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1

Ramon, A. "I BENI DEGLI DEI. CONSIDERAZIONI SUL REGIME GIURIDICO DELLE 'RES SACRAE' E 'RELIGIOSAE'." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/472146.

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La presente ricerca di dottorato, dal titolo «I beni degli dei. Considerazioni sul regime giuridico delle res sacrae e religiosae», ha lo scopo di indagare il regime giuridico delle res divini iuris. In particolare, l’ambito di ricerca mira a lumeggiare la condizione di appartenenza, rispettivamente, dei beni degli dei superi e degli dei Mani, nonché la gestione a cui i medesimi erano sottoposti, con un approccio diacronico volto a ricomprendere la riforma del regime classico dovuta alla transizione, avutasi nell’età tardoantica, dalla religione tradizionale romana al cristianesimo. Con riferimento alle res sacrae, si è proceduto a una ricognizione delle fonti giuridiche e letterarie concernenti il rapporto di pertinenza di codesti beni dedicati alle divinità celesti, oltre che degli orientamenti dottrinali nel tempo sedimentatisi sull’argomento. In seguito, si è tracciato l’ambito di estensione del sacrum, chiarendo gli effetti del rituale della consecratio per lo ius civile. Una volta delimitati i confini della species in esame, si è posta l’attenzione sui passi dei gromatici, in particolare Frontino, concernenti il vincolo di appropriazione dei fondi sacri, prospettando una conclusione volta a disconoscerne la presunta titolarità in capo alla civitas, sostenuta con decisione da Theodor Mommsen, avanzando bensì l’ipotesi che fosse riconosciuto un legame potestativo tra gli dei e le cose a loro dedicate, con l’assegnazione della gestione delle stesse agli organi cittadini. Ipotesi che troverebbe conforto nel regime giuridico desumibile dai passi del Digesto in ordine all’assoluta esclusione delle res sacrae dai rapporti patrimoniali e commerciali tra cives; oltreché nella distinzione, testimoniata soprattutto dalle fonti epigrafiche, tra i beni destinati agli dei (instrumentum) e quelli riservati alle funzioni di culto (ornamentum): una bipartizione che sottintendeva una diversità nel regime di circolazione delle res, dipendente dal loro diverso grado di afferenza al sacro. Esclusa pertanto sia una proprietà pubblica sui beni divini iuris, sia la loro inclusione tra le res nullius, si è cercato di rintracciare i limiti dei poteri gestori esercitati dai rappresentanti della civitas, di ampiezza variabile a seconda che le res sacrae rientrassero nell’una o nell’altra sottospecie. Il tutto dopo aver individuato nuovi argomenti a sostegno della proprietà degli dei: un regime di appropriazione connaturato ai principi della religione tradizionale romana, eclissatosi con il sopraggiungere del cristianesimo. Infatti, a seguito del mutare della religione ufficiale dell’impero, si è assistito al riconoscimento della personalità giuridica alla Chiesa, la quale ha assunto non soltanto la titolarità dei beni di sua pertinenza, ma anche la relativa amministrazione: potere, quest’ultimo, accentuatosi con l’affievolirsi del carattere extracommerciale dei medesimi beni ecclesiastici. Quanto alle res religiosae, le copiose fonti giuridiche sul tema hanno consentito un’analisi più approfondita del regime giuridico goduto dai beni destinati agli dei dell’oltretomba: sicché sono stati trattati, da un lato, i requisiti sottesi allo iustum sepulchrum; dall’altro lato, i rimedi elaborati dai giureconsulti per i casi di illecita sepoltura. Inoltre, si è cercato di individuare i limiti soggettivi e spaziali del religiosum, analizzando anche il significato rivestito dai rituali funebri nella società romana. Del resto, la condizione di separazione delle res religiosae dagli usi umani si riverberava anche sulla considerazione delle stesse per lo ius civile, la quale assumeva una conformazione comune alle res sacrae, che si manifestava nella esclusione da ogni situazione dominicale e possessoria, nonché nella sottrazione al commercium. Condizione di distacco che informava non solo il diritto sul sepolcro, ma anche il diritto al sepolcro: il cosiddetto ius sepulchri, che secondo l’idea sostenuta in primis da Carlo Fadda – avversata nel corso della ricerca – sarebbe rientrato, senza alcuna limitazione, nello ius humanum. Il riferimento alla ratio della dicotomia tra sepulchra familiaria e sepulchra hereditaria, poi, ha permesso sia di circoscrivere la sfera dei legittimati attivi all’esperimento dell’azione a tutela del sito funerario (l’actio sepulchri violati); sia di avanzare un’ipotesi sul fondamento giuridico delle multe sepolcrali. La conclusione raggiunta ha permesso di delineare lo statuto del religiosum come simmetrico a quello del sacrum, scorgendo quindi l’affidamento del dominio sulle relative res agli dei Mani e l’esercizio dei poteri gestori da parte della civitas: un assetto che pare confermato dalle numerose autorizzazioni pubbliche richieste ai privati in materia funeraria e dal divieto alla sfilata delle maschere funebri raffiguranti i colpevoli di gravi crimini. Un regime, quello tratteggiato, che si dissolve nel periodo tardoantico, quando scompare il culto delle divinità ctonie e, di conseguenza, il sepolcro perde ogni aggancio con il trascendente, divenendo una res idonea all’esercizio dei poteri di appropriazione e di disposizione da parte dei cives.
The present doctoral research, titled «I beni degli dei. Considerazioni sul regime giuridico delle res sacrae e religiosae», has the aim of focusing on the legal framework of res sacrae and res religiosae, studying in particular the right of property and the administration of entities dedicated to dii superi and dii Manes. It also considers the late antiquity reform, due to the transition from the Roman traditional religion to the Christianity. With reference to res sacrae, it collects legal and literary texts and their interpretations about the condition of corporeal entities dedicated to Gods. Then, it defines the legal concept of sacrum, explaining the effects of the consecratio ritual in the ius civile system; examining the texts written by land surveyors, in particular Frontinus, concerning the property of sacred fields. The conclusion rejects Theodor Mommsen’s thesis about public property, affirming the theory based on Gods’ property and public administration on sacred things. This theory is confirmed by Digest’s abstracts about the banning of the res sacrae from trade. Another argumentation is based on epigraphical texts, that show the distinction between the entities dedicated to the Gods (called instrumentum) and the entities used for rituals (called ornamentum). The instrumentum is composed of not saleable entities, while the ornamentum is composed by saleable ones. Moreover, it focuses on the administration duties of res sacrae employed by magistrates. All the above mentioned thesis confirms the argumentation of Gods’ capacity to own an estate, like temples, sacred woods and gifts to the deity. This legal framework disappears during the Christianity, when the Roman Empire recognizes the Church as a legal person, which practices property as well as administration on sacred entities. With reference to res religiosae, it becomes easier, with the increase of legal texts, to analyse deeper their legal framework, so as to clarify the conditions of the iustum sepulchrum and the solutions created by Roman jurists in case of illegal burial. The dissertation, moreover, defines the concept of religiosum, the borders of the grave, the subjects that can be buried and the role taken by the burial rituals in that of the Roman society. Under the ius civile perspective, the res religiosae are similar to the res sacrae, as entities that can’t be used or sold. This condition of separation from the societas hominum doesn’t allow the legal right to use the grave nor the factual ability to use the same and, as a consequence, makes the ius sepulchri not saleable. Once the difference between sepulchra familiaria and sepulchra hereditaria has been studied, it becomes easier to identify the subjects who are able to begin legal action in defence of the grave (called actio sepulchri violati) and to express a theory about private burial penalties. In conclusion, it demonstrates that the legal system treats the res religiosae and the res sacrae in a similar way, recognizing their right of property to the Gods and their administration to the magistrates. The above mentioned legal situation disappears during the Christianity, when the cult of the Gods of the afterlife vanishes. In this way, the grave loses its metaphysical meaning, becoming a res that can be owned and administrated by the cives Romani.
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2

