Journal articles on the topic 'Service industries Australia'
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1
Martins, Jo M., and Godfrey Isouard. "Managers of Health Services in Australia 2006-2016." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 13, no. 3 (December 16, 2018): i26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v13i3.125.
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Purpose: Activity in health services is expanding faster than population growth and that of the production of all goods and services in Australia. This paper is concerned with the number and characteristics of its managers in relation to the number of people employed and resources used. It also assesses different trends in hospitals and other medical and health services.
Methodology/Design: Design of the analyses follows specifications set by the authors for tabulations prepared by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from the censuses of population conducted by ABS in 2006 and 2016.
Analysis: Assesses changes in the number and variations in the characteristics of managers of hospitals and medical and other health services, in relation to the number of people employed, contrasted with changes in all industries.
Findings: There are different trends in hospitals and medical and other health services, with a decline in the number of employees per manager in medical and other health services and a slight rise in hospitals. The older average age of health service managers continued to rise, similarly to that for all industries. The proportion of female managers in health services, below the average for all employees, increased somewhat during the decade. The distribution among the various fields of study remained about the same; but level of education, higher than the average for all industries continued to rise.The growth in average income of managers during the decade was somewhat lower than in all industries, due to a lower increase rate in medical and other health services. The proportion of managers of indigenous status rose substantially – almost double the proportion in all industries.
Implications: The findings are of relevance to those concerned with the management of health services and training of the growing number of managers of health services in Australia.
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Ntoung Agbor Tabot, Lious, Outman Ben Chettah, and Eva Masárova. "Agency cost of type I and accounting numbers in Australia and India." Corporate Ownership and Control 13, no. 4 (2016): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv13i4c2p4.
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This paper has as objective to assess the agency cost of type I on the value relevance of accounting numbers (earnings and book value) for all listed firms in the manufacturing, retailing and service industries in Australia and India from 2005 to 2012 using the modified version of the Ohlson’ model in Faud and Mohd, (2008) where price is express as a linear function of earnings, book value and various accounting numbers. As predicted, the results show that both earnings and book value are value relevance for the manufacturing, retailing and servicing industry in Australia and India. The presence of the free cash flow agency problem caused the value relevance of earnings and book value to decline in Australia and India. However, the effect is not stable across the difference industries. The results show that in the manufacturing industry, the effect caused by the free cash flow agency problem is relatively higher for Australia and India than in the retail and service industries. As a result, the firms in the manufacturing with free cash flow agency problem have lower earnings (book value) coefficients than those without free cash flow agency problem
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Frenkel, Stephen. "Workplace Relations: Past, Present and Future." Australian Journal of Management 27, no. 1_suppl (June 2002): 149–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/031289620202701s15.
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This paper briefly describes and explains a research trajectory that spans 25 years and provides some pointers for future research. Three sets of studies are addressed and organised thematically. The theme of the first research program is industrial conflict and accommodation, and the settings include strike-prone industries in Britain and Australia in the decade, 1973–83. The second set of studies addresses the theme of globalisation and the impact of multinational corporations on workplace relations. Relevant settings include countries in Africa, Europe and especially Asia in the period, 1994–2002. The third research program has the informational economy as its theme. This includes an emphasis on computer technology, services and knowledge work. The research focus is on workplace relations in customer-contact service firms, and in new industries such as biotechnology and software development that are particularly dependent on innovation.
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Greiner, Romy, Iain Gordon, and Chris Cocklin. "Ecosystem services from tropical savannas: economic opportunities through payments for environmental services." Rangeland Journal 31, no. 1 (2009): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj08067.
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Economic activity in the tropical savannas of northern Australia, like rangeland regions across the globe, has traditionally been based on primary production – predominantly cattle grazing and mining. More recently, northern Australia has experienced an increase in the extent of the conservation estate and in tourism and associated service industries. These trends demonstrate an increasing recognition of the multifunctional character of the tropical savannas and business opportunities additional to the traditional primary production systems. The increasing recognition of the multifunctionality of landscapes and increasing demand for ecosystem services provides potential opportunities for economic returns for businesses and communities in the tropical savannas through the delivery of environmental services to sustain the region’s natural capital. This paper pursues two objectives. Firstly, it sets out to provide conceptual clarity around the notions of ecosystem services, environmental services and payments for environmental services (PES). Secondly, we sketch some of the opportunities associated with PES, with particular reference to the Gulf of Carpentaria in northern Australia.
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Hartwell, John. "2009 Release of offshore petroleum exploration acreage." APPEA Journal 49, no. 1 (2009): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08030.
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John Hartwell is Head of the Resources Division in the Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism, Canberra Australia. The Resources Division provides advice to the Australian Government on policy issues, legislative changes and administrative matters related to the petroleum industry, upstream and downstream and the coal and minerals industries. In addition to his divisional responsibilities, he is the Australian Commissioner for the Australia/East Timor Joint Petroleum Development Area and Chairman of the National Oil and Gas Safety Advisory Committee. He also chairs two of the taskforces, Clean Fossil Energy and Aluminium, under the Asia Pacific Partnership for Clean Development and Climate (AP6). He serves on two industry and government leadership groups delivering reports to the Australian Government, strategies for the oil and gas industry and framework for the uranium industry. More recently he led a team charged with responsibility for taking forward the Australian Government’s proposal to establish a global carbon capture and storage institute. He is involved in the implementation of a range of resource related initiatives under the Government’s Industry Action Agenda process, including mining and technology services, minerals exploration and light metals. Previously he served as Deputy Chairman of the Snowy Mountains Council and the Commonwealth representative to the Natural Gas Pipelines Advisory Committee. He has occupied a wide range of positions in the Australian Government dealing with trade, commodity, and energy and resource issues. He has worked in Treasury, the Department of Trade, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Department of Primary Industries and Energy before the Department of Industry, Science and Resources. From 1992–96 he was a Minister Counsellor in the Australian Embassy, Washington, with responsibility for agriculture and resource issues and also served in the Australian High Commission, London (1981–84) as the Counsellor/senior trade relations officer. He holds a MComm in economics, and Honours in economics from the University of New South Wales, Australia. Prior to joining the Australian Government, worked as a bank economist. He was awarded a public service medal in 2005 for his work on resources issues for the Australian Government.
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Goldsmith, Ben, Stuart Cunningham, and Michael Dezuanni. "Screen production for education: digital disruption in an ‘ancillary’ market." Media International Australia 162, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 65–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x16678082.
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The thoroughgoing digital disruption of the entertainment-based screen industries has now been well documented. But the factors that drive such disruption are in no way unique to mainstream media industries. The distribution and use of screen content in education in many ways parallel the experience of the broader screen industries. Just as traditional entertainment and information are being challenged by new online services, so too traditional modes of distributing and accessing screen content in education are being disrupted by online services. This article analyses these dynamics in Australia, placing them in historical perspective and using three contrasting case studies to exemplify key aspects of the digital disruption of education: ABC Splash exemplifies the public service broadcasting (PSB) ‘tutelage’ model; YouTube exemplifies digital disruption— immensely popular despite numerous education authorities’ attempts to restrict access to it; and ClickView exemplifies the ‘born digital’ company employing advanced technology, business strategy, and professional pedagogics.
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Baron, Michael. "Digital Transformation: Identifying Trends in the Covid-Fuelled Brick-To-Click Service Delivery Transition & Establishing Digital Transformation Models – Preliminary Review." International Journal of Education Research and Development 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52760/ijerd.v2i1.24.
