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Journal articles on the topic 'Semi-trailer'

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1

Wang, Jin Gang, Zhi Cheng Cui, and Li Zhong Liu. "Parameterized and Modular Theory Used in Rapid Design System of Simi-Trailer Tanker." Advanced Materials Research 383-390 (November 2011): 1664–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.383-390.1664.

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In order to improve the quality of semi-trailer tanker design, shorter the development cycle, lower cost, and combine with structural features of its own semi-trailer tanker, the use of modular design theory, a module partition, structural analysis and interface settings and other methods of semi- trailer to the overall structure of tanker design the general framework of semi-trailer tanker. With the UG/OPEN and Microsoft C++6.0 development tools, parameterize the parts of semi-trailer tanker. Developed in the context of the semi-trailer tanker UG rapid design system design module, and verify its feasibility.
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2

Tung, Nguyen Thanh. "Setting up the braking force measurement system of the tractor semi-trailer." Engineering Solid Mechanics 9, no. 4 (2021): 415–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5267/j.esm.2021.6.001.

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The braking force of the tractor semi-trailer depends on many random factors and road parameters. Therefore, determining the braking force based on theoretical calculation or simulation is not accurate. This paper presents the method of setting up the braking force measurement system of the tractor semi-trailer on the road and constructing the braking dynamics model of the tractor semi-trailer to investigate the braking force using Matlab-Simulink software. The study results show that the average error between the simulation and experimental results of the tractor semi-trailer braking force is 9,81%.
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3

Stobnicki, Paweł, Aleksander Rakowicz, Krzysztof Zembrowski, and Maciej Bajerlein. "Shaping the NGS-9,6t semi-trailer's construction in the aspect of increasing transport capabilities." WUT Journal of Transportation Engineering 125 (June 1, 2019): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6579.

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The article presents the results of modifying virtual models of the NGS-9,6t semi-trailer (a gooseneck semi-trailer with a maximum total weight of 9.6 tons) in terms of increasing its transport capabilities. The semi-trailer was developed at the Industrial Institute of Agricultural Engineering in Poznan as part of research and development project no. WND-POIG.01.03.01-00-164/09, which concerned the protection of wetlands against the succession of vegetation resulting degradation of the natural environment. The real model of the semi-trailer, in cooperation with the Institute, was made by Metalinvest company. The article contains information about the results of testing semi-trailer's virtual models in the context of strengthening the frame elements of the loading ramp, in order to increase its transport possibilities.
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4

Zhou, Shu Wen, Si Qi Zhang, and Guang Yao Zhao. "Jackknife Control on Tractor Semi-Trailer during Emergency Braking." Advanced Materials Research 299-300 (July 2011): 1303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.299-300.1303.

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Emergency braking on a low coefficient of friction or split-mu road surface, the semi-trailer may push the tractor from behind until it spins round and faces backwards, and a jackknife accident occurs. In this paper, the tractor semi-trailer kinematics was analyzed and a 3-dof of tractor semi-trailer model was used to design a state observer to estimate the articulation angle. To avoid a jackknife, the four-channel ABS which can produce maximum braking force will be switch to three-channel ABS according the estimated articulation angle. The virtual prototyping simulation results show that the jackknife control system can improve the tractor semi-trailer lateral stability under emergency braking and shorten the stop distance dramatically on split-mu road surface at high speed.
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Zhou, Shu Wen, Si Qi Zhang, and Guang Yao Zhao. "Stability Control on Tractor Semi-Trailer during Split-Mu Braking." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.549.

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Handling behaviour of articulated vehicles combination is more complex and less predictable than that of non-articulated vehicles. It is usually difficult for drivers to maneuver a tractor semi-trailer during high speed emergency braking on split-mu road surface. Braking on this type of road surface, the conventional anti-lock braking systems will cause the vehicle deviate from the desired direction, or overmuch stopping distance. In this paper, a 3-dof of tractor semi-trailer model was used to produce desired yaw rates which were compared with actual yaw rates. An active front steering control and four-channel ABS were integrated to improve the tractor semi-trailer lateral stability while braking on split-mu road surface, which will produce maximum braking force. A full function tractor semi-trailer model was built and assembled in multi-body dynamics software, and the dynamic analysis was performed on split-mu road surface. The simulation results show that the integrated system can improve the tractor semi-trailer lateral stability under braking on split-mu road surface.
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6

Bai, Guoxing, Chen Liang, Yu Meng, Li Liu, Weidong Luo, and Qing Gu. "Obstacle Avoidance of Semi-Trailers Based on Nonlinear Model Predictive Control." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10040072.

