Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Sémantique et vocabulaire'
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Pivaut, Laurent. "Verbes supports et vocabulaire technique. Sports, musique, activités intellectuelles." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070015.
Full textThis thesis presents the results of systematic research into a particular use of the faire de support verb. The sentence-form concerned is faire de le n, where the noun refers to three activities : sports (paul fait du ping-pong), music (paul fait du piano) and intellectual pursuits (paul fait du latin). After reviewing the methodological framework that characterizes the lexique-grammaire approach, we follow with a precise description of how the corpus (lexicon) was constructed : syntactic delineations, morphological variations, spelling and alphabetical variants, etc. The lexicon is then classified with respect to a set of linguistic properties, which are discussed in depth. The major property is the possibility for the determiner to commute with other determiners, whether or not accompanied by a modifier. We then submit a complementary study of the agentives nouns related to these constructions : paul fait de la boxe = paul est boxeur. Since the study of supports verbs is related to that of predicative nouns, the dissertation concludes with a more lexicalist study. This is part of a larger project, concerned with the construction of a dictionary of simple and compound word forms. Problems with the representation of gender and plural marks in electronic dictionaries are discussed. Several solutions involving lists and matrices are considered. A finite state machine model is proposed for the representation of compound nouns
Salat, Pierre. ""Heureux" et "malheureux" en latin : étude sémantique, stylistique et statistique." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040311.
Full textThis work concerns the adjectives and the adverbs meaning "happy", "happily" or "unhappy", "unhappily" in Latin within a corpus of 4 600 000 occurrences including the most part of the literary texts (prose and poetry) from the origins to the 1st quarter of the 2d century p. C. The first part is mainly quantitative, with chapters about word-count, statistical characters of the qualifiers (frequency and dispersion), correlation between the employment of the most frequent adjectives, definition and practice of a method of quantitatively and qualitatively appreciating the so qualified substantives. In the second part one can find monographs devoted to the words meaning "unhappy" : miser, the most frequent, misere and derivated words like misellus, miserabilis, miserandus. Then follow the adjectives with a negative prefix: infelix, infaustus, improsper (us), infortunatus and two words ending in -osus
Sorba, Julie. "Le vocabulaire de la mer : étude comparée en indo-aryen ancien, grec ancien et latin." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4028.
Full textThis study in lexical semantics is in line with a descriptive and comparative approach to linguistics. It aims to explore the processes through which were created the words which refer to the sea or the ocean in three indo-european groups of languages (early Indo-Aryan, early greek and early latin), as well as to understand how populations which appear not to have been native a place near what we now call "the sea" or "the ocean" termed this natural element as they came upon it over the course of their migrations. The methodological and terminological framework for this study is a method typical of structural semantics, componential analysis, which parses the structure of meaning of each lexical unit and classifies them. The goal is to offer an exhaustive synchronic study of these words and to elucidate the possibility of a common legacy. The three corpora of data belong to the archaic linguistic period of their respective cultures and for this investigation present as large and varied a scope in time and space as possible. The ancient indo-aryan corpus consists of six Vedic samhitas (Rksamhitâ, Samaveda, samhitâ, Vâjasaneyi samhitâ, Taittirîya samhitâ, Atharvaveda samhitâ according to the shaunaka and paippalâda classifications); the greek corpus is made up of Homer's compositions (the Iliad, the Odyssey and the Hymns) and those of Hesiod (The Theogony, Works and Days, Shield and Other Fragments); the latin corpus is comprised of ten authors representative of archaic literature (Livius Andronicus, Ennius, Accius, Pacuvius, Lucilius, Naevius, Plautus, Terence, Cato) and the archaistic tradition (Lucretius, De rerum Natura)
Gūšahʹgīr, ʿAlāʾ al-Dīn. "Forme et évolution sémantique de quelques noms arabo-persans relatifs au "café" depuis la période médiévale à nos jours." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA030031.
Full textGauvin, Karine. "L'ÉLARGISSEMENT SÉMANTIQUE DES MOTS ISSUS DU VOCABULAIRE MARITIME DANS LES FRANÇAIS ACADIEN ET QUÉBÉCOIS." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/27734/27734.pdf.
