Relevant bibliographies by topics / Sensation and thermal comfort

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Sensation and thermal comfort'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 24 June 2021
Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Sensation and thermal comfort"

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Shahzad, Sally, John Brennan, Dimitris Theodossopoulos, John K. Calautit, and Ben R. Hughes. "Does a neutral thermal sensation determine thermal comfort?" Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 2 (January 25, 2018): 183–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418754498.

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The neutral thermal sensation (neither cold, nor hot) is widely used through the application of the ASHRAE seven-point thermal sensation scale to assess thermal comfort. This study investigated the application of the neutral thermal sensation and it questions the reliability of any study that solely relies on neutral thermal sensation. Although thermal-neutrality has already been questioned, still most thermal comfort studies only use this measure to assess thermal comfort of the occupants. In this study, the connection of the occupant’s thermal comfort with thermal-neutrality was investigated in two separate contexts of Norwegian and British offices. Overall, the thermal environment of four office buildings was evaluated and 313 responses (three times a day) to thermal sensation, thermal preference, comfort, and satisfaction were recorded. The results suggested that 36% of the occupants did not want to feel neutral and they considered thermal sensations other than neutral as their comfort condition. Also, in order to feel comfortable, respondents reported wanting to feel different thermal sensations at different times of the day suggesting that occupant desire for thermal comfort conditions may not be as steady as anticipated. This study recommends that other measures are required to assess human thermal comfort, such as thermal preference. Practical application: This study questions the application of neutral thermal sensation as the measure of thermal comfort. The findings indicate that occupant may consider other sensations than neutral as comfortable. This finding directly questions the standard comfort zone (e.g. ASHRAE Standard 55) as well as the optimum temperature, as many occupants required different thermal sensations at different times of the day to feel comfortable. These findings suggest that a steady indoor thermal environment does not guarantee thermal comfort and variations in the room temperature, which can be controlled by the occupant, need to be considered as part of the building design.
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Zhou, Xiaojie, Sumei Liu, Xuan Liu, Xiaorui Lin, Ke Qing, Weizhen Zhang, Jian Li, Jiankai Dong, Dayi Lai, and Qingyan Chen. "Evaluation of Four Models for Predicting Thermal Sensation in Chinese Residential Kitchen." E3S Web of Conferences 111 (2019): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911102004.

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Thermal environment in residential kitchen in China is transient and non-uniform and with strong radiation asymmetry from gas stove. Due to the complexity of kitchen thermal environment, it is not sure if previous thermal comfort models can accurately predict the thermal comfort in residential kitchens. In order to evaluate if existing thermal comfort models can be applied for Chinese kitchens, this investigation conducted human subject tests for 20 cooks when preparing dishes in a kitchen. The study measured skin temperatures of the cooks and environmental parameters and used questionnaires to obtain their thermal sensation votes at the same time. The actual thermal sensation votes were compared with the predicted ones by four thermal comfort models: predicted mean vote (PMV) model, dynamic thermal sensation (DTS) model, the University of California at Berkeley (UCB) model, and the transient outdoor thermal comfort model from Lai et al. The results showed that all the models could predict the trend of the thermal sensations but with errors. The PMV model overpredicted the thermal sensations. The UCB and Lai’s models showed a slower change in thermal sensation votes (TSV) after turning on the stove. The DTS model was more accurate than the others in predicting the mean thermal sensation, but with a large variation in predicting individual thermal sensation votes. A better thermal comfort model should be developed for Chinese residential kitchens.
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Nakamura, Mayumi, Tamae Yoda, Larry I. Crawshaw, Saki Yasuhara, Yasuyo Saito, Momoko Kasuga, Kei Nagashima, and Kazuyuki Kanosue. "Regional differences in temperature sensation and thermal comfort in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 105, no. 6 (December 2008): 1897–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90466.2008.

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Sensations evoked by thermal stimulation (temperature-related sensations) can be divided into two categories, “temperature sensation” and “thermal comfort.” Although several studies have investigated regional differences in temperature sensation, less is known about the sensitivity differences in thermal comfort for the various body regions. In the present study, we examined regional differences in temperature-related sensations with special attention to thermal comfort. Healthy male subjects sitting in an environment of mild heat or cold were locally cooled or warmed with water-perfused stimulators. Areas stimulated were the face, chest, abdomen, and thigh. Temperature sensation and thermal comfort of the stimulated areas were reported by the subjects, as was whole body thermal comfort. During mild heat exposure, facial cooling was most comfortable and facial warming was most uncomfortable. On the other hand, during mild cold exposure, neither warming nor cooling of the face had a major effect. The chest and abdomen had characteristics opposite to those of the face. Local warming of the chest and abdomen did produce a strong comfort sensation during whole body cold exposure. The thermal comfort seen in this study suggests that if given the chance, humans would preferentially cool the head in the heat, and they would maintain the warmth of the trunk areas in the cold. The qualitative differences seen in thermal comfort for the various areas cannot be explained solely by the density or properties of the peripheral thermal receptors and thus must reflect processing mechanisms in the central nervous system.
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Zhang, Yufeng, and Rongyi Zhao. "Overall thermal sensation, acceptability and comfort." Building and Environment 43, no. 1 (January 2008): 44–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.11.036.

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Velt, K. B., and H. A. M. Daanen. "Thermal sensation and thermal comfort in changing environments." Journal of Building Engineering 10 (March 2017): 42–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2017.02.004.

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Federspiel, Clifford C., and Haruhiko Asada. "User-Adaptable Comfort Control for HVAC Systems." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 116, no. 3 (September 1, 1994): 474–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2899242.

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This paper describes a new approach to the control of heating, ventilating, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems. The fundamental concept of the new approach is that the controller learns to predict the actual thermal sensation of the specific occupant by tuning parameters of a model of the occupant’s thermal sensation. The parameters are adjusted with respect to thermal sensation ratings acquired from the specific occupant and measurements of physical variables that affect thermal sensation so that with time the model accurately reflects the thermal sensation of the specific occupant. From a lumped-parameter model of a singleroom enclosure, it is shown that the stability of the nominal system can be maintained by utilizing a priori information about the parameters of the thermal sensation model. The method is implemented on a ductless, split-system heat pump. Experiments using human subjects verify the feasibility of the method.
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Md Taib, Noor Syazwanee, Sheikh Ahmad Zaki Shaikh Salim, Aya Hagishima, Waqas Khalid, Fitri Yakub, and Nurul Izzati Kamaruddin. "Pilot Study on Occupants’ Thermal Sensation at Different Ambient Temperature in Postgraduate Office with Cooling Mode in University Campus." Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences 78, no. 2 (December 7, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.78.2.111.