Herbert, Christopher. "English Easter sepulchres : the history of an idea." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/35696.

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3

Johnston, Holly A. "Deadly insults : neighbourhood and community in St. Sepulchre, 1580-1625 /." Title page, contents and conclusion only, 1993. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AR/09arj725.pdf.

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4

Corbett, Tim. "'The place of my father's sepulchres' : the Jewish cemeteries in Vienna." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2015. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/75576/.

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This thesis presents the first integrated history of Vienna’s four Jewish cemeteries as sites reflecting the construction, negotiation and at times contestation of Jewish communal belonging within Viennese society, embedded in the Viennese cityscape. Through a novel analysis of the sepulchral epigraphy of the thousands of matzevot or grave-memorials contained therein, the development and expression of codes of belonging constructed in the nexus between shifting notions of ‘Jewish’ and ‘Viennese’ culture are illuminated in a longue durée from the medieval into the modern periods. The Shoah, while it does not represent the first instance of the violent erasures of Jewish life and culture in the city, through its magnitude and presence in living memory constitutes a profound rupture in the historic enmeshment of the Jewish community in Viennese society. During the Shoah, the cemeteries became a focal point for the attempted excision or revision of Jewish cultural heritage and its place in Viennese culture, perpetrated by a complex network of agency, with the cemeteries moreover becoming recalibrated as sites of intense Jewish-communal introspection and activity. The cemeteries constituted after the Shoah some of the only sites of Jewish heritage to survive in the physical and memorial landscape, becoming moreover deeply contested sites of memory, within the context of the fledgling re-establishment of Jewish life in the city and the conflicted political and historical discourses in the Second Austrian Republic. This thesis presents the cemeteries as sites of the most profound engagements with Vienna’s long and convoluted Jewish history, comprising moments of great cultural prowess as well as murderous destructivity, embodying the deeply interactive yet conflicted relationship between the City of Vienna and its successive Jewish communities.
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5

Dowmunt, Tony. "A whited sepulchre : autobiography and video diaries in 'post-documentary' culture." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2010. http://research.gold.ac.uk/11053/.

