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Firmansyah, Yusi, Dhehave Riaviandhi, and Reza Muhammad Ganjar Gani. "Sikuen Stratigrafi Formasi Talang Akar Lapangan “Dr”, Sub–Cekungan Jambi,Cekungan Sumatera Selatan." Bulletin of Scientific Contribution 14, no. 3 (January 26, 2017): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/bsc.vol14.yr2016.art10970.
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The area of this study include to PT. Energi Mega Persada Tbk work area. The area of this study is located in Jambi Sub - Basin, South Sumatera Basin. This study is emphasized to examine the sequence stratigraphy of Talang Akar Formation. The data that is used in this study include core, mudlog, 3D seismic, well log, and palynomorf fossil. The result of those data analysis and data correlation are lithofacies, electrofacies, depositional environment, and stratigrahys sequences of Talang Akar Formation. From data analysis, the facies’ that develop in Talang Akar Formation are A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, and M. Those facies’are deposited in fluvial – deltaicenvironment at Late Oligocene until Early Miocene. From the well correlation and seismic interpretation, the sediment distribution pattern of Talang Akar Formation become thicker and deeper in the west side and the highland is located relatively in the east of the study area. At the area of study Talang Akar formation is very influenced by structure. From the lithofacies and electrofacies analysis, there are six kinds of stratigraphy sequencesthat develop in the study area. System tracts LST-1 (braided channel) just developed at sequence-1. The other sequences developed TST 1 – 4 (floodplain meandering channel), TST 5 – 6 (marsh delta plain), HST 1 – 4 (crevasse splay meandering channel) and HST 5 – 6 (floodplain delta plain). . Keywordsi: Sequence stratigraphy, facies,depositional environment, Talang Akar Formation, Jambi Sub - Basin. Daerah penelitian termasuk ke dalam wilayah kerja PT. Energi Mega Persada Tbk. Daerah penelitian berada di Sub – Cekungan Jambi, Cekungan Sumatera Selatan. Studi ini difokuskan untuk membahas sikuen stratigrafi Formasi Talang Akar. Dalam penelitian ini, data yang digunakan adalah core, mudlog, seismik 3 dimensi, well log, dan fosil palinomorf. Hasil dari analisis dan korelasi data tersebut adalah litofasies, elektrofasies, sikuen stratigrafi, dan lingkungan pengendapan dari Formasi Talang Akar. Dari analisis data tersebut didapatkan bahwa fasies yang berkembang pada Formasi Talang Akar adalah fasies A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, dan M. Fasies tersebut diendapkan di lingkungan fluvial – deltaic pada umur Oligosen Akhir sampai Miosen Awal. Berdasarkan korelasi antar sumur dan interpretasi seismik, distribusi sedimen Formasi Talang Akar lebih menebal dan mendalam pada sisi barat dengan tinggian yang berada relatif pada bagian timur daerah penelitian. Pada daerah penelitian Formasi Talang Akar sangat dipengaruhi oleh struktur serta berdasarkan analisis litofasies dan elektrofasies terdapat 6 sikuen yang berkembang pada daerah penelitian. System tracts LST-1 (braided channel) hanya berkembang pada sikuen-1. Pada sikuen lainnya berkembang TST 1 – 4 (floodplain meandering channel), TST 5 – 6 (marsh delta plain), HST 1 – 4 (crevasse splay meandering channel) dan HST 5 – 6 (floodplain delta plain). Kata kunci : Sequence stratigraphy, facies, depositional environment, FormasiTalang Akar, Sub Cekungan Jambi.
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Catuneanu, Octavian, William E. Galloway, Christopher G. S. t. C. Kendall, Andrew D. Miall, Henry W. Posamentier, André Strasser, and Maurice E. Tucker. "Sequence Stratigraphy: Methodology and Nomenclature." Newsletters on Stratigraphy 44, no. 3 (November 1, 2011): 173–245. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0078-0421/2011/0011.
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Christie-Blick, Nicholas, Stephen F. Pekar, and Andrew S. Madof. "Is there a role for sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy?" Stratigraphy 4, no. 2-3 (2007): 217–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.04.2.15.
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Sequence stratigraphy revolutionized the field of stratigraphy in the late 1970s and 1980s by providing an interpretive depositional framework for integrating diverse stratigraphic data at the scale of sedimentary basins. However, a lack of consensus on criteria for recognizing, mapping and hence dating sequence boundaries, interpretations of uneven quality, and doubts about the universal eustatic origin and global synchrony of unconformity-related sequences limit the usefulness of sequence stratigraphy in chronostratigraphy.
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Courville, P., and P. Y. Collin. "Taphonomic sequences—A new tool for sequence stratigraphy." Geology 30, no. 6 (2002): 511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0511:tsantf>2.0.co;2.
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Li, Jin Hua. "Fluvial Facies Sequence Stratigraphy and its Application to Oil Exploration." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2715.
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It is considered that discussion on adaptability of sequence stratigraphy in fluvial sedimentation is significant for oil exploration. As the main controlling factor is the sea-level fluctuations in the coastal river system, Exxon sequence stratigraphy can be applied to divide the sequences into: lowstand, transgressive and highstand systems tracts. And in the inland fluvial system, the application of low- and high-accommodation systems tracts may keep more coincident with the actual stratigraphic record. From the Exxon stratigraphy to low- and high-accommodation systems tracts, each model will be of great value in the petroleum exploration because of the lateral phase transition raised and the vertical phase transition predicted. However, controlled by many allogenic processes, fluvial strata still shows many problems in which the patterns can not be clearly explained. Thus, fluvial sequence stratigraphy needs to be further developed. Researching on various models of fluvial facies sequence stratigraphy in the development process will bring the important theoretical and practical value to the oil reservoir exploration.
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Situmorang, Dr B. "Seismic Stratigraphy Of The Makassar Basin." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 10, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 3–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.10.1.895.
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Seismic reflection profiles from the Makassar basin have been analysed in terms of seismic stratigraphy. Systematic patterns of reflection terminations indicate the existence of at least three surfaces of discontinuity across the profiles-designated in order of superposition as C1, C2 and C3 - which define the boundaries of four seismic sequences, ie. :- seismic sequence I : topped by C1- seismic sequence II : the interval between C1 and C2- seismic sequence III : the interval between C2 and C3- seismic sequence IV : the interval between Cz and the sea floor Seismic sequence II is dominated by basin slope and basin floor seismic facies whereas seismic sequences II and IV consist of mainly shelf and shelf margin seismic facies. Correlation of seismic sequences with well data facilitates the exposition of basin development, The Late Cretaceous-early Tertiary regional uplift and erosion produced a major unconformity C1, upon which the transgressive facies of seismic sequence II was deposited. A lowstand of sea level due to the so-called intra-Mio- cene orogeny occurred in the upper Early Miocene and produced the C2. Deposition of seismic sequence III is marked by a relative rise of sea level, probably followed by another lowstand of sea level during Mio-Pliocene which formed the C3. The final event is an overall transgression and deposition of seismic sequence IV, with a possible minor lowstand of sea level in Pliocene-Recent, The occurrence of basin slope and basin floor seismic facies within seismic sequence II suggests that in the pre-Lower Miocene, basin subsidence was slightly greater than the rate of depositions. Since Lower Miocene both subsidence and sedimentation rates were equal and the deposition of shelf and shelf margin seismic facies of seismic sequences III and IV was prevailed in the basin.
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Yu, Ying Hua, Hong Qi Yuan, and Zi Xue Guo. "Sedimentary Characteristics in Zhalainuoer Group in Cano Depression Hailaer Basin." Advanced Materials Research 652-654 (January 2013): 2515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.652-654.2515.
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Based on the theory of sequence stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy framework of is established in this paper by comprehensively search of core, logging and 3-D seismic data. Zhalainuoer group in Cano Depression is divided into 5 3rd-order sequences: Sq1、Sq2、Sq3、Sq4、Sq5 from down to up. Based on the division and comparison of sequence formation, the sedimentary facies and the depositional system are proposed to study in the paper, and the main depositional systems are detailed explained. The distribution of these depositional systems is controlled by the sequence framework.