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COVID-19 reached the Australian shores by the end of January 2020 with the disruptive lockdowns commencing in March and continuing on and off till October, 2021. The initial lockdowns have proved to be particularly disruptive to the service industries’ operations as they resulted in dramatic and forced migration of the traditionally brick-and-mortar or hybrid (brick-and-click) operations into the digital space. Being un unplanned move, it has caught many organisations unprepared and without a carefully crafted step-by-step digital transformation plan. In many of the instances, the transition had to be orchestrated literally overnight’. The main objective of this paper is to identify and to examine current state of the digital transformation of the service delivery processes by the means of investigating both literature and the Open Source Data available on the service industries and sectors both locally (in Australia) and internationally. The study is part of the preliminary investigation of the digital transformation ‘’boosters’’ and ‘’blockers’’ with the aim of establishing the Digital Transformation (DT) Framework as well as industry-wide practices for implementation and management of digital transformation programs.
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Asher, A. "NETWORK INDUSTRY REGULATION AND CONVERGENCE IN SERVICE DELIVERY: CHALLENGES FOR SUPPLIERS, USERS AND REGULATORS." APPEA Journal 38, no. 1 (1998): 799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj97054.
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The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) has competition and fair-trading law responsibility for Australian industries. It has gained regulatory responsibilities for third-party access to telecommunications, soon will become the national regulator of gas pipeline access under a legislated code developed by the jurisdictions and industry working in a common forum, and will progressively become the national regulator of electricity transmission.This paper describes the ACCC's concept of the term 'efficient incentive regulation', gives examples of government decisions on network industry operations to which it is relevant and describes the general approach the ACCC will take in applying that concept, to encourage competition, innovation, economic investment and fair dealing by suppliers with users.The paper describes the relevance of the rise of national product markets and convergence in the delivery of telecommunications, electricity and gas services to the types of decisions the ACCC and State-based regulators will have to take and places those decisions in the context of common issues in regulatory reform internationally. Regulatory decisions taken for one network industry may have particular positive effects if the underlying principles flow on to others.A necessary part of dealing with national industries is the coordination of regulatory effort where Commonwealth and State/Territory regulators are involved. There is the risk in Australia that separation of regulatory powers between jurisdictional and national levels may cause welfare gains to business, customers and the wider community arising from the industry reform process to be lost if there are shortcomings in communications between regulators, duplication of effort or inconsistencies in approach. The paper describes the current division of responsibilities; the potential of the Utility Regulators' Forum to coordinate regulatory effort; and indicates the potential for losses of welfare and economic efficiency if COAG principles of a national approach to regulation are not fully embraced.The paper discusses the range of tools available to deal with challenges arising from privatisations, from the entry of multinational players to network industries and from the implementation of competition policy reforms, drawing on concerns about network industries raised with the ACCC, and on the ACCC's broader complaints experience. Finally, the paper outlines the reasons for policy-makers to pay particular attention to shaping and bringing light-handed but effective regulation to the areas of the converging network industries where market power remains unconstrained by competition, and for regulators to coordinate their administration of the regulated areas of network industries so that the policy objectives of incentive regulation are realised, resulting in the industry, users and the community sharing in the benefits.
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Crone, Gary, Lorraine Carey, and Peter Dowling. "Calling on Compensation in Australian Call Centres." Journal of Management & Organization 9, no. 3 (January 2003): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200004715.
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ABSTRACTWhile there is a growing body of research on telephone call centre management in the U.K. and the U.S.A., empirical studies in Australia are at an embryonic stage. To date, most of the studies have focussed on the management of employee performance. The principal aim of this study was to provide data on current compensation practices in Australian call centres and to determine the extent of their strategic and best-practice orientation. A second aim was to explore whether the strategic management of compensation can help to balance the tension between commitment to customer service and commitment to employee motivation.Using data collected through a mail questionnaire survey of telephone call centres operating in a range of industries in Australia, the paper explores the effect of compensation practices on employee performance, absenteeism and turnover. Following a review of the literature on call centre management and the literature on compensation strategies, the findings are presented. Key findings include: a) a significant negative correlation between annual salary and the number of calls handled by full-time customer service representatives (CSRs); b) a significant positive correlation between casual CSRs' pay rates and turnover; c) a significant negative correlation between full-time CSRs' pay and absenteeism; d) a highly significant difference between the compensation strategies currently practiced in Australian call centres and the strategies call centre managers think should be practiced and e) Australian call centre managers report their compensation strategies are not very effective in increasing performance or employee satisfaction.
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Crone, Gary, Lorraine Carey, and Peter Dowling. "Calling on Compensation in Australian Call Centres." Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 9, no. 3 (January 2003): 62–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2003.9.3.62.
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ABSTRACTWhile there is a growing body of research on telephone call centre management in the U.K. and the U.S.A., empirical studies in Australia are at an embryonic stage. To date, most of the studies have focussed on the management of employee performance. The principal aim of this study was to provide data on current compensation practices in Australian call centres and to determine the extent of their strategic and best-practice orientation. A second aim was to explore whether the strategic management of compensation can help to balance the tension between commitment to customer service and commitment to employee motivation.Using data collected through a mail questionnaire survey of telephone call centres operating in a range of industries in Australia, the paper explores the effect of compensation practices on employee performance, absenteeism and turnover. Following a review of the literature on call centre management and the literature on compensation strategies, the findings are presented. Key findings include: a) a significant negative correlation between annual salary and the number of calls handled by full-time customer service representatives (CSRs); b) a significant positive correlation between casual CSRs' pay rates and turnover; c) a significant negative correlation between full-time CSRs' pay and absenteeism; d) a highly significant difference between the compensation strategies currently practiced in Australian call centres and the strategies call centre managers think should be practiced and e) Australian call centre managers report their compensation strategies are not very effective in increasing performance or employee satisfaction.
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Sprajcer, M., S. Appleton, R. Adams, T. Gill, S. Ferguson, G. Vincent, J. Paterson, and A. Reynolds. "P114 How should we classify on-call workers? A proposed taxonomy for modern working arrangements." SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2022): A66—A67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.183.
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Abstract Introduction Research and guidance materials addressing on-call work typically focus on a narrow set of industries (e.g., emergency services, healthcare). However, modern working arrangements are changing. The casualisation of many industries, combined with the rise in online and app-based working arrangements, means that many workers who can be called to work are not included in current on-call literature. We therefore present a proposed taxonomy for classifying a broader range of on-call workers, based on the work and sociodemographic characteristics of on-call workers in Australia. Methods Work arrangements and sociodemographic factors of 1057 Australian adults were assessed in a survey. Questions addressed on-call work undertaken in the previous three months, occupation, work hours, and any non-standard working conditions. Results At least one workday characterised as ‘on-call’ was reported by 45.5% of respondents, with a higher prevalence in younger individuals (63.1% of respondents aged 18–24 years reported working on-call). On-call work was reported in a range of industries, including management, community and personal service workers, sales workers, machinery operators, and drivers. Discussion Findings suggest that previous reports of on-call work prevalence (typically based on traditional on-call industries such as emergency services) likely underestimate the proportion of individuals who consider themselves on-call workers. As a result, on-call work requires a novel classification system that is able to capture non-traditional on-call work and can differentiate between types of on-call working arrangements. A taxonomy including traditional on-call work, gig economy work, relief, or unscheduled work, and out of hours work is presented.
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Elgahwash, Fouad Omran, and Mark Bruce Freeman. "Self-Service Technology Banking Preferences." International Journal of Intelligent Information Technologies 9, no. 2 (April 2013): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jiit.2013040102.
