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1

Nurmawaddah, Nurmawaddah, Muliadi Muliadi, and Zelfia Zelfia. "Patterns Of Cultural Communication In Selling Activities In The Limbung Traditional Market, Gowa Regency." RESPON JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA ILMU KOMUNIKASI 3, no. 1 (September 29, 2022): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/respon.v3i1.133.

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This research started from the finding of communication phenomena in traditional markets. In the traditional market the process of buying and selling transactions with interpersonal communication (face to face) between the seller and the buyer. Bargaining in buying and selling in traditional markets is common in the process of transactions (payments) or even without transactions because there is no agreement between the seller and the buyer. The process of buying and selling transactions begins with greetings, the process of bargaining until the transaction is colored by conversations between the seller and the buyer that even leaves the main topic. The process in these stages forms a communication pattern. The formulation of the problem to be answered in this study is how the pattern of communication between sellers and buyers in buying and selling transactions in traditional markets is. This study examines the communication patterns of sellers and buyers in the transaction process in traditional markets. The focus in this research is the communication component in buying and selling transactions in traditional markets. Using the ethnographic method of communication, with participant observation and in-depth interviews with five seller informants and five buyer informants who were selected using a purposive sampling technique with predetermined criteria. The results of this study indicate that sellers and buyers in transactions use dyadic communication patterns, there is a symbolic interactionism model communication process between the seller and the buyer, the unique communication component is found in verbal (language) and non-verbal messages (clothing, touch, body language) and effects and context of communication. The effect of communication in the process of buying and selling transactions that can give birth to intimacy between the seller and the buyer. The context of communication is not only about the topic of buying and selling transactions, but also about other topics such as personal gossip, economics, education, religion, culture, social and even politics. This research requires further research with a different paradigm so that it can be further developed in an ethnographic communication research.
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Analia, Devi, Syofyan Fairuzi, Faidil Tanjung, and Ramita Sari Pimura. "DESKRIPSI POLA SALURAN TATANIAGA PALA (Myristica fraggan haitt) DI KENAGARIAN TANJUNG SANI KECAMATAN TANJUNG RAYA KABUPATEN AGAM." Jurnal AGRISEP 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.14.2.227-236.

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The research purpose is to describe nutmeg’s marketing channel pattern and to identity of marketing instutional function that involves in marketing channel. This research was conducted in Juli – Augustus 2015. Location was chosen purposively with a reason that this district has the largest production in West Sumatra. The research method used is survey and descriptive analysis. The survey is doing by following marketing channel pattern that happen and observation activity that doing by farmer as producers to middlemen or finar consumers. The result shows that there are 2 patter of marketing channel in location. First pattern marketing channel : farmers – man in village. Second patter marketing channel : farmers – whole saler. Their activity according to marketing function consist of exhange function(selling and buying), phisic function (transportation, saving, sortation) and fasility (finance, market information, risk management). As important comodity that have contribute to gaverment, this comodity need goverment support to increase selling value and production. By the support it will imcrease farmers revenue. Keyword : nutmeg, markleting channel, whole seller, man invillage and marketingfunction
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Saptadi, Singgih, Ary Arvianto, Wiwik Budiawan Dhima, and Wachid Nur Saputra. "PRODUCT CLUSTERING IN THE MSME BUSINESS OF GROCERY STORE." International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Review 03, no. 06 (2022): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52267/ijaser.2022.3604.

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The business world is an exciting world to follow due to its dynamic and competitiveness. Sri Wahyuni Grocery is one of the MSMEs involved in buying and selling daily-basis needs. The business can manage an average of 115 transactions in a day, including various transactions for necessities. Most products purchased at this grocery shop are daily basic needs, such as sugar, tea, instant food, snacks, and fuel oil. It is known that from observations, some products are less desirable by buyers so they are not selling well and some products are selling well, so it is necessary to do a product grouping process to find out how to group these products. An analysis of existing data is needed to obtain information with the K-Means Clustering algorithm. This research aims to determine the pattern of transaction data owned by Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs and form a Clustering pattern of products offered by Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs. Through the data exploration process, this research will carry out a pattern search from transaction data and clustering patterns owned by Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs. Based on the findings from the research conducted, business actors will be able to develop various strategies to improve services to sales by relying on the use of various data mining algorithms. The research was conducted on Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs with transaction data for two months, and the research carried out data exploration to determine clustering patterns using the CRISP-DM method.
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Nasrul, Sapruddin, and Fadliah Mubakkirah. "TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM PADA POLA JUAL BELI JAGUNG KUNING (STUDI KASUS DESA MALALA KABUPATEN TOLI-TOLI)." Tadayun: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/tadayun.v1i2.6.

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Malala Village is an area in Dondo sub-district, Tolitoli district, where some of the people earn income from farming. One of them is Corn. The results of the corn farming activity are then traded through collectors. In this corn trading system there is a difference in the bargaining position of each farmer, namely farmers who receive seed capital assistance from collectors get a lower bargaining position, in exchange they get groceries from collectors according to the agreement at the beginning of the agreement, while farmers without seed assistance from collectors get a normal bargaining position. Farmers who get a low bargaining position feel disadvantaged, but they continue to do so because they do not have seed capital. This buying and selling system has become a habit of the local community. According to researchers, the pattern of buying and selling corn in Malala Village is not in accordance with the true teachings of Islam. Even though there is a mutualism symbiosis here, there are still parties who feel disadvantaged. The pattern of buying and selling yellow maize in Malala Village is not in accordance with several principles of sharia economic law. Because the conditions in the cooperation agreement contract are not fulfilled and have the principle of honesty and state their claim to the principles of a taradin minkum and la tazhlimuna wa la tuzhlamun on the aspects of buying and selling patterns between farmers and collectors.
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Saliki, Saliki, Triyatni Martosenjoyo, and Afifah Harisah. "Pemanfaatan Ruang Kios dan Los Pasar Studi Kasus Pasar Wamanggu Merauke." Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring 23, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25042/jpe.112019.10.

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Trader Behavior Study of Space Utilization Kios/Los Market Case Study of the Wamanggu Market in Merauke. The problem of this study is the behavior of the spatial utilization of aisles in the Wamanggu Market in Merauke that the space of selling used cannot accommodate traders' activities in selling in arranging merchandise in the stalls and in serving buyers the circulation space of traders in serving buyers is narrow. Therefore, the traders choose to use an aisle which is considered to be more fulfilling the activities of traders in selling. The purpose of this research is to obtain the description of the behavior patterns of stall traders in conducting trade activity, the spatial utilization pattern of the stall was conducted by traders for selling, know the dimensions and arrangement of furniture used by traders and the arrangement of furniture is used the spatial utilization of stalls so that can affect to trade activities space. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach and purposive sampling technique with the informants consisting of 10 spice traders, 5 vegetable and fruit stalls traders, and 6 in clothing stalls traders, while the object of research is the space of traders stalls, and research subjects are the stall traders. The research location is in the Wamanggu Market in Merauke, Merauke Regency with a research period of 5 months. The results obtained that the behavior patterns tend to be familiar with the seller and buyer, such as greeted, chatter, and gathered. Spatial utilization behaviour tends to use the aisles to selling by arranging all merchandise and part of the area of the aisle. The ideal size of the selling space in the spice stalls, vegetable stalls, and fruit stalls are 250 cm x 300 cm with the type of furniture Case Fixture or open shelves with a size of 250 cm x 150 cm x 100 cm and and circulation patterns of the L shape on the kitchen herbs and patterns Linear form circulation in vegetable stalls, fruit booths with a size of circulation area of 50 cm-100 cm and in the clothing stall is influenced by the number of openings namely: 1 opening with U and Grid patterns, 2 openings with L and Grid patterns, 3 openings with Linear and Grid pattern and ideal space of 350 cm x 400 cm so that the circulation area of 45.7 cm-61 cm is obtained and on the hallway as the orientation of the aisles has an ideal width of 400 cm
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6

Analia, Devi, Faidil Tanjung, Syofyan Fairuzi, and Ramita S. Pimura. "Pola Saluran Tataniaga Pola di Kenagarian Tanjung Sani Kecamatan Tanjung Raya Kabupaten Agam." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 32, no. 1 (June 25, 2016): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v32i1.1732.

