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Journal articles on the topic 'Semi-arid environments'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 January 2023

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1

Yang, Xiaoping, and Martin Williams. "Landforms and processes in arid and semi-arid environments." CATENA 134 (November 2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2015.02.011.

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2

Hadas, A. "Arid and semi-arid environments: Geomorphological and pedological aspects." Soil and Tillage Research 22, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-1987(92)90033-8.

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3

Meerow, Sara, Mukunth Natarajan, and David Krantz. "Green infrastructure performance in arid and semi-arid urban environments." Urban Water Journal 18, no. 4 (February 8, 2021): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1573062x.2021.1877741.

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4

Enciso, Juan, Jose C. Chavez, Girisha Ganjegunte, and Samuel D. Zapata. "Energy Sorghum Production under Arid and Semi-Arid Environments of Texas." Water 11, no. 7 (June 28, 2019): 1344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11071344.

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Water availability and supply are critical factors in the production of bioenergy. Dry biomass productivity and water use efficiency (WUE) of two biomass sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) were studied in two different climatic locations during 2014 and 2015. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the dry biomass productivity and water use efficiency of two energy sorghum cultivars grown in two different climatic environments: one at Pecos located in the Chihuahuan Desert and a second one located at Weslaco in the Lower Rio Grande bordering Mexico and with a semiarid environment. There were significant differences between locations in dry biomass and WUE. Dry biomass productivity ranged from 22.4 to 31.9 Mg ha−1 in Weslaco, while in Pecos it ranged from 7.4 to 17.6 Mg ha−1. Even though it was possible to produce energy sorghum biomass in an arid environment with saline-sodic soils and saline irrigation, the energy sorghum dry biomass yield was reduced more than 50% in the arid environment compared to production in a semiarid environment with good soil and water quality, and it required approximately twice as much water. Harsh production conditions combined with low energy prices resulted in negative net returns for all treatments. However, a moderate increase in ethanol price could make the semiarid cropland of Texas an economically feasible feedstock production location.
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5

Urbano, L. D., M. Person, and J. Hanor. "Groundwater–lake interactions in semi-arid environments." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 69-70 (June 2000): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-6742(00)00079-0.

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6

Garcea, Elena A. A. "Semi-permanent foragers in semi-arid environments of North Africa." World Archaeology 38, no. 2 (June 2006): 197–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438240600693968.

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7

Sprent, Janet I., and Hukam S. Gehlot. "Nodulated legumes in arid and semi-arid environments: are they important?" Plant Ecology & Diversity 3, no. 3 (December 2010): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17550874.2010.538740.

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8

Montanaro, G., B. Dichio, G. Celano, and C. Xiloyannis. "SUSTAINABLE KIWIFRUIT ORCHARD MANAGEMENT IN SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENTS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 753 (October 2007): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.753.78.

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9

Kenny, R. "Hydrogeomorphic flood hazard evaluation for semi-arid environments." Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 23, no. 4 (November 1990): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.qjeg.1990.023.04.07.

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10

Patrick, C., C. Kechavarzi, I. T. James, M. O'Dogherty, and R. J. Godwin. "Developing reservoir tillage technology for semi-arid environments." Soil Use and Management 23, no. 2 (June 2007): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00069.x.

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11

Fagg, C. W., and J. L. Stewart. "The value of Acacia and Prosopis in arid and semi-arid environments." Journal of Arid Environments 27, no. 1 (May 1994): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jare.1994.1041.

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12

Gauvin-Bourdon, Phillipe, James King, and Liliana Perez. "Impacts of grazing on vegetation dynamics in a sediment transport complex model." Earth Surface Dynamics 9, no. 1 (February 2, 2021): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-9-29-2021.

