Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Séparation de phase liquide'
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Suwondo, Endy. "Simulation et optimisation d'une opération de séparation par chromatographie en phase liquide." Toulouse, INPT, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPT066G.
Full textRiviere, Philippe. "Optimisation des conditions d'élution en chromatographie en phase liquide." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10193.
Full textEl, Khabchi Mohamed. "Chromatographie en phase liquide : contribution à l'optimisation d'une séparation préparative en gradient d'élution." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10190.
Full textCaruel, Hervé. "Procédé de séparation continu d'hydrates de carbone par chromatographie liquide en simulation de lit mobile." Toulouse, INPT, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPT009G.
Full textEl, Osta Racha. "De nouveaux solides hybrides poreux : synthèse, caractérisation, mécanismes de formation et séparation en phase liquide." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012VERS0028.
Full textDuring the last decade, research on the synthesis of MOF (Metal-Organic Framework) porous materials has been the subject of many studies due to potential applications of the materials. These crystalline compounds present three-dimensional atomic structures constructed from inorganic motifs linked by organic ligands (polycarboxylic acid) forming cavities with different geometries (cages, tunnels, etc. . . ) with sizes up to 30-40 Å and characterized by high specific surface areas (500-4000 m2. G-1). The prospect of new applications in the area of separation, recovery and purification of organic molecules in liquid phase using a porous inorganic-organic hybrid was a challenge to be addressed in the context of this thesis. The innovative and very promising properties of MIL-53 (Fe) led to a new method for the separation of BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and the three isomers of xylene) by HPLC chromatography. In addition, the solvothermal synthesis, crystal structure resolution and physicochemical characterizations of various lightweight solids based on alkali metals (lithium and sodium) and polycarboxylic acids have been reported, as well as the study of the mechanisms of formation of some MOFs by in situ X-ray diffraction (synchrotron radiation). Using a new kinetic model it has proved possible to distinguish the two main steps of the phenomenon of crystallization: nucleation and growth
Placidi-Rampont, Valérie. "Synthèse, séparation et analyse de métabolites soufrés du toluène." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN10008.
Full textKuswandi, M. "Procédés de séparation en milieu dispersé : régénération du triéthylène glycol par extraction de l'eau à l'aide d'un brouillard. Etude sur pilote et simulation. Séparation d'hydrocarbures par membranes liquides émulsionnées." Compiègne, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000COMP1275.
Full textPiras, Patrick. "Développement et exploitation d'une base de données moléculaire pour la séparation d'énantiomères par chromatographie liquide." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX30097.
Full textNicolaos, Alexandre. "Comparaison d'architectures de type lit mobile simulé multicomposant : application au cas de la séparation d'un mélange industriel." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPL124N.
Full textVigneau, Olivier. "Synthèse et évaluation de polymères imprimés pour la séparation d'éléments f : application en chromatographie liquide." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO10012.
Full textDurand-Charles, Sylvie. "Application de la chimie sous champ micro-ondes à la séparation par chromatographie en phase liquide haute performance." Pau, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PAUU3039.
Full textThe work presented in this report deals with the development of systems in order to underscore the feasibility and the potential of the application of microwave assisted chemistry to high performance liquid chromatography. First, a microwave system with a non resonant cavity for short high performance liquid chromatography columns (shorter than 7. 5 cm) was developed. Its interest was evaluated on cases of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon separations in reversed phase and on analyses of the two main redox chromium species by ion exchange mechanism. Potential of constant or variable microwave irradiation was tested. Then, a second microwave system with a resonant cavity for long high performance liquid chromatography columns (up to 25 cm) was developed. Its potential was also evaluated for separations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in reversed phase in case of constant or variable microwave irradiation
Pincemaille, Justine. "Interactions et assemblages de prolamines du blé." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTG056/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to provide structural and functional knowledge on wheat gluten proteins. For that, we use the physical methods and the concept of soft matter. We optimize an extraction protocol based on a liquid-liquid phase separation. With this protocol, we obtain protein batches with different glutenin/gliadin mass ratios, which we then study in a 50/50 water/ethanol solvent (v/v). We show that proteins behave like polymer chains in θ solvent in dilute and semi-dilute regime, whose characteristic size are extracted by small angle X-ray and neutron scattering. Moreover, two sizes of objects are evidenced in dilute regime by dynamic light scattering: monomeric proteins with a size around 10 nm which can be associated to α/β, and γ-gliadins and polymeric glutenins with low molecular weight and polymeric assemblies with a size around 100 nm composed of ω-gliadins and glutenins polymers with high molecular weight. These assemblies are revealed by a combination of size exclusion chromatography and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation and allow one to rationalize the phase diagrams of the protein mixtures with temperature. The study of the dynamics of the phase separation of these protein mixtures by small angle X-ray scattering shows that the phase separation proceeds through a spinodal decomposition phenomenon. An arrested phase separation is observed for deep quenches but also at all temperature quenches for the most glutenin rich samples, which are gels in the monophasic regime, as confirmed by rheology
Testard, Vincent. "Etude par simulations numériques de l'influence de la transition vitreuse sur la séparation de phase liquide-gaz." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON20014/document.
