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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Semi-trailer'
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Baadkar, Chetan Chandrakant. "Semi-Trailer Structural Failure Analysis Using Finite Element Method." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5240.
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This project is centred on an ongoing trailer component failure problem at the STEELBRO New Zealand Ltd due to cracks. In this research the problem has been systematically approached using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The approach involves investigation of the problem and structural analysis of the trailer subjected to two types of service conditions. The service conditions are simulated in ANSYS which involved CAD and finite element modelling of the trailer, and then the finite element model is validated experimentally by strain gauges and geometrically by ANSYS element shape checking capability. The finite element model subjected to static structural analysis confirmed the crack locations and indicated the cause of the failure. Further fatigue analysis on one of the loading condition revealed it’s potential to cause failure at the crack locations. Finally, this research concludes with a proposal of revised component design to overcome the failure at the crack locations and recommendations for further analysis on the trailer.
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Strydom, Ockert Jacobus. "The design of a refrigerated semi-trailer using advanced composites." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/717.
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Kat, Cor-Jacques. "Suspension forces on a tri-axle air suspended semi-trailer." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06242009-153546/.
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Mugarza, Imanol. "Constrained dynamic path planning for a tractor and semi-trailer vehicle." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för informationsteknologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28655.
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The aim for this project is to design and implement a dynamic path planningmethod for a tractor and semi-trailer vehicle. This vehicle will be in environmentwhich is simulated as a harbour, where containers and other autonomously guidedvehicles are represented as possible objects. Various physical limitations of thevehicle are taken into consideration. For this purpose, a simulator is built, where the environment is reproduced.During the simulation, the vehicle should drive towards the goal avoiding contain-ers and other vehicles, which are sensed by a detection and tracking system. Also,a case study is provided where the functionality of the proposed solution is shownin a given environment. Based on the results of the project, the vehicle computes and follows a tra-jectory towards the goal until a collision is predicted. A new alternative path iscalculated then in order to avoid the obstacle.
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Tengdelius, Fredrik. "Long-haulage transport in China : A mapping of segments, needs and future trends for semi-trailers." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103008.
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This report describes the Chinese truck transport industry; how companies in that industry manage their businesses and the problems they face regarding how they can conduct their long-haulage transport business as efficiently as possible. The method used in this thesis is a qualitative approach where data mainly have been collected through interviews with transport companies. Initially, the components necessary for road transport are discussed, what separates them and how legal demands limit them. Through studies and interviews with transport companies in China and Europe, differences between the different continents are identified in terms of development level and efficiency in logistics handling. These aspects are connected to factors such as salary differences and legislations to finally identify three key segments for the Chinese market. These segments are then analyzed individually and compared against each other to identify one segment where an optimized semi-trailer could improve the current segment and also be an attractive product, for transport companies in that segment as well as for semi-trailer manufacturing companies. Specifications for a proposed semi-trailer are suggested based on needs for that segment. Finally different options for the introduction of such a product at the Chinese market are investigated considering risk-taking, profit requirements and feasibility. This study shows and arguments that there is a big market potential for better semi-trailers than the ones used in the market today and that the segment with the biggest improvement possibilities is a segment where both weight and volume are bottlenecks in the daily business. This study further shows that a high potential can be seen through a growing market and new legislations in China which implies that current semi-trailers will have to be phased out within a period of fifteen years to a product that fulfills the new legislations.Denna rapport beskriver den kinesiska lastbilstransportmarknaden, hur aktörerna på denna bedriver sin verksamhet och vilka problem de står inför med avseende på att bedriva sin verksamhet så effektivt som möjligt. Använd metod är en kvalitativ approach där data huvudsakligen införskaffats genom intervjuer med transportföretag. Inledningsvis diskuteras de ingående fordonstyper som utgör en bas för lastbilstransporter, deras olika egenskaper, vad som skiljer dem åt och hur lagkrav begränsar dessa. Genom studier och intervjuer av transportföretag i Kina och Europa identifieras olikheter mellan de två kontinenterna vad gäller utvecklingsgrad och effektivitet i logistikhantering. Dessa kopplas ihop med faktorer så som löneskillnader och lagkrav för att slutligen dela upp den kinesiska marknaden i tre segment. Dessa segment analyseras därefter individuellt och ställs mot varandra för att identifiera ett segment där en optimerad semi-trailer dels skulle kunna förbättra det befintliga segmentet men också utgöra en attraktiv produkt för de företag som befinner sig däri, samt för företag som producerar semi-trailers. Specifikationer för den föreslagna semi-trailern läggs fram baserat på behov i det segmentet. Slutligen utvärderas olika möjligheter för att introducera en sådan produkt på den kinesiska marknaden med avseende på risktagande, vinstkrav och genomförbarhet. Denna studie visar och argumenterar för att det finns en stor marknad för bättre semi-trailers än de som marknaden för närvarande använder och att det segment där störst vinst kan göras är ett segment där både vikt och volym utgör flaskhalsar för den dagliga verksamheten. Studien visar vidare att det finns en potential i semi-trailerförsäljning på den Kinesiska marknaden genom förändrade lagkrav vilka kräver att nuvarande semi-trailers byts ut från marknaden inom en femtonårs period och ersätts med nya lagliga.
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Debesay, Teclemicael Tewelde. "Experimental verification of the finite element analysis of a dynamically loaded semi-trailer." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49960.
