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Journal articles on the topic 'Sensitive Questions'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 January 2023

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1

Mckie, David. "Sensitive Questions." Lancet 329, no. 8545 (June 1987): 1327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(87)90586-1.

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2

van Meter, Karl M. "Sensitive Topics and Sensitive Questions." Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 68, no. 1 (October 2000): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/075910630006800125.

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3

Wolter, Felix, and Peter Preisendörfer. "Asking Sensitive Questions." Sociological Methods & Research 42, no. 3 (August 2013): 321–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124113500474.

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4

Tourangeau, Roger, and Ting Yan. "Sensitive questions in surveys." Psychological Bulletin 133, no. 5 (2007): 859–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.5.859.

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5

KUK, ANTHONY Y. C. "Asking sensitive questions indirectly." Biometrika 77, no. 2 (1990): 436–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biomet/77.2.436.

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6

Fendrich, Michael, Adam M. Lippert, and Timothy P. Johnson. "Respondent Reactions to Sensitive Questions." Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics 2, no. 3 (September 2007): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jer.2007.2.3.31.

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We administered debriefing probes to gauge respondent discomfort in reaction to sensitive questions. These probes assessed respondents' own reactions to being asked to report on substance use (subjective discomfort), as well as their beliefs about the reaction of others (projective discomfort). We investigated whether a sample of men from the general population were more uncomfortable with questions about drug use than a sample of men who have sex with men (MSM) surveyed from the same city (Chicago). We also investigated whether those who disclosed drug use on the survey experienced higher levels of discomfort. Contrary to opinions often expressed as research ethics committee (REC) recommendations, questions about drug use do not generate much subjective discomfort. MSM did not differ from the general population with respect to subjective discomfort. General population males did, however, report higher levels of “drug specific” projective discomfort. Respondents disclosing recent drug use reported higher levels of subjective discomfort. Implications for the REC practice, researcher and REC education, and directions for future research are discussed.
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7

Castro, Rubén. "Inconsistent Respondents and Sensitive Questions." Field Methods 25, no. 3 (December 11, 2012): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1525822x12466988.

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8

Hutchinson, Paul. "Asking Sensitive Questions in Surveys." Teaching Statistics 17, no. 2 (June 1995): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9639.1995.tb00863.x.

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9

Kundert, Kenneth R. "Sensitive Questions and Randomized Response Techniques." College Mathematics Journal 20, no. 5 (November 1989): 409. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2686928.

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10

Plutzer, Eric. "Privacy, Sensitive Questions, and Informed Consent." Public Opinion Quarterly 83, S1 (2019): 169–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfz017.

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Abstract Survey science is driven to maximize data quality and reduce Total Survey Error (TSE). At the same time, survey methodologists have ethical and professional obligations to protect the privacy of respondents and ensure their capacity to provide informed consent for their participation, for data linkage, passive data collection, and the archiving of replication data. We have learned, however, that both sensitive topics and the consent process can contribute to errors of representation and errors of measurement. These compound threats to data quality that arise due to broader concerns about privacy, the intrusiveness of surveys, and the increasing number of participation requests directed to the same respondents. This article critically assesses the extant literature on these topics—including six original articles in this issue—by viewing these challenges through the lens of the TSE framework. This helps unify several distinct research programs and provides the foundation for new research and for practical innovations that will improve data quality.
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11

Chou, Winston, Kosuke Imai, and Bryn Rosenfeld. "Sensitive Survey Questions with Auxiliary Information." Sociological Methods & Research 49, no. 2 (December 11, 2017): 418–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0049124117729711.

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Scholars increasingly rely on indirect questioning techniques to reduce social desirability bias and item nonresponse for sensitive survey questions. The major drawback of these approaches, however, is their inefficiency relative to direct questioning. We show how to improve the statistical analysis of the list experiment, randomized response technique, and endorsement experiment by exploiting auxiliary information on the sensitive trait. We apply the proposed methodology to survey experiments conducted among voters in a controversial antiabortion referendum held during the 2011 Mississippi General Election. By incorporating the official county-level election results, we obtain precinct- and individual-level estimates that are more accurate than standard indirect questioning estimates and occasionally even more efficient than direct questioning. Our simulation studies shed light on the conditions under which our approach can improve the efficiency and robustness of estimates based on indirect questioning techniques. Open-source software is available for implementing the proposed methodology.
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12

Kundert, Kenneth R. "Sensitive Questions and Randomized Response Techniques." College Mathematics Journal 20, no. 5 (November 1989): 409–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07468342.1989.11973266.

