Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Séquence de contrôle'
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Deffains, Marc. "Rôle du striatum sensorimoteur dans le contrôle des séquences motrices automatisées chez le primate." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10087.
Full textIt is well known that the striatum, especially its sensorimotor part, is involved in the expression of motor skills which require the production of a sequence of movements. In this study, we addressed the respective contribution of efferent neurons and cholinergic interneurons of the striatum in the processes underlying the expression of motor sequences, by recording single unit activity of these two neuronal populations in monkeys performing sequential arm reaching movements. By this experimental approach, we examined activity modulations of these neurons during a change in the conditions of performance of the motor sequence. Thus, by changing the habitual order or the temporal structure of the sequence, we underlined that within sensorimotor striatum, efferent neurons and cholinergic interneurons are involved in the processing of spatial and temporal information which characterize an automatic motor sequence. In addition, we reported differential activations of these two neuronal populations depending on whether the serial order of the sequence of movements is visually cued or based on internally stored information. Taken together, these results provide essential information in order to better understand the neuronal mechanisms involved, within the sensorimotor part of striatum, in the control of the automatic motor sequences
Diouf, Barthélémy. "Les protéines kinases C : contrôle de la translocation de PKC epsilon et identification d'une séquence d'adressage au contact cellule-cellule." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON13504.
Full textMignotte, Françoise. "Nature, dynamique et contrôle du stock d'ADN mitochondrial de cellules différenciées." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112237.
Full textPardo, Jérémie. "Méthodes d'inférence de cibles thérapeutiques et de séquences de traitement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASG011.
Full textNetwork controllability is a major challenge in network medicine. It consists in finding a way to rewire molecular networks to reprogram the cell fate. The reprogramming action is typically represented as the action of a control. In this thesis, we extended the single control action method by investigating the sequential control of Boolean networks. We present a theoretical framework for the formal study of control sequences.We consider freeze controls, under which the variables can only be frozen to 0, 1 or unfrozen. We define a model of controlled dynamics where the modification of the control only occurs at a stable state in the synchronous update mode. We refer to the inference problem of finding a control sequence modifying the dynamics to evolve towards a desired state or property as CoFaSe. Under this problem, a set of variables are uncontrollable. We prove that this problem is PSPACE-hard. We know from the complexity of CoFaSe that finding a minimal sequence of control by exhaustively exploring all possible control sequences is not practically tractable. By studying the dynamical properties of the CoFaSe problem, we found that the dynamical properties that imply the necessity of a sequence of control emerge from the update functions of uncontrollable variables. We found that the length of a minimal control sequence cannot be larger than twice the number of profiles of uncontrollable variables. From this result, we built two algorithms inferring minimal control sequences under synchronous dynamics. Finally, the study of the interdependencies between sequential control and the topology of the interaction graph of the Boolean network allowed us to investigate the causal relationships that exist between structure and control. Furthermore, accounting for the topological properties of the network gives additional tools for tightening the upper bounds on sequence length. This work sheds light on the key importance of non-negative cycles in the interaction graph for the emergence of minimal sequences of control of size greater than or equal to two
Nicolas-Francès, Valérie. "Rôle de la séquence 5' non traduite dans le contrôle de l'efficacité de traduction des ARNm de globines α et β humains." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10064.
Full textSilva, Pires Viviane. "Synthèse, étude structurale et évaluation biologique de peptides et de peptidomimétiques à visée anti-thrombotique." Amiens, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AMIED002.
Full textThis doctoral thesis aimed at synthesizing peptides and analogous peptides with an anti-thrombosis activity profile. The peptides allowed us to study the importance of peptide sequences as well as their structure as recognized by the TIIICBP receptor. The KBGEBGPK and KPGEPGPK reference octapeptides show an anti-thrombosis activity in vitro and in vivo. The incorporation of these reference sequences into the simple trimers increases the anti-thrombosis activity of the octapeptide sequences. However, when the reference octapeptide is incorporated into a peptide that mimics the collagen triple helix, the anti-thrombosis activity is suppressed in favor of a pro-thrombosis activity. The incorporation of a thiouracile-type probe into the side chain of the lysines in the positions 1 and/or 3 of the reference octapeptide sequence does not lead to a major change in the anti-thrombosis activity. This will make it possible to use these analogous peptides as a molecular tool to characterize TIIICBP
Chalhoub, Boulos. "Le sérotype PAV du virus de la jaunisse nanisante de l'orge (BYDV-PAV) : interaction d'isolats du BYDV-PAV avec l'orge cultivée (Hordeum vulgare L) : contrôle génétique de la résistance partielle des génotypes d'orge : polymorphisme de la région 3'-Terminale du génome viral." Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT014A.
