Academic literature on the topic 'Sensitivity of nematic layers'

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Journal articles on the topic "Sensitivity of nematic layers"

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Trabelsi, Youssef, Walid Belhadj, Naim Ben Ali, and Arafa H. Aly. "Theoretical Study of Tunable Optical Resonators in Periodic and Quasiperiodic One-Dimensional Photonic Structures Incorporating a Nematic Liquid Crystal." Photonics 8, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8050150.

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In this work, the transfer matrix method (TMM) is employed to investigate the optical properties of one-dimensional periodic and quasiperiodic photonic crystals containing nematic liquid crystal (NLC) layers. This structure is expressed as (ABC)J(CBA)J and made of alternated layers of isotropic dielectrics SiO2 (A), BGO (B) and nematic liquid crystal (C). The simulation study shows that the proposed ternary configuration exhibits tunable defect mode within the photonic band gap (PBG) that can be manipulated by adjusting the thicknesses of NLC layers in order of the periodic lattice. In addition, the optimized structure permits for strong confinement light giving rise to an optical microcavity. The application of an applied voltage into NLC layers enables improving the sensitivity by guiding the local defect mode. It has been also shown that by applying quasiperiodic inflation according to Rudin Shapiro Sequence (RSS) scheme to main periodic structure, several tunable resonant modes appear within the PBG. The presence of such sharp resonant peaks reflects that the quasiperiodic NLC-based structure behaves like multiple microcavites with strong light-matter coupling.
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Chang, Tsung-Keng, Mon-Juan Lee, and Wei Lee. "Quantitative Biosensing Based on a Liquid Crystal Marginally Aligned by the PVA/DMOAP Composite for Optical Signal Amplification." Biosensors 12, no. 4 (April 7, 2022): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12040218.

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The working principle for a liquid crystal (LC)-based biosensor relies on the disturbance in the orderly aligned LC molecules induced by analytes at the LC-aqueous or LC-solid interface to produce optical signals that can be typically observed under a polarizing optical microscope (POM). Our previous studies demonstrate that such optical response can be enhanced by imposing a weak electric field on LCs so that they are readily tilted from the homeotropic alignment in response to lower concentrations of analytes at the LC-glass interface. In this study, an alternative approach toward signal amplification is proposed by taking advantage of the marginally tilted alignment configuration without applying an electric field. The surface of glass substrates was modified with a binary aligning agent of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl] ammonium chloride (DMOAP), in which the amount of PVA was fine-tuned so that the interfacing LC molecules were slightly tilted but remained virtually homeotropically aligned to yield no light leakage under the POM in the absence of an analyte. Two nematic LCs, E7 and 5CB, were each sandwiched between two parallel glass substrates coated with the PVA/DMOAP composite for the detection of bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model protein, and cortisol, a small-molecule steroid hormone. Through image analysis of the optical appearance of E7 observed under the POM, a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.5 × 10−8 μg/mL for BSA and that of 3 × 10−6 μg/mL for cortisol were deduced. Both values are significantly lower than that obtained with only DMOAP as the alignment layers, which correspond to signal amplification of more than six orders of magnitude. The new approach for signal amplification reported in this work enables analytes of a wide range of molecular weights to be detected with high sensitivity.
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Schell, K. T., and R. S. Porter. "Wave Structures in Nematic Layers." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 174, no. 1 (September 1989): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948908042700.

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Mirantsev, L. V. "Oscillations in thin nematic layers." Liquid Crystals 11, no. 3 (March 1992): 421–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678299208029000.

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Hotra, Z., Z. Mykytyuk, O. Hotra, A. Fechan, O. Syshynskyy, O. Yasynovska, and V. Kotsun. "The Cholesteric-Nematic Transition in Thin Layers of Nematic-Cholesteric Mixtures." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 534, no. 1 (January 13, 2011): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421406.2010.526565.