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13

Venzin, Megan. "Be Mindful of Sensitive Survey Questions." Membership Management Report 16, no. 9 (August 4, 2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mmr.31560.

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14

Tourangeau, Roger, and Tom W. Smith. "Asking Sensitive Questions: The Impact of Data Collection Mode, Question Format, and Question Context." Public Opinion Quarterly 60, no. 2 (1996): 275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/297751.

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15

van Meter, Karl M. "Sensitive Topics - Sensitive Questions: Overview of the Sociological Research Literature." Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 68, no. 1 (October 2000): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/075910630006800126.

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16

Wilson, Mary. "Asking sensitive questions: accessing the ‘private’ account." Nurse Researcher 16, no. 4 (July 2009): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/nr2009.07.16.4.31.c7159.

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17

Czaja, Ronald. "Asking Sensitive Behavioral Questions in Telephone Interviews." International Quarterly of Community Health Education 8, no. 1 (April 1987): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/xt6w-31cx-td87-e643.

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This article presents the results of a small pilot study to test the feasibility of telephone interviews for collecting highly sensitive data for a study of the etiology of trophoblastic disease. The study design allowed us to compare data from telephone and face-to-face interviews. The results suggest that very sensitive information can be obtained by telephone and that respondents interviewed by telephone may be more willing to report socially proscribed behavior than respondents interviewed face-to-face. A number of unanswered issues are suggested for future research.
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18

Barnett, Julie. "Sensitive questions and response effects: an evaluation." Journal of Managerial Psychology 13, no. 1/2 (February 1998): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02683949810369138.

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19

Lagerås, Andreas, and Mathias Lindholm. "How to ask sensitive multiple‐choice questions." Scandinavian Journal of Statistics 47, no. 2 (October 23, 2019): 397–424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sjos.12411.

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20

Esponda, Fernando, and Victor M. Guerrero. "Surveys with negative questions for sensitive items." Statistics & Probability Letters 79, no. 24 (December 2009): 2456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.spl.2009.08.019.

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21

Andreenkova, A. V. "Sensitive Questions in Cross-National Comparative Surveys." Russian Social Science Review 61, no. 5 (September 2, 2020): 329–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611428.2020.1828711.

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22

Andreenkova, A. V. "Sensitive Questions in Cross-National Comparative Surveys." Russian Education & Society 61, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 17–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10609393.2019.1738783.

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23

Böckenholt, Ulf. "Modeling Motivated Misreports to Sensitive Survey Questions." Psychometrika 79, no. 3 (December 3, 2013): 515–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11336-013-9390-9.

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24

Liou, Mei-Ling Teresa, and Chen-Sheng Luther Liu. "An analysis of focus and its role in the answering systems of polar questions in Chinese and English." International Journal of Chinese Linguistics 7, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 45–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.19018.lio.

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Abstract Instead of classifying natural languages in terms of their answering systems for polar questions, this study investigates how languages construct the answering system for the polar questions with a special concentration on the answering system of the Chinese ma particle question and English polar questions. We argue that the primarily mechanism that natural languages adopt to construct an answering system is the focus mechanism which is based on the relationship between a focus sensitive marker and its association of focus. The different answering patterns to polar questions result from different scopes of focus. In a polar question, what is being focused by the focus sensitive marker or focus operator falls into question scope (focus association). The respondent answers the polar question based on the proposition in the question scope. Answering with a positive particle expresses agreement with that question proposition while answering with a negative particle conveys that the question proposition is not true.
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25

Eady, Gregory. "The Statistical Analysis of Misreporting on Sensitive Survey Questions." Political Analysis 25, no. 2 (April 2017): 241–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pan.2017.8.

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What explains why some survey respondents answer truthfully to a sensitive survey question, while others do not? This question is central to our understanding of a wide variety of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, but has remained difficult to investigate empirically due to the inherent problem of distinguishing those who are telling the truth from those who are misreporting. This article proposes a solution to this problem. It develops a method to model, within a multivariate regression context, whether survey respondents provide one response to a sensitive item in a list experiment, but answer otherwise when asked to reveal that belief openly in response to a direct question. As an empirical application, the method is applied to an original large-scale list experiment to investigate whether those on the ideological left are more likely to misreport their responses to questions about prejudice than those on the right. The method is implemented for researchers as open-source software.
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26

Barabesi, Lucio, Sara Franceschi, and Marzia Marcheselli. "A randomized response procedure for multiple-sensitive questions." Statistical Papers 53, no. 3 (February 27, 2011): 703–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00362-011-0374-5.