Full textRaynal, Alain. "Étude de la régulation de l'expression du gène bêta-glucosidase de Kluyveromyces fragilis chez Saccharomyces cerevisae : mise en évidence d'une zone impliquée dans un contrôle négatif, détermination d'une séquence cible de la répression catabolique." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112183.
Full textThe ß-glucosidase can hydrolyse cellobiose, dissacharide whicb consist of two molecules of glucose joined by a, ß-1,4- glycosidic linkage. The, ß-glucosidase gene of Kluyveromyces fragilis bas been cloned and expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Subcloning experiments lead to a deletion which overexpressed the ß-glucosidase gene of Kluyveromyces fragilis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The enzyme production can account for about 15% of the total proteins of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Further analysis allowed to map this deletion at position -287 in the 5' non coding region. This enzyme overproduction was found to be due to an increase of the level of transcription initiated at the same transcription starts as in the wild type gene. The relationship between promotor length of Kluyveromyces fragilis gene and the expression level in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was studied using various deletions of the upstream sequences. It was shown that a negative element is removed by the deletion at position -287. Further analysis indicated that the sequences involved in negative control could lie between positions -287 and -400. This short region share structural homologies with the silencer previously described at the silent mating type locus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both ARS like and Ebox like sequences can be observed between these two positions. Biological signification of these homologies is under investigation and is discussed. Numerous genes involved in sugars utilization are controlled by catabolite repression. We describe sequences between position -900 and -400, acting as a target for catabolite inactivation both in Kfragilis and S. Cerevisiae
Siscan, Olga. "Single-chain technology using sequence-controlled precursors." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF012/document.
Full textIn this thesis, new macromolecular systems for single-chain technology were designed and synthesized. In the first study, tracks containing precisely positioned functional groups for single-chain rotaxane-based molecular machines were successfully prepared. In the second study, folded macromolecular origami were investigated, and specifically single-chain complex topologies such as pseudocyclic (Q-shaped) and knotted (α-shaped) using positionable disulfide bridges and intramolecular metal-ligand self-associations. The placement of functional moieties and intramolecular bridges in polymer chains was possible due to the monomer sequence control, by relying on the kinetics of copolymerization of donor styrenic monomer with acceptor N-substituted maleimide monomers. Indeed, time-controlled monomer additions of N-substituted maleimides into growing polystyrene chains by means of controlled/living radical polymerization techniques proved to be a convenient, rapid and scalable strategy for sequence regulation
Delgado, Gabriel. "Optimisation des structures composites: Une analyse de sensibilité géométrique et topologique." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2014. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-01005520.
Full textAmoura, Nasreddine. "Identification et caractérisation des défauts en milieux axisymétriques par la méthode des équations intégrales duales." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1886.
Full textMany components used in industrial applications can be simulated as axisymmetric media. In situ, and throughout their lifespan, they undergo non destructive tests to detect any flaws or cracks. Ultrasonic, Eddy current, flux leakage or x-ray tests are quite expensive and resources intensive, yet they don’t yield an exact location of the defects. In these methods a specific field is applied to the component in question and a set of sensors, meticulously placed, measure the response. In other techniques, it is possible to measure static response, steady state or transient response and eigenfrequencies. If this information is used in a numerical technique, a more accurate identity for the defect could be produced. Problems dealing with this information are known as inverse identification techniques. Prolific research activity has seen the light dealing with the numerical simulation of inverse problems of cracks identification especially in mechanical structures by the means of boundary elements. In this context, the present work aims at the development of a robust method for the identification and the characterization of cracks in axisymmetric structures. The dual boundary element method is used to solve the direct problem followed by a coupled quasi-random sequence and the simplex algorithm. This allows the minimization of the cost function, which is expressed as the difference between strains at the boundary sensor points, in the guessed crack shape, and the ones measured in the actual crack identity. A closed loop process that uses the initial measures that are randomly disturbed and the residual norm is regularized to provide an efficient and numerically stable algorithm that leads to a stabilized solution. The quality of the results and the interesting performances in terms of computing time make the coupled SQA-simplex algorithm, a well adapted approach to axisymmetric crack identification problems
Trinh, Thanh Tam. "Synthèse itérative supportée de macromolécules à séquences contrôlées." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF006/document.