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Technology-enabled banking services are currently being implemented in developing countries. This research examines how citizens of developing countries adapt to these changes in their banking services. Technological expansion has been occurring in the Arabic region since the 1980s; however, the focus has been on trade and services offered by industries. The banking sector is an information intensive industry and should be at the forefront of advanced use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). The banking sector has started to utilize technology-enabled services through the Internet and mobile devices, with the goal of improving customer relationships by empowering customers. One common trend is increasing the use of self-service technologies, which are facilitated by ICTs. This study discusses how Libyan banks should focus their technology strategies to relate to customers, reduce costs and improve services, achieved through the use of a survey completed by customers who have become accustomed to technology-enabled banking services in the developed world. The current availability of technology-enabled banking services in Libya is limited. This paper presents a comparative review of the use of technology-enabled banking services by Libyans when they are in Libya and whilst they are in Australia (a foreign developed country where Libyans are furthering their education).
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Ridley, A. M. "Preparing Australian broadacre agriculture for environmental scrutiny using Environmental Management Systems: implications for extension services." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 47, no. 3 (2007): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea06030.
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Environmental Management Systems (EMS) have been trialled in the broadacre industries across Australia. This paper outlines the trends in extension service provision, comments on changes needed if environmental issues are to become higher priority and discusses institutional issues. For EMS in Australia to become a mainstream farm business management activity there needs to be sufficient private good outcomes for land managers to adopt them and sufficient public good outcomes for public money to be invested in their implementation. As there are few market drivers at present, extension and incentives are likely to be needed to facilitate their uptake. Evaluation of likely cost-effective public good outcomes is needed for continued public sector investment. Regardless of whether EMS or similar schemes are provided by the public or private sector, if they are to become mainstream there needs to be a move from the dominant extension models used by the public sector (group facilitation and empowerment) to a programmed learning approach. Building on a ‘personalised consultant’ model is recommended for land managers prepared to pay for information to maintain their competitive edge. For more ‘traditional’ land managers, partnerships with the public sector through Landcare networks and regional natural resource management bodies and rural resellers are more realistic. There is large need for formalised training of both public and private extension providers. The institutional arrangements and current alignment and supportiveness for EMS between state agencies, farmer organisations and regional natural resource management bodies is highly variable across the states, but currently appears strongest in Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia. Australian broadacre industries are globally exposed in being prepared to take on increased environmental scrutiny. It will take many years to reduce this risk given the large and dispersed nature of the broadacre industries. All players, especially governments, regional organisations, peak farmer and peak industry groups need to take a more proactive role in funding and implementing EMS or similar type schemes if they believe there are long-term benefits in doing so. The alternative is to wait for a crisis and be limited to taking a reactive approach to environmental accountability.
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Farooq, Mohammad, and Tariq Mahmood. "WTO Regulations and the Audio-visual Sector— An Analytical Framework for Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 42, no. 4II (December 1, 2003): 587–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v42i4iipp.587-606.
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Audio-visual services play a crucial and formative role in any society. These services are closely linked to the preservation of cultural identity and social values, and play a major role in shaping public opinion, safeguarding democratic system and developing creative potential. Due to these reasons, governments of both developed and developing countries not only provide direct and indirect incentives to their domestic industries but also strictly regulate the content of audio-visual media. During the Uruguay Round of WTO (World Trade Organisation) negotiations, audio-visual service sector witnessed limited liberalisation. Even major players such as the EU, Australia and Canada did not make any commitments to liberalise trade in these services. This was primarily to protect the domestic industries from foreign competition, promote their growth and to protect the cultural heritage of the nations from foreign influence. Many countries have repeatedly raised concerns about the capability of the GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services) framework to take into account the democratic, cultural and social aspects. Others have explained that audio-visual sector is largely covered by domestic regulations and normal trade rules are not applicable to these services.
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Buttery, Maria, Lester W. Johnson, and Gordon E. Campbell. "How Does Organisational Culture Affect Employees’ Perception of the Brand in Service Industries?" Businesses 3, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 52–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/businesses3010004.
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Purpose: This paper seeks to consider the influence of organisational culture and its relationship to employees’ perception of the brand of the organisation they work for. It also aims to clarify where the responsibility lies for setting the organisational culture and whether that role is a board-driven function, falls within the influence of the CEO, or both. Design/methodology/approach: The research approach uses phenomenology, which focuses on participants’ lived experiences. Phenomenology is a segment of interpretivism that explores participants’ recollections and interpretations of events. From this, the researcher can gain insights into phenomena that can be grouped into themes for further analysis. A total of nine in-depth interviews were conducted with CEOs and senior management personnel from a range of service industries operating in Australia. Results: All participants considered organisational culture to be vital in guiding employee behaviour and highlighted the need for boards and CEOs to be cognisant of the necessity to communicate organisational values and culture to staff in a consistent manner. The implications of these results reveal that employees’ opinions of organisational culture can negatively or positively affect their attitude and engagement with the brand of the company within which they are employed.
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Goldsmith, Sam. "Learnings and best practices for operator and supplier social engagement in regional areas." APPEA Journal 57, no. 2 (2017): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj16224.
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Broadspectrum’s local content experience in the oil and gas, mining, industrial, defence, social, property and infrastructure industries has resulted in 85% local employment and 80% local purchasing across our contracts in Australia. An established pilot program in Chinchilla recognises the challenges facing operators and suppliers in many oil and gas hubs across Australia and will enable the region to respond quickly to the introduction of the Queensland Government Strong and Sustainable Resources Communities Bill (expected to be in place in 2016). The approach facilitates collaboration between schools, workers, local chambers of commerce and businesses. Elements include a community jobs portal to attract local workers and act as an information exchange for the relocating worker, investing in the local Chamber of Commerce to provide a welcoming service, redesigning the recruitment process to support local content, and deploying a local registered training organisation. We are committed to increasing our local workforce in the region by 25% over the next 2 years and recognise that many of our clients and suppliers in the region have similar objectives. This talk will focus on lessons and best practices derived from delivery of our traditional approach in similar industries and regions, as well as learnings from the application of the pilot program in Chinchilla. A review of early achievements will be given, including measurable outcomes; support from government; investment in a long-term pipeline of local workers through collaboration with schools; and an update on the 25% increase in local workers objective.
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Auzair, Sofiah Md. "A configuration approach to management control systems design in service organizations." Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change 11, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jaoc-08-2012-0064.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to utilize a configuration approach to examine the relationships between multiple contingent variables and management control systems (MCS) in service organizations from various industries. The contingent variables include service process type, cost leadership and differentiation strategies, environmental unpredictability, change and complexity and organizational life cycle stage. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires were administered to the financial controllers of service organizations operating in Australia. Cluster analysis is utilized to reveal the MCSs fit. Findings The data reveals that high-performing service organizations are those firms that place high emphasis on a differentiation strategy. The lower performers, on the other hand, are firms with a lack of emphasis on both cost leadership and differentiation strategies. Overall, the data demonstrates that strategic orientation plays an important role in high-performing organizations and the ability to incorporate various contingent situations determines the effectiveness of an organization. Practical implications The potentially broad framework offered in this study allows managers from various service industries to relate the variations in the combination of situations to those of their firms. The service managers’ experience with certain type of combinations can assist them to identify the strategic position of their respective organizations. Consequently, service managers can estimate the prospect for further development to enhance the firm performance. Originality/value This study offers a holistic view of the multiple and simultaneous relationships between contingent factors and MCS design in service organizations using a configuration approach. This paper contributes to the literature on organizational configurations in particular by studying the systematic nature of effective MCSs in service organizations when adapting to the contextual settings of the organizations.
