Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Serial offender'
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1
Garforth, Tayne. "Serial robbery: An investigation into the variations of offence behaviour and implications for inferring offender characteristics." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/252.
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This research investigates whether and to what extent the thematic structure of robbery offence behaviours identified in L. Alison, W. Rockett, S. Deprez & S. Watts, 2000 is replicated for an Australian sample of serial robbers. Offence variables representing variations in the degree of planning (proactive-reactive) and self-control (rational-impulsive) were examined from a sample of offences obtained from 91 serial robbery offenders using data obtained from police Offence Reports in Western Australia. A Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) tended to support the relevance of these psychological processes to robbery behaviour and considered to offer a meaningful basis for distinguishing between robbery offences according to three narrative themes. However, the thematic structure of the "Amateur" robber (identified in previous research as "Bandits") differed in some respects from that proposed by Alison et al. (2000). This research further aimed to evaluate the hypothesis that proposes the consistency of these themes as a function of narrative roles. Overall, a total of 78 cases (85. 7%) were found to exhibit the same 'pure' or hybrid theme across at least two of the three offences committed in the series and considered to provide some support to the hypothesis that the SSA structure represents the dominant themes underlying robbery behaviour and the utility of narrative theory as a useful framework in explaining variations in offence behaviour. Whilst results indicated that offence behaviour of individual robbers were consistent with the themes underlying differences in robber styles, the examination of specific offence variables using Cochran' s Q tests and frequency analysis suggests that some caution must be incorporated into investigative strategies involving the use of single behavioural indicators in the identification of serial offenders and offence linking. Whilst these results have implications for research methods that focus on identifying clusters of behaviours that reflect meaningful aspects of "personality", the nature of behavioural consistency suggests that this robber typology may be improved with further investigation of situational factors influencing crime scene behaviour in order to achieve the development of a more productive model for contemporary offender profiling.
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Witzig, Eric W. "Observations on The Serial Killer Phenomenon: An Examination of Selected Behaviors of the Interstate Offender Contrasted with the Intrastate Offender." VCU Scholars Compass, 1995. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5546.
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The purpose of this work was to compare serial homicides committed by interstate and intrastate offenders and to determine differences in behavior between them. Knowledge of such differences would enable the trained homicide detective to structure his investigation according to the killer's inferred range of action.
This study used homicide data collected by the Violent Criminal Apprehension Program (VICAP), of the National Center for the Analysis of Violent Crime (NCAVC). VICAP's data was voluntarily submitted by investigators working at the state, local, and federal levels. The VICAP database had information on more than 804 cases of homicides committed by 241 different, serial offenders.
The VICAP data was examined in order to learn whether offender behaviors could reveal a distinction between the
interstate serial offender and the intrastate serial offender. Five variables of conscious or unconscious offender behavior were selected: (1) the victim's occupation, (2) the victim's last known location, (3) the type and kind of restraints used on the victim (if any), (4) the victim's cause of death, and (5) the level of concealment of the victim at the body disposal site. Information from the attributes in these variables could be helpful to the homicide detective in an early determination of the types and kinds of investigative resources that should be applied to the case for a successful resolution.
A hypothesis was formed: there is a detectable difference on the five variables in the behaviors of interstate and intrastate serial killers. The findings supported the hypothesis that there was a detectable difference between the two types of serial killers. An unexpected finding revealed that one type of offender was more deadly than the other, and thus less
likely to leave behind surviving victims. viii interstate serial offender and the intrastate serial offender. Five variables of conscious or unconscious offender behavior were selected: (1) the victim's occupation, (2) the victim's last known location, (3) the type and kind of restraints used on the victim (if any), (4) the victim's cause of death, and (5) the level of concealment of the victim at the body disposal site. Information from the attributes in these variables could be helpful to the homicide detective in an early determination of the types and kinds of investigative resources that should be applied to the case for a successful resolution.
A hypothesis was formed: there is a detectable difference on the five variables in the behaviors of interstate and intrastate serial killers. The findings supported the hypothesis that there was a detectable difference between the two types of serial killers. An unexpected finding revealed that one type of offender was more deadly than the other, and thus less likely to leave behind surviving victims.
3
Corovic, Jelena. "Offender Profiling in Cases of Swedish Stranger Rapes." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-89582.
