Relevant bibliographies by topics / SELLING PATTERN

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'SELLING PATTERN'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "SELLING PATTERN"

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Nurmawaddah, Nurmawaddah, Muliadi Muliadi, and Zelfia Zelfia. "Patterns Of Cultural Communication In Selling Activities In The Limbung Traditional Market, Gowa Regency." RESPON JURNAL ILMIAH MAHASISWA ILMU KOMUNIKASI 3, no. 1 (September 29, 2022): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33096/respon.v3i1.133.

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This research started from the finding of communication phenomena in traditional markets. In the traditional market the process of buying and selling transactions with interpersonal communication (face to face) between the seller and the buyer. Bargaining in buying and selling in traditional markets is common in the process of transactions (payments) or even without transactions because there is no agreement between the seller and the buyer. The process of buying and selling transactions begins with greetings, the process of bargaining until the transaction is colored by conversations between the seller and the buyer that even leaves the main topic. The process in these stages forms a communication pattern. The formulation of the problem to be answered in this study is how the pattern of communication between sellers and buyers in buying and selling transactions in traditional markets is. This study examines the communication patterns of sellers and buyers in the transaction process in traditional markets. The focus in this research is the communication component in buying and selling transactions in traditional markets. Using the ethnographic method of communication, with participant observation and in-depth interviews with five seller informants and five buyer informants who were selected using a purposive sampling technique with predetermined criteria. The results of this study indicate that sellers and buyers in transactions use dyadic communication patterns, there is a symbolic interactionism model communication process between the seller and the buyer, the unique communication component is found in verbal (language) and non-verbal messages (clothing, touch, body language) and effects and context of communication. The effect of communication in the process of buying and selling transactions that can give birth to intimacy between the seller and the buyer. The context of communication is not only about the topic of buying and selling transactions, but also about other topics such as personal gossip, economics, education, religion, culture, social and even politics. This research requires further research with a different paradigm so that it can be further developed in an ethnographic communication research.
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Analia, Devi, Syofyan Fairuzi, Faidil Tanjung, and Ramita Sari Pimura. "DESKRIPSI POLA SALURAN TATANIAGA PALA (Myristica fraggan haitt) DI KENAGARIAN TANJUNG SANI KECAMATAN TANJUNG RAYA KABUPATEN AGAM." Jurnal AGRISEP 3, no. 2 (December 15, 2015): 227–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jagrisep.14.2.227-236.

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The research purpose is to describe nutmeg’s marketing channel pattern and to identity of marketing instutional function that involves in marketing channel. This research was conducted in Juli – Augustus 2015. Location was chosen purposively with a reason that this district has the largest production in West Sumatra. The research method used is survey and descriptive analysis. The survey is doing by following marketing channel pattern that happen and observation activity that doing by farmer as producers to middlemen or finar consumers. The result shows that there are 2 patter of marketing channel in location. First pattern marketing channel : farmers – man in village. Second patter marketing channel : farmers – whole saler. Their activity according to marketing function consist of exhange function(selling and buying), phisic function (transportation, saving, sortation) and fasility (finance, market information, risk management). As important comodity that have contribute to gaverment, this comodity need goverment support to increase selling value and production. By the support it will imcrease farmers revenue. Keyword : nutmeg, markleting channel, whole seller, man invillage and marketingfunction
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Saptadi, Singgih, Ary Arvianto, Wiwik Budiawan Dhima, and Wachid Nur Saputra. "PRODUCT CLUSTERING IN THE MSME BUSINESS OF GROCERY STORE." International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Review 03, no. 06 (2022): 43–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52267/ijaser.2022.3604.

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The business world is an exciting world to follow due to its dynamic and competitiveness. Sri Wahyuni Grocery is one of the MSMEs involved in buying and selling daily-basis needs. The business can manage an average of 115 transactions in a day, including various transactions for necessities. Most products purchased at this grocery shop are daily basic needs, such as sugar, tea, instant food, snacks, and fuel oil. It is known that from observations, some products are less desirable by buyers so they are not selling well and some products are selling well, so it is necessary to do a product grouping process to find out how to group these products. An analysis of existing data is needed to obtain information with the K-Means Clustering algorithm. This research aims to determine the pattern of transaction data owned by Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs and form a Clustering pattern of products offered by Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs. Through the data exploration process, this research will carry out a pattern search from transaction data and clustering patterns owned by Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs. Based on the findings from the research conducted, business actors will be able to develop various strategies to improve services to sales by relying on the use of various data mining algorithms. The research was conducted on Traditional Grocery Store MSMEs with transaction data for two months, and the research carried out data exploration to determine clustering patterns using the CRISP-DM method.
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Nasrul, Sapruddin, and Fadliah Mubakkirah. "TINJAUAN HUKUM EKONOMI ISLAM PADA POLA JUAL BELI JAGUNG KUNING (STUDI KASUS DESA MALALA KABUPATEN TOLI-TOLI)." Tadayun: Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah 1, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 139–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24239/tadayun.v1i2.6.

