Dissertations / Theses: 'Self-surveillance'

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Lundkvist, Johanna, and Anna-Klara Palmér. "Theater practice and its association with body appreciation and self-surveillance among women." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-167273.

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Recently, researchers have gained an increased interest in examining activities that promote a more positive body image among women. Some activities such as yoga and dance have proven to be positively associated with body appreciation, both directly and through reduced self-surveillance. Theater practice has been shown to be beneficial for several facets of mental health; however, until now no research has been conducted on its’ association with body appreciation or self-surveillance. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between theater practice and body appreciation, controlling for BMI. The study also investigated the relationship between theater practice and self-surveillance, and if self-surveillance works as a mediator between theater practice and body appreciation. Participants of 231 women aged 18-40 years (M = 27.65, SD = 5.76) answered a questionnaire on theater practice, body appreciation and self-surveillance. Path analysis revealed that theater practice had no relation to body appreciation or self-surveillance when controlling for BMI. Self-surveillance and BMI were, however, negatively associated with body appreciation. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Den senaste tiden har forskare fått ett ökat intresse för att undersöka aktiviteter som främjar en mer positiv kroppsuppfattning hos kvinnor. En del aktiviteter såsom yoga och dans har visat sig vara positivt korrelerade med kroppsuppskattning, både direkt och genom minskad självövervakning. Teaterutövande har visat sig främja olika aspekter av mental hälsa, men hittills har ingen forskning gjorts om dess samband med kroppsuppskattning eller självövervakning. Denna studie syftade till att undersöka sambandet mellan teaterutövande och kroppsuppskattning, samt kontrollera för BMI. Studien undersökte också sambandet mellan teaterutövande och självövervakning, samt om självövervakning fungerar som en mediator mellan teaterutövande och kroppsuppskattning. Deltagare bestående av 231 kvinnor i åldrarna 18–40 år (M = 27,65, SD = 5,76) svarade på frågeformulär om teaterutövande, kroppsuppskattning och självövervakning. Stiganalys visade att teaterutövande inte hade något samband till kroppsuppskattning eller självövervakning vid kontroll av BMI. Självövervakning och BMI var emellertid negativt korrelerade med kroppsuppskattning. Teoretiska och praktiska implikationer diskuteras.

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Hubbard, Ruth. "Self beyond self/lost in practice : surveillance, appearance and posthuman possibilities for critical selfhood in children's services in England." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18821.

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The selfhood of social professionals in children’s services is under-researched, and where the primary focus is on practice ‘outcomes’. Informed by a critical social policy frame this thesis focuses on the selfhood of social professionals in children’s services to ask how it might, or might not, be possible to think, and do, self differently. I bring into play a critical posthumanist (non-sovereign) becoming self alongside, and in relation to, the other ‘allowed’ or ‘prescribed’ selves of neo-liberalism, professional practice and (critical) social policy itself. Utilising theoretical resources, in particular from Arendt, Deleuze and Guattari, and Foucault, I characterise this as thinking with both ‘surveillance’ and ‘appearance’, and self as an explicitly political project. In a post-structural frame I pursue a post-methodological rhizomatic and cartographic methodology that aims to open up proliferations in thinking and knowledge rather than foreclose it to one clear answer, and where I also draw on a small number of interviews with experienced professionals and managers in children’s services. A rhizomatic figure of thought involves irreducible and multiple relations that are imbricated on the surface; it is a flattened picture where theory, data, researcher, participants and analysis are not separate, where all connections are part of an overall picture, and in movement. I argue that social professionals occupy a deeply striated landscape for being/knowing/practising, a particular ontological grid that tethers their selfhood to the pre-existing, and to intensifications in a neo-liberal project. Here, ‘rearranging the chairs’ becomes more of the same, where the sovereign humanist subject is “a normative frame and an institutionalised practice” (Braidotti, 2013, p.30). In thinking otherwise, beyond traditional critical theory, a posthuman lens draws attention to the ways in which we might be/live both inside and outside of the already existing and where we become with others, human and non-human in shifting assemblages. However, the self prescribed and prefigured in dominant discourses constitute the historical preconditions from which experiments in self, and other possibilities may emerge. Practices of de-familiarisation, a radical, non-linear relationality, and a hermeneutics of situation are suggested as strategies for thinking forward, for appearance, and a self beyond self.

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SANTOS, LEANDRO DE PAULA. "I PUBLISH, THEREFORE I AM: NARRATIVES OF SELF AND SHARED SURVEILLANCE ON WEB 2.0." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2009. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=16461@1.

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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
Este ensaio investiga como as redes sociais popularizadas na internet nos últimos anos têm consistido em práticas de automodelagem identitária para seus usuários. Escolhendo por recorte o uso que a juventude brasileira faz do website Orkut, o estudo problematiza a categoria identidade pelo viés das narrativas autorreferenciadas. Para tanto, parte-se da hipótese de que as narrativas de si, embora esboçadas em diferentes momentos da história ocidental, ganham vulto no nascimento do período moderno, quando se estabelecem conceitos como os de individualidade e intimidade. Examinados os antecedentes desse processo, são apresentadas consequências da comunicação mediada por computador no cotidiano do indivíduo comum a partir da última década. As redes sociais são então analisadas através do apelo à performance e singularização identitária de seus usuários. A dissertação aborda como a noção de participação e exposição de si, que está na base das iniciativas de compartilhamento de conteúdo da Web 2.0, demarca tensões para as noções de público e privado, fomentando novos comportamentos sociais, valores de alteridade e práticas de vigilância distribuída no ambiente digital. Metodologicamente, o estudo se utilizou de observação participante, análise de dados e de entrevistas com jovens usuários brasileiros de redes sociais.
The essay takes a deep look into how online social networking, made popular on the internet over the last years, arouses practices of identity selfconstruction by its users. Focusing on the use of Orkut website, mostly by Brazilian teenagers and young adults, this study discusses the notion of identity through the history of self-referred narratives. In this aim, it takes the hypothesis that, although narratives of the self were outlined in different periods in Western history, they ascended in the emerging of modern times - when the ideas of individuality and intimacy appeared. After considering these prior facts, this essay presents the consequences of computer-mediated communication in everyday life during the last decade. Then, online social networking is analysed through its appeals to identity performance and customization. The research deals with how participation and exhibition – two factors which plot the platforms of Web 2.0 - set a tension between the notions of public and private, as well as encourage new social behaviours, values of alterity and shared practices of surveillance in the digital context. The research method was based on participant observation, information analysis and interviews with Brazilian young users of online social networking.

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Brax, Nicolas. "Self-adaptive multi-agent systems for aided decision-making : an application to maritime surveillance." Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2196/.

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L'activité maritime s'est fortement développée ces dernières années et sert de support à de nombreuses activités illicites. Il est devenu nécessaire que les organismes impliqués dans la surveillance maritime disposent de systèmes efficaces pour les aider à identifier ces activités illicites. Les Systèmes de Surveillance Maritime doivent observer de manière efficace un espace maritime large, à identifier des anomalies de comportement des navires évoluant dans l'espace en question, et à déclencher des alertes documentées si ces anomalies amènent à penser que les navires ont un comportement suspect. Nous proposons un modèle générique de système multi-agents, que nous appelons MAS4AT, capable de remplir deux des différents rôles d'un système de surveillance : la représentation numérique des comportements des entités surveillées et des mécanismes d'apprentissage pour une meilleure efficacité. MAS4AT est intégré au système I2C
The maritime activity has widely grow in the last few years and is the witness of several illegal activities. It has become necessary that the organizations involved in the maritime surveillance possess efficient systems to help them in their identification. The maritime surveillance systems must observe a wide maritime area, identify the anomalies in the behaviours of the monitored ships et trigger alerts when these anomalies leads to a suspicious behavior. We propose a generic agent model, called MAS4AT, able to fulfil two main roles of a surveillance system: the numerical representation of the behaviours of the monitored entities and learning mechanisms for a better efficiency. MAS4AT is integrated in the system I2C

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Palaniappan, Ravishankar. "A SELF-ORGANIZING HYBRID SENSOR SYSTEM WITH DISTRIBUTED DATA FUSION FOR INTRUDER TRACKING AND SURVEILLANCE." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2407.

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A wireless sensor network is a network of distributed nodes each equipped with its own sensors, computational resources and transceivers. These sensors are designed to be able to sense specific phenomenon over a large geographic area and communicate this information to the user. Most sensor networks are designed to be stand-alone systems that can operate without user intervention for long periods of time. While the use of wireless sensor networks have been demonstrated in various military and commercial applications, their full potential has not been realized primarily due to the lack of efficient methods to self organize and cover the entire area of interest. Techniques currently available focus solely on homogeneous wireless sensor networks either in terms of static networks or mobile networks and suffers from device specific inadequacies such as lack of coverage, power and fault tolerance. Failing nodes result in coverage loss and breakage in communication connectivity and hence there is a pressing need for a fault tolerant system to allow replacing of the failed nodes. In this dissertation, a unique hybrid sensor network is demonstrated that includes a host of mobile sensor platforms. It is shown that the coverage area of the static sensor network can be improved by self-organizing the mobile sensor platforms to allow interaction with the static sensor nodes and thereby increase the coverage area. The performance of the hybrid sensor network is analyzed for a set of N mobile sensors to determine and optimize parameters such as the position of the mobile nodes for maximum coverage of the sensing area without loss of signal between the mobile sensors, static nodes and the central control station. A novel approach to tracking dynamic targets is also presented. Unlike other tracking methods that are based on computationally complex methods, the strategy adopted in this work is based on a computationally simple but effective technique of received signal strength indicator measurements. The algorithms developed in this dissertation are based on a number of reasonable assumptions that are easily verified in a densely distributed sensor network and require simple computations that efficiently tracks the target in the sensor field. False alarm rate, probability of detection and latency are computed and compared with other published techniques. The performance analysis of the tracking system is done on an experimental testbed and also through simulation and the improvement in accuracy over other methods is demonstrated.
Ph.D.
School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
Engineering and Computer Science
Modeling and Simulation PhD

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Baker, Amanda. "Understanding the Influence of Diverse Media Content on Men’s Body Image: The Moderating Effect of Self-Determination on Male Self-Surveillance, Self-Evaluations, and Cognitive Performance." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36546.

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Grounded in self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000) and objectification theory (Fredrickson & Roberts, 1997), the purpose of this thesis was to investigate the role of dispositional autonomous and controlled motivation in predicting who might be more protected from or more vulnerable to experiencing state self-objectification (Manuscript 1), diminished cognitive functioning or cognitive performance (Manuscript 1 & 2), and poorer self-evaluations (Manuscript 2) following exposure to advertisements portraying one of two leading cultural body ideals: the male muscular ideal (Manuscript 1) or female thin ideal (Manuscript 2). The objectives were to investigate the effects of the two ideals while evaluating the contribution of autonomous and controlled motivation orientation in statistically predicting various body image consequences using five separate male undergraduate samples. Consistent with the overall hypotheses of the thesis, the muscular ideal video and thin ideal video significantly decreased men’s cognitive functioning and cognitive performance compared to men in the neutral video conditions (Manuscript 1 & 2). In addition, men who were primed with the muscular ideal video demonstrated significantly higher levels of self-objectification compared to those in the neutral condition (Manuscript 1: Study 1 and Study 2). Mediation results revealed an indirect effect of the muscular ideal video on men’s cognitive functioning (i.e., appearance schema activation) through self-objectification (Manuscript 1: Study 1), thereby supporting objectification theory as a means of explaining how portrayals of muscular body ideals affect men’s cognitive function. However, inconsistent with previous studies, the female thin ideal did not significantly affect men’s self-evaluations (Manuscript 2: Study 2). Lastly, in line with self-determination theory, all five studies (Manuscript 1 & 2) found that autonomous motivation orientation played a significant moderating role against the cognitive consequences associated with cultural body ideals among young college men. Men who viewed the muscular ideal video and who reported high levels of dispositional autonomous motivation demonstrated less appearance schema activation, less difficulty solving a challenging Soma puzzle, and performed better on the Modified Stroop task compared to men with low levels of dispositional autonomous motivation (Manuscript 1). Similarly, men who reported high levels of dispositional autonomous motivation and viewed the thin ideal also demonstrated less appearance schema activation and less difficulty solving a challenging Soma puzzle compared to men who reported low levels of dispositional autonomous motivation (Manuscript 2). In contrast, controlled motivation orientation was not a significant moderator across all five studies (Manuscript 1 & 2). Collectively, our findings highlight the importance of incorporating autonomous motivation orientation and self-objectification into theoretical models of men’s body image.