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This is a PhD project partly about my class and ethnic background and consciousness: how I have lived them as a white man and a documentary filmmaker, and how they are connected to the ghost of my great-grandfather, who was a soldier in the British Army in Sierra Leone in the 1880s. But it is also a project about autobiographical documentary filmmaking, and is submitted for examination in two main components: the first a video-diary based film (A Whited Sepulchre) in which I investigated the form/genre of the video diary by making one myself - filmmaking as a research method; the second, a text which has an independent relationship to the film - not one of ‘illustration, description or explication’ but hopefully of ‘expansive enrichment’ (Trinh T. Minh-Ha quoted in McLaughlin & Pearce (eds) 2007: 107). A Whited Sepulchre is a video which draws on the stories of two journeys: my great-grandfather’s account of his posting to Sierra Leone, and my own ‘video diary’ of a trip that I made in December/January 2004-5, following in his footsteps but seeking a different understanding of Africa and of myself as a white ‘Englishman’. The (written) textual component maps the intellectual and creative terrain that the project as a whole explores. It includes a survey of first-person and autobiographical film and video making in the context of contemporary media, but also makes a case for writing autobiographically, ranging across my family history before focusing on my own formation both as a white man from a particular class, and as a filmmaker and video-diarist. The text concludes with an argument - at odds with some postmodern orthodoxies - advocating the cultural and political importance of a ‘sincere’ and direct mode of autobiographical address.
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RAMSEY, David S. "The Legible Landscape: Sources for the Sepulchral Setting of "Roger Malvin's Burial"." 名古屋大学大学院国際言語文化研究科, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/19732.

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Crease, Jane Rosemary. ""Incomparable sepulchres" : the alabaster chest tomb in Yorkshire c 1350 - c 1550." Thesis, University of York, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702137.

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8

bolte, Caralyn Marie. ""Her cradle, and his sepulchre": The Shelleys' Anxiety of Creation and Identity." NCSU, 2004. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-05292004-121254/.

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Both Percy Shelley and Mary Wollestonecraft Shelley asserted their belief in the nature of literature to transcend conscious thoughts and to operate as a dream state, manifesting unconscious fears and desires. By analyzing two primary works by the Shelleys as dreams, and applying Freud?s theories of dream interpretation and the unconscious, this thesis reveals how these works demonstrate a shared unconscious anxiety about the transformative nature of creation and its power to establish or destroy identity. In Alastor, Percy Shelley manifests his anxiety about his relationship with artistic creation through his treatment of gender, most especially in his description of and interaction with the veiled maid. Alastor demonstrates Shelley?s conflicting desire both to unite with the powerful creative force and to reject it in order to maintain his own socially constructed role as male Romantic Poet. In Frankenstein, Mary Shelley both responds to and expands upon the thematic focus established by Percy Shelley in Alastor. Focusing on the power of physical creation to redefine a woman?s identity, Mary Shelley manifests her anxiety about the possibility of integrating the dueling aspects of her own identity, mother and author, into one cohesive identity. Percy examines how his desire for pure poetic expression affects his role within a masculine construct, while Mary interrogates her own beliefs about integrating the role of mother and author into one cohesive identity in a world that privileges and requires motherhood. Their creation of marginalized, exiled characters in the figures of the wandering poet, who chooses to shun society, and the monster, who is shunned by a society he deeply desires to be a part of, indicates their own fear of the consequences of societal rejection.
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De, Amil Da Costa Jacob Ramalho J. R. "Romantic-Gothic sepulchres : intersections of death, memory, and mourning in film (1907-1958)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1468578/.