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Swedish national statistics suggest that the number of reported stranger rapes is steadily increasing. Stranger rape is one of the most difficult types of crime for the police to investigate because there is no natural tie between the victim and offender. As a result, there is a need for more knowledge about how crime scene features could be used to make inferences of likely offender characteristics that could help investigators narrow down the pool of suspects. The aim in Study I was to examine how offender behaviors interact with contextual features, victim behaviors, and the assault outcome. Results suggest that the stranger rapes could be distinguished by five different dynamic rape pattern themes, which mainly differed on two dimensions: level of violence to control the victim, and level of impulsivity/premeditation characterizing the rapes. The results also highlight the importance of including contextual features when studying offender behaviors. The aim in Study II was to examine how single-victim rapists and serial rapists can be differentiated by the actions at their first stranger rape. Results suggest that three behaviors in conjunction: kissed victim, controlled victim, and offender drank alcohol before the offense, could be used to predict whether the offender was a single-victim rapist or serial rapist with a classification accuracy of 80.4 %. The aim in Study III was to examine how stranger rapists could be differentiated from a normative sample on background characteristics, and if stranger rapists’ pre-assault and initial-attack behaviors could be used to predict likely offender characteristics. Results showed that the strongest predictions could be made for previous criminal convictions, offender age, and the distance traveled by the offender to offend. Overall, the present thesis has found some scientific support for the use of crime scene behaviors to make inferences of likely offender characteristics that could be useful for profiling purposes.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Submitted. Paper 3: Submitted.
4
Braimovic, Monique. "Partners in Crime: Toward an Integrated, Explanatory Theory of Serial Killer Collaboration." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-26673.
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The study of serial killer collaboration has received little attention in academia. While current explanatory theories of serial homicide can include subtypes of serial killers that operate alone, the study of collaborating serial killers has been neglected. In this paper, an integrated, explanatory theory of serial killer collaboration is proposed. The theory builds on concepts from social learning theory, the trauma control model, and relational self theory and aims to examine what interpersonal dynamics that characterize the partnerships of collaborating serial killers. Five cases of collaborating serial killers have been analyzed and compared with focus on individual life histories and how these are reflected in the interpersonal dynamics in serial killer collaboration. The study found that serial killer collaboration is fundamentally characterized by a mutual need for human connection and approval, and that sociocultural role expectations affect the interpersonal dynamics of collaborating serial killers in terms of dominance, victim-preference, victim-acquisition, and method of murder.
5
Tonkin, Matthew James. "Behavioural case linkage : generalisability, ecological validity, and methodology." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27620.
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Behavioural case linkage (BCL) is a procedure that can be used to identify linked crime series, which contain two or more crimes committed by the same person, thereby helping the police to detect and prosecute repeat offenders who are responsible for a disproportionate amount of crime. However, despite the potential benefits of BCL, there are also damaging consequences if crimes are incorrectly linked. Consequently, research has started to test if and how this procedure can work in the most efficient and reliable way. But, the extant literature has a number of important limitations, particularly in terms of (1) generalisability (i.e., there have been few attempts to replicate findings across geographical locations and time periods), (2) ecological validity (i.e., the methodology used to test BCL is not representative of how the procedure is used in practice), and (3) methodology (i.e., there is a lack of research to systematically compare the various methodological/statistical approaches to BCL). The primary aim of this thesis was to address these three important limitations. In terms of generalisability, this thesis has tested the extent to which previous BCL research on residential burglary, commercial robbery, and car theft can be replicated in new geographical locations and time periods. In terms of ecological validity, a number of new methodologies have been developed and tested that reduce the gap between research and practice in BCL by allowing both non-serial and unsolved offences (as well as solved, serial offences) to be included when testing the principles of BCL, and also for these principles to be tested with crime series that contain several different types of offence. In terms of methodology, novel methodological approaches have been compared with the ‘traditional’, status quo methodology for researching the BCL principles, thereby ensuring that the findings reported in this thesis can be compared with previous work. This thesis, therefore, has important implications for theory, research, and practice and the findings are discussed in the context of these. Future research directions are also outlined.
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Labuschagne, Gerard Nicholas. "Foreign object insertion in sexual homicide cases an exploratory study /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-08222008-092736.
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Hammond, Laura. "Spatial patterns in serial crime : Modelling offence distribution and home-crime relationships for prolific individual offenders." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511060.
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Mc, Laughlin Shona. "Will they kill again? Comparative analysis of first crime scenes from serial homicide offenders and non-serial homicide offenders." Thesis, Mc Laughlin, Shona (2021) Will they kill again? Comparative analysis of first crime scenes from serial homicide offenders and non-serial homicide offenders. Masters by Coursework thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/63232/.
