Academic literature on the topic 'Senegal – Social conditions'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Senegal – Social conditions.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Senegal – Social conditions"
1
Magistro, John. "An Emerging Role for Applied Anthropology: Conflict Management and Dispute Resolution." Practicing Anthropology 19, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.19.1.a566422474m82421.
Full textAbstract:
In June, 1988 I arrived in Senegal to begin my doctoral field research as a member of an interdisciplinary team of social scientists from the U.S., Senegal, and France. At the invitation of the Senegalese government, I was to undertake a multi—year research initiative assessing the projected environmental and economic impacts resulting from cessation of the natural flood on the Senegal River. The main objective of the study was to understand how the impoundment of the Senegal River would affect the socioecological and political economic dimensions of production in the middle valley. It was also to document the responses of farmers, herders, and fishers to changing conditions of the river's hydrology and flooding. The river had been drastically altered in recent years by the construction of two dams, a high dam at Manantali, Mali completed in 1987, and a salt intrusion dam at Diama, Senegal, completed in 1986.
2
Jalloh, Mohamed, Jennifer Heibig, Oumar Gaye, William Ghaul, Gabrielle Yankelevich, Medina Ndoye, Mouhamadou Moustapha Mbodji, Ayun Cassell, Lamine Niang, and Serigne Magueye Gueye. "Urethral Prolapse Case Report: Surgical and Social Considerations in Senegal." Case Reports in Urology 2022 (January 24, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5541416.
Full textAbstract:
We present three cases of urethral prolapse in prepubertal females in Senegal who presented with vulvar bleeding. Careful gynecologic and urologic physical exams were performed and revealed urethral origin and prolapse. Conservative versus surgical approaches were taken in different patients, but ultimately, each patient received a urethral meatoplasty. Surgical excision of these masses yielded a full recovery in the patients. A careful review of the literature was then undertaken and showed that surgical excision or ligation of the prolapse is preferable to more conservative treatment. The case series article discusses the rare occurrence of urethral prolapse, as well as the epidemiology and prognostic and therapeutic implications of urethral prolapse in prepubertal females. Introduction. Urethral prolapse is a rare condition occurring mostly in young black females. It can be worrying to the parents as it often causes vulvar bleeding. Case Presentation. We present three cases of urethral prolapse in prepubertal females who presented with vulvar bleeding. Physical exams were performed and revealed urethral origin and prolapse. Each patient underwent a urethral meatoplasty and subsequently experienced a full recovery after respective follow-up of 2 years, 1 year, and 1 year. Conclusion. Urethral prolapse is a rare condition which can be managed successfully by surgery. Plain Language Summary. This case report on pediatric urethral prolapse showcases the different presentations and modalities of treatment, as the literature does not show that a specific treatment is always undertaken. In some countries, there are strong social considerations and they demonstrate difficulty separating sexual abuse from genitourinary pathologies, which are important to address in the treatment of these conditions.
3
Mondain, Nathalie, Alioune Diagne, and Sara Randall. "Migration and Intergenerational Responsibilities." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 648, no. 1 (May 24, 2013): 204–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716213481188.
Full textAbstract:
Migration to Europe has become a major source of financial and social resources for an increasing number of Senegalese men who are the main providers for their natal households. European migration is seen as a transitory phase, since most of them plan to return to Senegal. We use qualitative interviews conducted in 2007 in a small town in northwest Senegal to explore the dynamics of migration among young Senegalese men, identifying their goals and examining how migration affects their lives and families. Motivations to migrate for these young men are related both to the social prestige associated with being a successful migrant and to the obligations they feel toward their elders to enable them to live out their old age in the best conditions. Because migrating is costly and demands mobilization of social networks, most migrants require the support of their elders to leave, thus reinforcing their obligations toward them and contributing to transforming the relationships between generations.
4
Loimeier, Roman. "PATTERNS AND PECULIARITIES OF ISLAMIC REFORM IN AFRICA." Journal of Religion in Africa 33, no. 3 (2003): 237–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006603322663497.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractAfrican Muslim societies were characterised, in the 20th century, by the emergence of reformist movements that have gained, since the 1970s, major social, religious and political influence in a number of countries, including Northern Nigeria, Senegal, Zanzibar and Sudan. These movements of reform are, however, not recent phenomena. Rather, they look back to a history of several generations of reformist endeavour and thought that may have been influenced, to a certain extent, by external sources of inspiration. This contribution shows how the biographies of major reformist personalities such as Cheikh Touré in Senegal, Abubakar Gumi in Northern Nigeria and 'Abdallâh Sâlih al-Farsy in East Africa reflect a number of common features of Islamic reform in Africa, while their programmes of reform were shaped, at the same time, by local frame conditions.
5
Bottazzi, Patrick, and Sébastien Boillat. "Political Agroecology in Senegal: Historicity and Repertoires of Collective Actions of an Emerging Social Movement." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 3, 2021): 6352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116352.