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With rapid urbanization, massive amount of energy is required to compensate the electricity usage thus calls for a need to Malaysian government issuing standard MS1525:2014 for temperature settings in office buildings to meet energy efficiency goal. In co-sharing spaces, personal thermal comfort is often not met due to the different thermal sensation at different location inside office rooms. This study was conducted at four postgraduate office spaces with cooling mode in university campus located at Kuala Lumpur to evaluate the occupant’s thermal sensation. We used different set-point temperature of air conditioning ranging from 18.0°C to 28.6°C. The indoor thermal variables such as air temperature, globe temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity are measured at each respondent’s workspace and 200 responses were recorded from ten subjects. The mean value of thermal sensations votes is -0.4 and were within comfort range. 76% of responses voted ‘neutral’ humidity sensation as occupants have adapted to humid condition in Malaysia. The comfort operative temperature found in this study is 24.9°C which indicates that the minimum recommended temperature for energy conservation did not deprive occupants from comfort.
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Faridah, Faridah, Memory Motivanisman Waruwu, Titis Wijayanto, Rachmawan Budiarto, Raditya Cahya Pratama, Septian Eka Prayogi, Nur Muna Nadiya, and Ressy Jaya Yanti. "Feasibility study to detect occupant thermal sensation using a low-cost thermal camera for indoor environments in Indonesia." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 42, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624421994015.

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This paper concerns the feasibility study of 7 classes of thermal sensation detection in Indonesia's indoor environment using a low-cost thermal camera through face skin temperature. This study is required as an initial step to build a thermal comfort sensor system of HVAC control systems to produce a comfortable indoor environment with minimum and efficient energy use. The feasibility study was started by studying the thermoregulation system of respondents in Indonesia through measuring their body and facial skin temperatures under heating and cooling conditions, including their relationship with thermal sensations. The facial skin temperature variable, which is covered by four measurement points, namely forehead, nose, cheeks, and chin, represents the MST variable by the coefficient of determination of 0.54. The thermal sensation detection algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is 35.7% of accuracy. The thermal sensation questionnaire with 7 class categories is unsuitable for Indonesian respondents, and the number of the category classes predicted too much compared to the number of inputs. The detection algorithm has better accuracy with a smaller number of classes, namely 52.2% and 68.70% for the 5 and 3 classes of thermal sensation. Practical application: The air conditioning buildings system is possible to influence a thermal environmental control system to meet the occupants' thermal comfort level requirement in an indoor environment if the system is equipped with a sensor that can detect the occupants' thermal sensations. The thermal camera can be used as a non-contact sensor, detecting the occupant’s thermal sensation by reading the occupant's face skin temperature in an indoor environment.
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Li, Jinwei, Lilin Zhao, Zheyao Peng, Zijian Wang, and Taotao Shui. "Study on Outdoor Thermal Comfort in the Transitional Season of Hefei." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 01026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016501026.

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In order to study the outdoor thermal comfort during the transition season in Hefei, a university in Hefei adopted a combination of field environmental measurements and questionnaires to study the changes in thermal sensation and thermal comfort of outdoor people before and after the transition season. The rankings of the effects of temperature, wind speed, humidity, and solar radiation on human thermal comfort were obtained through surveys, and the proportion of each parameter’s influence on human thermal comfort was analyzed. The relationship between thermal sensation and thermal comfort was analyzed, and the application was established through regression analysis Prediction model of thermal sensation in autumn and winter outdoor environment in Hefei area.
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Fang, Zhaosong, Hong Liu, Baizhan Li, Meilan Tan, and Oladokun Majeed Olaide. "Experimental investigation on thermal comfort model between local thermal sensation and overall thermal sensation." Energy and Buildings 158 (January 2018): 1286–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.10.099.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Sensation and thermal comfort"

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Kelly, Lisa K. "Thermal comfort on train journeys." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8445.

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This thesis presents a body of work conducted to determine thermal comfort on train journeys. Relatively little research has been conducted on trains in comparison with the vast body of work conducted within building environments. This thesis aimed to expand our knowledge of rail passenger thermal comfort throughout the journey; platform to destination. The train journey was separated into its component parts and analysed by conducting both laboratory and field experiments that either simulated or measured aspects of a train journey. Laboratory experiment 1 examined appropriate methods of data collection during train journeys. Participants (9 males and 9 females) were exposed to a simulated train environment three times and used a different data collection method on each occasion; a paper-based method, a voice recorder or a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). Results concluded that the three methods can be used interchangeably when recording thermal comfort data. Participants preferred the PDA over the other two methods because they felt it afforded them a level of privacy in addition to blending in with other rail passengers using similar technologies. The second laboratory experiment measured thermal comfort following a change of environment. Participants (12 males and 12 females) were exposed to three environmental conditions (warm, neutral and slightly cool) in a thermal chamber on three separate occasions. The exposure lasted 30 minutes, after which, participants entered a new environment that was the same on each occasion (slightly cool). Results showed that overshoots in sensation (beyond those predicted by the Predicted Mean Vote thermal comfort index PMV) are observed following downward steps (warmer to cooler) in environmental conditions. No overshoots were observed following the upward step (cooler to warmer) in environment, with sensations immediately reflecting the predicted steady-state values. Laboratory experiment 3 (22 males and 26 females) expanded the research conducted in laboratory experiment 2 by exposing participants to greater magnitudes of environmental change. In addition, sensation was measured after this change until steady-state was reached. Participants were exposed to four environmental conditions (cool to warm to neutral to cool or cool to cold to warm to cool) consecutively over a 2 hour period with 30 minutes spent in each location. Results demonstrated similar effects to those observed during laboratory experiment 2 with overshoots observed following downward steps in environmental conditions and none observed in the opposite direction. Sensations demonstrating overshoots gradually increased until steady-state was achieved after approximately 25 minutes. Field experiment 1 (12 males and 32 females) measured thermal comfort while boarding trains. Participants were taken on a short train journey and recorded sensations whilst on the platform and during boarding. Results showed that overshoots may also be observed following step up and step down in environments. It is hypothesised that change in air velocity is influential in this effect. Thermal comfort throughout a train journey was measured in field experiment 2. Participants (16 males and 16 females) reported on thermal comfort on the platform, during boarding and throughout a return train journey from Loughborough to London St Pancras. Results also demonstrated overshoots following upward transients indicating that there are factors in the field that do not occur in laboratory conditions. Subjective parameters reach steady-state after approximately 20 minutes and PMV accurately predicted sensations during the journey. Again, air velocities may have interacted with other variables resulting in the overshoots following upward steps in environmental conditions. Laboratory experiments 2 and 3 resulted in the creation of a model predicting sensation following a change of environment, PMVTRANS. When the model was compared with the field data, it could not accurately predict sensations observed during transients. It also could not predict the sensation overshoots observed following upward transients. A new model is now proposed, NEW PMVTRANS. This model shows greater correlation with actual sensation than PMV; however it does require further validation from field data. Research has shown that PMV is an accurate estimator of sensation within a train carriage and should be used by train designers to optimise the environmental conditions for passengers.
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Streblow, Rita [Verfasser]. "Thermal sensation and comfort model for inhomogeneous indoor environments / Rita Streblow." Aachen : Hochschulbibliothek der Rheinisch-Westfälischen Technischen Hochschule Aachen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018222863/34.