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Obstacle avoidance is a core part of the autonomous driving of off-road vehicles, such as semi-trailers. Due to the long length of semi-trailers, the traditional obstacle avoidance controller based on the circumcircle model can ensure that there is no collision between the semi-trailer and the obstacle, but it also greatly reduces the passable area. To solve this problem, we propose a new obstacle avoidance model. In this model, the distance between the obstacle and the middle line of semi-trailers is used as the indicator of obstacle avoidance. Based on this model, we design a new obstacle avoidance controller for semi-trailers. The simulation results show that the proposed controller can ensure that no collision occurs between the semi-trailer and the obstacle. The minimum distance between the obstacle center and the semi-trailer body trajectory is greater than the sum of the obstacle radius and the safety margin. Compared with the traditional obstacle avoidance controller based on the circumcircle model, the proposed controller greatly reduces the error between the semi-trailer and the reference path during obstacle avoidance.
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7

Odhams, A. M. C., R. L. Roebuck, B. A. Jujnovich, and D. Cebon. "Active steering of a tractor–semi-trailer." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 225, no. 7 (June 22, 2011): 847–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407010395680.

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8

Wei, Chao Yi, Xu Guang Li, Mei Zhi Xie, and Feng Yan Yi. "Soft Measurement Technology for Tractor-Semi Trailer." Applied Mechanics and Materials 494-495 (February 2014): 821–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.494-495.821.

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A three degree of freedom vehicle dynamic model of a tractor semi trailer is established and a simulation mode is set up with the Matlab/simulink software. Then, design a Kalman state estimator, using easily measured parameters to estimate the tractor side slip angle, trailer yaw rate those are difficult measured or measuring in high cost; the simulation show that: the estimated value coming from estimator agree well with the simulation measurements, and can improve the estimation accuracy by adjusting the process noise covariance matrix and measurement noise covariance matrix.
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9

Mikhailov, A. V., A. I. Zhigulskaya, and YA Kasakov. "Modeling of peat tractor semi-trailer motion." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1061, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 012026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1061/1/012026.

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10

Zhou, Shuwen, and Siqi Zhang. "Study on Tractor Semi-Trailer Roll Stability Control." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, no. 1 (September 16, 2014): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010238.

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The rollover accidents in the tractor semi-trailer are often fatal and many factors could cause the tractor semi-trailer rollover. In this paper, a rollover prevention control method was proposed based on real-time calculation of rollover index. The vehicle Center of Gravity (CG) height from the ground is an important parameter in the rollover index and it is estimated through lateral acceleration sensor and suspension deflection sensors. Comparing the rollover index with the preset threshold, the differential braking will be applied to corresponding wheels once the trigger conditions are met. A roll stability control simulation was performed on the dynamic model based on virtual prototyping. The results show that the rollover prevention control proposed in this paper can stabilize the tractor semi-trailer and prevent from rollover on high speed curve driving.
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11

Han, Qiu Fang, Qi Bai Huang, and Shan De Li. "Comparative Analysis of Static Strength of Traditional and Bionic Semi-Trailer Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 320–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.320.

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A three-dimensional entity model of storage grid semi-trailer frame was designed using the Pro/E software. The model was transferred into the ANSYS for static strength analysis. On this basis, bionic structure was introduced into design of semi-trailer frame. The static strength of bionic and traditional structure was contrasted under the same conditions of weight.
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12

Zhang, Qianwen, Chuqi Su, Yi Zhou, Chengcai Zhang, Jiuyang Ding, and Yiping Wang. "Numerical Investigation on Handling Stability of a Heavy Tractor Semi-Trailer under Crosswind." Applied Sciences 10, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10113672.