Full textSandford, Eugène. "Augmentation lexicale sémantique et désambigui͏̈sation lexicale sémantique : application à la traduction du français vers le tahitien." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20265.
Full textKim, Yongtchai. "Contribution à l'étude sémantique et stylistique du vocabulaire poétique de Guillaume Apollinaire : couleurs, lumière et sons." Aix-Marseille 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999AIX10018.
Full textDehon, Geneviève. "Analyse sémantique des verbes de parole en français et en anglais : le statut des rôles thématiques et des catégories événementielles revisité." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30018.
Full textThis work takes as its departure point the idea put forth by Berthonneau that "languages do not say everything about reality". On the basis of a semantic analysis of speech verbs, inside the cognitive framework, the author attempts to reconcile two ways of representing reality : the world as natural languages talk about it and the world as we perceive it and conceptualize it. Taking into account recent studies in neuropsychology and neurophysiology, this work reassesses the status of semantic roles and events categories the way they are presented in semantic so-called "cognitive" theories stemming from Jackendoff's works. The originality of the present semantic analysis of speech verbs (some 350 verbs in French and 250 in English) lies in the fact that it is based almost exclusively on syntax information. The verbs are divided into semantic classes organized around the verbs parler et dire for French and speak, talk, say and tell for English. The speech verbs semantics for French is built upon such notions as social, rational and emotional human behaviour, while the speech verbs semantics for English is rather centred on the notion of an individual. Finally, this work argues that the aspectual analysis of speech predicates should be based on a linguistico-cognitive calculation that involves such fundamental notion as movement, time, measuring and anticipation
Krylosova, Svetlana. "Contribution à l'étude lexico-sémantique des dénominations chromatiques en russe et en français." Nancy 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NAN21023.
Full textThe aim of this study is to analyse, through the nomenclature from a set corpus (fashion magazines in Russian and in French from 1998 to 2004), the naming process in relation with colours as a set of multilateral linguistic phenomena, to establish the links between linguistic and extra-linguistic factors including the pragmatic nature of the Russian and French texts under study. For this purpose, a study has been carried out into the methodology of the linguistics of colours and into the definition of the main notions in this field ; the various models of colour terms in Russian and French have been comparatively analysed ; the correlations between the evolution of the vocabulary of colours and social phenomena have been examined ; and, on the basis of a comparative study of the content of colour terms in Russian and in French, some problems connected with the translation of colour terms have been raised
Duarte, Pedro. "Le vocabulaire latin de la sculpture et de la peinture (Ier s. av. n.è. – Ier s. de n.è.)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040033.
Full textThe literary sources from the 1st century B.E. and the 1st century C.E. allow us to follow the formation and growth of the Latin vocabulary in the areas of sculpture and painting. This closely parallels the development throughout the Mediterranean of the trade in visual works of art that started around the 2nd century B.E., so that by using both a lexical and a semantic approach, we can see how the scholars of antiquity bore witnesses to the creation of this new vocabulary. A distinction must be made here between inherited vocabulary and more recent lexical creations, especially in the context of our linguistic analysis of the degree of motivation of those lexemes that were available to Latin speakers. In the areas of sculpture and painting the Greeks had already developed a well-known and widely accepted and appreciated body of artistic production, so that the corresponding Latin lexicon was developed within the framework of the already existing Greek vocabulary. The relationship between the two languages involved not only translations and lexical and semantic transfers and calques, but even a degree of emulation. The latter is clearly to be seen in the vocabulary of aesthetics, but also when Latin speakers took over Greek terms in order to denote Roman realia and in the process altered the original meaning of those terms and expressions or phrasal lexemes. For this reason we will analyze here the motivation of the terms belonging to this part of the Latin lexicon, determining the degree of integration of these lexical items into the Latin language as a function both of their use in the literary texts and of the metalinguistic comments of the authors concerned
Boddaert, Gary. "Apprentissage de mots de deuxième langue : effets du contact avec les concepts sur la lexicalisation et l’accès à la sémantique." Thesis, Lille 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL3H036.