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Žarko, Bojić. "Uticaj parametara mikroklime, buke i osvetljenja na toplotni komfor u radnoj sredini." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2018. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=107508&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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U radu se proučava uticaj parametara mikroklime, buke i osvetljenjana toplotni osećaj i toplotni komfor u radnoj sredini. Između čovekai njegovog okruženja postoji stalna interakcija, koja može uzrokovatifiziološke poremećaje u organizmu. U okviru rada, prikazane suteorijske osnove parametara mikroklime, buke i osvetljenja, kao injihov teorijski uticaj na generisanje i razmentu toplotne energijeizmeđu čoveka i okoline. Rad obuhvata istraživanje međuzavisnostiproučavanih parametara, toplotnog osećaja i toplotnog komforačoveka na radnom mestu u poziciji stajanja.
This paper examines the influence of the parameters of microclimate, noiseand lighting on the thermal sensation and thermal comfort in the workingenvironment. There is a constant interaction between a person and hisenvironment, which can cause physiological disorders in the organism. In theframework of this paper, the theoretical bases of the parameters ofmicroclimate, noise and lighting, as well as their theoretical influence on thegeneration and exchange of heat energy between person and environmentare presented. The paper encompasses research on the interdependence ofthe parameters studied for thermal sensation and the thermal comfort of aperson at the workplace in a standing position.
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Westerlund, T. (Tarja). "Thermal, circulatory, and neuromuscular responses to whole-body cryotherapy." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2009. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514290435.

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Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine thermal (body temperature, thermal sensation and comfort ratings), circulatory (blood pressure, heart rate variability) and neuromuscular performance responses to whole-body cryotherapy (WBC, -110 °C). Altogether 66 healthy subjects were exposed to WBC for two minutes. The acute and long-term changes were examined, when the subjects were exposed to WBC three times a week during three months. Skin temperatures decreased very rapidly during WBC, but remained such a high level that there was no risk for frostbites. The effects on rectal temperature were minimal. Repeated exposures to WBC were mostly well tolerated and comfortable and the subjects became habituated at an early stage of trials. WBC increased both systolic (24 mmHg) and diastolic (5 mmHg) blood pressures temporarily. Adaptation of blood pressure was not found during three months. The acute cooling-related increase in high-frequency power of RR-intervals indicated an increase in cardiac parasympathetic modulation, but after repeated WBC the increase was attenuated. The repeated WBC exposure-related increase in resting low frequency power of RR-intervals resembles the response observed related to exercise training. There are signs of neuromuscular adaptation, especially in dynamic performance. A single WBC decreased flight time in drop-jump exercise, but after repeated WBC these changes were almost vanished. This adaptation was confirmed by the change of the activity of the agonist muscle, which increased more and the change of the activity of antagonist muscle, which increased less/did not change after repeated WBC indicating reduced co-contraction and thus, neuromuscular adaptation.
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Montanheiro, Fabiana Padilha [UNESP]. "Percepção térmica de idosos." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138157.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
No panorama mundial o número de pessoas com 60 anos ou mais vem aumentando rapidamente. A grande maioria dos idosos que vive de forma independente deseja continuar seu estilo de vida atual, e para isso precisa de apoio extra e orientação para envelhecer com bem-estar e saúde. Essas condições incluem a convivência em ambientes agradáveis, inclusive em relação ao conforto térmico. Neste contexto, este trabalho avaliou a sensação térmica de idosos, comparando-a com os resultados do índice PMV (Voto Médio Estimado: Predicted Mean Vote) de Fanger. Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória de abordagem qualitativa (questionários) e quantitativa (medições com termômetros de bulbo seco, bulbo úmido e de globo), conforme a norma ISO 7730:2006; 2011, em três instituições que oferecem serviços de atividades específicas para a faixa populacional na cidade de Bauru (SP): o SESI (Serviço Social da Indústria), o SESC (Serviço Social do Comércio) e a AAPIBR (Associação dos aposentados, pensionistas e idosos de Bauru e Região). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que as sensações térmicas reais (STR) relatadas pelos idosos (sensações subjetivas) são estatisticamente similares às calculadas pela equação do PMV (sensações analíticas) para três faixas desse índice: -1, 0 e 1.
In the global landscape, the number of people aged 60 and over is increasing rapidly. The vast majority of seniors who live independently wish to continue their current lifestyle, and for that they need extra support and guidance to grow old with wellness and health. These conditions include living in pleasant environments, including thermal comfort. In this context, this study evaluated the thermal sensation of the elderly, comparing it with the results from the PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) method (Fanger). An exploratory research with qualitative (questionnaires) and quantitative approach (measured with dry-bulb, wet-bulb and globe thermometers) was performed according to ISO 7730: 2006; 2011, in three institutions that offer specific activities services for the population group in the city of Bauru (São Paulo state): SESI (Industrial Social Services), SESC (Commercial Social Services) and AAPIBR (Association of retirees, pensioners and seniors of Bauru and region). The results showed that the actual thermal sensations (ATS) reported by the elderly (subjective sensations) are statistically similar to those calculated by the PMV equation (analytical sensations) on a threepoint scale: -1, 0 and 1.
MCA 162174
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Gerrett, Nicola. "Body mapping of perceptual responses to sweat and warm stimuli and their relation to physiological parameters." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2012. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11000.

