Relevant bibliographies by topics / SERPENT2

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Academic literature on the topic 'SERPENT2'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "SERPENT2"

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García, Manuel, Diego Ferraro, Ville Valtavirta, Riku Tuominen, Uwe Imke, Luigi Mercatali, Victor Sanchez-Espinoza, and Jaakko Leppänen. "A SUBCHANNEL COARSENING METHOD FOR Serpent2-SUBCHANFLOW APPLIED TO A FULL-CORE VVER PROBLEM." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 06018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124706018.

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This work presents a methodology to coarsen subchannel models to accelerate largescale Serpent2-SUBCHANFLOW calculations. The method is based on first building a fully detailed subchannel model and then combining subchannels into larger channels with condensed hydraulic parameters. To quantify the accuracy and performance of this scheme, a full-core VVER-1000 problem is simulated with Serpent2-SUBCHANFLOW using two types of coarsened models, as well as a standard subchannel model as reference.
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Novak, Ondrej, Ondrej Chvala, Nicholas P. Luciano, and G. Ivan Maldonado. "VVER 1000 Khmelnitskiy benchmark analysis calculated by Serpent2." Annals of Nuclear Energy 110 (December 2017): 948–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2017.08.011.

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Hernandez Solis, Augusto, Alexey Stankovskiy, Luca Fiorito, and Gert Van den Eynde. "Depletion uncertainty analysis to the MYRRHA fuel assembly model." EPJ Web of Conferences 239 (2020): 12001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023912001.

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In this work, the objective is to perform an uncertainty analysis on a MYRRHA -Rev.1.6 irradiation cycle study, being applied to a depletion scenario of a single fresh fuel assembly while assuming reflective boundary conditions. Such analysis is statistically based on the application of Wilk’s method of building tolerance limits after 100 depletion calculations were performed with the SERPENT2 code. Due to the computational burden of such type of simulations, this propagation of nuclear data covariances study (allowed by the fast computational performance of SERPENT2) was done at constant power, constant flux and, in a final exercise, at constant power with the addition of fission yield uncertainties (all of these cases employed ENDF/B-VII.1 data). It was observed that while depleting at constant power, the statistical variation of key fission products such as 148Nd is almost not present because of the normalization factor applied to the flux. In contrast, the irradiation at constant flux reveals dependence on burnup. Finally, the added fission yield uncertainties make clear the fact that they directly impact the degree of final uncertainty computed for fission products exemplified by 148Nd and 135Xe important for burnup estimation and reactor operation, respectively.
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Krepel, Jiri, and Valeria Raffuzzi. "MAPPING OF SODIUM VOID EFFECT AND DOPPLER CONSTANT IN ESFR-SMART CORE WITH MONTE CARLO CODE SERPENT AND DETERMINISTIC CODE ERANOS." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 13004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124713004.

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The Sodium Fast Reactor is one of the most technologically developed Gen-IV reactors, which can close the nuclear fuel cycle. Its criticality safety directly depends on the sodium void effect and Doppler constant. Hence the knowledge of their local distribution is important. These coefficients can be mapped by deterministic or Monte Carlo codes, where the latter provide higher modeling accuracy, but are also strongly computer demanding and subject to stochastic noise issues. In this study, the void effect and Doppler constant have been enumerated for the ESFR core by Serpent2 and ERANOS2 codes, preserving a six-batch operation scheme. The Serpent code was coupled to the Python script BBP to simulate batch-wise operation in a radially infinite inner core configuration; the ERANOS code was applied to the whole core geometry and the batch-wise operation was simulated by the EQL3D routine. Sodium void effect and Doppler constant spatial maps with different levels of refinement were produced, as well as the time evolution of the integral coefficients during the transition from initial cycle to equilibrium cycle. Both codes indicate deterioration of these coefficients during the transition. The equilibrium cycle performance of the inner core zone from the ERANOS calculation was compared with Serpent results and they showed reasonable agreement. For very fine mapping, the Monte Carlo method employed was computationally very demanding and the enumerated effect was lower than the stochastic noise. In general, the Serpent model practically excludes modeling assumptions and produces reliable results for reasonably sized maps, which can be combined if needed with the high spatial resolution results obtained by ERANOS simulations.
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Artuso, Vicente, and Fabrizio Zandonadi Catenassi. "A ambivalência do simbolismo da serpente em Nm 21,4-9: uma análise na ótica dos conflitos (The ambivalence of the serpent’s symbolism in Numbers 21,4-9: an analysis through the conflicts’ approach). DOI: 10.5752/P.2175-5841.2012v10n25p176." HORIZONTE - Revista de Estudos de Teologia e Ciências da Religião 10, no. 25 (March 25, 2012): 176–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5752/p.2175-5841.2012v10n25p176.