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Shanahan, Rebecca Kemball. "Performing and Documenting Post-Internet: Feminist Needlecraft and a Poetics of Surveilling." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/18968.

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My doctoral research practice consists primarily of gallery-based needlecraft performances and moving image works made from the performances’ documentation. I have mended clothes belonging to community members, unravelled and reknitted yarn into new garments, and sewed labels onto the clothes of gallery visitors. These performances have been recorded using security and action cameras and the resulting stills and footage edited into new video works. My overarching argument is that, given that one of art’s dominant contexts is that of capitalism, in which ideas and objects may be defined in relation to their role as luxury commodities, one more ethically-tuned approach to artmaking is to turn away from the art market and adopt a feminist critique of contemporary culture that recognises women’s unpaid labour. Following the Conceptual principle of dematerialisation, I have oriented my practice away from commodity production and opened it to temporal performative practices, claiming feminist purpose in my use of needlecraft as a gendered performance medium. My performance practice of ‘total giving’ is a metaphor for the invisible ‘iceberg economy’ of women’s unpaid labour that props up and enables capitalism. A further argument is that since our everyday relationship with photography has changed in the last few years due to the saturation of mobile phones and surveilling cameras, contemporary lens-based practice needs to reflect new conditions of presentness, performativity and operator-less affect. These conditions have changed our understanding of the medium and our way of being in the world. My use of selfsurveillance and screens during performances models our conscious performance of identity in a condition of perpetual present-ness, the centrality of performance documents to contemporary life, and the possibility of experiencing affect from surveilling camera footage with its qualities of displacement and objectivity. There are thus multiple differing registers and histories to this work: the gendered nature of textiles and its feminist roles; art’s sticky relationship with capitalism; the ongoing feminist project to achieve equity and agency under capitalism both in and out of the art world; how camera phones and the internet have made us performers in a perpetual present; finally, how the ‘cool’ gaze of a surveilling lens might paradoxically invoke emotional responses in viewers. These differing strands have emerged as I have sought to analyse how my work might meaningfully and poetically contribute to contemporary life and culture, and advocate ideas I believe important for any culture’s healthy progression. A further dimension to this work is the emotional apprehension of transience, which has long been core to my photographic work and now extends to my performative and textile work. The Japanese concepts mu, ma, mujo and mono no aware are important. Mu and ma speak to consciousness of absence and transience; emptiness that is full of possibility; space or interval that is profound. Mujo speaks to the understanding that everything that is born must die, and mono no aware means consciously to attend to, and/or to take poignant, mournful pleasure in, impermanence. My work is also informed by the cinema term temps mort. Translating from the French as ‘dead time’, temps mort refers to the cinematic time before or after action takes place, characters enter the frame or narrative progresses. My final installation plan is to merge live performance with material relics of previous performances and video works created from surveillance documentation of previous performances. In doing so I aim to create spatial and temporal proximity between performed activities and their material residues and documentation, presenting both as interdependent, integrated artworks.

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Samples, Agnes Mary Banks. "Validity of Self-Reported Data on Seat Belt Use: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0315104-172201/unrestricted/SamplesA032604f.pdf.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0315104-172201. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.

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Ip, Wai Ho. "Am I being watched on the internet?: examining user perceptions of privacy, stress and self-monitoring under online surveillance." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/26.

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Modes of communication in modern society have become instant and frequent. Internet users usually post ongoing activities and check their friends’ statuses with texts and photos in social networking sites. During information seeking and sharing processes, they enable peer-to-peer surveillance on the Internet. The present research adopts Foucault’s (1977) Panopticon as a metaphor to investigate this new advent of online surveillance. Surveillance from unknown people on the Internet may not always exist, but the perception of being surveilled could be embedded in the users’ mind. This kind of suspicion may generate some surveillance effects such as low self-esteem and communication discouragement, namely panoptic effects without the presence of actual surveillance (Botan, 1996). This study focuses on the negative panoptic effects to Internet users, leading to three hypotheses related to privacy infringement, Internet stress and self-monitoring. An online survey was conducted with 325 respondents aged from 18 to 29. Regression analyses were used to investigate the explanatory power of one’s perception of being surveilled on the outcome variables. The results showed that the respondents with higher level of perceived online surveillance report higher sense of privacy infringement, more situational stress and higher desire of self-monitoring in their online disclosure. With awareness of being surveilled, the respondents realize the information they share online may be exposed to anonymous observers and be prone to storage and dissemination, resulting in privacy infringement. Since online information could be exposed and misused, the respondents feel stressful to share their views and emotions online. They may conduct self-censorship on their online disclosure so as to acquire credits from other Internet users and avoid punishment for improper manner. Implications of these findings are discussed in detail.

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Dodds, Christopher, and chris@iconinc com au. "Avatars and the Invisible Omniscience: The panoptical model within virtual worlds." RMIT University. Creative Media, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080424.100301.

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This Exegesis and accompanying artworks are the culmination of research conducted into the existence of surveillance in virtual worlds. A panoptical model has been used, and its premise tested through the extension into these communal spaces. Issues such as data security, personal and corporate privacy have been investigated, as has the use of art as a propositional mode. This Exegesis contains existing and new theoretical arguments and observations that have aided the development of research outcomes; a discussion of action research as a methodology; and questionnaire outcomes assisting in understanding player perceptions and concerns. A series of artworks were completed during the research to aid in understanding the nature of virtual surveillance; as a method to examine outcomes; and as an experiential interface for viewers of the research. The artworks investigate a series of surveillance perspectives including parental gaze, machine surveillance and self-surveillance. The outcomes include considerations into the influence surveillance has on player behaviour, security issues pertaining to the extension of corporations into virtual worlds, the acceptance of surveillance by virtual communities, and the merits of applying artworks as proposition.

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Hardin, Pamela K. "Women, bodies, and self-surveillance : recovery from anorexia : a discourse of social analysis and an analysis regarding discourse /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7366.

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O'Connor, Lise Hélène. "Surveillance and validation of self-reported sexual behaviours of secondary school students in the Kabarole District of western Uganda." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/MQ47077.pdf.

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Roca, Gina-Maria. "Through the Lens of Objectification Theory: Social Media Use and Women's Behavioral Health." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7707.

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Background: Objectification theory considers how gender and culture intersect to position women at a greater risk of developing eating disorders, depression, and sexual dysfunction. Self-objectification is defined as the internalization of a third person perspective to view one’s own body, which then leads to mental health consequences of anxiety, body shame, insensitivity to internal drives, and decreased peak motivational states. Body surveillance, the habitual and constant monitoring of the body, denotes the behavioral manifestation of self-objectification. Altogether, the accumulation of objectifying experiences and mental health consequences heighten women’s risks of developing the aforementioned mental disorders. Rationale: Extant experimental and correlational research supports objectification theory, in particular regarding eating disorders and depression. Research into the effects of social media on mental health is a relatively new frontier, thus gaps exist in the current body of literature. This study endeavored to contribute to the existing research base by employing qualitative methods to impart women’s personal descriptions of the experience of self-objectification and its proposed consequences in relation to social media use. Purpose of the Study: The purpose of the study was to explore how women’s social media consumption contributes to self-objectification, body surveillance, appearance comparison, body shame, and appearance-based self-worth. Also, the study sought to understand if women perceived themselves differently when they were not using social media platforms. Methods: Fifteen women completed the Social Media Use and Activities Questionnaire and the in-depth, semi-structured interview. The questionnaire assessed women’s active social media accounts, frequency of social media use, and social media behaviors. The interview protocol contained questions designed to extract explanations of constructs from objectification theory such as self-objectification, body surveillance, and body shame. A multilevel thematic data analysis was performed. Results: All of the individuals interviewed were heavy social media users based on the frequency of use (66.7% visit platforms several times daily), as well as the number of accounts operated (minimum of 4). Indicative of self-objectification and body surveillance, women emphasized the importance of how their physical appearance and body attributes are portrayed on social media sites. Also consistent with the definition of self-objectification, women expressed concerns about perceptions, reactions, and disapproval from others on social media regarding their physical appearance. Three additional modalities of body surveillance surfaced including: (1) using filters to enhance or modify the appearance of skin in pictures; (2) posing to accentuate facial features, hairstyles, and body attributes; and (3) women’s personal criteria regarding uploading and “tagging” of appearance-based pictures shared on social media. Findings strongly suggest women compare their physical appearances, features, and bodies to other women. Beauty ideals are determined by evaluating the number of individuals associated with other women’s social media accounts, as well as the distribution of ‘likes’ and positive comments written by people on their appearance-focused content. Five women recollected comparing their appearances and bodies to others, engaging in body surveillance, and feeling as if their own body and appearance failed to comply with beauty ideals, which then led to the experience of feeling body shame. Low self-esteem, depression, disordered eating, compulsive exercise, or bulimia nervosa were cited as reasons for deletion, temporary deactivation, or taking breaks from social media. Refraining from using social media was associated with feeling less pressured, engaging in less comparisons overall, being more mindful of the present moment, and relaxing standards for personal appearances. Conclusions: This study generated contextually rich, in-depth descriptions which illustrated women’s experiences with self-objectification, body surveillance, appearance comparisons, body shame, and appearance-based self-worth in the virtual world of social media. Based on results from this study, objectification theory is clearly applicable to women’s social media use and there is definitive need for future research to address the effects of social media consumption on mental health, particularly among younger generations. Meanwhile, primary prevention initiatives should educate people about the process of self-objectification and its associated consequences, as well as teach resistance strategies. Learning how to deconstruct media content, critically analyze others' online portrayals, and build self-esteem and self-worth may impede self-objectification and its negative mental health effects. Furthermore, public health campaigns should build upon the momentum of the body positivity movement. Known to young women as “BoPo,” this movement encourages women to see themselves as more than their bodies, inspires self-acceptance, and empowers them to be unapologetic and celebrate their body in its current form without adhering to societal beauty norms. These messages are instrumental to dismantling beauty ideals, exhibiting inclusivity of all body types, and mitigating the effects of sexual objectification of the female body.

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De, Moya Jean-François. "Essais sur l'adoption des technologies de quantification de soi : une approche critique." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019STRAB001/document.

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Cette thèse sur travaux explore l’adoption des technologies et des pratiques de quantification de soi avec un positionnement critique. Il s’agit de mieux comprendre l’expérience des utilisateurs avec les technologies de quantification de soi, telles que les bracelets connectés, et de questionner la contribution réelle de ces technologies au bien-être et à la santé des individus. Le premier essai présente une revue de la littérature systématique sur la quantification de soi et un agenda de recherche pour les chercheurs en management. Le deuxième essai est une étude qualitative qui révèle les relations de pouvoir qu’entretiennent les utilisateurs avec la technologie. Le troisième essai s’intéresse aux mécanismes sous-jacents qui guident la décision de l’utilisateur afin d’identifier les facteurs d’adoption d’une technologie de quantification de soi
This thesis by articles explores the adoption of technologies and practices of quantified-self with a critical stance. The aim is to have a better understanding of users' experiences with self-quantization technologies, such as connected bracelets, and to question the real contribution of these technologies to the well-being and health of individuals. The first essay presents a systematic literature review on quantified-self and a research agenda for business researchers. The second essay is a qualitative study that reveals the power relationships that users have with technology. The third essay focuses on the underlying mechanisms that guide the user's decision in order to identify the factors that lead to the adoption of a quantified-self technology

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Lejdström, Corinne. "SELF-CENSORSHIP MADE IN SWEDEN : En kvalitativ studie om den kinesiska diasporans utövning av självcensur på sociala medier mot bakgrunden av upplevd övervakning." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48729.

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The surveillance in China is a topic which has been the subject of extensive scientific studies. First and foremost, the digital surveillance of the population of China has been explained by a number of scholars over the years. Nevertheless, the monitoring of the Chinese diaspora is a research area that has been explained to a limited extent and where the studies of monitoring of the Chinese diaspora in Sweden are not to be found in research for the present study. The purpose of the study is thus to investigate past and present citizens’ relationship to the internet and social media linked to surveillance with the aim of clarifying how the feeling of being monitored contributes to the individual’s application of self-censorship. The method of collecting the empiricism has included six different interviews. The result showed that the Chinese diasporas feeling of being monitored contributes in some cases to self-censorship on social media. The monitoring operator consists partly of state of China, but also the Chinese diasporas community on social media is perceives as a monitoring actor. The conclusions of the study show that the Chinese diaspora largely reflects on the posts before publishing. Self- censorship was also practiced with various reasons and extent on Western and Chinese social media. Horizontal surveillance was fund on both Western and Chinese social media, while state surveillance instead perceived on western social media. A further form of self-censorship emerged where state surveillance as well as surveillance from ideological groups active in the country resulted in deletion of posts upon entry to another country and created the concept of travel censorship.