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Regional differences in sweat gland output, skin temperature and thermoreceptor distribution can account for variations in regional perceptions of temperature, thermal comfort and wetness sensation. Large cohorts of studies have assessed these perceptual responses during sedentary activity but the findings are typically applied to a multitude of conditions, including exercise. Increases in sweat gland output, redistribution of blood flow and changes in skin and core temperature are basic responses to exercise in most conditions and these ultimately influence our perceptual responses. The primary aim of this thesis is to determine factors that influence regional differences in thermal sensation, thermal comfort and wetness sensation during exercise in moderate to hot conditions. The secondary aim is to develop and understand an additional variable, galvanic skin conductance (GSC) that can be used to predict thermal comfort and wetness sensation. The aim of the first study (Chapter 4) was to determine the influence of exercise on thermal sensitivity and magnitude sensation of warmth to a hot-dry stimulus (thermal probe at 40°C) and assess if any gender-linked differences and/or regional differences exist. From the data, body maps indicating sensitivity were produced for both genders during rest and exercise. Females had more regional differences than males. Overall sensitivity was greatest at the head, then the torso and declined towards the extremities. The data showed that exercise did not cause a significant reduction in thermal sensitivity but magnitude estimation was significantly lower after exercise for males and selected locations in females. The cause of a reduced magnitude sensation is thought to be associated with exercise induced analgesia; a reduction in sensitivity due to exercise related increases in circulating hormones. As the literature suggests that thermal comfort in the heat is influenced by the presence of sweat, the next study and all proceeding studies were concerned with this concept. In Chapter 5, building on earlier studies performed in our laboratories, the influence of local skin wettedness (wlocal) on local thermal comfort and wetness sensation was investigated in a neutral dry condition (20.2 ± 0.5°C and 43.5 ± 4.5% RH) whilst walking (4.5 km∙hr-1). Regional differences in wlocal were manipulated using specialised clothing comprising permeable and impermeable material areas. Strong correlations existed between local thermal comfort and local wetness sensation with the various measured wlocal (r2>0.88, p<0.05 and r2>0.83, p<0.05, respectively). The thermal comfort limit was defined as the wlocal value at which the participants no longer felt comfortable. Regional comfort limits for wlocal were identified (in order of high-low sensitivity); lower back (0.40), upper legs (0.44), lower legs (0.45), abdomen (0.45), chest (0.55), upper back (0.56), upper arms (0.57) and lower arms (0.65). The maximum degree of discomfort and wetness sensation experienced during the investigation was kept deliberately low in an attempt to determine the threshold values. Therefore comfort scores and wetness scores rarely reached a state of uncomfortable or wet so the next step was to assess these relationships when sweat production is high and the sensations worsened. However, pilot testing indicated that a ceiling effect would occur for wlocal at high levels of sweat production whilst thermal discomfort increased indicating wlocal was not the determining parameter in that case. Thus an additional parameter was required. The chosen parameter was galvanic skin conductance (GSC) due to its alleged ability to monitor pre-secretory sweat gland activity, skin hydration and surface sweat. In Chapter 6, the reliability, reproducibility and validity of GSC were confirmed in a series of pilot tests. Moderate to strong correlations were found between GSC and regional sweat rate (RSR) (r2>0.60, p<0.05) and wlocal (r2>0.55, p<0.05). The literature suggests standardising GSC relative to a minimum and maximum GSC value; however uncertainties arise when attempting to achieve maximum GSC. Therefore a change from baseline (∆GSC) was chosen as the proposed method of standardisation for further use. Additional results (from Chapter 9) revealed that ∆GSC also reflects pre-secretory sweat gland activity as it increased prior to sweat being present on the skin surface and prior to an increase in RSR. In Chapter 9, also hydration of the stratum corneum was measured using a moisture meter and the results revealed that it has an upper limit; indicating maximal hydration. From this point of full skin saturation ∆GSC and RSR markedly increase though sensations did not. It was also found that ∆GSC is only influenced by surface sweat that is in direct contact with the electrode and is not influenced by sweat elsewhere on the skin surface between electrodes. Higher levels of thermal discomfort have rarely been explored and neither has its relationship with wlocal. The ability of ∆GSC and wlocal to predict local thermal comfort and wetness sensation were compared in two different conditions to elicit low and high sweat production. Unlike Chapter 5, the body sites were not manipulated to control wlocal but allowed to vary naturally over time. The test was carried out on males (Chapter 7) and females (Chapter 8) to compare any gender linked differences and the results suggest that females are more sensitive than males to the initial presence of sweat. For both genders, wlocal and ∆GSC are strong predictors of thermal comfort and wetness sensation. More importantly, wlocal can only be used to predict local thermal comfort in conditions of low sweat production or low levels of thermal discomfort. However, once sweat production increases and thermal discomfort worsens ΔGSC (and not wlocal) can predict thermal comfort. Due to low sweat production observed in females indicates that this is only relevant for females. It appears that epidermal hydration has an important role on influencing thermal comfort. Receptors influencing our perceptual responses are located in the epidermis and when sweat is produced and released onto the skin surface, this epidermis swells and the sensitivity of receptors are said to increase. wlocal indicates the amount of moisture present on the skin surface, yet ∆GSC indicates presecretory sweat gland activity and epidermal hydration where the receptors are located. This may explain why on numerous occasions thermal comfort had a stronger relationship with ∆GSC than wlocal. Where Chapter 5 indicated the true local comfort limits for each respective zone, Chapter 7 and 8 provided a global picture of how local regions interact and influence local thermal comfort across the body. When wlocal varies naturally, the torso areas naturally produce more sweat than the extremities and it seemed that these areas produce so much more sweat than the extremities that they dominate local thermal comfort across the whole body. This is referred to in this thesis as a model of segmental interaction. As with thermal comfort, wetness sensation had strong relationships with wlocal and ∆GSC. The results also revealed a strong relationship between wetness sensation and thermal comfort. In contrast to the widely supported claim, a drop in skin temperature is not required to stimulate a wetness sensation. The point at which we detect sweat and when it becomes uncomfortable occurs at different wlocal values across the body. Thermal comfort is shown to be influenced by sweat during exercise in moderate-to-hot conditions. As w has an upper limit the findings suggest that it cannot predict thermal comfort during high sweat rates. Galvanic skin conductance monitors the process of sweat production more closely and thus is a better predictor of thermal comfort during all conditions and particularly during high sweat production. The strong relationship between thermal comfort and wetness sensation confirm the role of sweat production on thermal comfort. Gender differences to perceptual responses were observed, with females generally being more sensitive to sweat and a warm thermal stimulus than males. Regional differences to sweat and a warm stimulus generally suggest that the torso area is more sensitive than the extremities. This is important not only for sports clothing design but also protective clothing at the work place.
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Gobo, João Paulo Assis. "Bioclimatologia subtropical e modelização do conforto humano: da escala local à regional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8135/tde-23022018-094537/.