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The research purpose is to describe nutmeg’s marketing channel pattern and to identify the marketing instutional function involves in marketing channel. The used method is survey and descriptive analysis. The survey is conducted by following the marketing channel pattern and the observation activity that is do by farmer as producers to middlemen or finar consumers. The result shows that 2 pattern of marketing channel are applied in location. First pattern marketing channel is farmers – man in village second patter marketing channel is farmers – whole saler. Their activity, according to marketing function consists of exhange function(selling and buying), phisic function (transportation, saving, sortation) and fasility (finance, market information, risk management).
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7

Bai, Min, Xiao-Ming Li, and Yafeng Qin. "Short-selling constraints and stock-valuation pattern: a regime–event analysis." Applied Economics 48, no. 56 (May 3, 2016): 5462–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1178848.

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8

S.Pd., M.Pd., Tamrin. "BENTUK TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DALAM INTERAKSI JUAL BELI DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA PALU." Multilingual 19, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/multilingual.v19i1.139.

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Abstract A speaker can influence the speech partner to do what is meant by the speaker. By raising the case of directive speech acts in the interaction of buying and selling in ManondaInpres Market, Palu city,the research aimed to describe the pattern and function of directive speech acts in interactions between sellers and buyers in InpresManonda Traditional Markets Palu City. The method used is a pragmatic approach with observation, recording, note taking and recording techniques, then analyzed based on the pattern of speech acts and functions. The findings based on the data analysisindicate that the form of directive speech acts in the interaction of buying and selling in InpresManonda Traditional Market, Palu City, namely inviting, ordering, banning, advising, giving advice, and asking. The directive speech acts function in buying and selling interactions in InpresManonda Market, Palu City, namely inviting, instructing, prohibiting, and asking.
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9

Mulawarman, Aji Dedi, M. Fadhir A. I. Lamase, Novrida Qudsi Lutfillah, Febrina Nur Ramadhani, and Meryana Rizky Ananda. "Pendampingan Penentuan Harga Jual Buku di Penerbit Peneleh." Jurnal Abdimas Multidisiplin 1, no. 1 (October 5, 2022): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jamu.v1i1.1437.

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Abstract: Purpose: to overcome problems related to determining the selling price of books appropriately by considering material and non-material aspects. Method: This assistance was carried out at Peneleh Publishers using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. Data were collected through observation, Focus Group Discussion, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the success of the mentoring program can be seen through three indicators, namely knowledge, action, and evaluation. Results: The implementation of the program is carried out in three stages, namely socialization, mentoring, and review. The socialization stage of this program was carried out in 5 meetings. From the socialization stage, information was obtained regarding the problems faced by participants related to setting the selling price of books and giving discounts. The next stage is mentoring. The activities carried out at this stage are identifying material and non-material aspects in determining the selling price of books, identifying differences in the components of determining the selling price of printed books and digital books, calculating the cost of goods sold with the agreed method, determining the pattern calculation of selling prices and book discounts, as well as applying formulas with the designed system. The stage of reviewing the abilities and skills of participants is carried out to evaluate the entire program that has been carried out. Based on the review of the abilities and skills of the participants in determining the selling price of books, it can be said that the abilities and skills of the participants are good. Conclusion: The mentoring program have been achieved well. Participants of the mentoring program can understand the concept and urgency of setting selling prices on their products, be able to identify the components of costs, both material and non-material, understand the right discount calculation pattern, and be able to apply the technique of determining the right selling price for book products. published. Keywords: 1. Cost of Goods Sold 2. Participatory Action Research 3. Selling Price
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10

Mursalat, Aksal, Ayu Wulandary, and Fitriani R. "IDENTIFICATION OF PARTNERSHIP PATTERNS AND RICE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS AS THE MAIN COMMODITY IN SIDENRENG RAPPANG DISTRICT." Agricultural Social Economic Journal 20, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2020.20.4.3.

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Sidenreng Rappang Regency is one of the rice providers in South Sulawesi Province in supporting food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. However, there are several problems faced by farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency, namely farmers have not been able to optimize their production results due to limited information in determining selling prices, while through a partnership pattern it makes it easier for farmers to obtain information about marketing and other problems, namely the length of distribution channels experienced by farmers. causing the selling price of rice to be classified as very low. The purpose of this research is to identify or study the partnership patterns and distribution channels that have been carried out by rice farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This research was conducted in Sidenreng Rappang Regency which took place in May-August 2020. The method used was observation and interviews involving 10 rice farmer respondents, then the data were analyzed to determine the implementation of the partnership pattern in the form of a descriptive method and to detect the distribution pattern of rice commodities. Based on the results of the research, the partnership pattern in the rice distribution channel in Sidenreng Rappang Regency is included in the category of general trading patterns, namely by marketing unhulled grain products to rice milling companies through intermediary traders. The implementation of the rice distribution channel system begins with farmers - collectors - rice milling companies, then distributed to two business actors, namely large companies and retailers to the final level to consumers.
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11

Sudirman, Sudirman, Ebenezer Bonyah, Sereima Takiveikata, and Jenisus O. Dejarlo. "Social arithmetics: learning from Indramayu traditional market traders in doing calculations." International Journal of Mathematics and Sciences Education 1, no. 1 (June 27, 2023): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.59965/ijmsed.v1i1.25.

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This study aims to reveal the counting patterns performed by Indramayu Traditional Market Traders in buying and selling activities. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling by collecting data using snowball sampling. The participants involved in this study were three traders. Data analysis in this study used qualitative analysis from Milles & Huberman, which consisted of 4 stages: data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this study indicate that Indramayu traditional market traders have used mathematical concepts such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations in buying and selling activities. Besides that, this study also found that traditional traders use backward calculations (from front to back) in buying and selling their wares. The calculation method traditional trader’s use differs from that usually taught in schools. This method has become a standard pattern to make it easier for them to count. Based on these findings it implies that there are other ways of operating information activities that can be used by schools formally. In addition, teachers must be able to provide the context in everyday life, especially in buying and selling activities in traditional markets, to students so that students get a broader understanding of solving problems in arithmetic material.
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12

Wahyuningsih, Diah, and David HM Hasibuan. "Penggunaan Pola Produksi Dalam Menentukan Harga Jual Melalui Penerapan Metode Mark Up (Studi kasus pada UMKM Tepung Talas RUSMAN)." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi Kesatuan 6, no. 2 (August 18, 2018): 174–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37641/jiakes.v6i2.144.

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The main obstacle of the inability of MSMEs to manage and develop businesses is medium or large scale, one of which is efficient production management and the determination of selling prices that are profitable and sustainable in the face of competitors. One of them is the UMKM Tepung Talas Rusman which is a producer of complementary products with a narrow market share and high price competition, so the determination of the amount of production, calculation of production costs and the determination of the right selling price is very decisive. This study aims to determine the application of production patterns, calculation of production costs and determining the right selling price by analyzing the application of the appropriate markup method in order to be able to continue to provide benefits but still able to produce competitive prices. The results of this study show that the pattern of constant production is in accordance with the current condition of MSMEs. This study also shows the calculation of the correct production costs so that an analysis of the determination of the right selling price can be done. The right mark up method with the ability to cover all production costs creates profitability but remains competitive with the ROI Pricing method. Thus MSME TTR can guarantee the profitability and sustainability of its business.
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Melati, Delila, and Titi Sri Wahyuni. "ASSOCIATION RULE DALAM MENENTUKAN CROSS-SELLING PRODUK MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA FP-GROWTH." Voteteknika (Vocational Teknik Elektronika dan Informatika) 7, no. 4 (January 28, 2020): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/voteteknika.v7i4.106499.