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Malala Village is an area in Dondo sub-district, Tolitoli district, where some of the people earn income from farming. One of them is Corn. The results of the corn farming activity are then traded through collectors. In this corn trading system there is a difference in the bargaining position of each farmer, namely farmers who receive seed capital assistance from collectors get a lower bargaining position, in exchange they get groceries from collectors according to the agreement at the beginning of the agreement, while farmers without seed assistance from collectors get a normal bargaining position. Farmers who get a low bargaining position feel disadvantaged, but they continue to do so because they do not have seed capital. This buying and selling system has become a habit of the local community. According to researchers, the pattern of buying and selling corn in Malala Village is not in accordance with the true teachings of Islam. Even though there is a mutualism symbiosis here, there are still parties who feel disadvantaged. The pattern of buying and selling yellow maize in Malala Village is not in accordance with several principles of sharia economic law. Because the conditions in the cooperation agreement contract are not fulfilled and have the principle of honesty and state their claim to the principles of a taradin minkum and la tazhlimuna wa la tuzhlamun on the aspects of buying and selling patterns between farmers and collectors.
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Saliki, Saliki, Triyatni Martosenjoyo, and Afifah Harisah. "Pemanfaatan Ruang Kios dan Los Pasar Studi Kasus Pasar Wamanggu Merauke." Jurnal Penelitian Enjiniring 23, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.25042/jpe.112019.10.

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Trader Behavior Study of Space Utilization Kios/Los Market Case Study of the Wamanggu Market in Merauke. The problem of this study is the behavior of the spatial utilization of aisles in the Wamanggu Market in Merauke that the space of selling used cannot accommodate traders' activities in selling in arranging merchandise in the stalls and in serving buyers the circulation space of traders in serving buyers is narrow. Therefore, the traders choose to use an aisle which is considered to be more fulfilling the activities of traders in selling. The purpose of this research is to obtain the description of the behavior patterns of stall traders in conducting trade activity, the spatial utilization pattern of the stall was conducted by traders for selling, know the dimensions and arrangement of furniture used by traders and the arrangement of furniture is used the spatial utilization of stalls so that can affect to trade activities space. This research used a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach and purposive sampling technique with the informants consisting of 10 spice traders, 5 vegetable and fruit stalls traders, and 6 in clothing stalls traders, while the object of research is the space of traders stalls, and research subjects are the stall traders. The research location is in the Wamanggu Market in Merauke, Merauke Regency with a research period of 5 months. The results obtained that the behavior patterns tend to be familiar with the seller and buyer, such as greeted, chatter, and gathered. Spatial utilization behaviour tends to use the aisles to selling by arranging all merchandise and part of the area of the aisle. The ideal size of the selling space in the spice stalls, vegetable stalls, and fruit stalls are 250 cm x 300 cm with the type of furniture Case Fixture or open shelves with a size of 250 cm x 150 cm x 100 cm and and circulation patterns of the L shape on the kitchen herbs and patterns Linear form circulation in vegetable stalls, fruit booths with a size of circulation area of 50 cm-100 cm and in the clothing stall is influenced by the number of openings namely: 1 opening with U and Grid patterns, 2 openings with L and Grid patterns, 3 openings with Linear and Grid pattern and ideal space of 350 cm x 400 cm so that the circulation area of 45.7 cm-61 cm is obtained and on the hallway as the orientation of the aisles has an ideal width of 400 cm
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Analia, Devi, Faidil Tanjung, Syofyan Fairuzi, and Ramita S. Pimura. "Pola Saluran Tataniaga Pola di Kenagarian Tanjung Sani Kecamatan Tanjung Raya Kabupaten Agam." MIMBAR, Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan 32, no. 1 (June 25, 2016): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v32i1.1732.

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The research purpose is to describe nutmeg’s marketing channel pattern and to identify the marketing instutional function involves in marketing channel. The used method is survey and descriptive analysis. The survey is conducted by following the marketing channel pattern and the observation activity that is do by farmer as producers to middlemen or finar consumers. The result shows that 2 pattern of marketing channel are applied in location. First pattern marketing channel is farmers – man in village second patter marketing channel is farmers – whole saler. Their activity, according to marketing function consists of exhange function(selling and buying), phisic function (transportation, saving, sortation) and fasility (finance, market information, risk management).
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Bai, Min, Xiao-Ming Li, and Yafeng Qin. "Short-selling constraints and stock-valuation pattern: a regime–event analysis." Applied Economics 48, no. 56 (May 3, 2016): 5462–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1178848.

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S.Pd., M.Pd., Tamrin. "BENTUK TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DALAM INTERAKSI JUAL BELI DI PASAR TRADISIONAL KOTA PALU." Multilingual 19, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/multilingual.v19i1.139.