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O objeto desta pesquisa consiste em avaliar e propor índices de conforto térmico humano por meio de variáveis ambientais, subjetivas e individuais, em escala climática local e regional. Para tanto, parte-se da hipótese de que o estudo abrangente do conforto térmico humano em escala local, por meio de entrevistas e análise do tempo in-loco, forneceria subsídios para o desenvolvimento de um índice que transite até a escala regional do clima. Parte-se, então, de um método indutivo experimental (levantamento em campo de variáveis climáticas, individuais e subjetivas) onde foram feitas coletas em campo no período de agosto de 2015, janeiro e julho de 2016, com a aplicação de questionários à população simultâneos a coleta de dados meteorológicos. Os resultados do estudo apontaram para a determinação da influência das particularidades climáticas regionais no conforto e na sensação térmica das pessoas entrevistadas, por meio dos efeitos diretos do clima regional. Confirmou-se a existência da influência do sexo dos indivíduos em relação às suas respostas de sensação térmica, bem como a influência dos aspectos fisiológicos tais como o índice de massa corporal e a faixa etária, na preferência térmica dos destes entrevistados. O presente estudo também possibilitou a calibração das faixas interpretativas de conforto térmico de diferentes índices de conforto para a área de estudo. Foram propostos quatro índices de conforto humano com base nas variáveis ambientais, subjetivas e individuais locais, sendo um índice exclusivo para a situação de verão, outro calculado para o inverno, um terceiro índice desenvolvido para ambas as situações sazonais (verão e inverno) e um quarto índice, também para ambas as situações sazonais, porém, tendo como variáveis de partida apenas a temperatura do ar, da umidade relativa do ar e da velocidade do vento. Por fim, foram avaliadas estatisticamente a abrangência espacial e a extrapolação da escala de análise dos resultados para um dos índices desenvolvidos, propondo a validação deste para a escala climática regional. Os resultados apresentados possibilitaram a avaliação do conforto humano, das variáveis ambientais, subjetivas e individuais, bem como o desenvolvimento de um índice adequado tanto para escala local quanto para a escala regional do clima, o que conferiu uma resposta conclusiva à hipótese central apresentada.
This research aims to evaluate and propose human thermal comfort indexes using environmental, individual and subjective variables in the local and regional climatic scales. For that, the hypothesis tested is that the comprehensive study of human thermal comfort, by means of interviews and in-situ weather analysis, provides the basis for the development of an index suitable to be applied also in the regional climatic scale. The first step in the research consisted of an experimental inductive method of field data collection of climatic, individual and subjective variables. Data was collected in the periods of August 2015, January and July of 2016, with questionnaires being applied to the population simultaneously to the collection of meteorological data. Results point to the influence of regional climatic characteristics over the thermal comfort of interviewed individuals, through the direct effects of regional climatic conditions. The influence of gender in thermal comfort responses was confirmed, as well as physiological aspects such as Body Mass Index and age group, in the thermal preference of interviewed individuals. This study also made it possible to calibrate different human thermal comfort classes for the different comfort indexes used in the area of study. Four human thermal comfort indexes were proposed based on environmental, subjective and individual local variables. One index was calculated for Summer, another for Winter, and a third index was developed for both seasons. A fourth index was also calculated for both seasons but using only air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed as variables. Lastly, the spatial representativeness and scale extrapolation of the results for one of the developed models were evaluated statistically in order to propose its validation to the regional climatic scale. Results present the evaluation of human thermal comfort and environmental, subjective and individual variables, as well as the development of an index suitable for both local and regional climatic scales, which provided an appropriate answer to the central hypothesis presented.
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Prado, Monica Faria de Almeida. "Conforto térmico nos edifícios das indústrias de calçados de Jaú." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-28022013-104203/.