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In this study, I explore the representation of death, memory, mourning, and oneirism in specific transnational cinematic works from 1907 to 1958. Looking beyond psychoanalytic theories, I revise current theorisations of the Gothic through a formal-aesthetic methodological lens and propose new, cross-cultural avenues that have been heretofore neglected. I suggest that Romanticism and the Gothic have become catch-all terms whose usage may seem convenient to speak and write about film, but that nonetheless overlook the unique way the Gothic and Romantic doctrines meet and meld on the screen. I work towards an assessment of this singular relationship in cinema—which I describe as the Romantic-Gothic mode—by providing analyses of both US and European works. In so doing, I propose an interpretive strategy that highlights and investigates the implications of moving the afterlife out of the graveyard and into the space of the cinema. I endeavour to map the geographic, temporal, and psychological dislocations of the characters, which, I argue, are structured upon the contact between the sensing human body and the circumambient life. I examine the mediation of pastness by certain places and objects that insistently actualise gone-by events and thus question the notion of the past as an unequivocal cause for the present and future. I suggest that the encounter of the dwellers with what I call memory-objects in their lonely walks through the foreignness of private and outdoor spaces re/creates identity. A nodal point in the project concerns the idea that the Romantic-Gothic mode is a map of sensory memories where mourning, forgetfulness, and the annihilation of the self in time, space, and mind germinate. Finally, in broad outline, my work offers a starting point for a critical reappraisal of Romantic and Gothic art in film.
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Sandrock, Johanna Kay. "Mythological funerary reliefs from the Roman provinces of Noricum and Pannonia /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099629.

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Currier, Janice Arlee. "Golubets, gravehouse, and gate : old Russian traditions and the wooden mortuary architecture in Russia, Siberia, and the North Pacific." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ40538.pdf.

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Lockwood, Sean E. "Aytas Mevkii/Islamlar in the Elmali Basin, Turkey: A Multi-Period Sepulchral Site in Northern Lycia." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1307045776.

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Wong, Ka-man Carmen. "Painted gods arts and crafts for the production of ancestral tablets and folk gods plaques in Hong Kong /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42183042.

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Baptista, Joaquim António Ramos. "O túmulo Medieval, uma memória na morte-algumas situações da iconografia funerária portuguesa, séc. XII - XVI." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- -Universidade Lusíada, 1997. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30036.

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Dias, Paulo Jorge Monteiro Henriques da Silva. "Real Panteão dos Braganças-arte e memória." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UL-Universidade de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Letras, 2002. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30122.

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Mantas, Helena Alexandra Jorge Soares. "O panteão nacional - memória e afirmação de um ideário em decadência-a intervenção da Direcção Geral dos edifícios e monumentos nacionais na igreja de Santa Engrácia (1956-1966)." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UL-Universidade de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Letras, 2002. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30161.

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Vieira, Carlos Jorge Canto. "Capitéis de ara do Municipium Olisiponense." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UNL-Universidade Nova de Lisboa -- FCSH-Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas -- -Departamento de História da Arte, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30318.

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Portela, Maria Helena Teixeira Ribeiro. "Necrópoles romanas do concelho de Amarante." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30365.

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Ramalho, Maria M. B. Magalhães. "O Convento de S. Francisco de Santarém." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UP-Universidade do Porto -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/30372.

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L'Vov-Basirov, Oric Pyotr Vladimir. "The evolution of the Zoroastrian funerary cult in western Iran." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243456.

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Belli, Melia. "Royal umbrellas of stone memory, political propaganda, and public identity in Rajput funerary architecture /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1905690701&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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22

Sironen, Erkki. "The late Roman and early Byzantine inscriptions of Athens and Attica : an edition with appendices on scripts, sepulchral formulae and occupations /." Helsinki : Hakapaino Oy, 1997. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/25751.

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Zlotogorska, Maria. "Darstellungen von Hunden auf griechischen Grabreliefs von der Archaik bis in die römische Kaiserzeit." Hamburg : Verlag Dr. Kovač, 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38445445.html.

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Dondi, Cristina. "The liturgy of the canons regular of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem : a study and a catalogue of the manuscript sources /." Turnhout : Brepols, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39177898p.

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Texte remanié de: Ph. D.--London--King's college, 2000. Titre de soutenance : The liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem, XII-XVI centuries, with special reference to the practice of the Orders of the Temple and St John of Jerusalem.
Bibliogr. p. 303-326. Index.
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25

Young, Alexis Mary. "The iconography of vending scenes on Gallo-Roman funerary reliefs." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/NQ42776.pdf.

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Afat, Abobaker Ali. "Reconstructing the Paleodiet of the Punic inhabitants at the site of Kerkouane (Tunisia)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/31707.