Full textAbstract:
Agroecology has become an ideological foundation for social and environmental transformation in sub-Saharan Africa. In Senegal, agroecological advocacy coalitions, made up of farmers’ organizations, scientists, NGOs, and IOs, are using agroecology as an umbrella concept for proposing policy changes at multiple scales. We describe the history of the agroecological movement in Senegal in the context of the constitution of a national advocacy coalition. We then examine the “repertoires of collective action” mobilized by the coalition. Four repertoires are identified: technical support and knowledge co-production, territorial governance, alternative food networks, and national policy dialogue. Our analysis highlights the potential that these multi-level approaches have to sustainably transform the current food systems in sub-Saharan Africa. However, our research also reveals the limited agency of farmer organizations and the limitations of a movement that is strongly dependent on NGOs and international donors, leading to a “projectorate” situation in which contradictory policy actions can overlap. We further argue that, although the central government has formally welcomed some of the principles of agroecology into their policy discourse, financial and political interests in pursuing a Green Revolution and co-opting agroecology are pending. This leads to a lack of political and financial autonomy for grassroots farmers’ organizations, limiting the development of counter-hegemonic agroecology. We discuss the conditions under which territorial approaches, and the three other repertoires of collective action, can have significant potential to transform Sub-Saharan Africa in the coming years.
6
Sieveking, Nadine. "Koranlektüre-Kurse für „Intellektuelle“ in Dakar, Senegal: religiöse Erwachsenenbildung in frankophonen Mittelschichtsmilieus." Sociologus: Volume 70, Issue 2 70, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/soc.70.2.159.
Full textAbstract:
Seit 2015 werden in Dakar Koranlektürekurse von einer Organisation angeboten, die verspricht, mittels einfacher und effizienter Methoden die Fähigkeiten zum eigenständigen Lesen des Korans innerhalb von drei Monaten zu vermitteln. Diese kostenpflichtigen Kurse sind auf eine spezielle Zielgruppe in frankophonen urbanen Bildungsmilieus zugeschnitten, die als „Intellektuelle“ bezeichnet wird. Der Artikel untersucht den Erfolg der Kurse und die soziale Positionierung der Beteiligten, die sich aus arabophonen (Lehrende) und frankophonen (Lernende) Bildungsgruppen rekrutieren. Letzteren wurde nach der Unabhängigkeit ein exklusiver Status als nationale Bildungselite zugeschrieben, der durch anhaltende Islamisierungsprozesse ‚von unten‘ zunehmend in Frage gestellt wird. Die Analyse zeigt, dass die Kurse dazu beitragen, die symbolischen Grenzen zwischen francisants und arabisants abzubauen und den frankophonen Teilnehmenden helfen, einen sozialen Status aufrecht zu erhalten, der respektable Modernität verkörpert. Eine wichtige Rolle für den Erfolg der Kurse spielen außerdem das effektive Zeitmanagement, die pädagogischen Methoden sowie die bürokratischen, räumlichen und materiellen Organisationsstrukturen, die dem Habitus der in säkularen, modernen Bildungssystemen sozialisierten Zielgruppe entsprechen. Qur’an Reading Courses for “Intellectuals” in Dakar, Senegal: Religious Adult Education in Francophone Middle Class Milieus Since 2015, a certain type of Quran reading course has been offered in Dakar. With their simple but efficient methods, these courses promise attendees the ability to read the Quran within three months. They are subject to fees and target a specific social group, identified as “intellectuals” and located within francophone educated urban milieus. The article examines the success of these courses and the social positioning of its participants, who are drawn from Arabic-speaking (teachers) and francophone (students) educated groups. Since Senegal’s independence, the latter have been ascribed an exclusive status as the national educated elite – a status that is increasingly questioned in ongoing Islamization processes ‘from below’. The analysis shows that the courses contribute to a weakening of the symbolic boundaries between francisants and arabisants and help the participants to reinforce a social status that embodies notions of respectable modernity. The specific method and pedagogy of the courses also play an important role in their success, as do their effective time management, their bureaucratic structures, and their spatial and material conditions, since these all correspond to the habitus of the target group whose members have been socialized within modern secular education systems.
7
Tzeutschler, Gregory G. A. "Growing security: land rights and agricultural development in northern Senegal." Journal of African Law 43, no. 1 (1999): 36–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300008718.
Full textAbstract:
Are “traditional” or “indigenous” land rights an obstacle to development? The question seems simple enough. And the liberal economic perspective currently being advanced by free market advocates such as the Bretton Woods institutions answers: yes, to the extent that those traditional relations hinder the free exchange of land, they do slow development. But of course the question is more complex and requires answers to a number of subsidiary and ancillary questions. Some are definitional and empirical: what are these “traditional land rights”? To what extent do they, rather than codified law or administrative practices, define the relationships of social actors and groups to land and to each other through land? Other questions are more hypothetical: what are the alternatives to the current regime, what costs would installing them incur, and what would be their costs and benefits, once in place? Finally, there are ancillary, but still central questions: what other factors, such as ecological conditions, state policies and non-state institutions, may account for development or the lack thereof, apart from land tenure regimes?
8
Bush, Lawson, Phyllis Jeffers-Coly, Edward Bush, and Libby Lewis. "“They Are Coming to Get Something”: A Qualitative Study of African American Male Community College Students’ Education Abroad Experience in Senegal, West Africa." Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study Abroad 34, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 257–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.36366/frontiers.v34i2.610.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is a critical qualitative study of African American male community college students’ education abroad experience in Senegal, West Africa. Currently, there is a lack of research that focuses directly on Black men who are studying abroad. Using African American male theory as the framework, four major themes emerged: men to boys, challenging the notion of counternarratives, identity, and not-so-distant cousins. These themes point collectively to a transformative experience for the participants. Notably, the educational experience transformed the participants’ cultural, social, and racial identities, as the trip fostered a combination of vulnerability and safety that created the conditions for Black men to grow and transform.