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Abstract. Arid environments are characterized by the complex interaction between vegetation cover, surface soil properties, and the climate. The dynamic balance between these components makes arid environments highly susceptible to swift changes in vegetation cover and surface morphology in response to climate change. Furthermore, arid environments often support grazing activities, which influence other ecogeomorphic processes and alter the stability of vegetation cover in these environments. Despite growing knowledge and the parallel modeling advances to simulate the sediment transport, vegetation distribution, and grazing, in arid environments, relatively little progress has been accomplished on the interaction between all these components. Here we present an adaptation of an already established sediment transport–vegetation cellular automata model (Vegetation and Sediment TrAnsport or ViSTA) that represents landscape dynamics with an agent-based model (GrAM) representing the activity of grazers on the landscape. In this study, our resulting model, ViSTA_GrAM, is subjected to a series of 100-year-long tests that aim to highlight the capacity of the model to represent ecogeomorphic processes linked to vegetation composition, rainfall, wind speed, and grazing pressure. While these simulations do not allow us to evaluate the performance of the new model to reproduce realistic semi-arid environments, they present the capacity of the model to reproduce and explain major feedback complexities between grazers and the vegetation, in addition to providing insight on the vegetation and wind shear sensitivity of the original model. The simulations reinforce our current knowledge of the resilience of grass-based landscapes to foraging activities and highlight the need to identify growth response rates at the species level to fully understand the complexity of the interactions between individual components within arid environments. Overall, the ViSTA_GrAM model presents the foundation for a better assessment of semi-arid environment response to landscape management measures and a better understanding of the complex interactions shaping semi-arid landscapes.
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13

Scarcella, Marcello, Francesco Grassi, and Marcello Mastrorilli. "Artemisia annua L.: agro-techniques for semi-arid environments." Italian Journal of Agronomy 6, no. 3 (September 30, 2011): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2011.e26.

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14

Luoma, Samuel N. "Ingredients in sustainably managing water in semi-arid environments." Environmental Science & Policy 12, no. 6 (October 2009): 737–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2009.07.003.

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15

Miller, Ofir, David Helman, Tal Svoray, Efrat Morin, and David J. Bonfil. "Explicit wheat production model adjusted for semi-arid environments." Field Crops Research 231 (February 2019): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2018.11.011.

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16

Oliveira, Rodrigo Q., Carlos A. Rosa, Ana Paula T. Uetanabaro, Antônio Azeredo, Aristóteles Góes Neto, and Sandra A. Assis. "Polygalacturonase secreted by yeasts from Brazilian semi-arid environments." International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition 60, sup7 (January 2009): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637480802534517.

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17

Nalbantoglu, Zalihe, and Emin Gucbilmez. "Improvement of calcareous expansive soils in semi-arid environments." Journal of Arid Environments 47, no. 4 (April 2001): 453–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jare.2000.0726.

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18

Whittington-Jones, G. M., R. T. F. Bernard, and D. M. Parker. "Aardvark Burrows: A Potential Resource for Animals in Arid and Semi-Arid Environments." African Zoology 46, no. 2 (October 2011): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3377/004.046.0215.

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19

Whittington-Jones, G. M., R. T. F. Bernard, and D. M. Parker. "Aardvark burrows: a potential resource for animals in arid and semi-arid environments." African Zoology 46, no. 2 (October 2011): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2011.11407509.

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20

Sadek, S., S. Ghanimeh, and M. El-Fadel. "Predicted performance of clay-barrier landfill covers in arid and semi-arid environments." Waste Management 27, no. 4 (January 2007): 572–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.06.008.

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21

Chesson, Peter, Renate L. E. Gebauer, Susan Schwinning, Nancy Huntly, Kerstin Wiegand, Morgan S. K. Ernest, Anna Sher, Ariel Novoplansky, and Jake F. Weltzin. "Resource pulses, species interactions, and diversity maintenance in arid and semi-arid environments." Oecologia 141, no. 2 (April 7, 2004): 236–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00442-004-1551-1.

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22

Martínez, I., A. Escudero, F. T. Maestre, A. de la Cruz, C. Guerrero, and A. Rubio. "Small-scale patterns of abundance of mosses and lichens forming biological soil crusts in two semi-arid gypsum environments." Australian Journal of Botany 54, no. 4 (2006): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt05078.