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Este trabalho aborda o desempenho térmico obtido em edifícios industriais do setor calçadista, perante a importância em obter condições ambientais favoráveis à execução das atividades através de uma arquitetura adequada ao contexto climático. Assim, o objetivo nesta pesquisa é avaliar as condições de conforto térmico oferecidas pelos edifícios das indústrias calçadistas do município de Jaú, um importante pólo industrial do setor no interior de São Paulo. Caracterizam-se as tipologias construtivas dos edifícios quanto à geometria, materiais e sistema de ventilação. As estratégias passivas para obtenção de conforto térmico nos galpões fabris são identificadas e avaliadas utilizando as recomendações presentes na NBR 15220. Para avaliar as condições de conforto térmico, foram medidas as variáveis ambientais, sendo que a temperatura foi analisada sob condições de aceitabilidade térmica, conforme estabelecido pela ASHRAE 55-2010. Para estimar a sensação térmica dos usuários, são utilizados os índices PMV e PPD. Também foi aplicado um questionário para verificar o nível de satisfação dos funcionários com o ambiente de trabalho. Os resultados apontam que a maioria dos edifícios apresenta uma tipologia semelhante, com geometria retangular e ventilação realizada através de esquadrias nas fachadas. A ausência de diversas estratégias passivas resulta em um edifício com baixa inércia térmica e vulnerável às condições climáticas externas, sendo que em períodos quentes a temperatura interna foi superior a 30ºC, e em períodos frios inferior a 15ºC. A sensação térmica dos usuários na maior parte do período do expediente corresponde ao desconforto térmico para o calor, principalmente no período vespertino, sendo que a porcentagem de insatisfeitos ultrapassa 80%. Deste modo, há necessidade de otimizar a adoção de estratégias passivas, para proporcionar melhores condições térmicas de trabalho. Para isto, são indicadas soluções simples, que propiciam melhorias ao desempenho térmico dos edifícios, exemplificando: o uso de sistemas que possibilitem o resfriamento evaporativo e ampliação das áreas de aberturas destinadas à ventilação do edifício.
This paper discusses the thermal performance obtained in industrial buildings in the footwear sector, given the importance of obtaining favorable environmental conditions for the execution of activities through an architecture suited to the climate context. Thus, the objective of this research is to evaluate the thermal comfort conditions provided by the buildings of the footwear industries of Jaú city, an important industrial pole. It is characterized the typologies of building\'s construction regarding its geometry, materials and ventilation system. The passive strategies for achieving thermal comfort in the factory sheds are identified and evaluated using the recommendations present in the NBR 15220. To evaluate the thermal comfort conditions it was measured the environmental variables, and the temperature was examined under conditions of thermal acceptability, as established by ASHRAE 55-2010. In order to estimate the thermal sensation of the users, the PMV and PPD indices were used. Also, a questionnaire was applied in order to check the level of employee satisfaction with the working environment. The results show that most of the buildings presents a typology similar with a rectangular geometry and ventilation obtained through frames at the facades. The absence of different passive strategies results in a building with a low thermal inertia and vulnerable to the external weather conditions, and in hot periods, the internal temperature was above 30°C, and during colder periods it was lower than 15°C. The thermal sensation of users in most of the period of the working shift matches the thermal discomfort to the heat, especially in the afternoon, and the percentage of discontentment exceeds 80%. This way, there is a need to optimize the adoption of passive strategies, to provide better thermal conditions of work. For this purpose, simple solutions that provide improvements to the thermal performance of buildings are given, examples: the use of systems which allows evaporative cooling and expansion of openings areas for the ventilation of the building.
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Abboud, Abou Jaoude Rachelle. "Développement d’une nouvelle approche d’évaluation du confort dans le contexte des véhicules électriques connectés." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLM059.

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Le confort thermique des conducteurs et des passagers dans les compartiments de la voiture est un sujet qui redevient d’actualité avec l'électrification des véhicules. En fait, les systèmes de climatisation et de chauffage peuvent réduire l'autonomie des véhicules électriques jusqu'à 50% dans certaines conditions. D'autre part, les modèles de représentation des personnes les plus utilisés sont encore ceux qui considèrent une personne moyenne standard. De nombreuses études ont montré les limites de ces modèles dans la prévision du confort thermique de différentes populations dans des environnements complexes. Par conséquent, si un confort thermique personnel correspondant à une consommation minimale d’énergie du véhicule est requis, il convient d’accorder une attention particulière à la compréhension de l’individualisation du modèle thermo-physiologique et à l’identification des paramètres clés ayant le plus d’influence sur le confort thermique. Une procédure d’individualisation a été exposée suivi d’une validation expérimentale du modèle personnalisé. La prise en compte des caractéristiques individuelle améliore la prédiction du modèle de 20% en moyenne
Thermal comfort of drivers and passengers inside cars compartments is a subject bouncing back to the spotlight with the electrification of vehicles. In fact, air conditioning and heating systems can reduce the battery autonomy of electric vehicles by up to 50% under certain conditions. On the other hand, the most used thermo-physiological models nowadays are still those that consider a standard average person. Many studies showed the limitations of these models in predicting thermal comfort for different populations in complex environments. Therefore, if a personal thermal comfort at minimum vehicle energy consumption is required, a deep consideration should be given to the understanding of the individualization of the thermo-physiological model and to identifying key parameters that have the most influence on thermal comfort. An individualization procedure followed by an experimental validation of the customized model is presented. Considering individual characteristics was shown to improve the model by 20% on average
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Toma, Róbert. "Metodika pro testování prostředí v kabině osobního vozu s využitím tepelného manekýna a testovacích osob." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-241679.

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In this thesis, there is processed design of test procedure for innovative HVAC system. This design was created in consecutive phases with use of thermal manikin Newton and climate chamber. Correlation between data from thermal manikin and tests subjects and possible design changes were evaluated after each phase. There are mentioned basics of human thermoregulation, factors which affect thermal comfort and ways in which is possible to measure and rate it with use of thermal comfort scales and comfort zones diagram. The thesis includes survey for testing thermal comfort and scales which are used to complete it. In the end, we mentioned some results alongside with our approach in evaluation of correlation between thermal manikin and test. There is also final design of test procedure for innovative HVAC system which would be used for its calibration and final functionality testing.
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Books on the topic "Sensation and thermal comfort"

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Auliciems, Andris. Thermal comfort. Brisbane, Qld: Passive and Low Energy International, in association with the Department of Architecture, University of Brisbane, 1997.

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Parsons, Ken. Human Thermal Comfort. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983.

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Fabbri, Kristian. Indoor Thermal Comfort Perception. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18651-1.

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A, Humphreys M., and Building Research Establishment, eds. Trends in thermal comfort research. Watford: Building Research Establishment, 1994.

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Carlucci, Salvatore. Thermal Comfort Assessment of Buildings. Milano: Springer Milan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5238-3.

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McCran, Joanne. Thermal comfort and energy efficient building: Is thermal comfort achieved in energy efficient buildings?. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 2002.