9
C, Idrissa. "Identification of the Problems Induced by the Informal Districts of the Commune of Ziguinchor (Senegal) and Analysis of their Social and Environmental Impacts." Open Access Journal of Waste Management & Xenobiotics 3, no. 1 (2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajwx-16000136.
Full textAbstract:
Ziguinchor, like the rest of African cities, has experienced rapid urbanization in this last years, determined by a strong demographic increase which is out of step with the urban planning capacities of the public authorities. That creates an expansion of informal districts. The creation and development of these informal districts are left to their own devices by the authorities, who refuse to condone the illegal occupation of the lands. These letters must resort to individual practices to face the problems of basic infrastructure, sanitation ... However, these unsuitable practices are sometimes likely to provide lasting solutions to the problems posed. They neither ensure an improvement of living conditions, but damage the environment of these neighborhoods. This article, based on the literary review, qualitative and quantitative surveys and interviews, aims to highlight the interactions between the problems induced by the informal districts of Ziguinchor city and their social and environmental consequences. The results show that informal districts suffer from a lack of public lighting, drinking water supply and sanitation; second, they reveal that the discharge of wastewater on the ground (90%) and the method of burning (87%) are the main methods for treating solid and liquid waste; and finally, they attest that physical and land insecurity, esthetic and olfactory nuisances as well as pollution of the groundwater are the impacts with which the populations of the informal districts are confronted.
10
Tiquet, Romain. "Connecting the “Inside” and the “Outside” World: Convict Labour and Mobile Penal Camps in Colonial Senegal (1930s–1950s)." International Review of Social History 64, no. 3 (July 5, 2019): 473–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020859019000373.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn the late 1930s, three mobile penal camps were established in the French colony of Senegal in order to assemble convicts with long sentences and compel them to work outside the prison. Senegalese penal camps were thus a place both of confinement and of circulation for convicts who constantly moved out of the prison to work on the roads. This article argues that the penal camps were spaces of multiple and antagonistic forms of mobility that blurred the divide between the “inside” and the “outside” world. The mobility of penal camps played a key role in the hazardous living and working conditions that penal labourers experienced. However, convict labourers were not unresponsive and a range of protests emerged, from breakout to self-mutilation. These individual and intentional forms of mobility and immobility threw a spanner in the works of the day-to-day functioning of Senegalese penal camps and, more broadly, in the colonial project of mise en valeur.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Senegal – Social conditions"
1
Neveu, Kringelbach Hélène. "Encircling the dance : social mobility through the transformation of performance in urban Senegal." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b4e390d6-6d09-4d54-8034-7b3923b9f251.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis looks at the social significance of dance in Dakar, Senegal, both as an everyday practice and as a performing art. The boundaries commonly drawn between stage and mundane performance are shown to be irrelevant, as people circulate between performance spaces and dance forms. The dance itself is described as an elusive and ever-changing way of constructing identity, which is renewed every time it is performed. Most importantly, this thesis introduces dance as a vehicle of social mobility in its multiple dimensions, as an instrument in the politics of ethnicity in Senegal, and as a site of negotiation of gender relations. The complex interplay between the agency of local dancers and global performing circuits is also examined. Transformations in social status of performers are traced through time, space and across three genres of performance: the sabar, which is central in what I call "women's dances", folkloric performance, and recent choreographic experiments, lumped under the misleading label of "contemporary dance". The sabar and women's dance events are examined both as the local movement style that informs some of the choreographic work displayed on stage, and as a central space in which alternative gender relations are experimented with. I suggest that urban dance events have become increasingly dominated by women, for whom the dance is a convenient way of excluding men from their sociality, or including them on their own terms. Women are thus able to retain the control of important aspects of social life (the socialization of young girls, marriage negotiations, exchanging secrets on how to "tie" a husband), engage in trade and coach each other into small-scale business. Alongside the celebration of female solidarity, dance events are also moments of intense female competition. This is achieved through fashion, sexually explicit dancing and elaborate manipulation of the body. I argue that in a depressed economic climate which has turned to the disadvantage of most men, women are discreetly using their favourite form of sociality - the dance to make advances into the socio-economic domain. The argument on the performer's status through time takes the pre-colonial status stratification, particularly the figure of the Griot-performer, as a starting point. I suggest that the international career opportunities generated by the development of the folkloric genre from the 1960s onwards have helped modify the perception of the performer, albeit on a moderate scale. Further improvement has recently been achieved with the emergence of "contemporary dance". This is because the most successful performers within this experimental genre have benefited from the opportunity to promote themselves as individual artists. Moreover, when on tour abroad they are usually paid more and perform in more prestigious theatres than they do with folkloric performance, which often remains confined to "African festivals" and tourist resorts. In Senegal, they engage in collaborative work with visiting artists from Europe, North America or Japan. By contrast with the elitist character of the genre in its early days, in the 1970s, "contemporary" Senegalese dance is gradually becoming popularized, as people promote themselves as artists with a social consciousness. But the thesis also emphasizes that social mobility is not equally available to all, and that success, far from being a linear process, also contains the possibility of its own downfall: touring abroad may lose much of its appeal once people realize that they are being exploited. For performers who experiment with "contemporary" forms, social recognition can easily turn into accusations of doing "White people's stuff". This may partly explain why these performers are so keen to make their "local" grounding explicit, and why they nurture a fascination with "tradition". In a broader sense, this study also highlights the complexities of globalization processes in performance. It hints at the risks of the forms of globalization that reinforce power imbalances. Indeed, the renewed interest in the "contemporary" arts of Africa may be seen as part of a more general movement towards exploiting the creativity of African cultures. I examine people's ambivalent attitudes towards this, and argue that people perceive their own lives, as well as their status in the wider world, as deeply entangled with the representations of Africa which are projected onto the worldwide stage.