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Homicide, especially serial homicide, is a very serious crime, which both captures and terrifies the public. Previous studies which compare serial homicide offenders to single homicide offenders are scarce. This study aimed to determine if it was possible to distinguish between both groups of offenders by looking at factors of the first crime scene to see if investigators could use this information to establish if the offenders will kill again. By building a database of 80 offenders (40 serial and 40 single), 22 variables regarding the offender, the victim, the location, and crime scene behaviours were compared and analysed using statistical analysis. 5 factors were found to be significantly different between the 2 groups - year of 1st murder, apprehension time lag, location relationship, trophies, and theft. Although there was differences found, these factors would not be enough on their own to distinguish between serial and single homicide offenders by examining the first crime scenes.
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De, Wet Jackie De Wet Johan Andrew. "An exploratory analysis of serial rape." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05312009-013437.
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Hodge, Samantha. "Spatial patterns in serial murder : a conceptual model of disposal site location choice." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266365.
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Butterworth, D. A. "The behavioural linking and profiling of serial, stranger, rape offences." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597191.
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In the last fifteen years, offender profiling has emerged in the United Kingdom to be generally regarded as having an important contribution to make to the investigation of very serious crimes, as well as being a perennial source of interest for the popular media. Despite this, very few critical evaluations of the theoretical and empirical basis for profiling have been carried out. The focus of this thesis is to provide such an evaluation, specifically on the use of offenders' offence behaviour to behaviourally profile and link serial, stranger rape offenders and offences. The research adds to the study of profiling and linking by providing a broader review of the problems in studying rape, such as legal definitions, the dark figure and differential reporting. The question of why profiling and linking make an assumption of behavioural consistency is examined and is suggested to lie in the adoption of a strongly motivation emphasis to the conceptualisation of the offender drawn from the broader aetiology of rape literature. These motivational explanations are contrasted against alternative theories of rape causation. The specific literature on the profiling and linking of rape is then reviewed, the relationship between profiling and linking assessed and then the evidence for the efficacy of profiling and linking examined. All are found wanting. Retheorisations of both the offender and the criminal event are offered with a less direct relationship between the two and the implications for profiling discussed. Finally, an empirical analysis of offender and offence data collected for this research is used to provide empirical support to some of the arguments made in the preceding discussion.
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Hodgskiss, Brin Allan. "A multivariate model of the offence behaviours of South African serial killers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007793.
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It was hypothesised that there would be behavioural consistencies in the offences of South African serial killers. The themes underlying these observable differences can help us understand the nature of these offences. Crime scene data was ohtained from police records, and structured, in-depth offender interviews. 73 offences, committed by 13 offenders, were analysed. The analysis used Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), a Multidimensional scaling (MDS) procedure. This analysis revealed systematic patterns of behaviour in the offences. It was found that the focus of these offences is an impersonal, hostile, and act-focused murder were the victim is treated as a depersonalised object. Empirical support for an underlying thematic structure to these offences was also provided. The offence themes identified relate to the nature of the actions committed during the offence, and the function these actions had for the offender. These fmdings thus support the hypothesis that these offences will display meaningful behavioural variation. These findings have direct utility in the investigation and study of serial killing in South Aflica. They also provide the basis for comparison with previously suggested typologies of serial killing, and indicate directions for future research into this phenomenon in the South African setting.KMBT_363
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Gurtner, Skye. "An analysis of the appropriateness of community-based orders for women appearing in the Brisbane Magistrates Court 1998-1999." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36904/1/36904_Gurtner_2002.pdf.
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Whilst community-based programs can offer credible sentencing alternatives to imprisonment, it is of critical importance that these community-based corrections programs are truly diversionary. Community-based orders, whilst addressing their offending behaviour, also need to cater for the needs and unique circumstances of women. This research paper analyses the appropriateness of community-based orders for women, drawing upon principles of substantive equality. Substantive equality is based on the notion that equality will be achieved by ensurif')g the impact of laws is fair. It is not only necessary to merely create equality of access and opportunity but to ensure equality of result. Thus, women should be given the opportunity to successfully complete CommunityBased Orders when they may not have previously been given the opportunity to do so due to the unique circumstances specific to women, like pregnancy. This means that, different treatment may be required to achieve real fairness in outcome. As part of this analysis, community-correctional officers and magistrates are approached to garner their views and perceptions of women on community-based orders, including difficulties in sentencing and experiences whilst on community-based orders. This thesis concludes with some recommendations to address the difficulties women experience in completing a community-based order to ensure equality of result, not just equality of opportunity are explored.
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Hodgskiss, Brin Allan. "A narrative exposition of serial murder in South Africa." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24501.
