Academic literature on the topic 'Self-sensing structural materials'
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Journal articles on the topic "Self-sensing structural materials"
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Ramachandran, Kousalya, Ponmalar Vijayan, Gunasekaran Murali, and Nikolai Ivanovich Vatin. "A Review on Principles, Theories and Materials for Self Sensing Concrete for Structural Applications." Materials 15, no. 11 (May 27, 2022): 3831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15113831.
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Self-sensing concrete is a smart material known for its cost-effectiveness in structural health-monitoring areas, which converts the external stimuli into a stress/strain sensing parameter. Self-sensing material has excellent mechanical and electrical properties that allow it to act as a multifunctional agent satisfying both the strength and structural health-monitoring parameters. The main objective of this review is to understand the theories and principles behind the self-sensing practices. Many review papers have focused on the different types of materials and practices that rely on self-sensing technology, and only a few articles have discussed the theories involved. Understanding the mechanism and the theories behind the conduction mechanism is necessary. This review paper provides an overview of self-sensing concrete, including the principles such as piezoresistivity and piezopermittivity; the tunnelling effect, percolation threshold, and electrical circuit theories; the materials used and methods adopted; and the sensing parameters. The paper concludes with an outline of the application of self-sensing concrete and future recommendations, thus providing a better understanding of implementing the self-sensing technique in construction.
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Qhobosheane, Relebohile George, Monjur Morshed Rabby, Vamsee Vadlamudi, Kenneth Reifsnider, and Rassel Raihan. "Smart Self-Sensing Piezoresistive Composite Materials for Structural Health Monitoring." Ceramics 5, no. 3 (June 21, 2022): 253–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics5030020.
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The use of fiber-reinforced composite materials has widely spread in various sectors, including aerospace, defense, and civil industry. The assessment of these heterogeneous material systems is important for safer and risk-free applications and has contributed to the need for self-sensing composites. This work is focused on the development of piezoresistive composites, the prediction of their performance and structural health monitoring (SHM). Additionally, this work unpacks the complexity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) micro-fabrication and the development of piezoresistive and electromagnetic (EM) waves detection electrodes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the CNTs structure and morphologies. The manufactured CNTs were incorporated in epoxy systems to fabricate glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)-CNTs smart composites with piezoresistive properties. The detection of micro-damage onset and its progression was carried out in mode I, to evaluate the sensitivity of the smart composites to damage development. The change in electrical conductivity of the nanotubes-reinforced composite systems due to localized mechanical strains enabled crack propagation detection. The relationship between crack propagation, fracture toughness, and electrical resistivity of the smart composite was analyzed.
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Saafi, Mohamed, Leung Tang, Jason Fung, Mahbubur Rahman, Fiona Sillars, John Liggat, and Xiangming Zhou. "Graphene/fly ash geopolymeric composites as self-sensing structural materials." Smart Materials and Structures 23, no. 6 (April 16, 2014): 065006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/23/6/065006.
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Guadagno, Liberata, Patrizia Lamberti, Vincenzo Tucci, and Luigi Vertuccio. "Self-Sensing Nanocomposites for Structural Applications: Choice Criteria." Nanomaterials 11, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11040833.
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Epoxy resins containing multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have proven to be suitable for manufacturing promising self-sensing materials to be applied in the automotive and aeronautic sectors. Different parameters concerning morphological and mechanical properties of the hosting matrices have been analyzed to choose the most suitable system for targeted applications. Two different epoxy precursors, the tetrafunctional tetraglycidyl methylene dianiline (TGMDA) and the bifunctional bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) have been considered. Both precursors have been hardened using the same hardener in stoichiometric conditions. The different functionality of the precursor strongly affects the crosslinking density and, as a direct consequence, the electrical and mechanical behavior. The properties exhibited by the two different formulations can be taken into account in order to make the most appropriate choice with respect to the sensing performance. For practical applications, the choice of one formulation rather than another can be performed on the basis of costs, sensitivity, processing conditions, and most of all, mechanical requirements and in-service conditions of the final product. The performed characterization shows that the nanocomposite based on the TGMDA precursor manifests better performance in applications where high values in the glass transition temperature and storage modulus are required.
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Chung, D. D. L. "Carbon materials for structural self-sensing, electromagnetic shielding and thermal interfacing." Carbon 50, no. 9 (August 2012): 3342–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2012.01.031.