2
Mladovsky, Philipa. "Social capital and enrolment in community-based health insurance in Senegal." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/928/.
Full textAbstract:
Universal coverage is a core health system goal which can be met through a variety of health financing mechanisms. The focus of this PhD is on one of these mechanisms, community-based health insurance (CBHI). CBHI aims to provide financial protection from the cost of seeking health care through voluntary prepayment by community members; typically it is not-for-profit and aims to be community owned and controlled. Despite its popularity with international policymakers and donors, CBHI has performed poorly in most low and middle income countries. The overarching objective of this PhD is therefore to understand the determinants of low enrolment and high drop-out in CBHI. The PhD builds on the existing literature, which employs mainly economic and health system frameworks, by critically applying social capital theory to the analysis of CBHI. A mixed-methods multiple case study research design is used to investigate the relationship between CBHI, bonding and bridging social capital at micro and macro levels and active community participation. The study focuses on Senegal, where CBHI is a component of national health financing policy. The results suggest that CBHI enrolment is determined by having broader social networks which provide solidarity, risk pooling, financial protection and financial credit. Active participation in CBHI may prevent drop-out and increase levels of social capital. Overall, it seems CBHI is likely to favour individuals who already possess social, economic, cultural and other forms of capital and social power. At the macro level, values (such as voluntarism, trust and solidarity) and power relations inhering in social networks of CBHI stakeholders are also found to help explain low levels of CBHI enrolment at the micro level. The results imply the need for a fundamental overhaul of the current CBHI model. It is possible that the needed reforms would require local institutions to develop new capacities and resources that are so demanding that alternative public sector policies such as national social health insurance might emerge as a preferable alternative.
3
Mbaye, Jenny F. "Reconsidering cultural entrepreneurship : hip hop music economy and social change in Senegal, francophone West Africa." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/201/.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing interest in the cultural economy is part of an attempt to invent new industrial development strategies that comprises a capacity to transform locations. In policy-making, the cultural economy is commonly framed from an economic perspective that salutes the role of the cultural economy and the dynamics of entrepreneurship in processes of urban and regional developments. Moreover, explorations of cultural economy and entrepreneurship are mainly represented by studies of Europe and North America. This thesis departs from such a normative perspective, and critically examines the links between a situated music economy, its cultural entrepreneurs and social change in West Africa. The empirical investigation of West African hip hop musical practitioners is framed by the notion of “community of practice”. The situated practices of these cultural workers and their music production ecology are investigated – methodologically – from a grounded perspective in order to grasp the originality of their materiality and aesthetics. The empirical focus of this thesis research is Dakar, one Francophone West African urban locale, which is contrasted with the ‘test case’ site of Ouagadougou. The case study locations are ‘experientially situated’, and over seventy semi-structured interviews were conducted with a range of participants both directly and indirectly involved in the hip hop music economy. Underpinning this research is the starting point that using “community of practice” as a conceptual framework offers a theoretically informed empirical basis for situating cultural entrepreneurship in the context of the West African music economy. In response, this thesis introduces the transcultural dimension of Hip Hop to frame its radical culturalisation of the West African music economy. This is done by singling out the political, social and theoretical significance of how hip hop entrepreneurship has become a force to be reckoned within social change in Francophone West Africa: this is a significant contribution of the thesis.
4
Daddah, Amel. "State-society exchange in modern Sahelian Africa: Cultural representation, political mobilization, and state rule (Senegal, Mauritania, Chad, Sudan)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186159.
Full textAbstract:
Modern African states need to be analyzed from a perspective which complements, corrects, or specifies dependency/world-system and structural marxist explanations of peripheral political dynamics. This dissertation offers such a perspective as it seeks to explain variations in state-society exchange among four comparably dependent modern nations of the Sahelian African region (Senegal, Mauritania, Chad, Sudan). The model accounts for the political ramifications--state's mode of rule, level and type of opposition mobilization--of each country's ethno-religious configuration. It assumes that trans-national economic (and/or geopolitical) dynamics do not necessarily weigh more heavily on the dynamics of state-society relations than local political processes.
5
Cisse, Coumba. ""Vivre à l'ombre proche" du barrage de Manantali : les formes de représentations sociales des impacts dans les campements et les villages environnants." Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080063/document.