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A perícope das serpentes no deserto destaca-se do conjunto de escritos que recorrem ao simbolismo da serpente, ao utilizar esse elemento potencialmente enganoso para a fé de Israel, ambivalente. Diante disso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender o simbolismo da serpente em Nm 21,4-9, a partir de uma análise do texto e da possível influência por parte dos egípcios e povos do Antigo Oriente Próximo. A análise narrativa destacou o texto como um enredo de conflito-solução no drama vivido pelo povo. Na ótica do conflito, foram levados em conta os aspectos antropológicos e culturais do simbolismo da serpente e seu alcance teológico. A interpretação favoreceu a compreensão da dimensão pedagógica de Deus diante da necessidade de conversão do povo que estava na etapa final da caminhada do deserto, prestes a entrar na terra de Canaã. Dentro da economia da revelação, o autor dá um novo significado à serpente levantada na haste. No início do relato, fora instrumento de castigo expresso na mordedura que causou muitas mortes; no fim, torna-se sinal de salvação. Assim, mediante o sinal, o mesmo Deus que castiga é o que está sempre pronto a oferecer uma nova chance àquele que volta seus olhos para Ele.Palavras-chave: Exegese. Números. Símbolo. Serpente. Conflitos.AbstractThe pericope of the wilderness’ snakes is highlighted in the set of writings using the symbol of the serpent, for this symbol is potentially doubtful to the faith of Israel, ambivalent. Therefore, this paper aims to comprehend the symbolism of the serpent in Numbers 21,4-9, through a text analysis and a study of the possible influence of Egyptians and the nations from Ancient Near Eastern. The narrative analysis highlighted the text as a plot of conflict-solution in the drama lived by the people. In that conflict approach, it was considered the anthropological and cultural features of the serpent symbolism and its theological range. The interpretation favored the comprehension of the pedagogic dimension of God before the necessity of people’s conversion, once they were in the final stage of the wilderness’ pilgrimage, being about to enter at the land of Canaan. In line with the economy of revelation, the author gives a new meaning to the serpent raised in the rod. In the beginning of the report, it was an instrument of punishment expressed in the bite that caused a lot of deaths; at the end, it becomes a sign of salvation. Thus, through this signal, the same God who punishes is the One who is always ready to offer a new chance to those whose eyes turn upon Him.Keywords: Exegesis. Numbers. Symbol. Serpent. Conflicts.
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García, Manuel, Diego Ferraro, Ville Valtavirta, Riku Tuominen, Uwe Imke, Jaakko Leppänen, and Victor Sanchez-Espinoza. "Serpent2-SUBCHANFLOW pin-by-pin modelling capabilities for VVER geometries." Annals of Nuclear Energy 135 (January 2020): 106955. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anucene.2019.106955.

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García, Manuel, Riku Tuominen, Andre Gommlich, Diego Ferraro, Ville Valtavirta, Uwe Imke, Paul Van Uffelen, et al. "SERPENT2-SUBCHANFLOW-TRANSURANUS PIN-BY-PIN DEPLETION CALCULATIONS FOR A PWR FUEL ASSEMBLY." EPJ Web of Conferences 247 (2021): 06016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202124706016.

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This work presents the results for a coupled neutronic-thermalhydraulic-thermomechanic pin-level depletion calculation of a PWR fuel assembly using Serpent2-SUBCHANFLOW-TRANSURANUS. This tool is based on a semi-implicit depletion scheme with pin-by-pin feedback, mesh-based field exchange and an object-oriented software design. The impact of including fuel-performance capabilities is analyzed, with focus on high-burnup effects. The treatment of the Doppler feedback to the neutronics is examined as well, in particular the use of radial fuel-temperature profiles or radially averaged values.
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Jiang, Y., A. Laureau, V. Lamirand, P. Frajtag, and A. Pautz. "In-core dosimetry for the validation of neutron spectra in the CROCUS reactor." EPJ Web of Conferences 225 (2020): 04021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202022504021.

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The present article describes the preliminary validation study of simulated in-core and reflector n eutron spectra in preparation of oncoming experimental programs in the zeropower reactor CROCUS at EPFL. For this purpose, a set of activation foils were irradiated at three characteristic positions in the CROCUS reactor, and the subsequent activities were analyzed via γ spectrometry. The experimental setup was then modeled with the Monte Carlo neutron transport code Serpent2 and associated with an analysis tool to include the effect of the reactor power history during experiments. The comparison of calculated and measured reaction rates (C/E) indicates a general consistency (at 2σ) between calculated and measured spectra. However, offsets of C/E values were observed in (n, γ) reactions, up to 18% for 115In and 8% for 63Cu dosimeters. This could be caused by an unexpected isotopic composition, uncertainties in nuclear data, or the spectrometry analysis. In addition, a 100-groups spectrum unfolding was performed using the experimentally determined reaction rates and the Serpent2 spectra as the prior knowledge. The unfolded spectra were mainly adjusted in the thermal and fast ranges, while few modifications w ere m ade i n t he e pithermal r egion d ue t o the low contribution of epithermal neutrons in activation processes. Moreover, within energy groups where the capture reactions show resonant behavior, flux depletion (up to 38% as compared to the prior spectra) is observed due to the absence of self-shielding effect in the unfolding process. For this purpose, an unfolding method based on energy groups weighting is developed and tested.
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Hartanto, Donny, Bassam Khuwaileh, and Peng Hong Liem. "Benchmarking the new ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear data library for OECD/NEA medium 1000 MWth sodium-cooled fast reactor." EPJ Web of Conferences 239 (2020): 22006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023922006.

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This paper presents the benchmark evaluation of the new ENDF/B-VIII.0 nuclear library for the OECD/NEA Medium 1000 MWth Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor (SFR). There are 2 SFR cores: metallic fueled (MET-1000) and oxide fueled (MOX-1000). The continuous-energy Monte Carlo Serpent2 code was used as the calculation tool. Various nuclear libraries such as ENDF/B-VII.1 and JENDL-4.0 were included to be compared with the newest ENDF/B-VIII.0. The evaluated parameters are k,βeff, sodium void reactivity (∆ρNa), Doppler constant (∆ρDoppler), and control rod worth (∆ρCR).
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Laureau, Axel, Vincent Lamirand, Dimitri Rochman, and Andreas Pautz. "Uncertainty propagation for the design study of the PETALE experimental programme in the CROCUS reactor." EPJ Nuclear Sciences & Technologies 6 (2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjn/2020004.

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The PETALE experimental programme in the CROCUS reactor intends to provide integral measurements to constrain stainless steel nuclear data. This article presents the tools and the methodology developed to design and optimize the experiments, and its operating principle. Two acceleration techniques have been implemented in the Serpent2 code to perform a Total Monte Carlo uncertainty propagation using variance reduction and correlated sampling technique. Their application to the estimation of the expected reaction rates in dosimeters is also discussed, together with the estimation of the impact of the nuisance parameters of aluminium used in the experiment structures.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SERPENT2"

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Gaillard, Mathilde. "Validation of the Westinghouse BWR nodal core simulator POLCA8 against Serpent2 reference results." Thesis, KTH, Fysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-292659.