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Abstract A speaker can influence the speech partner to do what is meant by the speaker. By raising the case of directive speech acts in the interaction of buying and selling in ManondaInpres Market, Palu city,the research aimed to describe the pattern and function of directive speech acts in interactions between sellers and buyers in InpresManonda Traditional Markets Palu City. The method used is a pragmatic approach with observation, recording, note taking and recording techniques, then analyzed based on the pattern of speech acts and functions. The findings based on the data analysisindicate that the form of directive speech acts in the interaction of buying and selling in InpresManonda Traditional Market, Palu City, namely inviting, ordering, banning, advising, giving advice, and asking. The directive speech acts function in buying and selling interactions in InpresManonda Market, Palu City, namely inviting, instructing, prohibiting, and asking.
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Mulawarman, Aji Dedi, M. Fadhir A. I. Lamase, Novrida Qudsi Lutfillah, Febrina Nur Ramadhani, and Meryana Rizky Ananda. "Pendampingan Penentuan Harga Jual Buku di Penerbit Peneleh." Jurnal Abdimas Multidisiplin 1, no. 1 (October 5, 2022): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35912/jamu.v1i1.1437.

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Abstract: Purpose: to overcome problems related to determining the selling price of books appropriately by considering material and non-material aspects. Method: This assistance was carried out at Peneleh Publishers using the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method. Data were collected through observation, Focus Group Discussion, interviews, and documentation. Analysis of the success of the mentoring program can be seen through three indicators, namely knowledge, action, and evaluation. Results: The implementation of the program is carried out in three stages, namely socialization, mentoring, and review. The socialization stage of this program was carried out in 5 meetings. From the socialization stage, information was obtained regarding the problems faced by participants related to setting the selling price of books and giving discounts. The next stage is mentoring. The activities carried out at this stage are identifying material and non-material aspects in determining the selling price of books, identifying differences in the components of determining the selling price of printed books and digital books, calculating the cost of goods sold with the agreed method, determining the pattern calculation of selling prices and book discounts, as well as applying formulas with the designed system. The stage of reviewing the abilities and skills of participants is carried out to evaluate the entire program that has been carried out. Based on the review of the abilities and skills of the participants in determining the selling price of books, it can be said that the abilities and skills of the participants are good. Conclusion: The mentoring program have been achieved well. Participants of the mentoring program can understand the concept and urgency of setting selling prices on their products, be able to identify the components of costs, both material and non-material, understand the right discount calculation pattern, and be able to apply the technique of determining the right selling price for book products. published. Keywords: 1. Cost of Goods Sold 2. Participatory Action Research 3. Selling Price
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Mursalat, Aksal, Ayu Wulandary, and Fitriani R. "IDENTIFICATION OF PARTNERSHIP PATTERNS AND RICE DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS AS THE MAIN COMMODITY IN SIDENRENG RAPPANG DISTRICT." Agricultural Social Economic Journal 20, no. 4 (October 30, 2020): 285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2020.20.4.3.

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Sidenreng Rappang Regency is one of the rice providers in South Sulawesi Province in supporting food self-sufficiency in Indonesia. However, there are several problems faced by farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency, namely farmers have not been able to optimize their production results due to limited information in determining selling prices, while through a partnership pattern it makes it easier for farmers to obtain information about marketing and other problems, namely the length of distribution channels experienced by farmers. causing the selling price of rice to be classified as very low. The purpose of this research is to identify or study the partnership patterns and distribution channels that have been carried out by rice farmers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. This research was conducted in Sidenreng Rappang Regency which took place in May-August 2020. The method used was observation and interviews involving 10 rice farmer respondents, then the data were analyzed to determine the implementation of the partnership pattern in the form of a descriptive method and to detect the distribution pattern of rice commodities. Based on the results of the research, the partnership pattern in the rice distribution channel in Sidenreng Rappang Regency is included in the category of general trading patterns, namely by marketing unhulled grain products to rice milling companies through intermediary traders. The implementation of the rice distribution channel system begins with farmers - collectors - rice milling companies, then distributed to two business actors, namely large companies and retailers to the final level to consumers.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "SELLING PATTERN"

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Sandberg, Markus, and Tellström Monica Brohede. "Vinkultur som finkultur : Det kulturella och ekonomiska kapitalet, samt globaliseringens effekter på dryckesmönstret i Sverige." Thesis, Södertörn University College, School of Social Sciences, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-3383.

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Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka vilken eller vilka faktorer som påverkar alkoholförsäljningens fördelning mellan olika alkoholvarugrupper och vilken av faktorerna som är mest betydelsefull, samt om det skett någon förändring av dessa faktorers påverkan mellan åren 1998 och 2007. Detta har skett genom regressionsanalyser där vi har använt oss av statistik om Sveriges kommuner och använt dessa som analysenheter. Vi har valt att analysera resultaten med hjälp av Pierre Bourdieus begrepp ekonomiskt och kulturellt kapital, samt Anthony Giddens teori om globaliseringen och världsstäder. Vi har använt oss av medianinkomst som indikator på ekonomiskt kapital. För kulturellt kapital har vi använt utbildningsnivå som indikator och för världsstäderna som globaliseringens nav, har vi undersökt närheten till världsstäderna Stockholm och Köpenhamn. Vår undersökning visar att andelen sålt vin ökar och andelen såld sprit minskar, ju högre utbildningsnivån i kommunen är. Vi fann även att sambandet mellan andelen sålt vin och sprit i förhållande till utbildningsnivån minskade mellan åren 1998 och 2007. Vidare kunde vi även finna att kommuner som ligger nära världsstäderna Stockholm och Köpenhamn, har högre andel vinkonsumtion. Detta visar att på att globaliseringen påverkar dryckesmönstren och även denna faktor hade större betydelse 1998 än 2007. Vi fann också att kommunernas medianinkomst påverkar vilken alkoholtyp som det säljs mest av i kommunen, men när vi jämförde den med andra faktorer förlorade den sin betydelse.Nyckelord: Sociologi, dryckesmönster, alkoholförsäljning, kulturellt kapital, ekonomiskt kapital, globalisering