Full textIn this thesis, iterative syntheses of sequence-controlled oligonylons and oligo(triazole-amide)s by protecting group-free approaches have been described. Oligonylons have been prepared by an «AA+BB» approach i.e. by stepwise couplings of a large excess of diacids (AA) and diamines (BB) monomers. This strategy was interesting but could not prevent the formation of bridged molecules. Therefore, an «AB+CD» strategy has been adopted for the synthesis of oligo(triazole-amide)s. In this case, the growth of oligomers was controlled by consecutive chemoselective couplings of AB (A = acid, B = alkyne) and CD (C = amine, D = azide) monomers. This approach was found to be efficient for the preparation of encoded monodisperse oligo(triazole-amide)s whose sequence is based on a binary code (0, 1). However, this iterative approach is slow and is not adapted to longer sequences. Consequently, a strategy based on trimers couplings has been developed in order to simplify the process. This new approach has enabled the synthesis of long code sequences containing a molecular byte
Gaillard, Vinciane. "Relations entre conscience et contrôle dans l'apprentissage de séquences: une approche intégrée." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210661.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences Psychologiques et de l'éducation
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Baradel, Nathalie. "Synthèse de macromolécules à microstructures contrôlées : régulation des séquences de monomètres dans les copolymérisations radicalaires en chaîne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF028/document.
Full textIn this work, chain-growth controlled radical polymerization techniques were used to develop new strategies to regulate polymer sequences. For that, two different approaches were studied. The first approach was developed by our team over past years and consists in adding reactive functional monomers at precise locations during a chain-growth polymerization. This method relies on the differences in reactivity between the functional monomer (acceptor N-substituted maleimides, in small quantity) and the comonomer (donor styrene, excess) which will form the backbone of the polymer chain. Deficient monomer was inserted rapidly in the chain backbone. By this way, multifonctionalized macromolecules were creating such as dendronized polymers or glycopolymers.The second approach consists in controlling monomer sequence by successive monoinsertions of comonomers. Successive and ordered monomer additions occur in starved conditions by use of non-homopolymerizable monomers. Two different concepts were studied. In the first, the monoinsertion is regulated only by the non-polymerizable nature of the monomer and CRP deactivation while, in the second, the monoinsertion is also regulated by the use of an additional comonomer that do not homopolymerize
Billon, Magali. "Contrôle temporel dans la production de séquences de mouvements périodiques : étude comportementale chez l'homme." Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11016.
Full textFranchini, Don-Marc. "Rôle des séquences signal de recombinaison dans le contrôle des réarrangements au locus TCRβ." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2007AIX22012.pdf.
Full textV(D)J recombination, the process by which antigen receptor is assembled, is targeted by the recombination signal sequences (RSS) that flank each V, D and J coding segment. This process is largely regulated by chromatin structure. However some mechanisms that operate beyond accessibility exist to fine-tune V(D)J recombination regulation. The first example is the B12/23 restriction that impedes, despite 12/23 compatibility, the direct rearrangement between Vβ and Jβ gene segments; therefore the B12/23 insures the Dβ segment incorporation. The aim of my thesis was to understand the impact of RSS on VDJ recombination efficiency and specificity. I focused my study on TCRβ RSS and to get free from chromatin, I developed an in vitro cleavage assay system. I defined the mechanistic basis of the B12/23 restriction, but also I uncovered a major role for the 23-RSS Dβ1. Indeed, this RSS dictates a rearrangement order at the TCRβ locus. Finally my results point out that a factor expressed in immature DN T-cells, stimulate RAG cleavage activity. This factor is not yet characterized; it might be involved in the cellular specificity of the rearrangement and allelic exclusion at the TCRβ locus. To conclude, my thesis contributes to the understanding of these various mechanisms that regulates, beyond accessibility, the V(D)J recombination
Ligny, Romain. "Nouveaux (co)polyesters à séquences contrôlées par catalyse de polymérisation stéréosélective." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1S110/document.
