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1

Torres-Jara, Eduardo, and Lorenzo Natale. "Sensitive Manipulation: Manipulation Through Tactile Feedback." International Journal of Humanoid Robotics 15, no. 01 (February 2018): 1850012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219843618500123.

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Object grasping and manipulation in robotics has been largely approached using visual feedback. Human studies on the other hand have demonstrated the importance of tactile and force feedback to guide the interaction between the fingers and the objects. Inspired by these observations, we propose an approach that consists in guiding a robot’s actions mainly by tactile feedback, with remote sensing such as vision, used only as a complement. Directly sensing the interaction forces between the object, the environment, and the robot’s hand enables it to obtain information relevant to the task that can be used to perform it more reliably. This approach (that we call sensitive manipulation) requires important changes in the hardware and in the way the robot is programmed. At the hardware level, we exploit compliant actuators and novel sensors that allow to safely interact and detect the environment. We developed strategies to perform manipulation tasks that take advantage of these new sensing and actuation capabilities. In this paper, we demonstrate that using these strategies the humanoid robot Obrero can safely find, reach and grab unknown objects that are neither held in place by a fixture nor placed in a specific orientation. The robot can also make insertions by “feeling” the hole without specialized mechanisms such as a remote center of compliance (RCC).
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Jin Wang, Jin Wang, Shuang Wang Shuang Wang, Ranjan Singh Ranjan Singh, and Weili Zhang Weili Zhang. "Metamaterial inspired terahertz devices: from ultra-sensitive sensing to near field manipulation." Chinese Optics Letters 11, no. 1 (2013): 011602–11606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201311.011602.

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3

Smith, J. D. "The manipulation of air-sensitive compounds." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 321, no. 3 (April 1987): C34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(87)80317-0.

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4

Brunet, Richard, and André Cyr. "Effet du stress de la manipulation sur le comportement du Carouge à épaulettes (Agelaius phoeniceus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 6 (June 1, 1990): 1168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-173.

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We studied the behavioural effect of increasing the frequency of handling in Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus), a species that is weight sensitive to captivity. Manipulations consisted in weighing groups of birds every 1, 3, 6, and 9 days, and measuring their food consumption, activity level, and behaviour. Results show that the more frequently the birds are manipulated, the less active they become, the less food they consume, and the more weight they lose. On the day of the manipulation, all birds reacted similarly, regardless of the frequency of manipulation for their group. They remained inactive for extended periods of time after being manipulated, probably because of the stress induced. The next day, they fed as much or more than the day before the manipulation. The longer the time interval between manipulations, the better their weight recovery. If stresses were at too close a time interval from one another, the birds constantly lost weight. Spacing manipulations, whatever they are, would be a reasonable solution to avoid the expression of disturbed behaviours and the loss of weight in captive wild birds used in behavioral studies.
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Chang, Yan, Daxiu Wei, Steffen J. Glaser, and Xiaodong Yang. "Optimized Phase-Sensitive Inversion Recovery for MRI Contrast Manipulation." Applied Magnetic Resonance 46, no. 2 (January 9, 2015): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00723-014-0629-0.

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Wang, Xianyou, Yanmeng Dai, Yuquan Zhang, Changjun Min, and Xiaocong Yuan. "Plasmonic Manipulation of Targeted Metallic Particles by Polarization-Sensitive Metalens." ACS Photonics 5, no. 7 (May 18, 2018): 2945–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00282.

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Liu, Changlong, Lei Du, Weiwei Tang, Dacheng Wei, Jinhua Li, Lin Wang, Gang Chen, Xiaoshuang Chen, and Wei Lu. "Towards sensitive terahertz detection via thermoelectric manipulation using graphene transistors." NPG Asia Materials 10, no. 4 (April 2018): 318–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41427-018-0032-7.

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Iwata, Futoshi, Yuya Mizuguchi, Kousuke Ozawa, and Tatuo Ushiki. "Operation of Self-Sensitive Cantilever in Liquid for Multiprobe Manipulation." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 49, no. 8 (August 20, 2010): 08LB14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.49.08lb14.

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Zhang, Tianyue, Xuewei Li, Jian Xu, Xiaoming Zhang, Zi-Lan Deng, and Xiangping Li. "Subwavelength Silicon Nanoblocks for Directional Emission Manipulation." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (June 26, 2020): 1242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061242.

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Manipulating the light emission direction and boosting its directivity have essential importance in integrated nanophotonic devices. Here, we theoretically propose a single dielectric silicon nanoblock as an efficient, multifunctional and ultracompact all-dielectric nanoantenna to direct light into a preferential direction. Unidirectional scattering of a plane wave as well as switchable directive emission fed by a localized emitter are demonstrated within the nanoantenna. The high directionalities are revealed to originate from a variety of mechanisms that can coexist within a single nanoblock, which contribute to the far-field radiation patterns of the outcoming light, thanks to the wealth of multipolar electric and magnetic resonances. The efficient beam redirections are also observed, which are sensitive to the local configurations of the emitter antenna coupled system. The designed antenna, with extreme geometry simplicity, ultracompact and low-loss features, could be favorable for highly sensitive sensing as well as applications in optical nanocircuits.
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Um, Dugan, and Dongseok Ryu. "Safe manipulation in unknown, crowded environments via sensor-based interleaving planner: interleaving software and sensitive skin hardware." Robotica 35, no. 5 (February 11, 2016): 1176–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574715001101.