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Due to the large lateral area of the trailer and variable road conditions, the handling stability of a heavy tractor semi-trailer under crosswind is very important for road safety. In this present work, numerical simulation is performed to study the crosswind effects on handling stability of a tractor semi-trailer. The aerodynamic characteristics of the tractor semi-trailer under different crosswind were computed by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Then, mathematical models to reveal the relationship between the aerodynamic forces and crosswind were constructed to serve as inputs of the multi-body dynamics to analyze the handling stability under crosswind. The performance of crosswind stability is evaluated by the response of lateral acceleration, yaw rate and the lateral displacement. The lateral acceleration and yaw rate were decreased by a maximum of 14.6% and 16.5% compared to the truck without the deflector, which showed that the crosswind aerodynamics and stability were obviously improved.
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13

Guo, Xing Yu, and Peng Zhang. "Research on the Manufacturing Process of the Whole Fiber Hollow the Trailer Axle." Advanced Materials Research 602-604 (December 2012): 1883–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.602-604.1883.

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With the rapid development of road transport enterprise and the popularity of car trailer transport, semi-trailer has become the main means of transport of road freight. So the semi-trailer manufacturing has become an important component part of the auto industry. Speed and heavy duty are the long-term pursuit of the High-speed transport, the key to solving this problem is a component of lightweight, while the hollow axle is the important one. The hollow axle manufacturing process, with many process factors, is more complex than the solid one. Therefor, the research on the hollow axle manufacturing process is very necessary.
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14

Warwas, Kornel, and Iwona Adamiec-Wójcik. "Modelling Articulated Vehicles with a Flexible Semi-Trailer." Archive of Mechanical Engineering 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 389–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/meceng-2013-0025.

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Abstract The paper presents a model of an articulated vehicle with a flexible frame of a semi-trailer. The rigid finite element method in a modified formulation is used for discretisation of the frame. In order to carry out effective numerical simulation, a reduced model with a considerably smaller number of degrees of freedom is proposed. The parameters of the reduced model are chosen in an optimization process by using a genetic algorithm. To this end, it is assumed that the full and reduced model have to be similar in the range of static deflections and frequencies of free vibrations. Numerical simulations are concerned with the influence of the flexibility of the frame on the motion of the articulated vehicle during an overtaking maneuver. Results are presented and discussed
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15

Koulocheris, Dimitrios, and Clio Vossou. "ALTERNATIVE DESIGN FOR A SEMI – TRAILER TANK VEHICLE." Mobility and Vehicle Mechanics 44, no. 2 (October 3, 2018): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24874/mvm.2018.44.02.05.

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16

Tung, Nguyen Thanh, Vo Van Huong, and Phan Tuan Kiet. "Experimental research on determining the vertical tyre force of a tractor semi-trailer." International Journal of Modern Physics B 34, no. 22n24 (July 10, 2020): 2040163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979220401633.

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The vertical tyre force is crucial to the study of the dynamics of a tractor semi-trailer. The paper presents an experimental method for determining the vertical tyre force by determining the vertical acceleration of the un-sprung mass and the vertical acceleration of the sprung mass when the tractor semi-trailer moves. The results of this study form the basis for determining the dynamic tyre force without the installing of sensors on road.
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17

Cole, D. J., and D. Cebon. "Influence of tractor—trailer interaction on assessment of road damaging performance." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 212, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407981525759.

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The influence of dynamic interaction between tractor and trailer on the assessment of the road damaging performance of heavy goods vehicles is investigated using simple mathematical models. Tractor and trailer damage indices are used to quantify the ‘in-service’ road damaging performance of a simulated fleet of vehicles with parametric variations typical of highway traffic in the United Kingdom. Simulated results of assessment tests on individual tractor—trailer combinations are correlated with the performance of the simulated vehicle fleet. The main aim is to establish the characteristics of a ‘standard’ semi-trailer to be used in the assessment of tractors, and a ‘standard’ tractor for testing semi-trailers. It is found that measurement of suspension ‘frequency’ gives the poorest correlation with the damage indices, while the ‘dynamic aggregate force coefficient’ gives the best correlation. Correlation achieved when assessing trailers is higher than when assessing tractors. Optimum specifications for standard test tractors and trailers to maximize test accuracy are determined.
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18

Bai, Zhenyuan, Yufeng Lu, and Yunxia Li. "Method of Improving Lateral Stability by Using Additional Yaw Moment of Semi-Trailer." Energies 13, no. 23 (November 30, 2020): 6317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13236317.