Full textAbstract:
En 1988, le Bassin du fleuve Sénégal au Mali a vu la mise en service d’un barrage par l’Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du fleuve Sénégal (OMVS). L’objectif principale est la production d’énergie électrique partagée entre : le Mali (52%), le Sénégal (33%) et la Mauritanie (15%). Mais l’apparition de cet ouvrage constitue une perturbation profonde dans l’organisation et le fonctionnement des espaces riverains. Les territoires autour du Bafing, affluent où se localise le barrage, se trouvent ainsi cloisonnés en une partie amont et aval du lac de retenue. Ce dernier a insufflé une nouvelle dynamique spatiale avec l’installation récente de 25 campements de pêche.Cette nouvelle économie constitue un facteur d’attraction de pêcheurs professionnels venus des régions du Centre du Mali, particulièrement de Mopti et de Ségou. Le lac devient ainsi une immense réserve de poissons avec des tailles plus importantes par rapport à ceux capturés dans les affluents du Bafing, du Bakoye, ou même du fleuve Sénégal. En amont du barrage, la pêche devient la première activité économique poussant des jeunes agriculteurs et éleveurs «autochtones» à une reconversion professionnelle pas toujours aboutie. Les campements de pêcheurs occupent un ancien site des villages déplacés lors de la construction du barrage. Trente-trois villages sont actuellement réinstallés en aval du barrage dans le finage d’autres hameaux préexistants. Cette cohabitation bouleverse l’occupation de l’espace et entraine des tensions foncières. Certains sites comme Manantali à 5 km du barrage en sont les grands bénéficiaires. Ce village s’est transformé en un véritable « centre-rural », en accueillant les cadres et les ouvriers qualifiés et toute la main d’œuvre venus du Mali voire de l’étranger. Cet afflux d’habitants urbanisés a profondément changé la configuration du site et l’a surtout fortement ségrégué. Les bureaux de la société d’exploitation au pied du barrage, le vieux village de Manantali, les cités des ouvriers et celle des cadres sont autant de témoins d’un espace urbain en devenir, fonctionnel et très inégalitaire. Le principal objet de cette étude est l’étude des impacts du barrage de Manantali sur l’organisation socio-spatiale et physique des territoires riverains. L’entrée par une lecture des représentations sociales, consensuelles comme conflictuelles, par les habitants et les différents acteurs, est privilégiée. L’analyse des données quantitatives et des différents discours identifie les expressions tant des effets environnementaux physiques que socioéconomiques suscités par l’ouvrage. Le concept de représentations sociales est posé de la façon suivante: «les représentations forment des codes mémorisés par le cerveau, mobilisables de façon consciente et se prêtant à de multiples utilisations mentales. Ces codes servent en particulier à décrypter notre environnement géographique, mais aussi à communiquer avec autrui, à rêver, imaginer, planifier et orienter nos conduites ou nos pratiques les plus diverses» (DI MEO, 2008). Cette étude d’impact se positionne donc le domaine de la géographie sociale.Au cœur de cette étude se trouvent les acteurs, les responsables politiques à différentes échelles, et surtout l’habitant ordinaire qui vit à l’ombre du barrage de Manantali. Cette notion d’ombre doit être comprise dans la polysémie des impacts de l’ouvrage, tout autant néfastes que bénéfique, et par rapport à son aire d’influence. Les principales zones d’étude considérées se situent à « l’ombre proche » de l’ouvrage, ou à l’échelle locale, dans un rayon de 50 kilomètres autour du barrage. Il s’agit de 8 villages déplacés et anciens. Mais également des 25 campements de pêche autour du lac de retenueIn 1988 the Senegal River basin in Mali has witnessed the building of a dam by the Organization for the Development of the Senegal River (OMVS) in French. The main objective is the production of electric power shared between: Mali (52%), Senegal (33%) and Mauritania (15%). But the birth of this dam has deeply disrupted the organization and functioning of all the waterside’s areas. The territories around the Bafing, the river where the dam is localized, are now strictlydivided by the reservoir between an upstream and downstream portions. This artificial lake has created new types of spatial organization with the recent settlements of 25 fishing camps.This new economy has created a pull factor for professional fishermen coming from the central regions of Mali, particularly Mopti and Segou. The lake hence becomes a huge fish reserve with larger sizes compared to those caught in the Bafing, the Bakoye or even in the Senegal River. In the upstream areas of the dam, fishing has become the first business activityencouraging local young farmers and herdsmen towards an unlikely professional retraining.Fishermen settlements occupy former site of displaced villages due to the dam construction. Thirty-three villages have been relocated downstream of the dam in the lands of existing hamlets. This cohabitation disruptstraditional land use and leads to social strains
6
N'Diaye, Marième. "La politique constitutive au Sud : refonder le droit de la famille au Sénégal et au Maroc." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40019/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le droit de la famille constitue un sujet très sensible dans les pays musulmans et donne lieu à une controverse récurrente, principalement structurée autour des pôles islamique et féministe. C’est le cas au Sénégal et au Maroc où l’option retenue par le législateur - qui vise à renforcer les droits des femmes dans le cadre d’un texte cherchant à concilier impératifs islamiques et injonction à la modernité - est loin de faire l’unanimité. En prenant les débats sur le droit de la famille comme point de départ, ce travail se propose - à partir d’une analyse croisant action publique et sociologie politique du droit - de voir comment l’Etat cherche à réguler l’intime pour s’affirmer comme entreprise totale de domination dans un contexte marqué par un fort pluralisme normatif. La comparaison par contrastes dramatiques permet de centrer l’analyse sur le différentiel de capacité et de légitimité des Etats marocain et sénégalais pour mieux saisir le processus différencié d’institutionnalisation de l’Etat au sud. Dans les deux cas, l’Etat cherche à tirer avantage de la controverse en jouant sur les différents systèmes normatifs et en impliquant l’ensemble des acteurs qui le reconnaissent comme arbitre légitime, ce qui lui permet de conserver le pouvoir déterminant de la mise en forme juridique. Afin de pallier les difficultés d’application du droit, l’Etat s’appuie également sur les acteurs non