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SUMMARYAs various robots are anticipated to coexist with humans in the near future, safe manipulation in unknown, cluttered environments becomes an important issue. Manipulation in an unknown environment, however, has been proven to be NP-Hard and the risk of unexpected human--robot collision hampers the dawning of the era of human--robot coexistence. We propose a non-contact-based sensitive skin as a means to provide safe manipulation hardware and interleaving planning between the workspace and the configuration space as software to solve manipulation problems in unknown, crowded environments. Novelty of the paper resides in demonstration of real time and yet complete path planning in an uncertain and crowded environment. To that end, we introduce the framework of the sensor-based interleaving planner (SBIP) whereby search completeness and safe manipulation are both guaranteed in cluttered environments. We study an interleaving mechanism between sensation in a workspace and execution in the corresponding configuration space for real-time planning in uncertain environments, thus the name interleaving planner implies.Applications of the proposed system include manipulators of a humanoid robot, surgical manipulators, and robotic manipulators working in hazardous and uncertain environments such as underwater, unexplored planets, and unstructured indoor spaces.
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Kolev, Spas D., Paula R. L. V. Fernandes, Dalibor Satinsky, and Petr Solich. "Highly sensitive gas-diffusion sequential injection analysis based on flow manipulation." Talanta 79, no. 4 (September 15, 2009): 1021–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2009.02.014.

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12

Quiring, Wadim, Björn Jonas, Jens Förstner, Ashish K. Rai, Dirk Reuter, Andreas D. Wieck, and Artur Zrenner. "Phase sensitive properties and coherent manipulation of a photonic crystal microcavity." Optics Express 24, no. 18 (August 30, 2016): 20672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.020672.

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Gomez, Virginia, Alberto Clemente, Silvia Irusta, Francisco Balas, and Jesus Santamaria. "Identification of TiO2 nanoparticles using La and Ce as labels: application to the evaluation of surface contamination during the handling of nanosized matter." Environ. Sci.: Nano 1, no. 5 (2014): 496–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4en00060a.

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14

Markovich, Hen, Ivan I. Shishkin, Netta Hendler, and Pavel Ginzburg. "Optical Manipulation along an Optical Axis with a Polarization Sensitive Meta-Lens." Nano Letters 18, no. 8 (June 27, 2018): 5024–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b01844.

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15

Misra, Dipendra K., Jaeyong Sung, Kevin Lee, and Ashutosh Saxena. "Tell me Dave: Context-sensitive grounding of natural language to manipulation instructions." International Journal of Robotics Research 35, no. 1-3 (November 12, 2015): 281–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0278364915602060.

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Zhang, Boning, John Victor Napoleon, Xin Liu, Qian Luo, Madduri Srinivasarao, and Philip S. Low. "Sensitive manipulation of CAR T cell activity using a chimeric endocytosing receptor." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, no. 2 (October 2020): e000756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-000756.

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BackgroundMost adoptive cell therapies (ACTs) suffer from an inability to control the therapeutic cell’s behavior following its transplantation into a patient. Thus, efforts to inhibit, activate, differentiate or terminate an ACT after patient reinfusion can be futile, because the required drug adversely affects other cells in the patient.MethodsWe describe here a two domain fusion receptor composed of a ligand-binding domain linked to a recycling domain that allows constitutive internalization and trafficking of the fusion receptor back to the cell surface. Because the ligand-binding domain is designed to bind a ligand not normally present in humans, any drug conjugated to this ligand will bind and endocytose selectively into the ACT.ResultsIn two embodiments of our strategy, we fuse the chronically endocytosing domain of human folate receptor alpha to either a murine scFv that binds fluorescein or human FK506 binding protein that binds FK506, thereby creating a fusion receptor composed of largely human components. We then create the ligand-targeted drug by conjugating any desired drug to either fluorescein or FK506, thereby generating a ligand-drug conjugate with ~10-9 M affinity for its fusion receptor. Using these tools, we demonstrate that CAR T cell activities can be sensitively tuned down or turned off in vitro as well as tightly controlled following their reinfusion into tumor-bearing mice.ConclusionsWe suggest this ‘chimeric endocytosing receptor’ can be exploited to manipulate not only CAR T cells but other ACTs following their reinfusion into patients. With efforts to develop ACTs to treat diseases including diabetes, heart failure, osteoarthritis, cancer and sickle cell anemia accelerating, we argue an ability to manipulate ACT activities postinfusion will be important.
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Peng, Ying, Fang Yang, Xiaolong Li, Bingying Jiang, Ruo Yuan, and Yun Xiang. "DNA branch migration amplification cascades for enzyme-free and non-label aptamer sensing of mucin 1." Analyst 145, no. 18 (2020): 6085–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0an01324b.