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The lateral stability control of tractor semi-trailer plays a vital role for enhancing its driving safety, and the distributed electric drive structure of a hub motor creates opportunities and challenges for realising the lateral stability accurately. Based on the dynamics simulation software TruckSim, a nonlinear dynamic tractor semi-trailer model is established, and a MATLAB/Simulink linear three-degree-of-freedom monorail reference model is established. The upper controller adopts fuzzy proportional–integral–derivative control to export active yaw torque values of the tractor and semi-trailer. The lower controller outputs the driving/braking torque of each wheel according to the target wheel driving/braking rules and torque distribution rules. The tractor produce an active yaw torque through conventional differential braking the hub motor is installed on both sides of the semi-trailer, and the active yaw torque is produced by the coordinated control of the driving/braking torque of the hub motor and the differential braking of the mechanical braking system. To prevent wheel locking, the slip rate of each wheel is controlled. Finally, based on the TruckSim–MATLAB/Simulink cosimulation platform, cosimulation is performed under typical working conditions. The simulation results show that the control strategy proposed in this report is superior to the conventional differential braking control (ESP). It can not only improve the lateral stability of the vehicle more effectively, but also improve the roll stability.
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19

Zhang, Lanjiang, Weidong Luo, Zhongguo Huang, and Honglei Dong. "Force simulation of trailer/semi-trailer integral axle and fracture mechanism study of XCQ16 steel." Strength, Fracture and Complexity 8, no. 4 (2014): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/sfc-150173.

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20

Synák, František, Vladimír Rievaj, Monika Kiktová, and Tomasz Figlus. "THE POSSIBILITIES OF REDUCING THE FUEL CONSUMPTION BY COVERING THE LOADING CAPACITY OF TIPPING SEMI-TRAILER DESIGNED TO CARRY BULK MATERIALS." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 6, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 455–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v6.i1.2018.1654.

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The amount of fossil fuels consumed has direct impact on global pollution and health status of the human population. An increasing amount of fuel consumed leads to the increase using of non-renewable resources of energy. This article deals with possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer. The introduction of this paper describes the impact the amount of fuel consumed on production of carbon dioxide. The ratio of driving resistances to fuel consumption is shown in the graph. In the second part of the article there is the methodology of the measurements. The measurements were conducted by driving test. The fuel consumption of tipping semi-trailer was measured during the driving with uncovered and covered loading capacity. The importance of this paper lies in the quantified the possibilities of reducing the fuel consumption by covering the loading capacity of tipping semi-trailer designed to carry bulk materials.
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21

Yuan-yuan, Ren, Zheng Xue-lian, and Li Xian-sheng. "Handling Stability of Tractor Semitrailer Based on Handling Diagram." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2012 (2012): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/350360.

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Handling instability is a serious threat to driving safety. In order to analyze the handling stability of a tractor semitrailer, a handling diagram can be used. In our research, considering the impact of multiple nonsteering rear axles and nonlinear characteristics of tires on vehicle handling stability, the handling equations are developed for description of stability of tractor semi-trailer. Then we obtain handling diagrams so as to study the influence of driving speed, loaded mass, and fifth wheel lead on vehicle handling stability. The analysis results show that the handling stability of a tractor semi-trailer when the tractor has two nonsteering rear axles is better than that when the tractor has only one nonsteering rear axle. While the stability in the former case is slightly influenced by driving speed and loaded mass, the latter is strongly influenced by both. The fifth wheel lead is found to only slightly influence handling stability for both tractor semi-trailers. Therefore, to ensure the driving safety of tractor semi-trailers when the tractor has only one nonsteering rear axle, much stricter restraints should be imposed on driving speed, and the loaded mass must not exceed the rated load of the trailer.
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22

Zhang, Pei Ming, Wei Wang, and Wei Chun Zhang. "Finite Element Modal Analysis of a Semi-Trailer Frame." Applied Mechanics and Materials 685 (October 2014): 199–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.685.199.

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The paper carries out the finite modal analysis of a Semi-trailer frame and obtains the modal parameters such as frame natural frequency and vibration mode. It also compares the modal analysis results with the excitation frequency effect caused by the road on the frame, the conclusion supports a reference to improve the frame design.
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23

Jagelčák, Juraj, Monika Kiktová, and Marcel Frančák. "The Analysis of Manoeuvrability of Semi-trailer Vehicle Combination." Transportation Research Procedia 44 (2020): 176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trpro.2020.02.025.