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Kenny, Dianna T. "Patterns of Referral to Accredited Rehabilitation Providers and Outcomes of Service." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 26, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.26.4.46.
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Using data supplied by the WorkCover Authority of New South Wales, Australia which were contained in claims data bases for workers' compensation claimants within the health, manufacturing and retail industries who had made claims between 1.7.91 and 31.12.92, and in case closure records for workers within this study population who had been referred to accredited rehabilitation providers, this study examined referral patterns to accredited rehabilitation providers in the Newcastle/Hunter regions of New South Wales, and outcomes of service. The results indicated that there were referral biases in the types of workers' compensation clients referred to rehabilitation providers and a further bias in the patterns of referral to individual providers. It was argued that this two tier referral bias may impact upon outcomes of rehabilitation provider service and studies which examine the efficacy of rehabilitation in reducing time lost and in return to work outcomes will need to take account of these factors.
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Merrett, David T., and Simon Ville. "Financing Growth: New Issues by Australian Firms, 1920–1939." Business History Review 83, no. 3 (2009): 563–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680500003007.
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An expanding economy, new technologies, and changing consumer preferences provided growth opportunities for firms in interwar Australia. This period saw an increase in the number of large-scale firms in mining, manufacturing, and a wide range of service industries. Firms unable to rely solely on retained earnings to fund expansion turned to the domestic stock exchanges. A new data set of capital raisings constructed from reports of prospectuses published in the financial press forms the basis for the conclusion that many firms used substantial injections of equity finance to augment internally generated sources of funds. That they were able to do so indicates a strong increase in the capacity of local stock exchanges and a greater willingness of individuals to hold part of their wealthin transferable securities.
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Rae, Ian D. "Elemental Micro-analysis of Organic Compounds: the Australian Experience." Historical Records of Australian Science 27, no. 2 (2016): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr16017.
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Combustion methods for elemental analysis developed in Europewere adopted by Australian chemists, some of whom undertook training in the Pregl laboratory in Graz, the centre of microanalytical expertise. Microanalytical services developed slowly at the Universities of Sydney and Melbourne. After World War 2 the University of Melbourne and Australia's Council for Scientific and Industrial Research combined to bring German experts to Australia. One of them, Dr K. W. Zimmermann, headed the Australian Microanalytical Service in Melbourne that met the needs of Australian chemists and some overseas customers for four decades. Zimmermann also trained a chemist from Singapore, Mrs Tong Hee Keong, who returned to establish a microanalytical service there. Smaller facilities continued at some Australian universities but most of these closed as the need for micro analyses waned. Simple analyses could be conducted with modern auto-analyzers, but the use of mass spectroscopy to determine accurate molecular masses could obviate the need for combustion analysis. Two university services remain, and a microanalytical service in New Zealand has served Australian customers in recent years.
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C. Jacobs, Brent, Christopher Lee, David O’Toole, and Katie Vines. "Integrated regional vulnerability assessment of government services to climate change." International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management 6, no. 3 (August 12, 2014): 272–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijccsm-12-2012-0071.
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Purpose – This paper aims to describe the conduct and outcomes of an integrated assessment (IA) of the vulnerability to climate change of government service provision at regional scale in New South Wales, Australia. The assessment was co-designed with regional public sector managers to address their needs for an improved understanding of regional vulnerabilities to climate change and variability. Design/methodology/approach – The study used IA of climate change impacts through a complex adaptive systems approach incorporating social learning and stakeholder-led research processes. Workshops were conducted with stakeholders from NSW government agencies, state-owned corporations and local governments representing the tourism, water, primary industries, human settlements, emergency management, human health, infrastructure and natural landscapes sectors. Participants used regional socioeconomic profiling and climate projections to consider the impacts on and the need to adapt community service provision to future climate. Findings – Many sectors are currently experiencing difficulty coping with changes in regional demographics and structural adjustment in the economy. Climate change will result in further impacts on already vulnerable systems in the forms of resource conflicts between expanded human settlements, the infrastructure that supports them and the environment (particularly for water); increased energy costs; and declining agricultural production and food security. Originality/value – This paper describes the application of meta-analysis in climate change policy research and frames climate change as a problem of environmental pollution and an issue of development and social equity.
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Grace, Debra, Ceridwyn King, and Joseph Lo Iacono. "Workplace relationship cohesion: an internal customers’ perspective." Journal of Service Theory and Practice 27, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-07-2015-0175.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the differential effect of reciprocal and negotiated social exchanges in establishing workplace relationship cohesion, providing a mediating influence between social constructed initiatives (i.e. internal socialization and support) and internal customers’ psychological connectedness. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered via a national online survey of service employees in Australia, representing a diverse range of service industries (e.g. retail (food/non-food), health, financial, administrative support, real estate, household, insurance, education and training, etc.). Findings Reciprocal-exchange relationship quality fully mediates the relationship between internal socialization and psychological connectedness; and negotiated-exchange relationship quality partially mediates the relationship between internal support and psychological connectedness of internal customers. Research limitations/implications While the findings reported herein support the salience of interpersonal relationship quality enhancing the internal performance of the organization, it is essential to consider how the findings link to externally perceived performance (i.e. from the customer’s perspective). Future research is guided by a framework that the authors propose as a result of the study’s findings to facilitate research in this under-researched area. Practical implications The development of sound socially relevant internal marketing strategies is vital to the long-term health and prosperity of the firm and its internal counterparts necessitating a move beyond transactional internal marketing, reflecting “pay for service” organizational thinking. Originality/value The examination of internal relationship cohesion and how this effects internal customers’ allegiance to their organizations addresses an important research gap and, thus, provides a significant contribution to both theory and practice.
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Crawford, Robert. "Seeing the Bigger Picture: Why Market Research History Matters?" International Journal of Market Research 64, no. 2 (January 22, 2022): 187–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14707853211067701.
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Market researchers and the market research industry more generally have paid little attention to the history of market research. This inattention to the past has not only resulted in a significant gap in our knowledge of market research and history more generally, it has also obscured the benefits that can be derived from an understanding of history. Using letters, reports and survey contained in the Ashby Research Service archive at the State Library of New South Wales in Australia, this article seeks to illustrate the benefits to be derived from undertaking historical research on market research and those involved in the market research business. By examining some of the cultural factors informing market research business practices and the ways that the marketing and the media industries have interacted with market researchers, this article not only takes step in addressing the gap in our knowledge of market research history, it also demonstrates the relevance and importance of market research history for business and marketing historians and, indeed, market research scholars and practitioners.
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Wang, Liying, Yushuang Song, Qingan Qiu, and Li Yang. "Warranty Cost Analysis for Multi-State Products Protected by Lemon Laws." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 25, 2023): 1541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031541.
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The implementation of lemon laws in America has played an important role in improving the quality of after-sales service. Nowadays, many countries, such as China, Canada, Europe, Australia, Singapore, and South Korea, have adopted lemon laws in various industries to protect the interest of consumers. From the perspective of manufacturers, accurate estimation of the cost of the warranty service is of great importance in guiding product pricing, quality control, and design of warranty policies. According to the terms of different lemon laws, two warranty models considering the repair time and numbers for failures are proposed in this paper. Products under these models are multi-state, and Markov processes are used to model the degradation processes of products. In the first model, a product will be replaced by a new one if the time for a repair or the number of failures exceeds their respective thresholds over the warranty period. Under the second model, both catastrophic and minor failures are considered. A product will be replaced if one of the following three conditions is met over the warranty period: the time of one repair action (regardless of failure type) is longer than a time threshold; the number of minor failures is larger than a preset threshold; a catastrophic failure occurs. The expected warranty cost rates under the two proposed warranty models are derived under the assumption of renewable warranty terms. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the results obtained.