étatiques pour le diffuser, ce qui confirme le caractère co-produit de la politique du droit de la famille. Si le droit étatique ne constitue pas la norme unique mais une norme mobilisable parmi d’autres, il contribue néanmoins à l’orientation des schèmes de perception et d’action des individus et renforce ainsi la prétention de l’Etat à constituer l’autorité politique ultimeIn Muslim countries, Family Law is a highly sensitive matter, which generates recurrent controversy, mainly polarised around Islamic and feminist positions. This is, for instance, what can be observed in Senegal and Morocco. In both countries, the legislator tried to mediate this tension by strengthening Women’s Rights within a text that conciliates Islamic imperatives and injunction to modernity. But this solution is far from receiving unanimous support.Taking the Family Law debate as a starting point, this work combines public policy studies and political sociology of law to analyse how the State tries to regulate the intimate sphere in order to be viewed as the sole domination apparatus within a context of strong normative pluralism. The comparison between the Moroccan and the Senegalese States - a comparison based on ‘dramatic contrasts’- allows to focus the analysis on the differences between the Morocco and Senegalese states in terms of capacity and legitimacy, and thus helps us in better understanding the specificity of state-institutionalisation processes in developing countries.In both cases, the State tries to take advantage from the controversy. It plays on the different normative systems and involves all the actors who acknowledge it as the legitimate arbitrator in order to keep and consolidate its power of law framing. Furthermore, in order to overcome the difficulties linked to law enforcement, the State relies on non-state actors to apply the law. This evidences and confirms the fact that Family Law is the result of a process of co-production. Even if State jurisprudence does not constitute the only normative order, but one amongst others, it nevertheless importantly influences individual behaviour on both the cognitive and the experiential levels. It thus reinforces the State’s pretention to constitute the ultimate political authority
7
Tandjigora, Abdou Karim. "L’évolution économique et sociale comparée de deux régions sénégalaises dans le processus de colonisation, décolonisation et développement : le boundou et le gadiaga, 1885-1980." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40040/document.
Full textAbstract:
L’évolution économique et sociale comparée de deux régions sénégalaise dans le processus de décolonisation : Le Boundou et le Gadiaga 1885-1980Ce travail est le diagnostic de l’évolution interne du Boundou et du Gadiaga (Sénégal oriental) dont les économies respectives n’ont suscité que peu d’intérêt pour le pouvoir colonial et les élites postcoloniales. Le processus et les mécanismes de leur marginalisation sont jusqu’ici mollement signalés pour ce qui concerne le Gadiaga et ne sont pas envisagés dans le cas du Boundou ; d’ailleurs, les travaux antérieurs sont exclusivement circonscrits dans la période de la domination coloniale, et n’établissent aucune "passerelle" entre les manifestations coloniales et postcoloniales de la marginalisation.Cette exclusion de l’économie globale du Sénégal en toute époque est la résultante de l’orientation des politiques économiques et de la faible opportunité offertes par les politiques publiques à certaines régions. Les facteurs de la marginalisation du Boundou et du Gadiaga sont pour ainsi dire d’ordre structurels (absence d’investissement digne de ce nom et de solutions économiques durables) et non conjoncturels. Sur le plan social, les conséquences économiques sont lourdement ressenties, avec la genèse de phénomènes tels l’exode rural, l’émigration massive et organisée de travail et le bouleversement des structures sociales, ce qui accentue à rebours le retard économique. Il se produit à terme une sorte de cercle vicieux de la marginalisation puisque l’accentuation du retard économique par les phénomènes sociaux, encourage les autorités publiques à différer les investissements, voire à y renoncer, en prenant parfois pour seul prétexte la régression démographique dont sont victimes toutes les "périphéries".La similarité de la situation économique entre le « temps partagé » colonial et le « temps propre » postcolonial et les comportements sociaux considérés comme leurs effets induits ne permettent-elle pas de dire que le schéma de gestion de l’État moderne du Sénégal est simplement le rejeton de la politique colonialeThe economic and social evolution compared by two regions of Senegal in the process of decolonisation: Boundou and Gadiaga on 1885-1980This thesis is the analysis of the internal evolution of Boundou and Gadiaga (Eastern Senegal) whose economies have been little entitled to the colonial and postcolonial elites. The processes and mechanisms of marginalisation are so far softly reported regarding the Gadiaga’s area but this has not been considered in the case of Boundou, and indeed previous work exclusively restricted to the period of colonial domination and makes no “link” between the colonial and postcolonial manifestations of marginalisation.This exclusion of the overall economy of Senegal in many ways and any time is the result of the orientation of economic policies and low opportunities offered by public policies in certain areas. The factors of marginalisation of Boundou Gadiaga are basically structural order (lack of substantial investment and lack of vision and strategy on long run but weakness of sustainable economic approaches) and non-cyclical economic mechanism. Along the social aspects, the population undergoes heavily the economic consequences of the lackluster of the region, and the conditions entail the mass movement of population from rural to urban area (rural exodus) and the disruption of social structures, which increase the pressure of the economic on backwardness. It occurs on short run vicious circle of marginalisation since the accentuation of economic backwardness by social phenomena, encourages public authorities to push back investment’s programs or cancel it, by spotlighting the pretext of the declining population.The similarity of the economic condition between the “shared time” colonial and “owned time” postcolonial and the social behaviours considered induced effects does not allow the scheme management of the modern state of Senegal is simply the offshoot of colonial policy
8
Diouf, Mamadou. "Du rapport au métier enseignant : le cas des corps émergents dans l'enseignement élémentaire au Sénégal." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAG005.