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Sales transaction data at Bigmart stored in a database will be able to become new knowledge if processed using the data mining process. In addition, inventory is also a problem that is being faced by Bigmart. Data mining is able to analyze data into information in the form of transaction patterns that are useful in increasing revenue, one of which is Cross-Selling products. Association rule is one of the data mining methods included in the Market Basket Analysis method. The algorithm used is the FP-Growth algorithm because it has the virtue of shorter time processing data. The pattern obtained is determined by the value of support (support) and the value of confidence (confidence). To find the association rules the FP-Growth algorithm is used. To get more accurate association rules, use the Weka 8.3 tool. There are 11 association rules obtained using the Weka 8.3 tool which is classified as a Stong Rule that meets the Minimum support value of 10% and Minimum confidence 80%. Keywords: Database, Cross-selling, Market Basket Analysis, Association Rule, FP-Growth
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Hou, Xiyang, and Yongjiang Guo. "Centralized Decisions for a Two-Stage Supply Chain with Price-Discount Dependent Demand." Journal of Systems Science and Information 6, no. 3 (June 29, 2018): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21078/jssi-2018-249-11.

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Abstract In this paper, we study a centralized supply chain for a two-stage with selling price discount. This supply chain consists of a supplier and a retailer. Based on the feature that the product’s selling season is short and the supply chain faces great demand uncertainty. We consider a two-stage scenario where, at the beginning of stage 1, the supplier reserves production capacity based on historic data in advance, stage 2 comes to us after some leadtime, both the supplier and the retailer update the demand information, the retailer then places an order not exceeding the reserved capacity based on the selling-pricing discount dependent demand. We make optimal decisions on the reserved capacity in stage 1, selling price discount and order quantity in stage 2. In this supply chain, the pattern in stage 2 is figured out first, and then stage 1 is cleared as well. Then we present a numerical example to give some insights. Finally we get some conclusions.
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Aditya Prayudhi, Luhur, and Rona Asmara. "EFFICIENCY OF MARKETING CHANNELS FOR MELON (Cucumis melo L.) IN THE GREEN HOUSE OF BALITAR ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY, BLITAR CITY." JOSAR (Journal of Students Academic Research) 9, no. 1 (April 4, 2023): 130–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.35457/josar.v9i1.2777.

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In the era of free market trade, competition is getting tougher. It is necessary to find a special market to boost the selling price of melons. High quality fruit offered will deserve a high selling price. The purpose of marketing margin analysis is to see the marketing efficiency indicated by the amount of profit received by each marketing actor. Based on the calculation of marketing margins and farmershare of the two marketing channels, channel I has the same amount of margin for grades A, B, and C have the same marketing margin of Rp 6000/kg. The farmer share value of channel I pattern for grade A is 70%, grade B is 62.5%, and grade C is 57.1%. Channel pattern II has a total margin for grade A of Rp 26,000/kg, grade B of Rp 20,000, and grade C of Rp 17,000/kg. The farmer share value of channel pattern II for grade A is 35%, grade B is 33.3%, and grade C is 32%. It can be concluded that the most efficient channel pattern in melon fruit sales at the Green House of Balitar Islamic University in Blitar City is channel pattern I, because it has the shortest marketing chain, namely producers directly to consumers.
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Fidiana, Fidiana, Triyonowati Triyonowati, Endang Dwi R, Budiyanto Budiyanto, Dini Widyawati, and Widhi Rochdianingrum. "Housewives' Role in Protecting the Environment Through Recycling Cement Bags with Ecoprint." AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment) 7, no. 2 (June 20, 2023): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29165/ajarcde.v7i2.281.

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Maintaining the sustainability of the environment is a shared responsibility. This effort can be made by recycling existing waste. One of the wastes that has the potential to be reprocessed is cement bag waste. These cement bags have the characteristics of thick paper, no pattern, and neutral base color. Based on these characteristics, the ecoprint technique is a suitable choice. Ecoprint is considered suitable because it uses natural materials that do not damage the environment, and the motif patterns are obtained from leaves and flowers that fall in the environment around the house. This processing technique uses raw materials from the surrounding environment and can maximize organic waste in the surrounding environment. The results of this process can be used as home decoration, bags, and hats with a high and exclusive selling value. The selling price of ecoprint products for bags is around $15-$25. Wall displays are around $10-$20, depending on the type of item and how it is done.
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Aziz, Muhammad Majid, Imran Masood, Mahreen Yousaf, Hammad Saleem, Dan Ye, and Yu Fang. "Pattern of medication selling and self-medication practices: A study from Punjab, Pakistan." PLOS ONE 13, no. 3 (March 22, 2018): e0194240. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0194240.

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18

Das Roy, Monami, and Shib Sankar Sana. "Random sales price-sensitive stochastic demand." Journal of Advances in Management Research 14, no. 4 (October 2, 2017): 408–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jamr-10-2016-0086.

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Purpose This research work introduces an imperfect production system where the demand is assumed to be stochastic and it is influenced by random selling price. The shift time from an “in-control” state to an “out-of-control” state is exponentially distributed. The accumulated inventory contains both perfect and defective items which are all sold with a free repair warranty (FRW) offer. Complete back ordering of shortages are taken into account. The purpose of this paper is to determine the optimal selling price and hence the optimal production lot size such that the expected profit is maximized. Design/methodology/approach The general model is discussed separately for both types of uniformly distributed selling price-sensitive demand pattern: additive type and multiplicative type. Numerical examples and graphical representations of the optimal solutions are provided to illustrate the models. Findings This paper helps the manager to manage future situations and it may be considered as a base work for the researchers to work in this direction. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this model is to consider a single item for a single channel system. There are many correlated issues that need to be further investigated. The future study in this direction may include the consideration of multi-items, diverse demand pattern with different types of price distributions. Originality/value In the production inventory literature, plenty of articles are available considering imperfect production but none of them have considered selling price-sensitive stochastic demand where the sales price is random in character under an FRW offer.
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Yandri, Pitri. "Pola Produksi, Distribusi Dan Analisi Titik Impas Industri Arang Tempurung Kelapa Di Kawasan Suburban Indonesia." Liquidity 3, no. 2 (June 28, 2018): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32546/lq.v3i2.89.

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Suburb is characterized by two activities at once: residential area and trade and agricultural activities and/or small-scale industries. One of industry exist in the middle of neighborhood is coconut shell charcoal industries. Five manufacturerswere observed to identify and analyze the patterns of production, distribution and production effectiveness. The observation result shows that the entire manufacturer relying on traditional markets in South Tangerang Municipality, Parung District and South Jakarta as a major supplier of raw materials. The main constraints faced by the industries in obtaining raw materials are competition among them (asymmetric information). The pattern of distribution is directly and indirectly distribution. Direct distribution patterns made by selling charcoal to the end consumer (restaurant) and indirect distribution patterns performed by using large suppliers and retailers in traditional markets. The distribution pattern is also performed passively in which the industries are waiting for consumer to come and then make a transaction. However, the entire industries have the effectiveness of production.
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Miah, MR, and M. Moniruzzaman. "Selling pattern and marketing system of Boro paddy in Purbadhala upazila of Netrakona district in Bangladesh." Progressive Agriculture 31, no. 2 (December 16, 2020): 104–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v31i2.50715.