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24

E. J. Timm, G. K. Brown, and P. R. Armstrong. "Apple Damage in Bulk Bins During Semi-trailer Transport." Applied Engineering in Agriculture 12, no. 3 (1996): 369–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.25661.

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25

Tohti, Gulbahar, Dilinaer Mahemuti, and Mamatjan Tursun. "Finite Element Analysis to Stringer of a Semi-Trailer." Key Engineering Materials 522 (August 2012): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.522.400.

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In this research, 2D and 3D FEM model of one stringer of a semi-trailer was built. Mesh generation and boundary conditions definition was processed on FAST software. Effective stress distribution diagram was obtained after FEM analysis to stringe structure under various working conditions. Main stress concentration area was defined and causes for stress concentration was analyzed. After all, suggestion for improvement and structure optimization was given.
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26

HATANO, Tadashi, Atsunari HIROTA, and Harushige YANAGISAWA. "A Coupling Mechanism of Tractor and Semi-Trailer Combinations." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series C 65, no. 636 (1999): 3355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaic.65.3355.

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27

Książek, M. A., and J. łuczko. "Optimal vibration isolation of a tractor–semi-trailer system." Vehicle System Dynamics 45, no. 3 (March 2007): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423110601140318.

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28

Madhusudhanan, Anil K., Daniel Ainalis, Xiaoxiang Na, Isabel Vallina Garcia, Michael Sutcliffe, and David Cebon. "Effects of semi-trailer modifications on HGV fuel consumption." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 92 (March 2021): 102717. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2021.102717.

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29

Abdelkareem, Mohamed AA, Mostafa M. Makrahy, Ali M. Abd-El-Tawwab, ASA EL-Razaz, Mohamed Kamal Ahmed Ali, and MM Moheyeldein. "An analytical study of the performance indices of articulated truck semi-trailer during three different cases to improve the driver comfort." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part K: Journal of Multi-body Dynamics 232, no. 1 (May 22, 2017): 84–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464419317709895.

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Heavy trucks are mostly used for international transportations, with longer highways and long driving hours contributing to corresponding increases in the driver’s fatigue that is related to accidents. Therefore, this study aims to improve the truck ride performance using multistage leaf springs and semi-active suspension for the driver seat. This analytical study describes the influence of the truck main suspensions on the performance indices analytically using MATLAB Simulink for different loading conditions in three case studies: fully laden articulated truck (case A), unladen truck (case B), and empty semi-trailer and a multistage leaf springs is considered after designing the main leaf spring stiffness based on particle swarm optimization (case C). This study exhibits a contribution based on the fact that changing the trailer cargo weight has considerable effects on the natural frequency of the vibration modes of the vehicle system, particularly for articulated carriage. Subsequently, the influence of the dynamic interaction of an articulated vehicle between the semitrailer and the tractor on its ride behavior has been investigated. The model has also predicted the effect of total trailer cargo on performance indices for 13 degrees of freedom model of a 6-axle articulated truck semi-trailer vehicle with a random road excitation. Additionally, a semi-active driver seat suspension based on skyhook strategy and seat passive suspension are compared in terms of the power spectral density and root mean square values. The results showed that the truck ride performance is improved significantly, and all the acceleration responses are suppressed dramatically when a designed multistage leaf spring suspension is considered in case C. The current analysis demonstrated that using specific and adjustable suspension parameters can positively enhance the riding behavior of the unladen vehicle. The results showed that the cab, tractor, and trailer acceleration improved by 22%, 21%, and 28%, respectively, which provides a comfort driving trip essentially for long distance traveling.
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30

Ye, Yao, and Yong Hai Wu. "The Finite Element Analysis of a Heavy Semi-Trailer Frame Based on ANSYS." Applied Mechanics and Materials 644-650 (September 2014): 455–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.644-650.455.

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Frame has important effects on the performance of the whole of heavy semi-trailer. A heavy semi-trailer frame is analyzed and researched on in the finite-element way in this article. The frame of 3D geometric model is established by using Pro/E. And it was imported into the Hypermesh to establish frame finite element model. Frame are calculated by using ANSYS solver in bending condition, emergency braking conditions and rapid turn conditions of stress and deformation conditions. The computational tools and methods we used provide the new type of frame and development with a reference method to refer to in this paper.
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31

YANG, Xiujian. "Nonlinear Dynamics and Lateral Stability of Tractor Semi-trailer Vehicle." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 48, no. 08 (2012): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2012.08.079.