The aim of this study is to examine which variable or variables that affect the division of alcoholic beverage selling in different types of alcoholic beverage, which variable that is the most important and if there have been any changes during the time between 1998 and 2007. We used regression analysis of statistics and used the Swedish municipalities as units. Furthermore we used Pierre Bourdieu’s concepts economic capital and cultural capital to analyse our data. We also used Anthony Gidden’s theory about the globalization and global cities. We used median income as an indicator for economic capital and level of education as an indicator for cultural capital. We also viewed how close the municipalities are located to Stockholm and Copenhagen as indicators for the importance of global cities. Our study shows that the proportion of sold wine increases and the proportion of sold spirits decreases the higher the mean education level in the municipalities is. The connection between the alcoholic beverage types and education level were stronger 1998 than 2007. We can also see a connection between how close to the global cites Stockholm and Copenhagen the municipalities are located. The wine selling is higher in the municipalities that are located close to the global cities than other municipalities. This shows the importance of the globalization as a factor that affects the alcoholic beverage selling. We also discovered a connection between median income and which alcoholic beverage type that is the most popular in a municipality. The importance of median income disappeared when we compared it to other variables.Keywords: Sociology, drinking pattern, alcoholic beverage selling, cultural capital, economic capital, globalization


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Gliori, Gabriel. "Under vilka omständigheter förekommer försäljning av cannabis? : En fältstudie i Stockholm." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-301665.

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Cannabis är den vanligaste illegala drogen i Sverige, och dess konsumtion är ständigt växande. De senaste årens massiva ökning av dödsskjutningar tros vara ett resultat av konflikter mellan kriminella nätverk i fråga om just cannabisförsäljning. För att ta itu med dessa problem måste vi först lära oss mer om de platser där hantering av cannabis sker, i synnerhet försäljning. Den här studien ämnar ge en inblick i hur de här platserna ser ut, vad som kännetecknar dem, och varför just dessa blir utvalda för drogrelaterade aktiviteter, med målet att formulera förslag på hur de kan utformas så att försäljningen av cannabis förebyggs. Studien utfördes genom fältarbete och tillämpandet av ett särskilt fältprotokoll där variabler avsedda att beskriva förhållanden i miljön bedömdes. Dataunderlaget kom från polisens register över arresteringar för misstanke om överlåtelse av cannabis under åren 2019–2020. Vad som kan sägas är att en typisk plats låg i ett bostadsområde med flervåningshus, avskild från stora folkmassor och trafik, öppen med god sikt, och med god tillgänglighet. De erhållna resultaten analyserades sedan i relation till kriminologiska teorier, i syfte att skapa en större förståelse om varför brotten inträffar just där. För att kunna förhindra cannabishandeln på dessa platser har lösningsförslag baserade på principer i CPTED-strategin framförts. Dessa gäller bland annat ökad övervakning från byggnader runtomkring samt att ta upp kampen om det sociala rummet genom att skapa en känsla av ökad territorialitet på platserna. Rapporten avslutas med en utvärdering av den nyttjade metoden samt en diskussion om komplexiteten i att lösa problemen enkom genom åtgärder i stadsmiljön, då det finns en rad andra faktorer som spelar in. Det vi samhällsplanerare kan erbjuda är lösningsalternativ som må stävja brottsligheten, men i slutändan är det individer som väljer att begå dessa kriminella handlingar.
Cannabis is the most common illegal drug in Sweden, and its consumption is constantly increasing. The massive rise in fatal shootings in recent years is believed to be a result of conflicts between criminal networks regarding cannabis sales. To address these issues, we must first learn more about the places in which cannabis occurs, particularly dealing. This study aims to provide an insight into what these places look like, what characterizes them, and why these are selected for drug-related activities, with the aim of offering suggestions on how they could be designed to prevent the dealing of cannabis. The study was carried out through fieldwork and the utilization of a special fieldwork protocol in which variables intended to describe conditions in the environment were assessed. The data came from police records of arrests for suspicions of selling cannabis during the years 2019– 2020. What can be said is that a typical place was in a residential area with multi-storey buildings, separated from large crowds and traffic, open with good visibility, and with good accessibility. The results obtained were then analyzed in relation to criminological theories, to create a greater understanding of why the crimes occur right there. In order to prevent the cannabis dealing in these places, proposed solutions have been put forward based on principles in the CPTED strategy. These include increased surveillance from surrounding buildings and taking up the fight about the social space by creating a sense of increased territoriality in the places. The report ends with an evaluation of the method used and a discussion about the complexity of solving the problems solely through measures in the urban environment, as there are a number of other factors that come into play. What we urban planners can offer are alternative solutions that may curb crime, but in the end, it is individuals who decide to commit these criminal acts.
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TYAGI, HARSHA. "RESEARCH ON BUYING AND SELLING PATTERN OF PRE-OWNED CARS IN INDIA." Thesis, 2022. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/19188.