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Kwetche, Paul Gustave Fowe, Marie Joseph Ntamak-Nida, Adrien Lamire Djomeni Nitcheu, Jacques Etame, François Mvondo Owono, Cecile Olive Mbesse, Joseph Bertrand Iboum Kissaaka, Gilbert Ngon Ngon, Sylvie Bourquin, and Paul Bilong. "Facies Analysis and Sequence Stratigraphy of Missole Outcrops: N’Kapa Formation of the South-Eastern Edge of Douala Sub-Basin (Cameroon)." Earth Science Research 7, no. 1 (October 21, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/esr.v7n1p35.
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Missole facies description and sequence stratigraphy analysis allow a new proposal of depositional environments of the Douala sub-basin eastern part. The sediments of Missole outcrops (N’kapa Formation) correspond to fluvial/tidal channel to shallow shelf deposits with in some place embayment deposits within a warm and semi-arid climate. Integrated sedimentologic, palynologic and mineralogical data document a comprehensive sequence stratigraphy of this part of the Douala sub-basin. Five facies associations occur: (1) facies association I is characterized by Floodplain deposits; (2) facies association II is Fluvial to mouth bar deposits; (3) facies association III characterise Shallow Shelf deposits; (4) facies association IV represents Distal bay or Lacustrine déposits; and (5) Facies association V is made of Fluvial channel deposits. Six depositional sequences were identified. These sequences are composed of four progradational sequences and two retrogradational sequences containing a fluvial channel portion represented by lag deposits at the base of retrogradational sequences. These deposits represent the outset of the relative sea level rise period. In the study area, the N’kapa Formation is composed of non-marine/coastal aggradational deposits representing the early stage of the regressive period. The occurrence of the estuarine/bay deposits with paleosols development is interpreted as evidence of climate change with significant relative base level fluctuation. The study of key minerals associated to sequence stratigraphy as well as palynology demonstrated that sequence architecture has been controlled mostly by climate evolution and outcrops are dated Paleocene – early Eocene.
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Christie-Blick, Nicholas, and Neal W. Driscoll. "Sequence Stratigraphy." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 23, no. 1 (May 1995): 451–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ea.23.050195.002315.
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Zhang, Lei, Lun Wei Zhu, and Xue Juan Zhang. "High Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy of Silurian Strata in Tazhong Area." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.111.
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According to the fundamental principles of high resolution sequence stratigraphy, this paper focused on the application of high resolution sequence stratigraphy to Silurian strata in Tazhong area. Based on the comprehensive study of logging, drilling and seismic information, the high resolution sequence boundaries of Silurian strata and two scales of datum level cycles (long-term and intermediate-term) can be recognized in Tazhong area. Seven chronstratigraphic boundaries can be recognized in Silurian strata, including four sequence boundaries, which were the transformation from datum level falling to datum level rising, and three flooding surfaces, which the transformation from datum level rising to datum level falling. The Silurian strata in Tazhong area can be divided into three third-order sequences which correspond to three long-term datum level cycles, and 11 fourth-order sequences (parasequence sets) relating to 11 intermediate-term datum level cycles. The classification aforementioned can much better solved the corresponding problem between the six lithological sections of Silurian strata and sequence formations, finally establishes the high resolution sequence stratigraphic framework of Silurian strata in Tazhong area.
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Ahler, Steven R. "Stratigraphy and Radiocarbon Chronology of Modoc Rock Shelter, Illinois." American Antiquity 58, no. 3 (July 1993): 462–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/282107.
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Excavations at Modoc Rock Shelter, Illinois (11R5), between 1952 and 1956 documented the antiquity and cultural sequence of the Archaic period in the midcontinental United States. Some researchers questioned the site's stratigraphic integrity because of apparent inconsistencies between the radiocarbon assays and associated artifacts. Excavations in 1980, 1984, and 1987 documented stratigraphic sequences and produced assays of over 40 additional radiocarbon samples from controlled stratigraphic contexts. This report describes the stratigraphic sequences at Modoc Rock Shelter and presents critical evaluations of the radiocarbon assays. This information is used to summarize the depositional and occupational history of the site. Two related stratigraphic sequences are present, one in the Main Shelter and a separate, physically uncorrelated sequence in the West Shelter. Each sequence includes occupations dating to the Early, Middle, and Late Archaic periods, with age ranges between 9000 and 4000 B.P. Questions about the site's stratigraphic integrity, artifact sequences, and analytical procedures are resolved.
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Simmons, M. D., and C. L. Williams. "Sequence stratigraphy and eustatic sea-level change: the role of micropalaeontology." Journal of Micropalaeontology 11, no. 2 (December 1, 1992): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.11.2.112.
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Abstract. Following the May 1992 meeting in Dijon, which initiated an international project on the “Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins”, it seems an appropriate time to consider the contribution micropalaeontology can make to the science of sequence stratigraphy. In this short note, we assume that readers are familiar with sequence stratigraphic terminology; if not, see Van Wagoner et al. (1988).WHAT ARE THE CHALLENGES FACING SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY?Demonstrating global eustatic sea-level change. We accept that the basic sequence stratigraphy model put forward by Peter Vail and his colleagues (see Van Wagoner et al., 1988 for a summary) is a powerful tool for describing many sedimentary successions, and that the associated eustatic sea-level curve (Haq et al., 1987) has some validity. Our own observations on numerous sedimentary sequences around the world suggest that local and global eustatic events exist, and that relative sea-level curves can be constructed, but it should be remembered that the timing and magnitude of many global eustatic events are still to be established. As most workers in the field will be aware, much of the evidence to support the Haq et al. curve has not been published. The Sequence Stratigraphy of European Basins Project will go some way to rectify this, but it should be borne in mind that there can be an unfortunate tendency to use the Haq et al. curve for dating in its own right - i.e. fitting relative sea-level changes seen in a succession to the curve. If this is done, then the global . . .
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Nainggolan, T. B., U. Nurhasanah, and I. Setiadi. "Depositional sequence interpretation using seismic and well data of offshore Central Sumatra Basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 944, no. 1 (December 1, 2021): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/944/1/012002.
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Abstract Offshore Central Sumatra Basin is an integral part of Central Sumatra Basin known for producing hydrocarbon basins. The derivation of stratigraphic study of seismic and well data is intended to improve accuracy of geological interpretation. Sequence stratigraphy studies have a significant role in exploratory studies to determine which depositional sequence can be inferred as hydrocarbon reservoir and its correlation in petroleum system. This study aims to identify biogenic gas sequential interpretation using seismic and well data of offshore Central Sumatra Basin. The procedure to analyze sequence stratigraphy is to identify stratigraphy surface markers using GR log, then map these markers to the seismic section that has been tied with good data to determine the distribution of each stratigraphy sequence. This study area has five depositional sequences, which are predominantly formed in marine depositional environments. Potential source rock in this area is at DS-1 which has a lacustrine depositional environment with euxinic conditions. The euxinic shale at the upper TST-1 deposit could be a source rock with hydrocarbon migration through faults. Biogenic gas reservoir potential is in Petani Formation (DS-5). Shale in MFS-5 and HST-5 could be a hydrocarbon trap, whereas LST-5 and TST-5 sandstone deposits can be a reservoir.
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Li, Jing Zhe, Jing Liang Zhang, Yong Yuan, Peng Hui Zhang, Cun Lei Li, Zhong Qin Luo, Lei Qin, Fang Ding, Xue Li, and Yan Li. "Sequence Stratigraphy of Jurassic Succession in Central Junggar Basin, China." Advanced Materials Research 734-737 (August 2013): 440–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.734-737.440.