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When a new nodal core simulator is developed, like all other simulators, it must go through an extensive verification and validation effort where, in the first stage, it will be tested against appropriate reference tools in various theoretical benchmark problems. The series of tests consist of comparing several geometries, from the simplest to the most complex, by simulating them with the nodal core simulator developed and with some higher order solver representing the reference solution, in this case on the Serpent2 Monte Carlo transport code. The aim of this master’s thesis is to carry out one part of these tests. It consisted in simulating a three-dimensional (3D) 2x2 mini boiling water reactor (BWR) core with the latest version of the Westinghouse BWR nodal core simulator POLCA8, and in comparing the outcome of these simulations against Serpent2 reference results. Prior to this work, POLCA8 was successfully tested on a 3D single-channel benchmark problem using the same Serpent2/POLCA8 methodology. However, this benchmark problem considered in this work is challenging in several aspects. Indeed, the nodal core simulator should accurately predict the eigenvalues and power distribu- tions against reference results, and this by taking into account axial leakage, resulting from the passage from two-dimensional (2D) infinite lattice physics calculations to 3D simulations, or strong axial flux gradients due to the insertion or withdrawal of the control rods after a certain depletion. This last effect is known as the Control Blade History (CBH) effect and will be the main focus of this study. In addition to the development of a new version of the nodal core simulator, a new version of the Westinghouse deterministic transport code PHOENIX5 is also under development. The accuracy of PHOENIX5 was indirectly tested through this benchmark by providing the cross sections for the POLCA8 simulations. In addition, Serpent2 based nodal cross sections were generated to POLCA8 to provide means of comparing these two sets of nodal cross section data. The results obtained lead to the conclusion that the CBH model gives very good results, especially with regard to all power distributions, and especially those after the removal of the control bars when needed most.keywords: Nodal Core Analysis, Monte Carlo Methods, CBH Effects
När en ny nodal-kärnsimulator utvecklas, som alla andra simulatorer, måste den genomgå en omfattande verifierings och valideringsinsats där den i det första steget kommer att testas mot lämpliga referensverktyg i olika teoretiska riktmärkesproblem. Testserien består av att jämföra flera geometrier, från den enklaste till den mest komplexa, genom att simulera dem med den utvecklade nodkärnsimulatorn och med någon högre ord- ningslösning som representerar referenslösningen, i detta fall på Serpent2 Monte Carlo-transportkoden. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att genomföra en del av dessa tester. Den bestod av att simulera en tredimensionell (3D) 2x2 mini-kokande vattenreaktor (BWR) -kärna med den senaste versionen av Westinghouse BWR- nodalkärnasimulator POLCA8, och att jämföra resultatet av dessa simuleringar mot Serpent2-referensresultat. Före detta arbete testades POLCA8 framgångsrikt på ett 3D-enkanaligt riktmärkesproblem med samma Serpent2 / POLCA8-metodik. Detta riktmärkesproblem som beaktas i detta arbete är dock utmanande i flera aspekter. I själva verket bör nodkärnsimulatorn noggrant förutsäga egenvärdena och kraftfördelningarna mot referensre- sultat, och detta genom att ta hänsyn till axiellt läckage, resulterande från övergången från tvådimensionella (2D) oändliga gitterfysikberäkningar till 3D-simuleringar eller starkt axiellt flöde gradienter på grund av att styrstavarna sätts in eller dras ut efter en viss utarmning. Denna sista effekt är känd som CBH-effekten (Control Blade History) och kommer att vara huvudfokus för denna studie. Förutom utvecklingen av en ny version av nodal core-simulatorn är också en ny version av Westinghouse deterministiska transportkod PHOENIX5 under utveckling. PHOENIX5: s noggrannhet testades indirekt genom detta riktmärke genom att tillhandahålla tvärsnitt för POLCA8-simuleringar. Dessutom genererades Serpent2-baserade nodtvärsnitt till POLCA8 för att tillhandahålla medel för att jämföra dessa två uppsättningar av nodtvärsnittsdata. De erhållna resultaten leder till slutsatsen att CBH-modellen ger mycket bra resultat, särskilt med avseende på alla effektfördelningar, och särskilt de som har tagits bort när man behöver mest.
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Lindberg, William. "Monte-Carlo response for mobile gamma spectroscopy in fallout affected residential areas." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447028.

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Historically, two nuclear power plant incidents have led to major releases of radioactive isotopes into the environment. In the unfortunate event that such an incident would occur in Sweden, the national emergency preparedness has set-up carborne detector systems which can be used to map radionuclides in fallout affected areas. However, analysing the carborne measurments is not trivial. To investigate how these detector systems behave, a full scale model of a Swedish suburban neighborhood was constructed in the particle transport code SERPENT2. Within this model, detector and car geometries where defined to obtain an estimate of the measurement one would obtain efter different cleanup scenarios with an initial 100 kBq/m^2 ground deposition of the fission product Cs-137.
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Hartmann, Paulo Afonso [UNESP]. "História natural e ecologia de duas taxocenoses de serpentes na Mata Atlântica." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106562.