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“Consumer behavior study is quite a challenging task. If a company wants to survive, it should be able to compete well by understanding the consumer mindset. Used Car Market is a key growth indicator in develop countries while it is a emerging automobile segment in the developing markets like India. Generally, this market is observed w.r.t new car. A ratio between Used Car sales & New Car sales provides the market size & opportunity for growth.” “Indian economy has witnessed consistent GDP growth in last 2 decades which increased the new car sale and total car park. Frequent launching on new models by all the OEMs and entry of new OEMs in India has increased the used car sales and right now used car sales is 1.3 times of new car sales.” “Although market is 1.3 times of new car but still there is a huge gap between demand & supply of used cars. A famous theory given by an American economist Mr. George Akerlof is used to describe the problem of Demand & Supply gap issue in Indian used car market. This theory stated that the quality of goods traded in a market can degrade in the presence of information asymmetry between buyers and sellers, In last market left with bad quality products and then no buyer to purchase these lemons.” “Each market is shifting from only Brick & Mortar platform to digital platform, presence of many online websites like Cars24, Cardekho etc. are creating a big challenge for offline players in India as well. Market is divided among organized, semi-organized, unorganized and customer to customer sale. Earlier unorganized players very dominating in the market now organized players has increased their foothold.” “The main purpose of this research is to understand consumers of used car market. Focus area was to understand the impact of factors linked with Brand, Price, Quality & Aesthetic on consumers' decision making while buying a used car. Also, it has been explained why there is gap between demand & supply in used car market and what’s the role of opinion leader in used car market.” “The project was started with literature review and gap identification. It was found that Brand, Price & Quality are representing very limited interest of the customer. On the other hand, there are no of factors which are linked to these categories. Further, most of the decision-making 9 | P a g e sub-factors related to these 4 main categories were identified. Secondary data with results was extracted from other report & researches. To collect primary data a questionnaire was designed, floated and it was filled by participants. 28 responses were received from participants which was analyzed. The findings show that there is a positive relationship between Brand, Price & Quality of used car on consumer buying behavior while the Aesthetic criteria doesn’t impact the behavior. There were 4 hypotheses out of which 3 stands rejected and 1 stands not rejected. Brand is combination of brand of the product and outlet brand both. Price factor involves price of the car, insurance cost, maintenance cost, fuel cost and finance options. Quality is dependent upon mileage, car condition, no of owners, age etc. While aesthetic looks like color are not impacting the decision.” “Consumers are trying to shop at online as well as offline stores, but they are happy to sell the cars online but wants to buy only offline. It is evident from the study that both the platform will co-exist. Online platforms are very good in lead generation while offline stores give confidence to the actual buyer as well as seller.” “Role of opinion leader is very much recognized in every decision making of a customer. There is a rise in demand of field expert in used car space who can guide the buyers and fill the void of limited knowledge, but maximum people are still relying upon their known’s feedback.
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"A study of frequent pattern and association rule mining: with applications in inventory update and marketing." 2004. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5891887.