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18

Smith, Kevin R., I.-Hui Hsieh, Kourosh Saberi, and Gregory Hickok. "Auditory Spatial and Object Processing in the Human Planum Temporale: No Evidence for Selectivity." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 22, no. 4 (April 2010): 632–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21196.

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Although it is generally acknowledged that at least two processing streams exist in the primate cortical auditory system, the function of the posterior dorsal stream is a topic of much debate. Recent studies have reported selective activation to auditory spatial change in portions of the human planum temporale (PT) relative to nonspatial stimuli such as pitch changes or complex acoustic patterns. However, previous work has suggested that the PT may be sensitive to another kind of nonspatial variable, namely, the number of auditory objects simultaneously presented in the acoustic signal. The goal of the present fMRI experiment was to assess whether any portion of the PT showed spatial selectivity relative to manipulations of the number of auditory objects presented. Spatially sensitive regions in the PT were defined by comparing activity associated with listening to an auditory object (speech from a single talker) that changed location with one that remained stationary. Activity within these regions was then examined during a nonspatial manipulation: increasing the number of objects (talkers) from one to three. The nonspatial manipulation modulated activity within the “spatial” PT regions. No region within the PT was found to be selective for spatial or object processing. We suggest that previously documented spatial sensitivity in the PT reflects auditory source separation using spatial cues rather than spatial processing per se.
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Xiao, Ruihan, Xiuling Man, Beixing Duan, and Tijiu Cai. "Short-Term Litter Manipulations have Strong Impact on Soil Nitrogen Dynamics in Larix gmelinii Forest of Northeast China." Forests 11, no. 11 (November 16, 2020): 1205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11111205.

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Changes in above-ground litterfall can influence below-ground biogeochemical processes in forests, which substantially impacts soil nitrogen (N) and nutrient cycling. However, how these soil processes respond to the litter manipulation is complex and poorly understood, especially in the N-limiting boreal forest. We aimed to examine how soil N dynamics respond to litter manipulations in a boreal larch forest. A litter manipulation experiment including control, litter exclusion, and litter addition was performed in the Larix gmelinii forest on the north of the Daxing’an Mountains in China. Monthly soil inorganic N, microbial biomass and the rate of net N mineralization in both 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm layers, and N2O flux were analyzed from May 2018 to October 2018. In 0–20 cm soil layer the average soil inorganic N contents, microbial biomass N (MBN) contents, the rate of net N mineralization (Rmin), and the soil N2O emission in the litter addition plot were approximately 40.58%, 54.16%, 128.57%, and 38.52% greater, respectively than those in the control. While litter exclusion reduced those indexes about 29.04%, 19.84%, 80.98%, and 31.45%, respectively. Compared with the dynamics of the 10–20 cm soil layer, the N dynamics in 0–10 cm soil were more sensitive to litter manipulation. Rmin and N2O emissions were significantly correlated with MBN in most cases. Our results highlight the short-term effects of litter manipulations on soil N dynamics, which suggests that the influence of litter on soil N process should be considered in the future defoliation management of the boreal larch forest.
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Zhang, Wei Li, Xin Jie Li, Shan Shan Wang, Chu Yuan Zheng, Xiao Feng Li, and Yun Jiang Rao. "Polaritonic manipulation based on the spin-selective optical Stark effect in the WS2 and Tamm plasmon hybrid structure." Nanoscale 11, no. 10 (2019): 4571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr09091b.

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Huang, Mao-Yong, Xu-Bing Li, Yu-Ji Gao, Jian Li, Hao-Lin Wu, Li-Ping Zhang, Chen-Ho Tung, and Li-Zhu Wu. "Surface stoichiometry manipulation enhances solar hydrogen evolution of CdSe quantum dots." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 6, no. 14 (2018): 6015–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ta00385h.

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22

Davare, Marco, Pranav J. Parikh, and Marco Santello. "Sensorimotor uncertainty modulates corticospinal excitability during skilled object manipulation." Journal of Neurophysiology 121, no. 4 (April 1, 2019): 1162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00800.2018.