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Leenhouts, F., and M. Schadt. "Optics of Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Layers." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 158, no. 2 (May 1988): 241–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948808076144.

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Wagner, Wilfred L. "Chiral-Nematic Layers With Asymmetric Boundary Coupling." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 209, no. 1 (December 1991): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268949108036181.

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Sparavigna, A., L. Komitov, P. Palffy-Muhoray, and A. Strigazzi. "Bend-stripes in hybrid aligned nematic layers." Liquid Crystals 14, no. 6 (January 1993): 1945–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678299308027730.

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Schiller, P. "Perturbation theory for planar nematic twisted layers." Liquid Crystals 4, no. 1 (January 1989): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02678298908028959.

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Hoogboom, Johan, Theo Rasing, Alan E. Rowan, and Roeland J. M. Nolte. "LCD alignment layers. Controlling nematic domain properties." J. Mater. Chem. 16, no. 14 (2006): 1305–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b510579j.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sensitivity of nematic layers"

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Воробйов, Владислав Євгенійович. "Оптичні рідкокристалічні сенсори." Bachelor's thesis, КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. https://ela.kpi.ua/handle/123456789/35117.

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Дипломна робота присвячена питанням підвищення ефективності одного з основних виконавчих елементів електроніки. Ознайомлення з основними характеристиками сесорів. Аналіз шляхів оптимізації технічних параметрів датчиків рідкокристалічного градієнта тиску. Аналіз рідких кристальних сензорів акселерації, вібрацій і включення. У роботі розглянуто башато типів сенсорів та віддано перевашу оптичному рідкокристалічному сесору в зв’язку з легкою уніфікаціею його конструкції та широким використанням в побуті. Використовуючи властивості рідкокристалічних матеріалів вдалося досягти надзвичано чутливих ті презиційних сенсорів.
Thesis is devoted to improving the efficiency of one of the main executive elements of electronics. Introduction to the main characteristics of sessors. Analysis of ways to optimize the technical parameters of liquid crystal pressure gradient sensors. Analysis of liquid crystal sensors of acceleration, vibration and inclusion. The paper considers many types of sensors and prefers the optical liquid crystal sensor due to the easy unification of its construction and widespread use in the home. Using the properties of liquid crystal materials, it was possible to achieve extremely sensitive sensing sensors.
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Lindsay, R. I. "Shear in nematic liquid crystal layers." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296747.

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Mottram, N. J. "Boundary effects in nematic liquid crystal layers." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/3f718f68-e280-4994-afa2-29a7845c73f7.

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Masad, Sanaa Ahmad. "Sensitivity analysis of flexible pavement response and AASHTO 2002 design guide for properties of unbound layers." Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/528.

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Unbound granular materials are generally used in road pavements as base and subbase layers. The granular materials provide load distribution through aggregate contacts to a level that can help the subgrade to withstand the applied loads. Several research studies have shown that unbound pavement layers exhibit anisotropic properties. Anisotropy is caused by the preferred orientation of aggregates and compaction forces. The result is unbound pavement layers that have higher stiffness in the vertical direction than in the horizontal direction. This behavior is not accounted for in the design and analysis procedures included in the proposed AASHTO 2002 design guide. One of the objectives of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of flexible pavement response using different models for unbound pavement layers: linear isotropic, nonlinear isotropic, linear anisotropic and nonlinear anisotropic. Pavement response is computed using a finite element program. The computations from nonlinear isotropic and anisotropic models of unbound layers are compared to the AASHO field experimental measurements. The second objective is to analyze the influence of using isotropic and anisotropic properties for the pavement layers on the performance of flexible pavements calculated using the AASHTO 2002 models. Finally, a comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the proposed AASHTO 2002 performance models to the properties of the unbound pavement layers is conducted. The sensitivity analysis includes different types of base materials, base layer thicknesses, hot mix asphalt type and thickness, environmental conditions, and subgrade materials.
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Lavergne, Thomas. "Modélisation analytique et caractérisation expérimentale de microphones capacitifs en hautes fréquences : étude des couches limites thermiques, effets des perforations de l’électrode arrière sur la déformée de membrane." Thesis, Le Mans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LEMA1020/document.