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Thesis (MScEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of the thesis is to compare results obtained from a finite element analysis method (FEM) to experimental results of a 12.2m long semi-trailer driven off-road. Semi-trailers are of great importance in the transport industry. Furthermore, the need to obtain optimum and reliable semitrailers in this crucial stream of industry is indispensable. The work focuses on comparing the two results so that the finite element method may be used as design analysis and redesigning tool as a substitute to testing. The semi-trailer was driven on a relatively rough off-road at different speeds, at 70kmlh, 50kmlh and 40kmlh loaded with about 12 tonnes of brick pallets. The forces at the suspension of the semitrailer and strains at different parts were measured with the help of strain gauges and other data acquisition equipment. A finite element model of the semi-trailer was modelled in Nastran for Windows. The trailer parameters in the finite element were tuned to curve fit the test results. A comparison of the two /' results was made based on the average of absolute values and standard deviation, to verify the validity of the finite element model.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die tesis is om die resultate wat verkry is deur eindige element metodes (EEM) met eksperimentele resultate van 'n 12.2 m lang leunwa wat bestuur is op 'n grondpad te vergelyk. Leunwaens is baie belangrik vir die vervoer industrie. Verder is die behoefte om optimum en betroubare leunwaens in die industrie te vervaardig baie nodig. Die werk fokus daarop om die 2 resultate te vergelyk sodat die EEM gebruik kan word as ontwerp analiese en herontwerp gereedskapstuk en as 'n vervanging vir toetsing. Die leunwa was op 'n redelike rowwe pad teen verskillende snelhede nl. 70km/h, 50km/h en 40km/h met 'n 12 ton baksteen vrag gery. Die kragte by die suspensie van die leunwa en die vervorming by verskillende onderdele is gemeet met behulp van rekstrokies en ander data versamelings toerusting 'n Eindige element model van die leunwa is gemodelleer in "Nastran for Windows". Die sleepwa parameters in die eindige element model is verstel d.m.v krommepassing van die toets resultate. 'n Vergelyking van die 2 resultate is gebasseer op die gemiddelde van die absolute waardes en standaard afwykings, om die geldigheid van die eindige element model te kontroleer.
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Míková, Barbora. "Efektivita využití konceptu EMS v porovnání s jinými způsoby přepravy." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205619.
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This thesis focuses on concept of European Modular System. It describes its characteristics, main advantages and disadvantages and experiences of other countries. A separate chapter focuses on swap bodies so that modular heavy goods vehicles can be compared to them in practical part of this thesis. Aim of this thesis is to evaluate what is better for transport of particular goods, if classical semi-trailer unit with maximum allowed length of 16,5 m, combined transport road-rail with use of swap bodies or modular heavy goods vehicle. Costs, transpotation times and emissions will be compared in this section. The thesis also aims at evaluating if main arguments of opponents of this concept are eligible or not.
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Coker, Rick. "An investigation into the feasibility and application of fibre composites to flatbed semi-trailers." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2003. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001417/.
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The highly competitive nature of the transportation industry has produced significant demand for increased equipment efficiency. This has been manifested in attempts to increase carrying capacity whilst lowering running costs. While these factors remain at the forefront of trailer design, the dependence on steel as the primary material has limited the extent to which these goals are realised. The advantages associated with the use of fibre composite materials in automotive applications have been well documented, demonstrating that the substitution of steel with fibre composite materials greatly increases the scope for tare mass reduction. However, to fully utilise the advantages produced through the use of fibre composites, it is necessary to formulate a design philosophy that incorporates the selection of materials and the definition of acceptable performance of both the material and the trailer. This dissertation addresses this broad subject. Within this greater context, this study addresses the incorporation of fibre composite materials into semi-trailers, with the significant issues being divided into two areas: - The development of a design philosophy, intended specifically to address the application of fibre composites to semi-trailers. - The design, analysis and experimental validation of a new type of fibre composite trailer chassis, utilising the aforementioned design philosophy. This PhD project is a foundational study on the suitability of fibre composite materials in the heavy transportation industry, primarily focusing on a practical assessment of the potential for tare mass reduction. The work presented in this dissertation is seen to provide a basis for fibre composite trailer design, in addition to a foundation upon which further investigation into this field can be made. The major outcomes of this project include, amongst others: - The definition of significant load cases and trailer classifications · The development of a design philosophy suited specifically to FRP semi-trailers - The establishment of selection criteria which identifies appropriate FRP materials for use in this application - The development of a new type of FRP chassis for a flatbed semi-trailer - Validation of the design philosophy through experimental testing - Affirmation of the potential of FRPs in application to flatbed semi-trailers
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Du, Toit Johannes Francois. "Design evaluation and redesign of a refrigerated semi-trailer structure using the finite element technique." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51674.
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Thesis (MEng)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The finite element technique was used to do an in-depth design evaluation and optimisation of a 15.45-metre refrigerated semi-trailer. Although the emphasis is placed on finite element modelling and its application on a heavy transport vehicle, the paper covers the whole design evaluation and redesign process. Special consideration is also given to the manufacturing process as to ensure that the data generated can be implemented in an effective manner.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Eindige element spanrungs analises was gedoen op 'n 15.45-meter verkoelingsleunwa. Die doelwit was om die huidige ontwerp te evalueer en die ontwerp veral vanuit 'n koste en sterkte oogpunt te optimeer. Die fokus van hierdie tesis is die eindige element analises en ontwerpskommentaar hierop gebaseer. Die verhandeling hanteer egter die hele ontwerp en vervaardigingsproses sodat die data hierin versamel en verwerk, prakties uitgevoer kan word.
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Sládková, Nikola. "Analýza kombinovaných jízdních souprav." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-205618.
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This master thesis is focused on the analysis of economy efficiency of the European Modular System. This determination is going to proceed from comparison of standard and longer trucks. The sense of this thesis is to find out, if standard or longer trucks are more efficient. The comparison is going to be made with the aid of a calculation of costs, which arise on two chosen independent routes. The conclusion evaluation of the trucks is going to work on these analyses.
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Arnström, Daniel. "State Estimation for Truck and Trailer Systems using Deep Learning." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148630.