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O presente trabalho aborda a taxonomia, distribuição batimétrica e biologia reprodutiva da classe Ophiuroidea. O material utilizado é procedente dos programas Biodiversidade Bêntica Marinha no Estado de São Paulo- BIOTA/FAPESP-Bentos Marinho, Avaliação do Potencial Sustentável dos Recursos Vivos da Zona Econômica Exclusiva- REVIZEE/Score Sul-Bentos e Utilização Racional dos Ecossistemas Costeiros da Região Tropical Brasileira: Estado de São Paulo- INTEGRADO/Subprojeto Bentos. A área de coleta abrange os Estados do Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Os ofiuróides foram amostrados na região entremarés de praias arenosas, costões rochosos e fauna associada a algas, na plataforma e talude continental, até cerca de 800 m de profundidade, com maior riqueza de espécies na região da plataforma continental. Ao todo foram analisados 28.942 ofiuróides pertencentes a 39 espécies e 8 famílias. Amphiuridae foi a família mais representativa, principalmente na região da plataforma interna, seguida por Ophiuridae, que ocorreu principalmente em áreas de maior profundidade. Quatro espécies representam novos registros para o Brasil, Amphiodia trychna, Ophiochiton ternispinus, Ophiura (Ophiuroglypha) clemens e Ophiomusium eburneum. Ophiomusium acuferum, Ophiactis lymani e Ophiactis savignyi foram redescritas e discutidas esclarecendo equívocos de identificação. O estudo da distribuição batimétrica das espécies mostrou que os padrões observados são semelhantes aos descritos na literatura e estas foram agrupadas de acordo com os ambientes e faixas batimétricas em que ocorrem. A análise histológica das gônadas de Ophioderma januarii permitiu definir o padrão reprodutivo da espécie, a qual é gonocorística, reproduz-se durante todo ano...
The present work approached the taxonomy, bathymetric distribution and reproductive biology of the Class Ophiuroidea. All material used came from three projects: Biodiversidade Bêntica Marinha no Estado de São Paulo- BIOTA/FAPESP-Bentos Marinho, Avaliação do Potencial Sustentável dos Recursos Vivos da Zona Econômica Exclusiva- REVIZEE/Score Sul-Bentos and Utilização Racional dos Ecossistemas Costeiros da Região Tropical Brasileira: Estado de São Paulo- INTEGRADO/Subprojeto Bentos. Study area enclosed the Brazilian States of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. Ophiuroids were sampled from sandy beaches, sea shores and seaweed as associated fauna, continental shelf and continental slope (until ca. 800 m depth). It was analyzed 28.942 ophiuroids from 39 species and 8 families, and the highest species richness occurred on the continental shelf. Amphiuridae was the most representative family, mainly on the internal continental shelf, followed by Ophiuridae, which mainly occurred in greater depth areas. Four species are new registers to Brazil, Amphiodia trychna, Ophiochiton ternispinus, Ophiura (Ophiuroglypha) clemens and Ophiomusium eburneum. Ophiomusium acuferum, Ophiactis lymani and Ophiactis savignyi were redescribed and discussed, clarifying identification mistakes. The study of the bathymetric distribution of the species showed that the observed patterns were very similar to that described in other studies, and species were grouped according to the environment and bathymetric zones in which they occurred. The reproductive pattern of the gonochoric Ophioderma januarii was described by gonadal histological analysis... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below)
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Lindberg, William. "Improved data analysis anduncertainty evaluation of decay heat measurements at CLAB." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-419966.

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To safely encase and store spent fuel assemblies in its final geological storage, accurate measurements of their heat output must be performed. To this end, information about the geometry and sensor set-up of the calorimeter at the interim storage facility CLAB was gathered. The data from the temperature sensors where compared to each other and an analytical expression was proposed to fit the data. A methodology for calculating calibration curves was formulated and its uncertainties were evaluated. Differences were found between the fits of measurements from differing measurement campaigns. The measurement campaigns resulted in calibration curves with notable offset from each other. The computer code SERPENT2 was used to construct a 3d geometry model of the calorimeter and the ratio of photons entering and escaping the calorimeter wall was calculated for photon energies which dominate the gamma spectrum from spent fuel assemblies of about 5 to 40 years cooling time.
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Moreira, Karla Graziella. "Estudo dos componentes protéicos da peçonha da serpente Micrurus frontalis (serpentes: elapidae)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2010. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/7390.

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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, 2010
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As serpentes corais pertencentes ao gênero Micrurus possuem uma peçonha rica em proteínas e peptídeos biologicamente ativos. No entanto, estudos bioquímicos e farmacológicos com os componentes desses venenos são escassos devido à grande dificuldade de coleta, manutenção em cativeiro das serpentes e a pequena quantidade de veneno obtida em cada extração. O presente estudo descreve o isolamento, a determinação da massa molecular e o seqüenciamento completo e parcial de algumas moléculas biologicamente ativas presentes no veneno de Micrurus frontalis. Os componentes foram purificados após vários passos de fracionamento em cromatografia líquida de fase reversa. A pureza e as massas moleculares foram determinadas por espectrometria de massa de tipo MALDI-TOF e electrospray (ESI). As sequências de aminoácidos dos componentes nativos e dos peptídeos gerados após proteólise foram determinadas por degradação de Edman e sequenciamento De novo. Foram identificadas toxinas da família de três-dígitos, PLA2 e waprinas. As toxinas do tipo três dígitos receberam o nome de Frontoxinas (FTx) I a VI. As FTx I, II, III e VI possuem 4 ligações dissulfeto conservadas e são estruturalmente similares às ?-neurotoxinas de cadeia curta. Já as FTx IV e V apresentaram alta similaridade com ?-neurotoxinas de cadeia longa, com 10 resíduos de cisteína conservados. Quando aplicadas em junção neuromuscular de rã, as FTx II, III e IV reduziram a amplitude dos potenciais de ação em miniatura de maneira tempo- e concentração-dependente, sugerindo que essas FTxs bloqueiam os receptores nicotínicos de acetilcolina. As PLA2 foram identificadas após o sequenciamento de fragmentos, os quais apresentaram alta similaridade com PLA2 de elapídeos. Uma nova família de proteínas ofídicas, a waprina, foi encontrada na peçonha de M. frontalis. Esta toxina, pouco abundante no veneno, possui quatro ligações dissulfeto conservadas e recebeu o nome de Miwaprina, em virtude da alta identidade com waprina de Naja nigricollis. As FTx I, V, VI, as PLA2s e a Miwaprina, não foram submetidas à testes biológicos devido à quantidade insuficiente de amostra purificada. Este trabalho corresponde ao primeiro estudo de caracterização da estrutura primária e biológica de componentes isolados a partir do veneno de M. frontalis, abrindo perspectivas não só para a identificação dos demais componentes, como também do provável papel dos mesmos na captura de presas e nos envenenamentos. _____________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Coral snakes (Micrurus genus) venoms contain a wide spectrum of biologically active proteins and peptides. The major obstacle to study Micrurus venoms is the small amount of material that can be collected. Therefore, the biochemistry and pharmacology of components from coral snakes venoms are mostly unknown. In this study we describe the isolation, molecular mass determination, complete and partial amino acid sequencing of short and long -chain three-finger toxins, PLA2 and waprin isolated from Micrurus frontalis venom. Components were purified using multiple steps of RP-HPLC. Molecular masses were determined by MALDI-TOF and ESI ion-trap mass spectrometry. The amino acid sequences of toxins were determined by sequencing of overlapping proteolytic fragments by Edman degradation and by De novo sequencing. The three-finger toxins were named Frontoxin (FTx) I-VI. The amino acid sequences of FTx I, II, III and VI predict 4 conserved disulphide bonds and structural similarity to previously reported short-chain -neurotoxins. FTx IV and V each contained 10 conserved cysteines and share high similarity with long-chain - neurotoxins. At the frog neuromuscular junction FTx II, III and IV reduced miniature endplate potential amplitudes in a time-and concentration-dependent manner suggesting Frontoxins block nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Fragments of isolated PLA2 were determined and share high similarity scores with PLA2 from other Elapids. The waprin member possesses four conserved disulfide bonds and showed high identity with waprin from Naja nigricollis venom. Because of the significant sequence similarity with WAPs, the molecule was named Miwaprin. Due the insufficient amount of purified FTx I, V, VI, PLA2s and Miwaprin, these toxins were not submitted to the biological assays. These are the first complete primary structure characterization of M. frontalis snake venom toxins.
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Paiva, Philipp Ricardo Scaciotte de Oliveira. "Avaliação clínica, sorológica e parasitológica de serpentes naturalmente infectadas com Cryptosporidium serpentis." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-11112013-104748/.