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Backe, Stefan. "Safety promotion and injury surveillance with special focus on young people´s club sports : Challenges and possibilities." Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-34429.

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Physical activity in youth has many benefits, but parallel to these benefits, sport related injuries pose considerable risks. It is important to public health to address sport related injuries, particularly those affecting young people, who comprise the majority of participants in organised sport in Sweden. The first study in this research showed that inspections of local sport environments, where injuries often occur, did not occur uniformly. Two additional studies pointed out the need for better surveillance of injuries, and described the use of ambulance attendance reports as a possible improvement to current surveillance systems, with a possibility to improve safety for youth and other sport participants. Two other studies identify risk factors that were specific to football and climbing sports, which can be used to guide targeted safety interventions for the young participants of these sports. The studies, taken as a whole, provide new information about the factors associated with sport related injuries, particularly for young people, and point out the need for better sport injury surveillance, improved inspection strategies for fields maintained by organised sport clubs in local communities, and the need to address risk factors specific to different sport activities.

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O'Donnell, Aisling Therese. "Who is watching you, and why? : a social identity analysis of surveillance." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/90698.

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The underlying theme that draws together all the chapters presented in this thesis is that surveillance, like any feature of our social world, is not imposed in a vacuum; and that information pertaining to the origin and purpose of surveillance is vital in determining how it will be perceived and evaluated (and how it will then impact on behaviour). The key aims of this thesis are, first, to demonstrate how a social identity approach can account for varying reactions to surveillance originating from different sources; second, to investigate how various contextual features exert their impact, resulting in the disparate perceptions of surveillance that exist in our society; and finally, to demonstrate how the imposition of surveillance can itself impact on the broader social context, including the relationship that is understood to exist between those watching and those being watched. These aims are broken down into ten research questions that are addressed in seven chapters. Chapter 1 reviews the literature on perceptions of surveillance and that on social identity, and attempts to illustrate how they may be theoretically combined, resulting in the advancement of both fields. In Chapter 2, we present two studies which demonstrate a negative relationship between shared identity and the perception of surveillance as an invasion of privacy. This relationship was mediated by perceptions that the purpose of surveillance was to ensure safety. In Chapter 3, two studies demonstrate how level of surveillance moderates followers’ responses to leaders with whom they either share identity, or not. Imposing high surveillance where identity was shared with a leader undermined perceptions of the leader as a team member and affected willingness to work for the group, reducing levels to that of leaders without a shared identity. Chapter 4 presents a study that aimed to investigate the role of social identity and surveillance in affecting both discretionary behaviour and task performance. High surveillance led to higher productivity on a task, but this was associated with lower quality of work. Additionally, when identity was shared with the person in charge, helping this person was detrimentally affected by high, as opposed to low, surveillance; whereas no such differences were found where identity was not shared. Chapter 5 presents two studies which showed that framing surveillance as targeting the in-group led to outcomes such as increased privacy invasion, lower acceptability of surveillance, and reduced levels of trust in the implementers of surveillance, as compared to when surveillance was framed as targeting an out-group. However, a third study failed to replicate these results. In Chapter 6, we address how level of threat in the environment can affect evaluations of surveillance. Two studies showed that high levels of threat led to surveillance being seen as less privacy-invading, more necessary, and as having a safety purpose. Finally, in Chapter 7, we review and integrate our findings, discuss the limitations of the research, and consider the implications it has, both theoretically and practically. We conclude that, overall, the findings presented in this thesis support the notion that the source of surveillance and the perceived purpose for it are integral to the perception and interpretation of the surveillance.

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Sharma, Sharad Kumar Panee Vong-ek. "Assessing the levels of and contextual influences on self-reported obstetric morbidity and related care seeking behaviour in Kanchanaburi Demographic Surveillance System Thailand /." Abstract, 2007. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2550/cd401/4737937.pdf.

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McEwen, Marylyn Morris, Rogelio Andrès Elizondo-Pereo, Alice E. Pasvogel, Irene Meester, Javier Vargas-Villarreal, and Francisco González-Salazar. "A Modified Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System to Assess Diabetes Self-management Behaviors and Diabetes Care in Monterrey Mexico: A Cross-sectional Study." FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625711.

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the leading causes of death from worldwide non-communicable diseases. The prevalence of diabetes in the Mexico (MX)-United States border states exceeds the national rate in both countries. The economic burden of diabetes, due to decreased productivity, disability, and medical costs, is staggering and increases significantly when T2DM-related complications occur. The purpose of this study was to use a modified behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS) to describe the T2DM self-management behaviors, diabetes care, and health perception of a convenience sample of adults with T2DM in Monterrey, MX. This cross-sectional study design, with convenience sampling, was conducted with a convenience sample (n = 351) of adults in the metropolitan area of Monterrey, MX who self-reported a diagnosis of T2DM. Potential participants were recruited from local supermarkets. Twenty-six diabetes and health-related items were selected from the BRFSS and administered in face-to-face interviews by trained data collectors. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics. The mean age was 47 years, and the mean length of time with T2DM was 12 years. The majority was taking oral medication and 34% required insulin. Daily self-monitoring of feet was performed by 56% of the participants; however, only 8.8% engaged in blood glucose self-monitoring. The mean number of health-care provider visits was 9.09 per year, and glycated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) was assessed 2.6 times per year. Finally, only 40.5% of the participants recalled having a dilated eye exam. We conclude the modified BRFSS survey administered in a face-to-face interview format is an appropriate tool for assessing engagement in T2DM self-management behaviors, diabetes care, and health perception. Extension of the use of this survey in a more rigorous design with a larger scale survey is encouraged.

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Siebenaler, Susan. "Dishonesty and social presence in retail." Thesis, Abertay University, 2017. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/2939c3c6-5fc0-4f52-9ab7-89216eb97843.

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The independent style of scanning and payment at self-service checkouts (SCOs) has resulted in areas for concern. The reduction of employee involvement may reduce the social presence perceived at a SCO. Social presence is when a user experiences the perception that there is another intelligence or entity within their environment (Short, William & Christie, 1976). If customers are not influenced by the social presence of the employees at a SCO then it may affect their behaviour. Using a mixed methods approach, with a combination of qualitative and quantitative data gathering, this thesis investigated dishonest behaviours at self-service checkouts and the effects of a social presence on consumer behaviour. The overreaching research question then guiding this dissertation is: What effect does a social presence have on thefts at self-service checkouts and can social presence be effectively implemented via technology? Three exploratory qualitative (Studies 1-3) and two empirical studies (Studies 4-5) were conducted to investigate issues surrounding thefts at SCO with reference to social presence. Study 1 consisted of in-depth observations of customers within supermarkets to gain an understanding of everyday behaviours associated with self-service checkouts. Both customers and staff seemed to be frustrated at the amount of times the technology did not work properly and the customer would appear disadvantaged when they required assistance. With an understanding of the salient factors and behaviours associated with self-service checkouts, Study 2 then explored SCO staff perceptions of thefts at self-service checkouts (Creighton et al., 2015). Qualitative semi-structured interviews were used to investigate the perceived influence of social presence at self-service checkouts by staff and its perceived effect on dishonest customer behaviour. Twenty-six self-service checkout staff took part in a series of semi-structured interviews to describe customer behaviours with self-service. With respect to actual physical social presence, such as the recognised presence of an employee, staff reported that more customer thefts occurred when the self-service checkouts were busy and their social presence was reduced. To further explore social presence within a retail environment and validate the perceptions from SCO Staff, Study 3 investigated the role of the security guard in terms of their social presence and explored their perceptions of thefts at self-service checkouts. Interviews with 6 security guards were conducted to determine factors surrounding theft as their role is to monitor this type of dishonest behavior. There was an overall agreement from security guards that there were more thefts at self-service checkouts when the store was busy and that there were more thefts at self-service checkouts overall, compared to traditional manned checkouts. The first empirical study (Study 4), consisting of 2 Experiments, considered the effects of a social presence within a self-service checkout interface on user behaviour. This study examined whether a social presence in the form of a computer designed onscreen agent at a simulated SCO, with design features varying in ‘humanness’, i.e. agents that displayed more or less-human-like features (eyes in Experiment 1, and human shapes in Experiment 2), would have an effect on opportunistic behaviour (cheating) in a simulated checkout scenario. Ninety-one participants interacted with a simulated SCO while their eye movements were tracked via a Tobii TX300 eye-tracker. Hypotheses that predicted a social presence would receive attention and result in fewer instances of theft when integrated within an interface were supported, suggesting that implementing an agent designed to suggest some level of humanness e.g. with eyes, within a SCO interface may reduce levels of theft as customers are likely to notice it. However, Study 4 showed mixed results for the effects of varying agent appearance alone. Research has shown that social presence can also be induced by varying agent behaviour (Burgoon et al., 2000). Study 5 thus varied interactivity (i.e. personal vs impersonal nature) of the agent via voice implementation on the SCO, using the same agent as in Study 4 (Experiment 2). The research highlights the need for the current designs of SCO to be updated to reduce operational issues which could be contributing to thefts occurring at SCOs. It is also concluded that further research is needed on the effects of interactivity and agent presence during a SCO interaction to explore dimensions of social presence and how they are being experienced by the user, which may ultimately lead to a reduction in thefts at SCOs.

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Najem, Mohamad. "Exploration des techniques de fouille de données pour un monitoring efficace des systèmes intégrés sur puce." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS154/document.

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La miniaturisation des technologies de semi-conducteurs a permis en quelques décennies de concevoir des systèmes toujours plus complexes, comprenant aujourd'hui plusieurs milliards de transistors sur un même substrat de silicium. Cette augmentation des densités d'intégration fait face à une contrainte physique représentée par la quantité de puissance consommée par unité de surface. À cela s'ajoutent également des problèmes de fiabilité, en raison notamment des hot-spots, qui peuvent accélérer la dégradation des transistors et réduire en conséquence la durée de vie du composant. L'efficacité énergétique des circuits devient un enjeu majeur, aussi bien dans le domaine de l'embarqué que pour des applications de calcul haute performance. La prise en compte de ces contraintes nécessite la mise en place de solutions nouvelles, s'appuyant notamment sur des techniques d'auto-adaptation. Celles-ci reposent généralement sur un processus bouclé en trois phases: (i) le monitoring qui consiste à observer l'état du système, (ii) le diagnostic qui analyse les informations relevées pour optimiser le fonctionnement du système, et (iii) l'action qui règle les paramètres en conséquence. L'efficacité d'une méthode d'adaptation dépend non seulement de l'algorithme d'optimisation mais aussi de la précision de l'information observée en ligne. Le monitoring est généralement effectué à l'aide d'un ensemble de capteurs intégrés (analogiques ou numériques). Les méthodes industrielles actuelles consistent à placer un nombre de capteurs par ressource (monitoring statique). Cependant, ces méthodes sont généralement très coûteuses et nécessitent l'insertion d'un grand nombre d'unités pour avoir une information précise sur le comportement du système à une résolution spatiale et temporelle fine. Cette thèse propose une approche innovante qui intervient en amont; un ensemble de techniques issues du domaine de la fouille de données est mis en œuvre pour l'analyse de données extraites des différents niveaux d'abstractions à partir du flot de conception, ce afin de définir une solution optimale en terme de coût et de précision. Notre méthode permet de dégager de manière systématique l'information pertinente requise pour la mise en œuvre d'un monitoring efficace et dans un contexte où la consommation et la fiabilité apparaissent comme de fortes contraintes, cette thèse s'intéresse plus particulièrement à celui de la puissance et de la température sur puce
Over the last decades, the miniaturization of semiconductor technologies has allowed to design complex systems, including today's several billions of transistors on a single die. As a consequence, the integration density has increased and the power consumption has become significant. This is compounded by the reliability issues represented by the presence of thermal hotspots that can accelerate the degradation of the transistors, and consequently reduce the chip lifetime. In order to face these challenges, new solutions are required, based in particular on the self-adaptive systems. These systems are mainly composed of a control loop with three processes: (i) the monitoring which is responsible for observing the state of the system, (ii) the diagnosis, which analyzes the information collected and make decisions to optimize the behavior of the system, and (iii) the action that adjusts the system parameters accordingly. However, effective adaptations depend critically on the monitoring process that should provide an accurate estimation about the system state in a cost-effective way. The monitoring is typically done by using integrated sensors (analog or digital). The industrial methods consist of placing one sensor per resource (static monitoring). However, these methods are usually too expensive, and require a large number of units to produce a precise information at a fine-grained resolution. This thesis proposes an innovative and ‘upstream' approach; a set of data mining techniques is used to analyze data extracted from various levels of abstractions from the design flow, in order to define the optimum monitoring in terms of cost and accuracy. Our method systematically identifies relevant information required for the implementation of effective monitoring. This thesis mainly focuses on the monitoring of the power and the temperature of the chip

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Bergman, Eva. "Symphysis Fundus Measurements for Detection of Intrauterine Growth Retardation." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-122256.