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27

Theiler, Nadine. "An Epistemic Bridge for Presupposition Projection in Questions." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 30 (March 2, 2021): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v30i0.4817.

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It is often assumed that presuppositions in wh-questions project universally. However, Schwarz & Simonenko (2018) note examples of such questions where universal projection is absent. I discuss their account and propose an alternative: by reasoning about the pragmatics of question-answer discourse, I arrive at a version of Stalnaker's bridge principle that is sensitive to what the speaker already knows about the true answer to the question. This Epistemic Bridge predicts universal projection for canonical information-seeking questions, but less than universal projection for certain non-canonical question uses such as quiz questions.
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28

Bell, Suzanne O., and David Bishai. "Can you repeat the question? Paradata as a lens to understand respondent experience answering cognitively demanding, sensitive questions." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 7, 2021): e0252512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252512.

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Survey researchers hope that respondents will provide high-quality data, but evidence suggests that social desirability bias may be commonplace. Social desirability can lead to significant underreporting or overreporting of sensitive behaviors. With better understanding of the cognitive processes that respondents use to prepare and deliver their responses, survey designers could hope to minimize social desirability bias or at least detect settings that lessen its impact. The primary objective of this study was to use survey paradata to understand the psychology of responding to certain types of survey questions. More specifically, we sought to determine how emotional triggering can alter response latencies to cognitively demanding and sensitive survey questions on induced abortion, which is underreported. We hypothesize that having had a prior abortion might lengthen response times to an indirect question about abortion among respondents who have experienced this sensitive reproductive outcome as they hesitate in deciding whether and how to respond to the question. Data come from a representative survey of 6,035 reproductive age women in Rajasthan, India. We used list experiment question active screen time paradata in conjunction with responses from direct questions on abortion to assess our hypothesis. Our final model was a multivariate linear regression with random effects at the level of the interviewer, including adjustments for respondent, community, and interviewer characteristics to estimate within-respondent effects. Results suggest that women who reported an abortion on the direct abortion questions took 5.11 (95% CI 0.21, 10.00) seconds longer to respond to the list experiment treatment list compared to the control list in comparison to women who did not report an abortion on the direct abortion questions. This study demonstrates the additional insights gained when focusing on response latencies to cognitively demanding questions involved in the measurement of sensitive behaviors.
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29

Näher, Anatol-Fiete, and Ivar Krumpal. "Asking sensitive questions: the impact of forgiving wording and question context on social desirability bias." Quality & Quantity 46, no. 5 (March 23, 2011): 1601–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-011-9469-2.

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30

Akbar Haghdoost, Ali, Mohammad Reza Baneshi, Sana Eybpoosh, and Razieh Khajehkazemi. "Comparison of Three Interview Methods on Response Pattern to Sensitive and Non-Sensitive Questions." Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal 15, no. 6 (June 5, 2013): 500–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/ircmj.7673.

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31

Öhberg, Patrik, and Mike Medeiros. "A sensitive question? The effect of an ethnic background question in surveys." Ethnicities 19, no. 2 (November 7, 2017): 370–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468796817740379.

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Nearly half of European countries choose not to collect data on their citizens' ethnicity. One of the reasons is related to ethnic background being, potentially, a sensitive issue. We explore this social sensitivity in relation to questions asking about respondents' ethnic background through a survey experiment that compares two multicultural and liberal democracies with different traditions related to the collection of data on residents' ethnic background: Sweden and Canada. The findings demonstrate that, when the ethnicity question produced a significant effect on survey evaluations, it was always positive. Similar results were found in both countries. Thus, we conclude that—in terms of survey methodology and the reaction of individuals to such questions—there does not exist a valid justification to omit questions on ethnic background from surveys or censuses in pluralist societies.
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32

Ibbett, Harriet, Julia P. G. Jones, and Freya A. V. St John. "Asking sensitive questions in conservation using Randomised Response Techniques." Biological Conservation 260 (August 2021): 109191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109191.

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33

Stillwell, Susan B., and Jane Greer Scott. "Sensitive Versus Specific Search Strategy to Answer Clinical Questions." Journal of Nursing Education 59, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20191223-05.

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34

Tan, Ming T., Guo-Liang Tian, and Man-Lai Tang. "Sample Surveys With Sensitive Questions: A Nonrandomized Response Approach." American Statistician 63, no. 1 (February 2009): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1198/tast.2009.0002.

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35

Tang, Man-Lai, Qin Wu, Guo-Liang Tian, and Jian-Hua Guo. "Two-sample Non Randomized Response Techniques for Sensitive Questions." Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods 43, no. 2 (December 12, 2013): 408–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03610926.2012.657323.