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Sequence stratigraphic features of the Jurassic succession in Central Junggar Basin were investigated by integrating multiple materials including cores, well and seismic data. Due to their unique formation mechanism, sequences of the target interval were analyzed with a binary systems tract mode (each complete sequence contains a transgressive systems tract and a highstand systems tract) rather than the traditional one. Basic principles and analytical methods of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy were also applied to this research. By adopting cyclic correlation and hierarchical control techniques, eight sequences (Sq1-Sq8) were identified in the target interval. Especially, coal seams are of great significance in the sequence identification and they were considered to be closely relevant to maximum flooding surfaces (mfs).
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Pedersen, Stig A. Schack. "Glaciodynamic sequence stratigraphy." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 368, no. 1 (2012): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp368.2.
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Ainsworth, R. Bruce, Jamie B. McArthur, Simon C. Lang, and Adam J. Vonk. "Quantitative sequence stratigraphy." AAPG Bulletin 102, no. 10 (October 2018): 1913–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1306/02201817271.
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Catuneanu, O., M. A. Martins-Neto, and P. G. Eriksson. "Precambrian sequence stratigraphy." Sedimentary Geology 176, no. 1-2 (April 2005): 67–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sedgeo.2004.12.009.
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Martins-Neto, M. A., and O. Catuneanu. "Rift sequence stratigraphy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 27, no. 1 (January 2010): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2009.08.001.
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de Graciansky, Pierre Charles. "Siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 12, no. 6 (1995): 691–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0264-8172(95)90033-0.
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Haddad, Sabah Noori Saleem, and Momtaz Ahmed Amin. "Mid-Turonian–early Campanian sequence stratigraphy of northeast Iraq." GeoArabia 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 135–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1202135.
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ABSTRACT A sequence stratigraphic and tectonic model for the mid-Turonian-early Campanian carbonate sequence in North Iraq was constructed based on subsurface lithologic, thin-section and well-log analyses of ten boreholes. The studied sequence is represented by the Gulneri, Kometan and Mushorah formations in the eastern sector (seven wells) and their correlative Khasib, Tanuma, Sa’adi and lower part of the Hartha formations in the western sector of the study area (three wells). Three second-order sequences (from oldest to youngest A, B and C) were identified. Sequence A consists of two third-order sequences (A1 and A2) and is represented by the mid-Turonian Gulneri Formation. Sequence B consists of three third-order sequences: B1 corresponds to the late Turonian-early Coniacian Khasib Formation and correlative lower part of Kometan Formation. Sequences B2 and B3 are exclusive to the late Coniacian-early Santonian Tanuma Formation and correlative middle part of the Kometan Formation. Sequence C is comprised of three third-order sequences of which C1 and C2 encompass the late Santonian Sa’adi Formation and correlative upper part of the Kometan Formation, while C3 corresponds to the early Campanian Mushorah Formation and correlative lower part of the Hartha Formation. Each of the third-order sequences is comprised of transgressive and highstand systems tracts, while the lowstand systems tract is restricted to sequences B2, B3, C1 and C2. These systems tracts are, in turn, comprised of vertically stacked parasequences of shallowing upward packages. The tectono-depositional model that was deduced from the sequence analysis is characterised by two flat-topped ramps that formed as a consequence of extensional tectonism. Three NW-trending normal faults are interpreted to separate the ramps whose inclined apex was continuously being eroded. The eroded detritus from the apex consists of shallow-marine carbonates that were deposited in basinal sites. Within this structural framework, the ten boreholes are placed within their appropriate depositional sites within the ramp system. Facies analysis demonstrated an array of facies associations, which generally accumulate in basins that are fed by an influx of eroded shallow-water derivatives. The depositional architecture developed in an open-marine, low-energy, middle- to outer-ramp setting in the case of Gulneri and Kometan formations. A middle–inner ramp setting is attributed to the Khasib, Tanuma and the lower part of the Hartha formations. A transition to a slope setting is suggested during the deposition of the Mushorah Formation; whereas slope-apron facies are common to all formations in the well Quwair-2. Diagenetic modification overprinted the carbonates and its effect on reservoir properties is considered. Recognition of third-order cycles demonstrates the utility of using genetic units and sequence stratigraphy to discern the depositional architecture of these formations. Local tectonic influences, which control sedimentation patterns, eustasy and sedimentation rates are additional determinants for the final stratigraphic framework.
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Zhou, Guangzhao, Zhiming Hu, Xianggang Duan, and Jin Chang. "Identification of sequence stratigraphy in the Dongying Formation of the Liaoxi low uplift, Bohai Bay Basin, China." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 57, no. 5 (May 2020): 647–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2018-0276.
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A change in sea level (or lake level) causes a change in accommodation space and sediment compensation, which then controls the formation and evolution of sequences. A multidisciplinary approach based on the integration of clay minerals, major and trace elements, paleosalinity, and three-dimensional seismic data were applied to interpret the stratigraphic sequence of the Dongying Formation in the Liaoxi low uplift. The sequence surface indicates that multistage tectonic action, paleoclimate, paleosalinity, and lake level change jointly controlled the sequence stratigraphy. The illite and illite–smectite mixed layers indicate an arid to semi-arid climate, whereas kaolinite implies humid conditions. Based on this principle, it is clear that the stratigraphic sequence is closely related to paleoclimate. Interpretation of the continental or marine character of the sediments via paleosalinity is increasingly based on the concentration of some trace elements. Hence, the sequence surface can be better evaluated through paleosalinity data. Based on the Sr/Ba and boron content, paleosalinity was evaluated and the sequence boundary was identified. Analysis of the concentration of major and trace elements was used to identify the lithology of the sedimentary region and further discern the stratigraphic sequence. These sequences are composed of lowstand, transgressive, and highstand system tracts. The work herein aimed to understand the reasons for the changes in sequences under the paleoclimate. In addition, major and trace elements, studied together with paleosalinity and clay mineral content, result in the determination of implications for sequence stratigraphy in many other basins. This paper can provide a novel method for comprehensively discerning a sequence surface.
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Kauffman, Erle G., and Bradley B. Sageman. "Biological patterns in sequence stratigraphy; Cretaceous of the Western Interior Basin, North America." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200007188.
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High-resolution stratigraphic analysis of Cretaceous strata in the Western Interior Basin (WIB) of North America has allowed definition of numerous disconformity-bounded, eustatically and/or tectonically driven sequences and their systems tracts at 2nd- through 4th-order scale, as well as 5th- to 7th-order climate-induced cycles. Integrated event chronostratigraphy and biostratigraphy allow detailed regional tracing and facies analysis of these sequences, leading to three-dimensional modeling of facies evolution. Whether driven by relative sealevel changes or smaller scale climate cycles, Cretaceous sequences and their bounding disconformities reflect dynamic changes in many factors which moderate biological systems (e.g. sealevel and paleobathymetric changes, changes in current velocity and in erosion/sedimentation rates and patterns, watermass temperature and chemistry, etc). Predictable biological responses (patterns) to varying environmental conditions and different systems tracts are expected in sequence stratigraphy. Once defined within well-studied systems, these patterns can then be used as an independent tool for sequence stratigraphic analysis. To date, our research has focused on the development of paleobiological criteria which aid in the recognition of sequence stratigraphic frameworks, especially in basinal facies where sequence boundaries and systems tracts may be subtly defined in the physical stratigraphy. Such criteria may include the identification of sequence boundaries and other omission surfaces by punctuated character displacement in evolutionary series, by condensation or omission of biostratigraphic zones, by mixed or time-averaged community elements and biozones, and by selective colonization by firm substrate-dependent benthic communities. Gradients within and between systems are characterized by different community composition, biofacies, taxonomic and community diversity patterns, adaptive bauplans among resident taxa, taphonomic signatures, and bioevents that allow predictive biological characterization in sequence stratigraphy. Once established and correlated, sequence stratigraphic systems among different basins provide a chronostratigaphic and environmental framework within which the regional dynamics of ancient populations and communities can be evaluated, leading to the analysis and modeling of relationships between sealevel changes and biogeographic migration patterns, and the rates and patterns of evolution and extinction.