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Bissoondoyal-Bheenick, Emawtee, Robert Brooks, Wei Chi, and Hung Xuan Do. "Volatility spillover between the US, Chinese and Australian stock markets." Australian Journal of Management 43, no. 2 (August 7, 2017): 263–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896217717305.
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We assess the stock market volatility spillover between three closely related countries, the United States, China and Australia. This study considers industry data and hence provides a clear idea of the channels through which volatility is transmitted across these countries. We find that there is significant bilateral causality between the countries at the market index level and across most of the industries for the full sample period from July 2007 to May 2016. There is one-way volatility spillover from the United States to China in the financial services, industrials, consumer discretionary and utilities industry. There is insignificant volatility spillover from the Australian to Chinese stock markets in financial services, telecommunications and energy industries. Once we remove the effect of the global financial crisis (GFC), we find significant bilateral relationship across all of the industries across the three countries. JEL Classification: G15
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CHAPMAN, B., K. J. SCURRAH, and T. ROSS. "Contemporary Formulation and Distribution Practices for Cold-Filled Acid Products: Australian Industry Survey and Modeling of Published Pathogen Inactivation Data." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 5 (May 1, 2010): 895–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.5.895.
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A survey of 12 Australian manufacturers indicated that mild-tasting acids and preservatives are used to partially replace acetic acid in cold-filled acid dressings and sauces. In contrast to traditional ambient temperature distribution practices, some manufacturers indicated that they supply the food service sector with cold-filled acid products prechilled for incorporation into ready-to-eat foods. The Comité des Industries des Mayonnaises et Sauces Condimentaires de la CommunautéÉconomique Européenne (CIMSCEE) Code, a formulation guideline used by the industry to predict the safety of cold-filled acid formulations with respect to Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli, does not extend to the use of acids and preservatives other than acetic acid nor does it consider the effects of chill distribution. We found insufficient data in the published literature to comprehensively model the response of S. enterica and E. coli to all of the predictor variables (i.e., pH, acetic acid, NaCl, sugars, other acids, preservatives, and storage temperature) of relevance for contemporary cold-filled acid products in Australia. In particular, we noted a lack of inactivation data for S. enterica at aqueous-phase NaCl concentrations of >3% (wt/wt). However, our simple models clearly identified pH and 1/absolute temperature of storage as the most important variables generally determining inactivation. To develop robust models to predict the effect of contemporary formulation and storage variables on product safety, additional empirical data are required. Until such models are available, our results support challenge testing of cold-filled acid products to ascertain their safety, as suggested by the CIMSCEE, but suggest consideration of challenging with both E. coli and S. enterica at incubation temperatures relevant to intended product distribution temperatures.
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Angliss, V. E. "Holte Revisited — A Review of the Quality of Prosthetic Treatment." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 10, no. 1 (April 1986): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093648609103073.
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The standards recommended at the United Nations Inter regional Seminar on Standards for the Training of Prosthetists in Holte, Denmark, in 1968 were universally accepted as being ideal, practical and economical. As these standards and the services to patients are not always observed, world wide, a study was made to investigate the situation in Australia. Australia is a federation with responsibility for health and education vested in six States. The Federal Government is the principal taxing authority with the States dependent on it for financing services. The isolation of Australia led the Government during 1960 to send a rehabilitation medical officer to survey the system in Europe and North America. The best features of overseas practice became the basis for updating an Australian Service and establishing the Central Development Unit. The Artificial Limb Service is based on clinical care, formal in-service training of limb makers and fitters, patient training by therapists and the purchase of components from mass producers. The Service is answerable to lay and medical staff in the State Branches and to the Central Office of the Department, located in Canberra. The division of responsibility between the State and Federal Governments seems to lead to competition for control of services rather than to an integrated plan for Prosthetic-Orthotic training with services. Industrial conflict due to a perceived threat of the supplanting of apprentices by formally trained prosthetists-orthotists has also adversely affected development. In this paper the views of Government authorities, medical prosthetic prescribers and of personnel who conducted a pilot study in delivery of a prosthetic service are discussed.
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Creighton, Colin, Paul I. Boon, Justin D. Brookes, and Marcus Sheaves. "Repairing Australia's estuaries for improved fisheries production – what benefits, at what cost?" Marine and Freshwater Research 66, no. 6 (2015): 493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf14041.
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An Australia-wide assessment of ~1000 estuaries and embayments undertaken by the National Land and Water Resources Audit of 1997–2002 indicated that ~30% were modified to some degree. The most highly degraded were in New South Wales, where ~40% were classified as ‘extensively modified’ and <10% were ‘near pristine’. Since that review, urban populations have continued to grow rapidly, and increasing pressures for industrial and agricultural development in the coastal zone have resulted in ongoing degradation of Australia's estuaries and embayments. This degradation has had serious effects on biodiversity, and commercial and recreational fishing. A business case is developed that shows that an Australia-wide investment of AU$350 million into repair will be returned in less than 5 years. This return is merely from improved productivity of commercial fisheries of a limited number of fish, shellfish and crustacean species. Estuary repair represents an outstanding return on investment, possibly far greater than most of Australia's previous environmental repair initiatives and with clearly demonstrated outcomes across the Australian food and services economies.
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Gurdon, Michael A. "Divergent Paths: Civil Service Employment Relations in Australia and Canada." Articles 42, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 566–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050336ar.
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This article describes the legislated strengthening of employee involvement in decision-making within the federal civil service in Australia. While the quite distinct differences between the two industrial relations Systems must be recognized, particularly the resulting distribution of power between the government as employer and its employees, aspects of the general philosophy underlying the Australian model may find some useful applications as the Canadian public sector Systems continues to evolve.
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Beaumont, Nicholas, and Amrik Sohal. "Quality management in Australian service industries." Benchmarking: An International Journal 6, no. 2 (June 1999): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14635779910269731.
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Upstill, Garrett. "Promoting Australian industry: CSIRO 1949–79." Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr18016.
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This paper addresses the manner in which the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) transferred its technology to Australian industry during the period 1949 to 1979. The analysis is framed within the changing economic and political scene in Australia and the changing expectations for public research organisations such as CSIRO. During the 1950s and 1960s CSIRO gave little direct attention to the processes of technology transfer but instead, following the prevailing wisdom, focused on high quality science and relied on existing extension services and patenting to capture the benefits from its research. This ‘science-push’ approach proved successful for Australia’s rural industries but, with a few exceptions, less so for the country’s secondary industries. By the early 1970s CSIRO faced pressures for change, induced by a tougher economic climate and changing views on the role of public research institutions. A shift toward greater customer relevance in its research would also need to be matched by new thinking about technology transfer.
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Cook, S., A. Sharma, D. Batten, and S. Burn. "Matching alternative water services to industry type: an eco-industrial approach." Water Supply 10, no. 6 (December 1, 2010): 969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.640.