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Iser, Betine Pinto Moehlecke. "Prevalência de diabetes autorreferido em capitais brasileiras : estimativa a partir do Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por inquérito telefônico - VIGITEL." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/115618.

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Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de diabetes autorreferido e caracterizar o diagnóstico e o tratamento do diabetes em adultos de capitais brasileiras. Métodos: Analisaram-se questões adicionais de diabetes do Vigitel 2011, provenientes de 54.144 entrevistas telefônicas. Estimativas de prevalência e seus IC 95% levaram em conta os pesos amostrais atribuídos aos indivíduos entrevistados. Resultados: A prevalência de diabetes autorreferido foi de 5,6% (IC 95% 5,2 – 6,0), aumentando com idade e estado nutricional. O diagnóstico ocorreu aos ≥ 35 anos para 88% dos casos, em média 48 anos para homens e 47 anos para mulheres. A quase totalidade (99,9%) dos casos informou ter realizado exame de glicemia; apenas 28% dos que não referiram diagnóstico prévio não haviam realizado o exame. Um percentual pequeno (1,2%) dos casos não realizou glicemia ou o fez há mais de cinco anos e não faz tratamento para diabetes. A prevalência de diabetes autorreferido em tratamento para diabetes foi de 5,1% e em tratamento medicamentoso de 4,4% (3,4% na região Norte e 5,0% na Região Sudeste; 2,5% em Palmas e 5,1% em São Paulo). Entre os que não relataram ter diabetes, a realização de glicemia foi menor nos homens, nos mais jovens, nos de menor escolaridade e naqueles da região Norte. Conclusões: O elevado percentual de realização de glicemia na população apóia o uso do relato de diagnóstico prévio como medida de prevalência de diabetes. As demais questões permitiram caracterizar melhor o diagnóstico e o tratamento do diabetes, trazendo informações úteis para sua vigilância. Incertezas em relação aos possíveis falsos relatos persistem, limitando correções nas estimativas de prevalência de diabetes atualmente utilizadas. Outros estudos são necessários para estimar diretamente os falsos positivos e negativos e com maior precisão informar o número total de casos de diabetes.
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of self-reported diabetes and to describe diagnostic and treatment patterns in adults living in state capitals of Brazil. Methods: Questions about diabetes added in Vigitel 2011 were analyzed from 54,144 telephone interviews. Prevalence estimates are presented as proportions and confidence intervals, taking into account sample weights assigned to each participant. Results: Prevalence of self-reported diabetes was 5.6% (CI 5.2-6.0) with increasing rates according to age and nutritional status. Diagnosis occurred at ≥ 35 years of age in 88% of cases, on average 48 years for men and 47 for women. Almost all (99.9%) cases of diabetes informed having done a previous glucose test; only 28% of the non cases informed not having done a previous test. A small proportion (1.2%) of cases did not perform a glucose test or did so more than five years before the interview. The prevalence of self-reported diabetes based on being under any type of treatment was 5.1%, and under drug treatment, 4.4% (varying from 3.4% on the North Region to 5.0% on the Southeast and from 2.5% in Palmas to 5.1% in São Paulo). Among non cases, blood glucose testing was less frequent in men, in younger adults, in less educated and in those living in the North region. Conclusions: The high percentage of glucose testing strengthens the use of self-reported diabetes as a measure of diabetes prevalence. The additional questions to Vigitel 2011 allowed a better description of the diagnostic and treatment patterns of diabetes for the means in surveillance. Uncertainty remains about possible false reports, thus limiting corrections in current estimates of diabetes prevalence. Further studies need to be done to estimate directly false reports so as to estimate more accurately the total number and characteristics of cases of diabetes.

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Holton, Carolyn F. "The impact of computer mediated communication systems monitoring on organizational communications content." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002440.

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Daniau, Côme. "Surveillance épidémiologique fondée sur des indicateurs de santé déclarée : pertinence et faisabilité d’un dispositif à l’échelle locale en santé environnement." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CNAM0923/document.

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Ce travail présente un dispositif de surveillance épidémiologique novateur en santé environnementale fondée sur des évènements de santé déclarée, au plus près de la nature des plaintes exprimées par les populations : des symptômes et une dégradation de la qualité de vie. Ce dispositif est proposé à partir d’une réflexion conceptuelle reposant sur une revue de la littérature sur les théories psychométriques et le modèle transactionnel du stress et d’une application de terrain portant sur la population (n=1 495) riveraine du site industriel chimique de Salindres (Gard). Ces travaux permettent de vérifier les principales propriétés métriques d’indicateurs de santé déclarée mesurés, par les instruments MOS SF-36 et SCL-90-R, dans le cadre d’une population exposée à une pollution environnementale. Ils vérifient également l’adéquation et la sensibilité de ces indicateurs pour étudier les facteurs de risque environnementaux qui se réfèrent aux représentations cognitives des risques, comme la perception sensoriels des stimuli émis par les sites industriels. Ils montrent, en outre, que la disponibilité de références nationales portant sur la mesure de ces indicateurs leur confère un critère de qualité essentiel d’interprétation des résultats. Ces travaux apportent enfin des éléments d’appréciation de l’acceptabilité de la mesure des indicateurs de santé déclarée dans la population, des recommandations sur la communication pour la mise en œuvre d’un tel dispositif et des pistes de réflexion pour la gestion
This work presents an innovative epidemiological surveillance system in environmental health based on self-reported health indicators, closer to the complaints of the local population leaving around a source of environmental pollution: symptoms and loss of the quality of life. This approach is built up from a conceptual framework based on the psychometric theory and the transactional model of stress. A field application of this approach was carried out the population neighboring (n=1 495) the chemical industrial area of Salindres, Gard. This study verifies that self-reported health indicators measured with MOS SF-36 and SCL-90-R can be used to study populations exposed to multifactorial environmental risks. This study confirms that these indicators are relevant and sensitive when applied to environmental risk factors referring to the cognitive representations of risks, such as the sensorial perception of stimuli emitted by the industries. This work shows, besides, that the availability of national references for these indicators confers interpretability to these indicators, an essential quality criterion. This work discusses qualitatively the acceptability of measuring indicators of self-reported health in the population, proposes recommendations on communication for the setting of that kind of approach, and opens up avenues on management orientations

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Frigo, Alberto. "Life-stowing from a Digital Media Perspective : Past, Present and Future." Doctoral thesis, Södertörns högskola, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32439.

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While both public opinion and scholars around the world are currently pointing out the danger of increasingly popular life-logging devices, this book articulates this debate by distinguishing between automatic and manual life-logging approaches. Since new definitions of life-logging have excluded the latter approach and have been mainly focused on effortless life-logging technologies such as Google Glass and Quantified Self applications in general, the second part of this thesis theoretically frames life-stowing.Through extensive etymological research, I have defined life-stowing as a manual and effortful practice conducted by life-stowers, individuals who devote their life to sampling reality in predefined frameworks. As part of this book, an historical overview introduces life-stowers and distinguishes between Apollonian and Dionysian varieties of these practitioners. Lastly, in order to understand the future reception of life-stowing, particularly in relation to digital media, I have disclosed my ongoing life-stowing project to a small audience.
Den samtida samhälls- och forskningsdebatt, där de allt mer populära teknologierna för life-logging ofta framställs som farliga, vidgas och utvecklas i denna bok genom ett särskiljande av automatiska och manuella tekniker för life-loggning. Eftersom nya definitioner av life-loggning i stor utsträckning har exkluderat manuella tekniker och fokuserat på egenmätning som inte kräver så mycket av användaren, såsom GoogleGlass, innehåller avhandlingen också ett teoretisk utforskande av begreppet lifestowing. Genom omfattande etymologisk forskning definieras life-stowing i avhandlingen som en manuell och ansträngande praktik utförd av life-stowers, personer som vigt sina liv åt att samla och spara bitar av verkligenheten enligt fördefinierade ramar. I den historiska översikten introduceras två typer av life-stowers, den Apollonianska och den Dionysiska. Slutligen, för att förstå det framtida mottagandet av life-stowing i relation till digitala medier, presenteras författarens egna life stowingprojekt för en mindre publik.

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Carpen-Amarie, Alexandra. "BlobSeer as a data-storage facility for clouds : self-Adaptation, integration, evaluation." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DENS0066/document.

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L’émergence de l’informatique dans les nuages met en avant de nombreux défis qui pourraient limiter l’adoption du paradigme Cloud. Tandis que la taille des données traitées par les applications Cloud augmente exponentiellement, un défi majeur porte sur la conception de solutions efficaces pour la gestion de données. Cette thèse a pour but de concevoir des mécanismes d’auto-adaptation pour des systèmes de gestion de données, afin qu’ils puissent répondre aux exigences des services de stockage Cloud en termes de passage à l’échelle, disponibilité et sécurité des données. De plus, nous nous proposons de concevoir un service de données qui soit à la fois compatible avec les interfaces Cloud standard dans et capable d’offrir un stockage de données à haut débit. Pour relever ces défis, nous avons proposé des mécanismes génériques pour l’auto-connaissance, l’auto-protection et l’auto-configuration des systèmes de gestion de données. Ensuite, nous les avons validés en les intégrant dans le logiciel BlobSeer, un système de stockage qui optimise les accès hautement concurrents aux données. Finalement, nous avons conçu et implémenté un système de fichiers s’appuyant sur BlobSeer, afin d’optimiser ce dernier pour servir efficacement comme support de stockage pour les services Cloud. Puis, nous l’avons intégré dans un environnement Cloud réel, la plate-forme Nimbus. Les avantages et les désavantages de l’utilisation du stockage dans le Cloud pour des applications réelles sont soulignés lors des évaluations effectuées sur Grid’5000. Elles incluent des applications à accès intensif aux données, comme MapReduce, et des applications fortement couplées, comme les simulations atmosphériques
The emergence of Cloud computing brings forward many challenges that may limit the adoption rate of the Cloud paradigm. As data volumes processed by Cloud applications increase exponentially, designing efficient and secure solutions for data management emerges as a crucial requirement. The goal of this thesis is to enhance a distributed data-management system with self-management capabilities, so that it can meet the requirements of the Cloud storage services in terms of scalability, data availability, reliability and security. Furthermore, we aim at building a Cloud data service both compatible with state-of-the-art Cloud interfaces and able to deliver high-throughput data storage. To meet these goals, we proposed generic self-awareness, self-protection and self-configuration components targeted at distributed data-management systems. We validated them on top of BlobSeer, a large-scale data-management system designed to optimize highly-concurrent data accesses. Next, we devised and implemented a BlobSeer-based file system optimized to efficiently serve as a storage backend for Cloud services. We then integrated it within a real-world Cloud environment, the Nimbus platform. The benefits and drawbacks of using Cloud storage for real-life applications have been emphasized in evaluations that involved data-intensive MapReduce applications and tightly-coupled, high-performance computing applications

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Byrdina, Svetlana. "Anomalous Self-Potential variations related to activity of Merapi volcano (Central Java)." Paris, Institut de physique du globe, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GLOB0006.

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La thèse est consacrée à l'analyse des données d'une surveillance continue du Potentiel Spontané (PS), obtenues sur le volcan Merapi, dans le but d'identifier les signaux de PS liées à l'activité volcanique. La comparaison dePS avec la météorologie montre que les propriétés les plus manifestes dans les données de PS sont produites par des variations d'infiltration d'eau de pluie et de pression atmosphérique. Les techniques spéciales de traitement des données ont été developpé pour reduire les effets météorologiquies. Pour identifier les signaux associés à l'activité volcanique, les séries temporelles de PS ont été comparées aux données de sismicité large bande. Un rapport statistiquement stable a été trouvé entre les signaux anormaux de PS et la sismicité de periode ultra-longue (ULP). L'occurrence des anomalies de PS liées à la sismicité ULP pourrait être provoquée par l'effet électro-cinétique du flux de fluide dans la proximité du dôme de lave
The thesis is devoted to the analysis of the continuous Self-Potential (SP) monitoring date registered on Merapi volcano, with the purpose to identify related to volcanic activity SP signals. The comparison between SP and meteorolopical parameters shows that the most prominent features in the SP data are produced by rain water infiltration and air pressure. Special techniques of data processing were developed to reduce the meteorological influence on the SP. To identify the signals associated with volcanic activity, the SP time series were compared to broadband seismicity. A statistically stable relationship was found between anomalous SP signals and ultra-long-period (ULP) seismicity with dominant periods <100s. In contrast, the anomalies were not present in ground temperature data nor in SP data recorded 1km from the summit. The occurrence of SP anomalies associated with ULP-seismicity might be caused by the electro-kinetic effect of fluid flow in subsurface near the lava dome

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Szczepanski, Michał. "Online stereo camera calibration on embedded systems." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne‎ (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAC095.