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Amiewalan, F. O., and E. O. Bamigboye. "Sequence Stratigraphy of Well DX, Gongola Sub-Basin, Upper Benue Trough, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 23, no. 10 (November 21, 2019): 1855–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v23i10.14.
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: Biostratigraphic study of Well DX has yielded Cretaceous miospores and dinoflagellates cysts which heightened the recognition of sequence boundaries (SB), Maximum Flooding Surfaces (MFS) and associated Systems Tracts. Five maximum flooding surfaces between 95.6 Ma and 89.0 Ma, four sequence boundaries between 96.4 Ma and 93.0 Ma and threedepositional sequences were identified with varying average thicknesses of sediments interpreted from the gamma ray log and biostratigraphic data. The threedepositional sequences interpreted are -depositional sequence I (96.4 Ma - 95.4 Ma) (8240 ft. - 8120 ft.), depositional sequence II (95.4 Ma - 94.0 Ma) (8120 ft. - 7850 ft.) and depositionalsequence III (94.0 Ma - 93.0 Ma) (7850 ft. - 7550 ft.). All the depositional sequences fall within the third order cycle. The age of the well was attempted based on the presence of some selected marker fossils - Ephedripites spp., Classopollis spp., Spiniferites spp., Cyclonephelium distinctum, Cyclonephelium vannophorum, Subtilisphaera spp., Eucomiidites spp., Triorites africaensis, Odontochitina costata and Droseridites senonicus recovered from the studied intervals and was dated Albian - Santonian. The Sequence stratigraphic interpretations are useful in further deepening the knowledge of thesubsurface geology of the studiedwell in Gongola Sub Basin, Upper Benue Trough of Nigeria.Keywords: Sequence Boundary, Maximum Flooding Surface, System tracts, Depositional sequence
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Masuda, Fujio, and Shuichi Tokuhashi. "Sequence stratigraphy; seeking its possibility. Sequence stratigraphy: Its effect on "stratigraphy" and its future." Journal of the Japanese Association for Petroleum Technology 59, no. 1 (1994): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3720/japt.59.4.
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Daneshian, Jahanbakhsh, Zahra Saleh, Rudy Swennen, and Hossein Mosaddegh. "Porosity development in central Alborz Upper Jurassic deposits (N-Iran): sequence stratigraphy, diagenesis and mechanical stratigraphy." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 300, no. 2 (May 28, 2021): 117–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/2021/0975.
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Ouda, Khaled, Mohammed Massoud, and Mohammed Tammam. "Stratigraphy of the Miocene sequence of the northern Red Sea." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen 215, no. 1 (January 10, 2000): 125–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpa/215/2000/125.
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Hadlari, Thomas, and Robert H. Rainbird. "Tectonic accommodation and alluvial sequence stratigraphy of a Paleoproterozoic continental rift, Baker Lake Basin, Canada." Stratigraphy 3, no. 4 (2006): 263–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.03.4.02.
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A model, based upon pre-existing formulations, is presented here for alluvial sequence stratigraphy and applied to the non-marine, Paleoproterozoic Baker Lake Basin. Discharge and sediment supply are considered boundary conditions, subject to feedback effects. Primary control on alluvial facies changes is attributed to the gradient of the alluvial plain. This gradient is determined by the “graded profile", a topographic profile defined by a graded stream linking a sediment source region to a subaqueous basin. It is argued that coupled source uplift and basin subsidence provide feedback on sediment supply, grade, and flux that reinforce expected facies changes, in part providing justification of initial assumptions. The model provides a rationale for a generally upward-fining alluvial sequence that is coeval with a general upward-fining to –coarsening nearshore sequence, bridging the theoretical gap between subaerial and subaqueous sequences. It also provides an interpretation of basin-scale stratigraphy based on the tectonic evolution of sedimentary basins, in keeping with the models for how they form. Third-order depositional sequences of tectonic origin from the Baker Lake Basin are subdivided into high accommodation alluvial, low accommodation alluvial, and mixed fluvial-shallow-lacustrine sequences. The succession of 3rd order sequences illustrates basin evolution from rift initiation, rift climax accompanied by widespread volcanism, to immediate post-rift that comprises the 2nd order Baker Sequence, representing a stage of intracontinental rifting from ca. 1.84-1.79 Ga.
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Wescott, William A., William N. Krebs, John C. Dolson, Salah A. Karamat, and Dag Nummedal. "Rift Basin Sequence Stratigraphy: Some Examples from the Gulf Of Suez." GeoArabia 1, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 343–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia0102343.
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ABSTRACT Unconformity-bounded sequences within the Miocene strata of the Suez Rift reflect a complex interplay between tectonism and sea level fluctuations. Analyses of Miocene outcrops along the Sinai margin of the Gulf of Suez provide new insights into the sequence stratigraphy of this basin. The Miocene strata can be subdivided into seven major sequences separated by biostratigraphically defined time breaks. These lacunae represent depositional sequence boundaries, transgressive surfaces and condensed sections. These basinwide time breaks were related to major tectonic events from rift initiation through rift climax, and post-rift stages. These events include regional sag and fault initiation, fault linkage, footwall uplift, shallowing of detachment depths and increased fault block rotations, regional isostatic uplift, and thermal subsidence. Superimposed on this complex structural evolution were Miocene sea level fluctuations of a magnitude of several tens of meters to a hundred meters. The Sinai outcrops expose the four oldest Miocene biostratigraphic sequences which correspond to two depositional sequences. The lower sequence consists of the Nukhul Formation which was deposited during a transgression (with the higher frequency events recorded as local erosional surfaces, flooding surfaces, and ravinements) and the Mheiherrat Formation which was deposited during a relative high stand. The upper sequence includes the Asl Formation which was deposited during a low stand and the Ras Budran Member of the Ayun Musa Formation which was deposited during the ensuing high stand.
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Herdiansyah, Firman, M. Burhannudinnur, Suryo Prakoso, Isranto Hp, Dwi Kurnianto, Teddy Irano, and Billy Harnest. "Sequence Stratigraphy of Miocene Mixed Carbonate-Siliciclastic in Fold and Thrust Belt System, Banggai Basin." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1104, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1104/1/012045.
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Abstract This study was specifically analyzed in the southern part of the Banggai Basin, precisely in the TKA Field. In the Tertiary, regional stratigraphy reveals, the Banggai Sula microplate comprises carbonate shelf and siliciclastic sequence. Several previous studies had been concluding, the tertiary limestone was deposited during the Early Eocene to Middle Miocene. Carbonate formations which has been known by Tomori and Minahaki Formation. Meanwhile, their siliciclastic dominated is Matindok Formation and Celebes Mollase. These sequences formed a distinct stratigraphic style in the geophysical well log and seismic data. Four cycles are distinguished, the lower part of Tomori Formation at the outer shelf and directly overlying by the upper part of inner shelf Tomori Formation. it was superimposed by siliciclastic sediments that have been deposited in the outer litoral during regressive phase. Whereas during rising sea level or highstand, the litoral system migrated to basinward wherein Minahaki Formation was deposited. Sequence stratigraphy provides a reliable methodology for correlate both carbonate and siliciclastic successions. It was analyzed based on 4 wells, 2D, and 3D seismic data which has been available. Sequence stratigraphy analysis using T-R sequence concept by Embry and Johanessen. Trasngressive and regressive phases were obviously determined by lithofacies, coral colony and foram that were recorded on biostratigraphic analyses. In this study, cyclic sea-level change will be recognized as system tract record of mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sequence.
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Shaffer, Bernard L., Jory A. Pacht, and Bruce E. Bowen. "Aspects of Gulf Coast late Neogene sequence stratigraphy." Paleontological Society Special Publications 6 (1992): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2475262200008285.