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Bangladesh is one of the major rice producing countries in the world; rice is the major crop of this highly populated agrarian country and this sector is by far the most important provider of rural employment. The study was designed to examinethe marketing system with selling pattern of paddy in selected areas of Netrakona district which is one of the important paddy producing areas of Bangladesh. Samples were purposively selected in order to meet the objectives. The total sample size was 45 respondents including 20 paddy farmers, 7 Faria, 5 Bepari, 5 Paiker and 8 Aratdar-cum- wholesaler. Primary data were collected through face to face interview with the farmers and intermediaries by the researcher himself during the month of November, 2013. The marketed surplus of all types of farms represents 72.07 percent of total quantity of paddy produced in this study area. Marketing functions performed by the farmers in the study area were selling of paddy, transportation, storage, grading, financing and market information. The marketing functions performed by the intermediaries were buying and selling of paddy, transportation, storage, processing, grading, financing, pricing, market information and risk bearing. Farmers and intermediaries transported their paddy to the market for sale by head/shoulder load, rickshaw, van, trolley, push cart, bi-cycle etc. In this study the researcher had found 10 marketing channels of paddy in the study area. In describing selling pattern of boro paddy, the study showed that the small farmers sold 64.17 percent of paddy and the medium and large farmers sold 70.37 and 75.00 percent of paddy, respectively. The small farmers recorded the highest number of sale (7) and the quantity offered per sale was the lowest i.e. 8.25 quintal. The number of sale for the large farms was the lowest (4) but the quantity sold per sale was the highest (53.57 quintal). The small, medium and large farmers sold 74, 39 and 25 percent of their total sale at the farm-gate and 26, 61 and 75 percent in the primary and secondary markets, respectively. Progressive Agriculture 31 (2): 104-118, 2020
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Kang, Myung-koo. "The Sequence and Consequences of Bank Restructuring in South Korea, 1998––2006: Too Fast to Adjust." Asian Survey 49, no. 2 (March 1, 2009): 243–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2009.49.2.243.

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This paper explores the sequence, pace, and emerging outcomes of bank restructuring in South Korea since the financial crisis in late 1997, paying special attention to the state intervention pattern in regard to resolving non-performing loans and privatizing temporarily nationalized banks by foreign selling.
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Dalimunthe, Apip Gunaldi. "The Distribution Pattern And Marketing Efficiency Of Robusta Coffee At Tanggamus Regency." Management Research and Behavior Journal 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2021): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29103/mrbj.v1i2.5802.

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Coffee is one of the plantation comodities in Indonesia which has important economic value as a source of income for the country. Marketing is one of the most essential sub-systems to ensure the successfulness in agriculture. This research aims to know the pattern of marketing channels of robusta coffee and make analysis of efficiency level of robusta coffee marketing at Tanggamus Regency. The main problem in this research is the formed marketing channels will affect the final price of a robusta coffee product in the market. The method used in this research was descriptive analysis using snowball sampling technique with 68 farmers and 4 traders as respondents. The analaysis of marketing margin was used to know the gap of selling price in the level of producers and the selling price in the level of consumers. Farmer’s share was used to know the price for farmers. The result of this research shows that there are 3 patterns of marketing channel, they are: (1) Farmers to big collective traders to exporters, (2) Farmers to big traders to exporters, (3) Farmers to small collective traders to big traders to exporters. The efficient marketing channel is in the first channel because it has the smallest marketing margin whose margin is Rp. 1.520/Kg and the highest farmer’s share which reaches 93,42%.
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Sutrisno, Sutrisno. "PENERAPAN ALGORITMA APRIORI UNTUK MENCARI POLA PENJUALAN PRODUK DANA PADA PT BANK RAKYAT INDONESIA (PERSERO) TBK KANCA JAKARTA PASAR MINGGU." Jurnal Sistem Informasi dan Informatika (Simika) 3, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 12–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47080/simika.v3i1.834.

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Various funding products which are offered by a bank sometimes make the clients tend to change their choices into other products from different banks. We need to make specific strategy so that we can dominate the market of this funding product. There will be selling reduction in this product if the used strategy is not appropriate. A company can use Data Mining process in order to reach the maximum profit of the fund’s selling products. One of the processes is by using priory algorithm. The association rules can be found by using this priory algorithm. Then, the rules can be used as a fund selling pattern towards the clients. The purpose of priory algorithm is to find the frequent item sets that are run in a group of data. Priory analysis defined as a process of finding all the priory rules which is qualified to support and to confidence.
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Miftah, Himmatul, and Ahmad Syarbaini. "MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI UBIKAYU MELALUI POLA KLASTER SISTEM AGRIBISNIS TERINTEGRASI DI KABUPATEN SUKABUMI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT." SEPA: Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian dan Agribisnis 10, no. 2 (September 4, 2017): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/sepa.v10i2.14142.

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The research was aimed at developing a society empowerment model through a cluster pattern. Empowerment was able to increase income through the optimization of farming resources to produce processed cassava products with high selling and added values. The model was developed by the integration of upstream and downstream agribusiness subsystems by using a cluster pattern that involved various components including farmers/farmer groups, processes in agribusiness system, and institutional system in cassava agribusiness in Sukabumi Regency.
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Ramadhan, Aditya, Irma Palupi, and Bambang Ari Wahyudi. "Candlestick Patterns Recognition using CNN-LSTM Model to Predict Financial Trading Position in Stock Market." Journal of Computer System and Informatics (JoSYC) 3, no. 4 (September 3, 2022): 339–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/josyc.v3i4.2133.

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Investors need analytical tools to predict the price and to determine trading positions. Candlestick pattern is one of the analytical tools that predict price trends. However, the patterns are difficult to recognize, and some studies show doubts regarding the robustness of the recognizing system. In this study, we tested the predictive ability of candlestick patterns to determine trading positions. We use Gramian Angular Field (GAF) to encode candlestick patterns as images to recognize 3-hour and 5-hour of 6 candlestick patterns with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), coupled with the Long short-term memory (LSTM) model to predict the close price. The trading position consists of buying and selling position with a hold period of several hours. Our results show CNN successfully detected 3-hour and 5-hour GAF candlestick patterns with an accuracy of 90% and 93%. LSTM can predict the close price trend with 155.458 RMSE scores and 0.9754% MAPE with 10-hour look back. With a hold duration of three hours and CNN-LSTM as an additional model, the test data's 85 candlestick patterns are recognized with 82.7% accuracy, compared to 60% accuracy of profitable trading positions when CNN candlestick pattern recognition is used alone. Compared to employing CNN candlestick pattern identification alone, the CNN-LSTM model combination can improve the prediction power of candlestick patterns and offer more lucrative trading positions.
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Xie, Ke, Ling Yun Lang, and Hui Shen. "The Interpretation of the New City Residential Pattern - Taking the Youth Dwelling SOLO for Instance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 438-439 (October 2013): 1770–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.438-439.1770.

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This paper analyses the phenomenon about well selling on the new house type SOLO from the angle of development of dwelling in this century. Paying attention to youths demand on psychology and physiology, a proposal to renew the idea on design of residence is put forward, and. some views on the new city residential pattern are discussed.
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Kong, Okrye, and Daekeun Park. "The Impact of Individual Investor‘s Selling Activity on Asymmetric Volatility in the ETF Market of Korea." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 20, no. 4 (November 30, 2012): 427–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-04-2012-b0003.

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This study analysed the effect of individual investors‘ sell-buy imbalance on asymmetric volatility in returns using daily transaction data of the Korean ETF market. Major Finding of the Paper are as follows. First, there exists asymmetric volatility in the sense that the return, volatility, tends to increase when returns fall unexpectedly in the ETF market as well as in stock market. In this case, individual investors' increased selling activity is the main reason behind the increase the volatility while institutional investors' selling activity does not seem to cause asymmetric volatility. Second, when the prices go down, individual investors show herding behavior in transactions because increased selling activity by individual investors amplify volatility. Third, in addition to herding behavior, individual investors' transaction pattern as uninformed investors or as liquidity transactors also causes asymmetric volatility. Fourth, in some large ETFs, disposition effect of individual investors who are reluctant to sell when prices go down plays an important role in generating asymmetric volatility.
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Thi Nguyen, Mong Hien. "Adjustment of patterns of women’s trousers on the baseof the lower body." BOHR International Journal of Operations Management Research and Practices 2, no. 1 (2022): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijomrp.2023.13.