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Humphreys, Michael A. (Michael Alexander), 1936- and Roaf Susan, eds. Adaptive thermal comfort: Principles and practice. Abingdon, Oxon [England]: Earthscan, 2012.

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Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun, Zheng Tan, Tobi Eniolu Morakinyo, and Chao Ren. Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Environment. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5245-5.

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Matthews, Jane. Thermal comfort in the havelis of Jaisalmer. London: University of East London, 2000.

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Athienitis, A. Thermal analysis for summer comfort in buildings. Athens: [CIENE, University of Athens], 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Sensation and thermal comfort"

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Wang, Rui, Chaoyi Zhao, Wei Li, and Yun Qi. "Research on Thermal Comfort Equation of Comfort Temperature Range Based on Chinese Thermal Sensation Characteristics." In Advances in Manufacturing, Production Management and Process Control, 254–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20494-5_24.

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Uno, Tomoko, Daisuke Oka, Shuichi Hokoi, Sri Nastiti N. Ekasiwi, and Noor Hanita Abdul Majid. "Thermal Sensation and Comfort in Hot and Humid Climate of Indonesia." In Sustainable Houses and Living in the Hot-Humid Climates of Asia, 131–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8465-2_13.

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Costa, Daniele, Joana C. Guedes, and J. Santos Baptista. "Experimental Assessment of Thermal Sensation and Thermal Comfort of Sedentary Subjects: A Scoping Review." In Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health II, 427–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41486-3_46.

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Kordjamshidi, Maria. "Thermal Comfort." In House Rating Schemes, 31–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15790-5_3.

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Parsons, Ken. "Human Thermal Comfort." In Human Thermal Comfort, 1–9. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983-1.

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Parsons, Ken. "Adaptive Thermal Comfort." In Human Thermal Comfort, 49–59. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983-6.

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Parsons, Ken. "Local Thermal Discomfort." In Human Thermal Comfort, 39–47. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983-5.

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Parsons, Ken. "International Standards and a Computer Model of Thermal Comfort." In Human Thermal Comfort, 93–103. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983-10.

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Parsons, Ken. "The Thermal Comfort Survey." In Human Thermal Comfort, 105–16. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983-11.

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Parsons, Ken. "Professor Fanger’s Comfort Equation." In Human Thermal Comfort, 11–22. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group 2020.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429294983-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Sensation and thermal comfort"

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Zhang, Han, Alan Hedge, and Beiyuan Guo. "Users’ Thermal Response to a Simulated Tablet Computer Surface." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48787.

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It has been reported that tablet computer surface temperatures can rise from room temperature up to 47°C. Holding a warm or hot computer surface might cause user’s thermal discomfort and possibly skin burns. The use of a tablet often requires holding the device for prolonged time with multiple fingers and palm areas in contact with the tablet lower surface. Previous research has not tested whole finger/palm thermal sensation at a specific surface temperature in a moderate environmental heat range. The current research investigates user’s thermal sensations on the palm and fingers, in response to warm/heat stimuli in a tablet size device with a longer contact duration than used in previous studies, to provide ergonomic design guidelines for electronic device designers and manufacturers. A tablet-size heating surface was developed comprising of nine rectangular aluminum heating pads connected with computer-controlled heaters and thermal sensors. Participants were asked to report their finger/palm thermal sensation and comfort every 45 seconds when they held the prototype for 90 seconds. Results showed a positive linear relationship between surface temperature and user’s thermal sensation and thermal discomfort. Duration of holding the prototype had no significant effect on user’s thermal comfort, but it did significantly affect thermal sensation ratings.
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Hou, Yuhan. "Effect of wind speed on human thermal sensation and thermal comfort." In MATERIALS SCIENCE, ENERGY TECHNOLOGY AND POWER ENGINEERING II (MEP2018). Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5041131.

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Zhang, Han, and Alan Hedge. "The Effect of Surface Texture on Thermal Sensation and Comfort." In ASME 2017 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2017 Conference on Information Storage and Processing Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2017-74179.

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The study investigated how the material roughness of a tablet computer surface can affect thermal sensation and comfort of users fingers and palms at different surface temperatures. Three levels of pattern spacing were tested, and it was shown that rough material surface provided higher thermal comfort comparing to a smooth surface. In addition, the surface temperature of the material also moderates participants′ physical sensation of the roughness of the materials. The results of the study have shown evidences of the potentials to use materials with spatial patterns to improve thermal comfort while dissipating heat from electronic devices.
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Chen, Xiao, and Qian Wang. "A Data-Driven Thermal Sensation Model Based Predictive Controller for Indoor Thermal Comfort and Energy Optimization." In ASME 2014 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2014-6131.

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This paper proposes a model predictive controller (MPC) using a data-driven thermal sensation model for indoor thermal comfort and energy optimization. The uniqueness of this empirical thermal sensation model lies in that it uses feedback from occupants (occupant actual votes) to improve the accuracy of model prediction. We evaluated the performance of our controller by comparing it with other MPC controllers developed using the Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) model as thermal comfort index. The simulation results demonstrate that in general our controller achieves a comparable level of energy consumption and comfort while eases the computation demand posed by using the PMV model in the MPC formulation. It is also worth pointing out that since we assume that our controller receives occupant feedback (votes) on thermal comfort, we do not need to monitor the parameters such as relative humidity, air velocity, mean radiant temperature and occupant clothing level changes which are necessary in the computation of PMV index. Furthermore simulations show that in cases where occupants’ actual sensation votes might deviate from the PMV predictions (i.e., a bias associated with PMV), our controller has the potential to outperform the PMV based MPC controller by providing a better indoor thermal comfort.
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Abou Jaoude, Rachelle, Roch El Khoury, Agnes Psikuta, and Maroun Nemer. "Individualization of Thermophysiological Models for Thermal Sensation Assessment in Complex Environments: A Preliminary Study." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71470.