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Sensorimotor memory built through previous hand-object interactions allows subjects to plan grasp forces. The memory-based mechanism is particularly effective when contact points on the object do not change across multiple manipulations, thus allowing subjects to generate the same forces in a feedforward fashion. However, allowing subjects to choose where to grasp an object causes trial-to-trial variability in fingertip positioning, suggesting a decreased ability to predict where the object will be grasped. In this scenario, subjects modulate forces on a trial-to-trial basis as a function of fingertip positioning. We suggested that this fingertip force-to-position modulation could be implemented by transforming feedback of digit placement into an accurate distribution of fingertip forces. Thus, decreasing certainty of fingertip position on an object would cause a shift from predominantly memory- to feedback-based force control mechanisms. To gain further insight into these sensorimotor transformation mechanisms, we asked subjects to grasp and lift an object with an asymmetrical center of mass while preventing it from tilting. To isolate the effect of digit placement uncertainty, we designed two experimental conditions that differed in terms of predictability of fingertip position but had similar average fingertip positioning and force distribution. We measured corticospinal excitability to probe possible changes in sensorimotor processing associated with digit placement uncertainty. We found a differential effect of sensorimotor uncertainty after but not before object contact. Our results suggest that sensorimotor integration is rapidly tuned after object contact based on different processing demands for memory versus feedback mechanisms underlying the control of manipulative forces. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The relative contribution of predictive and feedback mechanisms for scaling digit forces to position during dexterous manipulation depends on the predictability of where the object will be grasped. We found that corticospinal excitability shortly after contact was sensitive to digit position predictability. This supports the proposition that distinct sensorimotor integration processes are engaged, depending on the role of feedback about digit placement versus sensorimotor memory in controlling manipulative forces.
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Ma, Qun, Wen Gang Qin, and Shi Liang Ma. "Portable Position Sensitive Detector with Outdoor Environment Resolution." Advanced Materials Research 482-484 (February 2012): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.482-484.767.

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This paper presents the design of a portable optical PSD (Position Sensing Detector) for application in outdoor environment. The system is able to measure changes in the position of a light spot emitted by a usual laser device (635-1000nm wavelength) in outdoor environment. A piece of frosted glass is employed as the target to show the light spot, and a narrow-band filter and 1% neutral filter are adopted to reduce the interference from sunlight. The paper uses a pinhole camera to reduce the device volume, but lens distortion with off-the-shelf cameras is significant. The image manipulation circuit corrects the distortion, and displays the light spot center position.
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Kadem, Mason, Björn Herrmann, Jennifer M. Rodd, and Ingrid S. Johnsrude. "Pupil Dilation Is Sensitive to Semantic Ambiguity and Acoustic Degradation." Trends in Hearing 24 (January 2020): 233121652096406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2331216520964068.

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Speech comprehension is challenged by background noise, acoustic interference, and linguistic factors, such as the presence of words with more than one meaning (homonyms and homophones). Previous work suggests that homophony in spoken language increases cognitive demand. Here, we measured pupil dilation—a physiological index of cognitive demand—while listeners heard high-ambiguity sentences, containing words with more than one meaning, or well-matched low-ambiguity sentences without ambiguous words. This semantic-ambiguity manipulation was crossed with an acoustic manipulation in two experiments. In Experiment 1, sentences were masked with 30-talker babble at 0 and +6 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and in Experiment 2, sentences were heard with or without a pink noise masker at –2 dB SNR. Speech comprehension was measured by asking listeners to judge the semantic relatedness of a visual probe word to the previous sentence. In both experiments, comprehension was lower for high- than for low-ambiguity sentences when SNRs were low. Pupils dilated more when sentences included ambiguous words, even when no noise was added (Experiment 2). Pupil also dilated more when SNRs were low. The effect of masking was larger than the effect of ambiguity for performance and pupil responses. This work demonstrates that the presence of homophones, a condition that is ubiquitous in natural language, increases cognitive demand and reduces intelligibility of speech heard with a noisy background.
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SKACHEK, SERGEY, ANDREW ADAMATZKY, and CHRIS MELHUISH. "MANIPULATING PLANAR SHAPES WITH A LIGHT-SENSITIVE EXCITABLE MEDIUM: COMPUTATIONAL STUDIES OF CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEMS." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 16, no. 08 (August 2006): 2333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127406016094.

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We study how to employ space-time dynamics in nonlinear media to achieve distributed manipulation of objects — positioning, orienting and transporting objects by wave-fronts and patterns in excitable medium. We present the results of computational experiments of a massive parallel actuator controlled by a cellular-automaton model of an excitable medium. The model incorporates closed-loop actuation where sites of the medium can be excited not only by their closest neighbors but also by the edges of the manipulated object. We analyze motion of basic planar shapes (either initially aligned along axes or randomly oriented) induced by an actuator controlled by excitable lattice with various excitation rules. We demonstrate that space-time excitation dynamics in discrete nonlinear media bears a huge potential in terms of sensible nontrivial manipulation of planar shapes.
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Parikh, Pranav J., Justin M. Fine, and Marco Santello. "Dexterous Object Manipulation Requires Context-Dependent Sensorimotor Cortical Interactions in Humans." Cerebral Cortex 30, no. 5 (December 14, 2019): 3087–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhz296.

