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Academic literature on the topic 'Séquences images médicales'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Séquences images médicales"
Mhedhbi, Imen. "Compression en qualité diagnostic de séquences d’images médicales pour des plateformes embarquées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066745.
Full textHospitals and medical centers produce an enormous amount of digital medical images every day especially in the form of image sequences. Due to the large storage size and limited transmission and width, an efficient compression technique is necessary. We first proposed a compressor algorithm for medical images sequences MMWaaves. It is based on Markov fields coupled with the certified medical device Waaves of Cira company. We demonstrated that MMWaaves provided a compression gains greater than 30% compared to JPEG2000 and Waaves while ensuring outstanding image quality for medical diagnosis (SSIM> 0.98). In addition, it achieved compression rates equal to those obtained by H.264 while improving the image quality. Then we developed a new compression algorithm MLPWaaves based on DWT difference followed by a new adaptive scanning model LPEAM in order to optimize the local stationary of wavelet coefficients. We obtained a compression gain up to 80% compared to Waaves and JPEG2000 while ensuring exceptional quality for medical diagnosis. Finally, in order to transmit medical images for diagnostic from the health center to the mobile device of the doctor, we proposed client-server remote radiology system for encoding and decoding. It is based on a multithreading paradigm to accelerate treatment. The validation of this solution was performed on two different platforms. We achieved an acceleration factor of 5 on an Intel Core i7-2600 and a factor of 3 on Samsung Galaxy tablet
Bai, Yuhui. "Compression temps réel de séquences d'images médicales sur les systèmes embarqués." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CERG0743.
Full textIn the field of healthcare, developments in medical imaging are progressing very fast. New technologies have been widely used for the support of patient medical diagnosis and treatment. The mobile healthcare becomes an emerging trend, which provides remote healthcare and diagnostics. By using telecommunication networks and information technology, the medical records including medical imaging and patient's information can be easily and rapidly shared between hospitals and healthcare services. Due to the large storage size and limited transmission bandwidth, an efficient compression technique is necessary. As a medical certificate image compression technique, WAAVES provides high compression ratio while ensuring outstanding image quality for medical diagnosis. The challenge is to remotely transmit the medical image through the mobile device to the healthcare center over a low bandwidth network. Our goal is to propose a high-speed embedded image compression solution, which can provide a compression speed of 10MB/s while maintaining the equivalent compression quality as its software version. We first analyzed the WAAVES encoding algorithm and evaluated its software complexity, based on a precise software profiling, we revealed that the complex algorithm in WAAVES makes it difficult to be optimized for certain implementations under very hard constrains, including area, timing and power consumption. One of the key challenges is that the Adaptive Scanning block and Hierarchical Enumerative Coding block in WAAVES take more than 90% of the total execution time. Therefore, we exploited several potentialities of optimizations of the WAAVES algorithm to simplify the hardware implementation. We proposed the methodologies of the possible implementations of WAAVES, which started from the evaluation of software implementation on DSP platforms, following this evaluation we carried out our hardware implementation of WAAVES. Since FPGAs are widely used as prototyping or actual SoC implementation for signal processing applications, their massive parallelism and abundant on-chip memory allow efficient implementation that often rivals CPUs and DSPs. We designed our WAAVES Encoder SoC based on an Altera's Stratix IV FPGA, the two major time consuming blocks: Adaptive Scanning and Hierarchical Enumerative Coding are designed as IP accelerators. We realized the IPs with two different optimization levels and integrated them into our Encoder SoC. The Hardware implementation running at 100MHz provides significant speedup compared to the other software implementation including ARM Cortex A9, DSP and CPU and can achieve a coding speed of 10MB/s that fulfills the goals of our thesis
Ahouandjinou, Arnaud. "Reconnaissance de scénario par les Modèles de Markov Cachés Crédibilistes : Application à l'interprétation automatique de séquences vidéos médicales." Thesis, Littoral, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DUNK0380/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the study and the implementation of an intelligent visual monitoring system in hospitals. In the context of an application for patient monitoring in mediacal intensive care unit, we introduce an original concept of the Medical Black Box and we propose a new system for visual monitoring of Automatic Detection of risk Situations and Alert (DASA) based on a CCTV system with network smart camera. The aim is to interpret the visual information flow and to detect at real-time risk situations to prevent the mediacl team and then archive the events in a video that is based Medical Black Box data. The interpretation system is based on scenario recognition algorithms that exploit the Hidden Markov Models (HMM). An extension of the classic model of HMM is proposed to handle the internal reporting structure of the scenarios and to control the duration of each state of the Markov model. The main contribution of this work relies on the integration of an evidential reasoning, in order to manage the recognition decision taking into account the imperfections of available information. The proposed scenarios recognition method have been tested and assessed on database of medical video sequences and compared to standard probabilistic Hidden Markov Models
Debreuve, Eric. "Segmentation par contours actifs en imagerie médicale dynamique : application en cardiologie nucléaire." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00506987.
Full textAmiot, Carole. "Débruitage de séquences par approche multi-échelles : application à l'imagerie par rayons X." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT084.