Full textThis thesis investigates the effects of contact with concepts on both lexicalisation and access to the meaning of second language (L2) words in the first steps of learning in adults. In other words, these works study whether direct contact between L2 words and realisations of concepts, i.e., without presentation of native language word, influences lexical organisation, integration and access to the meaning of L2 words in late L2 learners. In the present works, the effect of contact with concepts on access to L2 words meaning was directly investigated by a picture primed L2 word recognition task and indirectly with a more classical method, i.e. a translation recognition task. This effect was also investigated in children with a L2 word - picture matching task. Results highlighted that contact with concepts supports direct access to meaning in the first steps of learning both in adults and in children. The effect of contact with concepts on integration of L2 words into the mental lexicon was investigated through the process of lexical competition and more specifically through the prime lexicality effect. Results showed that contact with concepts facilitates the integration of L2 words into the mental lexicon and that it promotes integration of these words into a single lexicon shared by the native language and the L2. Therefore, this thesis invites to take into account the role of learning method and more specifically the role of contact with concepts in developmental models of bilingual lexical organisation
Côté, Isabelle. "Le développement du vocabulaire chez l'enfant : contribution de la mémoire à court terme à l'apprentissage lexical et sémantique." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26332.
Full textRoussignol, Ines. "L'apport des théories scientifiques (expérimentales et médicales) dans le vocabulaire rural, scientifique et général d'Émile Zola." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCD004/document.
Full textÉmile Zola tells his vision about the scientific progress in concordance with the literary doctrine of naturalism and the historical and scientific context of the Second French Empire, in the sociological context of the rural exodus of the end of the nineteenth century characterizing the French contryside. Combining these three decisive facts, Zola manages to deliver a strong masterpiece containing a type of scientificity non conforming to the ideal literary and social canons of the time. He relies on Claude Bernard’s doctrines of experimental method and Prosper Lucas’heredity and the others medical practitioners. The predominance of scientific, hereditary, alcoholic and violent semantic fields defines the use of common vocabulary based on thematics and specific lexical networks. The peasant is depicted as a violent, ignorant, non educated, pagan, alcoholic, brutish, being clannish and attracted by the lucre. Zola oppose the science et the religion for promoting his progressive ideas
Gavoille, Élisabeth. "Ars, étude sémantique et historique du mot latin jusqu'à l'époque cicéronienne." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040349.
Full textThis thesis is a semantic study of the word ars. It begins at the commencement of Latin literature and includes the ciceronian era, the perspective being both lexicographic and historical. After the etymological research, which highlights the fundamental elements of order and of ability for organization, the various meanings of ars are classified applying the methods of componential analysis. The evolution of this semantic structure is seen on two levels: the archaic period and the first century (dominated globally by cicero). During this second era new meanings of ars began to appear ("a special science", "a technique or method", "a theory, system" and "a treatise"), essentially borrowed from the Greek word techne, from which ars is the Latin counterpart, notably apparent in rhetorical and philosophical works. These new definitions do not replace the older ones ("skill" and "behavior, practices", "professional skill, craftsmanship" and "a profession, craft"): the plural artes bonae, which can be synonymous with artes liberales (the basis of a free man culture) was used concurrently to designates the traditional roman virtues as opposed to the Greek uirtules. Out of this study one surmises that ars like techne is not limited to practical knowledge but provides for a larger explanation of human knowledge
Maqri, Chaouki. "Le vocabulaire de l'amour courtois (al ḥubb al ʿuḏrī) dans le recueil de maǧnūn Laylā : étude lexicale et sémantique." Paris 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA030056.
Full textSome arab poets spoke of certain kind of love called al hubb al udri, wich is well know in arabic literature and frequently compared to the occidental courteous love. Here we give a "temporary" definition of udrite love, though the core of our work is the structuring of udrite love vocabulary in magnun's. Our work opens on a first chapter, in which we expose our central idea, some revealing facts in the poet's life and the classification of our data. The second chapter is about certain aspects of magnun's vocabulary. We picke up the ones which are frequently used. In the third chapter, we put together the words which are semantically and morphologically linked to the ahabba "to love". To this we add some synonymous that don't have the same radicals as the former, though they have similar meanings. The set of these vocabularies is divided in two sub-classes: the first concerns love and the lover, and the second contains all the words that the lover uses to describe his beloved
Gardye, Frédérique. "Architecture structurale et fonctionnelle du lexique mental : les mots ambigus." Toulouse 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU20116.