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High precision control of a truck and trailer system requires accurate and robust state estimation of the system. This thesis work explores the possibility of estimating the states with high accuracy from sensors solely mounted on the truck. The sensors used are a LIDAR sensor, a rear-view camera and a RTK-GNSS receiver. Information about the angles between the truck and the trailer are extracted from LIDAR scans and camera images through deep learning and through model-based approaches. The estimates are fused together with a model of the dynamics of the system in an Extended Kalman Filter to obtain high precision state estimates. Training data for the deep learning approaches and data to evaluate and compare these methods with the model-based approaches are collected in a simulation environment established in Gazebo. The deep learning approaches are shown to give decent angle estimations but the model-based approaches are shown to result in more robust and accurate estimates. The flexibility of the deep learning approach to learn any model given sufficient training data has been highlighted and it is shown that a deep learning approach can be viable if the trailer has an irregular shape and a large amount of data is available. It is also shown that biases in measured lengths of the system can be remedied by estimating the biases online in the filter and this improves the state estimates.
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Peňáz, Jan. "Třístranně sklápěná korba návěsu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229275.
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This diploma thesis deals with proposal three-side tipping body of tractor semi-trailer with maximum weight 23 tons. In beginning the thesis includes background research part and design of conception body inclusive back door. In the middle part thesis contains the strength calculations using the finite element method, shape optimization and check strength calculation. Strength checks consider especially deformation and strain analysis in different load angle states. The work is finished by analytical calculations included partial body of semi-trailer. Enclosed are graphic illustrations results in program ANSYS Workbench. Part of the thesis is also design documentation. Work is created in co-operation with company ZDT Ltd. Body is designed for universal for multipurpose versatile body carrier Mega 230.
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Tevetzidis, Ilias. "Prototype for automotive roll over safety system." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskap och matematik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-80179.
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This thesis presents the theory, methodology and results of building, tuning and testing a prototype for controlling body roll movement. Body roll is a result of lateral acceleration that acts on a vehicle when turning and result in torque on the roll center of the vehicle. The objective of this thesis is, in collaboration with Freno Air AB [7], to build a prototype and, with the help of sensors and micro controllers, restrict the body roll to avoid roll over on a semi-trailer that the company builds. The control unit in this thesis includes two PID controllers that is vastly used today in many different applications. The control unit is fed with signals from two pressure sensors on each side of the prototype frame. The pressures are given by four syringes, two on each side that are connected to the pressure sensors. One PID has small gains of KP = 0.2, KD = 0.005 and KI = 0 to take care of smaller and slower variations of pressure difference and one PID with higher gains of KP = 1, KD = 1 and KI = 0 to take care of faster and bigger variations in pressure difference which in both of the cases the pressure difference translates to body roll. The pressures give is enough of information of the prototypes state to be able to control it with the help of a motion platform that is able to roll in opposite direction to equalize the pressures. The results for the two cases of slow roll and fast roll are promising with a fast response, few oscillations and overshoots, which makes the system fast and stable, two things that are opposites in the world of closed loop control. The experiment was performed in a stationary form with applied disturbances and actuated with a motion platform capable of roll rotation.
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Wilkerson, Lee Pagens. "A Solution for Commodity Field Hauling with Self-Unloading Semi-Trailers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/1157.
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Commodity hauling of bulk goods is a growing enterprise that has expanded from hauling agricultural products to hauling many other bulk products. Commodity trailers are used to haul agricultural products from storage facilities to processing plants. These trailers are designed for highway use but are frequently required to work in field conditions as well. In many cases this environment overstresses these trailers and results in permanent irreparable damage. In addition to the structural problems of these trailers, the current systems for unloading the bulk produce from these trailers have serious inadequacies. While functional, the currently used chain and non-chain driven belt discharge devices are expensive and often problematic, requiring frequent maintenance and replacement. Furthermore, the discharge device also causes damage to the produce. This thesis provides innovative solutions to these two key problems and introduces a completely new trailer design that can be used for both field and road conditions. The main chassis of the trailer has a framework of ribs supported by two I-beams. This unique rib design combined with the main I beams act as large vertebra, which results in a rigid underbody that maintains flexibility and strength. Special consideration was taken while creating this design to account for dynamic loading on soft muddy soils or uneven surfaces while still maintaining the desired lightweight trailer characteristics. In addition to the improved trailer frame and body design, a simple and effective device for unloading bulk products was constructed. The new design-a belt-over-chain system-is actually two separate systems performing one job in unison with different characteristics and speeds. The system works by means of a hydraulic orbit motor that actuates the drive chains into motion. The weight of bulk commodities on the chain presses the unattached conveyor belt against the chain and cross-members, creating friction, which advances the conveyor belt. This thesis solves two of the problems associated with hauling bulk produce from the field to the storage facility and sets the groundwork for improving the hauling capabilities used to move commodities from the field. Finally, this thesis introduces a new commodity self-unloading trailer for hauling produce, which has a belt system that preserves quality and a body design that provides trailer longevity.
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Kinik, Ayça. "Safety while handling trailers." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen Designhögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82492.
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Road transportation grew by 3.3 % per year over the past ten years which is faster than the economic growth of 2.3 % per year. European Commission plans for an increase of 55 % for road transportation between 2000 and 2020. This growth puts pressure on current trucking industry considering fuel consumption, emissions of green house gases, and traffic congestion. High demand logistics industry and current pressure creates trends towards flexibility and longer vehicle combinations for efficiency and to reduce the number of engines on roads, challenging the current coupling methods of the trailers. Primary method called 5th wheel coupling comes from a similar coupling used on 4 wheel horse-drawn carriages of the 19th century which is reliable in terms of attaching truck and trailer but has significant safety, efficiency and comfort issues for driver and the vehicles-people around. So what if hauling setup could be safer and smarter?