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This article presents the influence of female lower body characteristics as a waist position to the bottom of thefoot on the design of women’s trousers. First, the author designs patterns for people with straight legs. Second,the product will wear on people with bow legs, X-legs, and people who have big waists and small thighs. Third,the author analyzes the fit of each pattern in every sample and gives directions for pattern correction. Finally,the samples are sewn again until they fit samples and are not wrinkles. The anthropometric theoretical researchmethod is used in the product fit analysis. The theory designs trousers pattern that is used to design patterns forpeople who have straight legs. The experimental research method is used to conduct actual surveys on 40 peoplefrom four groups with different lower body parts through the Likert scale for five evaluation criteria on five levels.The survey results are analyzed on the SPSS software. The results show that Cronbach’s alpha index is over 0.7.Research has made practical contributions in the field of garment product design as well as consulting customerswhen buying and selling clothes.
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Karimudin, Yos. "Pola Saluran Pemasaran Beras di Kecamatan Tanjung Lago, Kabupaten Banyuasin." Jembatan : Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen 17, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 239–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/jmbt.v17i2.12767.

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The purpose of this study is to first look at the pattern of rice marketing channels and to find out the factors that influence it in Tanjung Lago District, Banyuasin Regency. This research was conducted in Tanjung Lago district, Banyuasin Regency in September - November 2019. The selection of the location of this study was carried out deliberately with the consideration that the majority of residents in Tanjung Lago district Banyuasin Regency are rice farmers, there is a village market, and is an area of rice production centres. The method used in this study is a quantitative descriptive method with surveys and interviews in which the sampling is used a simple random sampling method by taking 100 respondents. The results of this study indicate that rice marketing institutions have formed a marketing pattern consisting of four marketing channels. Factors that have a significant effect on the pattern of rice marketing channels are farm-level selling prices, marketing margins, and marketing efficiency. Marketing channel 1 is the shortest marketing channel, which has produced the smallest marketing margin value of 23.65%. The selling price of farmers' grain/rice, marketing margins, and marketing efficiency partially or simultaneously significantly influences the average farmer share of 67.69%.
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Ismarmiaty, Ismarmiaty, and Ria Rismayati. "Product Sales Promotion Recommendation Strategy with Purchase Pattern Analysis FP-Growth Algorithm." Sinkron 8, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33395/sinkron.v8i1.11898.

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The development of retail business technology is related to the need for management to meet customer demands by using technology. To help make effective sales strategic decisions, it is necessary to optimize the use of information technology on existing sales transaction data. The transaction database that has been stored as a company archive asset can be used for processing information that is useful in increasing product sales and promotions. This study aims to provide an analysis related to the product sales pattern of PT. X in Sumbawa Besar city. PT. X is a retail company that sells distributes daily consumer goods. The algorithm used is Frequent Pattern – Growth which is one of the algorithms in data mining used to find relationships in large data based on the number of occurrences of these data relationships. The Association Rule Mining method can be used in the retail business field, known as Market Basket Analysis. The application used for testing is Rapidminer 9.10. The research stages include: data collection, data preparation, FP-Growth algorithm implementation, result analysis and conclusions. The results of the tests carried out resulted in 819 rules with a total of 85 rules. The results of grouping strong rules based on the combination and number of products that produce information that is expected to be used as recommendations to promote products with discount, cross-selling, up-selling, product bundling and other types of promotions to increase product sales.
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Kim, KyoungOk, Yuta Toyomaru, Hong-Wei Li, and Masayuki Takatera. "Country of manufacture in garment marketability by Japanese and Chinese experts." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 32, no. 1 (November 19, 2019): 119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijcst-03-2018-0034.

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Purpose The authors compared garments made in Poland, Japan and China to investigate the effect of country of manufacture (COM) on garment marketability by Japanese and Chinese experts. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences between the Japanese and Chinese experts. Design/methodology/approach The authors compared ten jackets and ten skirts manufactured by four factories in Poland, Japan and China and one Japanese sample maker using five different textiles. The authors provided the same specifications and sample pattern to each of the garment makers. The garment’s marketability was evaluated by 16 Japanese and 18 Chinese experts using a questionnaire survey, considering garment shape, silhouette, face fabric, sub-materials, anticipated appeal to consumers, sewing and ironing skills, and estimated selling price. Findings There were high correlations between the Japanese experts’ estimated selling price and evaluation scores in relation to shape, silhouette and face fabric. There were high correlations between the Chinese experts’ estimated selling price and evaluation scores in relation to all items except for face fabric and buttons. However, there were no significant differences between manufacturing countries. Therefore, the garment quality was not dependent on COM because the manufacturing skills of all selected factories were adequate. Originality/value This study experimentally investigated the effect of COM on garment marketability by evaluating garments manufactured in Japan, China and Poland using the same pattern and specification sheet. Moreover, these results show differences between the Japanese and Chinese experts for the COM effect.
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Shofa, Dzahana, and Kezia Arum Sary. "Group Communication Patterns In Building Trust In Jametal Line Group." Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi 4, no. 8 (August 14, 2023): 1036–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.59141/jist.v4i8.680.

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This study aims to determine communication patterns in building trust in the Jametal line group. Effective communication patterns are built by Jametal admins to create a trust for members to purchase merchandise based on the delivery of information that can be received well, information disclosure by admins, honesty, admin ability to maintain communication to the kindness of admins who always integrate consistently. This type of research is qualitative through the case study method. Data collection techniques are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results showed that 3 (three) communication patterns occurred in the Jametal group, namely one-way communication patterns, two-way communication patterns, and multi-directional communication patterns. But the most dominant communication pattern is the two-way communication pattern. The pattern of one-way communication occurs during greetings every time a new member enters or leaves the group. Two-way communication patterns occur during the buying process to giving testimonials and multi-way communication patterns of buying and selling between members and admins. In forming trust, there are 3 (three) indicators, namely ability, kindness, and integrity. Ability to maintain communication, fulfill market desires and be open to all information. Kindness to create trust is shown by always responding positively and patiently whenever anyone asks or experiences confusion and the integrity of Jametal admin, which is always giving the best consistently, creating a sense of security and comfort for group members regarding merchandise and when communicating to create and maintain the trust of group members.
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Nurjannah, Anggi Vidia, Cicilia Larasati Rembulan, and Jessica Noviana Onggono. "Resiprositas Penjual Pembeli Di TikTok." Experientia: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia 10, no. 2 (December 2022): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33508/exp.v10i2.3891.

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COVID-19 pandemic has led to changes in the way people shop online and has an impact on the emergence of a new phenomenon where the TikTok application becomes a medium for buying and selling online. With TikTok becoming online commerce medium, can cause practical-knowledge gap, by which negative behavior such as scams can happen during buying and selling activities occurs. With this phenomenon, the purpose of this research is to describe the pattern of buyer-seller reciprocity on TikTok social media. This research is included in qualitative research. Primary data used were obtained through informants and secondary data obtained through comments on the TikTok application. Participant characteristics were taken using purposive sampling technique and using a screening with an open questionnaire to find participants who would be interviewed. From the research results, it was found that the buyer-seller reciprocity pattern in TikTok contained three stages in the big theme. The first big theme is the predecessor condition, then it is continued at the process stage (interaction), and ends with output.
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Ghea Septia Atika Refasa, Heriyadi, Bintoro Bagus Purmono, Barkah, and Helma Malini. "Do TikTok Discounts Livestream Triggers Gen Z Impulse Buying Behavior." International Journal of Scientific Research and Management 11, no. 01 (January 10, 2023): 4439–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.18535/ijsrm/v11i01.em04.