Full textRoyer-Artuso, Nicolas. "Le morphologicocentrisme et ses conséquences : Supplétisme Radical; Lexicalisme ++; Structure (dés)Informationnelle; Portemantalisme; Paradigmatisme." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/68346.
Full textThe present work is foundational, that is to say it consists of a search for foundations on which to build our analyses in a necessary way. This thesis explores the consequences of what I call lexico-morphologicocentrism. This term designates a position where morphology (and therefore the lexicon) is the center of the linguistic enterprise. On the other hand, to be able to arrive at such a position, it is necessary to give up certain ideas we hold on the basic units of analysis. The first part, on the phonology-morphology interface, shows the need to take the complete word, whether morphologically simple or complex, as the basic unit of analysis. This has consequences for our phonological theories. The conclusion is that we can adopt a phonological model that we could call 'Radical Suppletionism'. The second part, on the morphology-syntax interface, shows that, because the constructions are anyway present as the basic units of the so-called transformational-derivational analyses, one can therefore adopt constructionist models, which have certain different implications for what we propose for the architecture of language. In this sense, morphologism can become the center of the syntactic debate. To do this, the information structure is called to account for the 'residues'. The third part, on the 'semantic' interface, shows that from the conclusions of the first two parts, another perspective can appear, which I call 'Portemantalism'. This perspective is what leads me to develop the prolegomena to a polyphonic-harmonic model of semantics-pragmatics-discursive.
Caron, Philippe. "Aux origines de la notion contemporaine de "littérature" : le lexique et et la configuration idéologique des grands secteurs du savoir profane en langue française de 1680 à 1760." Nancy 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN21027.
Full textThis dissertation sheds light on the elaboration of the concept at present carried by the french word litterature. It first studies those signs that are operative in the broad conceptual patterning of encyclopaedia carried out between 1680 and 1760, and casts new light on the birth and triumph of the name belles-lettres - substi- tuted for both bonnes lettres and lettres humaines - in the course of a lexico-semantic approach. It then shows the evolution of the french sign litterature, the denotation of which, by 1680, had gradually ebbed to "what an honnete homme of quality should know of wordly matters". The most frequent predicates associated, in the first half of the eighteenth century, with the signs belles-lettres, litterature and lettres in their new restricted acceptions, are next listed. The investigation substantiates and enhances the hedonistic outlook assumed by knowledge as denoted by those words, while showing how the eighteenth century pictures literature as antithetic in almost every respect to the sciences of computation and observation
Cuggia, Marc. "Interopérabilité des systèmes d'information en santé et aspects sémantiques." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1B116.
Full textThe interoperability of health information systems is a major issue, since these systems are heterogeneous both in their areage of coverages, their structures and their contents. The objective of this work is to explore some aspects of interoperability, in particular the semantic aspects. The thesis is three parts structured. (i) An inventory of health information systems and the place of interoperability norms and standards in health domain. (ii) Modeling and experimental implementation information of a system for health care networks. (iii) Specific aspects of semantic issues are investigated through several studies, the difficulties to connect information models (HL7 here, OpenEHR) with models of knowledge (by SNOMED International, CT & LOINC)
Hu, Xiaoqin. "Etude de la fonction argumentale dans la perspective de l'acquisition automatique du vocabulaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD042.
Full textThis thesis aims to study the argumental function for finding an efficient method to automatically acquire the terms. We start with a discussion on the problematic of the corpus which is: what kind of corpus should we choose and how should we construct the web corpus. Then, three methods are developed which are based on the morphological characteristics of lexical units and the relation between the appropriate predicates and their arguments. The distributional method tries to exploit the predicate-argument structures for identifying the arguments of the given semantic class. The morph-semantic method is developed on the basis of the morphological characteristics of the lexical units in order to extend the list of terms. The mixed method which combines the two precedent approaches permit to improve the result. Finally, we try to develop a statement on the natural language character, on the semantic class, on the specialized language and on the recursive nature of language in the perspective of natural language processing
Dumas, Alice. "Les mots en question dans La Vie de Marianne et Le Paysan parvenu de Marivaux : approche sémantique." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3015.