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Jiao, Pengcheng, King-James I. Egbe, Yiwei Xie, Ali Matin Nazar, and Amir H. Alavi. "Piezoelectric Sensing Techniques in Structural Health Monitoring: A State-of-the-Art Review." Sensors 20, no. 13 (July 3, 2020): 3730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133730.
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Recently, there has been a growing interest in deploying smart materials as sensing components of structural health monitoring systems. In this arena, piezoelectric materials offer great promise for researchers to rapidly expand their many potential applications. The main goal of this study is to review the state-of-the-art piezoelectric-based sensing techniques that are currently used in the structural health monitoring area. These techniques range from piezoelectric electromechanical impedance and ultrasonic Lamb wave methods to a class of cutting-edge self-powered sensing systems. We present the principle of the piezoelectric effect and the underlying mechanisms used by the piezoelectric sensing methods to detect the structural response. Furthermore, the pros and cons of the current methodologies are discussed. In the end, we envision a role of the piezoelectric-based techniques in developing the next-generation self-monitoring and self-powering health monitoring systems.
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Horszczaruk, E., P. Sikora, and P. Łukowski. "Application of Nanomaterials in Production of Self-Sensing Concretes: Contemporary Developments and Prospects." Archives of Civil Engineering 62, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 61–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2015-0083.
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Abstract In the recent years structural health monitoring (SHM) has gathered spectacular attention in civil engineering applications. Application of such composites enable to improve the safety and performance of structures. Recent advances in nanotechnology have led to development of new family of sensors - self-sensing materials. These materials enable to create the so-called “smart concrete” exhibiting self-sensing ability. Application of self-sensing materials in cement-based materials enables to detect their own state of strain or stress reflected as a change in their electrical properties. The variation of strain or stress is associated with the variation in material’s electrical characteristics, such as resistance or impedance. Therefore, it is possible to efficiently detect and localize crack formation and propagation in selected concrete element. This review is devoted to present contemporary developments in application of nanomaterials in self-sensing cement-based composites and future directions in the field of smart structures.
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Bekzhanova, Zere, Shazim Ali Memon, and Jong Ryeol Kim. "Self-Sensing Cementitious Composites: Review and Perspective." Nanomaterials 11, no. 9 (September 10, 2021): 2355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11092355.
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Self-sensing concrete (SSC) has been vastly studied for its possibility to provide a cost-effective solution for structural health monitoring of concrete structures, rendering it very attractive in real-life applications. In this review paper, comprehensive information about the components of self-sensing concrete, dispersion methods and mix design, as well as the recent progress in the field of self-sensing concrete, has been provided. The information and recent research findings about self-sensing materials for smart composites, their properties, measurement of self-sensing signal and the behavior of self-sensing concrete under different loading conditions are included. Factors influencing the electrical resistance of self-sensitive concrete such as dry-wet cycle, ice formation and freeze thaw cycle and current frequency, etc., which were not covered by previous review papers on self-sensing concrete, are discussed in detail. Finally, major emphasis is placed on the application of self-sensing technology in existing and new structures.
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Pan, Gong Yu, and Shen Shen Wang. "Study on the Vibration Control Based on the Piezoelectric Self-Sensing Vibration Damper." Applied Mechanics and Materials 752-753 (April 2015): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.752-753.739.
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<p>As the sensing element and a driving element for vibration control using smart materials, the structural vibration control is very active field for research and application. This paper mainly study the characteristics of piezoelectric self-sensing vibration .Through the action analysis of research on Piezoelectric Actuator establish a self-sensing piezoelectric vibration damper and a model of self-sensing piezoelectric absorber . Then through the experiment and simulation, get the study on its characteristics.</p>
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Guadagno, Liberata, Raffaele Longo, Francesca Aliberti, Patrizia Lamberti, Vincenzo Tucci, Roberto Pantani, Giovanni Spinelli, Michelina Catauro, and Luigi Vertuccio. "Role of MWCNTs Loading in Designing Self-Sensing and Self-Heating Structural Elements." Nanomaterials 13, no. 3 (January 26, 2023): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13030495.