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Boaretto, Joel. "Comportamento estrutural de um chassi de semirreboque submetido a manobras relacionadas às dinâmicas lateral e vertical." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/79826.
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A elaboração de projetos de chassi para semirreboques exige a compilação de fatores primordiais à sua aceitação, como atender a requisitos normativos, adequar-se a legislações de trânsito vigentes, conciliar anseios de transportadores e responder adequadamente às excitações das estradas por onde estes irão trafegar. A junção destes requisitos de entrada, geralmente, resulta em limitações estruturais ao semirreboque, neste trabalho destaca-se o fator da restrição geométrica oriunda do sistema de acoplamento da unidade tracionada com a unidade tratora. Esta condição de contorno gera uma região crítica na longarina do semirreboque, suscetível a falhas, que passam por deformações plásticas a trincas transversais que inutilizam o equipamento. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o comportamento estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque carregado, segundo legislação vigente, submetido a manobras direcionais relacionadas às dinâmicas lateral e vertical, a fim de avaliar os níveis de tensão atuante frente aos carregamentos impostos. Para isso desenvolve-se uma metodologia de avaliação baseada em acelerações e tensões em pontos específicos do chassi. A sistemática compreende uma análise dinâmica virtual, uma análise estrutural via método dos elementos finitos e uma instrumentação experimental do semirreboque, a fim de calibrar os modelos virtuais. Obtiveram-se resultados de aceleração e deslocamentos para os três tipos de manobra, double lane change, para velocidades de 50, 60 e 70 km/h, costela de vaca, para velocidades 10, 20 e 30 km/h e o slalom para velocidades de 30 e 40 km/h. Os resultados demonstram que, para um carregamento adequado, todas as manobras imprimem níveis de exigência compatíveis com a estrutura proposta.The project evaluation for a cargo road equipment chassis requires the compilation of key factors to its acceptance as meet regulatory requirements, as adapt to existing traffic laws, reconciling aspirations of carriers and respond adequately the roads excitations of the through where they will travel. The combination of these entry requisites usually results in structural limitations on the semi-trailer, thus this work highlights the geometric restriction which arises from the coupling between the tractor and pulled units. This boundary condition creates a critical region in the road equipment stringer, susceptible to failures, which goes though plastic deformation and transverse cracks that may disenable the equipment. This study aims to investigate the chassis’s structural behavior of a loaded semi-trailer, following the current legislation, submitted to directional maneuvers related the lateral and vertical dynamic in order to evaluate the stress levels acting due to the imposed loads. Therefore, an evaluation methodology based on accelerations and stresses on specific points on the chassis has been developed. The systematic comprises a virtual dynamic analysis, a structural analysis by finite element method and an experimental instrumentation of the semi-trailer in order to calibrate the virtual models. Results were obtained for displacement and acceleration for three kind’s maneuvers, double lane change to speeds of 50, 60 and 70 km/h, cow ribs to speeds 10, 20 and 30 km/h and for slalom speeds of 30 and 40 km/h. The Results shows for a proper loading, all maneuvers show stringency levels consistent with the proposed structure.
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Vodička, Jiří. "Návrh třínápravového podvozku traktorového nosiče." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228042.
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This diploma thesis deals with a system comparison of three-axled undercarriage for tractor trailer. It also contains a concept of the trailer and a calculation of frame by finite element method. There is also complete drawing documentation of frame of trailer in supplement.
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Šeda, Pavel. "Koncepce pro 5 nápravový přívěs / 4 nápravový návěs s výměnnými nástavbami." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231371.
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This thesis describes the design concept five-axle balanced trailer / four-axle semi-mounted trailer with swap bodies. The initial point of this work is the search of possible solutions both. The second part of the justification for selection of the very concept design proposal is selected variants. Another point of this work is the analysis of the strength of the chassis frame. Control is mainly engaged deformation and strain analysis in different Load case. The thesis is also drawing documentation. This thesis was developed in cooperation with ZDT Nové Veselí s.r.o.
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McNaull, Patrick James. "Modeling and Validation of a Heavy Truck Model with Electronic Stability Control." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250534058.
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Vargas, Vinicius Athaydes de. "Efeitos da flexibilidade estrutural em simulações de dinâmica lateral de veículo de transporte de carga." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/34760.