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Les microphones capacitifs sont des transducteurs réciproques dont les qualités (sensibilité, bande passante et tenue dans le temps) en font des instruments de mesure performants. Couramment utilisés jusqu’à présent en récepteurs dans l’air à pression atmosphérique et à température ambiante, dans la gamme de fréquences audibles, ils sont correctement caractérisés dans ce cadre depuis près de trente ans. Mais aujourd’hui, leur miniaturisation (par procédé MEMS) et leur usage nouveau en métrologie fine (en récepteurs comme en émetteurs) - qui exigent une connaissance précise de leur comportement dans des domaines de fréquences élevées (jusqu’à 100 kHz), dans des mélanges gazeux aux propriétés différentes de celles de l’air et dans des conditions de pression et de température beaucoup plus élevées ou beaucoup plus basses que les conditions standards - nécessitent une caractérisation beaucoup plus approfondie, aussi bien en terme de modélisation qu’en terme de résultats expérimentaux. C’est ainsi que ici -i/ les effets des couches limites thermiques (seules les couches limites visqueuses sont habituellement retenues) sont introduits dans le modèle, ce qui amène dans le chapitre premier à une étude analytique de la diffusion thermique en parois minces (dont la portée dépasse le cadre strict du transducteur), -ii/ l’influence des orifices de l’électrode arrière sur la déformée de la membrane est traitée au départ par une méthode analytique originale, qui permet de traduire les conditions en frontière non uniformes sur la surface de l’électrode sous forme de sources locales virtuelles, associées à des conditions de frontière rendues uniformes (chapitre second), -iii/ des solutions analytiques nouvelles, dépendant à la fois des coordonnées radiales et azimutales, sont obtenues pour le champ de déplacement de la membrane et pour les champs de pression dans les cavités du microphone par usage de théories modales compatibles avec les couplages multiples qui y prennent place (troisième chapitre), -iv/ un modèle de « circuit à constantes localisées » (reporté pour l’essentiel en annexe) est proposé, à des degrés divers de précision, qui permet en particulier d’accéder de façon simple à la sensibilité et au bruit thermique du microphone (fin du quatrième chapitre), -v/ une étude au vibromètre laser à balayage a été réalisée (début du quatrième chapitre), qui permet non seulement de mettre en évidence pour la première fois les déformées de membrane complexes qui apparaissent en hautes fréquences, mais encore de les quantifier et par-delà de valider les résultats théoriques obtenus et donc les modèles proposés (même s’ils restent perfectibles comme indiqué dans la conclusion)
Condenser microphones are reciprocal transducers whose properties (sensitivity, bandwidth and reliability) make them powerful measurement tools. So far, they have been commonly used as receivers in the audible frequency range, in air at atmospheric pressure and ambient temperature, they have been appropriately characterised in this context for nearly thirty years. But nowadays, their miniaturisation (using MEMS processes) and their new use for metrological purposes (as receivers as well as transmitters) require much deeper theoretical and experimental characterisations because they require an accurate knowledge of their behaviour in high frequency ranges (up to 100 kHz), in gas mixtures, whose properties differ from those of air, and under pressure and temperature conditions much higher or much lower than standard conditions. Thus, here, -i/ the effects of the thermal boundary layers are introduced in the model (only viscous boundary layers are usually accounted for), leading, in the first chapter, to an analysis of the thermal diffusion of thin bodies (whose scope is beyond the strict frame of capacitive transducers), ii/ the influence of the holes in the backing electrode on the dynamic behaviour of the membrane is initially handled with an original analytical method which allows expressing the non-uniform boundary conditions at the surface of the backing electrode as fictitious localised sources associated to uniform boundary conditions (second chapter), -iii/ new analytical solutions, depending both on the radial and azimuthal coordinates, for the pressure field and for the displacement field inside the cavities behind the membrane are expressed using modal theories in agreement with the strong couplings which occur between the different parts of the transducer (chapter three), -iv/ "lumped element circuits", which are more or less approximated (presented in the Appendix), more particularly result in expressing and assessing the sensitivity and the thermal noise (end of chapter three), -v/ experimental results, obtained from measurements of the displacement field of the membrane using a laser scanning vibrometer, both highlight and quantify for the first time the complex behaviour of the membrane in the highest frequency range, and finally lead to the validation of the theoretical results and therefore, the models presented here (even if the latter may still be improved as outlined in the conclusion)
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Huang, Hsin-Yi, and 黃馨儀. "Investigation of Ionic Properties of Liquid Crystal and Polyimide-alignment Layers in Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Cells." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/mcn8a9.