Full textWe realize a numerical study of spinodal decomposition under glass transition. We study the influence of glass transition on liquid-gaz phase separation. Our motivation was to explain a gel formation mecanisim of colloidal systems with short range interaction (colloid/non-adsorbing polymer system) shown in recent experiments. Their authors suggested a mecanisim taht we corroborate in this thesis. Our results confirm that gel structure is shaped by spinodal decomposition, and then glass transition slow dynamics until system get pinned in a bicontinuous structure in one hand, and avoid complete liquid-gas separation in other hand. A complete study (phase diagram, structure, length distributions, density distributions, typical lengths, cluster size, evolution mecanisim) of those systems is done in function of time, temperature and density
Macherel, Luc. "Modélisation de la chromatographie liquide non-linéaire : application à l'optimisation de la séparation préparative d'un mélange binaire." Lyon 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991LYO10219.
Full textHérault, Damien. "Synthèse de nouveaux polymères chiraux : utilisation en catalyse asymétrique hétérogène et en chromatographie liquide chirale." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10042.
Full textBoussouira, Boudiaf. "Préparation de nouveaux supports échangeurs d'anions pour la séparation des biopolymères par chromatographie liquide haute performance." Paris 12, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA120054.
Full textMizzi, Benoît. "Méthodologie générale pour la conception d'une extraction liquide-liquide réactive : application à la séparation d'un acide carboxylique issu d'un milieu fermentaire." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/17776/1/MIZZI_Benoit.pdf.
Full textPeralta, David. "Evaluation des Metal-Organic Frameworks en adsorption et séparation des hydrocarbures." Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730462.
Full textTomietto, Pacôme. "Contribution des polyhydroxyalcanoates (PHA) dans l'élaboration de matériaux membranaires pour des séparations en phase liquide." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REN1S034.
Full textThe use of membrane filtration is now widely implemented in the separation processes and is used in a large range of application sectors, such as the water treatment, the pharmaceutical or the food industries. Among the separation technologies, membrane filtration has the advantages to be energy-efficient, to not require any additional chemicals and to be easily scalable. However, the commonly phase inversion processes used to fabricate polymeric membranes can be considered as harsh for the environment. Thus, they require the use of fossil-based polymers, known to cause the depletion of non-renewable resources and environmental pollutions, and also request large amount of toxic solvents. The objective of this study is to fabricate more sustainable membranes. Herein, the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) has been used as biobased and biodegradable membrane material. Different phase inversion techniques have been studied. The membranes have been prepared either by evaporation induced phase separation or by non-solvent induced phase separation. The biopolymer-based membranes were successfully produced using a green solvent (the Cyrene™). By studying the effects of the dope solution composition and fabrication parameters, the membrane microstructure has been tailored. The membranes show interesting performances related to microfiltration and pervaporation applications
Carpentier, Laurence. "Étude des interactions entre protéines : application à la séparation d’enzymes pectinolytiques." Compiègne, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986COMPD024.
Full textKebe, Seydina Ibrahima. "Synthèse de matériaux monolithiques pour la séparation et la catalyse en phase liquide : problématiques environnementales et du développement durable." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1127/document.
