Academic literature on the topic 'Sentinel prey'

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Journal articles on the topic "Sentinel prey"

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Wills, B. D., T. N. Kim, A. F. Fox, C. Gratton, and D. A. Landis. "Reducing Native Ant Abundance Decreases Predation Rates in Midwestern Grasslands." Environmental Entomology 48, no. 6 (November 12, 2019): 1360–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz127.

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Abstract Diverse and robust predator communities are important for effective prey suppression in natural and managed communities. Ants are ubiquitous components of terrestrial systems but their contributions to natural prey suppression is relatively understudied in temperate regions. Growing evidence suggests that ants can play a significant role in the removal of insect prey within grasslands, but their impact is difficult to separate from that of nonant predators. To test how ants may contribute to prey suppression in grasslands, we used poison baits (with physical exclosures) to selectively reduce the ant population in common garden settings, then tracked ant and nonant ground predator abundance and diversity, and removal of sentinel egg prey for 7 wk. We found that poison baits reduced ant abundance without a significant negative impact on abundance of nonant ground predators, and that a reduction in ant abundance decreased the proportion of sentinel prey eggs removed. Even a modest decrease (~20%) in abundance of several ant species, including the numerically dominant Lasius neoniger Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), significantly reduced sentinel prey removal rates. Our results suggest that ants disproportionately contribute to ground-based predation of arthropod prey in grasslands. Changes in the amount of grasslands on the landscape and its management may have important implications for ant prevalence and natural prey suppression services in agricultural landscapes.
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Ostreiher, Roni, and Aviad Heifetz. "The sentinel behaviour of Arabian babbler floaters." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 2 (February 2017): 160738. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160738.

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The sentinel behaviour of 38 Arabian babbler adult floaters, who lived alone within a territory belonging to a foreign group, was studied and compared with their own sentinel behaviour in the past, when they were group members. All floaters acted as sentinels and uttered ‘alarm calls’. This suggests that sentinel activity is due at least, in part, to selfish motives. Floaters sentinelled less than they did as group members, with the decrease in sentinel activity sharper for ex-dominants than for ex-subordinates. One possible explanation for these differences is that sentinel activity is aimed not only at detecting predators, but also at detecting foreign conspecifics. Within a group, the latter incentive is stronger for breeding dominants than for subordinates, whereas all floaters alike may be trying to detect the owners of the territory in which they were roaming but also to avoid being detected by them. Other possible explanations are that floaters have less time and energy for sentinel activity because they are weaker or because foraging is more difficult in a foreign territory. This may be especially so for dominants who used to enjoy privileged access to food in their group. No significant difference was found in the rate of sentinels' ‘alarm calls’ between floaters and group members, suggesting that their main purpose is predator–prey communication, of which warning groupmates may be a side benefit.
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Howe, Andy G., Gösta Nachman, and Gábor L. Lövei. "Predation pressure in Ugandan cotton fields measured by a sentinel prey method." Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 154, no. 2 (January 10, 2015): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eea.12267.

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Ricci, B., C. Lavigne, A. Alignier, S. Aviron, L. Biju-Duval, J. C. Bouvier, J. P. Choisis, et al. "Local pesticide use intensity conditions landscape effects on biological pest control." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 286, no. 1904 (June 5, 2019): 20182898. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.2898.

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Complex landscapes including semi-natural habitats are expected to favour natural enemies thereby enhancing natural pest biocontrol in crops. However, when considering a large number of situations, the response of natural biocontrol to landscape properties is globally inconsistent, a possible explanation being that local agricultural practices counteract landscape effects. In this study, along a crossed gradient of pesticide use intensity and landscape simplification, we analysed the interactive effects of landscape characteristics and local pesticide use intensity on natural biocontrol. During 3 years, using a set of sentinel prey (weed seeds, aphids and Lepidoptera eggs), biocontrol was estimated in 80 commercial fields located in four contrasted regions in France. For all types of prey excepted weed seeds, the predation rate was influenced by interactions between landscape characteristics and local pesticide use intensity. Proportion of meadow and length of interface between woods and crops had a positive effect on biocontrol of aphids where local pesticide use intensity was low but had a negative effect elsewhere. Moreover, the landscape proportion of suitable habitats for crop pests decreased the predation of sentinel prey, irrespectively of the local pesticide use intensity for weed seeds, but only in fields with low pesticide use for Lepidoptera eggs. These results show that high local pesticide use can counteract the positive expected effects of semi-natural habitats, but also that the necessary pesticide use reduction should be associated with semi-natural habitat enhancement to guarantee an effective natural biocontrol.
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Eötvös, Csaba Béla, Gábor L. Lövei, and Tibor Magura. "Predation Pressure on Sentinel Insect Prey along a Riverside Urbanization Gradient in Hungary." Insects 11, no. 2 (February 1, 2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11020097.