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碩士
國立交通大學
影像與生醫光電研究所
103
In this thesis, we have studied ionic effects within rubbed-ITO-aligned and rubbed polyimide(PI)-aligned twisted nematic(TN)liquid crystal(LC)cells using a same nematic LC mixture. In our experiments, we have used heterodyne-phase-measurement method, and a LCR meter to measure the TN cells containing the same nematic LC mixture. The analytic equations were based on the ion generation and transport equations developed by T.-C. Chieu and K.-H. Yang for the investigation of ionic properties in ferroelectric LC cells. The ionic physical parameters of high-ionization-rate(HIR)and low-ionization-rate(LIR)impurities within the TN LC mixture and PI alignment layers were obtained by fitting experimental data to analytic equations. We have derived HIR and LIR ion concentrations, ionic mobility and activation energies of ions from ionic impurities in the TN LC mixture, and PI alignment layers. Good agreements between experimental results and theoretical analyses have been demonstrated. The results of our investigation have shown that both HIR and LIR ions existed in the rubbed-ITO-and rubbed-PI-aligned TN cells containing the same nematic LC mixture. The derived HIR and LIR ionic properties were different between the rubbed-ITO -aligned and the rubbed-PI-aligned TN cells implying that the PI alignment layers have contributed a substantial amount of ions for the latter. The methods reported in this thesis can explain the phenomenon of field-driven net mobile ions accumulated at the interfaces between the LC mixture and the PI alignment layers of the TN cell. With further investigations, we hope to apply our results to the identifications and reductions of ion generating chemical species within TN cells to improve the quality of TN LC displays.
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Shiu, Siao-Ching, and 徐曉晴. "Investigation of Ionic Phenomena in the LC Mixtures and Rubbed Polyimide Aligned Layers of Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Cells." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72441659321750987486.