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Abstract: The proposed project intends to investigate the dietary system of the Punic population at Kerkouane, Tunisia. The cutting-edge approach of stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes analysis of human bones will allow us to assess the subsistence pattern of the past population. Subjected samples are obtained from the burials found at the necropolis of Arg El-Ghazouani; as the site is situated in the Northeast, the coastal rim of Tunisia will tend to show the consumption of mosaic of food resources of marine and terrestrial origin. It will be crucial to understand the dietary preferences of local habitats among these resources. Combining proxy data (δ13C and δ15N) will throw light on the answers to the abovementioned questions. The δ13C and δ15N stable isotopes reported in this study for humans remain (=25) from the necropolis of Arg El-Ghazouani. The results suggest that the diet of the individuals of Arg El-Ghazouani was based on C3 terrestrial plants, with no significant indication of C4 plants consumption. In addition, to a variety of domestic animals like sheep, goats, and cattle. Although the δ15N indicates a higher variability among the N values, it is still impossible to display a high consumption. It could be a contribution of marine resources in the individual's Arg El- Ghazouani. However, there were no significant diet differences among Arg El-Ghazouani concerning age, sex, and funerary features. The isotopic data of Kerkouane compared to the ancient roman site of Leptiminus, located on the Mediterranean coast of Lamta town, Tunisia. In this thesis study, there was a significant dietary difference observed in the inhabitants of Tunisia during the past time.
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Goldfus, Haim. "Tombs and burials in churches and monasteries of Byzantine Palestine (324-628 A.D.)." Full text available, 1997. http://images.lib.monash.edu.au/ts/theses/goldfus.pdf.

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David, Dionísio M. M. "Escultura funerária portuguesa do século XV." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UNL-Universidade Nova de Lisboa -- FCSH-Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas -- -Departamento de História da Arte, 1990. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29760.

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Ramos, Francisco Nuno. "Os túmulos de D. Inês de Castro e D. Pedro I." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UL-Universidade de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1993. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29796.

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王家敏 and Ka-man Carmen Wong. "Painted gods: arts and crafts for the production of ancestral tablets and folk gods plaques in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42183042.

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31

Garman, Alex G. "The cult of the Matronae in the Roman Rhineland /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3074404.

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Riedemann, Lorca Valeria. "Greek myths abroad : a comparative regional study of their funerary uses in fourth-century BC Apulia and Etruria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2bc2051b-16ec-42cd-8460-69e78ddbeff9.

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This dissertation presents a regional comparative study of the uses of Greek heroic stories as illustrated on funerary monuments of Apulia and Etruria in the fourth century BC. Founded on the grounds of contextual archaeology and reception theory, it approaches a group of Apulian red-figure vases, Etruscan sarcophagi and tomb-paintings from both regions as a means of investigating the cultural significance of the myths presented in the grave by different peoples in Italy. Moreover, this study emphasises the possible ways in which viewers engaged with the images depicted on these monuments by defining a cultural frame ('horizon of expectations') for their interpretation of the images. Further contributions include the development of a model for the interpretation of the myths depicted on Apulian red-figure vases and the prominence of the corpus of Etruscan mythological sarcophagi, a type of monument often neglected in Etruscan studies. At the end of the dissertation, it will become clear - it is expected - that there were regional preferences for particular myths and differences in both the media and the ways in which Greek myths were used and displayed during the funeral.
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Angers, Philippe 1968. "Principles of religious imitation in mediaeval architecture : an analysis of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem and its European copies from the Carolingian period to the late Romanesque." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=98534.

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This study concerns the concept of sacred architectural imitation, using the Platonic notion of mimesis which then later finds expression in the medieval idea of imitatio. In Religious as well as in artistic and architectural forms of expression, the notion of imitation is indeed a very central and complex issue. At the heart of this concept is the question of meaning, or, more precisely, the transference or translation of meaning; from original to copy, from prototype to reproduction.
In order to better illustrate and understand the principles guiding the notion of medieval sacred architectural imitation I have chosen to focus on five specific instances surrounding the replication of the Holy Sepulcher in Jerusalem, arguably the most revered landmark in Christendom.
A close examination of the relationships which exist between model and copy will bring to the fore the dynamics which govern the process of mimesis by which meaning is reproduced in the architectural replicas.
From this comparative analysis will emerge a more universal picture of the medieval concept of religious imitation. Indeed, if anything, a preliminary survey of the great many imitations of the Holy Sepulcher spread throughout Europe reveals to the observer a surprising trend, namely a consistency of inconsistencies in their effort to "copy".
The present study will demonstrate that these seeming inconsistencies within the application of the mimetic process nevertheless reveal a somewhat unexpected structure.
From the pattern of these inconsistencies will emerge a clearer picture of the principles governing the transfer of sacred meaning via the method of imitatio during the Middle Ages.
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34

Dondi, Cristina Francesca. "The liturgy of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem (XII-XVI century) with special reference to the practice of the orders of the Temple and St John of Jerusalem /." Thesis, Online version, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.340388.

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35

Stewart, David James. "'Rocks and storms I'll fear no more': Anglo-American maritime memorialization, 1700-1940." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/502.

