active interest for cloud services. The task scheduling is an option in contrast to appropriating asset by evaluating the inconsistent outstanding task at hand. the allocation of tasks given by the microprocessor Subsequently, a productive asset scheduling method needs to disseminate proper VMs (Virtual Machines). The swarm intelligence is appropriate to deal with such vulnerability issues carefully. In this paper, an effective resource scheduling strategy Utilizing Modified Particle Swarm Optimization approach (MPSO) is presented, with a target to limit execution cost that gives an approach for the microprocessor to deal with the multiple number of tasks gives to the controllers in order to perform the multiple tasks that gets logged in the cloud via Internet of things technology (Iot), energy consumed, bandwidth consumption, speed and execution cost. The near investigation of results has been exhibited that the presented scheduling scheme performed better when contrasted with existing evaluation. In this manner, the presented resource scheduling approach might be utilized to enhance the viability of cloud resources.
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Ayre, Karyn, André Bittar, Joyce Kam, Somain Verma, Louise M. Howard, and Rina Dutta. "Developing a Natural Language Processing tool to identify perinatal self-harm in electronic healthcare records." PLOS ONE 16, no. 8 (August 4, 2021): e0253809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253809.
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Background Self-harm occurring within pregnancy and the postnatal year (“perinatal self-harm”) is a clinically important yet under-researched topic. Current research likely under-estimates prevalence due to methodological limitations. Electronic healthcare records (EHRs) provide a source of clinically rich data on perinatal self-harm. Aims (1) To create a Natural Language Processing (NLP) tool that can, with acceptable precision and recall, identify mentions of acts of perinatal self-harm within EHRs. (2) To use this tool to identify service-users who have self-harmed perinatally, based on their EHRs. Methods We used the Clinical Record Interactive Search system to extract de-identified EHRs of secondary mental healthcare service-users at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust. We developed a tool that applied several layers of linguistic processing based on the spaCy NLP library for Python. We evaluated mention-level performance in the following domains: span, status, temporality and polarity. Evaluation was done against a manually coded reference standard. Mention-level performance was reported as precision, recall, F-score and Cohen’s kappa for each domain. Performance was also assessed at ‘service-user’ level and explored whether a heuristic rule improved this. We report per-class statistics for service-user performance, as well as likelihood ratios and post-test probabilities. Results Mention-level performance: micro-averaged F-score, precision and recall for span, polarity and temporality >0.8. Kappa for status 0.68, temporality 0.62, polarity 0.91. Service-user level performance with heuristic: F-score, precision, recall of minority class 0.69, macro-averaged F-score 0.81, positive LR 9.4 (4.8–19), post-test probability 69.0% (53–82%). Considering the task difficulty, the tool performs well, although temporality was the attribute with the lowest level of annotator agreement. Conclusions It is feasible to develop an NLP tool that identifies, with acceptable validity, mentions of perinatal self-harm within EHRs, although with limitations regarding temporality. Using a heuristic rule, it can also function at a service-user-level.
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Timuneno, Antonius Yohanes William. "PENGARUH EVALUASI KREDIT DAN PENGAWASAN KREDIT TERHADAP RISIKO KREDIT MACET." Journal of Management Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) 15, no. 2 (May 17, 2022): 207–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/jom.v15i2.6724.
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The research background is risk of the loan credit which is the one problem which inseperable from the operations system in credit service unions in district Oebobo of Kupang City. In observation the loan default, the efforts of tackling was involved two important factors were credit evaluation and control credit. This research was conducted in 15 units of credit unions that were selected based on the criteria previously and the sample were 30 persons from credit management and supervisory elements. Technique in collecting data is observation interview, questionnnary, and documentation. The result proved that the Credit Evaluation and Credit Control had the significant partially influence to minimizing the Risk of Loan default on the credit union in district Oebobo of Kupang City through simple Linear Regression Analysis results in agreement line standard. This research also proved that the managements in credit union have to maintain and applying the evaluation and control credit system that usefull to minimize the level of loan default risk. Although it can be minimized with applying the balance credit.
Keywords: Credit Control, Credit Evaluation, Risk of Loan
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Feng, Danqing, Zhibo Wu, Zhan Zhang, and Jinwei Fu. "On the Conceptualization of Elastic Service Evaluation in Cloud Computing." Journal of Information Technology Research 12, no. 1 (January 2019): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.2019010103.
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Cloud computing is becoming an urgent technology in the enterprises. One key characteristic in the cloud computing is the elasticity. Then, it is urgent for the users how to rank the renting services reasonably. Considering the main features of the elasticity, this article gives classification on resource optimization. However, one of the major challenges is how to optimize resource allocation in an elastic manner. Due to the special pay-as-you-go manner, resource optimizing strategies are associated with the goal of minimizing the costs on the premise of service-level-agreement (SLA). Another challenge of resource optimizing strategies is to how to dynamically respond to the application demands. In this paper, the authors sketch the elastic definition more clearly. Secondly, different dimensions are described on elastic resource allocations. Thirdly, it is important to seek out the proper resource allocation strategy. Finally, the challenges and conclusions are discussed in this article.
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Rosenblit, Jacob, Cláudia Regina Abreu, Leonel Nulman Szterling, José Mauro Kutner, Nelson Hamerschlak, Paula Frutuoso, Thelma Regina Silva Stracieri de Paiva, and Orlando da Costa Ferreira Júnior. "Evaluation of three methods for hemoglobin measurement in a blood donor setting." Sao Paulo Medical Journal 117, no. 3 (May 6, 1999): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31801999000300003.
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CONTEXT: The hemoglobin (Hb) level is the most-used parameter for screening blood donors for the presence of anemia, one of the most-used methods for measuring Hb levels is based on photometric detection of cyanmetahemoglobin, as an alternative to this technology, HemoCue has developed a photometric method based on the determination of azide metahemoglobin. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of three methods for hemoglobin (Hb) determination in a blood bank setting. DESIGN: Prospective study utilizing blood samples to compare methods for Hb determination. SETTING: Hemotherapy Service of the Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, a private institution in the tertiary health care system. SAMPLE: Serial blood samples were collected from 259 individuals during the period from March to June 1996. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Test performances and their comparisons were assessed by the analysis of coefficients of variation (CV), linear regression and mean differences. RESULTS: The CV for the three methods were: Coulter 0.68%, Cobas 0.82% and HemoCue 0.69%. There was no difference between the mean Hb determination for the three methods (p>0.05). The Coulter and Cobas methods showed the best agreement and the HemoCue method gave a lower Hb determination when compared to both the Coulter and Cobas methods. However, pairs of methods involving the HemoCue seem to have narrower limits of agreement (± 0.78 and ± 1.02) than the Coulter and Cobas combination (± 1.13). CONCLUSION: The three methods provide good agreement for hemoglobin determination.