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Wong, Chi-Wing.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 149-153).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgement --- p.iv
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- MPIS --- p.3
Chapter 1.2 --- ISM --- p.5
Chapter 1.3 --- MPIS and ISM --- p.5
Chapter 1.4 --- Thesis Organization --- p.6
Chapter 2 --- MPIS --- p.7
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.7
Chapter 2.2 --- Related Work --- p.10
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Item Selection Related Work --- p.11
Chapter 2.3 --- Problem Definition --- p.22
Chapter 2.3.1 --- NP-hardness --- p.25
Chapter 2.4 --- Cross Selling Effect by Association Rules --- p.28
Chapter 2.5 --- Quadratic Programming Method --- p.32
Chapter 2.6 --- Algorithm MPIS_Alg --- p.41
Chapter 2.6.1 --- Overall Framework --- p.43
Chapter 2.6.2 --- Enhancement Step --- p.47
Chapter 2.6.3 --- Implementation Details --- p.48
Chapter 2.7 --- Genetic Algorithm --- p.60
Chapter 2.7.1 --- Crossover --- p.62
Chapter 2.7.2 --- Mutation --- p.64
Chapter 2.8 --- Performance Analysis --- p.64
Chapter 2.8.1 --- Preparation Phase --- p.65
Chapter 2.8.2 --- Main Phase --- p.69
Chapter 2.9 --- Experimental Result --- p.77
Chapter 2.9.1 --- Tools for Quadratic Programming --- p.77
Chapter 2.9.2 --- Partition Matrix Technique --- p.78
Chapter 2.9.3 --- Data Sets --- p.81
Chapter 2.9.4 --- Empirical Study for GA --- p.84
Chapter 2.9.5 --- Experimental Results --- p.92
Chapter 2.9.6 --- Scalability --- p.102
Chapter 2.10 --- Conclusion --- p.106
Chapter 3 --- ISM --- p.107
Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.107
Chapter 3.2 --- Related Work --- p.108
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Network Model --- p.108
Chapter 3.3 --- Problem Definition --- p.112
Chapter 3.4 --- Association Based Cross-Selling Effect --- p.117
Chapter 3.5 --- Quadratic Programming --- p.118
Chapter 3.5.1 --- Quadratic Form --- p.119
Chapter 3.5.2 --- Algorithm --- p.128
Chapter 3.5.3 --- Example --- p.129
Chapter 3.6 --- Hill-Climbing Approach --- p.134
Chapter 3.6.1 --- Efficient Calculation of Formula of Profit Gain --- p.134
Chapter 3.6.2 --- FP-tree Implementation --- p.135
Chapter 3.7 --- Empirical Study --- p.136
Chapter 3.7.1 --- Data Set --- p.137
Chapter 3.7.2 --- Experimental Results --- p.138
Chapter 3.8 --- Conclusion --- p.141
Chapter 4 --- Conclusion --- p.147
Bibliography --- p.153
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Hou, Hsiao-Chi, and 侯曉琪. "The impact of selling techniques in infomercial on communication effect : moderating effect of product classification and spokesperson''s pattern." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78003527994779195384.

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碩士
東吳大學
國際貿易學系
92
Infomercial is different from traditional TV commercial in many ways and considered to show much better techniques communication effect. From past researches the selling techniques of infomercial made audience all kinds of responses. Therefore selling techniques in infomercial was divided into two kinds, the hard one motive audience to dial shopping line for getting all kinds of benefits; the soft one performs no urgency for audience in this study. And moderating variables, i.e. spokesperson characteristic and product classification were operated to examine the impact on communication effect. The study was designed by 2*2 factors experiment. The first moderating variable was product classification, the second was spokesman characteristic.439 students from Soochow University were tested and 400 valid questionnaires were collected. Research results are as follows: Firstly, the communication effect of infomercial with hard selling technique is better than the soft one. Second, with utilitarian product appeared in the infomercial, the communication effect with soft selling techniques is better than the hard one. Third, there is no moderating effect when spokesman characteristic variable was put into the model. Managerial implications and further research suggestions were proposed to make better marketing and advertising decision.
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Wang, Rei-Tong, and 王瑞東. "Applying a charting pattern recognition system to construct the rule of buying and selling on Taiwan Stock Exchange Market." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88731754221791710600.

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碩士
國立臺中技術學院
資訊科技與應用研究所
96
The method we used in this study is often applied in data mining and in pattern recognition, we use a spreadsheet as the tool to implement a recognizer for bull flag technical analysis, using this recognizer to find the purchasing opportunities and to discover trading rules on Taiwan stock exchange market. We adopt a 10*10 bull flag template which is presented by W. Leigh et al. as the pattern for purchasing opportunities. The experiment data is collected from Taiwan Stock Exchange market from 1990 to 2007. We combine every trading day with other d foregoing trading day data to form a trading window with d+1 width, then match the trading window with the template to obtain the fit value. The higher fit value indicates that the trading window is the more alike the bull flag template. It could be the purchasing opportunities. We use 20-day, 40-day, 60-day, 80-day,100-day, 120-day as a trading window size and buy and sell it after 5 days, 20 days, 60 days, 120 days, 240 days. Calculate the average profit percentages for those purchasing days and compare them with overall market average return for all of the trading day. The empirical results indicate that the profit of the purchasing opportunities we found is significantly better than market average return by buying every day.
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Ni, Cih-Ying, and 倪慈霙. "The impact of short selling and margin trading on intraday pattern of bid-ask spreads : Evidence from the Taiwan Stock Exchange." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14157622811099063618.

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碩士
國立中正大學
財務金融研究所
100
Previous studies suggest that the bid-ask spreads varies during a trading day following a U-shaped pattern. One explanation for this observation is that it is the result of changes in information asymmetry costs, which are caused by the informed traders over the trading hours, assuming the other costs are fixed. Other literature report that a short seller is able to take advantage of private information by trading shares before negative information reaches the public. Similar arguments apply to margin purchasers. In this study, the intraday pattern of short selling, margin trading activities and bid-ask spreads is investigated. Our empirical results strongly affirm that the intraday patterns of bid-ask spreads, short-sales and margin-trades exhibit a U- or a reversed J-shaped patterns in the TWSE. In light of the adverse information component in the spread increases with informed trades, we find that the adverse information costs are significantly positively related to short sales and margin purchases. The bid-ask spreads are found to be positively affected by short selling and margin trading activities through the adverse information component in the bid-ask spreads.
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Books on the topic "SELLING PATTERN"

1

Publish your patterns!: How to write, print, and market your designs. Carmel, CA: Make It Easy Sewing & Crafts, 2001.