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碩士
國立交通大學
影像與生醫光電研究所
101
Ion concentration, mobility and activation energy in liquid crystal cells are three most important parameters to affect the display qualities of LCDs in terms of threshold voltage, gray-level shift, charge holding ratio, flickers, image-sticking, and Mura. In this thesis, we, first, measured the phase relaxation of a TN cell under low-frequency voltage square wave at an amplitude equal to the middle gray level of the TN sample aligned by rubbed polyimide (PI) films at different temperatures to find out if the dominant ionic species are from the LC mixture (DMR, Depressed Molecular Reorientation) or from the PI layers (EMR, Enhanced Molecular Reorientation). Then, we used our newly developed methods to measure and analyze the data of voltage-holding-ratios (VHRs) of DMR and EMR TN cells at different temperatures to determine the ion concentration, the mobility and the activation energies of ion-dissociation rate of high-ionization-rate (HIR) and low-ionization-rate (LIR) impurities where the dominant ions were either from the LC mixture or PI layers of the TN cell. In the case that dominant ions were from the LC mixture of the TN cell, we have also determined the activation energies of ionic mobility of LIR impurities. Prior publications on the measurement of ion concentration and mobility did not distinguish ions either from HIR or LIR impurities. Our group have developed experimental and analytic methods to determine both mobility and ion concentration of HIR and LIR impurities in TN LCDs aligned by rubbed polyimide film, and found out recently that the dominant ionic species in LC mixture in a DMR sample came from impurities of low-ionization-rate(LIR). However, for the first time, we have also observed that both ions from HIR and LIR impurities existed in different DMR TN samples. We have also carried out the investigation for the case when an applied voltage of 5 V was applied to the DMR TN sample to orient the directors of LC molecules parallel to the applied electric field. However, the derived physical parameters on ions were quite different from those when 1 V was applied to the TN cell. In this thesis, we have observed and confirmed that ions from HIR and LIR impurities also existed in the rubbed PI alignment layers of TN cells exhibiting EMR behavior. For the first time in the world, we have successfully extended our methods of measurements and analyses to solve the EMR cases where the dominant ions are from the polyimide alignment layers of the TN cell. We have no knowledge where theses HIR and LIR impurities in the rubbed PI films came from. But we believe that, by applying our experimental and analytical methods reported in this thesis to investigate the TN cells made of LC mixtures of different concentration of key components and/or different PI material and process, we may find out the origins and the chemical structures of ions from HIR and LIR impurities existing in these EMR and DMR TN samples. The results of further investigation will lead us to develop PI alignment layers and LC mixtures without HIR and LIR impurities, and ultimately, the realization of low-power-consumption, high-display-quality TFT-LCDs free of flickers and image-sticking.
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Chang, Ueinn-chang, and 張原彰. "A system for high sensitivity measurement of twisted nematic liquid crystal display cell gap by using a photo-elastic modulator." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58126896303547303290.

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Tu, Li-Ping, and 杜麗萍. "High-Sensitivity Planar Si-Based MSM Photodetector with Very Thin Amorphous Silicon-Alloy Quantum-Well-Like Barrier Layers." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96627656920503519878.

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碩士
國立中央大學
電機工程研究所
91
Abstract The planar Si-based metal-semiconductor-metal photodetectors (MSM-PDs) with a-Si:H/a-SiC:H (or a-Si:H/a-SiGe:H) multi-layers to reduce device dark current had been studied. For the ones with a-Si:H/a-SiC:H multi-layers, their sensitivity could be enhanced very effectively. Under a very weak incident light power (0.5 μW) and with a 4 V bias-voltage, the device photo- to dark- current ratio (Ip/Id) could be 103 times higher than that of the previously reported one. Also, the average full-width-at-half-maximum (FWHM) and fall-time of the device temporal response were 68.18 and 294.7 ps, respectively, as measured with a periodic 0.83μm 60 ps light pulse and a 10 V bias-voltage. Comparing to the previously reported various Si-based PDs, this device exhibited significant improvements in device sensitivity and temporal-response due to the employed quantum-well-like amorphous silicon-alloy barrier layers. Moreover, the Si-based MSM-PDs with a-Si:H/a-SiGe:H multi-layers also had been investigated. The effects of multi-layer thickness and structure, and H2-plasma treatment of a-SiGe:H films on device performances had been studied also.
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Books on the topic "Sensitivity of nematic layers"

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Plesniak, M. W. Sensitivity of the structure of untripped mixing layers to small changes in initial conditions. Stanford, CA: Stanford University, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics ; [Washington, DC, 1992.

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Plesniak, M. W. Sensitivity of the structure of untripped mixing layers to small changes in initial conditions. Stanford, CA: Stanford University, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics ; [Washington, DC, 1992.

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Hayazawa, Norihiko, and Prabhat Verma. Nanoanalysis of materials using near-field Raman spectroscopy. Edited by A. V. Narlikar and Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533053.013.10.