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This paper presents a framework for the matching industry clusters to appropriate alternative water sources using an eco-industrial approach. Alternative water sources are increasingly being considered in new industrial developments to reduce demand on potable supply and improve sustainability performance. The suitability of alternative water sources for industrial development is influenced both by the demand profile of the industrial tenants and the limitations and opportunities presented by the local environment. This paper demonstrates an approach that integrates the principals of industrial ecology for considering the feasibility of alternative water services in a new industrial estate. The application of industrial ecology principles takes a site specific approach that considers the opportunities and limitations offered by the local environment and existing regional industries in moving towards sustainable water services. Industrial ecology facilitates opportunities for planning symbiosis between industries through by-product exchange, water cascading and cooperative infrastructure. The framework was applied to a new industrial development in Melbourne, Australia; with the assessment of alternative water sources part of a larger project that had the purpose of identifying regional by-product synergies based on materials, energy and water exchanges between businesses. The feasibility assessment detailed demonstrates that suitability of alternative water sources varies depending on the industry water demand profile. The paper demonstrates that the application of industrial ecology principles can be used to consider the feasibility of alternative water sources based on the regional context and the demand profile of industries locating to an eco-industrial park.
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Pittard, A. J. "Nancy Fanny Millis 1922–2012." Historical Records of Australian Science 24, no. 2 (2013): 283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr13006.
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Professor Emeritus Nancy Millis AC, MBE, FAA, FTSE died on 29 September 2012 at the age of 90. She was one of the first women to be appointed Professor at the University of Melbourne, had been President of the Australian Society for Microbiology and after her retirement was Chancellor at La Trobe University. Nancy introduced the teaching of Industrial Microbiology into Australia and by her research and involvement with various organizations promoted a continuing analysis of water utilization and the environment. She will also be remembered for her role, over twenty years, in guiding the committees responsible for overseeing the development of recombinant DNA research in Australia. Her tireless dedication to the service of others, her wit and her forthright approach endeared her to many. Nancy Millis was elected to the Australian Academy of Science in 2004 by Special Election in recognition of her conspicuous service to the cause of science with her outstanding career in Microbiology. This report chronicles some of the very significant and far-reaching contributions that Nancy made to the discipline of Microbiology and to the larger Australian community during her long and very productive life.
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De Percy, Michael Alexander. "Policy Legacies from Early Australian Telecommunications." Journal of Telecommunications and the Digital Economy 9, no. 3 (September 11, 2021): 136–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18080/jtde.v9n3.431.
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The purpose of this article on the policy legacies from Australia’s early telecommunications history is not to present a counterfactual to Australia’s choice of public monopoly provision of early telecommunications services, but rather to indicate the extent that politics limited the private sector’s role in deploying early telegraph and telephone infrastructure in Australia. The article begins by outlining a theoretical framework for analysing government’s role in deploying new telecommunications technologies, before investigating some of the less familiar literature on the historical impact of government intervention on the private sector in the early Australian telegraph and telephone industries. It then discusses some of the political issues relating to the subsequent liberalisation of the telecommunications industry in Australia and concludes with a discussion of the historical legacies of government intervention on the private sector in the Australian telecommunications industry.
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Ramaseshan, B., and Robyn Ouschan. "Investigating status demotion in hierarchical loyalty programs." Journal of Services Marketing 31, no. 6 (September 11, 2017): 650–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsm-11-2016-0377.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to extend research on customer loyalty status and customer demotion by investigating if the effect of demotion on customer attitudinal and behavioral responses is the same for top-tier and low-tier customers in the context of airlines. Design/methodology/approach A survey was conducted with travelers intercepted at large airport terminals in Australia. Multivariate analyses examined group differences across status change (no change vs demoted) and status level (high status vs low status). Multi-group moderation structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis tested the moderating role of status (high status vs low status) on the effects of demotion on the relationship between customers’ attitudes and loyalty intention, and between loyalty intention and share of wallet. Findings This study shows that the detrimental effects of demotion on the relationship between customer satisfaction/commitment/perceived betrayal on loyalty intentions, and on the relationship between loyalty intentions and share of wallet are stronger for “high status” than “low status” customers. Research limitations/implications A cross-sectional design was employed to investigate customer demotion in the airline industry. Future studies could investigate different types of demotions in other industries by employing a longitudinal design. Practical implications The study provides new insight about the effects of status demotion and highlights that service firms could be jeopardizing the loyalty of numerous valuable customers, especially among the “high status” customer group. Originality/value This study reveals loyalty status moderates the effect of demotion on customer attitudinal responses and loyalty behaviors. It draws on social identity, social comparison, emotion and equity theories to explain the different effects of demotion on customers from different status level groups.
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Drake-Brockman, Allan, and Daniel White. "Dealing with oil and gas unions." APPEA Journal 51, no. 2 (2011): 736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10116.
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Since the commencement of the Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) (FW Act) on 1 July 2009, there has been a significant increase in union activity in Australia’s oil and gas industry. Recent case examples concerning the Pluto Project and various other disputes flag the importance of project managing industrial relations to ensure project delivery dates are met. Due to the contract interdependencies on large scale oil and gas projects, industrial action taken by a union in relation to a single sub-contractor can have ripple effects—causing budget blow-outs. Emerging union influence is such a concern that some of Australia’s leading companies operating in the oil and gas industry now identify industrial activity as a key project risk. Furthermore, many Australian leading financial institutions now assess a company’s potential exposure to industrial action as part of their key lending criteria. New innovative industrial relations strategies are now part of the weaponry Australian unions use when representing their members—this includes global union strategies. Moreover, there is already evidence that the FW Act can promote the occurrence of demarcation disputes between unions. This type of industrial activity leads to poor outcomes for employers and can prove to be very costly—especially in a multi-million dollar a day industry. Providing insight into the recent union activities in the industry are the following cases: Heath v Gravity Crane Services Pty Ltd Boskalis Australia Pty Ltd v Maritime Union of Australia CFMEU v Woodside Burrup Pty Ltd Offshore Marine Services Pty Ltd v Maritime Union of Australia There are a number of strategies oil and gas companies and sub-contractors can use to mitigate the effects of union influence in the workplace.
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Martins, Jo M., and Godfrey Isouard. "Managers of Aged Care Residential Services: 2006-2016." Asia Pacific Journal of Health Management 14, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24083/apjhm.v14i1.213.
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Purpose : Aged care Australia is going through a transformation reform to respond to the growing number of aged people in need of support in daily living. In this context, this article provides analyses of the number and characteristics of managers of aged care residential services in relation to number of aged people, residents of aged care facilities and people employed in them.
Methodology/Design: Design of the analyses follows specifications provided by the authors for tabulations prepared by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) from the censuses of population conducted by ABS in 2006 and 2016.
Analysis : Analysis of changes of the number of managers of aged care residential facilities against the number of aged people, residents of aged care facilities, and people employed in them. Further, the analyses examine changes in the age and sex of managers, their category, field and level of education, weekly income, hours worked, marital status, country of birth and indigenous status.
Findings: There was a large increase in the number of employees and managers per resident, and a stable ratio of managers per employees. While the proportion of female managers declined, the average age of managers increased slightly. Both the fields and level of education remained similar in the decade. The average income of managers was similar as that in all industries in 2016, with a larger increase during the decade than in all industries. Average hours worked remained about the same. The same applied to marital status. The proportion of Australia-born managers declined while that of managers born in Asia rose substantially. The proportion of indigenous managers about doubled during the decade.
Implications: Relevance to those concerned with the evolving transformation of aged care in Australia and those interested with management training of the growing number of managers of aged care residential services.