Full textWords are a focal point in the whole work of Marivaux. This theme could be important in any literature production but it seems to be particularly significant in the one for which « marivaudage » was created for. Marivaux enhances the doubt about word meaning, he exhibits the polysemous nature of each term in order to reveal an unknown level of semantic. In his complex work, words are suspected to be abused, distorded, misunderstood, manipulated. This scepticism that we can find in the novels themselves is a proof that Marivaux thinks about words as an author and as a philosopher. My work tries to investigate on why words are questioned so often and how Marivaux can handle it : first, examining context, the early XVIIIth century offered a fertile ground to that type of reflexion, then looking at the repetition in the texts, to finish with words associated with other worlds, in a sentence, in a text, in a speech to see how these interactions can influence its meaning
Apidianaki, Marianna. "Acquisition automatique de sens pour la désambiguïsation et la sélection lexicale en traduction." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00322285.
Full textNous proposons une méthode d'acquisition de sens permettant d'établir des correspondances sémantiques de granularité variable entre les mots de deux langues en relation de traduction. L'induction de sens est effectuée par une combinaison d'informations distributionnelles et traductionnelles extraites d'un corpus bilingue parallèle. La méthode proposée étant à la fois non supervisée et entièrement fondée sur des données, elle est, par conséquent, indépendante de la langue et permet l'élaboration d'inventaires sémantiques relatifs aux domaines représentés dans les corpus traités.
Les résultats de cette méthode sont exploités par une méthode de désambiguïsation lexicale, qui attribue un sens à de nouvelles instances de mots ambigus en contexte, et par une méthode de sélection lexicale, qui propose leur traduction la plus adéquate. On propose finalement une évaluation pondérée des résultats de désambiguïsation et de sélection lexicale, en nous fondant sur l'inventaire construit par la méthode d'acquisition de sens.
Savina, Elena. "Vocabulaire juridique en tant que ressource stylistique dans la prose de Georges Simenon." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040051.
Full textOur thesis concerns studies of the stylistic use of the French legal vocabulary in Georges Simenon’s prose. In fact, legal terminology, concepts of law and crime, discursive behavior of lawyers, texts of laws, problems of legal translation, those of linguistic interference, those of pragmatic, structural and semantic peculiarities of the language of international agreements, for instance, were examined by different linguists. So, contemporary linguistics are interested in studying legal terminology from different points of view. On the other hand, during the last decades, linguostylistic studies are also developing very quickly. In our thesis, legal terminology is studied from the point of view of stylistics, and this approach constitutes its’ theoretical and practical novelty. In the first chapter we examine some terms belonging exclusively to legal terminology, in accordance with Gerard Cornu’s classification, and we show that in reality approximately one sixth part of them can acquire, at least potentially, some figural meanings. In the second chapter, we study 53 legal terms used by Georges Simenon in their figural meaning to describe different situations from everyday life which, in the most of cases, are not associated with legal situations. In the third chapter we analyze, from the opposite point of view, stylistic figures used to characterize different legal situations presented in Georges Simenon’s prose. To summarize, even if these figures are relatively small in number, our thesis shows that the writer, in spite of his artistic intention, was not able to eliminate them completely and that they remain one of the most important elements of the poetical language
Toro, Criollo Alejandro. "Le lexique mental dans l'enseignement du vocabulaire en FLE : le cas de l'acquisition du passé comosé par des apprenants hispanophones de français L3." Thesis, Dijon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DIJOL030/document.