Full textPoly(hydroxyalkanoate)s (PHAs) are biodegradable and biocompatible polyesters of interest for their application in the biomedical field or as alternative to plastics derived from the petroleum industry. The synthesis of PHAs by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic monomers, β-lactones, enables a good control of the molar mass, the microstructure and the functionality of the polymers. The properties of the polyesters can be tuned by the using different monomers. In recent decades, various PHAs have been synthesized, in particular poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(alkyl malolactonate)s (PMLARs). This work has been extended to the ROP a new family of β-lactones, namely 4-alkoxymethlylene-β-propiolatones (BPLORs). Thus, various yttrium-based catalyst systems provide (co)polymers with original tacticity (syndiotactic, atactic or isotactic) and topology (block, alternating or random copolymers). The stereoselectivity of the catalytic systems implemented is unprecedented in the current scientific context. Indeed, the nature of the substituants on the ancillary ligand of the yttrium complexes enables to tune the microstructure and therefore the properties of the resulting PHAs
Béal, Ludovic. "Contrôle des interfaces dans les films nanocomposites." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS031.
Full textThis work aims at studying the influence of block copolymers on properties of nanocomposite films composed of a poly(butyl methacrylate) matrix reinforced by silica nanoparticles, realized by mixing aqueous dispersions. First, a series of amphiphilic block copolymers composed of butyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid has been synthesized by anionic polymerization and thermal treatment. Aqueous micellar solutions of block copolymers have been characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, by scattering techniques (Iight, neutron), by steric exclusion chromatography and by surface tension measurements. The behavior of block copolymers at latex/water interface was studied by adsorption of block copolymers at latex surface, by emulsion polymerization and by test of colloidal stability. Finally, the relationships between morphology and viscoelastic properties are studied on nanocomposite films as a function of silica content, fraction and composition of block copolymers
Willeaume, Véronique. "Rôle des séquences UA-riches dans le contrôle de la traduction dans les cellules somatiques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212199.
Full textGhannem, Adnane. "Test des applications WEB : modélisation et génération de séquences de test basées sur le contrôle." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1973/1/000135081.pdf.
Full textThyebault, Hervé. "Contribution à l'étude de l'agglomération contrôlée de latex : synthèse et caractérisation de résines ABS." Mulhouse, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MULH0055.
Full textLaure, Chloé. "Synthèse orthogonale de polymères à séquences contrôlées, optimisés pour la lecture de données digitales." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAF080.
Full textInformation-containing sequenced-controlled polymers were synthesized by an « AB+CD » supported iterative strategy, involving two orthogonal reactions. This approach allowed the protecting-group-free synthesis of monodisperse sequence-controlled poly(alkoxyamine amide)s and poly(alkoxyamine triazole)s. The poly(alkoxyamine amide)s were synthesized on different supports - solid, soluble, and fluorinated – and also by a convergent strategy. Besides, the synthesis of the poly(alkoxyamine triazole)s allowed studying the SpAAC, involving a cyclooctyne and an azide for a copper-free formation of a triazole. The structure of the obtained polymers also allowed an MS/MS sequencing of the binary code implemented along the chains through functional groups coding for 0 or 1, thanks to the presence of weak linkages. Furthermore, the poly(alkoxyamine amide)s were optimized for data encoding, by synthesizing molecular barcodes to increase storage capacity, and by an induced polydispersity to decode the polymers without fragmentation
Godoy, Lopez Ricardo. "Synthèse de polyéthylènes fonctionnels : application à l'élaboration de copolymères à blocs par des techniques de polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10036.
Full textMeszynska, Anna. "Iterative synthesis of sequence-defined polymers using solid and soluble supports." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF007/document.
Full textIn this work, iterative methods have been studied to prepare sequence-defined oligomers on solid and soluble supports. Three model monomer coupling strategies have been exploited, (i) AB + AB, (ii) AB + CD and (iii) AA + BB, for the synthesis of oligopeptides, oligo(alkoxyamine amide)s and oligoamides, respectively. In the first strategy (AB + AB), oligopeptides have been synthesized using classical peptide synthesis protocols, in which Fmoc-protected amino acids were used. The other two strategies (AB + CD and AA + BB) are protecting-group free methods. In this case, the control over the oligomer primary structure has been achieved using chemoselective reactions (AB + CD) or a large excess of bifunctional monomers (AA + BB). The oligo(alkoxyamine amide)s have been prepared using successive coupling of bromo-anhydride and amino-nitroxide building blocks. The oligoamides have been obtained by sequential coupling of diacid and diamine building blocks. The practical approach to these primary structures using solid- and liquid-phase methodologies followed by the characterization of formed oligomers is the scope of this thesis
Gaillard, Nicolas. "Nouveaux tensioactifs par polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée : synthèse, application et interactions avec les épaississants associatifs." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10031.