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Este trabalho apresenta uma análise multicorpos de combinação veicular de carga com chassi de semirreboque flexível, para avaliação de dinâmica lateral. O contexto é dado por um breve panorama do transporte rodoviário de cargas no Brasil. No intuito de melhorar seus produtos, os fabricantes de implementos rodoviários têm utilizado metodologias de desenvolvimento baseadas em simulação virtual. Nessas circunstâncias, análises dinâmicas são realizadas, geralmente levando-se em conta a hipótese de corpos rígidos (não deformáveis). Subjetivamente, é sabido que a inclusão da flexibilidade em um modelo numérico o aproxima do fenômeno real, mas são raros os trabalhos que analisam quantitativamente essa diferença. Assim, neste estudo é proposta uma abordagem para consideração da flexibilidade estrutural do chassi de um semirreboque em simulações de tráfego. Procede-se a discretização do quadro do implemento em elementos finitos, para realização de análise de vibração livre, na qual são determinados os modos (autovetores) e as frequências naturais (autovalores) da estrutura. Utilizando metodologia de superposição modal, os modos de vibração são classificados para compor, por combinação linear, a flexibilidade da estrutura nas análises dinâmicas em ferramenta comercial de MBS (sistemas multicorpos). São realizadas, então, simulações de manobras representativas da dinâmica lateral de combinações veiculares, com ênfase à estabilidade em rolagem. Os efeitos globais da inserção de flexibilidade modal no chassi do semirreboque são avaliados por meio de métricas específicas, baseadas em normas ISO de dinâmica lateral para veículos pesados. Os resultados das simulações, apresentados em forma gráfica e tabelas, mostram a grande influência da flexibilidade estrutural do chassi no desempenho dinâmico da combinação veicular analisada. Grandezas relevantes como aceleração lateral (no domínio do tempo e da frequência), ângulo de rolagem e força atuante nos pneus, além de fenômenos físicos como a transferência lateral de carga em curvas, são fortemente afetados pela flexibilidade do quadro. Agrega-se ao trabalho desenvolvido uma forma simplificada de equacionar analiticamente a rolagem de um semirreboque flexível. É realizada também uma análise de sensibilidade da rigidez torcional do chassi quanto ao número de travessas.This work presents a lateral dynamics multibody analysis of a heavy articulated vehicle with a flexible frame for the semi-trailer. The context is given by a short perspective of the load carrying transportation scenery in Brazil. In order to build better products, the trailer manufacturers have been using development methodologies based on virtual simulation. In these circumstances, dynamic analyses are carried out, considering the hypothesis of rigid (non-deformable) bodies. Subjectively, it is known that the inclusion of flexibility in a numerical model brings it closer to reality, but very few studies work on giving numbers to this difference. Thus, this study presents an approach for taking into account the frame structural flexibility of a semi-trailer in traffic simulations. The frame of the semi-trailer is represented by a finite element model, and a free vibration analysis of this structure is carried out. The mode shapes (eigenvectors) and natural frequencies (eigenvalues) are determined. With a mode superposition method, the vibration modes are classified, for the purpose of building the structural flexibility (by linear combination) of the chassis in the dynamic analyses of the MBS software. Typical maneuvers of lateral dynamics are simulated, testing the roll stability of the combined vehicle model. The global effects for considering the mode flexibility in the semitrailer frame are evaluated through specific metrics, based on ISO standards for heavy vehicles lateral dynamics. The strong influence of the frame structural flexibility, when analyzing the articulated vehicle transient behavior, is showed by simulation results, which are presented in graphics and tables. Important measurements, such as lateral acceleration (in time and frequency domains), roll angle and vertical force on tires, besides physical phenomenon like lateral load transfer, are significantly modified by the flexibility of the frame. A simplified approach for writing the analytical equations of the flexible semi-trailer roll dynamics is added to the study. A torsional stiffness sensitivity analysis is also performed, regarding the number of transversal members in the semi-trailer chassis.
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Švec, Milan. "Návěs pro převoz vozidel." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2021. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-443162.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of the diploma thesis is the construction design of a semi – trailer for the purpose of road – based vehicle transportation. The construction design is complaint to the applicable legislative requirements for the corresponding trailer category. The main part of the thesis focuses on strength analysis of a semi – trailer frame using finite element method. Based on strength analysis of the semi – trailer frame, the original frame is adjusted and further optimized through subsequent analyses. The thesis additionally contains the drawing documentation.
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Pokorný, Jan. "Interakce mobilních pracovních strojů a pojížděného podloží." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233912.
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This dissertation thesis is concerning with an interaction between mobile working machines and rolled surfaces. Machines and their constructions parts behavior were observed. There are some machines that can change state of surface. And due to these change of surface the machine is in different conditions for drive and also for works. The interaction of working machines and rolled surfaces was categorized in this work and for each category here is a methodic work flow for solution of various cases. Three examples are described in this work. Some simulating programs were used for all cases and therefore there is a methodic work flow for creating and simulating of models. Three described examples include a complex solution of hydraulic drive for vibration exciter of vibration roller, small cleaner of canalizations with aim on load case to frame of this cart. The third example describes solution of undercarriage frames of agricultural semi-trailers. This example is the most extensive chapter from this work due to including of marketing research at the beginning of development and also verification of simulated results with results from real prototype tests at the end of development of these undercarriage frames.
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Plachký, Jakub. "Komplet návěsu se skříňovou nástavbou s výsuvnými boky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228832.
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The purpose of this thesis is to establish the basis for a presentation study, whose goal is to approximate the problems and dilemas of special semi-trailer with extensible sidewalls construction to the future consumer. The thesis explains which parts the semitrailer is made of as well as which essentials should be considered when designing the construction itself. The paper partly shows one particular semi-trailer project. On this project the calculation of stabilisation system, solidity analysis of the extensible part frame and the complete visualization of the trailer unit have been completed.
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Dvořáková, Eva. "Přidaná hodnota kombinované dopravy a její překážky v dalším rozvoji." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81890.
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The work is focused on combined transport in the Czech Republic and abroad. The theoretical part contains basic information about combined transport, as well as the combined transport in the CR, the most important terminals and information on individual subjects in combined transport. The work discusses the different development of combined transport both at home and in Germany. The next section discussed the problem of international combined transport and of course the positive aspects of its use. Conclusion of the theoretical part contains trend of combined transport and impact of the financial crisis. The practical part contains model calculation of the return on investment to swap bodies and demonstate the benefits of investment.
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Ahlnäs, Simon, and Tobias Börjesson. "Tids- och kostnadseffektivitet vid intermodala transporter." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-13844.