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Abstract Dexterous object manipulation is a hallmark of human evolution and a critical skill for everyday activities. A previous work has used a grasping context that predominantly elicits memory-based control of digit forces by constraining where the object should be grasped. For this “constrained” grasping context, the primary motor cortex (M1) is involved in storage and retrieval of digit forces used in previous manipulations. In contrast, when choice of digit contact points is allowed (“unconstrained” grasping), behavioral studies revealed that forces are adjusted, on a trial-to-trial basis, as a function of digit position. This suggests a role of online feedback of digit position for force control. However, despite the ubiquitous nature of unconstrained hand–object interactions in activities of daily living, the underlying neural mechanisms are unknown. Using noninvasive brain stimulation, we found the role of primary motor cortex (M1) and somatosensory cortex (S1) to be sensitive to grasping context. In constrained grasping, M1 but not S1 is involved in storing and retrieving learned digit forces and position. In contrast, in unconstrained grasping, M1 and S1 are involved in modulating digit forces to position. Our findings suggest that the relative contribution of memory and online feedback modulates sensorimotor cortical interactions for dexterous manipulation.
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Hong, Jonggi, Hwan Kim, Woohun Lee, and Geehyuk Lee. "TouchRoller: A Touch-sensitive Cylindrical Input Device for GUI Manipulation of Interactive TVs." Interacting with Computers 28, no. 3 (March 12, 2015): 293–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iwc/iwv006.

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28

Yao, Tianyang, Xiaohui Guo, Cuicui Li, Haiqiang Qi, Huai Lin, Long Liu, Yuehua Dai, et al. "Highly sensitive capacitive flexible 3D-force tactile sensors for robotic grasping and manipulation." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 53, no. 44 (August 12, 2020): 445109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aba5c0.

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Jiang, Yaoping, Wenhao Luo, Xiaopei Wang, Youhui Lin, and Xiang Yang Liu. "Enzymatic manipulation of a DNA-mediated ensemble for sensitive fluorescence detection of glucose." RSC Advances 6, no. 39 (2016): 33132–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra05701b.

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In this work, controllable turn off/on fluorescent sensors for label-free detection of glucose have been successfully developed by designing different DNA/ligands-based ensembles and using enzyme-catalyzed Fenton reaction.
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Chen, Chao, Yong Yu, Xiaoli Wang, Ping Shi, Yibing Wang, and Ping Wang. "Manipulation of pH-Sensitive interactions between podophyllotoxin-chitosan for enhanced controlled drug release." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 95 (February 2017): 451–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.053.

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Shieh, Yeong-Tarng, Pei-Yu Tai, and Chih-Chia Cheng. "Dual CO2/temperature-responsive diblock copolymers confer controlled reversible emulsion behavior." Polymer Chemistry 10, no. 21 (2019): 2641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py00325h.

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Dual-stimuli responsive diblock copolymers possessing unique temperature-sensitive and CO2/N2-switching ability were successfully developed to promote efficient manipulation of reversible emulsification processes.
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Doan, Thien-Phuc, Jungsoo Park, and Souhwan Jung. "HAL-Based Resource Manipulation Monitoring on AOSP." Mobile Information Systems 2020 (December 2, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8863385.

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Nowadays, Android malware uses sensitive APIs to manipulate an Android device’s resources frequently. Conventional malware analysis uses hooking techniques to detect this harmful behavior. However, this approach is facing many problems, such as low coverage rate and computational overhead. To solve this problem, we proposed HALWatcher, an alternative technique to monitor resource manipulation on Android Open Source Project (AOSP). By modifying Hardware Abstract Layer (HAL) resource accessing interfaces and their implementation, we can embed more monitoring functions at critical methods that are in charge of transferring data between the Hardware Driver and the Framework Layer. Hence, HALWatcher provides a lightweight and high coverage rate system that can perform resource manipulation monitoring for Android OS. In this paper, we prove that the hooking technique is limited in detecting resource manipulation attacks. Besides that, HALWatcher shows an outperform detection rate with a low computational effort.
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Song, Ziyuan, Zhengzhong Tan, Xuetao Zheng, Zihuan Fu, Ettigounder Ponnusamy, and Jianjun Cheng. "Manipulating the helix–coil transition profile of synthetic polypeptides by leveraging side-chain molecular interactions." Polymer Chemistry 11, no. 8 (2020): 1445–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9py01857c.

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Based on the pH-sensitive, conformationally tunable triazole polypeptides, we reported the manipulation of helix–coil transition profile determined by the leveraging interactions of the triazole and other side-chain helix-influencing ligands.
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Mahajan, Kalpesh D., Gang Ruan, Greg Vieira, Thomas Porter, Jeffrey J. Chalmers, R. Sooryakumar, and Jessica O. Winter. "Biomolecular detection, tracking, and manipulation using a magnetic nanoparticle-quantum dot platform." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 16 (2020): 3534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb02481f.

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Fluorescent and magnetic materials play a significant role in biosensor technology, enabling sensitive quantification and separations with applications in diagnostics, purification, quality control, and therapeutics.
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Wu, Xing, Yongqing Cai, Jihong Bian, Guohui Su, Chen Luo, Yaodong Yang, and Gang Zhang. "Strain engineering and lattice vibration manipulation of atomically thin TaS2 films." RSC Advances 10, no. 28 (2020): 16718–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02499f.