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Cette thèse décrit une approche de calibration en ligne des caméras stéréo pour des systèmes embarqués. Le manuscrit introduit une nouvelle mesure de la qualité du service de cette fonctionnalité dans les systèmes cyber physiques. Ainsi, le suivi et le calcul des paramètres internes du capteur (requis pour de nombreuses tâches de vision par ordinateur) est réalisé dynamiquement. La méthode permet à la fois d'augmenter la sécurité et d'améliorer les performances des systèmes utilisant des caméras stéréo. Elle prolonge la durée de vie des appareils grâce à cette procédure d'auto-réparation, et peut accroître l'autonomie. Des systèmes tels que les robots mobiles ou les lunettes intelligentes en particulier peuvent directement bénéficier de cette technique.La caméra stéréo est un capteur capable de fournir un large spectre de données. Au préalable, le capteur doit être calibré extrinsèquement, c'est à dire que les positions relatives des deux caméras doivent être déterminées. Cependant, cette calibration extrinsèque peut varier au cours du temps à cause d'interactions avec l'environnement extérieur par exemple (chocs, vibrations...). Ainsi, une opération de recalibration permet de corriger ces effets. En effet, des données mal comprises peuvent entraîner des erreurs et le mauvais fonctionnement des applications. Afin de contrer un tel scénario, le système doit disposer d'un mécanisme interne, la qualité des services, pour décider si les paramètres actuels sont corrects et/ou en calculer des nouveaux, si nécessaire. L'approche proposée dans cette thèse est une méthode d'auto-calibration basée sur l'utilisation de données issues uniquement de la scène observée (sans modèles contrôlés). Tout d'abord, nous considérons la calibration comme un processus système s'exécutant en arrière-plan devant fonctionner en continu et en temps réel. Cette calibration interne n'est pas la tâche principale du système, mais la procédure sur laquelle s'appuient les applications de haut niveau. Pour cette raison, les contraintes systèmes limitent considérablement l'algorithme en termes de complexité, de mémoire et de temps. La méthode de calibration proposée nécessite peu de ressources et utilise des données standards provenant d'applications de vision par ordinateur, de sorte qu'elle est masquée à l'intérieur du pipeline applicatif. Dans ce manuscrit, de nombreuses discussions sont consacrées aux sujets liés à la calibration de caméras en ligne pour des systèmes embarqués, tels que des problématiques sur l'extraction de points d'intérêts robustes et au calcul du facteur d'échelle, les aspects d’implémentation matérielle, les applications de haut niveau nécessitant cette approche, etc.Enfin, cette thèse décrit et explique une méthodologie pour la constitution d'un nouveau type d'ensemble de données, permettant de représenter un changement de position d'une caméra,pour valider l’approche. Le manuscrit explique également les différents environnements de travail utilisés dans la réalisation des jeux de données et la procédure de calibration de la caméra. De plus, il présente un premier prototype de casque intelligent, sur lequel s’exécute dynamiquement le service d’auto-calibration proposé. Enfin, une caractérisation en temps réel sur un processeur embarqué ARM Cortex A7 est réalisée
This thesis describes an approach for online calibration of stereo cameras on embeddedsystems. It introduces a new functionality for cyber physical systems by measuring the qualityof service of the calibration. Thus, the manuscript proposes a dynamic monitoring andcalculation of the internal sensor parameters required for many computer vision tasks. Themethod improves both security and system efficiency using stereo cameras. It prolongs the lifeof the devices thanks to this self-repair capability, which increases autonomy. Systems such asmobile robots or smart glasses in particular can directly benefit from this technique.The stereo camera is a sensor capable of providing a wide spectrum of data. Beforehand, thissensor must be extrinsically calibrated, i.e. the relative positions of the two cameras must bedetermined.. However, camera extrinsic calibration can change over time due to interactionswith the external environment for example (shocks, vibrations...). Thus, a recalibrationoperation allow correcting these effects. Indeed, misunderstood data can lead to errors andmalfunction of applications. In order to counter such a scenario, the system must have aninternal mechanism, a quality of service, to decide whether the current parameters are correctand/or calculate new ones, if necessary.The approach proposed in this thesis is a self-calibration method based on the use of data coming only from the observed scene, without controlled models. First of all, we consider calibration as a system process running in the background and having to run continuously in real time. This internal calibration is not the main task of the system, but the procedure on which high-level applications rely. For this reason, system constraints severely limit the algorithm in terms of complexity, memory and time. The proposed calibration method requires few resources and uses standard data from computer vision applications, so it is hidden within the application pipeline. In this manuscript, we present many discussions to topics related to the online stereocalibration on embedded systems, such as problems on the extraction of robust points ofinterest, the calculation of the scale factor, hardware implementation aspects, high-levelapplications requiring this approach, etc. Finally, this thesis describes and explains amethodology for the building of a new type of dataset to represent the change of the cameraposition to validate the approach. The manuscript also explains the different workenvironments used in the realization of the datasets and the camera calibration procedure. Inaddition, it presents the first prototype of a smart helmet, on which the proposed self-calibration service is dynamically executed. Finally, this thesis characterizes the real-timecalibration on an embedded ARM Cortex A7 processor

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Rameau, François. "Système de vision hybride à fovéation pour la vidéo-surveillance et la navigation robotique." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS031/document.

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L'objectif principal de ce travail de thèse est l'élaboration d'un système de vision binoculaire mettant en oeuvre deux caméras de types différents. Le système étudié est constitué d'une caméra de type omnidirectionnelle associée à une caméra PTZ. Nous appellerons ce couple de caméras un système de vision hybride. L'utilisation de ce type de capteur fournit une vision globale de la scène à l'aide de la caméra omnidirectionnelle tandis que l'usage de la caméra mécanisée permet une fovéation, c'est-à-dire l'acquisition de détails, sur une région d'intérêt détectée depuis l'image panoramique.Les travaux présentés dans ce manuscrit ont pour objet, à la fois de permettre le suivi d'une cible à l'aide de notre banc de caméras mais également de permettre une reconstruction 3D par stéréoscopie hybride de l'environnement nous permettant d'étudier le déplacement du robot équipé du capteur
The primary goal of this thesis is to elaborate a binocular vision system using two different types of camera. The system studied here is composed of one omnidirectional camera coupled with a PTZ camera. This heterogeneous association of cameras having different characteristics is called a hybrid stereo-vision system. The couple composed of these two cameras combines the advantages given by both of them, that is to say a large field of view and an accurate vision of a particular Region of interest with an adjustable level of details using the zoom. In this thesis, we are presenting multiple contributions in visual tracking using omnidirectional sensors, PTZ camera self calibration, hybrid vision system calibration and structure from motion using a hybrid stereo-vision system

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Pereira, Elenita Malta. "Um protetor da natureza : trajetória e memória de Henrique Luiz Roessler." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/32812.

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A presente pesquisa visa a construir uma biografia histórica de Henrique Luiz Roessler (1896-1963), um dos mais importantes agentes da proteção à natureza no Rio Grande do Sul, antes da constituição de movimentos ecologistas no Estado. O trabalho se desdobra em dois eixos, a trajetória de Roessler e a memória construída sobre ele. No eixo da trajetória, tenho como objetivo, a partir da análise de sua produção oral e escrita, bem como de suas estratégias de atuação, acessar, além dos meandros de seu projeto pessoal, uma dimensão mais ampla, a saber, as ideias e práticas da proteção à natureza no Rio Grande do Sul, nos anos 1930-60. Enfoco também os elementos que possibilitaram a construção de uma memória que o situou como precursor do movimento ambientalista/ecologista no Estado, através de suportes escritos e da construção de lugares de memória. Examino elementos da vida pessoal de Roessler, assim como das duas principais fases em que se divide sua atuação em prol da natureza para compreender como seu projeto se desenvolveu no campo de possibilidades a que pertenceu. Esse projeto recebeu apoio, através da rede de relações de Roessler, mas também foi alvo de fortes resistências. Analiso a fiscalização florestal e da caça e pesca no Estado, comandada por ele como Delegado Florestal Regional, e os conflitos originados dessa fiscalização. A pesquisa trata a criação (1955) e o funcionamento da União Protetora da Natureza (UPN), onde Roessler desenvolveu um importante trabalho de educação ambiental. Analiso também as ideias presentes em seus textos (crônicas jornalísticas), palestras e nos cartazes educativos distribuídos pela UPN, com destaque para sua concepção de natureza, articulada a partir de um discurso nacionalista, educativo e sacralizante. Por fim, enfoco a construção das memórias sobre Roessler: ele mesmo já operava uma construção de si como “pioneiro do Serviço Florestal”, que é transformada por diversos agentes, após sua morte, em “pioneiro da ecologia” no Rio Grande do Sul.
This research aims to construct a historical biography of Henrique Luiz Roessler (1896- 1963), one of the most relevant agents for nature protection in Rio Grande do Sul, before the emergence of environmentalist movements in the State. This work opens into two lines: Roessler’s trajectory and memories on him. As for his trajectory, I will analyze his oral and written works and his strategies for action, in order to gain access to his personal project and a broader dimension of his ideas and practices for nature protection in Rio Grande do Sul from 1930 to 1960. I will also focus the elements which enabled the building of records which made him a pioneer of environmental movement in the State, through written reports and the building of places of memory. His personal life facts, as well as his two main periods of action in favor of nature will be explored in order to understand how his project was developed in its possibilities. This project was supported by Roessler’s relations, but also found resistances. Forest control and hunting and fishing surveillance in the State, conducted by Roessler as a Regional Forest Officer, and the conflicts caused by this surveillance, will be analyzed as well. This research deals with creation (1955) and operation of Union for Nature Protection (UPN), where Roessler made an important work for environmental education. His ideas, lectures and posters distributed by UPN will be analyzed, as well as his idea of nature through a nationalist, instructional and sacred discourse. Finally, the memories on Roessler will be focused: he had already made his construction of himself as a “pioneer in Forest Service”, which became “ecology pioneer” in Rio Grande do Sul, after his death.

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Pittari, Gianfranco. "NK Cell Tolerance of Self-Specific Apecific Activating Receptor KIR2DS1 in Individuals with Cognate HLA-C2 Ligand." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T043.

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Les cellules tueuses naturelles (NK) sont régulées par des récepteurs activateurs et inhibiteurs. La plupart des récepteurs inhibiteurs reconnaisse des molécules du complexe majeur d'histocompatibilité (CMH) de classe I, et protège les cellules saines des phénomènes d'auto-immunité médiés par les cellules NK. Cependant, certains récepteurs activateurs, incluant le récepteur killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) 2DS1, reconnaissent aussi des ligands CMH de classe I. Cela pose la question de savoir comment les cellules NK qui expriment des récepteurs activateurs deviennent tolérantes au soi. Nous avons cherché à déterminer si la présence de HLA-C2, le ligand du récepteurs 2DS1, peut induire les cellules NK qui expriment le 2DS1 à développer un état de tolérance au soi. Indépendamment de la présence ou de l'absence du ligand HLA-C2 dans le donneur, une activité anti-HLA-C2 a été identifiée in vitro dans certains clones NK 2DS1-positifs. La fréquence des clones NK avec réactivité anti-HLA-C2 était élevée parmi les donneurs homozygotes pour HLA-C1. De façon étonnante, nous n'avons pas constaté de différence statistiquement significative dans la fréquence de cytotoxicité anti-HLA-C2 entre les donneurs HLA-C2 hétérozygotes et les donneurs sans ligand HLA-C2. Par contre, les donneurs HLA-C2 homozygotes montrent une fréquence réduite de clones NK avec réactivité anti-HLA-C2 par rapport aux autres donneurs. Clones 2DS1-positifs qui co-expriment des KIR inhibiteurs spécifiques des molécules HLA de classe I du soi n’étaient pas communément cytotoxiques, et la cytotoxicité anti-HLA-C2 était limité presque exclusivement à des clones positifs seulement pour 2DS1 (« single positive » 2DS1 clones). Nous avons aussi identifié des clones 2DS1 « single positive » avec réactivité anti-HLA-C2 dans des patients recevant une greffe de cellules souches hématopoïétiques à partir de donneurs 2DS1. Ces résultats montrent que plusieurs cellules NK avec réactivité anti-HLA-C2 sont présentes dans des donneurs 2DS1 soit hétérozygotes soit homozygotes pour HLA-C1. En revanche, les clones 2DS1-positifs obtenus par des donneurs homozygotes pour HLA-C2 sont fréquemment tolérants aux antigènes HLA-C2
NK cells are regulated by inhibiting and activating cell surface receptors. Most inhibitory receptors recognize MHC-class I antigens, and protect healthy cells from NK cell-mediated auto-aggression. However, certain activating receptors, including the human killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) 2DS1, also recognize MHC-class I. This raises the question of how NK cells expressing such activating receptors are tolerized to host tissues. We investigated whether the presence of HLA-C2, the cognate ligand for 2DS1, induces tolerance in 2DS1-expressing NK cells. Anti-HLA-C2 activity could be detected in vitro in some 2DS1 positive NK clones irrespective of presence or absence of HLA-C2 ligand in the donor. The frequency of anti-HLA-C2 reactivity was high in donors homozygous for HLA-C1. Surprisingly, there was no significant difference in frequency of anti-HLA-C2 cytotoxicity in donors heterozygous for HLA-C2 and donors without HLA-C2 ligand. However, donors homozygous for HLA-C2 had significantly reduced frequency of anti-HLA-C2 reactive clones as compared to all other donors. 2DS1 positive clones that express inhibitory KIR for self-HLA class I were commonly non-cytotoxic, and anti-HLA-C2 cytotoxicity was nearly exclusively restricted to 2DS1 single positive clones lacking inhibitory KIR. 2DS1 single positive NK clones with anti-HLA-C2 reactivity were also present post-transplantation in HLA-C2 positive recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants from 2DS1 positive donors. These results demonstrate that many NK cells with anti-HLA-C2 reactivity are present in HLA-C1 homozygous and heterozygous donors with 2DS1. In contrast, 2DS1 positive clones from HLA-C2 homozygous donors are frequently tolerant to HLA-C2