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Despite important advances in the understanding of biological soil crusts and their key role in ecosystem processes in arid and semi-arid environments, little is known about those factors driving the small-scale patterns of abundance and distribution of crust-forming lichens and mosses. We used constrained ordination techniques (RDAs) to test the hypothesis that the spatial patterning of lichens and mosses is related to surface and subsurface soil variables in two semi-arid gypsum environments of Spain. Our results show that the abundance of mosses and lichens forming biological soil crusts was related to a limited set of variables (cover of bare soil and litter, soil respiration, potassium content and aggregate stability). Moreover, they provide some insights into the importance of these variables as drivers of biological soil-crust composition and abundance in semi-arid gypsum environments.
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23

Mohawesh, Osama E. "Artificial neural network for estimating monthly reference evapotransiration under arid and semi arid environments." Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science 59, no. 1 (January 2013): 105–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2011.603126.

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24

Mahmoodabadi, Majid, and Artemi Cerdà. "WEPP calibration for improved predictions of interrill erosion in semi-arid to arid environments." Geoderma 204-205 (August 2013): 75–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.04.013.

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25

Posadas, Paula, Edgardo Ortiz-Jaureguizar, Jorge V. Crisci, and Liliana Katinas. "Historical biogeography and origin and evolution of arid and semi-arid environments: An introduction." Journal of Arid Environments 66, no. 3 (August 2006): 385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.01.003.

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26

Nolan, T., J. Connolly, C. Sall, and J. Cesar. "Mixed livestock grazing in diverse temperate and semi-arid environments." African Journal of Range & Forage Science 17, no. 1-3 (March 2000): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2989/10220110009485734.

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27

McKenney, C. B., T. R. Mahato, and U. K. Schuch. "Salinity tolerance of ornamental grasses adapted to semi-arid environments." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1112 (March 2016): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2016.1112.13.

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28

RABALAIS, NANCY N., and JAMES N. CAMERON. "PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL ADAPTATIONS OF ADULTUCA SUBCYLINDRICATO SEMI-ARID ENVIRONMENTS." Biological Bulletin 168, no. 1 (February 1985): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1541179.

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29

Chen, Assaf. "Spatially explicit modelling of agricultural dynamics in semi-arid environments." Ecological Modelling 363 (November 2017): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2017.08.025.

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30

Pickard, John. "Land management in semi-arid environments of New South Wales." Vegetatio 91, no. 1-2 (January 1991): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00036057.

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31

Bennett, Sarita Jane. "Ecotypic variation between and within two populations of Trifolium tomentosum (woolly clover) from Syria and Western Australia: its success as a colonising species." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 50, no. 8 (1999): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar99024.

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Ecotypic variation was studied between and within populations of Trifolium tomentosum (woolly clover) using seed that was collected from 2 semi-arid environments: Tel Hadya, Syria, and Pingrup, Western Australia. The seed was collected from 64 subplots within a 40-m2 grid at each site and the material was grown at the University of Western Australia Field Station at Shenton Park, Perth. Fifteen morphological characters were scored and were analysed using analysis of variance, principal components analysis, and discriminant function analysis. Material from the 2 sites was separated using multivariate analysis, with the seed from Tel Hadya containing more within-site variation. It is suggested that the lack of within-site variation observed at Pingrup is the result of a number of factors: a limited amount of genetic diversity being present in the original introduced material, a preference of T. tomentosum for alkaline soils rather than the acid soils predominantly occurring in Western Australia, the harsh selection pressures present in a semi-arid environment, and a limited time for genotypes to adapt to specific micro-niches within each environment. The results are used to contribute to our understanding of the success of colonising species in semi-arid environments.
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32

Ambrose, SJ, and SD Bradshaw. "The Water and Electrolyte Metabolism of Free-Ranging and Captive White-Browed Scrubwrens, Sericornis-Frontalis (Acanthizidae), From Arid, Semi-Arid and Mesic Environments." Australian Journal of Zoology 36, no. 1 (1988): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9880029.