Full textThis research presents the force that manifests the mental lexicon in teaching vocabulary in French as a foreign language. This experimental action research was developed with the experimental French group II EG from the program of modern languages at the University of Quindio in Armenia City, in Colombia. Students presented a low level in oral and written French activities. The lack of vocabulary was a recurrent element in the expression of the language. The purpose of this research is therefore focused on improving vocabulary acquisition in French through a series of learning sessions of the French’s present perfect taking into account the three pillars of the knowledge of words expressing by Nation 2013 meaning, form and usage and Pinker 2011 theory about words and rules the ingredients of language and evaluate these sessions to see that so affected their performance on a test of French, final exam. A pre-test and post examination was conducted, the first served as background to establish the problems that had students in learning this tense, the second measured results obtained by students after completion of the respective sessions. Results were compared to a control group CG. Through this study, it was concluded that the sessions learning of the French’s present perfect improved their capabilities to internalize the form, the meaning and usage of both regular and irregular French verbs to reduce the effect of fossilization of an error that was a recurring of students at all levels in the modern languages program. As a result, the EG performed better in the final exam than the CG and thus the appropriation of the French present perfect was improved
Bondéelle, Olivier. "Polysémie et structuration du lexique : le cas du Wolof." Thesis, Paris 10, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA100058/document.
Full textEmphasizing on the key role of polysemy in forming the lexicon is the main goal to be achieved in this dissertation paper. The paper suggests a qualitative evaluation of polysemy in comparing it with other relations that form the lexicon. The research confirms that the polysemic links must not be modeled independently from derivative links or conversational links. This evaluation leads us to reveal that the boundary between polysemy and conversation is porous. The properties of analogy has been used to compare the relations, which is well adapted in characterizing the links between the relations. They are the links that connect lexis which form the objects of a comparison. A polysemic link is a link by which two lexis are connected to each other in a polysemic relation. This link can be compared to a link that connects two other lexis in a conversional relation. In this paper, Wolof, an Atlantic language in West-Africa, is studied. This language provides a fertile breeding ground for our explorations. A large scale of different morphological processes form the lexicon (like suffix derivation, derivations from consonant alternation and conversion by changes in nominal class morphemes).The descriptive contribution of this research is to explore the semantic fields of artifacts and emotions in Wolof lexicon. These fields have never been described in an African language taking the lexicon formation into consideration.The methodology applied here is to describe both the meanings of the lexical units and the semantic links by which they are connected by a unique metalanguage. That unique metalanguage is called the Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM), which is applied here to Wolof
Tomara, Ourania. "Étude diachronique de traductions en grec moderne de deux textes du dix-huitième siècle français : les Lettres Persanes de Montesquieu et Zadig de Voltaire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040099.
Full textThe thesis studies the translations into Modern Greek of two works of the French Enlightenment. It examines the ideological hallmarks of the Greek Enlightenment in light of the sociocultural reality of the Greek-speaking world, in order to elucidate the origins of the language controversy as well as the various forces shaping translations and language at that time. It also explores the ideological affinities between Montesquieu, Voltaire and the Greek Enlightenment, as well as the reception of the two writers in Greece. The art of translation is separately analyzed and discussed, as is language as key to a novel methodological approach towards translation in the Greek-speaking world of the 19th century. Throughout the thesis, linguistic matters are addressed against the backdrop of ideological developments. The approach to the individual works is intended to reveal the linguistic choices that were made, how these affected the lexicological development of the language, and the sociocultural context in which this occurred. The thesis concludes with an extensive lexicological analysis of terms found in the corpus, predicated on a comparison of the different translations of the two works in question, from the 19th century to the present. The semantic evolution of the terms studied is traced in detail, using a wide range of literary sources and dictionaries, going back to the 1700s. Based on this historical cultural and lexicological groundwork, a number of conclusions are drawn. In the end, this study of the language and vocabulary reveals certain tendencies and, more generally, sheds new light on the dynamics and advancement of the Modern Greek lexicon as a whole
León, Baéz Margarita de. "Concepts, images et symboles : une étude des mots composés dans le corpus poétique vieil-anglais." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040200.
Full textThe present dissertation is an analysis of substantive compounds of the Old English poetic corpus within the framework of cognitive linguistics. A theoretical approach has been considered in order to elucidate the question of the difficulty of distinguishing compounds from noun phrases, and from phrases involving a genitive pattern. A sample of compounds that stem from a classification according to different domains (mind, space, and knowledge) as well as different cognitif categories has been taken as the basis of my approach for interpreting poetry. Specific arrangements of the versified patterns (techniques of variation, alliteration, ring composition) underlie alternate visions of reality typical of the poet’s mind, in which The Book of God and The Book of Nature are combined. It has been assumed that words are accessed within the lexicon through the structure of compounds (in particular those concepts related to knowledge)
Querné, Laurent. "Influence de l'orientation de l'attention et de l'activation hémisphérique spécifique sur l'expression des capacités lexico-sémantiques des hémisphères cérébraux." Caen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CAEN1337.