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Best-selling bazaar patchwork. Birmingham, Ala: Oxmoor House, 1992.

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Babb, E. M. Farmers' buying and selling patterns: Implications for cooperatives. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1988.

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Babb, E. M. Farmers' buying and selling patterns: Implications for cooperatives. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1988.

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Babb, E. M. Farmers' buying and selling patterns: Implications for cooperatives. Washington, D.C: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Agricultural Cooperative Service, 1988.

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The essential quilter: Project book ; 20 projects from the author of the best-selling The essential quilter. Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles, 1997.

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Marketing, LMT, ed. Buying and selling patterns of European companies: Market study report. Paris: Eurédit, 1995.

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Wilcox, Vince. Vince Wilcox's naturally artificial signature flies: Learn to tie the best-selling, most effective patterns. Guilford, Conn: Lyons Press, 2012.

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Buerba, Marta. Objetos en crochet. Buenos Aires: Longseller, 2003.

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Isański, Jakub, and Piotr Luczys. Selling one's favourite piano to emigrate: Mobility patterns in central Europe at the beginning of the 21st century. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "SELLING PATTERN"

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Aneja, Sonal, and K. K. Aggarwal. "Optimal Pricing and Procurement Decisions for Items with Imperfect Quality and Fixed Shelf Life Under Selling Price Dependent and Power Time Pattern Demand." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 907–23. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8542-5_80.

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Schachtner, Christina. "The Net Generation’s Stories: A Typology." In The Narrative Subject, 125–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51189-0_4.

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Abstract In this chapter, the empirical data are presented as a typology of narratives in which experiences and activities in virtual space and the real world are interwoven, along with ideas and wishes for the future, what has happened in the past, and what is happening in the present. They run like a subterranean web through the narrators’ lives, initiating patterns of thinking and doing which revolve around a specific focus. The following types of narrations were identified: stories about interconnectedness, self-staging, supplying and selling, managing boundaries, and transformation, as well as setting out and breaking away.
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Kamley, Sachin, Shailesh Jaloree, and R. S. Thakur. "Bombay Stock Exchange of India." In Pattern and Data Analysis in Healthcare Settings, 181–212. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0536-5.ch010.

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Stock market nature is considered to be dynamic and susceptible to quick changes because it depends on various factors like share price, fundamental variables like P/E ratio, dividend yield etc. election results, rumors etc. Now a day's prediction is an important process which determines the future worth of a company. The successful prediction brings motivation and awareness in stock community as well as economic growth of the country. In past various theories and methods like Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH), Random Walk Theory, fundamental and technical analyses have been proposed. These methods or combination of methods have not got as much success even yet because these methods are very complex and time consuming and performed well on short data. These days stock market users mostly rely on intelligent trading system which would be help them to predict share prices based on various situations and conditions. Data mining is a broad area and also supports various business intelligence techniques. It has mastery to raise various financial issues like buying/selling security, bond analysis, contract analyses etc. in this study various prediction techniques like linear regression, multiple regression, association rule mining, clustering, neural network have been proposed and their significant performances will be compared by Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) data.
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Bhaskar, Rahul, and Au Vo. "Using Pattern Recognition in Decoding Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) for Quality Assurance." In Computer Vision, 1788–801. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5204-8.ch075.

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Jack Grealish is an aspiring entrepreneur. During his undergraduate in UCLA, he worked in his father's business, which focused on selling specialized foods. He became fascinated with the food industry and find out more what it entails. His investigation has unveiled the landscape of the food industry. Furthermore, he discovered that the hazard analysis and critical control points (HACCP) system implemented in the food industry was rather disjointed and could benefit from automation. He conducted a preliminary research about current HACCP development and determine to plunge ahead. Jack ponders about the possibility of integrating different pattern recognition methodologies in HACCP processes to improve the effectiveness of overall quality control at his company.
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Keats, Jonathon. "Singularity." In Virtual Words. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195398540.003.0033.