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Gebreyohannes, Abaynesh Yihdego. "Bio-hybrid membrane process for food-based wastewater valorisation : a pathway to an efficient integrated membrane process design." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30360/document.

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L'industrie alimentaire est de loin l'industrie la plus grande consommatrice d'eau potable et elle rejette environ 500 millions de m3 d'eaux usées par an contenant une charge organique très élevée. Un simple traitement de ce flux par des technologies conventionnelles échoue souvent en raison de facteurs de coûts. Aussi, récemment, l'accent a été largement mis sur la valorisation de ces effluents par récupération des éléments d'intérêt et la production d'eau de bonne qualité en utilisant des procédés à membrane intégrés. Les procédés membranaires couvrent pratiquement toutes les opérations unitaires utiles et nécessaires qui sont utilisés dans les usines de traitement des eaux usées. Ils apportent souvent des avantages comme la simplicité, la modularité, le caractère innovant, la compétitivité et le respect de l'environnement. Ainsi, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est le développement d'un procédé à membrane intégré comprenant microfiltration (MF), osmose directe (FO), ultrafiltration (UF) et nanofiltration (NF) pour la valorisation des eaux usées d'origine agro-alimentaire dans une logique de " zéro effluent liquide ". Nous avons pris les eaux de végétation provenant de la production d'huile d'olive comme support d'étude. Les défis associés au traitement des eaux usées de végétation sont: la variabilité des charges hydrauliques ou organiques, la présence de composés bio phénoliques, le colmatage des membranes et le rejet périodique de grands volumes d'eaux usées. En particulier, la présence de composés bio phénoliques rend ces eaux usées nocives pour l'environnement. Toutefois, la récupération de ces composés phytotoxiques peut également apporter une valeur ajoutée, car ils ont des activités biologiques intéressantes qui peuvent être exploitées dans les industries cosmétique, alimentaire et pharmaceutique
The food industry is by far the largest potable water consuming industry that releases about 500 million m3 of wastewater per annum with very high organic loading. Simple treatment of this stream using conventional technologies often fails due to cost factors overriding their pollution abating capacity. Hence, recently the focus has been largely centered on valorization through combinatorial recovery of valuable components and reclaiming good quality water using integrated membrane process. Membrane processes practically cover all existing and needed unit operations that are used in wastewater treatment facilities. They often come with advantages like simplicity, modularity, process or product novelty, improved competitiveness, and environmental friendliness. Thus, the main focus of this PhD thesis is development of integrated membrane process comprising microfiltration (MF), forward osmosis (FO), ultrafiltration (UF) and nanofiltration (NF) for valorization of food based wastewater within the logic of zero liquid discharge. As a case study, vegetation wastewater coming from olive oil production was taken. Challenges associated with the treatment of vegetation wastewater are: absence of unique hydraulic or organic loadings, presence of biophenolic compounds, sever membrane fouling and periodic release of large volume of wastewater. Especially presence of biophenolic compounds makes the wastewater detrimental to the environment. However, recovering these phytotoxic compounds can also add economic benefit to the simple treatment since they have interesting bioactivities that can be exploited in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries

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Dan, Yufang. "SECURITY AND SELF-HEALABILITY ENFORCEMENT OF DYNAMIC COMPONENTS IN A SERVICE-ORIENTED SYSTEM." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994833.

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Les architectures dynamiques orientées services ( D-SOA) se concentrent sur les interactions client-serveur à couplage faible, où les deux peuvent apparaître et disparaître à l'exécution. Notre objectif est de concevoir des systèmes de surveillance pour ces architectures. Comme les systèmes de surveillance classiques sont statiquement injectés dans les services surveillés, ils ne peuvent pas gérer correctement le cycle de vie des services d'exécution. En outre, quand un service est remplacé par un autre service, d'autres services peuvent toujours utiliser l'ancienne référence. Cette référence vers un service absent, lorsqu'elle est gardée en mémoire, peut induire des comportements non désirés. Cette thèse contribue à la conception d'un système de surveillance de l'utilisation des services, qui soit résistant à la dynamique de la plateforme et qui soit en mesure de faire face à l'utilisation des références obsolètes. Ce but est atteint en trois étapes. Tout d'abord, en considérant le caractère dynamique des systèmes SOA dans un environnement ouvert, nous concevons une approche de monitoring résistant au la dynamique de la plateforme. Nous identifions deux propriétés clés du système de surveillance à couplage faible: résilience à la dynamicité, c'est-à-dire qu'un moniteur d'interface et son état sont maintenus en mémoire et transférés à un nouveau service lors de la disparition d'un service utilisé, et exhaustivité, c'est-à-dire qu'un service surveillé ne peut pas contourner les observations du moniteur. Ensuite, pour éviter l'usage de références vers des services qui ne sont plus actifs, nous proposons un service de sécurité côté client (SSU Layer), qui permet de traiter ce problème de manière transparente. Si un service utilisé disparaît, la couche SSU peut soit substituer le service de manière transparente, soit lever une exception pour avertir explicitement le client. Cette couche SSU est basée sur une approche transactionnelle qui vise à préserver la cohérence des services actifs. Enfin, nous proposons d'intégrer les deux approches dans un nouveau système de surveillance (NewMS). Les NewMS hérite des principes des deux systèmes précédents: la résilience à la dynamicité, l'exhaustivité et la tolérance aux fautes. Il peut dynamiquement surveiller l'utilisation de services et traiter les références obsolètes de manière transparente. Ces trois propositions sont implémentées dans la plateforme OSGi. Nous avons développé une application simple qui simule un système de réservation de place, qui est monitoré par notre systèmes. Nous avons également proposé différentes spécifications pour ce système. Nos résultats démontrent que le coût d'observation de notre moniteur est proche du coût d'un monitor classique, ne prenant pas en compte les problématiques liées à la dynamique.

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Morgan, Chodaesessie Wellesley-Cole. "Cervical Cancer Screening Disparities in an Ethnically Diverse Population of Women Residing in the United States in 1999: A Secondary Analysis of Data from the 1999 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001202.

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Janse, Van Vuuren Michaella. "Human Pose and Action Recognition using Negative Space Analysis." Diss., University of Cape Town, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/71571.

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This thesis proposes a novel approach to extracting pose information from image sequences. Current state of the art techniques focus exclusively on the image space occupied by the body for pose and action recognition. The method proposed here, however, focuses on the negative spaces: the areas surrounding the individual. This has resulted in the colour-coded negative space approach, an image preprocessing step that circumvents the need for complicated model fitting or template matching methods. The approach can be described as follows: negative spaces surrounding the human silhouette are extracted using horizontal and vertical scanning processes. These negative space areas are more numerous, and undergo more radical changes in shape than the single area occupied by the figure of the person performing an action. The colour-coded negative space representation is formed using the four binary images produced by the scanning processes. Features are then extracted from the colour-coded images. These are based on the percentage of area occupied by distinct coloured regions as well as the bounding box proportions. Pose clusters are identified using feedback from an independent action set. Subsequent images are classified using a simple Euclidean distance measure. An image sequence is thus temporally segmented into its corresponding pose representations. Action recognition simply becomes the detection of a temporally ordered sequence of poses that characterises the action. The method is purely vision-based, utilising monocular images with no need for body markers or special clothing. Two datasets were constructed using several actors performing different poses and actions. Some of these actions included actors waving their arms, sitting down or kicking a leg. These actions were recorded against a monochrome background to simplify the segmentation of the actors from the background. The actions were then recorded on DV cam and digitised into a data base. The silhouette images from these actions were isolated and placed in a frame or bounding box. The next step was to highlight the negative spaces using a directional scanning method. This scanning method colour-codes the negative spaces of each action. What became immediately apparent is that very distinctive colour patterns formed for different actions. To emphasise the action, different colours were allocated to negative spaces surrounding the image. For example, the space between the legs of an actor standing in a T - pose with legs apart would be allocated yellow, while the space below the arms were allocated different shades of green. The space surrounding the head would be different shades of purple. During an action when the actor moves one leg up in a kicking fashion, the yellow colour would increase. Inversely, when the actor closes his legs and puts them together, the yellow colour filling the negative space would decrease substantially. What also became apparent is that these coloured negative spaces are interdependent and that they influence each other during the course of an action. For example, when an actor lifts one of his legs, increasing the yellow-coded negative space, the green space between that leg and the arm decreases. This interrelationship between colours hold true for all poses and actions as presented in this thesis. In terms of pose recognition, it is significant that these colour coded negative spaces and the way the change during an action or a movement are substantial and instantly recognisable. Compare for example, looking at someone lifting an arm as opposed to seeing a vast negative space changing shape. In a controlled research environment, several actors were instructed to perform a number of different actions. After colour coding the negative spaces, it became apparent that every action can be recognised by a unique colour coded pattern. The challenge is to ascribe a numerical presentation, a mathematical quotation, to extract the essence of what is so visually apparent. The essence of pose recognition and it's measurability lies in the relationship between the colours in these negative spaces and how they impact on each other during a pose or an action. The simplest way of measuring this relationship is by calculating the percentage of each colour present during an action. These calculated percentages become the basis of pose and action recognition. By plotting these percentages on a graph confirms that the essence of these different actions and poses can in fact been captured and recognised. Despite variations in these traces caused by time differences, personal appearance and mannerisms, what emerged is a clear recognisable pattern that can be married to an action or different parts of an action. 7 Actors might lift their left leg, some slightly higher than others, some slower than others and these variations in terms of colour percentages would be recorded as a trace, but there would be very specific stages during the action where the traces would correspond, making the action recognisable.In conclusion, using negative space as a tool in human pose and tracking recognition presents an exiting research avenue because it is influenced less by variations such as difference in personal appearance and changes in the angle of observation. This approach is also simplistic and does not rely on complicated models and templates

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Larabi, Islam Amine. "Nouveaux produits de synthèse : analyse, consommation et métabolisme ; Applications cliniques et médicolégales Rapid and simultaneous screening of new psychoactive substances and conventional drugs of abuse. A comparative study of Biochip Array Technology versus LC-MS/MS in whole blood and urine Development of a sensitive untargeted liquid chromatography– high resolution mass spectrometry screening devoted to hair analysis through a shared MS2 spectra database: A step toward early detection of new psychoactive substances Validation of an UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of sixteen synthetic cannabinoids in human hair. Application to document chronic use of JWH-122 following a non-fatal overdose Development and validation of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry targeted screening of 16 fentanyl analogs and U-47700 in hair: Application to 137 authentic samples Prevalence and Surveillance of Synthetic Cathinones Use by Hair Analysis: An Update Review Prevalence of New Psychoactive Substances(NPS) and conventional drugs of abuse (DOA) in high risk populations from Paris(France) and its suburbs A cross sectional study by hair testing(2012–2017) Evaluation of drug abuse by hair analysis and self-reported use among MSM under PrEP: Results from a sub-study of the ANRS-IPERGAY trial. Hair testing for 3‑fluorofentanyl, furanylfentanyl, methoxyacetylfentanyl, carfentanil, acetylfentanyl and fentanyl by LC–MS/MS after unintentional overdose Drug‐facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) involving 4‐methylethcathinone (4‐MEC),3,4‐Methylenedioxypyrovalerone (MDPV), and doxylamine highlighted by hair analysis Metabolic Profiling of Deschloro-N-ethyl-ketamine (O-PCE) and identification of new target metabolites in urine and hair using human liver microsomes and high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASL029.