Full textBorgeaud, Olivier. "Être bourgeois dans le vignoble du Jura au XIXè siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2021. https://books.openedition.org/pufc/51708.
Full textFrance was still largely a rural country in the 19th century, yet historiography seems to have favoured a thorough study of the bourgeoisie in towns while neglecting to turn its attention to the bourgeoisie in villages. Drawing on public archives, private sources and extensive correspondence, this research seeks to draw together all aspects of bourgeois family life as lived year-round in the countryside. More than a social grouping of the middle class, the rural bourgeoisie can be defined through its position at the heart of rural communities over an extended period of time, in continuity with the social order of the 18th century. “To be bourgeois” strongly implies prosperity and in most cases the ownership of land and property. The notion of work may be essential to a definition of the city bourgeois, but makes less sense in villages where the range of available professions is limited. On the other hand, correspondence reveals the active nature of life for the ladies of the rural bourgeoisie, reaching well beyond the domestic sphere. Life in the countryside engenders a type of bourgeois who is close to his land and to nature. Daily life follows the rhythm of farming, tending the vines, managing the estate, trading wine, animal husbandry and local fairs. Village bourgeois are confronted with the brutality of their rural surroundings: the body and the senses are put to the test. This study explores the history of experience of noises, smells, the cold, local travel and longer journeys, the passage of time and the handling of a pervasive environment.The family home takes on particular importance as a symbol of the village bourgeois' value and prestige. It is a stage on which the family's position and heredity are played out. The implied lifestyle within is one assisted by servants, with whom close yet distant relationships exist. In the countryside, bourgeois ladies and gentlemen differ from their urban counterparts in their uninhibited discussion of many subjects relating to hygiene, intimacy, sexuality. We will explore their use of outward appearance to project a certain image, their nuanced attitudes towards religion, their enjoyment of free time often in contrast to gender stereotypes, their mealtime rituals and their political engagements. Each phase of a rural bourgeois' life will be portrayed, from childhood to death, from education to the making of a marriage, from health to old age. We shall also investigate the bourgeois' relationship with others, in a wine-growing area where the extremely poor as well as with the landed aristocracy can be encountered. His social circle is wider than that of the urban bourgeois, because of his relative isolation in the country, and stretches far beyond the bourgeoisie to encompass his rural neighbours. This study concentrates particularly on the psychology of the bourgeois’ relationship with others. Conditioned as he is to be at ease in any social situation, he is able to operate on many different levels and create his own ecosystem.Following the collapse in land revenue and the outbreak of the phylloxera blight, by 1880 the rural bourgeoisie, more concerned with the past than the future, had all but disappeared. A new bourgeoisie came to replace them in the villages. A quite unexpected vocabulary emerges from the correspondence, revealing a particular semantic apparatus and offering detailed insights into many aspects of rural bourgeois life in the 19th century wine-growing Jura
Mathé, Anne-Cécile. "Jeux et enjeux de langage dans la construction d'un vocabulaire de géométrie spécifique et partagé en cycle 3 (Analyse de la portée des jeux de langage dans un Atelier de géométrie en cycle 3 et modélisation des gestes de l'enseignant en situation)." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00345659.
Full textGrâce à l'élaboration d'une méthodologie originale d'analyse des gestes de l'enseignant, cette recherche propose également de rendre compte du rôle et de la place de l'enseignant dans de telles interactions langagières. Pour ce faire, nous proposons d'expliciter ses modalités effectives d'intervention puis de modéliser son action en situation en termes de tutelle et de médiation.
Bachmar, Karim. "Les quadriconsonantiques dans le lexique de l'arabe." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00672544.
Full textGuitard, Laure. "Vocabulaire employé pour l'accès thématique aux documents d'archives patrimoniaux : étude linguistique exploratoire de termes de recherche, de description, d'indexation." Thèse, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/21122.
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