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The popularity of live streaming has changed the pattern of interaction between buyers and sellers in the modern business world. For business people, live streaming brings benefits because product information can be disseminated instantly. The high number of social media users in Indonesia has also led to new marketing methods, one of which is live streaming. This quantitative study aims to determine the effect of discounts on Livestream sales on the TikTok application on impulsive purchases of generation Z in Indonesia, which are mediated by positive emotions. This study involved 220 people from various regions in Indonesia who were collected online using a purposive sampling technique with a questionnaire. The data was analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS 24. The results showed that discounts during Livestream selling on the TikTok application had a positive and significant effect on impulse purchases of generation Z in Indonesia. Meanwhile, discounts when selling Livestream on the TikTok application have a positive and significant effect on positive emotions. Positive emotions have an indirect effect between discounts during Livestream selling and impulsive purchases of generation Z in Indonesia. These findings can assist online business players in optimizing marketing in the Livestream selling industry, which is currently booming.
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Faten Saleem Eid, Faten Saleem Eid. "The Relationship Between Principals' Patterns of Leadership According to Blanchard and Hersey Theory and The Level of Teacher's Job Satisfaction in the Directory of Education in Amman First Area: علاقة النمط القيادي لمديري المدارس حسب" نظرية بلا نشرد وهيرسي" بمستوى الرضا الوظيفي لمعلمي المرحلة الثانوية بمديرية التربية والتعليم للواء ماركا." مجلة العلوم التربوية و النفسية 5, no. 44 (November 28, 2021): 152–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.n060521.

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This study aimed at identifying the relationship of leadership pattern with the satisfaction of their teachers in the Directorate of Education in Amman First Area' as well as finding if there are any specialty, secondary school principal pattern, and the interaction between them, The study objectives are to answer the following questions: 1. What are the leadership patterns of the secondary school principals according to Blanchard and Hersey theory? 2. What is the extent of job satisfaction among teachers? 3. Are there any significant differences for job satisfaction and the secondary school principal pattern concerning teacher specialty and the interaction between them? 4. Are there any significant differences for job satisfaction and the leadership pattern of school principal and the interaction between? 5. There were differences in satisfaction resulted of the specialty factor, while other differnces resulted of the secondary school principal's leadership pattern and there was no interaction between specialty and the leadership pattern of the principals. The study recommended that: 1. There should be concentration on the selling leadership pattern, as well as concentrating on the participation of the teacher in decision making and meet their needs and wells. 2. Training the managers on the suitable leadership patterns and develop them vocationally. 3. To find out the reasons of the satisfaction of male teacher concerning the teaching process and find the solutions. 4. Increase the level of satisfaction for teachers through the enrichment of their spiritual level and support their position in society. 5. Performing more studies concerning the leadership pattern and the job satisfaction including the factors not included in this study such as age, marital status, work place, and salary.
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Elsera, Cindy, and H. Ariffudin. "Jargon in Communication Pattern of Traders and Buyers at Traditional Market Karya Kasih Medan Johor." Vernacular: Linguistics, Literature, Communication and Culture Journal 1, no. 2 (February 5, 2022): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35447/vernacular.v1i2.475.

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This research aimed to discuss about the form and the function of jargon used by traders and buyers at traditional market Karya Kasih Medan Johor in communication. The data of this research were taken from utterance of traders and buyers in Traditional Market. This research used qualitative method and the sociolinguistics approach to analyzed the data. To get the result of this research requires several steps, the steps are observation the location,identifying the jargon, clssifiyng the form of jargon and function of jargon, and the last dominat form of jargon. The result of this research were found(3) Acronym, ( 2 ) Abbreviation, (16) Word, (2) Code, and (4) foreign language and the function of jargon classified 4 functions a) as a suggestion of getting acquainted or bonding (b) means of producing certain information (c) for buying and selling or transaction (d) a means to show membership of social identity. The researcher used observation sheet and interview sheet as the instrument to get the valid data. Based on the result, word form was the most frequent that occurred in their communication. The buying and selling for transaction were the most frequent that occurred among group members. The research concluded that traders and buyers used most jargon words in traditional market area.
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Yuliani, Eppy, Mila Karmilah, and M. Agung Ridlo. "POLA RUANG EKONOMI DI KAWASAN PINGGIRAN PERKOTAAN." Jurnal Planologi 18, no. 2 (November 8, 2021): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jpsa.v18i2.17979.

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ABSTRACTThe development of the center of the city of Semarang is very rapid, leading to the outskirts. The outskirts, which were originally used as agricultural areas, have now been converted into built-up areas, settlements, trade and services. This research was conducted in Tembalang Village, which is an educational area, new settlements accompanied by the growth of economic activity. The purpose of this study is to find patterns of economic space in suburban urban areas. Methodology Descriptive analysis research using a qualitative and rationalistic deductive approach that focuses on the environmental approach (behavior approach) and the spatial economic approach. From the results of the analysis, it is concluded that Tembalang Village has an Economic Spatial Pattern that develops along the main road. Economic activities that follow this main road route form a network pattern. This pattern of economic space is also still visible in the surrounding area. The pattern of economic space that develops on the main road corridor has a high selling value of land. Every year there is an increase in land prices, both according to NJOP, land rental prices and land selling prices.Keywords: pattern, space, economy, activity, suburbs, urban. ABSTRAKPerkembangan pusat Kota Semarang yang sangat pesat, mengarah pada kawasan pinggiran. Kawasan pinggiran yang awalnya sebagai fungsi kawasan pertanian, banyak beralih fungsi menjadi kawasan terbangun, pemrmukiman, perdagangan dan jasa. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Tembalang, yang merupakan kawasan pendidikan, permukiman baru disertai dengan pertumbuhan aktivitas ekonomi. Tujuan penelitian ini menemukan pola ruang ekonomi pada kawasan pinggiran perkotaan. Metodologi Penelitian analisis deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deduktif Kualitatif Rasionalistik yang berfokus pada pendekatan lingkungan (behaviour approach) dan pendekatan ekonomi keruangan (spatial economic approach). Dari hasil analisis disimpulkan Kelurahan Tembalang memiliki Pola Ruang Ekonomi yang berkembang di sepanjang jalan utama. Kegiatan perekonomian yang mengikuti jalur jalan utama ini mementuk pola jaringan. Pola ruang ekonomi ini juga masih terlihat pada kawasan sekitarnya. Pola ruang ekonomi yang berkembang pada koridor jalan utama, memiliki nilai jual lahan yang tinggi. Semakin tahun mengalami kenaikan harga lahan baik menurut NJOP, harga sewa lahan maupun harga jual lahan.Kata kunci : pola,ruang, ekonomi, aktivitas, pinggiran, perkotaan.
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Ismarmiaty, Ismarmiaty, and Ria Rismayati. "Purchase Pattern Analysis with FP-Growth Algorithm for Product Sales Promotion Recommendation Strategies." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Pendidikan 15, no. 1 (October 28, 2022): 132–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/jtip.v15i1.499.

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The development of retail business technology is related to the need for management to meet customer demands by using technology. To help make effective sales strategic decisions, it is necessary to optimize the use of information technology on existing sales transaction data. The transaction database that has been stored as a company archive asset can be used for processing information that is useful in increasing product sales and promotions. This study aims to provide an analysis related to the product sales pattern of PT. X in Sumbawa Besar city. PT. X is a retail company that sells distributes daily consumer goods. The algorithm used is Frequent Pattern – Growth which is one of the algorithms in data mining used to find relationships in large data based on the number of occurrences of these data relationships. The Association Rule Mining method can be used in the retail business field, known as Market Basket Analysis. The application used for testing is Rapidminer 9.10. The research stages include: data collection, data preparation, FP-Growth algorithm implementation, result analysis and conclusions. The results of the tests carried out resulted in 819 rules with a total of 85 rules. The results of grouping strong rules based on the combination and number of products that produce information that is expected to be used as recommendations to promote products with discount, cross-selling, up-selling, product bundling and other types of promotions to increase product sales.
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Listihana, Wita Dwika, and Afvan Aquino. "Analisis Pendapatan Pedagang Koran Asongan di Kota Pekanbaru Provinsi Riau." Jurnal Daya Saing 1, no. 1 (February 15, 2015): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35446/dayasaing.v1i1.9.