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Ndubisi, Nelson Oly, and Setiadi Umar. "Outsourcing: reap the fruit; contain the “bad apple”." Journal of Business Strategy 39, no. 5 (September 17, 2018): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-03-2018-0048.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to show how outsourcing partners can maximise the benefits of outsourcing while containing the negative effect of destructive conflict (the “bad apple”) on trust and commitment. Design/methodology/approach The study reviewed existing literature on the benefits and limitations of outsourcing from the principal’s (outsourcer) and the agent’s (service provider) perspectives. The study further draws on empirical evidence from studies conducted across ten industries in three countries within the Asia–Pacific Rim and the Middle-East, namely, Australia, Malaysia and Saudi Arabia. Findings Long-term orientation and ethical norms are robust ex-ante (i.e. before the destructive conflict) handling strategies, whereas integrative conflict handling style and (to a lesser degree) accommodating and compromising conflict handling styles are effective ex-post (i.e. after the destructive conflict) handling strategies. Forcing and avoidance conflict handling styles can escalate destructive conflict and should be completely avoided by outsourcing partners at all times. Practical implications The benefits of outsourcing outweigh its challenges. Trust and commitment are positively affected by ex-ante and ex-post (destructive conflict) strategies. Destructive conflicts (or the bad apple effect) can be contained through these strategies. Firms should leverage the upsides of outsourcing relationships and contain the downsides by integrating long-term orientation and ethical norms that can help to pre-empt and forestall destructive conflict. They should adopt an integrative conflict handling strategy in the event of a manifest conflict. Other strategies that can be applied to manifest conflict (albeit more sparingly) are accommodating and compromising strategies. Each has the potential to increase trust and commitment in the relationship. Originality/value The authors unveil before and after (the destructive conflict) handling strategies that do not depend on contextual factors or industry/sectoral differences.
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Zhang, Zhiming, Yongtao Tan, Long Shi, Lei Hou, and Guomin Zhang. "Current State of Using Prefabricated Construction in Australia." Buildings 12, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091355.
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The Australian prefabricated construction market has been developing rapidly in recent years. New prefabrication-related technologies, materials, systems and services are also emerging in the current Australian market. Although some studies have been undertaken to explore the benefits and challenges of implementing prefabrication in Australia over the past 15 years, they do not reflect the recent changes in the industry. Therefore, this study aims to fill this gap and identify the major changes in the current Australian prefabricated construction industry from industrial perceptions. Through literature reviews and industry interviews, factors reflecting major changes in the current Australian prefabricated construction, including prefabrication industry development, emerging benefits and challenges, were identified and discussed in this study. The challenges identified from interviews were classified into eight aspects related to feasibility, design, manufacturing, transportation, on-site construction, standardisation, skills and knowledge, finance and market. Furthermore, 21 recommendations and related key responsible parties were identified to tackle these challenges. The findings will provide useful references for various stakeholders to have a better understanding of the current prefabrication industry development in the Australian context and re-think how to adapt to future changes for the uptake of prefabricated construction in Australia.
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Valadkhani, Abbas, and Russell Smyth. "The effects of the motor vehicle industry on employment and research innovation in Australia." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 4 (July 4, 2016): 684–708. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-06-2015-0098.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the likely economy-wide impacts of the complete shutdown of the motor vehicle industry on output and employment in Australia using the latest input-output (IO) table (2009-2010). Design/methodology/approach – Both supply- and demand-driven IO models are employed to determine the extent, and pattern, of the resulting output and job losses in upstream and downstream industries. An analysis of the first-order field of influence is also conducted to observe how output multipliers in other sectors respond to changes in the self-use-input-requirement of the professional, scientific and technical services (PSTS) industry. Findings – The PSTS industry (with a significant research and development (R & D) component and the highest forward linkage index) would be hardest hit with the collapse of the motor vehicle industry. Research limitations/implications – This paper identifies a number of industries that are more likely to be heavily influenced by the resulting lack of R & D in the PSTS industry in the near future. Unless more funding is allocated to other research and technology-intensive industries, the extinction of the motor vehicle industry, coupled with the recent budgetary cuts for strategic organisations such as the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, can reduce the positive spillover effects of R & D activities on the Australian economy. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the effects of the shutdown of the motor vehicle industry on employment in Australia. The results also have broader implications for other developed countries that have declining motor vehicle industries. The findings suggest that the global decline in the motor vehicle industry can adversely affect investment in R & D in upstream and downstream industries. More generally, the results suggest that the shift in motor vehicle production to developing countries, will contribute to increased R & D intensity in them at the expense of developed countries.
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Van Der Wagen, Lynn. "Vocational Curriculum for Australian Service Industries: Standardised Learning for Diverse Service Environments?" Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 13, no. 1 (April 2006): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/jhtm.13.1.85.
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Patterson, Paul. "Bringing a Client Focus to International Marketing: A Change Management Case Study." Journal of Management & Organization 6, no. 2 (March 2000): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1833367200005411.
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AbstractConsumers the world over are becoming more homogeneous thanks to the unifying forces of travel, media, technology, information transfer and the like. Furthermore, today customers have higher expectations than ever before regarding the quality of service they should receive from a wide range of service organisations (professional as well as non-professional). As customers are increasingly exposed to world best practice in a wide range of service industries, expectations spiral upwards. Slow, discourteous, unresponsive and unprofessional service will no longer be tolerated - but especially when the service is highly customised, complex, costly and high involvement, professional service.Few, if any, studies have examined service quality issues for professional services in an international context. Hence, this case study documents the problems experienced by the Australian Trade Commission's (Austrade) Bangkok, Thailand Post in providing a level of service consistent with clients' (and senior managements') expectations, the steps taken to overcome these long standing service quality shortcomings, as well as the key lessons to be learnt from the process. Today Austrade provides a professional consulting service and thus possesses similar characteristics to many professional service firms (project management, engineering consulting, general management consulting, etc.) and thus the lessons from this successful change management program may be generalisable to other professional services. Furthermore, the lessons should prove invaluable for Australian firms operating in South-East Asia staffed by expatriates and local nationals.
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Patterson, Paul. "Bringing a Client Focus to International Marketing: A Change Management Case Study." Journal of the Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management 6, no. 2 (March 2000): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2000.6.2.44.
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AbstractConsumers the world over are becoming more homogeneous thanks to the unifying forces of travel, media, technology, information transfer and the like. Furthermore, today customers have higher expectations than ever before regarding the quality of service they should receive from a wide range of service organisations (professional as well as non-professional). As customers are increasingly exposed to world best practice in a wide range of service industries, expectations spiral upwards. Slow, discourteous, unresponsive and unprofessional service will no longer be tolerated - but especially when the service is highly customised, complex, costly and high involvement, professional service.Few, if any, studies have examined service quality issues for professional services in an international context. Hence, this case study documents the problems experienced by the Australian Trade Commission's (Austrade) Bangkok, Thailand Post in providing a level of service consistent with clients' (and senior managements') expectations, the steps taken to overcome these long standing service quality shortcomings, as well as the key lessons to be learnt from the process. Today Austrade provides a professional consulting service and thus possesses similar characteristics to many professional service firms (project management, engineering consulting, general management consulting, etc.) and thus the lessons from this successful change management program may be generalisable to other professional services. Furthermore, the lessons should prove invaluable for Australian firms operating in South-East Asia staffed by expatriates and local nationals.
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Manley, Karen, and Jane Marceau. "Integrated Manufacturing-Services Businesses in the Australian Building and Construction Sector." Construction Economics and Building 2, no. 1 (November 15, 2012): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ajceb.v2i1.2882.