Full textPeter, Philippe. "Contribution à l'étude de l'agglomération contrôlée de latex à l'aide de copolymères à blocs : application à la préparation de plastisols." Mulhouse, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MULH0462.
Full textPimentel, Demian. "Implantation d'un contrôle de puissance pour onduleur à modulation de densité d'impulsions et optimisation des séquences de modulation à l'aide d'algorithmes génétiques." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2006. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1523/1/000134644.pdf.
Full textPottier, Christophe. "Copolymères triblocs stimuli-sensibles à amphiphilie contrôlée : synthèse et auto-assemblage en solution aqueuse." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES013.
Full textIn this study, we developed and characterized multi-sensitive triblock copolymers composed of outer blocks with controlled length and amphiphilicity based on pullulan or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). These copolymers are composed of a fixed middle block based on a LCST thermosensitive poly(propylene oxide) (PPO), the Jeffamine® D2000. Pullulan size was reduced by acid hydrolysis (pH 2) at 80 °C. Pullulan was then coupled to the D2000 by reductive amination to form pullulan-b-D2000-b-pullulan triblock copolymers. The low reactivity of this reaction and the loss of copolymer during purification did not allow to study its behavior in aqueous solution. PAA-terminated polymers were obtained by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of a precursor of PAA, tert-butyl acrylate (tBA), and subsequent hydrolysis. Jeffamine® was previously converted in an amide-type di-brominated macroinitiator. After proving the controlled character of the ATRP, P(tBA)-b-D2000-b-P(tBA) triblock copolymers with low dispersity (<1,3) and various size were synthesized. P(tBA) outer blocks were then completely or partially hydrolyzed in PAA or P(AAstat-tBA). P(AA)x-b-D2000-b-P(AA)x copolymers both exhibit LCST and UCST behavior, leading respectively to the formation of macroscopically visible aggregates and soluble aggregates. These UCST and LCST behavior can be controlled by the degree of ionization and the size of PAA blocks. Furthermore, the soluble aggregates are characterized by a very low aggregation number (between 1 and 3), which is mainly due to the triblock structure of the copolymer. Increasing the hydrophobicity of the P(AA-stat-tBA) blocks highlights the formation of highly aggregated soluble structures having a size which increases with higher tBA/AA ratio. However, the addition of hydrophobicity resulted in the loss of LCST behavior
Louvat, Benoît. "Analyse de séquences d'images à cadence vidéo pour l'asservissement d'une caméra embarquée sur un drone." Grenoble INPG, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00380091.
Full textThis thesis deals with visual servoing for a pan and tilt camera embedded in a drone. The aim is to control the camera in order to track any fixed object on the ground without knowledge about shape or texture and to keep it centered in the image. In a first part, an algorithm that combines global and local motion estimation is proposed. In a second part, the control of the system is based on a double closed loop : the outer one includes the video analysis while the inner one controls the pan and tilt speed. In order to improve the time response of the system we propose a new upsampling scheme. Upsampling means that controls are sent to the pan and tilt actuator during the convergence of the image analysis algorithm and not at the end as usual. We also propose a LQR controller for removing offset and non-linearities. Simulations and experimentations in real conditions show the effectiveness of the proposed scheme
Michel, Philippe E. "Elaboration de couches bioactives associées à un capteur optique : compartimentation de séquences tri-enzymatiques et libération interne contrôlée de co-réactifs." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10183.
Full textRafélis, Saint Sauveur Marc de. "Apport de l'étude de la spéciation du manganèse dans les carbonates pélagiques à la compréhension du contrôle des séquences eustatiques du 3ème ordre." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066396.
Full textPellegrin, Marie-Laure. "Détermination des vitesses de nitrification-dénitrification dans un bioréacteur à membranes immergées fonctionnant en aération séquencée : contrôle et optimisation du séquençage de l'aération." Montpellier 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON20088.