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This work proposes nanocomposites with carbon nanotubes characterized by self-sensing and self-heating properties. Recently, a growing interest in these two properties has been found in many industrial sectors, especially in the aerospace and automotive fields. While the self-sensing function allows diagnosing the presence of micro-damage in the material thanks to the detection of residual resistance, the self-heating function is exploited to properly tune the heating performance in terms of the heating rate and final temperature values. An electrical percolation value of around 0.5% by weight of carbon nanotubes was found by electrical characterization. The AC conductivity of the nanocomposites, in the range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz, evidences that beyond a CNTs amount of 0.5% wt/wt, they are characterized by a purely resistive behavior. The self-sensing analysis displayed a gauge factor value of 4.1. The solid thermal stability up to 300 °C makes the material suitable as a heating element at high temperatures. SEM investigations and temperature maps evidence a good dispersion of the conductive filler in the epoxy matrix and, consequently, good isotropy in heat distribution. As regards the trend of electrical resistance by varying the temperature, the electro-thermal investigation has shown the presence of both Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) and Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) behaviors with a predominance of NTC as soon as the temperature becomes closer to the glass transition temperature of the epoxy resin.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Self-sensing structural materials"
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Houk, Alexander Nicholas. "SELF-SENSING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIALS." UKnowledge, 2017. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/ce_etds/58.
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The study of self-sensing cementitious materials is a constantly expanding topic of study in the materials and civil engineering fields and refers to the creation and utilization of cement-based materials (including cement paste, cement mortar, and concrete) that are capable of sensing (i.e. measuring) stress and strain states without the use of embedded or attached sensors. With the inclusion of electrically conductive fillers, cementitious materials can become truly self-sensing. Previous researchers have provided only qualitative studies of self-sensing material stress-electrical response. The overall goal of this research was to modify and apply previously developed predictive models on cylinder compression test data in order to provide a means to quantify stress-strain behavior from electrical response. The Vipulanandan and Mohammed (2015) stress-resistivity model was selected and modified to predict the stress state, up to yield, of cement cylinders enhanced with nanoscale iron(III) oxide (nanoFe2O3) particles based on three mix design parameters: nanoFe2O3 content, water-cement ratio, and curing time. With the addition of a nonlinear model, parameter values were obtained and compiled for each combination of nanoFe2O3 content and water-cement ratio for the 28-day cured cylinders. This research provides a procedure and lays the framework for future expansion of the predictive model.
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Chia, Leonard. "Dispersion Effectiveness of Carbon Nanotube Additives in Self-sensing Cementitious Materials for Structural Health Monitoring." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/28251.
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The use of self-sensing materials such as piezo-resistive cementitious materials modified by carbon nanotube (CNTs) additives may be able to achieve a potential real time structural health monitoring in structures. However, due to the small fractions of CNTs in the cementitious materials, the piezo-resistive effect for self-sensing is usually too small to be monitored accurately in field. In this study, a theoretic algorithm is developed to analyze the piezo-resistance of CNTs modified matrix with considerations of CNTs dispersing effectiveness. Three different dispersing methods were investigated using the developed algorithm to search for a method to uniformly disperse the CNTs in cementitious materials. Laboratory experiments showed that the theoretical algorithm analyzed well for all the dispersing effectiveness of the three different methods. The surfactant method is approved to be a very promising approach to disperse CNTs. Further investigation to lower the standard deviation of the co-polymer method are needed in future.
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Le, Dong D. "Electrical resistivity as a measure of change of state in substrates: Design, development and validation of a microprocessor-based system." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2009. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc12149/.
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Smart structures are relevant and significant because of their relevance to phenomena such as hazard mitigation, structural health monitoring and energy saving. Electrical resistance could potentially serve as an indicator of structural well-being or damage in the structure. To this end, the development of a microprocessor-based automated resistance measurement system with customized GUI is desired. In this research, a nodal electrical resistance acquisition circuit (NERAC) system was designed. The system hardware interfaces to a laptop, which houses a customized GUI developed using DAQFactory software. Resistance/impedance was measured using DC/AC methods with four-point probes technique, on three substrates. Baseline reading before damage was noted and compared with the resistance measured after damage. The device was calibrated and validated on three different substrates. Resistance measurements were taken from PVDF samples, composite panels and smart concrete. Results conformed to previous work done on these substrates, validating the effective working of the NERAC device.
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BELLI, ALBERTO. "Comparison between Commercial and Recycled Carbon-Based Fillers and Fibers for the Development of Smart and Sustainable Multifunctional Mortars." Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/263335.