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With its vast well and seismic data base, coupled with expanded sedimentary and biostratigraphic cycles that apparently were driven by glacial eustacy, the Gulf Coast offshore region provides a unique opportunity to develop and test sequence models. Virtually every major oil company and a number of academic institutions are currently engaged in some form of sequence analysis.Regional studies incorporating biostratigraphic analyses of more than 120 wells integrated with a seismic grid exceeding 24,000 line smiles, have shown the Gulf Coast to be an unstable prograding margin, and that characteristic seismic criteria developed for stable progradational margin models do not always apply. Biostratigraphic approaches consistent with the procedures and objectives of sequence analysis thus play a preeminent role in providing a chronostratigraphic framework, and in utilizing biotic patterns to aid in the delineation of systems tracts.For the pre- Wisconsin Plio-Pleistocene, 15 biostratigraphically and seismically resolvable and regionally mappable sequences are documented. Those for the past one million years approximate 100,000 year cycles. All of the sequences are calibrated by highest occurrence datums (HOD) which almost invariably occur within condensed sections developed either during maximum flooding events or on lowstand slope fans. This association with condensed sections begs the question whether or not these HOD are true extinctions, and whether or not sediment accumulation rates, or similar techniques, derived from them, can reliably be used to establish the position and absolute age of sequence bounding unconformities.Seismic and well data suggest that sequence bounding surfaces in this province are usually subtle, and that the hiatus they may represent is, except in extreme cases, beyond the resolution of the biostratigraphic framework. Sequence boundary placement can be routinely interpreted through integration of bioistratigraphic data, including condensed sections, wireline log patterns, and seismic character. In slope paleo-environments, condensed sections commonly are temporally equivalent to both the trasgressive and highstand systems tracts on the shelf, and their upper surface may coincide with the sequence boundary. In paleo-shelf settings, condensed sections frequently are restricted to the transgressive systems tract, and their contained HOD may be suppressed by succeeding highstand deposits. In such cases, sequence boundaries are best placed by wireline log and seismic criteria.Pitfalls and limitations to the proposed biostratigraphic approach to sequence stratigraphy are discussed and illustrated.
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Qayyum, Farrukh, Octavian Catuneanu, and Crépin Eric Bouanga. "Sequence stratigraphy of a mixed siliciclastic-carbonate setting, Scotian Shelf, Canada." Interpretation 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): SN21—SN37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0129.1.
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During the Jurassic Period, a large-scale carbonate bank (Abenaki Formation) and a siliciclastic (Sable) delta coexisted in North America. Conventionally, carbonate systems (in situ) are separated from siliciclastic systems (transported) because of their contrasting origin. However, we developed a case study to show that the basic principles of sequence stratigraphy remain applicable. We integrated the results obtained from a regional 2D study and a detailed follow-up study using 3D seismic data of the Scotian Shelf, Canada. The results were integrated with the prepared Wheeler diagrams, and a unified sequence stratigraphic framework was proposed. We determined that two second-order sequences were developed on a larger scale during the Jurassic Period. The first sequence developed during the transition from a ramp to rimmed margin. The second sequence developed during the evolution from a rimmed to ramp margin. These sequences formed a distinct stratigraphic style throughout the Scotian Shelf. The siliciclastic supply varied from the northeast to the southwest depending on the studied site; however, the regions close to the siliciclastic supply contained well-defined clinoform patterns. The topsets of such clinoforms were mostly eroded. Their directions were also found to be different than the carbonate-related clinoform geometries. Most of the carbonates were developed; as such, they kept up and prograded toward a backreef margin during the rimming stages. The second-order sequences were further subdivided into four third-order sequences. These were studied using the 3D seismic data and were found to contain several barrier reefs that could have stratigraphic exploration potential in the Penobscot area.
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Moghaddam, H. V., and H. Torabi. "Biofacies and sequence stratigraphy of the Oligocene succession, Central Basin, Iran." Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 2004, no. 6 (June 8, 2004): 321–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/2004/2004/321.
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Catuneanu, Octavian. "Scale in sequence stratigraphy." Marine and Petroleum Geology 106 (August 2019): 128–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.04.026.
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Catuneanu, Octavian. "Model-independent sequence stratigraphy." Earth-Science Reviews 188 (January 2019): 312–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2018.09.017.
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Abbasi, Samira, Saeid Pourmorad, Ashutosh Mohanty, Shakura Jahan, and Nilanchal Patel. "Sedimentological Studies of Marine Oil Fields in Order to Reduce Drilling Risk and Environmental Pollution: A Case Study of South of Iran." BOHR International Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science 1, no. 2 (2022): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijcees.006.
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Detailed studies of sedimentology and petrology of oil fields, especially oil fields located in the seas, play a very important role in reducing the risk of danger, increasing harvest, and reducing the amount of environmental pollution. The South Pars gas field in the waters of the Persian Gulf on the joint border line of Iran and Qatar and on the south coast of Iran has been used as a comprehensive model for this type of study. In these studies, the sedimentary environment and sequential stratigraphy of the Scorpion and Sarvak Formations in the South Pars gas field in wells 1 and 3 have been investigated. Microscopic studies and analysis of gamma-ray and acoustic diagrams of these formations have led to the identification of 9 facies in three facies belts related to wetland, dam, and open sea. Dam facies have been identified only in Sarvak formation. This study shows that the facies belts of the abovementioned formations in a ramp platform are also sloping. Sequence stratigraphy of Kazhdomi and Sarvak Formations in the study wells shows that Kazhdomi Formation has one sedimentary sequence (third category cycle) and Sarvak Formation has two sedimentary sequences. The lower boundaries of sequences 1 and 2 and the upper boundary of sequence 3 have type 1 (SB1) discontinuities, and the boundary between sequences 2 and 3 has type 2 (SB2) discontinuities.
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Wu, He Yuan, and Bin Hao. "Third-Order Sequence Division of Yunmengshan and Baicaoping Formation of Proterozoic in Yuxi District of China: an Example from Xiatang Profile in Lushan." Advanced Materials Research 998-999 (July 2014): 1492–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.998-999.1492.
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There are controversies on the Proterozoic stratigraphic genesis, division, correlation and palaeogeographical evolution of western Henan in China. Based on the basic description of sedimentary facies, Yunmengshan and Baicaoping formation of Proterozoic typical section in western Henan is divided into 4 third-order sequences. Sequence stratigraphy framework which reflects sedimentary and overlap is established with basis of two kinds of facies-change surface and two kinds of diachrononism in stratigraphical records. Although chronostratigraphic belonging of Precambrian strata is controversial and Precambrian sequential stratigraphic study is tremendously challenging, the establishment of sequence stratigraphy framework of proterozoic Yunmengshan and Baicaoping formation in western Henan provides actual data to reshape palaeogeographic pattern of Palaeoproterozoic North China craton. What is more, it becomes a typical example of characteristics and exploration of stratigraphic accumulation under the background of tidal action.
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Abbasi, Samira, Saeid Pourmorad, Ashutosh Mohanty, and Shakura Jahan. "Sedimentological studies of marine oil fields in order to reduce drilling risk and environmental pollution: a case study of South of Iran." BOHR International Journal of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science 1, no. 2 (2023): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijcees.2023.06.
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Detailed studies of sedimentology and petrology of oil fields, especially oil fields located in the seas, play avery important role in reducing the risk of danger, increasing harvest, and reducing the amount of environmentalpollution. The South Pars gas field in the waters of the Persian Gulf on the joint border line of Iran and Qatar andon the south coast of Iran has been used as a comprehensive model for this type of study. In these studies, thesedimentary environment and sequential stratigraphy of the Scorpion and Sarvak Formations in the South Parsgas field in wells 1 and 3 have been investigated. Microscopic studies and analysis of gamma-ray and acousticdiagrams of these formations have led to the identification of 9 facies in three facies belts related to wetland,dam, and open sea. Dam facies have been identified only in Sarvak formation. This study shows that the faciesbelts of the abovementioned formations in a ramp platform are also sloping. Sequence stratigraphy of Kazhdomiand Sarvak Formations in the study wells shows that Kazhdomi Formation has one sedimentary sequence (thirdcategory cycle) and Sarvak Formation has two sedimentary sequences. The lower boundaries of sequences 1 and2 and the upper boundary of sequence 3 have type 1 (SB1) discontinuities, and the boundary between sequences2 and 3 has type 2 (SB2) discontinuities.