Full textDesage, Fabien. "Le « consensus » communautaire contre l'intégration intercommunale Séquences et dynamiques d'institutionnalisation de la communauté urbaine de Lille (1964-2003)." Phd thesis, Université du Droit et de la Santé - Lille II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00566287.
Full textDesage, Fabien. "Le consensus communautaire contre l'intégration intercommunale : séquences et dynamiques d'institutionalisation de la Communauté Urbaine de Lille (1964-2003)." Lille 2, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00566287.
Full textMost of the metropolitan institutions in France are run by collegial executives, gathering municipal representatives from the whole political spectrum. To justify this type of broad coalition, local politicians put forward an alleged " technicity " of urban policy issues – which are claimed to be " apolitical " - and the strengthening of the metropolitan policies it would enable. This work scrutinizes the institutionalization process of the Communauté urbaine of Lille, from its origins in the 1960 ies to the formalization of a cross-party agreement. The chosen methodology, a historical and micro-sociological perspective, sheds light on the " domestication " of successive governmental reforms by the mayors. The political " consensus " far from resulting in the autonomy of metropolitan policies, this appears to be the main cause of their ongoing dependency on member municipalities and of their democratic deficit
Favier, Arnaud. "Synthèse d'architectures (co)polymères contrôlées par le procédé RAFT en vue d'applications dans le diagnostic biologique et le transfert de gènes." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10227.
Full textTimbart, Laurianne. "Élaboration de copolymères à base de biopolyesters pour la libération contrôlée de principes actifs." Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003942950204611&vid=upec.
Full textPoly(3-hydroxyalkanoate)s (P(3-HA)s), are aliphatic biopolyesters with saturated and unsaturated side chains of different lengths. They are produced by a wide range of microorganisms. These biopolymers are biodegradable and biocompatible and can be used for biomedical applications. The aim of the study was to investigate and improve the properties of novel materials based on P(3-HA)s. Copolymers based on P(3-HA)s and semi-crystalline polymers (poly(ε-caprolactone) or poly(lactic acid)) with different structures e. G. Block, graft or statistic copolymers, were synthesized. The presence of unsaturated units on side chains affords us the ability to prepare functionalised copolymers. Block copolymers were used to prepare mucoadhesive nanoparticles by nanoprecipitation and encapsulating doxorubicin. Doxorubicin is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat bladder disease. The amount of P(3-HA) in the copolymers was used to control the release of doxorubicin
Lou, Dan Qing. "Etude des séquences d'ADN et des facteurs de transcription impliqués dans le contrôle transcriptionnel par le glucose et l'AMPc du gène de la pyruvate kinase hépatique." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA11T003.
Full textZhao-Emonet, Jing Chao. "Etude de vecteurs rétroviraux contenant les séquences régulatrices du gène CD4 et permettant de contrôler une expression spécifique de transgènes dans les lymphocytes T." Paris, EPHE, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPHE3001.
Full textDiaz, Thierry. "Macro-amphiphiles cationiques à architecture contrôlée : synthèse par PRCN et étude de leur organisation en milieu aqueux." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10010.
Full textThe ability of b-hydrogenated nitroxides to polymerize polar monomers according to a controlled process led our team to use the N-t-butyl-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethyl)propyl nitroxide (DEPN) to prepare new amphiphilic cationic diblock copolymers with a well-defined and variable structure. In this work, we have shown that the polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA) are controlled in the presence of DEPN, and that well-defined diblock copolymers of these two monomers can easily be achieved by polymerizing DMAA with a macromolecular alcoxyamine poly(4VP)-DEPN. The quaternization of these diblocks with different alkyl bromides led to a series of comb-like copolymers, and the behaviour of these products in aqueous medium was investigated by viscosimetry and fluorescence spectroscopy. Long alkyl chains were proved to form hydrophobic microdomains by intramolecular agregations
Delorme, Lyne. "Anticorps contre des peptides synthétiques sélectionnés à partir de la séquence d'ADN du gène de la protéinase de l'adénovirus type 2. Étude immunologique et biochimique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11725.
Full textRessencourt, Hervé. "Diagnostic hors-ligne à base de modèles : approche multi-modèle pour la génération automatique de séquences de tests : application au domaine de l'automobile." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2151/.