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Abstract: This Research is aimed to analyze causal factors of the school- age children choosing to work as street newspaper seller, how the pattern of work activity is done, and their participation to family prosperity. The method of this research used survey approach. The sample of this research amount of 40 respondent and used the purposive sampling technique. The research location is in Pekanbaru City, Riau Province with took the location in road intersection of traffic light. The type of data used the primary data by spreading questionnaires and the data analysis in this research used the descriptive-kualitatave. The result showed that factors that caused of school-age children choose to work as street newspaper seller consist of three factors. First, the reason for choosing the job, in this issue at most because of the own disires that is 80% respondents. Second, the reason for doing the job, at most to support family’s economic that is 60% respondents. Third, motivation become a street newspaper seller, at most to get the money that is 75% respondets. Furthermore, the pattern of work activity that is done by road news paper seller can show in three things that are the way of selling, the time of selling and kinds of news papers that is sold. First, the majority of street newspaper seller do the selling with take news papers in an agent or a coordinator that related to the owner’s of news paper that is 77,5% respondents. Second, the time of selling at most is in the morning until the day that is 42,5% respondent.Third, 82,5% respondent sell more than two kinds of news paper. Finally, Their participation into family prosperity is showed by amount of income and the using of income that is received. First, amount of income at most is the income under Rp 50.000,- that is 62,5% respondents. Second, the using of income at most is for school needs and to support their parents that is 37,5% respondents. Keywords: Income, Street newspaper seller, and School-age children
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Hartanto, Susi. "DIGITALISASI POLA PAKAIAN MELALUI CLO3D." Jurnal Da Moda 1, no. 2 (May 2, 2020): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35886/damoda.v1i2.71.

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Moving towards industry 4.0, one of five sectors in Indonesia to be planned as implementation pioneer is textile and clothing industry. Digital competencies have become skill requirement found most in fashion work vacancies. One of common digital method applied in clothing design and production is Clo3D. This article results from a co-creation activity between UPH Product Design, LPK Nadya Jaya, and brand partner (Lovadova); taking Clo3D as a tool to produce 3D patterns, reducing human error, saving time & costs. There are 16 patterns produced, 7 among them are mass-produced. As the result, Clo3D helps in terms of design, revise, simulate clothes in 3D; allowing the clothing business cycle from design to selling a lot faster than traditional process. Key words : Digitalization, Pattern, Clothing, Clo3D
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Ahmed, ABM Kawsar, Md Rezwanul Habib, Samia Afrin, Mohammad Ashiqul Islam, and Md Harun Ur Rashid. "Uses of milk in sweetmeat shops and consumer preferences to milk products at Mymensingh municipality in Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 2, no. 2 (August 9, 2016): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v2i2.29070.

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The work has been designed to investigate the utilization of milk for consumption of fluid milk and milk products, their distribution pattern, pricing, shelf life and consumer’s preference of Mymensingh municipality in Bangladesh. The study was based on milk and milk products and data were collected from the selected sweetmeat shops by direct interview, of which 20 samples were collected from sweetmeat shops and 7 from goalas. Both tabular and statistical methods were used for collected data analysis. Shopkeepers of different sweetmeat shops received raw milk from farmers (52.6%) and goalas (47.4%) and the highest amount of whole milk was required in per unit production of rasomalai (21%) and ghee (18%) whereas the lowest amount in chomchom (9%). Milk products prices were not remained same throughout the year in this municipality due to fluctuation of raw milk availability and their price. Eid, Puja festivals and other educational activities results that may increase milk products selling especially rasogolla and kalojam. Research findings also showed non-significant difference in case of pricing, distribution pattern, shelf life and selling of milk and milk products following sweetmeats.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. June 2016, 2(2): 266-273
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Fawaid, Akhmad. "INCREASING THE SALES PRODUCTIVITY OF 'TETTE CHIPS' DURING THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC, THROUGH DIGITAL MARKETING." Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis & Entrepreneurship 16, no. 1 (April 29, 2022): 71–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.55208/jebe.v16i1.258.

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The Covid-19 pandemic that hit the world and Indonesia impacted the decline in the income of the "tette chips" sellers in Blumbungan Village, Larangan District, Pamekasan. Conventional marketing that "tette chips" sellers carry out by selling directly in traditional markets and peddling to residents' homes is impossible during the pandemic. This research aims to solve the problem faced by the "tette chips" seller by changing the sales pattern with digital marketing. The research method used in this research is the descriptive qualitative method. This research provides benefits and convenience in doing business digitally to the public, even though they were in the covid-19 pandemic period, and increased understanding of sellers about the existence of the internet. The results of this study, namely the increasing selling power of "tette chips" with digital marketing.
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Abdul, Hasan. "Analysis of Distribution Chain of Arabica Coffee in Semarang Regency in 2015." Economics Development Analysis Journal 5, no. 3 (March 14, 2018): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/edaj.v5i3.22146.

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The research aims to determine the flow of distribution chain of Arabica coffee, the actors of distribution chain of Arabica coffee, and the profit margin enjoyed by each actor of distribution chain of Arabica coffee in Semarang Regency. A method used in this research is the mixed method. The location of research is taken in two Districts that have a high production of Arabica coffee those are Getasan District and Banyubiru District. The samples taken in this research consist of 44 coffee farmers, 5 collectors of coffee fruit, 2 wholesalers of coffee fruit, and 3 sellers of Arabica coffee. The data analysis method uses two approaches those are the interactive qualitative using the analysis of the supply chain system and the quantitative descriptive using the analysis of the marketing margin. Based on the research result from the three subject matters, there are three marketing patterns of Arabica coffee those are: (1) The distribution pattern of farming that is existing grows naturally and conforms to the development, needs and capabilities of the actors; the actors in this pattern are the farmers, collectors, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers; (2) The margin that occurs in a pattern growing naturally causes the price difference that is quite large in pattern I of margin about Rp 28,000.00, in pattern II about Rp 20,000.00, and in pattern III about Rp 10,000.00, and the biggest profit is in the collectors so the selling price of the farmers is lower than the market price.
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44

Hadi, Risvan. "ANALISIS PRAKTEK JUAL BELI DROPSHIPPING DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH." AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 4, no. 2 (August 9, 2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.30829/ajei.v4i2.5548.

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In this Dropshipping system there are three related actors they are buyers, sellers (goods owners) and Dropshipper. The series of product sales through the Dropshipping system is when a customer has paid for a product to Dropshipper. Then Dropshipper pays the seller while sending details of the products ordered by the customers. Then the owner of the item will send the product directly ordered by the customer. This research aims to explain the scheme of buying and selling online with the Dropshipping system and analyzing online buying and selling with the Dropshipping system in the perspective of Islamic Economics. This research is a qualitative research. The results of this research conclude that Dropshipping is allowed in the perspective of Islamic Economics by using syirkah contracts, that is syirkah wujuh and simsarah (broker /agent). Both forms of this transaction can legalize Dropshipping buying and selling practices as long as there is no element of gharar / fraud. This Dropshipping practice is in accordance with Maqashid Syariah which will give a pattern of rational and substantial thinking in looking at forms of transactions to respond the growing business that continues to grow.
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45

Hadi, Risvan. "ANALISIS PRAKTEK JUAL BELI DROPSHIPPING DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM LATAR BELAKANG MASALAH." AT-TAWASSUTH: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam 4, no. 2 (August 9, 2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.30821/ajei.v4i2.5548.

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In this Dropshipping system there are three related actors they are buyers, sellers (goods owners) and Dropshipper. The series of product sales through the Dropshipping system is when a customer has paid for a product to Dropshipper. Then Dropshipper pays the seller while sending details of the products ordered by the customers. Then the owner of the item will send the product directly ordered by the customer. This research aims to explain the scheme of buying and selling online with the Dropshipping system and analyzing online buying and selling with the Dropshipping system in the perspective of Islamic Economics. This research is a qualitative research. The results of this research conclude that Dropshipping is allowed in the perspective of Islamic Economics by using syirkah contracts, that is syirkah wujuh and simsarah (broker /agent). Both forms of this transaction can legalize Dropshipping buying and selling practices as long as there is no element of gharar / fraud. This Dropshipping practice is in accordance with Maqashid Syariah which will give a pattern of rational and substantial thinking in looking at forms of transactions to respond the growing business that continues to grow.
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46

Pambudi, Andika, Bambang Juanda, and D. S. Priyarsono Priyarsono. "PENENTU KEBERHASILAN REDENOMINASI MATA UANG: PENDEKATAN HISTORIS DAN EKSPERIMENTAL." Buletin Ekonomi Moneter dan Perbankan 17, no. 2 (January 29, 2015): 167–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21098/bemp.v17i2.48.