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A infecção por Cryptosporidium serpentis é uma das enfermidades mais importantes em répteis e se caracteriza por infecção crônica, clínica ou subclínica, e presença de gastrite hipertrófica severa, regurgitação, perda de peso progressiva, mortalidade eventual e eliminação contínua e intermitente de oocistos em fezes. O objetivo deste estudo foi padronizar um teste imunoenzimático (ELISA) indireto para detecção de anticorpos contra C. serpentis, e acompanhar a evolução clínica, parasitológica e da resposta imune humoral em serpentes naturalmente infectadas com C. serpentis. Foram utilizadas 21 serpentes naturalmente infectadas com C. serpentis e alojadas no Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil. As análises clínica e parasitológica foram realizadas em 21 serpentes por meio do registro diário dos sinais clínicos apresentados e pesquisa mensal da eliminação fecal de oocistos, em lâminas coradas pela técnica de Kinyoun. A avaliação sorológica foi realizada mensalmente utilizando o ELISA indireto para pesquisa de anticorpos anti-C. serpentis, pelo período de 12 meses em 8 animais, 8 meses em 3 animais e 6 meses em 1 animal. O ELISA indireto foi padronizado em bloco com utilização de antígeno produzido a partir de oocistos de C. serpentis, IgY de galinha anti-gamaglobulinas de serpentes e conjugado contendo IgG de coelho anti-IgY de galinha ligada à peroxidase. Os sintomas clínicos observados foram regurgitação, inapetência alimentar e perda de peso progressiva. A análise parasitológica revelou eliminação de quantidade variável de oocistos, de forma intermitente, em todas as serpentes, com positividade de 92% (116/126). O ELISA indireto apresentou positividade em 42,9% (54/126) das amostras. Foi observada resposta imune humoral na maioria dos animais, no entanto, com presença título flutuante de anticorpos e alternância de resultados positivos e negativos, em um mesmo animal.
Infection by Cryptosporidium serpentis is one of the most important diseases in reptiles, and is characterized by chronic infection, clinical or subclinical, and the presence of severe hypertrophic gastritis, food regurgitation, progressive weight loss, mortality, and intermittent and continuous shedding of oocysts in feces. The objective of this study was to standardize an indirect enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) to detect antibodies against C. serpentis, and evaluate the clinical, parasitological and humoral immune response in snakes naturally infected with C. serpentis. Twenty one snakes naturally infected with C. serpentis and housed at the Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil, were used for accomplish clinical and parasitological analyzes of C. serpentis infection, through the daily record of clinical signs and monthly survey of fecal shedding of oocysts using Kinyoun staining technique. The serological evaluation was performed monthly using the indirect ELISA for the detection of anti-C. serpentis antibodies, for a period of 12 months in eight animals, eight months in three animals, and six months in one animal. The indirect ELISA was standardized on the basis of block titration using antigen produced from oocysts of C. serpentis, chicken IgY anti-snake gamaglobulins and a conjugate containing rabbit IgG anti-chicken IgY linked to peroxidase. Clinical symptoms consisted in food regurgitation, inappetence, and progressive weight loss. The parasitological analysis revealed intermittent fecal shedding of variable number of oocysts in all snakes, with positivity in 92% (116/126) of the samples. The indirect ELISA was positive in 42.9% (54/126) of the samples. Humoral immune response was observed in most animals, however, fluctuating antibodies levels with rotation of positive and negative results were observed in some snakes.
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Bihr, Stéphane. "Les serpents venimeux marins." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P218.

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Silva, Deuvânia Carvalho da [UNESP]. "Detecção de Cryptosporidium serpentis em amostras fecais de serpentes utilizando PCR em tempo real." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108461.