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Seasonal variations in water and sodium turnover of resident populations of free-ranging Sericornis frontalis were measured at three sites in Western Australia ranging from arid, through semi-arid to mesic environments. Scrubwrens at all three sites maintained water and sodium balance despite the wide variation in environment. During winter at semi-arid Eyre, however, scrubwrens had a greatly increased dietary sodium intake resulting from the deposition of airborne oceanic salt over the coastal dunes. Scrubwrens at arid Hamelin had significantly lower water turnover rates (e.g. 1.3 ml 10 g-'d-') than those at Eyre and mesic Rockingham during hot, dry periods. The highest rates of water turnover were recorded at Rockingham during wet winters. We discuss the ecological implications of these results. In laboratory studies, scrubwrens from arid regions consumed NaCl solutions of up to 0.8 mol l-', compared with a maximum of only 0.6 ml l-' by scrubwrens from semi-arid and mesic regions. Shark Bay scrubwrens also had a much greater renal-concentrating ability which may be partially accounted for by the larger proportion of medullary tissue in the kidneys of these birds.
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33

Rai, Abdelwahab, Mohamed Belkacem, Imen Assadi, Jean-Claude Bollinger, Walid Elfalleh, Aymen Amine Assadi, Abdeltif Amrane, and Lotfi Mouni. "Bacteria in Soil: Promising Bioremediation Agents in Arid and Semi-Arid Environments for Cereal Growth Enhancement." Applied Sciences 12, no. 22 (November 14, 2022): 11567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122211567.

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In arid regions, starchy agricultural products such as wheat and rice provide essential carbohydrates, minerals, fibers and vitamins. However, drought, desiccation, high salinity, potentially toxic metals and hydrocarbon accumulation are among the most notable stresses affecting soil quality and cereal production in arid environments. Certain soil bacteria, referred to as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR), colonize the plant root environment, providing beneficial advantages for both soil and plants. Beyond their ability to improve plant growth under non-stressed conditions, PGPR can establish symbiotic and non-symbiotic interactions with plants growing under stress conditions, participating in soil bioremediation, stress alleviation and plant growth restoration. Moreover, the PGPR ability to fix nitrogen, to solubilize insoluble forms of nutrients and to produce other metabolites such as siderophores, phytohormones, antibiotics and hydrolytic enzymes makes them ecofriendly alternatives to the excessive use of unsuitable and cost-effective chemicals in agriculture. The most remarkable PGPR belong to the genera Arthrobacter, Azospirillum, Azotobacter, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, etc. Therefore, high cereal production in arid environments can be ensured using PGPR. Herein, the potential role of such bacteria in promoting wheat and rice production under both normal and derelict soils is reviewed and highlighted.
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34

Shaiban, Houssam, Carla Khater, Johnny Fenianos, and Thierry Dutoit. "Hydroseeding for Restoring Degraded Semi-Arid Mediterranean Environments: A Review of Challenges." Lebanese Science Journal 22, no. 1 (June 28, 2020): 38–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22453/lsj-022.1.038-067.

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Hydroseeding is a restoration technique commonly used in varied restoration projects. This literature review, encompassing about 100 published research papers from 1990 to 2020, revealed numerous limitations in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment. Challenges facing hydroseeding as a restoration tool in semi-arid Mediterranean environments were evaluated by analyzing different factors affecting ecological and technical levels. This issue was approached by sorting variables under either biotic or abiotic factors, further sub-dividing them under either natural-environmental or humaninfluenced factors. The review highlighted several constraints when applying hydroseeding techniques in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment: Slope steepness, slope aspect, high water runoff, low presence of water, mixing solutions used, and high cost for applying this technique are some of those constraints facing its success. Other shortcomings are related to the low success rate of commercial seed mixtures under harsh conditions, and their tendency to compete with native species. Moreover, the review provided recommendations to increase hydroseeding success by using varied techniques such as topsoil spreading, using native seeds, Mycorrhizal, or Rhizobium inoculation, and the use of nurse plants. Furthermore, environmental psychology approach was suggested as means to convey a better message and increase acceptability towards improved innovative suggestions.
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35

Elnashar, Abdelrazek, Mohamed Abbas, Hassan Sobhy, and Mohamed Shahba. "Crop Water Requirements and Suitability Assessment in Arid Environments: A New Approach." Agronomy 11, no. 2 (January 30, 2021): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020260.