Full textThis thesis deals with the problem of off-board diagnosis in the automotive domain. The work has consisted in proposing and implementing an operational model based approach that determines the best sequences of tests to be performed by the garage mechanic to localise a faulty component on a vehicle. A multi-model approach is proposed for the description of mechatronic systems, which allows us to handle the functional complexity of embedded systems and to match functional symptoms with a set of faults on hardware / software components. The test sequencing problem is approached along a next best test strategy based on a local heuristic. This strategy enables an interactive diagnostic session, allowing more flexibility and leaving with the human operator the initiative to accept or reject the proposed test. A software prototype has been developed and tested on the rear wiper system of real vehicles. This thesis, supported by a CIFRE grant, is the result of collaboration between the company ACTIA and the research center LAAS-CNRS in the framework of the common laboratory Autodiag (LAAS, IRIT, ACTIA) which aims at developing new methods for diagnosis in the automotive domain
Jacquet, Christophe. "Biosécurité de la lutte par transgénose contre la sharka : obtention de plantes herbacées et ligneuses contenant des séquences modifiées du gène codant pour la capside du plum pox virus : étude des mécanismes de résistance et contrôle des risques biologiques." Bordeaux 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR28472.
Full textTranquet, Olivier. "Anticorps chimériques dirigés contre des séquences des domaines répétés des gliadines pour mimer la réactivité des IgE de patients allergiques au blé." Thesis, Nantes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NANT4070.
Full textThe symptoms of IgE-dependent allergies result from the activation of basophils and mast cells. This activation is induced by the aggregation by allergens of IgE-type antibodies on the surface of these cells. The allergens involved in the more severe forms of wheat allergy, exercise-induced anaphylaxis and allergy to deamidated gluten, are very special in that they contain identical epitopes repeated several times. In this thesis, we obtained and characterized chimeric mouse/human monoclonal IgE antibodies directed against the repeated domains of gliadins, allergens involved in these severe wheat allergy phenotypes. Using these chimeric monoclonal IgE, we explored the role of these repeats on the onset of allergy symptoms and their implications on the IgE repertoire of patients. These chimeric IgE antibodies have been shown to mimic the reactivity of patients' IgE. They also revealed that the very particular spatial organization of the epitopes allows activation of basophils with IgE of a single specificity in these two types of wheat allergies. It thus appears that the IgE repertoire of patients with wheat allergy can be extremely restricted and still cause severe reactions
Soultan, Al Halifa. "Synthèse de peptides modifiés pour la lutte contre l’alopécie et la canitie, et développement de nouvelles méthodologies pour la polymérisation de séquences peptidiques." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON13521.
Full textBecause of their numerous biological activities and their structural and physico-chemical properties, peptides are of considerable interest for the design of active molecules but also for the development of biomaterials. To fight against alopecia (hair loss) and canities (whitning hair), we focused our attention on the research of bioactive peptides. In this context, we have identified leads peptides either from the literature or from a screening conducted by the European Institute of Biology (IEB). These Leads were modified to improve their activity and bioavailability knowing that they will be applied topically. In this work, we have also developed two new methodologies for the polymerization of peptide sequences. Indeed, peptide-based polymers are of major interest for applications in biotechnology (i.e. artificial tissue,implants), or as systems of transport and delivery of drug. The first methodology relies on the polymerization of the hybrid peptides displaying dimethyl hydroxysilane functions. The other one involves the ring opening polymerization of N-carboxyanhydrides bearing a peptide sequence. Both strategies were used to obtain linear or comb peptide-polymers
El, Baf Fida. "Apport des concepts flous dans la détection d'objets en mouvement par suppression de fond : application sur des séquences vidéo acquises dans des conditions non contrôlées." La Rochelle, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LAROS269.