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Urbanization is one of the most important global trends which causes habitat reduction and alteration which are, in turn, the main reasons for the well-documented reduction in structural and functional diversity in urbanized environments. In contrast, effects on ecological mechanisms are less known. Predation is one of the most important ecological functions because of its community-structuring effects. We studied six forest habitats along a riverside urbanization gradient in Szeged, a major city in southern Hungary, crossed by the river Tisza, to describe how extreme events (e.g., floods) as primary selective pressure act on adaptation in riparian habitats. We found a generally decreasing predation pressure from rural to urban habitats as predicted by the increasing disturbance hypothesis (higher predator abundances in rural than in urban habitats). The only predators that reacted differently to urbanization were ground active arthropods, where results conformed to the prediction of the intermediate disturbance hypothesis (higher abundance in moderately disturbed suburban habitats). We did not find any evidence that communities exposed to extreme flood events were preadapted to the effects of urbanization. The probable reason is that changes accompanied by urbanization are much faster than natural landscape change, so the communities cannot adapt to them.
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Greenop, Arran, Andreas Cecelja, Ben A. Woodcock, Andrew Wilby, Samantha M. Cook, and Richard F. Pywell. "Two common invertebrate predators show varying predation responses to different types of sentinel prey." Journal of Applied Entomology 143, no. 4 (February 4, 2019): 380–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jen.12612.

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Wilcox, Aidan, and Sara Lewis. "Fluorescence in Fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae): Using Sentinel Prey to Investigate a Possible Aposematic Signal." Florida Entomologist 102, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1653/024.102.0342.

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Geduhn, Anke, Alexandra Esther, Detlef Schenke, Doreen Gabriel, and Jens Jacob. "Prey composition modulates exposure risk to anticoagulant rodenticides in a sentinel predator, the barn owl." Science of The Total Environment 544 (February 2016): 150–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.117.

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McHugh, Niamh M., Steve Moreby, Marjolein E. Lof, Wopke Werf, and John M. Holland. "The contribution of semi‐natural habitats to biological control is dependent on sentinel prey type." Journal of Applied Ecology 57, no. 5 (March 22, 2020): 914–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.13596.

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GOSSNER, Martin M., Elena GAZZEA, Valeriia DIEDUS, Marlotte JONKER, and Mykola YAREMCHUK. "Using sentinel prey to assess predation pressure from terrestrial predators in water-filled tree holes." European Journal of Entomology 117 (April 28, 2020): 226–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.14411/eje.2020.024.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sentinel prey"

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Merfield, Charles Norman. "Predator interactions within a trophic level : Phalangium opilio L. (Arachnida: Opiliones) and mites (Arachnida: Acari)." Master's thesis, Lincoln University. Bio-Protection and Ecology Division, 2000. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20060908.204153.

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This study investigated commensal feeding interactions between the European harvestman (P. opilio L.) and the predatory mites Balaustium spp. and Anystis baccarum L. It also investigated the feeding behaviour of P. opilio. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory using standardised temperature, humidity, photoperiod and experimental arenas, with eggs of the brown blowfly (Calliphora stygia F.) as prey facsimiles. Due to initial difficulties in obtaining enough predatory mites, mite feeding was manually simulated piercing blowfly eggs with a minuten pin. P. opilio consumed significantly more freeze-killed than live blowfly eggs, indicating that freezing induced chemical and/or physical changes to blowfly eggs that are detected by P. opilio. Significantly more manually pierced eggs were consumed by P. opilio compared with unpierced ones, demonstrating that piercing caused a chemical and/or physical to the egg and increased the feeding rates of P. opilio. Different densities of eggs had no effect on the numbers eaten by P. opilio and placing single pierced eggs next to groups of unpierced eggs also had no effect on the numbers of unpierced eggs eaten. These results suggest that P. opilio does not exhibit klinokinesis or orthokinesis to intensify its search for prey around the area where previous prey were located. P. opilio ate significantly more brown blowfly eggs that had previously been fed on by mites, demonstrating that a short term commensal interaction existed. However, further work is required to demonstrate if the relationship is commensal in the longer term. A comparison between hand-pierced and mite-pierced eggs showed that P. opilio ate significantly more of the former indicating that mite and hand piercing were quantitatively different. The potential for, and importance of, other commensal or mutual relationships between predators in agroecosystems is discussed. The lack of klinokinesis and orthokinesis in P. opilio is compared with other predators and parasitoids that do exhibit these behaviours. The means by which prey are detected by P. opilio are discussed in relation to interpreting behaviours such as prey inspection. Concerns about the effect of pre-treatment and handling of sentinel prey and the problems of using prey facsimiles are raised.
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Merfield, C. N. "Predator interactions within a trophic level : Phalangium opilio L. (Arachnida: Opiliones) and mites (Arachnida: Acari)." Diss., Lincoln University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/21.