Full textPolymeric materials have gained immense popularity with the golden age of petroleum and they still today meet with great success through Green polymer chemistry approaches and numerous high added value dedicated application in scientific domains such as analytical chemistry, medicine, space investigations, where one of the key for success is the design of miniaturized objects. In this contribution, micro-sized monolithic materials have been designed though either in microchannel immobilization (I.D. = 75 µm) or surface attachment on glass substrates (hundredths of microns in thickness). Polymers exhibiting monolithic morphology were considered to benefit of high permeability, mechanical and thermal resistances which are mandatory to flow chemistry applications. With the aim to control the interfacial interaction ability, a generic monolith having N-hydroxysuccinimide ester groups was used and on purpose functionalized. Molecular segments acting as selector – for electrochromatographic applications – of metal nanoparticles ligands – for supported catalysis applications – have been immobilized on the monolith surface via classical (nucleophilic substitution) or original (photo-induced thiol-ene click) grafting reactions.The so-designed materials were characterized through spectroscopic, microscopic, diffraction, thermogravimetric methods providing insight into correlation between the observed separation and catalytic abilities and the interfacial structure of the monolith. As representative examples of application, one may cite the electrochromatographic separation of toxic molecules such as organic pollutants (phenols, anilines, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls), preservatives in cosmetics (parabens) and biomarkers (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pyrimidic bases). The analyses were conducted on model solutions and complex matrices (cosmetics, extraterrestrial analog samples). Flow catalytic reaction meant for the reduction of nitroarenes, the oxidation of aromatic alcohol, the carbon-carbon coupling and the sensitive detection of pesticides and synthesis intermediates (para-nitrophenol) have been achieved
Campestrini, Marco. "Étude thermodynamique des équilibres solide-liquide-vapeur : application à la cryogénie et aux unités de séparation de l’air." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0035/document.
Full textIn the framework of the cryogenic air separation, impurities such as CO2 and N2O may solidify at the reboiler-condenser placed between the two distillation columns.The formed solid could provide an additional strength to the heat and material transfers, and increase the pressure drops in the distillation columns.Furthermore, the presence of a solid phase can promote the accumulation of light hydrocarbons which may form flammable mixtures with liquid oxygen.Therefore, the presence of solid phases must be controlled see avoided within the cryogenic air distillation process.The main issue of this thesis is to develop a suitable model for representing solid phases and their equilibrium with the liquid and vapor phases at the operating conditions of the process, and to obtain full phase diagrams which would improve the knowledge of phase equilibria and the control of the risks associated to the presence of solid phases
Favrou, Anita. "Etude comparative des performances de diverses cyclodextrines, de leurs dérivés et de leur formes oligomériques ou polymériques utilisés comme additifs chiraux en CLHP pour la séparation des énantiomères." Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30051.
Full textPhemius, Patrick. "Séparation chromatographique en continu : étude de la modélisation du lit mobile simulé." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT050G.
Full textLi, Chia-Ling. "Preparation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane by nonsolvent-induced phase separation and investigation into its formation mechanism." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20155.
Full textThis dissertation shows how the morphology and polymorphism of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes prepared by using vapor-induced phase separation (VIPS) and liquid-induced phase separation (LIPS) were tuned by varying the dissolution temperature at which PVDF was dissolved (Tdis) to form the casting solution. We observed a transition temperature denoted by critical dissolution temperature, Tcri, across which the morphology and polymorphism of membranes (obtained by VIPS) drastically changed. The phenomenon was considered as general, as a Tcri was observed for all the three solvents N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and the non-solvents, water and a series of alcohols, used in the present study. No matter which Tdis we used, polymer crystallization occurred prior to the L-L demixing. With Tdis above Tcri, the prepared membranes were composed of nodules (mainly in beta crystalline form) and the size of polymer domains decreased as the Tdis decreased. Because the polymer chains could freely coarsen to a large domain during the phase separation, we called the system free coarsening. With Tdis below Tcri, membranes with lacy (bi-continuous) structure (mainly in alpha crystalline form) were obtained. Because the polymer solution gelled during the phase separation, we called the system hindered coarsening. It was proven that PVDF membrane morphology and crystalline polymorphs can be monitored by Tdis and the solvent-nonsolvent exchange rate. These results were discussed in terms of self-seeding effect and competition between the gelation, crystallisation and L-L demixing
Nallet, Véronique. "Fabrication de microparticules d'acide salicylique par précipitation en mélangeur en T : étude expérimentale, modélisation et séparation par agglomération en phase liquide." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10294.