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32

Dai, Li Li, Jing Gang Wang, Shuang Zhao, Ya Qiong Deng, and Nan Jia. "Optimal Design of Semi-Trailer Frame Based on Topology Optimization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 197 (September 2012): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.197.502.

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40t semi-trailer frame is optimized by usage of topological optimization and static/dynamic analysis technology. After the optimization, The static characteristics of frame completely satisfy requirement of intensity and stiffness, and the quality is reduced by 10% compared with the original frame. The dynamic characteristics of the new frame have been improved greatly, which indicate that the optimized frame structure is more reasonable, and lay the foundation for reducing the cost and improving manufacturing efficiency.
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33

Song, Nianxiu, Jian Su, Dongjie Wang, and Hongfei Liu. "Lateral Stability of Semi-trailer Train Running along a Curve." Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development (English Edition) 5, no. 2 (September 2011): 132–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/jhtrcq.0000078.

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34

Chowdhury, Harun, Hazim Moria, Abdulkadir Ali, Iftekhar Khan, Firoz Alam, and Simon Watkins. "A Study on Aerodynamic Drag of a Semi-trailer Truck." Procedia Engineering 56 (2013): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2013.03.108.

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35

Matikainen, V., J. Backman, and A. Visala. "Semi-automatic coupling of an agricultural tractor and a trailer." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 47, no. 3 (2014): 11583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20140824-6-za-1003.00437.

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36

Müller-Deile, Felix, Johannes Heseding, Gerd Schünemann, and Thomas Dieckmann. "Fuel Savings of an Electrified Semi-trailer in Driving Tests." ATZ worldwide 122, no. 5 (April 24, 2020): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38311-020-0219-8.

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37

Dobretsov, Roman, Matvey Gubachev, Ivan Naletov, and Alexey Vasiliev. "On the way to driverless road-train: Digital technologies in modeling of movement, calculation and design of a road-train with hybrid propulsion unit." SHS Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00030. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184400030.

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Today, road-trains are one of the most widely-spread and multi-tonnage transport vehicles on road arteries interconnecting countries and cities. The concept of hybrid road-trains mostly meets the widely-spread policy for stepping up the rates of exhaust gas emissions and reducing specific hydrocarbon fuel costs but only an intermediate link in the development of more significant and important design – a driverless road-train. This article considers active trailers and their models with different design options for heavy tractor truck propulsion unit drive. The influence of trailer link drive on turning has been studied in “Universal gear” software. Special attention has been given to an electrical drive of active semi-trailer wheels as the most advanced one at the present moment. We have obtained the data intended to be used in design of active trailer chassis and identified the weight and size characteristics of energy accumulators required for movement of a road-train with active trailer. The efficiency factor for different semitrailer drives has been analyzed and calculated, in particular: Low EF of electrical drive. The relevancy of active trailer concept including that for driverless road-trains has been determined on the basis of received data.
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38

Field, William E., Yuan-hsin Cheng, Roger Tormoehlen, Robert Aherin, Charles Schwab, Daniel Neenan, and Matthew Roberts. "Editorial: Let’s Stop Treating Our Youth Like Dummies." Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health 24, no. 2 (2018): 57–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/jash.12822.

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At a recent training event to evaluate various types of rescue devices and strategies to extricate victims from partial entrapment in free-flowing grain, a group of volunteer high school students were invited to participate as test subjects. For each test, two youth were equipped with full-body harnesses and lifelines, asked to stand on the grain surface in a semi-trailer load of dry corn, and then allowed to be drawn into the grain as the bottom discharge gate under each youth was opened. Both “victims” were drawn into the grain at either end of the trailer at the same time, each located over the deepest section of the trailer directly above a hopper. Photos were taken of the entrapped youth showing no more than their heads and shoulders above the grain surface. Keywords:
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39

Zhang, Rong Hui, Tao Liu, Yu Long Pei, and San Qiang Yang. "Control Dominant Factors Analysis for Under-Actuated Vehicle Platoon Stability System." Key Engineering Materials 579-580 (September 2013): 626–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.579-580.626.