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Cryptosporidium serpentis infection is common in reptiles, especially snakes, and is characterized by chronic infection with severe hypertrophic gastritis, which can be lethal. This research aimed to use the real- time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the heat shock protein gene (Hsp70) for detection of C. serpentis in fecal samples of 503 snakes, and to determine its analytical and epidemiological specificity and sensitivity using, as a gold standard, the nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA (18S rRNA) gene followed by sequencing of the amplified fragments (nPCR/S). The real-time PCR was positive for C. serpentis in 17 samples (3.37%), and nPCR/S resulted in positive results for C. serpentis in 15 samples (2.98%). It was also observed that the nPCR/S was positive for Cryptosporidium spp. in 60 samples (11.98%). Sequencing of the fragments amplified by nPCR was possible in 38 samples, and resulted in the identification of Cryptosporidium tyzzeri, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium varanii and C. serpentis in several species of snakes. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR were, respectively, 93.8% and 99.5%. Although three samples were positive for C. serpentis only by real-time PCR, and were considered as false positive results in the estimation of the epidemiological specificity and sensitivity, the melting curve analysis indicated that these samples had the same melting temperature of the C. serpentis samples. Thus, we conclude that real-time PCR targeting the gene Hsp70 is a sensitive and specific method for the detection of C. serpentis in fecal samples from snakes
FAPESP: 07/54312-2
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Silva, Deuvânia Carvalho da. "Detecção de Cryptosporidium serpentis em amostras fecais de serpentes utilizando PCR em tempo real /." Araçatuba : [s.n.], 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108461.

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Resumo:A infecção por Cryptosporidium serpentis é comum em répteis, em particular em serpentes, e é caracterizada por infecção crônica com presença de gastrite hipertrófica grave, que pode ser letal. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo utilizar a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) em tempo real, tendo como alvo o gene da proteína do choque térmico (Hsp70), para detecção de C. serpentis em amostras fecais de serpentes, e determinar a sua especificidade e sensibilidade analíticas e epidemiológicas utilizando, como padrão ouro, a nested PCR para amplificação de fragmento parcial do gene da subunidade 18S do rRNA (18S rRNA) seguida de sequenciamento dos fragmentos amplificados (nPCR/S). A PCR em tempo real foi positiva para C. serpentis em 17 amostras (3,37%), enquanto a nPCR/S resultou em positividade para C. serpentis em 15 amostras (2,98%). A nPCR/S resultou em positividade para Cryptosporidium spp. em 60 amostras (11,98%). O seqüenciamento dos fragmentos amplificados pela nPCR foi possível em 38 amostras e resultou na identificação de Cryptosporidium tyzzeri, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium varanii e C. serpentis, em diversas espécies de serpentes. Os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade epidemiológicas da PCR em tempo real foram, respectivamente, 93,8% e 99,5%. Embora três amostras tenham apresentado positividade para C. serpentis apenas pela PCR em tempo real, e foram consideradas como resultado falso positivo na estimativa da especificidade e sensibilidade epidemiológicas, a análise da curva de dissociação indicou que essas amostras apresentaram a mesma temperatura de dissociação que as amostras de C. serpentis. Assim, concluiu-se que a PCR em tempo real, visando ao gene Hsp70 é um método sensível e específico para detecção de C. serpentis em amostras fecais de serpentes
Abstract:Cryptosporidium serpentis infection is common in reptiles, especially snakes, and is characterized by chronic infection with severe hypertrophic gastritis, which can be lethal. This research aimed to use the real- time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the heat shock protein gene (Hsp70) for detection of C. serpentis in fecal samples of 503 snakes, and to determine its analytical and epidemiological specificity and sensitivity using, as a gold standard, the nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA (18S rRNA) gene followed by sequencing of the amplified fragments (nPCR/S). The real-time PCR was positive for C. serpentis in 17 samples (3.37%), and nPCR/S resulted in positive results for C. serpentis in 15 samples (2.98%). It was also observed that the nPCR/S was positive for Cryptosporidium spp. in 60 samples (11.98%). Sequencing of the fragments amplified by nPCR was possible in 38 samples, and resulted in the identification of Cryptosporidium tyzzeri, Cryptosporidium muris, Cryptosporidium varanii and C. serpentis in several species of snakes. The sensitivity and specificity of real-time PCR were, respectively, 93.8% and 99.5%. Although three samples were positive for C. serpentis only by real-time PCR, and were considered as false positive results in the estimation of the epidemiological specificity and sensitivity, the melting curve analysis indicated that these samples had the same melting temperature of the C. serpentis samples. Thus, we conclude that real-time PCR targeting the gene Hsp70 is a sensitive and specific method for the detection of C. serpentis in fecal samples from snakes
Orientador:Marcelo Vanconcelos Meireles
Banca:Alex Akira Nakamura
Banca:Valéria de Sá Jayme
Banca: Carlos Noriyuki Kaneto
Banca:Roberta Lemos Freire
Doutor
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Ribeiro, Lindioneza Adriano. "Fatores prognósticos por ocorrência de necrose e abscesso no envenenamento por serpente Bothrops jararaca." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-20022018-110011/.