Full textLipka-Belloli, Emmanuelle. "Séparations chirales d'analogues tétrahydronaphtaléniques de la mélatonine." Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL2P010.
Full textAbdelmoumen, Souhir. "Étude théorique et expérimentale d'un nouveau procédé multi-colonnes continu de chromatographie préparative intégrant une étape de concentration." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005INPL003N.
Full textThis work consists in the study of Continuous Multi-Columns (MCC) processes of preparative liquid chromatography. Ln particular, a new process integrating a Concentration step, named M3C, is introduced. The thesis is divided in three distinct parts. Ln a bibliographic synthesis, the principal aspects of preparative chromatography in liquid phase are reviewed. A theoretical study, based on two different approaches is then presented. First, the model of the equilibrium theory, which assumes the use of an iaeal chromatographic column is considered. Then, semi-ideal models, taking into account the phenomena of dispersion are used. Ln both cases, considering multicomponent Langmuir isotherms type, the performances of different MCC processes are compared in term of productivity and eluant consumption. The M3C process proved to be more efficient than the Simulated Moving Bed (SMB). The last part of this work constitutes an experimental validation of the theoretical results. Separations of optical isomers of ketoprofen are carried out on a SMB pilot and on a M3C. The experimental study shows that the productivity can be increased by a factor of at least two and that eluant consumption can be significantly reduced when a concentration step is integrated to the SMB
McSheehy, Shona. "Identification des espèces organiques d'arsenic et de sélénium dans les matrices biologiques par chromatographie en phase liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse. : ICP MS et électrospray MS/MS." Pau, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PAUU3032.
Full textBenramdane, Larbi. "Dosage des espèces arseniées d'intérêt toxicologique (arsenic minéral et métabolites) par spectrométrie d'absorption atomique après séparation par extraction liquide-liquide ou par CLHP : application à un cas d'intoxication mortelle." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO1T210.
Full textColas, Clémentine. "Bio-inspired synthetic crystals." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASF044.
Full textCalcareous biominerals present a great variety of forms and biological functions, but also a number of common structural features. In particular, they appear, in their great majority, to be formed by an assembly of spheroidal crystalline nanoparticles, while having crystalline properties close to those of a single crystal. The compactness of this nanostructure suggests the existence of a liquid transient prior to the formation of an amorphous state, which has been evidenced in a number of cases. The crystallisation pathway, which would involve intermediate states typical of so-called non-classical crystallisation processes, is not yet fully established. In particular, the existence of an ion-enriched liquid phase remains complex to demonstrate in vivo. In order to assess the relevance of such a hypothesis, an approach based on a synthetic model including a dense liquid phase was used. Amorphous calcium carbonate films of sub-micron thickness were produced by CO₂ gas diffusion in a calcium solution in the presence of anionic polyelectrolyte. The mechanism of film formation, combining the development of a 2D pattern by liquid-liquid phase separation and the irreversible aggregation of amorphous nanoparticles formed in solution, was demonstrated. The amorphous films were crystallized by heating, exposure to controlled relative humidity, or aging in the reaction medium. The characterization of these 2D crystals, in particular by Bragg ptychography, has made it possible to describe the amorphous-crystal transition mechanisms and to specify the crystalline properties for each crystallization condition. Some crystals show properties very similar to biogenic crystals, thus supporting the hypothesis of a liquid intermediate in calcareous biomineralization
Crini, Grégorio. "Nouvelles phases stationnaires à base de cyclodextrine : applications à différentes séparations en chromatographie liquide haute performance." Lille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LIL10059.
Full textLe, Dinh Chi. "Etude de la séparation des phénothiazines et leurs dérivés N-déméthylés par chromatographie liquide à haute performance et électrophorèse capillaire et de l'optimisation du choix de solutés test pour estimer les coefficients de l'équation de la relation linéaire de l'énergie de solvation." Aix-Marseille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX30002.