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As a kind of flexible and under actuated systems which based on cooperative vehicle infrastructure system (CVIS), autonomous tractor-semi trailer platoon in vehicle networking can enhance the information interaction and controllability of safety. Establish the two degree of freedom model of tractor-semi trailer firstly. Then, we analysis dominant factor and equilibrium point for the under actuated physics system's stability including its coordination evolution rule. Space-time mathematical model was established based on the dynamic observation information during vehicle platoon driving. μ-Synthesis robust controller was designed to deal with real time conditions, for example, following, lane changing and obstacles avoiding. The parameters of autonomous under actuated platoon controller can be adjusted on-line by fuzzy rules. Finally, we verify robust stability and dynamic performance of autonomous under actuated platoon tracking controller by the computation simulation method.
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40

Zhang, Wei Chun, Xian Bin Du, Bing Bing Ma, Bao Hao Pei, Jie Chen, and Zhong Xi Liu. "The Finite Element Analysis and Topology Optimization of Semi-Trailer Frame." Advanced Materials Research 424-425 (January 2012): 90–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.424-425.90.

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Create the finite element model of the frame in ANSYS, and then apply the corresponding boundary conditions and loads for static analysis under the two typical operating conditions of the bending and twisting. And then identify the part suffered a relatively bigger stress in the frame by analyzing the results to verify whether it meets the requirements of its strength. Finally, make a preliminary topology optimization for the frame
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41

Shang, Guo Juan, Gen Li Shan, and Xi Juan Qi. "Optimization Design of a New Heavy-Duty Self-Unloading Semi-Trailer." Advanced Materials Research 317-319 (August 2011): 2373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.317-319.2373.

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Based on sufficient market research, a new model of self-unloading semi-trailer, whose maximum loading capacity is 30 tons, has been designed. The paper describes its overall structure, the three-dimensional diorama model and the finite element model of the frame. Based on the analysis of the models and the results of the calculation, the parameters of the frame are optimized. The advantages of the new design are as follows: the new design makes the most of the advantages of self-unloading trailers and semi-trailers, that is, self-unloading, security, stability, high efficiency, environmental protection.
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42

Xing, Zhou, Sun Huan-Wu, Li Nan, Dou Wei, and Yan Jie. "Research on Rapid Design System for Semi-trailer Based on KBE." Information Technology Journal 11, no. 3 (February 15, 2012): 368–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2012.368.371.

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43

Van Quynh, Le. "Influence of semi-trailer truck operating conditions on road surface friendliness." Vibroengineering PROCEDIA 16 (December 17, 2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.21595/vp.2017.19321.

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44

Turnbull, Stuart R. "Roll-on/roll-off semi-trailer models: a comparison of results." Journal of Marine Science and Technology 5, no. 3 (December 2000): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007730070006.

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45

Januszka, Marcin, and Rafał Napierała. "Application of virtual and augmented reality techniques for visualizing the results of FEM numerical analyses." Mechanik 92, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 61–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2019.1.13.

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An innovative approach for presenting the results of numerical FEM analysis is presented. Proposed visualization method uses virtual and augmented reality techniques for this purpose. The practical application of the new tool is presented on the example of strength analysis of the side beam of the curtainsider semi-trailer.
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46

Peňáz, Jan, and Ondřej Voltr. "Dynamic Analysis of Three-Axle Semi-Trailer Road Tank Driving Over Barrier." Transactions of the VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava, Mechanical Series 59, no. 1 (June 30, 2013): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.22223/tr.2013-1/1939.

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47

Dzuba, A. O., A. A. Zvonko, and M. B. Sokil. "Ground of power clutch characteristics of specialized upgraded semi-trailer and tractor." Military Technical Collection, no. 17 (November 9, 2017): 14–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.17.2017.14-22.

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48

Chamaillard, Y., and G. L. Gissinger. "Formal and Architectural Aspects of Modelling, the Case of a Semi-Trailer." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 29, no. 1 (June 1996): 7714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)58932-6.

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49

Kulkarni, Abhijit, Rushikesh Nanaware, Akhilesh Kulkarni, and Vikrant Garud. "Synthesis and Optimization of Steering Mechanism of Extra-Long Semi-Trailer Vehicle." Procedia Structural Integrity 14 (2019): 158–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prostr.2019.05.021.

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50

Liu, Xuanzuo, Anil K. Madhusudhanan, and David Cebon. "Minimum Swept-Path Control for Autonomous Reversing of a Tractor Semi-Trailer." IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 68, no. 5 (May 2019): 4367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2019.2895513.

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