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L’objectif de ce travail a été de développer deux approches analytiques dédiées à l’analyse toxicologique des nouveaux produits de synthèse (NPS) dans différentes matrices biologiques (sang, urine et cheveux). La première est basée sur le criblage non ciblé par chimiluminescence sur biopuces et chromatographie liquide couplée à la spectrométrie de masse haute résolution (LC-HRMS) et la deuxième correspond à un criblage ciblé par spectrométrie de masse en tandem (LC-MS/MS). Ces deux approches ont ensuite été appliquées dans des études observationnelles pour évaluer la consommation de NPS dans des populations à risques de surdosage, de pharmacodépendance ou de soumission chimique dans un contexte clinique ou médico-judiciaire.La dernière partie a été consacrée au développement d’un nouvel outil analytique de traitement des données issues de la LC-HRMS qui a permis d’étudier le métabolisme de 9 NPS in vitro sur des cultures de microsomes du foie humain (HLM) et in vivo sur des échantillons biologiques d’usagers de ces drogues. Cette dernière approche a permis la création d’une bibliothèque de spectres de haute résolution composée de 228 métabolites dont certains ont été proposés comme marqueurs pertinents d’exposition aux NPS dont ils sont issus.Ce travail a été concrétisé par la rédaction de 10 publications scientifiques et a permis d’initier plusieurs collaborations pluridisciplinaires
The aim of the present work was to develop two analytical approaches dedicated to the analysis of new psychoactive substances in different biological matrices (blood, urine and hair). The first approach is based on untargeted screening by both biochip array technology chemiluminescence assay and liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and the second corresponds to a targeted screening by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). These two approaches were then applied in observational studies to assess the consumption of NPS in high risk populations (overdose, drug abuse, drug facilitated crimes) in clinical and forensic settings. The last part of the work was devoted to the development of a new analytical tool for LC-HRMS data processing which made it possible to study the metabolism of 9 NPS In vitro on human liver microsomes (HLM) and In vivo in biological samples from drug users. This approach has enabled the creation of HRMS spectral library containing 228 metabolites, some of which have been proposed as relevant markers of NPS exposure.This work has resulted on 10 scientific publications and allowed to initiate many multidisciplinary collaborations

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38

Lin, Cheng-Yi, and 林政儀. "Real-time Video Surveillance Using Fuzzy Self-Organizing Neural Network." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7t7h53.

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碩士
國立中央大學
資訊工程研究所
94
The developing of a computer-based monitoring system is an effective approach to monitor the space with less man power. An intelligent program could provide not only the recording function but also the prediction of abnormal activities. Trajectory feature was proven to be an effective feature for detecting the abnormal activities. However, the moving trajectories of objects should be pre-defined in traditional approaches. Since the monitoring scenes were varied widely, pre-defined trajectories are not available for all scenes. In this thesis, the video data with normal activities were collected and segmented to train an unsupervised learning model of normal behaviors. In this thesis, a fuzzy self-organized map (SOM) is built to detect the abnormal activities using the trajectory features. First of all, moving objects are detected and tracked in the histogram-based background subtraction, shadow removal, and labeling steps. The trajectory features of moving objects were extracted and represented as a normalized feature vector. The activity patterns are thus constructed using an unsupervised learning algorithm. Unlike the existing learning method, the proposed method combines the FSOM and the modified possibility c-means clustering algorithm. The parameters of SOM were replaced with the membership functions. They are repeatedly adjusted to obtain the desired output by the training samples. After completing the learning process, a normalized trajectory vector is classified to verify its validity. Experimental results are illustrated to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach. The abnormal activities can be detected in a real-time video surveillance system. Finally, conclusions and future works are given.

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"Unsupervised self-adaptive abnormal behavior detection for real-time surveillance." 2009. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5894021.

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Yu, Tsz Ho.
Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 95-100).
Abstract also in Chinese.
Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.2
Chapter 1.1 --- Surveillance and Computer Vision --- p.3
Chapter 1.2 --- The Need for Abnormal Behavior Detection --- p.3
Chapter 1.2.1 --- The Motivation --- p.3
Chapter 1.2.2 --- Choosing the Right Surveillance Target --- p.5
Chapter 1.3 --- Abnormal Behavior Detection: An Overview --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.1 --- Challenges in Detecting Abnormal Behaviors --- p.6
Chapter 1.3.2 --- Limitations of Existing Approaches --- p.8
Chapter 1.3.3 --- New Design Concepts --- p.9
Chapter 1.3.4 --- Requirements for Abnormal Behavior Detection --- p.10
Chapter 1.4 --- Contributions --- p.11
Chapter 1.4.1 --- An Unsupervised Experience-based Approach for Abnormal Behavior Detection --- p.11
Chapter 1.4.2 --- Motion Histogram Transform: A Novel Feature Descriptors --- p.12
Chapter 1.4.3 --- Real-time Algorithm for Abnormal Behavior Detection --- p.12
Chapter 1.5 --- Thesis Organization --- p.13
Chapter 2 --- Literature Review --- p.14
Chapter 2.1 --- From Segmentation to Visual Tracking --- p.14
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Environment Modeling and Segmentation --- p.15
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Spatial-temporal Feature Extraction --- p.18
Chapter 2.2 --- Detecting Irregularities in Videos --- p.21
Chapter 2.2.1 --- Model-based Method --- p.22
Chapter 2.2.2 --- Non Model-based Method --- p.26
Chapter 3 --- Design Framework --- p.29
Chapter 3.1 --- Dynamic Scene and Behavior Model --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Images Sequences and Video --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Motions and Behaviors in Video --- p.31
Chapter 3.1.3 --- Discovering Abnormal Behavior --- p.32
Chapter 3.1.4 --- Problem Definition --- p.33
Chapter 3.1.5 --- System Assumption --- p.34
Chapter 3.2 --- Methodology --- p.35
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Potential Improvements --- p.35
Chapter 3.2.2 --- The Design Framework --- p.36
Chapter 4 --- Implementation --- p.40
Chapter 4.1 --- Preprocessing --- p.40
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Data Input --- p.41
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Motion Detection --- p.41
Chapter 4.1.3 --- The Gaussian Mixture Background Model --- p.43
Chapter 4.2 --- Feature Extraction --- p.46
Chapter 4.2.1 --- Optical Flow Estimation --- p.47
Chapter 4.2.2 --- Motion Histogram Transforms --- p.53
Chapter 4.3 --- Feedback Learning --- p.56
Chapter 4.3.1 --- The Observation Matrix --- p.58
Chapter 4.3.2 --- Eigenspace Transformation --- p.58
Chapter 4.3.3 --- Self-adaptive Update Scheme --- p.61
Chapter 4.3.4 --- Summary --- p.62
Chapter 4.4 --- Classification --- p.63
Chapter 4.4.1 --- Detecting Abnormal Behavior via Statistical Saliencies --- p.64
Chapter 4.4.2 --- Determining Feedback --- p.65
Chapter 4.5 --- Localization and Output --- p.66
Chapter 4.6 --- Conclusion --- p.69
Chapter 5 --- Experiments --- p.71
Chapter 5.1 --- Experiment Setup --- p.72
Chapter 5.2 --- A Summary of Experiments --- p.74
Chapter 5.3 --- Experiment Results: Part 1 --- p.78
Chapter 5.4 --- Experiment Results: Part 2 --- p.81
Chapter 5.5 --- Experiment Results: Part 3 --- p.83
Chapter 5.6 --- Experiment Results: Part 4 --- p.86
Chapter 5.7 --- Analysis and Conclusion --- p.86
Chapter 6 --- Conclusions --- p.88
Chapter 6.1 --- Application Extensions --- p.88
Chapter 6.2 --- Limitations --- p.89
Chapter 6.2.1 --- Surveillance Range --- p.89
Chapter 6.2.2 --- Preparation Time for the System --- p.89
Chapter 6.2.3 --- Calibration of Background Model --- p.90
Chapter 6.2.4 --- Instability of Optical Flow Feature Extraction --- p.91
Chapter 6.2.5 --- Lack of 3D information --- p.91
Chapter 6.2.6 --- Dealing with Complex Behavior Patterns --- p.92
Chapter 6.2.7 --- Potential Improvements --- p.92
Chapter 6.2.8 --- New Method for Classification --- p.93
Chapter 6.2.9 --- Introduction of Dynamic Texture as a Feature --- p.93
Chapter 6.2.10 --- Using Multiple-camera System --- p.93
Chapter 6.3 --- Summary --- p.94
Bibliography --- p.95

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Chen, Sung-Hung, and 陳松鴻. "A Self-adapted Video Surveillance System under Multi-interference Environment." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/k7b8ha.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
電機工程系研究所
101
Among all the visual surveillance systems, most of the algorithms apply the so-called background subtraction approach for the detection of a foreground, i.e., for the detection of a moving target. However, the background subtraction approach is susceptible to making an incorrect judgment for a time-varying environment, such as the change of light source, the interference of waving trees, the change of shadow, and the texture caused by raindrops. To conquer this problem, some of the researches propose the use of a statistical approach for the construction of an adaptive background model, and pixel values with higher probability would be classified as a background. Nevertheless, the problem of a shadow caused by light masking still exists, and a shadow can still be deemed as the foreground, resulting in an incorrect judgment. In addition, when the system is operating in a rainy day, the effect of the raindrops not only reduce visibility but also make the video screen blurred, causing the system hard to function well. To solve these problems, we propose in this dissertation a self-adapted video surveillance algorithm for multi-interference environment. The proposed algorithms can be divided into three parts. The First part is for rainfall interference removal. We find that only the intensity component of a pixel will be affected when a raindrop exists. That is, the illumination tends to be increased but with chrominance components kept unaltered when a raindrop exists. Based on this observation, we propose in this dissertation an algorithm for rainfall interference removal. The second part is in proposing an efficient approach by using statistical methods for the construction of an adaptive background model for time-varying environments. The third part is for shadow detection. Based on the observation that a shadow doesn’t affect the chrominance components of a pixel, we propose in this dissertation an algorithm for shadow detection so that a shadow will be excluded from being regarded as the foreground. Considering the real-time processing requirement in most of the visual surveillance systems, the proposed algorithm has extremely low computational complexity. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm works very well under various test environments with a variety of interferences, which justifies the superiority of the proposed approach.

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41

LIN, YI-RU, and 林義儒. "A Smart Surveillance System with User-Detection and Self-Tracking." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/96154893316371691203.

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碩士
國立聯合大學
電子工程學系碩士班
105
Conventional surveillance continuously monitors a fixed point of interest, which leads to the disadvantages of low performance and high cost. In this thesis, using Arduino UNO incorporated with Bluetooth module and passive infrared sensors, we propose a smart surveillance system with user identification and self-tracking. The proposed scheme first uses the Bluetooth module to search the users-of-interest (UOI). The relevant information is then sent to the Arduino UNO, when the passive infrared (PIR) sensor is triggered. In the case of invasion, the Arduino UNO sends a message to turn on the IP camera incorporated with the self-tracking scheme. Finally, the proposed smart surveillance system is implemented at our laboratory and the corresponding results of the field trial confirm the efficacy of the proposed scheme. Key Word：Arduino UNO；Passive Infrared Sensors；Bluetooth Model

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42

Marques, João António Palavra. "A self-surveillance system for change detection of pigmented skin lesions." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/29597.