Full textAcquired with low doses of X-rays, fluoroscopic sequences are used to guide the medical staff during some medical procedures. However, image quality is inversely proportional to acquisition doses. We present here a noise reduction algorithm compensating for the effects of an acquisition at a reduced dose. Such a reduction enables better health protection for the patient as well as for the medical staff. The proposed method is based on a spatio-temporal filter applied on the 2D multi-scales representations of the sequence images to allow for a greater noise reduction. The motion-compensated, recursive filter acccounts for most of the noise reduction. It is composed of a detection and pairing step, which output determines how a coefficient is filtered. Spatial filtering is based on a contextual thresholding to avoid introducing shape-like artifacts. We compare this filtering both in the curvelet and dual-tree complex wavelet domains and show it offers better results than state-of-the-art methods
Schaerer, Joël. "Segmentation et suivi de structures par modèle déformable élastique non-linéaire. Application à l'analyse automatisée de séquences d'IRM cardiaques." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00473199.
Full textMougel, Eloise. "Mise en évidence des mécanismes physiques d'obtention d'une image IRM à l'aide d'une séquence de contraste dipolaire : Application aux tissus rigides." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2019LYSEI028/these.pdf.
Full textThe main objective of magnetic resonance imaging is to provide information for clinical diagnosis. From imaging sequences acting on the behaviour of microscopic magnetisation, it is possible to have access to a valuable source of macroscopic information. In this thesis, we study a sequence type adapted to the investigation of rigid tissues such as cartilage. The principal advantage of these sequences is to modulate the dipolar interaction present in the tissues. The dipolar contrast sequence, which served as a basis for our work, is derived from a RMN sequence called Magic Sandwich Echo (MSE) that allows us to modify the dipolar interaction. Initially developed to probe extremely solid materials, it had been modified in the laboratory to be used on "less solid" biological tissues. With this version the acquisition time has been reduced by two orders of magnitude, which makes this method compatible with clinical context. The original purpose of this thesis work is to specify the context of implementation of this sequence and to compare it to other types of sequences (spin echo, stimulated echo and elastography) to deduce new parameters of interest. We have worked on samples that have properties close to solid materials: polymers of plastisol® type. Therefore this study gives the application framework of dipolar sequences of the MSE type for diagnosis
Casta, Christopher. "Estimation 3D conjointe forme/structure/mouvement dans des séquences dynamiques d'images : Application à l'obtention de modèles cardiaques patients spécifiques anatomiques et fonctionnels." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00835830.
Full textBresson, Damien. "Étude de l’écoulement sanguin dans un anévrysme intracrânien avant et après traitement par stent flow diverter : quantification par traitement d’images de séquences angiographiques 2D." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2308/document.
Full textIntracranial aneurysms treatment based on intra aneurismal flow modification tend to replace traditionally coiling in many cases and not only complex aneurysms for which they were initially designed. Dedicated stents (low porosity, high pores density stents) called “flow diverter” stents are deployed across the neck of the aneurysm to achieve this purpose. The summation of three different mechanisms tend to lead to the healing of the aneurysm: immediate flow alteration due to the mechanical screen effect of the stent, physiological triggering of acute or progressive thrombus formation inside the aneurysm’s pouch and long term biological response leading in neointima formation and arterial wall remodeling. This underlying sequence of processes is also supposed to decrease the recanalization rate. Scientific data supporting the flow alteration theory are numerous and especially computational flow dynamics (CFD). These approaches are very helpful for improving biomechanical knowledge of the relations between blood flow and pathology, but they do not fit in real-time treatments. Neuroendovascular treatments are performed under dynamic x-ray modality (digital subtracted angiography a DSA-).However, in daily practice, FD stents are sized to the patient’s 3D vasculature anatomy and then deployed. The flow modification is then evaluated by the clinician in an intuitive manner: the decision to deploy or not another stent is based solely on a visual estimation. The lack of tools available in the angioroom for quantifying in real time the blood flow hemodynamics should be pointed out. It would make sense to take advantage of functional data contained in contrast bolus propagation and not only anatomical data. Thus, we proposed to create flow software based on angiographic analysis. This software was built using algorithms developed and validated on 2D-DSA sequences obtained in a swine intracranial aneurysm model. This intracranial animal model was also optimized to obtain 3D vascular imaging and experimental hemodynamic data that could be used to realize realistic computational flow dynamic. In a third step, the software tool was used to analyze flow modification from angiographic sequences acquired during unruptured IA from patients treated with a FD stent. Finally, correlation between flow change and aneurysm occlusion at long term follow-up with the objective of identifying predictive markers of long term occlusion was performed
Leclerc, Sarah Marie-Solveig. "Automatisation de la segmentation sémantique de structures cardiaques en imagerie ultrasonore par apprentissage supervisé." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI121.
Full textThe analysis of medical images plays a critical role in cardiology. Ultrasound imaging, as a real-time, low cost and bed side applicable modality, is nowadays the most commonly used image modality to monitor patient status and perform clinical cardiac diagnosis. However, the semantic segmentation (i.e the accurate delineation and identification) of heart structures is a difficult task due to the low quality of ultrasound images, characterized in particular by the lack of clear boundaries. To compensate for missing information, the best performing methods before this thesis relied on the integration of prior information on cardiac shape or motion, which in turns reduced the adaptability of the corresponding methods. Furthermore, such approaches require man- ual identifications of key points to be adapted to a given image, which makes the full process difficult to reproduce. In this thesis, we propose several original fully-automatic algorithms for the semantic segmentation of echocardiographic images based on supervised learning ap- proaches, where the resolution of the problem is automatically set up using data previously analyzed by trained cardiologists. From the design of a dedicated dataset and evaluation platform, we prove in this project the clinical applicability of fully-automatic supervised learning methods, in particular deep learning methods, as well as the possibility to improve the robustness by incorporating in the full process the prior automatic detection of regions of interest