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This study aims to explore effectiveness within intermodal transportation of semi-trailers based on the variables cost and time. Intermodal transport can be explained as a transportation of a carrier, from the origin to the final destination, using two or more modes of transport (Crainic & Kim, 2007 p.467). This study focuses on the two modes of transport rail and road. The rail transportation has big advantages towards other modes of transport since it has less impact on the environment, given that the energy is produced in Sweden (Trafikverket 2017) but there are more benefits to be utilized. The rail transportation is generally more profitable on distances greater than 500 km, thus it can transport high volumes of goods over long distances for a low cost. The fixed costs that´s added in the terminals and the rail transports low degree of flexibility compared to the road transport is the primary reasons why rail transportation isn´t profitable on shorter distances. This study has made a market research to see where the final destinations for the imported semi-trailers are located in Sweden and Norway. This, to see where there are potential to develop and create new rail shuttles from Port of Gothenburg to dry ports across the Swedish and Norwegian inland for transportation of semi-trailers. Interviews have been conducted with carriers to create a more correct view of the current situation. Study results show that the greatest volumes of the transported semi-trailers ends up in the areas around Helsingborg and Stockholm, with the region around Gothenburg excluded. Dry ports positioned in this area show the best potential for development of new rail shuttles. The results from conducted interviews with carriers express that time is the most important aspect for their operation and their clients, that is also the reason why they don´t use the railway for transportation of semi-trailers. Carriers also consider the trains to be unreliable and the railway operation in Port of Gothenburg has so far not been operating well enough for them. The result show that 38 percent of the imported semi-trailers have their final destination in the area around Gothenburg and naturally it´s not possible for the railway to compete with the road transport at such a short distance. In order for the railway to compete with the road transport, rail shuttles to regions with high flows of semi-trailers must be developed to not loose in time and flexibility. Thus, the railway transportation has other opportunities than just transportation. In dry ports there are opportunities for storage of goods, which is generally cheaper than in the port and simultaneously create time gains in the final transportation, thus the goods are closer to the customer. Port of Gothenburg can compete with other ports, which are geographically closer to a certain customer, through more rail shuttles with more frequent departures and then take more market shares within Nordic transportation.Studien syftar till att undersöka transporteffektiviteten för intermodala transporter av semitrailrar med utgångspunkt från variablerna kostnad och tid. Intermodala transporter kan förklaras som en transport av en lastbärare från dess ursprung till dess slutdestination med hjälp av två eller flera olika transportsätt (Crainic & Kim, 2007 s.467) och denna studie fokuserar på de två transportsätten järnväg och väg. Just järnvägstransporten har en stor fördel gentemot andra transportsätt då det är ett mer miljövänligt alternativ, förutsatt att det är eldrivna tåg samt att elen är producerad i Sverige (Trafikverket 2017) men det finns även fler fördelar som kan utnyttjas. Järnvägstransporten är generellt lönsammare på avstånd längre än 500 km, då det kan transportera stora volymer över långa avstånd till en låg kostnad. Varför det inte är lönsamt på kortare sträckor beror framför allt på de fasta avgifter som tillkommer vid terminalerna och järnvägens relativt låga flexibilitet gentemot vägtransporten. Studien har gjort en marknadsundersökning för att se var de importerade semitrailrarna har sin slutdestination inom Sverige och Norge. Det för att se var det finns potential för att utveckla och skapa nya järnvägspendlar från Göteborgs Hamn till torrhamnar för transport av semitrailrar via järnväg. Intervjuer har utförts med speditörer i anslutning till hamnen för att skapa en så bra bild som möjligt av nuläget. Resultatet visar att de största volymerna i flödet av semitrailrar går till Helsingborg och Stockholm med omnejd, med Göteborg exkluderat. Det är de två områdena som visar potential för att eventuellt skapa järnvägspendlar till torrhamnar. Vid intervjuerna som utförts uttrycker speditörerna att tid är den viktigaste aspekten för deras verksamhet och kunder. Det är även anledningen till att de inte använder sig av järnvägstransport för semitrailrar, då tågen är för opålitliga och verksamheten för järnvägstransport kring Göteborgs Hamn inte har fungerat för dem hitintills. Resultatet visar även att drygt 38 procent av de importerade semitrailrarna har sin slutdestination i Göteborgsområdet och där kan naturligtvis inte järnvägstransporten konkurrera med vägtransporten på grund av det korta avståndet. För att järnvägstransporten ska kunna konkurrera med vägtransporten måste det skapas pendlar till de regionerna med större flöden för att inte förlora tid och flexibilitet gentemot vägtransporten. Dock så ger järnvägstransporten andra möjligheter än bara transport av gods. I torrhamnarna finns möjligheter för lagring av gods, som generellt är billigare än lagring i hamnen och ger samtidigt tidsvinster när den slutliga transporten till kund ska utföras, då godset är närmare kunden. Göteborgs Hamn kan konkurrera med andra hamnar som geografisk ligger närmare en viss kund, genom att fler järnvägspendlar med frekventare avgångar kan skapas och på så sätt ta marknadsandelar inom nordisk transport.
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Raška, Michal. "Analýza dopravních prostředků v zemědělské prvovýrobě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231174.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents a comparison of fuel consumption and transportation efficiency of various transport vehicles in primary agricultural production. The first part deals with the possibility of transport of materials in agriculture. The following is a description of the compared vehicles. Finally, it describes the methodology of calculation of fuel consumption vehicles, which are then compared.
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Hosseini, Arvin. "Cirkulär masshantering : En fallstudie om optimerad resurseffektivitet inom projekt Ostlänken." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-239317.