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Efficient land and water management require the accurate selection of suitable crops that are compatible with soil and crop water requirements (CWR) in a given area. In this study, twenty soil profiles are collected to represent the soils of the study area. Physical and chemical properties of soil, in addition to irrigation water quality, provided data are utilized by the Agriculture Land Evaluation System for Arid and semi-arid regions (ALES-Arid) to determine crop suitability. University of Idaho Ref-ET software is used to calculate CWR from weather data while the Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land Model (SEBAL) is utilized to estimate CWR from remote sensing data. The obtained results show that seasonal weather-based CWR of the most suitable field crops (S1 and S2 classes) ranges from 804 to 1625 mm for wheat and berssem, respectively, and ranges from 778 to 993 mm in the vegetable crops potato and watermelon, respectively, under surface irrigation. Mean daily satellite-based CWR are predicted based on SEBAL ranges between 4.79 and 3.62 mm in Toshka and Abu Simbel areas respectively. This study provides a new approach for coupling ALES-Arid, Ref-ET and SEBAL models to facilitate the selection of suitable crops and offers an excellent source for predicting CWR in arid environments. The findings of this research will help in managing the future marginal land reclamation projects in arid and semi-arid areas of the world.
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36

Duncan, Clare, Aliénor L. M. Chauvenet, Louise M. McRae, and Nathalie Pettorelli. "Predicting the Future Impact of Droughts on Ungulate Populations in Arid and Semi-Arid Environments." PLoS ONE 7, no. 12 (December 17, 2012): e51490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0051490.

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37

Aslan, Clare E., Leah Samberg, Brett G. Dickson, and Miranda E. Gray. "Management thresholds stemming from altered fire dynamics in present-day arid and semi-arid environments." Journal of Environmental Management 227 (December 2018): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.079.

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38

Ngugi, Robinson K., and Dickson M. Nyariki. "Rural livelihoods in the arid and semi-arid environments of Kenya: Sustainable alternatives and challenges." Agriculture and Human Values 22, no. 1 (March 2005): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10460-004-7231-2.

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39

SALES, MARCOS A. F., PAULO CASCON, and CESAR L. SCHULTZ. "Note on the paleobiogeography of Compsognathidae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) and its paleoecological implications." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 86, no. 1 (March 2014): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0001-37652013100412.

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The paleobiogeography of the theropod clade Compsognathidae is here reaccessed in order to test the hypothesis of this taxon being adapted specifically to inhabit semi-arid environments. Data about localities where these fossils were collected and their paleoenvironments were gathered from the literature. Compsognathids seem to be found especially in sedimentary deposits known as Fossil Lagerstätten, which were formed under a set of specific conditions that allowed the preservation of the fragile bone remains of these animals. This bias limits an accurate analysis of the historical and/or ecological paleobiogeography of this taxon. Actually, it is possible that compsognathids had an almost worldwide distribution during the Mesozoic Era. Their occurrence in Lower Cretaceous rocks of China suggests that they also inhabited environments with moist conditions instead of being restricted to semi-arid to arid environments.
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40

Benkherbache, N., A. Tondelli, A. Djekoune, E. Francia, N. Pecchioni, L. Hassous, and A. M. Stanca. "Marker characterization of vernalization and low-temperature tolerance loci in barley genotypes adapted to semi-arid environments." Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 52, No. 4 (November 28, 2016): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/16/2016-cjgpb.

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41

Salvador, Kaique Renan da Silva, José Orlando Nunes da Silva, João Pedro Alves de Souza Santos, Renan Matheus Cordeiro Leite, Rhaiana Oliveira de Aviz, Agda Raiany Mota dos Santos, Nágila Sabrina Guedes da Silva, et al. "Indicadores de eficiência biológica, habilidade competitiva e benefício econômico de sistemas de produção sustentável de forragem: Uma revisão." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 15, no. 6 (2022): 2730–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v15.6.p2730-2754.