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This article describes the use of tip-enhanced near-field Raman spectroscopy for the characterization of materials at the nanoscale. Tip-enhanced near-field Raman spectroscopy utilizes a metal-coated sharp tip and is based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Instead of the large surface enhancement from the metallic surface in SERS, the sharp metal coated tip in the tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) provides nanoscaled surface enhancement only from the sample molecules in the close vicinity of the tip-apex, making it a perfect technique for nanoanalysis of materials. This article focuses on near-field analysis of some semiconducting nanomaterials and some carbon nanostructures. It first considers SERS analysis of strained silicon and TERS analysis of epsilon-Si and GaN thin layers before explaining how to improve TERS sensitivity and control the polarization in detection for crystalline materials. It also discusses ways of improving the spatial resolution in TERS.
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Book chapters on the topic "Sensitivity of nematic layers"

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Currie, P. K., and F. M. Leslie. "Static Shear Layers in Nematic Liquid Crystals." In The Breadth and Depth of Continuum Mechanics, 595–607. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61634-1_28.

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Margaritis, Athanasios T., Taraneh Sayadi, Olaf Marxen, and Peter J. Schmid. "Sensitivity of Reacting Hypersonic Boundary Layers to n-periodic Surface Roughness." In IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition, 599–612. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_52.

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Demirov, Encho, Mohammed A. Latif, and Vasile Diaconu. "Physical Processes of Surface-Deep Layers Exchange in the Black Sea." In Sensitivity to Change: Black Sea, Baltic Sea and North Sea, 285–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5758-2_23.

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Sendova-Vassileva, M., M. Nikolaeva, O. Angelov, A. Vutchkov, D. Dimova-Malinovska, and J. C. Pivin. "Application Of SiO2:Re Layers For Improvement Of The UV Sensitivity Of a-Si:H Solar Cells." In Photovoltaic and Photoactive Materials — Properties, Technology and Applications, 329–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0632-3_33.

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Ino, S., S. Hasegawa, H. Matsumoto, and H. Daimon. "High Sensitivity Detection of a Few Atomic Layers of Adsorbate by RHEED-TRAXS (Total Reflection Angle X-Ray Spectroscopy)." In Springer Series in Surface Sciences, 334–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73343-7_55.

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Albarici, A., J. A. Mann, J. B. Lando, J. Chen, H. Vithana, D. Johnson, and Masa-aki Kakimoto. "Langmuir-Blodgett Film as Alignment Layers for Nematic Liquid Crystal Displays." In Micelles, Microemulsions, and Monolayers, 543–78. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203747339-26.

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Lando, Jerome B., J. Adin Mann, Andy Chang, Chin-Jen S. Tseng, and David Johnson. "Conducting Polymers as Alignment Layers and Patterned Electrodes for Twisted Nematic Liquid Crystal Displays." In Conductive Polymers and Plastics, 254–58. Elsevier, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-188420777-8.50036-9.

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Alqassas, Ahmad. "Licensing Negative Concord Items." In A Unified Theory of Polarity Sensitivity, 107–70. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197554883.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the syntactic configurations and processes that are involved in licensing the various types of NCIs (negative concord items) in Arabic. The author argues for a revised syntactic agreement approach. In this way, the chapter explains the behavior of Arabic NCIs with extra mechanisms (positing an abstract negative operator) to explain non-strict NCIs by conceptualizing a revised inventory of abstract negation features that the various types of Arabic NCIs carry, thus partially building on and departing from analyses for Germanic languages. The coordinators laa-wala ‘neither-nor’ are conspicuous analogues of the NCI wala, which can combine with NPs to create person-NCIs such as wala-ħada ‘no body,’ in their ability to co-occur with the negative adverb maʕumrhiš ‘never’ in the CP (complementizer phrase) layers without triggering a double negation reading. A covert negative operator licenses the coordinators laa-wala as a last resort in the absence of overt licensors.
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Liu, Kunxiang, and Baoyun Wang. "Gully Identification of Debris Flow Disaster Based on Knowledge Distillation." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220043.