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This paper establishes that the emergence of integrated manufacturing-service businessesis a key trademark of innovative industries and ‘the new economy’. Having establishedthe benefits of such integration, the phenomenon is reviewed in relation to theAustralian building and construction (B&C) sector. It is hypothesised that manufacturerssupplying building and construction work are adding value to their own activity, and that ofthe sector, by enhancing their product offerings via the provision of services. A small surveyis undertaken, with the findings revealing the nature of service provision by manufacturersin the Australian B&C sector. It appears that the ‘bundling’ of products and servicesby these manufacturers is a key competitive strategy yielding significant benefits for themand the sector as a whole.
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Pennycook, Alastair. "Multilithic English(es) and language ideologies." Language in Society 37, no. 3 (May 12, 2008): 435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404508080573.
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Braj Kachru, Asian Englishes: Beyond the canon. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2005. Pp xxiv, 333. Pb. $27.95.>Yamuna Kachru & Cecil Nelson, World Englishes in Asian contexts. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press, 2006. Pp. xxiv, 412. Pb. $32.50.Rana Rubdy & Mario Saraceni (eds.) English in the world: Global rules, global roles. London: Continuum, 2006. 218 pp. Pb. £30.00.With the growth of Asia's manufacturing and service industries, the prediction that China and India, respectively, will have the first and third largest global economies within 30 years, a population that comprises over 50% of the world's people, and massive English language programs throughout the region, it is no surprise that the role of English in Asia has become a major concern. At a recent (2006) Asia TEFL conference in Japan, the notions of Asian English(es), along with Asian methodologies and Asian knowledge, were topics of considerable discussion. The size and diversity of Asia, however, makes it a very difficult entity to define: The Asia TEFL conference included delegates from Israel and Iran, and two of the books under review here, Braj Kachru's Asian Englishes: Beyond the canon (AEBC) and Yamuna Kachru & Cecil Nelson's World Englishes in Asian contexts (WEAC), include (with identical maps) Australia and New Zealand. In some ways, the idea of Asia is defined by what it is not: Europe and North America. It is also not, of course, South America or Africa, though with WEAC containing a chapter on African Englishes (as well as African American Vernacular English, or AAVE), it seems as if they might be allowed in. It is clear nevertheless that various notions of Asia – as an economic zone, as a cultural entity, and as a user of a type or types of English – are widely used. We need to take the notion of Asia and Asian English(es) seriously, if only to try to understand what is meant by Braj Kachru's explanation that AEBC is “essentially about the Asianness in Asian Englishes and their gradual, yet marked, distinctiveness” (p. xv).
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Penney, Greg, Greg Smith, Simon Ridge, and Marcus Cattani. "A Review of the Standard of Care Owed to Australian Firefighters from a Safety Perspective—The Differences between Academic Theory and Legal Obligations." Fire 5, no. 3 (May 31, 2022): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fire5030073.
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Working in high consequence yet low frequency, events Australian fire service Incident Controllers are required to make critical decisions with limited information in time-poor environments, whilst balancing competing priorities and pressures, to successfully solve dynamic large-scale disaster situations involving dozens of personnel within the Incident Management Team, including of front-line responders from multiple jurisdictions. They must also do this within the boundaries of public and political expectations, industrial agreements, and the legal requirement to maintain a safe workplace for all workers, inclusive of volunteers. In addition to these operational objectives, fire services must also provide realistic training to prepare frontline staff, whilst satisfying legislative requirements to provide a safe workplace under legislation that does not distinguish between emergency services and routine business contexts. In order to explore this challenge, in this article we review the different safety standards expected through industrial and legal lenses, and contextualize the results to the firefighting environment in Australia. Whilst an academic argument may be presented that firefighting is a reasonably unique workplace which exposes workers to a higher level of harm than many other workplaces, and that certain levels of firefighter injury and even fatality are acceptable, no exception or distinction is provided for the firefighting context within the relevant safety legislation. Until such time that fire services adopt the legal interpretations and applications and develop true safety management systems as opposed to relying on “dynamic risk assessment” as a defendable position, the ability of fire services and individual Incident Controllers to demonstrate they have managed risk as so far as reasonably practicable will remain ultimately problematic from a legal perspective.
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Kingston, Beverley, and B. W. Higman. "Domestic Service in Australia." Labour History, no. 83 (2002): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/27516898.
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Murry, Jeanette. "Reconstructing Careers." Australian Journal of Career Development 9, no. 1 (April 2000): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841620000900109.
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The need for Australian undergraduates to develop sound career knowledge and skills is crucial to surviving in the new workplace. Changes in university education, employment practices and industrial legislation all contribute to a less secure working environment. These changes have accelerated over the past few years, and students need direction in navigating their way through a wide range of alternative career choices, employer contract options, continuing professional development, ongoing technological changes and increasing demands from employers for a wider range of generic skills. The response to the changing workplace by most Australian universities is poor. A survey of Australian universities concluded that more than two-thirds of career services had experienced some form of funding cut in the 12 months leading up to May 1998, with only one university actually increasing its staffing levels. Career services are struggling to find a way to meet an increasing demand for services with significantly fewer resources. There has been little attention to the plight of career services and the larger implications for universities. This paper presents the results of a survey of career services in Australia, and discusses the implications of these conflicting pressures and resulting changes to services. The paper also explores how universities could use career services to their strategic advantage, but most fail to do so. Career services are not central to university decision-making processes and are run using a minimalist approach. On a more positive note, some themes for best practice for the future are examined.
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Colley, Linda. "Union recognition and union security." Journal of Management History 23, no. 1 (January 9, 2017): 95–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmh-06-2016-0029.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose Union membership has declined in many countries reducing union capacity to bargain and contribute to economic equality. This paper aims to explore a more hopeful case in an Australian state, where the dramatic anti-union strategies of conservative governments have been reversed by Labor governments. Design/methodology/approach The research frames union recognition and union security in an international context, highlighting differences between US, Canadian, UK and Australian approaches. The research focuses on the Australian state of Queensland, providing an historical account of changes to union recognition and union preference provisions, drawing on legislation, major public service agreements, newspapers and parliamentary transcripts. Findings Conservative governments in Australia have implemented anti-union strategies, and Labor governments have often failed to restore union-friendly provisions when re-elected. In contrast, the Queensland study demonstrates a substantial restoration of union security provisions when Labor governments are re-elected, rebuilding political capital with unions and potentially supporting union membership. This difference is due to unique political and institutional factors that provide governments with unfettered powers to legislate their industrial relations agenda, whether in support or otherwise of unions, and has led to the more distinctive pendulum swings to the right and left than occurred elsewhere in Australia. Originality/value The research contributes to debates about the factors related to declining union membership and highlights a case where unions have achieved restoration of many provisions that increase their influence and potentially their membership.
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Smith, Margaret E. "Focus on Australia." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 52, no. 2 (February 1989): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802268905200209.
Full textAbstract:
The Tenth World Congress of the World Federation of Occupational Therapists will be held in Melbourne, Australia, in April 1990; advance publicity has been published in the December 1988 issue of this Journal. This article summarises a recent visit to Australia to attend the 15th Federal Conference of the Australian Association of Occupational Therapists. It is hoped that it will encourage as many therapists as possible from the United Kingdom to start planning now to take the opportunity not only to attend a very important World Congress, but also to visit a country where occupational therapy is developing rapidly in areas of great interest to us, for example, in postgraduate education, in community care, and in industrial and consultancy services. Those who can find a way of attending this Congress are guaranteed a stimulating and enriching experience which will undoubtedly influence the future of our profession.