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The cultivation of adapted species (e.g., forage cactus, sorghum, millet, etc.) can provide greater forage productivity in arid and semi-arid environments. However, due to water limitations in the region, it is important to use irrigation, when well managed, it allows for greater production and provides opportunities for the insertion of intercropping crops even in dry periods. Thus, this review aimed to survey the main indices of biological efficiency, competitive ability and economic benefit in different forage species and crops, as well as the use of resilient practices that seek to increase the efficiency and sustainability of forage production in an environment semi-arid. Scientific articles in Portuguese and English from the last ten years were used, using the following platforms: Google Academic, Scielo, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science, paying attention to the quality and timeliness of the literature cited. The use of resilient agricultural practices such as irrigation, planting of adapted species, straw mulch and intercropping are of great importance for productive units in the Brazilian semi-arid region. As well as the use of indices of biological efficiency, competitive ability and economic return, which are capable of helping to determine the best configurations of intercropping crops, providing greater reliability and profitability of the agricultural chain in semi-arid regions.
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42

Baker, R. L., J. M. Mugambi, J. O. Audho, A. B. Carles, and W. Thorpe. "Genotype by environment interactions for productivity and resistance to gastro-intestinal nematode parasites in Red Maasai and Dorper sheep." Animal Science 79, no. 3 (December 2004): 343–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800090214.

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AbstractRed Maasai and Dorper sheep were evaluated for their resistance to gastro-intestinal (GI) nematode parasites (predominantly Haemonchus contortus), productivity and productive efficiency (assessed on a metabolizable energy basis) in experiments undertaken at the Kenyan coast (sub-humid environment) and the Kenya highlands (semi-arid environment). In both ewes and lambs there were few significant genotype by environment (G X E) interactions for either resistance (assessed by faecal egg counts-FEC) or resilience (assessed by blood packed red cell volume-PCV) to GI nematodes. Red Maasai sheep were consistently more resistant (low FEC) and more resilient (high PCV) than Dorper sheep. However, there were significant G X £ interactions for ewe reproductive performance and for ewe and lamb mortality rates and live weights. These interactions were due to very poor performance of the Dorper compared to the Red Maasai in the sub-humid coastal environment and to the much improved performance of the Dorper in the semi-arid environment. When these component traits were combined into estimates of flock productivity and productive efficiency there were highly significant GXE interactions with the Red Maasai sheep being considerably more efficient than Dorper sheep in the sub-humid environment, while in the semi-arid environment there was a negligible breed difference in productive efficiency. The results are discussed in terms of breeding strategies for smallholder farmers and pastoralists managing sheep in low-input systems in sub-humid and semi-arid environments.
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SUN, GUI-QUAN, ZHEN JIN, and QIULIN TAN. "MEASUREMENT OF SELF-ORGANIZATION IN ARID ECOSYSTEMS." Journal of Biological Systems 18, no. 02 (June 2010): 495–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339010003366.

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In semi-arid environments, vegetation is not homogeneous, but rather self-organized into spatial patterns. And spatial patterns of vegetation are a central feature of these semi-arid areas. Thus, in this paper, we give detailed analysis of a vegetation model in arid ecosystems. According to the dispersion relation formula, we discuss the changes of the wavelength, with respect to the rainfall and plant mortality rate. The obtained results show that, as rainfall being decreased, spotted, striped and "black-eye" patterns emerge successively.
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Keosentse, Onalethata, Reyard Mutamiswa, and Casper Nyamukondiwa. "Interaction effects of desiccation and temperature stress resistance across Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) developmental stages." NeoBiota 73 (May 16, 2022): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.73.76011.