Full textAbstract:
Le Sénégal est un pays en développement marqué par des ressources budgétaires très faibles et qui plus est, avec une démographie galopante (42,1% de la population ont moins de 15 ans) qui induit une forte population en âge d’aller à l’école. Face à cette équation, les autorités étatiques ont trouvé comme solution une contractualisation des enseignants qui permettrait d’atteindre la Scolarisation Primaire Universelle (SPU). Une politique conjoncturelle instaurée depuis 1995 qui est devenue structurelle aujourd’hui car elle demeure l’unique voie pour devenir enseignant à l’élémentaire comme dans le secondaire. De ce fait, dans les écoles élémentaires sénégalaises officient, actuellement, des titulaires qui sont des fonctionnaires et des contractuels qui n’ont ni le même mode de recrutement encore moins la même formation (si elle existe) et sont deux à trois fois moins rémunérés. Cette recherche porte sur ces enseignants de type nouveau et vise plus particulièrement à la compréhension du rapport qui les lie au métier enseignant qu’ils exercent dans des conditions particulières. Notre cadre théorique a permis de relever les déterminants du rapport au métier (le statut, l’image sociale, l’identité professionnelle et le rapport au savoir), et d’étudier le cas des contractuels à travers leur choix du métier, leur formation académique et professionnelle, et enfin leurs représentations du métier enseignant. Une recherche qualitative et interprétative qui s’est effectuée à MBacké dans la région de Diourbel dont la particularité est d’être la 3eme région la plus peuplée du Sénégal après Dakar la capitale, et Thiès, et pourtant la moins scolarisée du pays avec un Taux Brut d’Accès (TBA) de 79,9% au moment où il frôle 113,0% au niveau national. Cette recherche est basée sur une analyse sociohistorique d’évènements marquants du système éducatif sénégalais doublée d’une interprétation d’entretiens semi-directifs réalisés sur un échantillon de 25 interviewés composé d’inspecteurs de l’éducation, de directeurs d’école, de titulaires, de contractuels et de parents d’élèvesSenegal is a developing country marked by very low budgetary resources and a rapid population growth (42.1% of the population are under 15 years) which indicates that a large primary school-aged population. To deal with this concern, state authorities have decided to recruit contractual teachers that would achieve Universal Primary Education (UPE-SPU). An economic policy implemented since 1995 has now become structural as being the only way to become a teacher at the elementary and secondary level. Therefore, classes teachers who are officials and contractual teachers are presently officiated at present in Senegalese elementary schools and do not benefit from the same recruitment method much less the same training (if any) and are two to three times lower paid.This work focuses on the type of new teachers and more particularly to the understanding of the relationship that binds them to the teaching profession they exercise under specific conditions. Our theoretical framework focus on the determinants of the relationship to work (status, social image, professional identity and the relationship to knowledge) and to study the case of contractual teachers through their job choice of, their academic and professional training and finally their representations of the teaching profession. A qualitative and interpretive research that is done in Mbacke, Diourbel whose particularity is to be Senegalese’s 3rd most populated region after the capital Dakar and Thiès, and yet the least educated in the country with a Gross Access Rate (GTR -TBA) 79.9% when it is near 113.0% nationally. This research is based on a socio historical milestone of the Senegalese education system coupled with an interpretation of semi-structured interviews with a sample of 25 respondents composed of inspectors of education, principals, owners, contractors and parents
9
Gilbert, Patience Lysias Dodd. "Les effets délétères de la Polygamie sur les hommes et les enfants dans la société sénégalaise postcoloniale : une analyse d'une si longue lettre de Mariama Bâ, La Grève des Bàttu d'Aminata Sow Fall et Le Ventre de L'Atlantique de Fatou Diome." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5029.
Full textAbstract:
L’arrivée des femmes d’Afrique sur le champ de la littérature écrite était attardée à cause d’un
ensemble des facteurs, nommément: la scolarisation insuffisante des filles, le facteur familial,
culturel, religieux. Avant les indépendances, l’image de la femme africaine présentée dans
l’écriture des romanciers africains était très dégradante. Elle a été présentée comme objet de
domination patriarcale, qui n’avait ni voix ni personnalité. Les femmes africaines étaient vues
comme des personnes qui devaient accomplir les travaux routiniers du foyer sans poser des
questions. Elles acceptaient leur condition car elles n’avaient pas les moyens et la détermination
de réfuter ou de rejeter la subjugation de l’homme.