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This study investigated commensal feeding interactions between the European harvestman (P. opilio L.) and the predatory mites Balaustium spp. and Anystis baccarum L. It also investigated the feeding behaviour of P. opilio. Experiments were conducted in the laboratory using standardised temperature, humidity, photoperiod and experimental arenas, with eggs of the brown blowfly (Calliphora stygia F.) as prey facsimiles. Due to initial difficulties in obtaining enough predatory mites, mite feeding was manually simulated piercing blowfly eggs with a minuten pin. P. opilio consumed significantly more freeze-killed than live blowfly eggs, indicating that freezing induced chemical and/or physical changes to blowfly eggs that are detected by P. opilio. Significantly more manually pierced eggs were consumed by P. opilio compared with unpierced ones, demonstrating that piercing caused a chemical and/or physical to the egg and increased the feeding rates of P. opilio. Different densities of eggs had no effect on the numbers eaten by P. opilio and placing single pierced eggs next to groups of unpierced eggs also had no effect on the numbers of unpierced eggs eaten. These results suggest that P. opilio does not exhibit klinokinesis or orthokinesis to intensify its search for prey around the area where previous prey were located. P. opilio ate significantly more brown blowfly eggs that had previously been fed on by mites, demonstrating that a short term commensal interaction existed. However, further work is required to demonstrate if the relationship is commensal in the longer term. A comparison between hand-pierced and mite-pierced eggs showed that P. opilio ate significantly more of the former indicating that mite and hand piercing were quantitatively different. The potential for, and importance of, other commensal or mutual relationships between predators in agroecosystems is discussed. The lack of klinokinesis and orthokinesis in P. opilio is compared with other predators and parasitoids that do exhibit these behaviours. The means by which prey are detected by P. opilio are discussed in relation to interpreting behaviours such as prey inspection. Concerns about the effect of pre-treatment and handling of sentinel prey and the problems of using prey facsimiles are raised.
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Johnson, Jessica A. "A replay of O.J. in black and white : pre-trial coverage in the Los Angeles Times and the Los Angeles Sentinel /." The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487949150071164.

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""Contribuição ao estudo da influência da radiação ionizante pré-operatória sobre a marcação do linfonodo sentinela do reto com azul patente: estudo experimental em ratos"." Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5132/tde-17042006-103113/.

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Hsuan-JU, Yang, and 楊玄如. "A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF THE PRESENTING ORDER OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE INFORMATION,THE TIMING OF PRE- SENTING CLIENT''S PROBLEM,AND THE LEVEL OF PROFESSIONAL." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79659731290130889910.

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碩士
國立師範大學
教育心理與輔導學系
83
This study is aimed to explore three factors which has effects on counselors'' judgments of client''s mental health: the order of presenting positive and negative information, the timing of presenting client''s problem and the level of professional experience of counselors. The study used a 2×2×2 factorial design. There are three independent variables. The first variable is to vary the order in which positive and negative infor- mation is presented. The second variable is to vary the timing of presenting client''s problem. The client'' s problem is presented either earlier or later in a session. The third variable is the level of professional experience of counselors. Subjects were 38 practice counselors and 38 student counselors. They were classified as 8 groups based on the three factors mentioned above. Counselors would judge client''s mental health according to the Global Assessment Scale after watching the videotape. There are four videotapes in all. The videotapes which were made depended on the order of presenting positive and negative information, and the timing of presenting client'' s problem. The data obtained were analyzed by three-way ANOVA. The results showed: 1.Varying the order in which the positive and negative information is presented has significant effects on counselors'' judgments of clients mental health. 2.Varying the timing of presenting client''s problem has no significant effects on counselors'' judgments of client''s mental health. 3.The judgments of client''s mental health have no sig- nificant difference between practice counselors and student counselors. 4.There is no significant interaction effects among the three independent variables on the judgments of client''s mental health.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sentinel prey"

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Leenstra, Marrit, Diego Marcos, Francesca Bovolo, and Devis Tuia. "Self-supervised Pre-training Enhances Change Detection in Sentinel-2 Imagery." In Pattern Recognition. ICPR International Workshops and Challenges, 578–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68787-8_42.