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We observed lattice vibration modulation in strained mono- and few-layer tantalum sulfide. E1g and E2g exhibit sensitive strain dependence with the frequency of the former intensity increasing and the latter decreasing under a compressive strain.
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Rawat, Vaishali, Vihang Nadkarni, and S. N. Kale. "High Sensitive Electrical Metamaterial Sensor for Fuel Adulteration Detection." Defence Science Journal 66, no. 4 (June 28, 2016): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.10217.

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Life of any automobile engine is largely dependent on the purity as well as the optimum ratios of their fuels, viz. petrol, diesel and ethanol. A device working on the electrical metamaterial concept, namely a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR), operating at 2.47 GHz (ISM band), is proposed to detect kerosene adulteration in petrol. Kerosene was varied upto 30 per cent with minimum detection limit as low as 10 per cent. Systematic shifts in the transmission resonance frequency were observed. The sensing was fast and the recovery was instantaneous. The underlying concept of interference of electromagnetic radiation through the CSRR circuit and its further manipulation with the changes in the dielectric ambience is elaborated.
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Hu, Kai, Liang Yang, Dongdong Jin, Jiawen Li, Shengyun Ji, Chen Xin, Yanlei Hu, Dong Wu, Li Zhang, and Jiaru Chu. "Tunable microfluidic device fabricated by femtosecond structured light for particle and cell manipulation." Lab on a Chip 19, no. 23 (2019): 3988–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9lc00759h.

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38

Forster, Sarah E., Cameron S. Carter, Jonathan D. Cohen, and Raymond Y. Cho. "Parametric Manipulation of the Conflict Signal and Control-state Adaptation." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 23, no. 4 (April 2011): 923–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2010.21458.

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Mechanisms by which the brain monitors and modulates performance are an important focus of recent research. The conflict-monitoring hypothesis posits that the ACC detects conflict between competing response pathways which, in turn, signals for enhanced control. The N2, an ERP component that has been localized to ACC, has been observed after high conflict stimuli. As a candidate index of the conflict signal, the N2 would be expected to be sensitive to the degree of response conflict present, a factor that depends on both the features of external stimuli and the internal control state. In the present study, we sought to explore the relationship between N2 amplitude and these variables through use of a modified Eriksen flankers task in which target–distracter compatibility was parametrically varied. We hypothesized that greater target–distracter incompatibility would result in higher levels of response conflict, as indexed by both behavior and the N2 component. Consistent with this prediction, there were parametric degradations in behavioral performance and increases in N2 amplitudes with increasing incompatibility. Further, increasingly incompatible stimuli led to the predicted parametric increases in control on subsequent incompatible trials as evidenced by enhanced performance and reduced N2 amplitudes. These findings suggest that the N2 component and associated behavioral performance are finely sensitive to the degree of response conflict present and to the control adjustments that result from modulations in conflict.
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39

Liu, Sufang, Yuanyuan Tang, Ying Xing, Phillip Kramer, Larry Bellinger, and Feng Tao. "Potential Application of Optogenetic Stimulation in the Treatment of Pain and Migraine Headache: A Perspective from Animal Studies." Brain Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 29, 2019): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9020026.

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Optogenetic manipulation is uniquely useful in unraveling the functional organization of neuronal circuits in the central nervous system by enabling reversible gain- or loss-of-function of discrete populations of neurons within restricted brain regions. This state-of-the-art technology can produce circuit-specific neuromodulation by overexpressing light-sensitive proteins (opsins) in particular cell types of interest. Here, we discuss the principle of optogenetic manipulation and its application in pain research using animal models, and we also discuss how to potentially use optogenetic stimulation in the treatment of migraine headache in the future.
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40

Yao, Mingjin, Girish Shah, and Ji Fang. "Highly Sensitive and Miniaturized Fluorescence Detection System with an Autonomous Capillary Fluid Manipulation Chip." Micromachines 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2012): 462–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi3020462.

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41

Fu, J. R., X. M. Huang, and S. Q. Songa. "Manipulation of desiccation-sensitive axes of wampee (Clausena lansium) to facilitate increased dehydration tolerance." Seed Science Research 10, no. 3 (September 2000): 397–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096025850000043x.

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AbstractThe plumules of newly-excised wampee embryos, which are more sensitive to dehydration than the roots, became more resistant to water loss when axes were allowed to sprout on woody plant medium [WPM; McCown and Lloyd (1981) Hortscience16, 453] before being dried. Pre-treatment of sprouting axes (seedlings) with sucrose incorporated in the WPM enhanced survival. Although the roots withered following further dehydration of seedlings cultured on WPM containing 60% sucrose, excised plumules were capable of generating adventitious roots when a combination of 10 mM α-napthaleneacetic acid and 10 mM indole-3-butyric acid was used during subsequent in vitro incubation.
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42

Yang, Junye, Long Zhou, Jinguang Cheng, Zhiwei Hu, Changyang Kuo, Chih-Wen Pao, Lingyun Jang, et al. "Charge Transfer Induced Multifunctional Transitions with Sensitive Pressure Manipulation in a Metal–Organic Framework." Inorganic Chemistry 54, no. 13 (June 17, 2015): 6433–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00739.