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Insects encounter multiple overlapping physiologically challenging environmental stressors in their habitats. As such, the ability of insects to withstand these stressors singly or interactively is fundamental in population persistence. Following its invasion in Africa, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has successfully established and spread in most parts of the continent. However, the mechanisms behind its successful survival across arid and semi-arid African environments are relatively unknown. Here, we investigated the water balance of S. frugiperda across its developmental stages. Given the relationships between desiccation stress, temperature stress and other life history traits in arid ecosystems, we also measured interaction effects across metrics of these traits. Specifically, we measured basal body water content (BWC), water loss rates (WLRs) and the effects of desiccation pre-treatment on critical thermal minimum (CTmin), critical thermal maximum (CTmax) and fecundity. Body water content and WLR increased with age across larval instars. However, the effects of desiccation environments on WLRs were more dramatic for 5th and 6th larval instars. The 5th and 6th instars exhibited highest BWC and magnitude of WLRs plastic responses following desiccation treatment. The effects of desiccation pre-treatment on temperature tolerance were less apparent, only significantly improving CTmin in 2nd and 3rd larval instars and reducing CTmax in 5th instars. In addition, desiccation pre-treatment showed no significant effects on fecundity. These results show that water balance traits differ with developmental stage, while the effects of desiccation pre-treatment were more dramatic and inconclusive. The differential desiccation resistance, high proportional BWC and no desiccation pre-treatment effects on fecundity may help the species survive in arid and semi-arid environments. This information provides insights into understanding S. frugiperda survival under desiccating arid and semi-arid tropical environments and is significant in predicting pest outbreaks.
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Medrano, H., M. M. Chaves, C. Porqueddu, and S. Caredda. "Improving Forage Crops for Semi-Arid Areas." Outlook on Agriculture 27, no. 2 (June 1998): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003072709802700205.

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In semi-arid areas, forage crops for grazing are suitable for extensive, marginal lands because they can sustain competitive meat or milk production, they protect against soil erosion risks, and they can form the basis of an alternative sustainable agriculture. Drought is the main limiting factor to plant growth in these lands, seriously affecting total herbage production and seasonal availability of forage. Recent research work looking for new cultivars of some annual self-reseeding pasture crops (annual rye grass, lupin and subterranean clover) with an enhanced capacity for herbage or seed production under water stress, has demonstrated the difficulties in obtaining new cultivars of well adapted crops with substantial yield improvement under drought conditions. New management strategies for improving pasture availability for grazing and self-reseeding ability have been tested (also at farm level) showing clear possibilities for enhancement of herbage production and a more regular seasonal distribution in drought-prone environments.
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46

Menon, Pramila, Madhuban Gopal, and Rajender Prasad. "Dissipation of Chlorpyrifos in Two Soil Environments of Semi-Arid India." Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B 39, no. 4 (January 2004): 517–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/pfc-200026697.

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47

Sanz, Domingo Baeza, Diego García del Jalón, Barbara Gutiérrez Teira, and Pilar Vizcaíno Martínez. "Basin influence on natural variability of rivers in semi‐arid environments." International Journal of River Basin Management 3, no. 4 (December 2005): 247–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2005.9635265.

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48

DehghaniSanij, Hossein, Tahei Yamamoto, and Velu Rasiah. "Assessment of evapotranspiration estimation models for use in semi-arid environments." Agricultural Water Management 64, no. 2 (January 2004): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-3774(03)00200-2.

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Chauhan, Y. S., C. Johansen, and Laxman Singh. "Adaptation of Extra Short Duration Pigeonpea to Rainfed Semi-Arid Environments." Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 2 (April 1993): 233–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479700020688.

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SummaryThe adaptation of extra short duration (ESD) pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan) genotypes to rainfed environments was studied on Alfisols and Vertisols at the ICRISAT Center between 1987 and 1989. Despite a slightly shorter crop duration, the grain yield of ESD genotypes was twice as large on Alfisols as on Vertisols. On both soil types, the rate of growth and grain yield were better in crops sown on time than in those where sowing was delayed. The population levels necessary to maximize yield varied among genotypes on Alfisols, where the grain yield of several ESD genotypes compared favourably with that of ICPL 87, a standard short duration genotype. However, none of the ESD genotypes yielded more than ICPL 87 on the Vertisols.
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Jo, Hyun-Kil, and Hye-Mi Park. "Effects of pit plantings on tree growth in semi-arid environments." Forest Science and Technology 13, no. 2 (April 3, 2017): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21580103.2017.1312559.

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