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Smith, Greg C., and Robert G. Cowley. "THE TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHY AND PETROLEUM POTENTIAL OF THE NORTHERN ABROLHOS SUB BASIN, WESTERN AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 27, no. 1 (1987): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj86012.
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The Abrolhos Sub-basin lies offshore in Western Australia to the west of Geraldton and has geological affinities with the northern Perth Basin and the southern Carnarvon Basin. Both of these basins contain commercial petroleum accumulations, whereas the Abrolhos Sub-basin is a frontier area which is largely unexplored. A moderate seismic coverage of the sub-basin now exists but only two wells have been drilled, both of which were dry.Four main tectono-stratigraphic sequences are recognisable above Precambrian basement:Lower Palaeozoic Pre Rift SequenceCarboniferous-Permian Synrift/Rift Sequence S Triassic-Jurassic Rift Sequence4 Cretaceous to Recent Drift Sequence.The Lower Palaeozoic is only known on the eastern basin margins where it mainly consists of Silurian fluvial and alluvial fan red beds. The Carboniferous-Permian marine and coal measure volcanogenic synrift and rift sequences are characterised by north-south, mainly east-dipping extensional faulting, followed by widespread erosion. The Triassic sequence is about 2 km thick and comprises a basal marine Kockatea Shale, overlain by the marginal marine Woodada Formation and the Lesueur Formation red bed sequence. Subsidence during the Triassic was rapid but controlled by large NNW-SSE trending, high angle west-dipping, planar normal faults with minor rotation and extension. The Jurassic is poorly known, being confined to structurally deep blocks along the Mesozoic basin axis to the south and west. A renewed phase of NNW-SSE west-dipping extensional faulting began during the Jurassic and resulted in the development of rollover anticlines. Considerable erosion and non-deposition occurred forming a regional Neocomian unconformity. The postrift or drift sequence consists of transgressive marine shelf carbonates dipping basinward without further significant structuring.The main prospect types in the sub-basin include base Triassic transgressive sandstones or top Permian sandstones sealed by the Kockatea Shale in tilted fault blocks, and Triassic-Jurassic sandstones within rollover anticlines sealed by intraformational shales or the middle Jurassic Cadda Formation. The main source rocks include the Woodada and Kockatea formations which are within the oil generative zone over much of the sub-basin. However, identification of areas with the required coincidence of source, reservoir, seal and structural timing appears elusive.
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Parvin, Afroza, and ASM Woobaidullah. "Incorporation of Sequence Stratigraphy in Gas Reservoir Correlation: A Case Study." Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Science 45, no. 2 (December 28, 2019): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jasbs.v45i2.46594.
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The application of sequence stratigraphy to resolve the miscorrelation between different genetic units in reservoir characterization in a gas field of Surma Basin is dealt with. Interpretation of available seismic and wireline logs (gamma ray, resistivity, density and neutron porosity) give the sequence stratigraphic correlation of reservoir sands. The reservoirs geometry, its extent, seal architecture and trapping styles have been revealed better with this correlation. There is juxtaposition of two reservoir sands, namely A1 and A2. A1 is located at older highstand sand, whereas A2 is in the younger lowstand sand. Lithostratigraphically they might be same but sequences stratigraphy reveals that they are different and deposited at different times. Moreover, the concept reveals that lowstand sand has better reservoir quality than any highstand and transgressive sand.
Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 45(2): 209-216, December 2019
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Liu, Jin Shui, Ming Zhang, Jin Liang Zhang, Chun Yan Wang, and Peng Hui Zhang. "Tectonic Evolution and Sequence Filling of Paleocene in Lishui Sag, East China Sea Shelf Basin." Advanced Materials Research 807-809 (September 2013): 2244–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.807-809.2244.
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The Lishui sag located at Southwest of the East China Sea Shelf Basin. It had undergone the four stages of syn-rift processes in Late Cretaceous to Paleocene: initial rift stage, main rift stage, stable rift stage and decline stage. The tectonic evolution has control effect on the development of sequence stratigraphy and the sediments distribution. Three second-order sequences, five third-order sequences and twelve system tracts are distinguished. Different sedimentary facies recognized in the Lishui sag.
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Idrissi, Assia, Mohamed Saadi, Yassir Astati, Ali Bouayachi, and Kawtar Benyas. "Mapping of Genetic Sequences of the Cambrian Series in the Jbel Saghro Massif, Eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco: Implications for Eustatic and Tectonic Controls." Iraqi Geological Journal 55, no. 1D (April 30, 2022): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.55.1d.1ms-2022-04-17.
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In this paper, a sedimentological and sequence stratigraphy analysis was performed on Lower and Middle Cambrian deposits of Jbel Saghro, Eastern Anti-Atlas. The field data analysis and the application of sequence stratigraphy concepts were used to classify sedimentary processes and depositional environment, and to define the Lower to Middle Cambrian basin’s detailed geometry. The Cambrian sedimentation of northeastern Saghro indicates a deltaic environment, which is composed of two depositional sequences. These sequences are made of a transgressive system-tract with retrograding sediments and a highstand system tract with prograding sediments. In response to sea-level change, these system-tracts were formed by several genetic units, and limited by various stratigraphic surfaces. The genetic unit stacking-patterns combined with the study of synsedimentary tectonics enabled to follow the sedimentary record’s Spatio-temporal evolution and its three-dimensional geometry. The study area deposits display significant dissimilarities in thickness. The western part shows a Lower Cambrian hiatus and an important reduction of the thickness in the Middle Cambrian deposits. However, the marine trend (progradation/retrogradation) remains similar in the study area. This suggests the same eustatic origin of all genetic sequences and variations in their preservation rate. This configuration is the result of differential subsidence that affected the Anti-Atlas during the Cambrian.
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Simmons, Michael D., Peter R. Sharland, David M. Casey, Roger B. Davies, and Owen E. Sutcliffe. "Arabian Plate sequence stratigraphy: Potential implications for global chronostratigraphy." GeoArabia 12, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/geoarabia1204101.
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ABSTRACT The ability to recognise and correlate third-order depositional sequences across Arabia and between Arabia and other plates indicates that these sequences are driven by synchronous eustatic sea-level change. This is of value in providing guidance for the definitions of stages, which are the fundamental units of chronostratigraphy. Each Phanerozoic stage requires a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP), which is a location and specific bedding plane where the base of each stage is defined. This definition is tied to an event in the rock record useful for correlation. Progress in defining GSSPs has been delayed because of difficulties in choosing the most appropriate event and section to relate to a definition. It is recommended here that stage boundaries be related to correlative conformities of sequence boundaries. This closely links chronostratigraphy with sequence stratigraphy and honours the original concepts upon which many stages were first described in the 19th Century.
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Wu, Heyuan, Muneeb Khan, and Ping Song. "Sequence Stratigraphy towards its standardization—an important scientific scheme." E3S Web of Conferences 131 (2019): 01034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913101034.
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In the Post-Exxon Era of sequence stratigraphy, various sequence models for the complex stratigraphic records with their response mechanisms are developed. All the models with strong pertinence are endowed, which lead to misapprehension in the conceptual system. Therefore, the standardization of sequence stratigraphy with the aim to provide consistency in the terminology has become an important motive of modern sequence. During the development of sequence stratigraphy, the identification and distinction between normal and forced regression have laid important foundation for the system description of sequence development. This becomes the first step towards the standardization because of model-independent nature. The introduction of model-independent unconventional system tracts in fluvial sequence models, which are low- and high-accommodation system tracts, which turn out to be another successful attempt of towards the standardization of sequence stratigraphy. The four parts of stratigraphic records, which include the complexity and cyclicity in the stratigraphic accumulation process; the non-gradual change and the non-integrity of the stratigraphic records; the variability represented by the diversity of the sequence models and the nature of standardization including variability, will provide more clues and approaches for further sequence stratigraphy development
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Barker, G. W. W. "From Classification to Interpretation: Libyan Prehistory, 1969–1989." Libyan Studies 20 (January 1989): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263718900006579.