Full textThe objective of this thesis consists in elaborating of a background subtraction method for moving object detection adapted to scene acquired by a fixed camera and presenting the problematic of dynamic backgrounds in and beyond visual spectrum. Firstly, we have proposed a fuzzy model based on the Mixture of Gaussians models (MOG), called "T2-FMOG". The originality of our work is the introducing of the fuzzy character to the original model of mixture of Gaussians to perform its flexibility and its capability to adapt to different environments (Indoor and Outdoor). This technique utilizes the fuzzy sets theory and handles the uncertainty related to the parameter of the MOG, which is not taken into account by the original model. The proposed method is robust to dynamic backgrounds, illumination changes and shadows, especially when some of the following phenomenons occur in the scene like camera jitter, waving trees, rippling water. Secondly, we have developed a foreground detection method based on Choquet integral. This method allows to combine different image’s characteristics in a fuzzy way and optimizes the information hold by each one. The experiments show an improvement of the quality of the detection. Finally, we have proposed an updated background model rule based on the feedback of the foreground detection step. This mechanism considers the degree of the contribution of each pixel in the classification process of the pixels as background or foreground. This rule is adaptive and introduces dynamically the recent changes of the scene. The proposed algorithms have been tested for three applications presenting different critical situations. The evaluations show that our fuzzy approaches outperform the well known approaches
Junke, Christophe. "Critères de test et génération de séquences de tests pour des systèmes réactifs synchrones modélisés par des équations flots de données et contrôlés par des automates étendus." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00680308.
Full textChagneux, Nelly. "Synthèse de copolymères diblocs par combinaison de la polymérisation par ouverture de cycle et de la polymérisation radicalaire contrôlée par les nitroxydes : application au renfort de polymères amorphes." Aix-Marseille 1, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX11009.pdf.
Full textFernex, Corinne. "Activité de l'"enhancer" intronique du locus IgH dans le contrôle des réarrangements V(D)J : étude de séquences impliquées dans cette activité, et de leur mécanisme d'action, à l'aide d'un modèle transgénique." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22007.
Full textSrichan, Sansanee. "Synthesis of sequence-controlled polymers by copolymerization of para-substituted styrenic derivatives and N-substituted maleimides." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAF005/document.
Full textIn this work, controlled radical copolymerizations of donor (styrenic derivatives) and acceptor monomers (N-substituted maleimides, MIs) have been investigated in order to synthesize sequence-controlled polymers. These macromolecules were prepared by nitroxide mediated polymerization using the nitroxide SG1 as a control agent. Polymers with defined microstructures were obtained by time-controlled addition of small amounts of acceptor monomers during the polymerization of a large excess of donor monomer. In this thesis, new styrenic derivatives have been studied in order to design sequence-controlled polymers with functional backbones. For example, sequence-controlled polyelectrolytes based on poly(4-hydroxystyrene)s and poly(vinyl benzyl amine)s were obtained through the polymerization of protected styrenic derivatives (i.e. 4-tert-butoxystyrene, 4-acetoxystyrene and N-(p-vinyl benzyl)phthalimide) with non-stoichiometric quantities of N-substituted maleimides. Furthermore, the preparation of PEGylated biocompatible water-soluble polymers was also investigated. Sequence-controlled polymers bearing protected alkyne functional groups on each styrene units were first synthesized followed by the removal of their protecting groups allowing the grafting of α-methoxy-ω-azido-PEG on free alkyne moieties via CuAAC mediated click reaction. Finally, sequence-controlled semi-crystalline polymers were synthesized using octadecylstyrene as a donor monomer. The thermal properties of these polymers were studied to evaluate the influence of polymer microstructure on crystallization behavior
Bourgeade, Adrien. "PWM control optimization of a two-level inverter : Application to electric and hybrid vehicles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0045.
Full textDespite improvements in DC/AC converter topologies, the two-level inverter remains the "gold standard" in the industry for many reasons: simplicity, reliability, etc. In this thesis between Ecole Centrale and Renault, new inverter controls have been developed to improve the performance without modifying the converter topology. For this purpose, two approaches based on synchronous off-line controls have been proposed. Firstly, an angular symmetry relaxation between phases usually imposed on the converter. Secondly triangular carrier based strategies, meaning injecting a triple frequency homopolar sequence into the modulating signal. The consequence of this approach has given rise to a generalization of the classical third harmonic injection. A calculation extension has shown the existence of an easily implementable methodology, which takes the form of a sawtooth injection. Both approaches revisit the pulse width modulation (PWM) control strategies of the literature with simple considerations based on relaxation and extension of existing properties. The advantage of all these strategies is that they improve significantly the harmonic distortion rate of the voltages or currents supplied by the inverter for low synchronous switching frequencies. These observations have been done in simulation and validated on a low power experimental bench