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Convolutional neural networks have been applied in the field of remote sensing image classification. For convolutional neural networks with shallower layers and simpler structures, the accuracy of the recognition of debris flow gully images is not ideal, while the number of layers is deeper and the structure is relatively simple. More complex neural networks often consume a lot of system resources and are difficult to deploy on the user side. Aiming at this problem, an optimized convolutional neural network method is proposed. First, through multiple sets of comparative experiments, select Resnet101 and Resnet18 models with good image classification performance; then, use the characteristics of debris flow gully images to pre-train the deeper and more complex Resnet101 model; finally, through the method of knowledge distillation, The trained “knowledge” is extracted into the Resnet18 model to achieve the effect of improving accuracy while reducing system resource occupation. Experimental data shows that after using knowledge distillation, the accuracy and sensitivity of the Resnet18 model are increased by 2.36 and 1.72 percentage points, respectively, and the image processor occupancy is reduced by 37 percentage points compared with the Resnet101 model.
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Manning, Jane. "HANS WERNER HENZE (1926–2012)Three Auden Songs (1983)." In Vocal Repertoire for the Twenty-First Century, Volume 1, 125–27. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199391028.003.0036.

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This chapter studies songs for the tenor repertoire by Hans Werner Henze. Henze’s three songs, based on texts by the poet W. H. Auden, are a key example of his fastidious and beautifully-crafted vocal writing. Henze sets these three contrasting poems with utmost sensitivity. The fast-moving texts contain layers of subtlety, couched in a concise, freely chromatic musical language which sits easily in the voice. The settings build cumulatively in proportion and weight. A tiny, poignant tribute to a dead cat leads to a powerfully intuitive, four-verse portrait of the poet Arthur Rimbaud. This is followed by a substantial love song, full of tenderness and passion, yet controlled with consummate skill. The work is written in standard notation (without bar-lines) and should prove a rewarding vehicle for singers of relatively modest attainment as well as mature artists.
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Conference papers on the topic "Sensitivity of nematic layers"

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Pasquerella, Dean A., and Ann M. Anderson. "A Comparison of Chiral Nematic and Cholesteric Thermochromic Liquid Crystals for Use in a Light Transmission Based Temperature Sensing System." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41855.

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This paper presents the results of a study performed to examine the effectiveness of several different formulations of thermochromic liquid crystal (TLC) material for use in a light transmission based temperature measurement system. We report on experiments performed on six different types of TLC material. We used a spectrophotometer to measure the percent of light transmitted through a layer of each TLC material for wavelengths from 400 to 700 nm as a function of temperature. We also applied TLC material directly onto electroluminescent lights and used a CCD camera to look at the intensity of red, green, and blue light transmitted through each layer as a function of temperature. We found that pure unsealed materials, both cholesteric and chiral nematic (non-sterol), are not suited for use in a temperature measurement system. They show little response to temperature and are difficult to work with due to their low melting point. On the other hand, the micro-encapsulated TLC slurry materials showed a large responsive range and were easier to work with than the pure materials. The chiral nematic material showed the largest sensitivity to temperature and was found to be more responsive than the cholesteric material.
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Csillag, L., I. Janossy, V. F. Kitaeva, N. Kroo, and N. N. Sobolev. "Nonlinear Total Internal Reflection In Nematic Layers." In Symposium Optika '84, edited by Gabor Lupkovics and Andras Podmaniczky. SPIE, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.942435.

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Kowerdziej, Rafal, Janusz Parka, Marek Olifierczuk, and Leszek Jaroszewicz. "Simulation of tunable metamaterial with nematic liquid crystal layers." In 2012 19th International Conference on Microwaves, Radar & Wireless Communications (MIKON 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mikon.2012.6233502.

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Derfel, Grzegorz. "Review of the one-dimensional deformations in nematic layers." In Liquid Crystals: Materials Science and Applications, edited by Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.215530.