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43

Wu, Meiling, and H. Peter Lu. "Ultra-sensitive lock-in amplifier coupled oscillatory magnetic tweezers for piconewton force manipulation applications." Journal of Applied Physics 130, no. 1 (July 7, 2021): 014504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0048701.

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44

Kotzian, Peter, Thomas Stoeber, Florian Hoos, and Barbara E. Weissenberger. "To be or not to be in the sample? On using manipulation checks in experimental accounting research." Accounting Research Journal 33, no. 3 (April 13, 2020): 469–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-06-2019-0128.

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Purpose Manipulation checks are a recommended for experimental accounting research. Usage of information gained by manipulation checks varies. In some studies, participants who failed the manipulation check are removed from the sample. Other studies report the results of the manipulation checks but still use the full sample. Some authors recommend removing participants who failed the manipulation check as a means to increase the power of the statistical analysis. Others warn that removing these participants endangers the randomization as a crucial precondition for gaining valid insights from experimental research. Until now, there is little research on how sensitive results react to exclusion of participants. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of removing participants failing the manipulation checks on the evaluation of a hypothesis and the development of alternative usages of the information gained from manipulation checks. Design/methodology/approach Based on an analytical model and a simulation, the authors show how removing participants who fail the manipulation check affects experimental findings. Findings Simulations show that statistical results and conclusions drawn from an experiment differ substantially, depending on whether participants who failed the manipulation check are removed from the sample. As the participants who are removed are no random sub-sample, but share a certain property, the experimental results react strongly, typically showing significant results, where there are actually none. Originality/value This paper is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first to address the sensitivity of experimental results to removing participants who fail the manipulation check from the sample and the implications for the validity of conclusions drawn from experimental accounting research. This paper’s contribution is a better way of using information gained in the manipulation check in the statistical analysis of the experimental data.
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45

Kim, Yongtae, and Myung Seok Park. "Real Activities Manipulation and Auditors' Client-Retention Decisions." Accounting Review 89, no. 1 (August 1, 2013): 367–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/accr-50586.

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ABSTRACT In this study, we examine the effect of clients' real activities manipulation (RAM) on auditors' client-retention decisions. We find that, with the exception of RAM through overproduction, clients' opportunistic operating decisions are positively associated with the likelihood of auditor resignations. We also provide evidence that auditors are especially sensitive to clients' RAM to just meet or beat earnings benchmarks in their client-retention decisions. In addition, we find that clients whose auditors resign from engagements tend to hire smaller auditors and these clients engage in RAM more aggressively. Our additional analysis shows that, with the exception of RAM through overproduction, clients' abnormal operating decisions are significantly associated with litigation risk against auditors. Overall, our evidence suggests that auditors drop clients with aggressive RAM to avoid excessive risk. Data Availability: Data used in this study are available from public sources identified in the study.
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46

Ramadoss, Jayanth, Emilie R. Lunde, Nengtai Ouyang, Wei-Jung A. Chen, and Timothy A. Cudd. "Acid-sensitive channel inhibition prevents fetal alcohol spectrum disorders cerebellar Purkinje cell loss." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 295, no. 2 (August 2008): R596—R603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.90321.2008.

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Ethanol is now considered the most common human teratogen. Educational campaigns have not reduced the incidence of ethanol-mediated teratogenesis, leading to a growing interest in the development of therapeutic prevention or mitigation strategies. On the basis of the observation that maternal ethanol consumption reduces maternal and fetal pH, we hypothesized that a pH-sensitive pathway involving the TWIK-related acid-sensitive potassium channels (TASKs) is implicated in ethanol-induced injury to the fetal cerebellum, one of the most sensitive targets of prenatal ethanol exposure. Pregnant ewes were intravenously infused with ethanol (258 ± 10 mg/dl peak blood ethanol concentration) or saline in a “3 days/wk binge” pattern throughout the third trimester. Quantitative stereological analysis demonstrated that ethanol resulted in a 45% reduction in the total number of fetal cerebellar Purkinje cells, the cell type most sensitive to developmental ethanol exposure. Extracellular pH manipulation to create the same degree and pattern of pH fall caused by ethanol (manipulations large enough to inhibit TASK 1 channels), resulted in a 24% decrease in Purkinje cell number. We determined immunohistochemically that TASK 1 channels are expressed in Purkinje cells and that the TASK 3 isoform is expressed in granule cells of the ovine fetal cerebellum. Pharmacological blockade of both TASK 1 and TASK 3 channels simultaneous with ethanol effectively prevented any reduction in fetal cerebellar Purkinje cell number. These results demonstrate for the first time functional significance of fetal cerebellar two-pore domain pH-sensitive channels and establishes them as a potential therapeutic target for prevention of ethanol teratogenesis.
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47

James, Melissa S., Stuart J. Johnstone, and William G. Hayward. "Event-Related Potentials, Configural Encoding, and Feature-Based Encoding in Face Recognition." Journal of Psychophysiology 15, no. 4 (October 2001): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0269-8803.15.4.275.