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36

Hart, Einav, Eric M. VanEpps, and Maurice E. Schweitzer. "The (better than expected) consequences of asking sensitive questions." Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 162 (January 2021): 136–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2020.10.014.

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37

Chang, Horng-Jinh, and Der-Hsin Liang. "A randomized response procedure for two-unrelated sensitive questions." Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 17, no. 1 (January 1996): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02522667.1996.10699272.

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38

Lehrer, Roni, Sebastian Juhl, and Thomas Gschwend. "The wisdom of crowds design for sensitive survey questions." Electoral Studies 57 (February 2019): 99–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2018.09.012.

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39

Allen, Summer, and Alan de Brauw. "Nutrition sensitive value chains: Theory, progress, and open questions." Global Food Security 16 (March 2018): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2017.07.002.

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40

Chong, Andy, Amanda Chu, Mike So, and Ray Chung. "Asking Sensitive Questions Using the Randomized Response Approach in Public Health Research: An Empirical Study on the Factors of Illegal Waste Disposal." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 6 (March 18, 2019): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060970.

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A survey study is a research method commonly used to quantify population characteristics in biostatistics and public health research, two fields that often involve sensitive questions. However, if answering sensitive questions could cause social undesirability, respondents may not provide honest responses to questions that are asked directly. To mitigate the response distortion arising from dishonest answers to sensitive questions, the randomized response technique (RRT) is a useful and effective statistical method. However, research has seldom addressed how to apply the RRT in public health research using an online survey with multiple sensitive questions. Thus, we help fill this research gap by employing an innovative unrelated question design method. To illustrate how the RRT can be implemented in a multivariate analysis setting, we conducted a survey study to examine the factors affecting the intention of illegal waste disposal. This study demonstrates an application of the RRT to investigate the factors affecting people’s intention of illegal waste disposal. The potential factors of the intention were adopted from the theory of planned behavior and the general deterrence theory, and a self-administered online questionnaire was employed to collect data. Using the RRT, a covariance matrix was extracted for examining the hypothesized model via structural equation modeling. The survey results show that people’s attitude toward the behavior and their perceived behavioral control significantly positively affect their intention. This paper is useful for showing researchers and policymakers how to conduct surveys in environmental or public health related research that involves multiple sensitive questions.
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41

Donovan-Kicken, Erin, Joseph McGlynn, and Jane C. H. Damron. "When Friends Deflect Questions about Sensitive Information: Questioners’ Cognitive Complexity and Explanations for Friends’ Avoidance." Western Journal of Communication 76, no. 2 (March 2012): 127–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2011.653856.

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42

Chua, Alton Y. K., and Snehasish Banerjee. "The topic of terrorism on Yahoo! Answers: questions, answers and users’ anonymity." Aslib Journal of Information Management 72, no. 1 (December 19, 2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajim-08-2019-0204.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of community question answering sites (CQAs) on the topic of terrorism. Three research questions are investigated: what are the dominant themes reflected in terrorism-related questions? How do answer characteristics vary with question themes? How does users’ anonymity relate to question themes and answer characteristics? Design/methodology/approach Data include 300 questions that attracted 2,194 answers on the community question answering Yahoo! Answers. Content analysis was employed. Findings The questions reflected the community’s information needs ranging from the life of extremists to counter-terrorism policies. Answers were laden with negative emotions reflecting hate speech and Islamophobia, making claims that were rarely verifiable. Users who posted sensitive content generally remained anonymous. Practical implications This paper raises awareness of how CQAs are used to exchange information about sensitive topics such as terrorism. It calls for governments and law enforcement agencies to collaborate with major social media companies to develop a process for cross-platform blacklisting of users and content, as well as identifying those who are vulnerable. Originality/value Theoretically, it contributes to the academic discourse on terrorism in CQAs by exploring the type of questions asked, and the sort of answers they attract. Methodologically, the paper serves to enrich the literature around terrorism and social media that has hitherto mostly drawn data from Facebook and Twitter.
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43

Yuzva, L. L. "Questions of a sociological form: questioning techniques vs. sensitivity." Ukrainian society 25, no. 2 (July 10, 2008): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/socium2008.02.080.

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The article presents the description and results of the study based on the experimentation with questioning procedures for sensitive questions. In particular, the technique of loading of a question by such an element as the important cause characterized as socially desirable.
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44

Reinhardt, Karoline. "Diversity-sensitive social platforms and responsibility." Információs Társadalom 21, no. 2 (June 1, 2021): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22503/inftars.xxi.2021.2.4.