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Melanoma is one of the most common skin cancers. Five per cent of all cancer cases that occur in a year are cases of melanoma, and many people die each year by melanoma because of overdue recognition. Moreover, the number of new cases of melanoma has been increasing in the last 30 years. Fortunately, melanoma is highly curable if detected yearly. To help mitigate this problem, the creation of applications capable of helping the user detect changes in skin moles and seek professional opinions, are instrumental. This dissertation aims at the development of an automated self-surveillance system focused on detecting changes in pigmented skin lesions over time. Quantitative analysis based on the ABCD-rule is applied to detect changes between a baseline and a follow-up image in terms of shape, colour and size. Image similarity measures for comparative evaluation of pair-images are also considered, providing information about new attributes such as colours patterns and texture. Finally, the feasibility of integrating these complementary criteria into a mobile application is evaluated. The application is designed to help scan, track and monitor pigmented skin lesions, allowing the user to compare images taken over time.
Melanoma é um dos tipos de pele cancro mais comum. Cinco por cento de todos os casos de cancro anuais são identificados como melanoma e em muitos casos, o paciente morre devido a um diagnóstico tardio. Ademais, o número de casos de melanoma tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos 30 anos. Felizmente, melanoma tem uma taxa de cura extremamente alta se detetado antecipadamente. Portanto, para ajudar a mitigar este problema, a criação de aplicações capazes de ajudar o utilizador a detetar mudanças em lesões cutâneas, e consequentemente procurar uma opinião profissional, são extremamente uteis. Esta tese tem como objetivo o desenvolvimento de um sistema automático de auto-vigilância focado na deteção de mudanças em lesões cutâneas ao longo do tempo. Analise quantitativa com base na regra ABCD é aplicada de forma a detetar mudanças entre uma imagem base e uma imagem mais recente em termos de forma, cor e tamanho. Medidas de similaridade entre imagens para a comparação de pares de imagens também foram consideradas, dispondo informação acerca de novos atributos, como cor, padrões e textura. Finalmente, os algoritmos desenvolvidos foram implementados numa aplicação móvel de maneira a avaliar a sua viabilidade num dispositivo móvel. A aplicação foi desenhada de maneira a examinar, localizar e monitorizar uma lesão cutânea pigmantada, podendo assim o utilizador comparar images ao longo do tempo.
Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemática

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43

Koit, Naomi. "Virtual Subjectivity on Social Networking Sites: Transforming the Politics of Self-Surveillance." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5335.

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Social networking sites (SNSs) are designed to cure loneliness and fill a void left by the lack of face-to-face communication in this digital age. Given the rapid growth rate and extensive popularity of social networking sites, my research aims to investigate the validity of widespread claims indicating that members of the millennial generation who have grown up on SNSs are increasingly narcissistic and self-obsessed because of their involvement on these sites. To address these claims, I turn to key insights borrowed from computer sciences and social psychology, inspired by the exemplary work of Sherry Turkle and ideas from Michel Foucault. I find that the digital subject is caught in a vicious circle of narcissistic attachment and panic insecurity, driven to constant self-surveillance and examination in a digital form of the modern panopticon where cybercitizens can be left feeling alienated and alone despite continuous connection to others online.
Graduate
0723
0451
0615
naomikoit@gmail.com

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44

Simpson, Shawn E. "Self-controlled methods for postmarketing drug safety surveillance in large-scale longitudinal data." Thesis, 2011. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8ZK5PPQ.

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A primary objective in postmarketing drug safety surveillance is to ascertain the relationship between time-varying drug exposures and adverse events (AEs) related to health outcomes. Surveillance can be based on longitudinal observational databases (LODs), which contain time-stamped patient-level medical information including periods of drug exposure and dates of diagnoses. Due to its desirable properties, we focus on the self-controlled case series (SCCS) method for analysis in this context. SCCS implicitly controls for fixed multiplicative baseline covariates since each individual acts as their own control. In addition, only exposed cases are required for the analysis, which is computationally advantageous. In the first part of this work we present how the simple SCCS model can be applied to the surveillance problem, and compare the results of simple SCCS to those of existing methods. Many current surveillance methods are based on marginal associations between drug exposures and AEs. Such analyses ignore confounding drugs and interactions and have the potential to give misleading results. In order to avoid these difficulties, it is desirable for an analysis strategy to incorporate large numbers of time-varying potential confounders such as other drugs. In the second part of this work we propose the Bayesian multiple SCCS approach, which deals with high dimensionality and can provide a sparse solution via a Laplacian prior. We present details of the model and optimization procedure, as well as results of empirical investigations. SCCS is based on a conditional Poisson regression model, which assumes that events at different time points are conditionally independent given the covariate process. This requirement is problematic when the occurrence of an event can alter the future event risk. In a clinical setting, for example, patients who have a first myocardial infarction (MI) may be at higher subsequent risk for a second. In the third part of this work we propose the positive dependence self-controlled case series (PD-SCCS) method: a generalization of SCCS that allows the occurrence of an event to increase the future event risk, yet maintains the advantages of the original by controlling for fixed baseline covariates and relying solely on data from cases. We develop the model and compare the results of PD-SCCS and SCCS on example drug-AE pairs.

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45

"Validity of Self-Reported Data on Seat Belt Use: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System." East Tennessee State University, 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0315104-172201/.

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46

Heieh, Tsung-Hsien, and 謝宗賢. "Implementing Self Balance Control and Video Surveillance for an Arduino-based Safety Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Platform." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27738614637860545202.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
電機工程學系
101
Unmanned aerial vehicle is a hot research topic in recent years. A quadrotor is one of these vehicles which is easy to control and has good hovering capability. The quadrotor is commonly used in environmental monitoring, disaster investigation and other tasks by sending aerial images to ground station in real time. In the thesis, in order to solve the flying control problem associated with a quadrotor, a dynamic model was developed. Based on the model, Matlab/Simulink simulations were studied. Further, PID controllers were designed and applied to the actual plant via MWC interface. The quadrotor system uses the Arduino board ATmega2560 as the controller and chooses a 9-axis IMU sensor module for the flight attitude balance. This module consists of a 3-axis gyro, a 3-axis accelerometer, an electronic compass and a barometric pressure altimeter and it offers triaxial angular velocity, triaxial acceleration and the height measurement data. Finally, a designed rolling cage was mounted on the quadrotor for experimental safety consideration. In order to carry out inspection missions, quadrotor is equipped with a video camera and the captured images were sent to a monitoring station.

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Owen, Stephen. "Governing the Facebook self: social network Sites and neoliberal subjects." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1047941.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
The internet was once celebrated as a place in which anonymity allowed its users to experiment and play with multiple forms of identity. The rise of Social Network Sites (SNS) has altered the ways in which people engage with the internet. Instead of being potentially anonymous users are now likely to be ‘nonymous’ where displays of selfhood are grounded in already-existing relationships that contribute to verifiable, authenticated, unified identities. Furthermore, the spaces in which the self is presented online are highly structured spaces in which users’ behaviours are both constrained and enabled in pre-determined ways. One such space is Facebook, the focus of this thesis. The argument is that Facebook is a space where forms of selfhood align with the dominant logics of neoliberalism. Facebook is used routinely by hundreds of millions of people around the world. Spaces like Facebook are predicated on mutual forms of display. Facebook’s very design constitutes a particular form of social surveillance architecture. These aspects coalesce in such a way that Facebook becomes a site in which its users are, knowingly or unknowingly, engaged in activities that require the government of the self. Within the Facebook space users find their behaviours guided in particular ways. Users themselves engage in processes of self- monitoring and self-regulation. In this way Facebook facilitates the operation of power through its use as a technology of the self in which contemporary Selves are performatively constructed through an ongoing engagement with the site. This thesis applies a Foucauldian-oriented understanding of power and government to the analysis of Facebook use employing concepts of governmentality, panopticism, subjectification, and the power/knowledge nexus. The research data was gathered using a ‘facet’ methodology approach that involved a survey, interviews, and online observation. This combination of approaches enabled the broad attitudes and behaviours of Facebook users’ to be explored and some of the underlying motivations and beliefs to be identified. Online observations of users’ daily engagement revealed both what this particular sample of Facebook users actually ‘do’, and the sorts of Selves that emerge through their everyday behaviours. Ultimately, Facebook is shown to be a social surveillance architecture and part of a discursive formation that supports and reinforces neoliberalism. Facebook’s unique design, the emerging norms of Facebook use, and the proliferation of discursive warnings related to improper usage combine to effect a twofold seduction of its users. In the first place it proffers its users a sense of freedom, while simultaneously leading them to conform to a narrowing range of acceptable behaviours. The sense of freedom is coupled with relationships of power that encourage individualisation and normalisation such that Facebook users should become responsibilised self-governing neoliberal subjects.

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48

Kenke, Ralph. "A creative study on data portraits: the visualisation process of self-surveillance as an indicator of datafication of social life." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1413586.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
This research is a practice-based speculative design enquiry into the emerging field of data portraiture. Humans’ use of the networked digital environments that are now so much a part of life leaves a massive data trail of individuals’ everyday interactions with these environments. An increasing quantity of this data trail remains invisible. Although we spend a significant amount of time participating in digital network activities, we have just started to discover the potential of visualising personal data as a graphical representation. The term ‘data portraiture’ was developed by Donath (2014) to describe the practice of ‘artists’ turning these data ‘pictures’ into visible ‘portraits’: ‘Data portraits are depictions of people made by visualising data by and about them’ and ‘their aim is to humanize the online experience’ (187). Data portraits can reveal individuals’ preferences, skills and talent, yet also record their mistakes, failure and history. As a consequence, data portraits can indicate society’s collective engagement in self-surveillance and empower the public to debate the current datafication of social life. Data portraits can appear in different forms; some are graphs, while others are typographic displays that reveal recorded conversations, and some even take a sculptural figurative shape. These data trails can shape depictions of online behaviour, experiences and interests. Traditionally, ‘pictures’ that depict individuals’ physical likeness and infer their behaviour, experiences and interests are labelled ‘portraits’ and created by artists. Network technology enables humans to share personal data on a large scale, thereby facilitating a global dialogue in a telematic society. This research into the emerging field of data portraiture seeks to understand the role of the ‘artist’ as creative practitioner in interpreting qualitative data into image experiences, and to offer insights into the behaviour and interests of individuals engaging with such work. Through a number design iterations, this research investigates a potential visual format by initially using manually collected quantitative data, before shifting to an automated process to record qualitative photography data of selfies shared on Instagram to successfully demonstrate what a ‘global image scenario’ in a gallery has to offer. Further, it reveals the importance of participant contribution to the ‘datafication’ of social life and the emergence of ‘surveillance capitalism’. This study’s original contribution to knowledge focuses on the continuum of aesthetics and functionality, and, throughout the implementation of prototyping, the exegesis reflects on the research’s case study and provides knowledge to the emerging field and design practice.

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49

Ruiz, Ericka Patricia Madrid, and 艾翠珊. "An Automatic Dual Camera Visual Surveillance System based on a combination of Self Organizing Maps and Radial Basis Function Network." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52618536179842814019.

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碩士
南台科技大學
機械工程系
97
This paper develops an automatic dual-camera visual surveillance system that uses a neural-network-based learning algorithm to integrate a Pan/Tilt/Zoom (PTZ) camera and a static camera. This integration provides a wide field of view for surveillance and close observations of the suspect objects. Furthermore, it does not require detailed geometric information to calibrate the two camera systems. Instead, it uses un-calibrated algorithms as well as the neural networks of Self organizing maps (SOM) and Radial basis function (RBF) to automatically establish the visual servoing map. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of our approach for auto-tracking and auto-zooming

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50

WU, PEI-CHEN, and 吳珮甄. "The Effects of Self-Control, Surveillance, and Privacy Attitudes on Motorcyclists' Risky Driving Behaviors:the Mediation Effects of Video Event Data Recorder." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pu2jy2.

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碩士
國立臺北大學
犯罪學研究所
104
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of risky driving behavior on motorcyclists equipped with the video event data recorder (car recorder). Comparing to the car drivers, motorcyclists are usually more serious injured from road traffic accidents. In recent years, car recorders got great amounts of credit for reconstructing traffic accidents and clarifying the responsibility. However, only few studies discussed the effects of the car recorder on motorcyclists' riding behaviors. Previous studies indicated that environmental and personal factors could interact together to influence risky driving behaviors. In this study, low self-control, attitudes toward surveillance and risk of privacy were treated as the personal factors; equipping with the car recorder or not was treated as the environmental factor to investigate their motorcyclists' aggressive driving and risky driving behaviors. Online survey were used to collected 199 motorcyclists equipped car recorder and 180 regular motorcyclists' responses. The result indicated that (1) both attitudes toward surveillance and risk of privacy affected the usage of car recorder. (2) The risky driving behaviors were decreased after the motorcyclists equipped car recorders. (3) Car recorders could not moderate the effects of self-control on risky driving behaviors. (4) The attitudes security surveillance and risk of privacy were not related to risky driving. According to the results, this study suggested that car recorders could remind the motorcyclists to be careful while riding motorcycle, and decrease the risky driving behaviors. This study provided the insights into preliminary exploration under new environmental factors, and the results could be the foundation of traffic management in the future.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Self-surveillance'

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