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In the 15 years following the Second World War, the available data on the prehistory of North Africa were summarised in a series of major syntheses (notably Alimen 1955; Balout 1955; Ford-Johnston 1959; and Vaufrey 1955). With stratified sequences few and far between, radiometric techniques of absolute dating still at the developmental stage, and little detailed information on palaeoenvironments, it was inevitable that the emphasis of all these studies was on the description and classification of the archaeological record, and its organisation into regional cultural sequences. As far as Libya was concerned, the prehistoric rock carvings of the Fezzan were already well known, particularly from the studies by Graziosi before the war (Graziosi 1934; 1937; 1942), but in terms of artifact assemblages Libyan prehistory was much less understood than the prehistoric sequences of the Maghreb to the west and accordingly much less represented in the syntheses of the 1950s. In general, the prehistory of North Africa was described as a succession of ‘cultural groups’ that were correlated more or less with the better-documented palaeolithic, mesolithic, and neolithic sequences of Europe.During the 1960s, two major studies of Libyan prehistory were published which have had a dominating influence on research in the following 20 years. The first was the publication by Charles McBurney (1967) of the deep stratigraphy of the Haua Fteah cave on the coast of Cyrenaica. McBurney began research on the Libyan Palaeolithic in the years immediately after the war, publishing a variety of surface collections (1947), trial excavations in the Hagfet ed Dabba cave (1950), and a joint study with C. W. Hey (1955) of the relationship between Pleistocene geological and archaeological sequences in Cyrenaica. His excavations in the Haua Fteah were conducted in 1951, 1952, and 1955, the deep sounding revealing a detailed sequence of layers spanning the middle and upper palaeolithic, epipalaeolithic (or mesolithic), and neolithic occupations of the cave (for initial reports: McBurney 1960; 1961; 1962). The full report was able not only to describe the remarkable sequence of assemblages, but also to correlate these with a palaeoenvironmental sequence established from faunal, molluscan, and sedimentary studies of the cave stratigraphy, the sequence also being tied to an absolute chronology based on 20 radiocarbon determinations. The Haua Fteah stratigraphy remains unique not only in Libya but in North Africa as a whole.
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Arifin, Lukman, and Tommy Naibaho. "STRUKTUR GEOLOGI DI PERAIRAN PULAU BUTON SELATAN." JURNAL GEOLOGI KELAUTAN 13, no. 3 (February 16, 2016): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.32693/jgk.13.3.2015.269.
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Penelitian geofisika dengan metode seismik pantul dangkal dilakukan di perairan Pulau Buton bagian selatan. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi geologi di bawah permukaan dasar laut. Dari data rekaman seismik diinterpretasikan bahwa stratigrafi seismik dibagi menjadi dua runtunan yaitu runtunan A dan B. Bila disebandingkan dengan geologi daratnya maka runtunan A termasuk dalam Formasi Wapulaka yang berumur Tersier dan runtunan B termasuk Formasi Sampolakosa yang berumur Kuater. Data rekaman tersebut juga menunjukkan adanya beberapa struktur geologi seperti sesar, lipatan, dan pengangkatan. Diduga struktur geologi tersebut berkembang dengan masih aktifnya proses tektonik hingga sekarang. Implikasi aktifnya tektonik ini dapat memperkaya dan meningkatkan potensi sumberdaya alam yang ada seperti migas dan aspal. Kata kunci seismik pantul dangkal, struktur geologi, tektonik, Perairan Pulau Buton. Geophysical research with shallow reflection seismic method carried out in the waters of the southern part of Buton Island. The aim of research is to determine the geological conditions under the sea floor. Data from seismic recordings interpreted that seismic stratigraphy is divided into two sequences, that are sequence A and B. Ifthe land geology to be compared then the sequence A is Wapulaka Formation which is Tertiary age and sequence B is Sampolakosa Formation which is Kuarter age. The recording data also indicated a number of geological structures such as faults, folds, and uplift. It was alleged that the geological structure is developing with tectonic processes are still active until now. The implications of the active tectonic can enrich and enhance the existing natural resources such as oil and gas, and bitumen. Keywords: shallow seismicreflection, geology structure, tectonic, Buton Island Waters.
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Gonzalez, Wilma B. Aleman, Jean M. Self-Trail, W. Burleigh Harris, Jessica Pierson Moore, and Kathleen M. Farrell. "Depositional sequence stratigraphy of Turonian to Santonian sediments, Cape Fear arch, North Carolina Coastal Plain, USA." Stratigraphy 16, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.29041/strat.17.4.293-314.
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ABSTRACT: A new sequence stratigraphic framework for Turonian to Santonian (94-84 Ma) sediments is established using data from the USGS Kure Beach and Elizabethtown cores collected from the Atlantic Coastal Plain of North Carolina (NC). These sediments represent some of the oldest marine units deposited on the southeastern Atlantic Coastal Plain and record the early development of a clastic wedge atop crystalline basement. Sediments were deposited as transitional marginal-marine to marine units in a complex interplay of fluvial, estuarine, and shelf environments. Repetitive lithologies and minimal biostratigraphic control requires an integrated analysis of grain-size data, geophysical logs, biostratigraphy, and 87Sr/86Sr isotopic data to identify systems tracts and establish a sequence stratigraphic framework. From this integrated approach, three Turonian to Santonian sequences in the Elizabethtown core and six in the Kure Beach core are identified. The new sequences from oldest to youngest are Clubhouse II, Fort Fisher I, Fort Fisher II, Collins Creek I, Collins Creek II, Pleasant Creek I, and Pleasant Creek II. Sequences from North Carolina document significant shifts of global and regional sea-level during greenhouse conditions in the early Late Cretaceous. Maximum sea-level rise occurred globally during the early Turonian and is documented from the marine sediments of the Clubhouse II sequence. This sequence is unconformably overlain by terrestrial sediments deposited during a major fall in sea level and maximum progradation of the shoreline, as evidenced by the Fort Fisher I sequence. Global sea-level rise in the Coniacian resulted in the deposition of the Fort Fisher II sequence, which is present only in the Kure Beach core. Local marine circulation and erosion on the shelf is suggested by the absence of the Collins Creek I sequence at Kure Beach; this sequence is present only in the up-dip Elizabethtown core. Activation of a possible buried fault structure along the Cape Fear arch resulted in the formation of a regional depocenter during the late Coniacian to early Santonian and is reflected in the unusual thickness of the Collins Creek II and Pleasant Creek I sequences. The return to a more global sea-level influence occurred in the late Santonian with the deposition of the Pleasant Creek II sequence. A comparison of temporal distribution of sequences in the Elizabethtown and Kure Beach cores to corresponding sequences in New Jersey indicates significant differences in erosional and tectonic processes in the Cape Fear region during the Turonian and Santonian.
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Rudolph, Kurt W., William J. Devlin, and Jeff P. Crabaugh. "Upper Cretaceous Sequence Stratigraphy of the Rock Springs Uplift, Wyoming." Mountain Geologist 52, no. 3 (July 1, 2015): 13–157. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.52.3.13.