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Abstract The effects of manipulating configural and feature information on the face recognition process were investigated by recording event-related potentials (ERPs) from five electrode sites (Fz, Cz, Pz, T5, T6), while 17 European subjects performed an own-race and other-race face recognition task. A series of upright faces were presented in a study phase, followed by a test phase where subjects indicated whether inverted and upright faces were studied or novel via a button press response. An inversion effect, illustrating the disruption of upright configural information, was reflected in accuracy measures and in greater lateral N2 amplitude to inverted faces, suggesting that structural encoding is harder for inverted faces. An own-race advantage was found, which may reflect the use of configural encoding for the more frequently experienced own-race faces, and feature-based encoding for the less familiar other-race faces, and was reflected in accuracy measures and ERP effects. The midline N2 was larger to configurally encoded faces (i. e., own-race and upright), possibly suggesting configural encoding involves more complex processing than feature-based encoding. An N400-like component was sensitive to feature manipulations, with greater amplitude to other-race than own-race faces and to inverted than upright faces. This effect was interpreted as reflecting increased activation of incompatible representations activated by a feature-based strategy used in processing of other-race and inverted faces. The late positive complex was sensitive to configural manipulation with larger amplitude to other-race than own-race faces, and was interpreted as reflecting the updating of an own-race norm used in face recognition, to incorporate other-race information.
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48

Li, Xin, Ondrej Dyck, Sergei V. Kalinin, and Stephen Jesse. "Compressed Sensing of Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) With Nonrectangular Scans." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, no. 6 (December 2018): 623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192761801543x.

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AbstractScanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has become the main stay for materials characterization on atomic level, with applications ranging from visualization of localized and extended defects to mapping order parameter fields. In recent years, attention has focused on the potential of STEM to explore beam induced chemical processes and especially manipulating atomic motion, enabling atom-by-atom fabrication. These applications, as well as traditional imaging of beam sensitive materials, necessitate increasing the dynamic range of STEM in imaging and manipulation modes, and increasing the absolute scanning speed which can be achieved by combining sparse sensing methods with nonrectangular scanning trajectories. Here we have developed a general method for real-time reconstruction of sparsely sampled images from high-speed, noninvasive and diverse scanning pathways, including spiral scan and Lissajous scan. This approach is demonstrated on both the synthetic data and experimental STEM data on the beam sensitive material graphene. This work opens the door for comprehensive investigation and optimal design of dose efficient scanning strategies and real-time adaptive inference and control of e-beam induced atomic fabrication.
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49

Asikis, Thomas, Johannes Klinglmayr, Dirk Helbing, and Evangelos Pournaras. "How value-sensitive design can empower sustainable consumption." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 1 (January 13, 2021): 201418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.201418.

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In a so-called overpopulated world, sustainable consumption is of existential importance. However, the expanding spectrum of product choices and their production complexity challenge consumers to make informed and value-sensitive decisions. Recent approaches based on (personalized) psychological manipulation are often intransparent, potentially privacy-invasive and inconsistent with (informational) self-determination. By contrast, responsible consumption based on informed choices currently requires reasoning to an extent that tends to overwhelm human cognitive capacity. As a result, a collective shift towards sustainable consumption remains a grand challenge. Here, we demonstrate a novel personal shopping assistant implemented as a smart phone app that supports a value-sensitive design and leverages sustainability awareness, using experts’ knowledge and ‘wisdom of the crowd’ for transparent product information and explainable product ratings. Real-world field experiments in two supermarkets confirm higher sustainability awareness and a bottom-up behavioural shift towards more sustainable consumption. These results encourage novel business models for retailers and producers, ethically aligned with consumer preferences and with higher sustainability.
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50

Shine, James M., Ruud L. van den Brink, Dennis Hernaus, Sander Nieuwenhuis, and Russell A. Poldrack. "Catecholaminergic manipulation alters dynamic network topology across cognitive states." Network Neuroscience 2, no. 3 (September 2018): 381–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00042.

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The human brain is able to flexibly adapt its information processing capacity to meet a variety of cognitive challenges. Recent evidence suggests that this flexibility is reflected in the dynamic reorganization of the functional connectome. The ascending catecholaminergic arousal systems of the brain are a plausible candidate mechanism for driving alterations in network architecture, enabling efficient deployment of cognitive resources when the environment demands them. We tested this hypothesis by analyzing both resting-state and task-based fMRI data following the administration of atomoxetine, a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, compared with placebo, in two separate human fMRI studies. Our results demonstrate that the manipulation of central catecholamine levels leads to a reorganization of the functional connectome in a manner that is sensitive to ongoing cognitive demands.
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