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Rapportens syfte har varit att uppmärksamma återanvändningspotentialen hos jordmassor och hur resurseffektivitet kan optimeras i projekt Ostlänken samt stora infrastrukturprojekt i allmänhet. Det praktiska syftet med studien är att bidra till en mer hållbar masshantering i projekt Ostlänken. Denna rapport har skrivits i form av en fallstudie med två typfall där triangulering har implementerats i forsknings-metodiken för att kombinera kvalitativa med kvantitativa metoder. Kriterier för rapportens analys-metod är baserad på en samlad effektivitetsbedömning där analyserade kriterier är ekonomi, klimat och risk. Resultatet indikerar att jordmassor som transporteras med semitrailer utanför ett projektområde till en fiktiv deponi-plats är både mer kostsamt och emitterar mer CO2-ekv. jämfört med jordmassor som transporteras med dumper innanför ett projektområde för återanvändningsändamål. Analysen visar att en ökad maxlast i kombination med en kortare sträcka är det mest kostnadseffektiva alternativet. Studien belyser även vikten av att inkludera hela värdekedjan (beställare-konsult-entreprenad) och uppdatera branschens annars konservativa förhållningssätt gällande masshanteringsarbetet.The purpose of the report is to pay attention to the reuse potential of soil masses in infrastructure projects, specifically the East Link Project and how resource efficiency can be optimized. The practical purpose of the study is to contribute to a more sustainable mass management in the East Link Project. This report has been written in the form of a case study with two types of cases where triangulation has been implemented in the research methodology to combine qualitative with quantitative methods. Criterions for the analytical method of the report are based on an overall efficiency assessment, where analyzed criterions are economy, climate and risk. The result indicates that excavated soil masses that are transported by semi-trailers outside the project area to a fictional landfill are costlier and emit more CO2 equivalents than soil masses that are transported by a dumper truck inside the project area for reuse purposes. The analysis indicates that an increased maximum load in combination with a shorter distance is the most cost-efficient option. The study also highlights the importance of including the entire value chain (client-consultant-contractor) as well as updating the industry's otherwise conservative approach to mass management.
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Reis, Neuto Gonçalves dos. "Viabilidade de operação do duplo semi-reboque de cinco eixos no Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 1996. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18137/tde-13042018-150847/.
Full textAbstract:
Este trabalho investiga a viabilidade de se implantar no Brasil o veículo combinado de cinco eixos constituído de um cavalo mecânico mais dois semi-reboques acoplados por um dolly intermediário e chamado aqui de Duplo Semi-Reboque (DSR). Essa investigação inclui tanto aspectos econômicos (custos operacionais) quanto operacionais (densidade das cargas, rotas, demandas, veículos utilizados), tecnológicos (veículos e implementes), legais (pesos e dimensões), de segurança (estabilidade, dirigibilidade, risco de acidentes e impacto sobre o tráfego de outros veículos) e de inter-relação com a infra-estrutura rodoviária. Como a configuração analisada é largamente utilizada nos Estados Unidos, com o nome de twin trailer truck, faz-se uma ampla revisão da literatura norte-americana. O estudo apresenta as características técnicas do twin, levanta a legislação norte-americana de carga por eixo e mostra como a busca de produtividade e o aumento da carga volumosa conduziram à necessidade de veículos mais longos. Compila artigos sobre a estabilidade, a dirigibilidade e o impacto sobre o tráfego dos veículos longos combinados. Sintetiza pesquisas comparando taxas de acidentes dos veículos combinados com os caminhões convencionais. A maioria desses estudos conduz à conclusão de que, embora os twins possam degradar ligeiramente as condições de segurança de tráfego e aumentar o desgaste elos pavimentos, essa degradação é compensada pela redução do número de viagens e do custo do transporte. Conclui-se que o veículo seria economicamente viável no Brasil para substituir caminhões trucados em rotas de demanda limitada, e que poderia também economizar custos na substituição a veículos convencionais no transporte de cargas volumosas, sem provocar maiores impactos sobre a segurança operacional. Pesquisa com frotistas mostra que quase 50% das transportadoras de carga fracionada operam cargas de densidade compatível com o DSR. A introdução do veículo, no entanto, enfrenta fortes obstáculos legais e exigiria mudança profunda na legislação dos veículos combinados longos.This paper investigates the feasibility of introducing the American twin trailer truck in the Brazilian road transport network. The twin is a five axle configuration with one tractor and two semi-trailers, coupled by an intermediate dolly. The investigation embraces not only economic questions (operational costs), but also operational aspects (freight density and volume, vehicle choice, line extension etc), technological questions (vehicles, trailers and dollies), weights and dimensions legislation, safety impacts (handling and stability, impact of traffic operations and statistic studies of accident rates) and the twin\'s interface with the highway facilities. The American and Canadian studies about twins are reviewed. The paper presents the technical characteristics of twins, the american weights and dimensions legislation and shows how the claim for more productivity in the transport industry and the low density freight growth have induced the use of longer combinations. The study compiles the main results presented in the literature about handling, stability and the twin trailer impact on the highway traffic and analyzes statistics comparing doubles with semi-trailer accident rates. The literature review leads to the conclusion that, althrough the twins could degrade slightly the vehicle traffic safety performance and accelerate the pavement wear, this degradation is overwhelmed by the reduction of the number of vehicles on the roads and direct and indirect transportation costs. The introduction of the win trailer truck in Brazil could be advantageous in order to replace tandem trucks on low demand routes. The savings in terminal times and the higher capacitiy of this configuration would cut costs as compared to the straight truck, semi-trailer and truck-and-trailer configurations, without relevant deterioration of the operational safety. The results of a large sample with brazilian LTL companies show that almost 50% of them operate with a freight density that would be ideal for twins. The twin\'s introduction, however, faces strong legal impediments in some markets, and only would be feasible if deep changes in the Brazilian weight and dimension regulations would be undertaken.
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"Performance based analysis of current South African semi trailer and b-double trailer designs." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/742.
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South African heavy vehicles are currently designed according to prescriptive standards designed and enforced by the National Department of Transport (DoT); these standards are regulated in terms of mass, dimensions and vehicle configuration. However, the current prescriptive standards leave little room for innovation in terms of heavy vehicle design. Performance Based Standards, or PBS, is a new Australian based innovative alternative to the current heavy vehicle prescriptive standards, mass, dimensions and vehicle configuration. PBS seeks to align actual vehicle performance efficiencies, productivity and safety objectives as well as road and bridge infrastructure to the current road network. Vehicle performance measures are based on engineering and science, supporting superior safety and known road and bridge wear performance criteria. PBS produces “a result orientated approach” to improved heavy vehicle operations and safety rather than a „one size fits all approach‟ utilised by the current prescriptive legislation. Currently, dynamic vehicle simulations are not carried out on South African manufactured vehicle combinations. Evidence exists that this has, in some cases, resulted in safety compromises. The computer dynamic vehicle simulation technology developed and validated could be employed for the credible assessments of the vehicle design concepts/prototypes for compliance with PBS. This service, which includes vehicle performance simulation and testing, development of high productivity vehicle concepts, assessment and development of risk management strategies, advice on safety and productivity issues, would have a substantial commercialisation potential for the implementation in the larger transport industry in South Africa.Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2009.