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Redenomination is a simplification of nominal value of currency by reducing digit (zero number) without reducing the real value of the currency. The main objective of this research was to examine whether the economic conditions at the time of redenomination may affect the success of currency redenomination. The methods used were regression analysis on historical data of 30 countries which are involved in redenominating their currencies, economic experiments with t-test, and survey of people’ perspective. Based on regression analysis, inflation will decrease and economic growth will rise higher after redenomination, if previously a country have experienced high economic growth as well. Based on experimental research, when inflation was high, redenomination could increase the selling price. Otherwise, when inflation was low, redenomination could decrease the selling price. Changes in selling price after redenomination was not affected significantly by differences in economic growth conditions. In different economic conditions, redenomination policy did not significantly affect the changes number of transactions and total value of transactions in the market. From the survey results, public did not believe government can control inflation after redenomination. Redenomination also will not affect consumption pattern. Keywords: Redenomination, Inflation, Economic Growth, Experiment JEL Classification: C91, E31, E42, E58
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47

Patel, Maulika, M. R. Bhatt, and Khushboo Bhati. "Participation pattern of rural women in household production system." Gujarat Journal of Extension Education 34, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.56572/gjoee.2022.34.1.0026.

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A rural woman contributes a lot in the household production system by participating in agriculture activities, different income generating activities like teaching, selling matters etc. and family as well as social activities which are an essential part of rural economy. To study the participation pattern of rural women in household production system, an experiment with ex post facto research design was conducted in three talukas named Vansda, Chikhali and Khergam of Navsari district. Two villages from each taluka were selected randomly. From one village twenty rural women as respondent were selected. The interview schedule was prepared and pre-tested to collect the data. Total 120 respondents were surveyed through personal interview technique from their home, farm, office or any other workplace. It was found that majority of the rural women had medium to low level of participation in household production system with medium level of participation in farm activities, home activities, off farm activities and communal activities.
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48

Al Zarliani, Wa Ode, Muzuna Muzuna, and Sigit Sugianto. "Behavior and Marketing Analysis of Pepper (Piper nigrum L.): A Comparative Study of Farmers, Trading Districts and Retailers in Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia." Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 38, no. 1 (November 30, 2022): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/carakatani.v38i1.59193.

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Inefficient marketing and low production are the main obstacles in the selling of pepper and they also cause a low bargaining position for farmers in the market. Therefore, this study aims to determine the market behavior activities carried out to determine prices, as well as analyze marketing channels, profits received by participants and efficiency. Samples used in this study were 27 farmers, 4 trading districts, and 3 respondent retailers. The qualitative analysis was used to analyze the pattern of channels, the functions performed by associated agencies and the market behavior of the pepper commodity. Quantitative analysis was also carried out to evaluate the marketing margins, costs incurred by traders, profits received and efficiency. The results show that the selling price of pepper was determined by the merchant, with different payment systems including cash, initial deposit, and balance through oral cooperation in the form of an agreement on a place of sales, followed by the provision of capital to farmers. In the marketing process, 4 patterns of channels were formed, which include local markets and others outside the regency, and their efficiencies were above 50%. These results show that government need to provide pepper markets outside the province to improve the welfare of farmers and ensure they don't depend only on the local marketplace during harvest.
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49

Alansa, Fahira Leny, Mustafa Usman, and Widyawati Widyawati. "Analisis Perbedaan Pendapatan Petani Kopi (Pola Diversifikasi dan Non-Diversifikasi) di Kecamatan Atu Lintang Kabupaten Aceh Tengah." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 7, no. 1 (April 28, 2022): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v7i1.18955.

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The problem of the selling price of coffee beans cannot be separated from dependence on export markets which are more vulnerable and risky when compared to commodities that have alternative market shares such as the domestic market. The occurrences is often detrimental to farmers, because the harvest is the time that is awaited, especially for farmers in Atu Lintang. This is because almost all people are coffee farmers who are very dependent on the production and selling price of coffee. Presence of diversification plants on the same land as coffee can provide oppotunities for new sources of income for farmers and an reduce price fluktuations and crop failures in one of the commodities that can harm farmers. Where in addition to coffee, farmers divesify their coffee plants with fruit tree in the form of avocados, oranges, and bananas. But in Atu Lintang not all farmers implement diversification. There are still many farmers who only grow coffee plants. This study aims to find out how the differences in farm income that apply a diversification pattern and non-diversification farming pattern in Atu Lintang sub district. In this study using two average difference test analysis or independent sample t-test. The analytical method used is statistical analysis of the average differences test or independent sample t-test. The results showed that the income of the diversification farming pattern was greater than that of the non-diversification farming pattern. This is indicated by the results of the independent sample t-test where the t-count value obtained is greater than the t-table, which is 3.082 2.019 at the 95% confidence level.
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50

Kurniana, Tina, Ariesta Lestari, and Enny Dwi Oktaviyani. "Penerapan Algoritma Apriori untuk Mencari Pola Transaksi Penjualan Berbasis Web pada Cafe Sakuyan Side." KONSTELASI: Konvergensi Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi 3, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24002/konstelasi.v3i1.7005.

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Abstrak. Dalam menjalankan usaha bisnis kafe diperlukan suatu strategi penjualan agar dapat menarik pelanggan. Strategi penjualan yang dapat dilakukan antara lain membuat paket menu dan cross-selling (menawarkan produk tambahan atau pelengkap kepada pelanggan). Sakuyan Side merupakan salah satu kafe yang ada di Kota Palangka Raya, Kalimantan Tengah memiliki data transaksi penjualan yang cukup banyak setiap harinya, namun sayangnya hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai laporan keuangan. Padahal dengan menggunakan data mining algoritma apriori, data transaksi penjualan tersebut dapat dianalisis dan diolah untuk mendapatkan suatu pola penjualan berdasarkan menu transaksi penjualan. Dari hasil pola penjualan ini dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam menyusun strategi penjualan yakni rekomendasi pembuatan paket menu dan rekomendasi penawaran produk tambahan atau biasa disebut sebagai cross-selling. Hasil pengujian aturan asosiasi menggunakan lift ratio pada bulan Maret sampai September 2022 dengan minimum support 2% dan minimum confidence 5% berdasarkan menu transaksi didapatkan sebanyak 158 aturan asosiasi yang valid (kuat). Dari hasil aturan asosiasi yang valid (kuat) tersebut dapat digunakan pihak manajemen kafe sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam menyusun strategi penjualan. Abstract. In running a cafe business, a sales strategy is needed in order to attract customers. Sales strategies that can be carried out include making menu packages and cross-selling (offering additional or complementary products to customers). Sakuyan Side is one of the cafes in Palangka Raya City, Central Kalimantan, which has quite a lot of sales transaction data every day, but unfortunately, it is only used as a financial report. In fact, by using the Apriori data mining algorithm, the sales transaction data can be analyzed and processed to obtain a sales pattern based on the sales transaction menu. From the results of this sales pattern, it can be used as material for consideration in developing a sales strategy, namely recommendations for making menu packages and recommendations for additional product offerings or commonly referred to as cross-selling. The results of testing the association rules using a lift ratio from March to September 2022 with a minimum support of 2% and a minimum confidence of 5% were 158 valid (strong) association rules. From the results of valid (strong) association rules, the cafe management can use it as a consideration in developing a sales strategy.
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