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No Brasil, ocorrem anualmente mais de 20.000 acidentes ofídicos, sendo mais de 80 por cento por espécies do gênero Bothrops. Envenenamentos por serpentes desse gênero raramente causam óbito mas, muitas vezes, levam a necrose e infecção secundária, que podem determinar a perda de um membro acometido ou de segmento desse. A dose de soro antibotrópico utilizada para o seu tratamento é baseada na gravidade do envenenamento ao exame inicial. Vários fatores têm sido associados a essa gravidade, mas poucos são os dados científicos e nenhuma avaliação foi feita para acidentes comprovadamente causados por B. jararaca. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar: as variáveis associadas à ocorrência de necrose; as variáveis asociadas à ocorrência de abscesso; os fatores prognósticos independentes para a ocorrência de necrose; os fatores prognósticos independentes para a ocorrência de abscesso. Foram analisados no presente estudo 779 casos de acidentes por B. jararaca atendidos no Hospital Vital Brazil do Instituto Butantan, no período de 1982 a 1990. Os dados foram levantados a partir de prontuários médicos arquivados nesse hospital. Os casos que apresentaram necrose e os que evoluiram para abscesso, foram comparados no que se refere a uma série de variáveis, respectivamente, com aqueles que não apresentaram necrose e não evoluiram para abscesso. Correlacionaram-se estatisticamente à análise bivariada com necrose e abscesso (p < 0,05) o acidente por serpentes de grande porte (> 60cm), a picada em perna, o uso de torniquete, a presença de dor, edema, equimose, bolha, choque, sangramento fora da região da picada. Acidentes em determinados meses do ano, picadas nos dedos da mão e alteração da coagulação sanguínea só se correlacionaram com necrose (p < 0,05). Mostraram-se fatores prognósticos independentes para necrose à análise multivariada: tamanho da serpente, conforme diferentes faixas de comprimento, 60 - 80cm, 80 - lOOcm, 100 - 140cm; mês de ocorrência; acidentes com pessoas do sexo feminino; picadas no dedo da mão, e na perna; uso de torniquete; ocorrência de sangramento. Mostraram-se fatores prognósticos independentes para abscesso, à análise multi variada: tamanho da serpente, conforme diferentes faixas de comprimento 60-80cm, 80- lOOcm, 100-140cm; mês de ocorrência; acidentes com pessoas do sexo feminino; picada na perna; alteração da coagulação sanguínea; ocorrência de sangramento. Conclui-se que, as variáveis relacionadas com necrose e aquelas relacionadas com abscesso, os fatores prognósticos independentes para necrose e aqueles para abscesso, são os apresentados acima e que o porte de B. jararaca é o fator prognóstico independente mais importante para necrose e, principalmente, para abscesso, que são tanto mais freqüentes quanto maior o comprimento da serpente.
There is an annual incidence of over 20 000 snakebite cases in Brazil; of these over 80 per cent are caused by Bothrops species. Bothropic envenoming commonly causes necrosis and secondary infection which may lead to loss of part or of all the bitten limb. Fortunately fatalities are rare. During treatment, the dose of antivenom administered is based on the clinical severity of the envenoming. Several factors have been shown to be associated with the severity of the envenoming, however data are scarce and no such studies on Bothrops jararaca exist. The objective of this study was to identify the following: the variables associated with necrosis; the variables associated with abscess formation; the independent prognostic factors of necrosis; the independent prognostic factors of abscess formation. The study analysed 779 B. jararaca envenoming cases admitted from the Hospital Vital Brazil of the Instituto Butanatan in the period from 1982 to 1990. Data were taken from medical records in this hospital. Occurrence of necrosis or of abscesses was independently compared, in the light of a series of specific variables, with cases in which, necrosis or abscesses did not occur. Occurrence of necrosis and of abscess (p<0,05) was correlated by bivariable statistical analysis with the following: bites caused by large-sized snakes (>60cm in length); bites on the leg; use of tourniquet; presence of pain, oedema, equimosis, blisters, shock; and systemic bleeding. Occurrence of necrosis (p<0.05) was only correlated with bites on the fingers, impaired blood coagulability, and with accidents grouped according to the month of the year. The following were shown, on multivariate analysis, to be independent prognostic factors for necrosis: size of snake (grouped according to length 60-80cm/ 80- l00cm/ 100-140cm); month in which bite occured; female sex of the victim; bites on fingers and legs; use of tourniquet; and the presence of haemmorrhage. The following were shown, on multivariate analysis, to be independent prognostic indicators for abscess formation: size of snake (grouped according to length 60-80cm/ 80-l00cm/ 100-140cm); month in which bite occured; female sex of the victim; bites on the leg; impaired blood coagulability; and the presence of haemmorrhage. It is concluded that the forementioned are: associated factors of necrosis and abscess formation; and the independent prognostic factors of necrosis; and independent prognostic factors of abscess. The size of B. jararaca responsible for the bite was shown to be the most important independent prognostic factor of necrosis and, even more so, of abscess.
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Books on the topic "SERPENT2"

1

Nāvaḍa, A. Vi. Kaadyanaata: Text and performance. Udupi, India: Regional Resource Centre for Folk Performing Arts, 1993.

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Oshikano, Ken. Ryūshin densetsu. Tōkyō: Kindai Bungeisha, 1999.

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Amarasiṃha, Māliṅga. Nāga saṅkalpaya hā Simhala samskr̥tiya. Jā-Ăla: Samanti Pot Prakāśakayō, 2005.

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Čhangphānitkun, Thotsaphon. Mahatsačhan phayānāk: Thēp phūpokpō̜ng Phraphutthasātsanā. 2nd ed. Krung Thēp: Samnakphim Khō̜mmā, 2011.

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Luven, Yvonne. Der Kult der Hausschlange: Eine Studie zur Religionsgeschichte der Letten und Litauer. Köln: Böhlau Verlag, 2001.

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Howey, M. Oldfield. The encircled serpent: A study of serpent symbolism in all countries and ages. Largs: Banton Press, 1990.

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Naga cults and traditions in the western Himalaya. New Delhi: Indus Pub. Co., 2004.

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Muzeĭ antropologii i ėtnografii im. Petra Velikogo (Kunstkamera), ed. Zmei︠a︡ v induistskoĭ mifologii: (na materialakh MAĖ). Sankt-Peterburg: MAĖ RAN, 2005.

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Serpenta. Milano: Mondadori, 1987.

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Warburg, Aby. Schlangenritual: Ein Reisebericht. Berlin: K. Wagenbach, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "SERPENT2"

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Williams, Rebecca. "Serpens, [Serpentes]." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1–5. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9213-9_378-1.

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Williams, Rebecca. "Serpens, [Serpentes]." In Encyclopedia of Planetary Landforms, 1912–16. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3134-3_378.

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De Cannière, Christophe. "SERPENT." In Encyclopedia of Cryptography and Security, 1188–89. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5906-5_614.

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Carroll, Michael. "Serpents’ Swim." In On the Shores of Titan's Farthest Sea, 133–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17759-5_32.

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Tu-Maung, Nicole. "Spirits and serpents." In Indigenous Futures and Learnings Taking Place, 78–97. New York : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge research in anticipation and future studies: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003019299-4.

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Anderson, Ross, Eli Biham, and Lars Knudsen. "Serpent and Smartcards." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 246–53. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10721064_23.