Full textThe relationship between the logarithm of retention factor log k of 12 phenothiazines and the solvent proportion in mobile phase, studied with three octadecyl-bonded column, was non linear. A process was established to optimize the choice of test solutes, allowing to estimate the coefficients of the equation of linear solvatation energy relationship (LSER) with a minimum of experiments to be carried out. The separation of phenothiazines and their N-demethyl derivatives was carried out by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a monolithic column and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with a non ionic surfactant, the octaethylen glycol monododecyl ether. The separation capacity was better with MEKC, particularly for aliphatic phenothiazines
Charton, Frédéric. "Optimisation des coupes et recyclages en chromatographie préparative industrielle." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL091N.
Full textBonanno, Laurent Michel. "Analyse des phospholipides et des protéines du surfactant pulmonaire : intérêt d'une phase mixte silice/C18 dans la séparation d'un mélange complexe." Paris 11, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA114832.
Full textDeschamps, Frantz. "Fractionnement par fluides supercritiques : analyse fine d'extraits lipidiques riches en glycolipides d'intérêt pharmaceutiques." Paris 11, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA114821.
Full textGuerpin, Valérie. "Synthèse et étude de phases stationnaires dérivées d'oxazolines chirales pour la chromatographie énantiosélective en phase gazeuse et en phase liquide haute performance." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES016.
Full textRoussel, Frédérick. "Nouveaux composites de polymère acrylique et de cristal liquide nématique : élaboration, thermophysique de la séparation de phases, et comportements électro-optiques." Littoral, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DUNK0003.
Full textGervais, Gaël. "Rôle des paramètres opératoires sur la fiabilité d’une analyse multi-résidus de micropolluants dans l’eau : extraction sur phase solide, séparation par chromatographie liquide à très haute pression et détection par spectrométrie de masse en tandem." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1S057.
Full textThe occurrence of micropollutants is a major aspect in water quality assessment. For the last few years, analytical methods combining solid-phase extraction, liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry has become the main technique for the analysis of a broad range of micropollutants. On the basis of some pesticides and endocrine disruptor compounds in water analysis, impacts of the parameters: extraction, separation, detection and data processing, on the analysis reliability (repeatability, accuracy, stability, reproducibility…) have been studied. Each step of the analytical method has been optimized and the parameters, affecting substance signals have been discussed. A global reflection upon the cause of signal variations and the possible answers to apply has been conducted. Proposed answers were validated by real matrix analysis and inter-laboratory studies. This work presents the tools and the key-points to ensure the results obtained by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry analysis
Haroun, Mohamed. "Phases stationnaires chirales à base de teicoplanine et d'aminoglycosides pour la séparation d'énantiomères d'acides aminés." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00156850.
Full textBourdat-Deschamps, Marjolaine. "Optimisation de la séparation de métabolites secondaires issus de plantes à l'aide de techniques innovantes (CPC,OPLC)." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA114807.
Full textConstantin, Boris. "Dragage des sédiments contaminés du lac Saint-Augustin (Québec) et séparation des phases solide-liquide : essai pilote sur plateforme." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30024/30024.pdf.
Full textBecause of urban and agricultural pollution, Saint-Augustin Lake (Quebec) is in a eutrophic state, with high content of phosphorus ([Ptot] = 60-120 µg/L). As its sediments are the main source of phosphorus, two techniques of contaminated sediment management were assessed during in situ experiment on a floating platform with enclosures: hydraulic dredging (by pumping) and mechanical dredging (with a clamshell bucket). Three techniques of solid-liquid separation were also assessed on the dredged sediment: decantation, coagulation-filtration and separation by hydrocyclone. The hydraulic dredging managed to limit the phosphorus release from the sediment, not like the mechanical dredging that also caused a resuspension of sediment. The coagulation-filtration and the decantation enabled to obtain a liquid phase clearer than lake water with a very low content in phosphorus, [Psoluble] < 10 µg/L.
Lalaude, Corinne. "Trempe en concentration induite par laser : dynamique de séparation de phase sous champ dans des mélanges liquides structurés." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10572.