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Nautical archaeology has made remarkable advances since its inception half a century ago, but one area in need of more attention is the examination of cultural aspects of seafaring. This dissertation advances understanding of eighteenth- through early-twentieth century British and American maritime culture by exploring traditional memorialization practices. Interpretations are based primarily on analysis of 412 maritime memorials recorded during two archaeological surveys in Great Britain and the United States. In addition, primary accounts from the Age of Sail are utilized to place maritime memorialization into its proper cultural and historical context. Research reveals three major themes in Anglo-American maritime memorialization. First, memorials show a striking concern for the dangers and hardships of life at sea. Numerous memorials describe the perils of the natural world and the group values that mariners developed to cope with the ever-present possibility of sudden death. Such values include attention to duty, courage, group loyalty, self-sacrifice, and pride. Second, maritime communities faced the problem of commemorating those who never returned from the sea. Many sailors were lost at sea or died aboard ship or in distant lands. In the vast majority of such cases, the body was never returned home, and many did not receive proper burial. As a result, family members and fellow sailors created memorials to honor the lost and to symbolically lay the deceased to rest. Evidence indicates, however, that such attempts were not entirely satisfactory. Many epitaphs lament the fact that empty graves cannot provide an adequate substitute for missing bodies. Finally, investigation revealed a significant increase in religious sentiment on maritime memorials from the mid-nineteenth century until the end of the Age of Sail. It is suggested that the increase in maritime religious sentiment was linked to nineteenth-century religious reform movements. The prevalence of religious imagery and inscriptions on maritime memorials during this time, however, probably does not indicate that most sailors became religious. Rather, most religious maritime memorials were erected by sailors' families. This suggests that maritime families turned to religion as a source of comfort when faced with the deaths of loved ones at sea.
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36

Malone, Hannah Olivia. "Nineteenth-century Italian cemeteries : the social and political basis of funerary architecture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648217.

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37

Silva, João Castro. "O túmulo de Góis." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- -Universidade Lusíada, 2001. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29365.

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38

Flor, Pedro 1972. "O túmulo de D. João de Noronha e de D. Isabel de Sousa na Igreja de Santa Maria de Óbidos-um exemplo da tumulária renascentista em Portugal." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UL-Universidade de Lisboa -- -Faculdade de Letras, 1998. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29848.

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39

Charréu, Leonardo. "O Mosteiro de S. Francisco de Santarém e o coro alto de D. Fernando-arquitectura, espaço e arte funerária no séc. XIV." Master's thesis, Instituições portuguesas -- UNL-Universidade Nova de Lisboa -- FCSH-Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas -- -Departamento de História da Arte, 1995. http://dited.bn.pt:80/29724.

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40

Hutchinson, David Robert. "Piety in peril : a religiously conservative sixteenth century school of church monuments in Sussex, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6340/.

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During approximately twenty-five years of the early to mid-sixteenth century, a hitherto largely unnoticed series of Caen stone tombs were erected in Sussex and Hampshire churches with designs that emphasized religious imagery. These crudelycarved but high-status monuments displayed the piety of those commemorated and included a transitional mixture of Gothic and Renaissance motifs. Strong circumstantial evidence suggests they were carved by masons in Chichester, employed within a cathedral ‘works organisation', who could offer lower transportation costs than those producing Purbeck marble tombs in London and Corfe, Dorset. The tombs satisfied the religiously conservative taste of local patrons with at least 14 tombs being designed as Easter Sepulchres. Later monuments appear incongruous when set against the backdrop of state-inspired change in religious doctrine and were among the last carved in the medieval tradition. As the pace of the Reformation quickened, the iconoclastic policies of the radically Protestant government of Edward VI constricted the masons' operations and probably brought their business to an end around 1550 - despite diversification into secular work. Employing archæological recording techniques and archival research, this project identifies and catalogues, for the first time, the 32 surviving examples of these masons' output, which demonstrate a much greater production rate and wider distribution than previously published. The project also investigates the destruction of the monuments' religious iconography by Protestant reformers, probably in 1548-53, and/or the erasure of devotional motifs by relatives in attempts to protect the tombs from damage. In addition, the project explores issues of patronage, the sources of the masons' designs, their construction methods and places them in the context of tomb production in London and the provinces in the mid-sixteenth century.
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41

Gladstone, Helen Crawford. "Building an identity : two noblewomen in England 1566-1666." Thesis, n.p, 1990. http://oro.open.ac.uk/19042/.

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42

Bonato, Stéphanie. "La permanence de l'ordre dorique dans l'architecture funéraire du bassin oriental de la méditérranée: formes canoniques et variantes locales aux époques hellénistique et romaine." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211384.

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43

Bottos, Ryan. "The placemaking of ritual, remembrance, and loss." PDF viewer required Home page for entire collection, 2007. http://archives.udmercy.edu:8080/dspace/handle/10429/9.