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This study explores the phenomenon of serial murder from the perspective of narrative psychology. Using a case study approach and a grounded theory analytical process this qualitative study utilised the narrative concept of the imago to explore the motivation and development of those who commit serial murder in South Africa. The aim is increase our theoretical understanding of serial murder in directions that support offender profiling. Semi-structured interviews with two South African men who committed serial murder were undertaken and analysed alongside archival data. Their imagoes formed the focus of the analysis. This analysis included a consideration of how the individual’s motivations and developmental patterns were reflected in their crime scenes. This study demonstrated that imagoes play a significant role in the motives for offending, and development of offence behaviours, in men who commit serial murder. The imagoes help create motives; then embody these motives by encouraging and justifying certain types of behaviour in the individual. Interactions between imagoes were particularly significant in this regard. The dominant imago associated with the individual’s self was also associated with the development of a behavioural template for offending, and was thus especially significant in embodying motive. The development of offending was further encouraged by the separation between imagoes involved in offending and those that are not. However differences between the case studies were also observed, such as the extent to which imagoes develop in interaction with others and the roles played by their imagoes in the developmental narrative of their offending. These findings shed novel theoretical light on the study of serial murder in South Africa. It suggests directions for research into the role of narrative and culture in offending, and for the study of the imago as an embodied mode of interpersonal interaction. It also offers opportunities for research aiming to support offender profiling, and proposes a possible synthesis of competing conceptions of serial murder.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Psychology
unrestricted
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Sullivan, Katherine Maree. "Motivating and maintaining desistance from crime: male Aboriginal serial offenders' experience of 'going good'." Phd thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/9847.
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Aboriginal people are over represented in prison in Australia, being 13 times more
likely to be incarcerated than non-Indigenous people. Repeat offenders make up a
high proportion of the Aboriginal prison population, yet most repeat offenders
eventually cease offending or desist from crime. Why do they stop? The process of
desistance is complex, non-linear and varies between individuals. North American
and British studies report the role of structure and, more latterly, cognition and
agency in desistance and re-formation of offender identities. Few of these studies
examine the context, particularly the cultural context, of desisters and desistance. This thesis uses anthropological and ethnographic approaches to present and
analyse the life narratives of Aboriginal men from north-western New South
Wales who have been repeat offenders and are now ‘going good’ (i.e. have ceased
offending). Concepts of agency (and its temporal orientations), cultural schemas
and figured worlds are applied. The stories of the early lives of participants and the
views of community members paint the backdrop of offence, desistance, identity
formation and re-formation. The agentic role of the motivating cultural schemas of
fatherhood, life partnership, committed kin and respected man are found to operate
in the initiation of desistance as men consider ontological security and extricate
themselves from the figured world of repeat offender. The interplay of contingency and capacity is critical in the maintenance of desistance, with shortfalls in the individual’s capacity sometimes being bolstered by spousal and family support. The thesis examines the role and interaction of Aboriginal and offender identity in desistance and maps the repeated expression of the underlying value of ‘looking after’ family and kin, and in this context the role of post-release occupation in desistance is critically examined. Continuity of aspects of identity are discovered to be critical in achieving desistance and paradoxically, achieving continuity often involves innovation in relationships with kin and/or in expression of the moral value of ‘looking after’ or ‘caring for’ (kin).
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Miškovská, Bára. "Problematika osobnosti pachatele v kriminologii." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-372915.
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology In my diploma thesis, I have focused on the offender's personality in Criminology. Even though the personality of each person is individual, it still has some features that are common to more offenders. By describing these characteristics and factors, I tried to find the answer to the question whether a person is predestined to be a killer or whether it depends on our decisions. In connection with this, I was asking myself whether it is possible to know in advance that someone has a predisposition to be a killer or whether murder can be prevented. Can we choose our destiny? The diploma thesis is divided into two parts. After defining the basic concepts, in the second chapter I describe the offender's personality from the point of view of psychology, criminology and criminal law. In the third chapter I provide an overview of criminological theories, formed during the development of criminology, where a divergence from the conception of born criminal is perceptible. The fourth chapter is devoted to individual types of offenders and is complemented by chapter five that deals with factors that affect criminal behaviour. The second part of my work is divided into five chapters, where the chapter six and seven deal with a murder and a personality of...
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Lubaszka, Christine Katherine. "Pre- and post-offence behaviours of healthcare serial killers as a confidence game." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10155/287.