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Thermal comfort of drivers and passengers inside cars compartments is a subject bouncing back to the spotlight with the electrification of vehicles. In fact, air conditioning and heating systems can reduce the battery autonomy of electric vehicles by up to 50% under certain conditions. On the other hand, although some researchers attempted to consider the individualization of thermal sensation and comfort models, the most used thermal sensation and comfort models nowadays are still those that consider a standard average person. Many studies showed the limitations of these models in predicting thermal comfort for different populations in complex environments. Therefore, if a personal thermal comfort at minimum vehicle energy consumption is required, a deep consideration should be given to the understanding of the individualization of the thermophysiological model and to identifying key parameters that have the most influence on thermal comfort. In order to evaluate the impact of different parameters on thermal sensation and comfort, a literature review was undertaken followed by a sensitivity analysis of some potentially influential parameters such as the basal metabolic rate, body weight, cardiac output, body fat content and clothing by considering the influence of their variations on thermal neutrality status and thermal sensation and comfort.
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Sharifani, Pooya, Suraj Talele, Junghyun Mun, and Yong Tao. "Direct Measurement of Occupants’ Skin Temperature and Human Thermal Comfort Sensation for Building Comfort Control." In First International Symposium on Sustainable Human–Building Ecosystems. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784479681.015.

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ITO, Yusuke, Tomonori Sakoi, and Takeshi Miyamoto. "Evaluation Method of Thermal Sensation and Comfort for Air Conditioning Performance Reduction." In WCX World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2018-01-0775.

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Maeda, Kazuki, Yosuke Mochizuki, Kazuyo Tsuzuki, and Yuki Nabeshima. "Subjective sensation on sleep, fatigue, and thermal comfort in winter shelter-analogue settings." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF GLOBAL NETWORK FOR INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY AND AWAM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN CIVIL ENGINEERING (IGNITE-AICCE’17): Sustainable Technology And Practice For Infrastructure and Community Resilience. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5005774.

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Martins, R. P., Daniele Costa, and J. C. Guedes. "Predicting thermal sensation through local body skin temperatures to assess thermal comfort: a short systematic review." In 3rd Symposium on Occupational Safety and Health. Porto: FEUP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/978-972-752-260-6_0082-0087.

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Watanuki, Keiichi, Lei Hou, and Yuuki Kondou. "Evaluation of Human Thermal Comfort Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-35430.

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Air-conditioning equipment is used in various places such as houses, office buildings, and public facilities and is indispensable in modern-day life. Therefore, the energy consumption of air-conditioning equipment accounts for a large percentage of the total energy consumption in the average household. Specifically, it accounts for 26% of the annual energy consumption in ordinary homes and 27% in industry, according to the Annual Energy Report for Japan, which was presented by the Ministry of the Economy, Trade, and Industry, and the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy in 2010. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce energy consumption by reducing the air-conditioning load. The Ministry of the Environment recommends a constant preset temperature of 28°C in summer to decrease energy consumption. However, many people feel uncomfortable in such a thermal environment. Thus, an air-conditioning control to simultaneously suppress energy consumption and maintain human thermal comfort is desired. To develop such a control, an index to accurately evaluate human thermal comfort is needed. When a person feels comfortable or uncomfortable, their prefrontal area, which is involved in thinking and the feeling of emotions, is activated. It is presumed that the measurement of the brain activation reaction of a person will reveal whether the person feels comfortable or uncomfortable in the thermal environment. The evaluation of thermal comfort by means of brain activation reactions will allow one to develop the optimum air-conditioning control to maintain human thermal comfort. This paper proposes a method to evaluate thermal comfort via brain signals and ultimately aims to develop an air-conditioning control system utilizing this evaluation method. This paper will describe the measurement procedure of brain activation reactions to indoor-temperature change by using near-infrared spectroscopy and the relationship between thermal comfort and brain activation reaction. This study also investigated the changes in oxyHb levels together with indoor-temperature changes, measured with the NIRS. We measured the changes in the oxyHb levels of the prefrontal area when the temperature increased and decreased. As a result, the oxyHb level in the prefrontal area correlated with the indoor-temperature change, the PMV, and the subjects’ declaration of thermal sensation. Conversely, the change in the oxyHb level with the inclusion of wind and a constant indoor temperature significantly differed with that with a varying indoor temperature. Furthermore, the oxyHb change correlated with the PMV and the subject’s declaration of thermal sensation. Therefore, the measured oxyHb change may represent the thermal comfort of a person.
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Reports on the topic "Sensation and thermal comfort"

1

Kolka, Margaret A., Christina M. Kesick, Leslie Levine, Sharon A. McBride, and Lou A. Stephenson. Thermal Comfort and Thermal Sensation During Exposure to Hot, Hot-Humid and Thermoneutral Environments. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada396093.

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Esaki, Hidenori, Yasutaka Kitaki, Yoshiichi Ozeki, and Tsunehiro Saito. A Combined Analysis of Human and Seat Thermal Models With Cabin CFD for Prediction of Thermal Sensation and Comfort (First Report). Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0604.

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Esaki, Hidenori, Shigeki Takano, and Ken Uemura. A Combined Analysis of Human and Seat Thermal Models With Cabin CFD for Prediction of Thermal Sensation and Comfort (Second Report). Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0605.

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Regnier, Cindy. Guide to Setting Thermal Comfort Criteria and Minimizing Energy Use in Delivering Thermal Comfort. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1169480.

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Rugh, J., D. Bharathan, and L. Chaney. Predicting Human Thermal Comfort in Automobiles. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/15016823.

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Kumphai, Pimpawan, Su Kyoung An, and Seung Bong Ko. Thermal Comfort Analysis of the Fused Liner. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1399.

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An, Su Kyoung, Seung Bong Ko, and Hae Jin Gam. Evaluating Thermal Comfort of Sweat-Management Fabrics for Sportswear. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1571.

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Xiang, Chunhui, Guowen Song, Huanjiao Dong, Liwen Wang, and Rui Li. Thermal Comfort of Chemical Protective Clothing: Effect of Body Movement on Thermal Resistance. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8267.

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Kim, Hyojin, Khiem Nguyen, Anne McGuinness, and Toan Vo Dai. Characterization of residential air distribution system performance for thermal comfort. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, December 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.gcr.19-021.

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Nam, Changhyun, Eulanda A. Sanders, and Jie Yang. It�s Time to Rethink Reused: Denim Fabric Properties and Their Effects on Foot Thermal Sensation. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8863.

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