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Thorogood, Rhys L. "Performance based analysis of current South African semi trailer and b-double trailer designs /." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/926.
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Yung-Ming, Yang, and 陽永明. "The Study of Airflow Optimization in a Refrigerated Semi-trailer." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46253034205550928229.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
冷凍與低溫科技研究所
90
Abstract A refrigerated semi-trailer plays a very important role in a cold chain. Its main function is to maintain perishable commodities in set conditions of temperature and humidity during the period of transport and delivery. With the progress of the standard of living, the request of refrigerated foods must increase year by year. In the other hand, Taiwan joins WTO in 2002 and imports diversified agricultural products from many countries. Therefore, the requirement of refrigerated semi-trailers must be increased day after day. However, keeping the quality of foods transported by a refrigerated semi-trailer is mainly affected by the uniformity of temperature, which depends on the airflow distribution. Hence, how to obtain even airflow distribution in a refrigerated semi-trailer is a very important issue. First, this study builds a numerical model to simulate foods cooling process and investigates transient airflow fields, including velocity and temperature distribution in a refrigerated room. In the other hand, modeling accuracy is checked by experiment. It is founds that both simulation and experiment agrees well. Second, to find optimal airflow distribution, the developed model is used to predict the velocity and temperature distribution in a refrigerated semi-trailer, which is affected by different parameters, including return air dispose, air duct dispose, supplying air place and airflow rate dispose. This model considers the effect of radiation, turbulence and buoyancy. It is found that at returning air place using buffer plate can get uniform temperature distribution, but this result can’t make perishable foods reach ATP request, therefore it must install internal air duct. According to the simulation results of different supply air place, it is found that air duct at 0,1/3 place has the best result, and temperature distribution is more uniform, but temperature drop rate is still slow. The simulating results of different supply air place and airflow rate reveal that air duct at 0,1/3,3/4 place and airflow rate 3:5:2 have a optimization. Using this design not only has uniform velocity and temperature distribution but also has good temperature control and foods quality.
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Elston, Malcolm John Mac Gregor. "The design and development of a light-weight aluminium semi-trailer." Thesis, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/22707.
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A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the
Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fuldlment of the requirements for the
degree of Master of Science in Engineering
Johannesburg, 1991With increasing competition in the commercial vehicle industry, future vehicle designs need to be able to carry greater payloads within the bounds of existing legislation. Increasing the payload efficiency of transport vehicles involves two main areas: a. Optomizing the size and mass distribution of the vehicle for the purpose intended. b. Keeping the tare mass as low as possible through efficient design and the use of lighter and stronger materials. [Abbreviated Abstract. Open document to view full version]
MT2017
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(11187051), Yury Kuleshov. "The Study of Behavior of Passenger Car-Semi-Autonomous Trailer Connections under Load." Thesis, 2021.
Find full textAbstract:
A variety of passenger car-trailer connections exist on the market. One specific type of the connections provides a tensile force measurement capability for the purpose of providing feedback for the semi-autonomous trailer’s control system. Semi-autonomous trailer is an innovative technology that can encourage drivers to use smaller vehicles for towing, which will contribute to restoration and improvement of urban infrastructure (NAE Grand Challenges for Engineering, 2020). The vehicle-semi-autonomous trailer connection’s safety concerns depend on multiple factors, but start with either a mechanical, or an electrical failure. The topic of safety of passenger car-semi-autonomous trailer connections is not well present in literature. The connections’ mechanical failures under load are in the focus of this work. The author addressed the following research question and the sub question. How do the existing “passenger car-trailer” connections with tensile force measurement capability compare to one another under load in terms of the possible failure? What is the failure mode of each of the compared connections? The author selected three prototypes from the literature, built three-dimensional (3D) models in SolidWorks 2018 and simulated the tests in the program’s add-on in accordance with the requirements of an industry standard on real-life testing of specific vehicle systems. The author compared the three prototypes by a number of different parameters. The research showed that none of the three existing prototypes are public road-ready in terms of safety. The study can be useful for future designers of passenger-car-semi-autonomous trailer connections.
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Afrathim, Afthab, and 安浩宇. "Improving the Stability of the Tractor Semi-Trailer by Steering the Rear Wheels of the Tractor Unit Using an Optimal Controller." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89v7e9.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
機械工程系
106
This thesis investigates a strategy that seeks to improve the stability of the tractor semi-trailer by controlling the rear wheels of the tractor unit to track a desired articulation angle. A linear quadratic regulator controller with tracking capability was designed in Simulink to track the desired articulation angle using tractor rear wheel steering. The performance of the controller was tested by interfacing Simulink with TruckSim, thereby allowing the use of TruckSim’s accurate vehicle model. From the simulations, it was found that by tracking the desired articulation angle, the roll and yaw stability of the tractor semi-trailer improved except in cases where sharp inputs are given in low road-tire friction coefficient conditions, e.g. J-turn. It was also found that it is crucial for the driver/system to consider the rear wheel kinematics of the tractor unit when deciding on the steering input of the front wheels. To verify the simulation results, scaled vehicle testing, using the principle of dynamic similarity was attempted; however, due to the speed limitations of the designed scaled articulated vehicle, the pi-groups could not be matched successfully, therefore, the simulation results could not be verified using scaled vehicle testing.