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Krzyzanski, Dariusz, and Grzegorz Derfel. "Numerical investigations of spatially periodic deformations in selected nematic layers." In XIV Conference on Liquid Crystals, Chemistry, Physics, and Applications, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, and Jerzy Zielinski. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.472152.

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Agashkov, Alexander, Anatoliy Kovalev, and Janusz Parka. "Dynamic photorefractivity in nematic liquid crystal panels with photoconducting polymeric layers." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.581130.

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Felczak, Mariola, and Grzegorz Derfel. "Effect of ionic charge on flexoelectric deformations in planar nematic layers." In SPIE Proceedings, edited by Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.581133.

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Krzyzanski, Dariusz, and Grzegorz Derfel. "Director distribution in periodically deformed planar nematic layers subjected to magnetic field." In XIII International Conference on Liquid Crystals: Chemistry, Physics, and Applications, edited by Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, Jolanta Rutkowska, Jerzy Zielinski, and Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.385685.

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Wood, Emma L., G. W. Bradberry, P. S. Cann, and J. Roy Sambles. "Determination of azimuthal anchoring energy in grating-aligned twisted nematic liquid crystal layers." In Liquid Crystals, edited by Jolanta Rutkowska, Stanislaw J. Klosowicz, Jerzy Zielinski, and Jozef Zmija. SPIE, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.299984.

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Dumitraşcu, Leonaş, Irina Dumitraşcu, and Dana-Ortansa Dorohoi. "External Electrostatic Field Influence on the Order Parameter of Nematic Liquid Crystalline Thin Layers." In SIXTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE BALKAN PHYSICAL UNION. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2733164.

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Reports on the topic "Sensitivity of nematic layers"

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Lee, Jusang, John E. Haddock, Dario D. Batioja Alvarez, and Reyhaneh Rahbar Rastegar. Quality Control and Quality Assurance of Asphalt Mixtures Using Laboratory Rutting and Cracking Tests. Purdue University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317087.

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The main objectives of this project were to review the available balanced-mix design (BMD) methodologies, understand the I-FIT and Hamburg Wheel Tracking Test (HWTT) test methods using INDOT asphalt mixtures, and to explore the application of these tests to both a BMD approach and as performance-related Quality Control (QC) and Quality Acceptance (QA) methods. Two QA mixture specimen types, plant-mixed laboratory-compacted (PMLC) and plant-mixed field-compacted (PMFC) were used in the determination of cracking and rutting parameters. Distribution functions for the flexibility index (FI) values and rutting parameters were determined for various mixture types. The effects of specimen geometry and air voids contents on the calculated Flexibility Index (FI) and rutting parameters were investigated. The fatigue characteristics of selected asphalt mixtures were determined using the S-VECD test according to different FI levels for different conditions. A typical full-depth pavement section was implemented in FlexPAVE to explore the cracking characteristics of INDOT asphalt mixtures by investigating the relationship between the FI values of QA samples with the FlexPAVE pavement performance predictions. The FI values obtained from PMFC specimens were consistently higher than their corresponding PMLC specimens. This study also found that FI values were affected significantly by variations in specimen thickness and air voids contents, having higher FI values with higher air voids contents and thinner specimens. These observations do not agree with the general material-performance expectations that better cracking resistance is achieved with lower air voids content and thicker layers. Additionally, PG 70-22 mixtures show the lowest mean FI values followed by the PG 76-22 and 64-22 mixtures. The same order was observed from the ΔTc (asphalt binder cracking index) of INDOT’s 2017 and 2018 projects. Finally, it was found that the HWTT showed reasonable sensitivity to the different characteristics (e.g., aggregate sizes, binder types, and air voids contents) of asphalt mixtures. Mixtures containing modified asphalt binders showed better rut resistance and higher Rutting Resistance Index (RRI) than those containing unmodified binders.
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