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Extant literature, while plentiful on the topic of serial homicide in general, does not
adequately examine the phenomena of healthcare professionals who serially murder their
patients. Using a sample of 58 healthcare serial killers located within North America,
South America and Europe between the years of 1970-2010, this study examines notable
pre- and post-offence behaviours of healthcare serial killers. Patterns related to offender
etiology, victim cultivation, crime scene behaviour and techniques of evasion were
explored. The findings from this study suggest that the pre- and post-offence behaviours
of healthcare serial killers can be examined from the theoretical framework of confidence
men or ‘con men.’ The findings from this study also suggest that healthcare serial killings
and offenders who perpetrate them continue to be elusive and warrant additional
scholarly attention to reduce their likelihood of engaging in homicide undetected for
extended periods of time. Policy implications are also discussed.UOIT
18
Chou, Yu-ying, and 周毓瑩. "Using Serial Emotional Stroop Tasks to Examine the Emotion-Cognition Interactions in the Sex Offenders and the Healthy Controls." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12957114139678404039.
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碩士國立中央大學
認知與神經科學研究所
96
In the current study, a series of emotional Stroop tasks were used to examine the emotion－cognition interactions across the sex offenders and the normal controls. According to the previous research, the individuals with various emotional and drug-abuse disorders demonstrated attentional bias for the stimuli specifically related to their characteristics. Therefore, we employed the emotional Stroop paradigm including both versions of words and pictures (Exp. 2 & Exp. 3) to investigate whether the sex offenders showed the differential attentional bias effect compared to the controls while their brain potentials were measured. In the experiment 2, we found the longer reaction time for the erotic words both in the sex offenders and the normal controls. The ERP results showed that the main effects of emotion on the P2, N2 and late positive potential (LPP) in the sex offenders while on the N2 and LPP in the controls. More interesting, due to the marginally significant interaction effect of emotion and group on the LPP component, this indicated the sex offenders seemed to pay less sustained-attention to the erotic words compared to the controls. We suggest that the sex offenders might use the deliberate regulation of the erotic influence. Furthermore, the positive relations between the LPP and the bias scores were significant in the controls. However, instead of the LPP, the N2 component positively correlated with the bias scores in the sex offenders. In the experiment 3, behaviorally, there was no main effect of emotion in both groups, but the ERP results revealed that there were significant modulations of emotion on the early and late components, the N2 and LPP, in both groups. Furthermore, the differential scalp distribution patterns of emotional modulations on the two groups were found, that was, we found a significant three-way interaction effect (Caudality × Emotion × Group). In summary, the current study demonstrated that the attentional bias effect occurred not only behaviorally but also in our brains. Namely, we found the emotional modulations on the ERP components. These indicate that the capacity-limited attention resource was voluntarily devoted to the emotionally salient events. More important, the different performances between the sex offenders and the controls may imply that there were differential neural mechanisms underlying the emotion－cognition interactions between the two groups. Further, the possible causes, implications, and directions for future research are discussed.
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Adámková, Denisa. "Problematika osobnosti pachatele v kriminologii. Pachatelé sériových vražd." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-404443.
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The Issue of an Offender's Personality in Criminology Serial killers The cardinal topic of this diploma thesis is an analysis of an offender's personality and the major focus is given on serial killers. Although the serial killer's personality is the main topic of the thesis, a significant part deals with a criminological, forensic psychological and legal theory, involving the explanation of the relevant legal terms. This diploma thesis aims to provide the reader a comprehensive overview of serial killers. The main goal of the thesis is not only to offer probable profile of the serial killer, but to introduce Czech and foreign expert findings into the context with the Czech law and jurisprudence as well. Also, the thesis aims to help the reader to perceive differences among serial killers, mass killers and spree killers, as these multiple killers are often confused. I present some real cases for better illustration of the issue. From the huge amount of serial killers, I have chosen the most interesting or the most recent ones. In the first chapter I explain the term offender. I distinguish the legal and criminological point of view. The cardinal topic of the second chapter is the offender's personality. The first part of this chapter is focused psychologically, nevertheless in the introduction I...
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Krause, André. "The crime threat analysis process, an assessment." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1727.
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The study investigated the application of the crime threat analysis process at station level within the Nelson Mandela Metro City area with the objective of determining inhibiting factors (constraints) and best practices.
Qualitative research methodology was applied and interviews were conducted with crime analysts and specialised investigators/intelligence analysts. The research design can be best described as descriptive and explorative in nature.
The crime threat analysis process embroils the application of various crime analysis techniques and the outcomes thereof intends to have a dual purpose of generating operational crime management information in assisting crime prevention initiatives and crime detection efforts, mainly focussing on the criminal activities of group offenders (organised crime related), repeat offenders and serial offenders.
During the study it became evident that crime analysts understand and thus apply the crime threat analysis process indifferently, which impeded on the relevancy and the utilisation thereof as an effective crime management tool.Criminology
M.Tech. (Policing)