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In the future humans will live forever. Bodies will be optional. Brains will be networked, and the whole universe will be sentient. All of this is an inevitable consequence of the singularity, the moment at which computers surpass human intelligence. And the singularity will inevitably occur by the year 2045. These are the predictions of Ray Kurzweil, one of the most successful and respected technologists alive, the father of speech- and optical-character-recognition software, fundamental advances in artificial intelligence that have tapped computers into the two primary modes of human communication: oral and written. Both breakthroughs, conduits of machine learning, were achieved by imbuing computers with basic pattern recognition, such that voices with different accents and alphabets in different typefaces could be deciphered. Key to our knowledge and understanding, pattern recognition is something that humans are very good at, and Ray Kurzweil is better than most people at recognizing patterns. Perceiving subtle connections between varied technologies, he has foreseen the victory of a computer over the world’s leading chess player as well as the proliferation of seminal technologies, including the world wide web. These are reasons that prominent figures from Bill Gates to Marvin Minsky take Kurzweil seriously. Kurzweil’s prediction of the singularity follows his pattern of pattern recognition, enlarged to the scale of all history. He claims that he first recognized it while plotting human advances from the wheel to the web, discovering a curve of technological advancement that was not linear but exponential. He dubbed this the Law of Accelerating Returns and hired a team of researchers to trace it back to the Big Bang. Then he began ploddingly to move forward in time, until he reached “a profound and disruptive transformation in human capability,” circa 2045. At that point, he writes in The Singularity Is Near, his best-selling 2005 book on the subject, “the entire universe will become saturated with our intelligence. This is the destiny of the universe.” Kurzweil was not the first to make this observation.
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"Discussion of CRD Simulation Results." In Stabilizing Currency and Preserving Economic Sovereignty Using the Grondona System, 159–70. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8302-9.ch011.

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The results of the simulations shown in Chapter 10 clearly show the consistent pattern of operation of the Grondona system, buying and selling reserves of commodities in response to changes in market prices as reliably as under a gold standard. This has a range of direct and indirect effects which are discussed in this chapter, including the reliably counter-cyclical timing of changes in the quantity of the CRD's reserves, and the parallel changes in the national money supply, the system's contribution to resisting inflationary pressures, and the effect of a CRD's reserves of a commodity falling to zero. Some remaining uncertainties about the system's operation are also discussed, notably about the foreign exchange market's likely response to the system expanding the money supply when commodity prices are falling.
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Pernau, Margrit. "Ashraf ʿAli Thanavi." In Emotions and Modernity in Colonial India, 146–70. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199497775.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 looks at the sermons of Ashraf ‘Ali Thanavi, known for the Bihishti Zewar, his best-selling advice book for female readers. At first sight, Thanavi fitted perfectly into the pattern of reading reformist Islam as a contributing force both to modernity and to the disciplining project. The ideal and the practices he encouraged seemed to aim at a constant vigilance over the movements of the soul and at a control of emotional outbursts. However, in apparent contradiction, the anecdotes surrounding Thanavi’s life point to a valuation of religious passions. His sermons very often overwhelmed his audience, leaving them shaking and crying or bringing about spiritual ecstasy— features which added to his reputation as a preacher and which he did not want to censor or prevent, though like the other reformers, he was much more comfortable with men giving in to strong feeling than with emotional women. Righteous emotions and righteous behavior, for him, were intertwined with the creation of the righteous polity.
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Khan, B. Zorina. "Selling Ideas." In Inventing Ideas, 287–316. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190936075.003.0011.

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An extensive global market in patent rights and patented inventions helped creative men and women to increase their returns from inventive activity. Prominent multinational corporations further depended on portfolios of patents to acquire and maintain their domestic and worldwide competitive advantage. Markets in ideas aided the transfer of technology across the United States, Britain, Germany, Canada, Spain, and Japan. Patterns in the sale of patents and foreign patenting were responsive to national differences in incentives, legal rules, and institutions. The results shed light on central debates in economic development, including the net benefits of tailoring patent institutions to individual circumstances, relative to adherence to harmonized international standards.
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"The Key Buying and Selling Patterns." In Trading Triads, 113–38. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119206651.ch6.

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"Short-Selling Set-Ups: Chart Patterns for the Dark Side." In Short Selling with the O'Neil Disciples, 51–73. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118971000.ch3.

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Conference papers on the topic "SELLING PATTERN"

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Fadillah, Aditya Rizky, Intan Nurma Yulita, Aditya Pradana, and Mira Suryani. "Data Mining Implementation Using Frequent Pattern Growth on Transaction Data for Determining Cross-selling and Up-selling (Case Study: Cascara Coffee)." In 2021 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Big Data Analytics (ICAIBDA). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icaibda53487.2021.9689752.

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Felix, Lucas G. S., Carlos M. Barbosa, Vinícius da F. Vieira, and Carolina Ribeiro Xavier. "A Social Network Analysis of Football with Complex Networks." In XXV Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2019.8134.

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Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and due its popularity, soccer moves billions of euros over the years, in most diverse forms, such as marketing, merchandising, TV quotas and players transfers. As example, in the 2016/2017 season, only England has moved about 1.3 billion of euros only in players transfers. In this work, it is performed a study of the transfer market of player. To do so, players transfer data were gathered from the website Transfermarkt and were modeled as a graph. In order to perform this study, different Complex Networks techniques were applied, such as Overlap Community Detection and Property Analysis. Through our results we could evaluate the soccer players market, and see a pattern that every market has at least one farm country, which has a main function of selling athletes, or a buyer country, which most of its transactions is buying players.
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Verstraeten, G., D. Van den Poel, A. Prinzie, and P. Van Kenhove. "Detecting Sequential Patterns For Cross-selling Fast Moving Consumer Goods." In DATA MINING 2002. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/data020501.

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