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Flamini, Enrico, Alessandro Coletta, Maria Libera Battagliere, and Maria Virelli. "Serpent Mound, USA." In Encyclopedic Atlas of Terrestrial Impact Craters, 605–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05451-9_168.

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Halpern, Paul. "Introduction." In The Cyclical Serpent, 1–8. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6036-8_1.

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Halpern, Paul. "Reverse Performance." In The Cyclical Serpent, 221–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6036-8_10.

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Halpern, Paul. "After the Crunch." In The Cyclical Serpent, 247–66. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6036-8_11.

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Conference papers on the topic "SERPENT2"

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Qiu, Yishu, Manuele Aufiero, Kan Wang, and Massimiliano Fratoni. "Generalized Sensitivity Analysis With Continuous-Energy Monte Carlo Code RMC." In 2016 24th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone24-60473.

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A new capability for computing sensitivity coefficients of bilinear response functions has been developed in the Reactor Monte Carlo code RMC based on the collision history-based method. Originally implemented in the Monte Carlo code SERPENT2 in the frame of Delta-tracking technique, this method computes the perturbation of particle weight based on the concept of accepted events and rejected events. The implementation of this method in RMC is based on ray-tracking technique. The new capability in RMC has been verified by comparing sensitivity coefficients of adjoint-weighted kinetic parameters including effective prompt lifetime and effective delayed neutron fraction from SERPENT2 as well as two deterministic codes based on Equivalent Generalized Perturbation Theory (EGPT), TSUNAMI-1D and SUSD3D, through two fast metallic systems, the Jezebel and flattop problems. Good agreement among RMC, SERPENT2, SUSD3D and TSUNAMI-1D (EGPT) is observed.
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Novak, Ondrej, and Jan Frybort. "Validation of the Serpent2 code for the VR-1 reactor core calculation." In 2020 21st International Scientific Conference on Electric Power Engineering (EPE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/epe51172.2020.9269203.

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Di Filippo, Marco, Jiri Krepel, Konstantin Mikityuk, and Horst-Michael Prasser. "Analysis of Major Group Structures Used for Nuclear Reactor Simulations." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81445.

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Nuclear reactor simulation is often based on multi-group cross-section libraries. The structure and resolution of these libraries have a strong influence on the accuracy and computational time; hence, number of groups and energy structure must be carefully considered. The relationship between group structures and how they impact generated cross-sections can be a critical parameter. Common energy boundaries shared among major group structures were identified and the relative kinship among those was reconstructed in an effort to build a family tree of major group structures. Stochastic code Serpent2 [1] was employed to generate cross-sections of selected isotopes at different reactor compositions and conditions, using the investigated energy group structures. The impact on their generation was quantified by spectral weighted deviation. The 35 major energy structures were divided into three basic families. The key parameters distinguishing them were their applicability to thermal or fast reactors and their applicability in neutronic or multiphysics investigations. A sensitivity threshold of the generated cross-sections over the group structure resolution was investigated. The aim was to identify a group structure with very low dependency on the actual reactor spectrum.
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Cheng, Alex, Mary Malit, Chuanxi Zhang, and Nick Koudas. "SerpentTI." In SIGMOD/PODS'14: International Conference on Management of Data. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2588555.2594518.

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Wang, Gaoli, and Shaohui Wang. "Improved Differential Cryptanalysis of Serpent." In 2010 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security (CIS). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cis.2010.85.

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DESMET, RONNY. "THE SERPENT IN RUSSELL'S PARADISE." In Essays in Philosophy and History of Mathematics. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812812230_0010.

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Hu, Zhihua, Zhongping Qin, and Haiqing Han. "Impossible Differential-Algebraic Cryptanalysis of Serpent." In 2009 International Conference on Multimedia Information Networking and Security (MINES 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mines.2009.30.

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Amiri, Mohammad Amin, Mojdeh Mahdavi, Reza Ebrahimi Atani, and Sattar Mirzakuchaki. "QCA Implementation of Serpent Block Cipher." In 2009 Second International Conference on Advances in Circuits, Electronics and Micro-electronics (CENICS). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cenics.2009.18.

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Chen, Wenlue, Boli Li, and Zhihua Hu. "Rectangle Algebraic Attack of Serpent Encryption Algorithm." In 2010 International Symposium on Intelligence Information Processing and Trusted Computing (IPTC). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iptc.2010.86.

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Yang, Di, and Ya Liu. "Literary Geographical Gene in The Plumed Serpent." In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Art Studies: Science, Experience, Education (ICASSEE 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icassee-18.2018.33.

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Reports on the topic "SERPENT2"

1

Fieguth, T. Snakes, rotators, serpents and the octahedral group. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5848551.

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Kerby, Leslie, Mark DeHart, and Aaron Tumulak. Integration of OpenMC methods into MAMMOTH and Serpent. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1369533.

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Bass, Len, Erik Hardy, Kurt Hoyt, M. R. Little, Seacord Jr., and Robert. Introduction to the Serpent User Interface Management System. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada200085.

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Strydom, Gerhard, Vincent M. Laboure, and Javier Ortensi. HTTR 3 D Cross Section Generation with Serpent and MAMMOTH. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1484524.

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Drinkwine, Brian M. The Serpent in Our Garden: Al-Qa'Ida and The Long War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada481003.

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Talamo, Alberto, Yousry Gohar, Zhaopeng Zhong, Yan Cao, Igor Bolshinsky, Yu N. Pepelyshev, and Alexander Vinogradov. IBR-2M Reactor Modeling with MCNP, SERPENT, CUBIT, and GIMP Computer Programs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1483950.

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Petrova, Antoaneta S. Amaranthus viridis and Euphorbia serpens, New Alien Species Records for the Flora of Bulgaria. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/grabs2018.1.06.

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Petrova, Antoaneta S. AmarantAntoaneta S.hus viridis and Euphorbia serpens, New Alien Species Records for the Flora of Bulgaria. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.01.06.

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