Heureusement, l’indépendance de la plupart des pays francophones en 1960 a incité des
transformations sociales qui affectaient les femmes dans tous les aspects de vie. Avec la
proclamation en 1970 de l’Année internationale de l’éducation, l’Unesco a abrogé l’inégalité
d’accès des femmes à l’éducation. L’instruction permettait ainsi à la femme de se réveiller et de
prendre conscience de sa position inférieure. Les nouvelles technologies, telles que la presse et
la radio, ont contribué aux changements des mentalités de femmes. Ainsi, après un long silence
qui a suivi la publication de Ngonda de la Camerounaise Marie-Claire Matip, publié en 1956, et
Rencontres essentielles d’une autre Camerounaise Thérèse Kuoh Moukoury en 1969, les
premiers ouvrages littéraires féminins ont été publiés au milieu des années 1970, précisément,
1975, consacré années internationale de la femme.
En bref, la littérature féminine d’Afrique francophone est devenue une littérature engagée et un
moyen puissant de conscientisation. Dans leur écriture les écrivaines condamnaient l’oppression
des hommes à travers les thèmes majeurs tels que le mariage, la polygamie, la circoncision, etc.
Elles ont commencé à décrire les femmes africaines comme intelligentes, actives, capables,
déterminées et à la recherche de justice.
On note que le Sénégal est le premier territoire d’Afrique francophone, avec une prédominance
islamique, qui a produit un grand nombre de romancières. Elles ont écrit et exposé les multiples
tendances sociales qui affectent les sénégalaises, parmi lesquelles la polygamie (Stringer,
1996 :15).
Ces multiples tendances amènent les critiques littéraires à considérer les divers thèmes
analytiques du problème de l’oppression des femmes au Sénégal et en Afrique en général.
Néanmoins, cette recherche littéraire a pour objectif d’analyser le thème de la polygamie et ses
conséquences négatives sur les enfants et les hommes dans Une si longue lettre de Mariama Bâ,
La Grève des bàttu d’Aminata Sow Fall et Le Ventre de l’Atlantique de Fatou Diome. L’accent
jusqu’à présent était sur les effets délétères sur les femmes, sans l’analyse de son impact négatif
sur les hommes et les enfants. C’est sur ce fond que cette recherche va tenter d’évaluer les
raisons cachées de la polygamie et jusqu'à quel point la polygamie abaisse les hommes et mène à
l’abus des enfants. Nous allons citer les cas tiré des oeuvres des trois auteurs féminines qui sont
citoyennes du Sénégal.Thesis (M.A.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2010.
Books on the topic "Senegal – Social conditions"
1
Buggenhagen, Beth A. Muslim families in global Senegal: Money takes care of shame. Bloomington, Ind: Indiana University Press, 2012.
Find full text
2
Power, prayer, and production: The Jola of Casamance, Senegal. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Find full text
3
Ndione, Emmanuël Seyni. Dakar, une société en grappe. Paris: Karthala, 1993.
Find full text
4
Marja, Linden, ed. Senegal ja maaseutukylät: Tutkimus sähköistyksen vaikutus- mahdollisuuksista. Tampere: IVO Consulting Engineers, 1985.
Find full text
5
Wegemund, Regina. Politisierte Ethnizität in Mauretanien und Senegal: Fallstudien zu ethnisch-sozialen Konflikten, zur Konfliktentstehung und zum Konfliktmanagement im postkolonialen Afrika. Hamburg: Institut für Afrika-Kunde, 1991.
Find full text
6
Dance circles: Movement, morality and self-fashioning in urban Senegal. New York: Berghahn Books, 2013.
Find full text
7
Piga, Adriana. Dakar e gli ordini sufi: Processi socioculturali e sviluppo urbano nel Senegal contemporaneo. Roma: Bagatto, 2000.
Find full text
8
Piga, Adriana. Dakar e gli ordini sufi: Processi socioculturali e sviluppo urbano nel Senegal contemporaneo. Roma: Bagatto, 2000.
Find full text
9
Renaud, Michelle. Women at the crossroads: A prostitute community's response to AIDS in urban Senegal. Australia: Gordon and Breach, 1997.
Find full text
10
Friebe, Jens. Altern im Senegal: Gesellschaftliche Transformationsprozesse am Beispiel der Situation der Alten in einem Dorf der Unteren Casamance. Saarbrücken: Verlag für Entwicklungspolitik, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Senegal – Social conditions"
1
Seal, Carey. "Solitude and Independence." In Philosophy and Community in Seneca's Prose, 24–73. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190493219.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Seneca participates in and substantially adds to a Greco-Roman tradition of reflection on the social prerequisites of philosophy. This chapter shows how Seneca develops an account of philosophy’s history and the social conditions that give rise to it. Philosophy’s promise of autonomy is always realized against a social background. Seneca’s attention to this background offers a counterweight to his frequently expressed admiration for the Cynics. Close examination of Seneca’s views about the development of technology and medicine and about the communication of philosophical ideas shows that the Cynic claim that the philosopher can and should slough off the bonds of society stands at odds with Seneca’s description of philosophy’s social enmeshment.