Full textNowik, Witold. "Mise au point d’une démarche analytique de caractérisation de mélanges naturels complexes à l’aide de méthodes chromatographiques sélectives et complémentaires : application à l’analyse des colorants anthraquinoniques présents sur les objets du patrimoine." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112196.
Full textThis work contributes to the improvement in the separation of anthraquinoids by reversed phase high performance chromatography, the final target being setting down the detection limits and improving the characterisation of separated components of anthraquinoid dyes from the cultural heritage artefacts.A series of 40 standards representing large range of existing anthrquinoid structures was used for the modelling of chromatographic behaviour of that family of compounds.First part of that research show the comparative study of the performances of alkyl (C18) bonded stationary phases. These performances are expressed by number of critical pairs as well as by symmetry of peaks. Considering the dispersion of values of symmetry of various peaks on different stationary phases, we introduced a novel symmetry parameter d(TF;1), which allowed to range all stationary phases according to their “global” symmetry and to determine the most satisfactory ones.The selectivity of octadecyl bonded phases was little different each other, so it was decided to test the functionalised phases which could offer complementary retention mechanisms in the separation of anthraquinoid dyes in reversed phase systems.The separation efficiency of these phases was evaluated as before, and the most efficient phases were selected.The general comparison of all studied stationary phases, bonded with octadecyl and functionalised, was done with the column suitability coefficient (CSc), an univocal ranking parameter containing both descriptors: number of critical pairs and peaks’ symmetry. The diagrams obtained by projection of co-ordinates corresponding to the critical pairs’ coefficient (CPc) and symmetry coefficient (Sc) gives a choice of particular properties of phases.The different selectivity of several studied phases driven us to check out their orthogonality in the aim to built bi-dimensional separation systems. Using the separation efficiency criterion, we employed a minimal distances computation method as well as the arithmetic and harmonic means describing the extension and homogeneity of dispersion of peaks on 2D separation surface. This approach was compared with several other classical or recent methods of the evaluation of peak dispersion. It was demonstrated that our method is particularly useful in the comparison of separation power of 2D systems.The experimental work, mainly done with standards of anthraquinone derivatives, was illustrated by some applications to the real samples of dyestuffs found in historical textiles.The results of this research are directly transferable to the application laboratories involved in the analysis of anthraquinoids for the identification of sources of dyestuffs presents in cultural heritage artefacts, but also for their characterisation in phytochemistry, phytopharmacology and other research
Joly, Jean-Pierre. "Synthèse d'éthers-couronnes osidiques et leur fixation sur support chromatographique en vue de la séparation d'énantiomères." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10019.
Full textMasood, Siddiqi Humaira. "Dispersions de cristaux liquides nématiques dans des matrices polymères thermodurcissables polyépoxyde : étude des cinétiques chimiques et des phénomènes de séparation de phase." Lyon, INSA, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ISAL0049.
Full textThis study deals with the formation process of crosslinked polymer/liquid crystal composites often called Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals (PDLC). These composites are obtained by the phase separation process of LC during the polycondensation of the reactive epoxy-amine oligomers. We have shown the importance of knowledge of polymerization kinetics and structural transformations such as gelation and vitrification (Retarding effect on chemical kinetics, shifts in gel conversions and plasticizing effects are observed when LC is added to the epoxy-amine system). Phase diagrams (Temperature-Concentration and Concentration-Conversion) have been modelled before and during the polycondensation reaction by considering the theories of Flory Huggins and Maier Saupe and the elastic contribution after gelation to the free energy of the system. These diagrams help to predict the isotropic-isotropic and isotropic-nematic phase separation as well as the compositions of the segregated phases as a function of epoxy conversion. Then the systems having 50 percent by weight of LC have been analyzed experimentally at isothermal temperatures or at a two-step thermal cycle. A comparison of theoretical predictions with experimental results have been made. A variety of LC droplet sizes is obtained using the two step thermal cycle. At last, the influence of an increase in molar mass of the oligomer epoxy on the phase separation and morphology has been studied. These studies help understand the fundamental relationships between different parameters which should be mastered during the formation of a PDLC composite
Dao, Thi Phuong Tuyen. "Hybrid polymer/liquid vesicles as new particles for drug delivery and cell mimics." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0190/document.