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There is an ongoing debate on how algorithms and machine learning can and should deal with human diversity while avoiding the pitfalls of statistical stereotyping, the re-enforcement of clichés and the perpetuation of unjust discrimination. Computer scientists try to tackle these issues by developing algorithms and social-interaction protocols for mediating diversity-aware interactions between people, for instance on diversity-sensitive social platforms. At the same time, diversity-related data often comprise sensitive personal data, and their collection, storage and management increases the vulnerability of users to various misuse scenarios. Already this observation leads to the question, how do we need to conceptualize responsibility to do justice to the increased vulnerability? In this paper, I thus focus on the questions a diversity-sensitive social platform raises with regard to responsibility, and propose a tentative ethical framework of responsibility for these platforms.
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45

Hoffmann, Adrian, Julia Meisters, and Jochen Musch. "Nothing but the truth? Effects of faking on the validity of the crosswise model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 29, 2021): e0258603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258603.

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In self-reports, socially desirable responding threatens the validity of prevalence estimates for sensitive personal attitudes and behaviors. Indirect questioning techniques such as the crosswise model attempt to control for the influence of social desirability bias. The crosswise model has repeatedly been found to provide more valid prevalence estimates than direct questions. We investigated whether crosswise model estimates are also less susceptible to deliberate faking than direct questions. To this end, we investigated the effect of “fake good” instructions on responses to direct and crosswise model questions. In a sample of 1,946 university students, 12-month prevalence estimates for a sensitive road traffic behavior were higher and thus presumably more valid in the crosswise model than in a direct question. Moreover, “fake good” instructions severely impaired the validity of the direct questioning estimates, whereas the crosswise model estimates were unaffected by deliberate faking. Participants also reported higher levels of perceived confidentiality and a lower perceived ease of faking in the crosswise model compared to direct questions. Our results corroborate previous studies finding the crosswise model to be an effective tool for counteracting the detrimental effects of positive self-presentation in surveys on sensitive issues.
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46

Amano, Keiko. "Questions for health examination from gender-sensitive point of view." Health Evaluation and Promotion 40, no. 6 (2013): 613–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7143/jhep.40.613.

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47

Tan, Ming T., Man-Lai Tang, Guo-Liang Tian, and Kam Chuen Yuen. "Bayesian non-randomized response models for surveys with sensitive questions." Statistics and Its Interface 2, no. 1 (2009): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4310/sii.2009.v2.n1.a2.

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48

Trappmann, M., I. Krumpal, A. Kirchner, and B. Jann. "Item Sum: A New Technique for Asking Quantitative Sensitive Questions." Journal of Survey Statistics and Methodology 2, no. 1 (December 4, 2013): 58–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jssam/smt019.

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49

Kirchner, Antje. "Validating Sensitive Questions: A Comparison of Survey and Register Data." Journal of Official Statistics 31, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 31–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jos-2015-0002.

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Abstract This article explores the randomized response technique (RRT) - to be specific, a symmetric forced-choice implementation - as a means of improving the quality of survey data collected on receipt of basic income support. Because the sampled persons in this study were selected from administrative records, the proportion of respondents who have received transfer payments for basic income support, and thus the proportion of respondents who should have reported receipt is known. The article addresses two research questions: First, it assesses whether the proportion of socially undesirable responses (indication of receipt of transfer payments) can be increased by applying the RRT. Estimates obtained in the RRT condition are compared to those from direct questioning, as well as to the known true prevalence. Such administrative record data are rare in the literature on sensitive questions and provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the ‘more-is-better’ assumption. Second, using multivariate analyses, mechanisms contributing to response accuracy are analyzed for one of the subsamples. The main results can be summarized as follows: reporting accuracy of welfare benefit receipt cannot be increased using this particular variant of the RRT. Further, there is only weak evidence that the RRT elicits more accurate information compared to direct questioning in specific subpopulations.
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50

Corstange, Daniel. "Sensitive Questions, Truthful Answers? Modeling the List Experiment with LISTIT." Political Analysis 17, no. 1 (2009): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pan/mpn013.

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Standard estimation procedures assume that empirical observations are accurate reflections of the true values of the dependent variable, but this assumption is dubious when modeling self-reported data on sensitive topics. List experiments (a.k.a. item count techniques) can nullify incentives for respondents to misrepresent themselves to interviewers, but current data analysis techniques are limited to difference-in-means tests. I present a revised procedure and statistical estimator called LISTIT that enable multivariate modeling of list experiment data. Monte Carlo simulations and a field test in Lebanon explore the behavior of this estimator.
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