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44

Rix, Emma May. "Tombs and territories : the epigraphic culture of Lycia, c.450-197 BC." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2b7c5f23-4779-4165-817e-675c52b05b12.

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In this thesis, I look at the use of inscriptions on stone in the Lycian peninsula during the fourth and third centuries BC, considering the effect of internal and external events on the production of inscriptions in the area, and looking at aspects of continuity and change across the two centuries. In Chapter 1, I discuss the development of the Lycian alphabet, arguing that origins of the alphabet are far more complex than has usually been believed, and involved elements of both organic development and conscious devising of letters forms. Building on the work of earlier scholars, I consider the alteration of certain letters-forms over time, and use these - and other available indications of date - to allocated number of inscriptions from different sites to 'early' or 'later' periods; the results of this work are presented in the 'harts' at the back of my thesis. In the subsequent chapters, I build on my conclusions from the first chapter to discuss certain aspects of the epigraphy of Lycia in a broadly chronological fashion, first setting out the what we know about the historical background of each period under discussion, and then considering inscriptions of particular interest. In Chapter 2, dealing with the late-fifth and early-fourth century, I look at the earliest of the Lycian epitaphs, as well as the uniquely long inscriptions of the rulers of Xanthos. I consider the development and structure of the 'building formula' which is so common in Lycian inscriptions, and how this relates to other Anatolian epigraphy. Chapter 3 looks at the effect of the internal strife in early-third century Lycia, and particularly the figure of Perikle, on the epigraphic culture of Lycia, with particular discussion of the ẽnẽ ... Xñtawata 'ruler formula', while Chapter 4 discusses the changes brought about by Hekatomnid rule over Lycia, and the beginnings of the use of Greek in private epigraphy. Finally, Chapter 5 looks at the beginning of the Ptolemaic period, arguing that Lycian continued to be used in both official and private inscriptions, and discussing the ways in which official epigraphy became more similar to that of other Greek poleis - while retaining specifically Lycian features.
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Giguere, Joy. "Death and Commemoration on the Frontier: An Archaeological Analysis of Early Gravestones in Cumberland County, Maine." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/GiguereJM2005.pdf.

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46

Kelly, Robert Louis. "In search of Michelangelo's tomb for Julius II : reconstructing that for which no fixed rule may be given." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=38494.

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In early 1505, at twenty-nine years of age, Michelangelo began work on a massive tomb for Pope Julius II. The formal, temporal, and constructional intertwinings of this project are plumbed to create the foundation of this text. Finding its only full manifestation in the narratives of Vasari and Condivi, this tomb was the site of Michelangelo's first engagement with the making of architecture. The execution of this project would go on to intermittently occupy nearly half of Michelangelo's lifetime, making it a pivotal and paradigmatic work in the understanding of his opera. Explored as an embodied architectural treatise, the tomb reveals Michelangelo's dynamic process of creative making. Problematic issues in the prevailing Twentieth Century analyses and reconstructions of the tomb are called into question and alternative approaches to establish a deeper understanding of the project are proposed. Conjectures on the relevance of history, the hegemony and limits of analysis, the physical manifestation of ideas, what it means to "finish" a project, and what constitutes a "work," are projected from the foundations of the tomb onto the making of architecture today.
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Moles, Vickie A. "A stone conservation inventory for the "old part" of Beech Grove Cemetery, Muncie, Indiana." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1101589.

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The purposes of this creative project were (1) to develop a stone conservation plan for some of the markers in the "Old Part" of Beech Grove Cemetery, (2) to bring attention to the plight of a sampling of the cemetery stone markers in the "Old Part," and (3) to provide a written and photographic database for those individuals who are concerned with the preservation/conservation of Beech Grove Cemetery, in the hopes that a conservation plan can be implemented throughout the cemetery.Results revealed that a vast majority of Beech Grove's markers are deteriorating due to several natural factors such as weathering and erosion, as well as to neglect and vandalism. I have included, in this project, 195 stone inventory forms with a correlating map and photograph of those stones surveyed. The results also confirmed my theory that little conservation has taken place in the cemetery. Some conservation efforts that have been applied to the stone markers have further damaged them due to inappropriate methods.
Department of Architecture
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Walker, Amy E. "A tisket, a tasket, please don't touch that casket : an evaluation of cemeteries in Delaware County, Indiana." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1209806.