Full textHybrid copolymer/lipid vesicle are recently developed self-assembled structures that could present biocompatibility and biofunctionality of liposomes, as well as robustness, low permeability and functionality variability conferred by the copolymer chains. However, to date, physical and molecular parameters governing copolymer/lipid phase separation in these hybrid membranes are not well understood. In this work, we studied in detail the formation and phase separation in the membranes of both Giant Unilamellar Hybrid Vesicles(GHUVs) and Large Unilamellar Hybrid Vesicles (LHUVs) obtained from the mixture of phospholipids in the fluid (liquid disordered) or gel state (solid ordered) with various copolymers based on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEO) with different architectures (grafted, triblock) and molar masses. For GHUVs, phase separation at the micron scale and nanoscale was evaluated through confocal microscopy, and Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy technique (FLIM) respectively, where as acombination of Small angle neutron scattering (SANS), Cryo-transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) and Time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer (TR-FRET) techniques was used for LHUVs. We demonstrate that the lipid/polymer fraction, lipid physical state, and the line tension at lipid polymer/lipid boundaries which can be finely modulated by the molar mass and architecture of the copolymer are important factors that govern the formation and structuration of hybrid vesicles. We also evidence that elasticity ofthe hybrid membrane can be modulated via the lipid polymer composition, through the use of micropipettes techniques
Vaton-Chanvrier, Laurence. "Synthèse et greffage sur silice de dérivés de l'acide cholique. Evaluation de l'énantiosélectivité par chromatographie liquide haute performance." Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUES078.
Full textBouyahya, Asmaa. "Utilisations originales d'un liquide ionique : catalyseur et support pour la préparation de polymères biodégradables et composant d'une phase stationnaire séparative à base d'une beta-cyclodextrine et d'un polymère ionique." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR036/document.
Full textIonic liquids, combinations of organic cations and anions, are structured media of several nanometers and have very interesting and flexible properties. Thanks to these properties, ionic liquids have found a place in abundant applications, particularly in organic synthesis. In this thesis we have presented three different uses: i) The first use is based on the use of ILs as a controlled ring-opening polymerization (POC) catalyst for -caprolactone under mild condition. ii) The second use of ionic liquids is based on the synthesis of an innovative organotin catalyst / initiator supported on an ionic liquid for the preparation of a biodegradable polymer. The presence of the IL should make possible the elimination of the catalyst by simple filtration. The biological tests must agree our theory. iii) The third and last application is based on the creation of an original assembly composed of native and permethylated -cyclodextrins, an ionic liquid and a charged polymer. This new association could give access to water-soluble materials with new separation applications
Jacquet, Romain. "Cyclodextrines hydrophiles : caractérisation et étude de leurs propriétés énantiosélective et complexante : utilisation de la chromatographie en phase liquide et de la spectrométrie de masse." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185542.
Full textDans la première partie, une nouvelle CD méthylée faiblement substituée a été caractérisée par différentes techniques analytiques, permettant ainsi l'obtention d'informations complémentaires menant à une meilleure connaissance de la composition du mélange commercial. D'autre part, la séparation par chromatographie en phase liquide (CPL) des trois isomères de la sulfobutyléther-beta-CD monosubstituée a été optimisée sur carbone graphite poreux (PGC) en augmentant la température de la colonne.
La deuxième partie a porté sur l'évaluation du système chromatographique PGC / CDs méthylées pour la séparation chirale en CPL. Outre sa grande résistance physique et chimique, le PGC s'est révélé plus sélectif que les colonnes de silice greffée habituellement employées pour ce type de séparation et a nécessité une quantité moindre de CDs dans la phase mobile.
Enfin, dans la troisième partie, les complexes de différentes CDs méthylées avec des solutés test ont été étudiés par des expériences de partage liquide-liquide et par spectrométrie de masse à ionisation électrospray. La comparaison des résultats obtenus par ces deux méthodes a révélé que les signaux enregistrés en ESI-SM ne reflètent pas les équilibres existant en solution.