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Three scales of sedimentary cyclicity are observed in the Campanian to Maastrichtian-aged strata of southwestern Wyoming based on sedimentary stacking patterns, facies successions, paleontological data and geometric criteria from outcrop, and subsurface data. The largest scale of sequence stratigraphic interpretation is of 10-15 million years duration per cycle and is designated as second order. Second-order cyclicity is represented by profound sequence boundaries and maximum-flooding surfaces that are related to regional tectono-subsidence drivers. The 2nd-order sequence boundaries at the base of the Ericson Formation (Moxa Unconformity) and the base of the Fort Union Formation (Laramide Unconformity) locally erode thousands of feet of section on discrete structural highs, but also show evidence of uplift on a broader scale. Both unconformities terminate long successions of marine shoreline progradation. Second-order maximum flooding surfaces are present within thick marine mudstone successions of the Baxter-Niobrara and Lewis formations. These intervals represent the deepest water deposits in the Upper Cretaceous and are associated with important regional seals and source rocks. The large-scale tectono-cyclicity is composed of an aggregate of smaller-scale, 3rd- and 4th-order sequences and their component systems tracts. In addition to the second-order sequences described above, third-order sequence boundaries are interpreted at the base of the Blair Formation, base of the Chimney Rock Member of the Rock Springs Formation, and at the base of the Canyon Creek Member of the Ericson Formation. Third-order maximum flooding surfaces are in the middle Blair Formation, middle Black Butte Member of the Rock Springs Formation, and in the upper part of the Rusty Member of the Ericson Formation. At least 7 additional 4th-order sequences can be interpreted within these successions. The higher-order cycles are shorter in duration and smaller in magnitude (i.e., thinner and with a smaller degree of change in environments or bathymetry within a cycle). The sequence stratigraphic interpretation approach is observationally based and consistent across these scales. However, finer-scale sequence stratigraphic interpretations, especially at the 4th-order scale, are subject to additional subjectivity. An important challenge is to separate apparent cyclicity related to factors such as local to regional shifting of depocenters (autocyclicity) from regionally correlative cyclicity (allocyclicity) within the high-frequency sequences. Examples of this are provided, most clearly for the lower portion of the Blair Formation. Such considerations are important economically, as this is the scale that controls sandstone reservoir and mudstone seal architecture within petroleum fields. Standard systems tracts criteria using parasequence stacking patterns are extended to non-marine strata by use of the degree of amalgamation (net/gross) of the fluvial sandstones. This approach is demonstrated to be plausible via physical ties to shoreline systems using regional correlations and paleontology, and via estimates of accommodation change from geohistory analysis.
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Moore Jr., Theodore C., David K. Rea, Larry A. Mayer, C. F. Michael Lewis, and David M. Dobson. "Seismic stratigraphy of Lake Huron – Georgian Bay and postglacial lake level history." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 31, no. 11 (November 1, 1994): 1606–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e94-142.
Full textAbstract:
Five seismic reflectors in the basinal sedimentary section have been identified as representing erosional surfaces in shoaler regions of the lake basins and can be traced throughout most of the study area. The reflectors representing these erosional surfaces, and their conformable equivalents in the deep lake basins, are caused by intervals of coarser grain size in the sediments and are thought to represent lowering of lake levels prior to, and following, the Main Algonquin highstand (about 10.2 – 11.0 ka). These reflectors are used to define seismic sequences in the postglacial sedimentary fill of the basins. Two additional erosional surfaces, which closely follow the initial fall of the Main Algonquin lake level, are most clearly seen in thicker sections found in the northern part of the basins. The two oldest (pre-Main Algonquin) sequences appear to onlap highs and fill in lows within the basins, whereas the younger sequences (associated with the Main Algonquin through Mattawa times) tend to drape the topography and show little difference in thickness between the lows and their adjacent highs. The most recent sedimentary sequence represents deposition occurring since about 7.5 ka. It laps out against topographic highs and leaves older sequences exposed at the lake floor in many areas. The most pronounced erosional surfaces are associated with the Light Green and the Light Blue sequence boundaries. The Light Green sequence has a pair of coarser layers at its top, which are dated at 9.6 – 9.8 ka and 9.05 – 9.2 ka. The coarser interval at the top of the Light Blue sequence is dated at 7.45 – 7.80 ka. These layers are thought to mark maximum lake level lowstands and to represent the times of Ottawa–Marquette to latest Mattawa lake level fluctuation.
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Gearon, James H., Cornel Olariu, and Ronald J. Steel. "The supply-generated sequence: A unified sequence-stratigraphic model for closed lacustrine sedimentary basins with evidence from the Green River Formation, Uinta Basin, Utah, U.S.A." Journal of Sedimentary Research 92, no. 9 (September 20, 2022): 813–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2021.096.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Closed lakes and oceans are stratigraphically distinct systems. However, closed-lake stratigraphy is often interpreted using conventional sequence stratigraphic concepts which were generated for marine settings. As a consequence, lacustrine stratigraphy has long been vexing and applied on an ad-hoc basis. To remedy this, we present a novel, unified sequence stratigraphic model for hydrologically closed (endorheic) basins: the Supply-Generated Sequence (SGS) Model. This model was generated to interpret our outcrop-based correlation—the largest to date at ∼ 30 km—across the Sunnyside Interval member of the middle Green River Formation in Nine Mile Canyon near Price, Utah, USA. The SGS model is based on the fundamental sedimentological and hydrodynamic differences between closed lakes and marine settings wherein the relationship between water discharge and sediment discharge is highly correlated. The SGS model divides packages of genetic lacustrine strata by bounding correlative surfaces, conformable or unconformable, separating facies and surfaces associated with low clastic supply (e.g., carbonates, mudstones, or exposure surfaces) from facies characteristic of relatively higher amounts of clastic supply (subaerial channelized sandstones, subaqueous siltstones, and pedogenic mudstones). We use the SGS model to correlate regional sequences at a higher resolution than previous interpretations and find the greatest amount of clastic deposition occurs during periods of lake-level rise, indicating that the SGSs are characteristically transgressive. Additionally, this model removes the implicit and explicit base-level assumptions of previous sequence stratigraphic models while being agnostic to the source of increased sediment discharge and therefore generalizable to other closed lacustrine settings. We use the high-resolution supply-generated sequences (meters thick) to argue for a climatic origin of the cyclic Sunnyside interval deposits based on sequence durations (40–50 kyr), and aligning sequences with recognized early Eocene transitory hyperthermal event timing and their associated climatic shifts across the region, increasing riverine discharge of sediment and water.
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Amiewalan, F. O., and F. A. Lucas. "Sequence Stratigraphic Interpretation of FX-1 and FX-2 wells, Onshore Western Niger Delta, Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 24, no. 2 (April 20, 2020): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v24i2.17.
Full textAbstract:
The area of study is a portion of the Greater Ughelli Depobelt in Niger Delta Basin. The main aim of the paper is to interpret the sequence stratigraphy of FX-1 and FX-2 wells by employing data sets from biostratigraphic data and well logs. Standard laboratory techniques were used for data treatment while computer software such as Petrel and StrataBugs were used for data simulation, processing, integration and interpretation. Sedimentology, interpreted gamma ray and resistivity well logs integrated with biostratigraphic data were utilized to define the candidate maximum flooding surfaces and sequence boundaries. The wells have the following distributions of sequences: FX-1 well have five depositional sequences with eight candidate maximum flooding surfaces at depths 10011 ft., 9509 ft., 9437 ft., 6362 ft., 5752 ft., 5507 ft., 5161 ft. and 4816 ft. dated 34.0 Ma, 33.0 Ma, 31.3 Ma, 28.1 Ma, 26.2 Ma, 24.3 Ma, 23.2 Ma and 22.0 Ma and seven candidate sequence boundaries at 9616 ft., 6656 ft., 6116 ft., 5639 ft., 5424 ft., 4859 ft. and 4581 ft. dated 33.3 Ma, 29.3 Ma, 27.3 Ma, 24.9 Ma, 23.7 Ma, 22.2 Ma and 21.8 Ma, respectively. FX-2 well have four depositional sequences, five candidate MFSs were identified at 7764 ft., 7196 ft., 6721 ft., 5862 ft. and 5571 ft. dated 34.0 Ma, 33.0 Ma, 31.3 Ma, 28.1 Ma and 24.3 Ma and five candidate SBs at 6941 ft., 6029 ft., 5688 ft., 5653 ft. and 5542 ft. dated 32.4 Ma, 29.3 Ma, 27.3 Ma, 24.9 Ma and 23.7 Ma respectively. The correlation of the two wells and sequence stratigraphic interpretation is a supplementary understanding of the subsurface geology of the Onshore, western Niger Delta area of Nigeria.
Keywords: Bio-stratigraphic data, Well logs, Sequence stratigraphy, Well correlation.