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American cemeteries have evolved from unsophisticated and crowded burial grounds to curvilinear and elegantly designed rural cemeteries to the functional business of the memorial park. Regardless of the type, all cemeteries are constantly changing due to their natural features and because of the deterioration of stone after prolonged exposure to the elements. Then add neglect or vandalism into the mix and cemeteries appear to be particularly doomed.This creative project examines the cemeteries in Delaware County, Indiana. Working from "Cemeteries in Delaware County, Indiana" by Rosaella Cartwright and Elizabeth Modlin, an inventory was completed for the sixty located cemeteries. The ten that were not inventoried were outside the scope of the project, could not be located, or inaccessible. The landscape features, markers, funerary art motifs, and preservation efforts were recorded and the data was then analyzed. Issues and challenges facing the cemeteries were investigated, including how to go about properly documenting a cemetery and general information on cleaning and repairing markers. Finally preservation guidelines and recommendations were proposed for the cemeteries in Delaware County.
Department of Architecture
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49

Blin, Arnaud. "La gestion des sépultures collectives du bassin parisien à la fin du néolithique." Thesis, Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100183.

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Depuis près d’un siècle et demi, près de quatre cent cinquante sépultures collectives ont été découvertes dans le Bassin parisien. L’information archéologique à disposition y est largement lacunaire. La connaissance des groupes chrono-culturels de la fin du Néolithique a tout de même été enrichie grâce au mobilier funéraire. Il a permis de définir une phase de construction et d’utilisation commune pour une grande majorité de sépultures collectives au Néolithique récent 2 (3350-3000 av. J.-C). Une minorité d’entre elles a été utilisée au Néolithique final 1 (2900-2550 av. J.-C.), voire jusqu’au début de l’Âge du Bronze. Malgré un horizon chronologique commun, les sépultures collectives du Bassin parisien présentent une étonnante diversité architecturale. Deux grands types de monuments ont été identifiés : les allées sépulcrales et les hypogées. Ils coexistent avec un ensemble de sépulcres anciennement appelés « dolmens » ou « sépultures en fosse », deux termes qui sont aujourd’hui à bannir. Chaque type architectural se caractérise par des techniques de construction, une répartition géographique, une logique d’implantation, une durée d’utilisation et une concentration de mobilier qui lui est propre. Cette diversité est-elle renforcée par des divergences au niveau des pratiques funéraires ? Les différents types de sépultures collectives du Bassin parisien se distinguent-ils également par leurs modes de fonctionnement ? Peuvent-ils constituer des caractères culturels originaux ?
For one century and an half, around four hundred and fifty collective burials had been discovered in the Paris basin. The archeological information is widely lacunar. The knowledge of the chronological and cultural groups of the end of the Neolithic had been enhanced thanks to the burial deposit. It permitted to define a common phase of building and use of a large majority of the collective burials during the recent Neolithic (3350-3000 av. J.-C). A minority of them had been used during the final Neolithic(2900-2550 av. J.-C.), or even till the beginning of the Bronze Age.In spite of a common chronological horizon, the collective burials of the Paris basin presents a suprising architectural diversity. Two main types of monuments had been identified : the sepulchral galleries and the hypogeums. They coexist with a group of burials formerly named “dolmen” or “burial grave”, two names that we could not use any more. Each archictectural type is characterised by his own building technique, geographical distribution, implantation logic, useful life and deposit concentration. Is this diversity reinforced by some differences on burial practices ? Are the different types of collective burials of the Paris basin distinguished between as well by their functioning ? Could they constitue original characteristic cultural ?
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Claiden-Yardley, Kirsten. "Tudor noble commemoration and identity : the Howard family in context, 1485-1572." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5487809d-9066-4709-ace0-16b5debe825d.

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This thesis examines the relationship between the commemorative strategies of English noblemen in the period 1485-1572 and their identity both as individuals and as a social group. In particular, it will look at the Howard dukes of Norfolk in the context of their peers. The five chapters each address a different aspect of noble identity. The first two chapters deal with the importance of kinship and of status. The importance of kinship is evident across commemorative strategies from burial locations to the heraldry displayed at funerals to the references to ancestry in elegies. Having achieved a particular status, noblemen were defensive of their rank and the dues accorded to it. Funerals were designed to reflect social status and the choice of burial location could also indicate a concern with status. However, there was not always a correlation between the scale of commemoration and status. The third chapter examines the role that service to the Crown played in noble identity. Late medieval ideals of military service and a chivalric culture survived well in to the sixteenth century and traditional commemorative forms remained popular, even amongst noblemen newly ennobled from the ranks of the Tudor administration. Chapter four addresses the importance of local power to the nobility of the period. Burial and commemoration acted as a visible reminder of the social order and were of benefit in maintaining local stability. Noblemen could also use their death as a means of demonstrating good lordship through charity and hospitality. The final chapter examines the importance of religion to a nobleman's identity during a century of turbulent religious change. Studying commemorative strategies allows us to trace noble responses to religious change, the constraints on their public show of belief, and the ways in which they could express individuality.
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