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Ammirati, Lorenzo, Nicola Mondillo, Domenico Calcaterra, and Diego Di Martire. "Sentinel-1 Data for Monitoring a Pre-failure Event of Tailings Dam." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 140–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64908-1_13.

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Ammirati, Lorenzo, Nicola Mondillo, Domenico Calcaterra, and Diego Di Martire. "Sentinel-1 Data for Monitoring a Pre-failure Event of Tailings Dam." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 140–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64908-1_13.

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Tessari, Giulia, Mario Floris, Vladimiro Achilli, Massimo Fabris, Andrea Menin, and Michele Monego. "Testing Sentinel-1A Data in Landslide Monitoring: A Case Study from North-Eastern Italian Pre-Alps." In Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides, 209–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53487-9_24.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sentinel prey"

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Guidroz, JA, MT Johnson, C. Scott-Conner, B. De Young, and RJ Weigel. "The use of touch prep for the evaluation of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer." In CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 Abstracts. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-1018.

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Clark, SL, D. Yilmaz, K. Arun, S. Javadzadeh, S. Saeed, and MZ Ullah. "Abstract P3-03-10: Pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy for sentinel lymph node localisation: Is it necessary?" In Abstracts: 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 4-8, 2018; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p3-03-10.

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Chagpar, A., P. Blumencranz, P. Whitworth, K. Deck, A. Rosenberg, R. Simmons, D. Reintgen, et al. "Use Pre- and Intra-Operative Data To Predict Probability of Positive Non-Sentinel Lymph Nodes." In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-302.

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Prod'homme, T., J. M. Belloir, H. Weber, G. Bazalgette Courrèges-Lacoste, R. Meynart, Y. R. Nowicki-Bringuier, J. Caron, et al. "Radiation-induced charge transfer inefficiency in charge-coupled devices: Sentinel-4 CCD pre-development as a case study." In SPIE Remote Sensing, edited by Roland Meynart, Steven P. Neeck, and Haruhisa Shimoda. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2072625.

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Rusby, J., E. Agabiti, S. Waheed, P. Barry, N. Roche, W. Allum, G. Gui, et al. "Abstract P1-01-10: Comparison of sentinel lymph node positivity rates pre and post introduction of OSNA molecular analysis." In Abstracts: Thirty-Fifth Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 4‐8, 2012; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs12-p1-01-10.

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Weikmann, Giulio, Claudia Paris, and Lorenzo Bruzzone. "Multi-year crop type mapping using pre-trained deep long-short term memory and Sentinel 2 image time series." In Image and Signal Processing for Remote Sensing XXVII, edited by Lorenzo Bruzzone, Francesca Bovolo, and Jon Atli Benediktsson. SPIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2600559.

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Semiglazov, VF, PV Krivorotko, EK Zhiltsova, GA Dashayan, KU Zernov, AA Bessonov, ES Trufanova, et al. "Abstract P3-01-18: Determining the need for axillar lymph node dissection based on pre-neoadjuvant chemotherapy sentinel lymph node biopsy results." In Abstracts: 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 5-9, 2017; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p3-01-18.

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Baruah, B., A. Goyal, P. Young, A. Douglas-Jones, R. Mansel, and on Behalf of Cardiff Breast Unit. "Pre-Operative Axillary Nodal Staging by Ultrasonography and Fine-Needle Cytology Reduces the Number of Unnecessary Sentinel Node Biopsies in Breast Cancer Patients." In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-1018.

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Cox, Karina, Jennifer Weeks, Ritchie Chalmers, Pippa Mills, David Fish, and Ali Sever. "Abstract P2-01-06: In patients with breast cancer, pre-operative sentinel node biopsy using intradermal microbubbles and contrast enhanced ultrasound predicts volume of axillary metastases." In Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 9-13, 2014; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs14-p2-01-06.

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Cox, KL, N. Sharma, A. Leaver, A. Lim, P. Mills, J. Weeks, A. Sever, M. Hashem, and T. DeSilva. "Abstract P2-01-34: Identification and biopsy of sentinel lymph nodes using intradermal microbubbles and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in pre-operative breast cancer patients: Early collective experience of the UK Microbubble Group." In Abstracts: 2016 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; December 6-10, 2016; San Antonio, Texas. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs16-p2-01-34.

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