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La società moderna è in gran parte fondata sulle infrastrutture che garantiscono la fornitura di beni, trasporti e mezzi di comunicazione. La loro salvaguardia e il risparmio delle risorse necessarie per il loro funzionamento è di crescente importanza per l’Ingegneria civile. Per questo motivo, la ricerca sui materiali da costruzione si sta concentrando sul riutilizzo di sottoprodotti industriali riciclati, per un’industria edilizia più sostenibile. L’Ingegneria dei materiali, grazie al recente sviluppo di nanomateriali ad alte prestazioni, propone molteplici spunti per la realizzazione di materiali strutturali multifunzionali.
La presente ricerca mira a sviluppare compositi multifunzionali a base di leganti idraulici, con l'aggiunta di filler e fibre a base di carbonio di origine riciclata, ottenuti da sottoprodotti industriali. Sono stati studiati i miglioramenti in termini di resistenze meccaniche e di durabilità, nonché le loro proprietà disinquinanti e fotocatalitiche. Le proprietà elettriche delle miscele sono state studiate, per la valutazione delle capacità di schermatura delle interferenze elettromagnetiche delle aggiunte, e come base di studio per lo sviluppo di materiali auto-sensibili per il monitoraggio strutturale.
Sono state realizzate paste e malte contenenti grafene o altri filler a base di carbonio di origine riciclata (da 0.25 a 4% sul peso del legante) e fibre di carbonio (da 0.05 a 1.6% sul volume della miscela).
Sui composti sono stati eseguiti test di resistenza meccanica e durabilità, nonché test di adsorbimento degli inquinanti, di fotocatalitisi e di resistività elettrica. La sensibilità elettrica alla deformazione è stata valutata misurando la variazione percentuale della resistività su provini soggetti a carichi di compressione semi-statici.
I risultati mostrano che l’aggiunta di filler a base di carbonio riciclati porta a un raffinamento della microstruttura della matrice e a un incremento delle resistenze meccaniche, nonché a un decremento della permeabilità all’acqua. L’aggiunta di micro-fibre di carbonio riciclate porta a un incremento delle resistenze meccaniche a flessione, e a un notevole aumento della conducibilità elettrica (di svariati ordini di grandezza, rispetto ai tradizionali materiali cementizi).Today's society is largely based on infrastructures that guarantee goods, transport and communication networks. Their safeguarding and saving of resources for their operation is becoming increasingly important in the field of building engineering. For this reason, research on building materials is increasingly focused on the re-use of recycled industrial by-products, for a more sustainable construction industry. Materials engineering, thanks to the development of high performance nanomaterials, offers several ideas for the construction of multifunctional building materials. The present research aims to develop multifunctional hydraulic binder-based composite with the addition of recycled carbon-based fillers and fibers obtained from industrial by-products. The enhancement of mechanical strength and durability of the composites have been studied, together with their de-polluting and photocatalytic properties. The electrical properties of the mixtures have been studied to analyze the Electromagnetic interference shielding capability of carbon-based admixtures, and to provide a basis for the development of strain-sensing materials for structural health monitoring. Pastes and mortars containing graphene or other commercial and recycled carbon-based fillers (from 0.25 to 4.0% on binder weight) and fibers (from 0.05 to 1.6% by mixture volume) were realized. Tests of mechanical resistance and durability were performed on the mixtures, together with test of pollutants adsorption, photocatalysis and electrical resistivity. Strain-sensitivity has been evaluated by measuring the fractional change in resistivity of the specimens subjected to quasi-static compressive loads. Results show that the addition of recycled carbon-based fillers leads to a refinement of the matrix microstructure, increasing the mechanical strength and decreasing the water permeability. The addition of recycled carbon micro-fibers leads to an increase in flexural strengths and to a noticeable increase in electrical conductivity (up to several orders of magnitude compared to the traditional cementitious materials).
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(10676238), Hashim Hassan. "On the Use of Metaheuristic Algorithms for Solving Conductivity-to-Mechanics Inverse Problems in Structural Health Monitoring of Self-Sensing Composites." Thesis, 2021.
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Structural health monitoring (SHM) has immense potential to improve the safety of aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures because it allows for continuous, real-time damage prognostication. However, conventional SHM methodologies are limited by factors such as the need for extensive external sensor arrays, inadequate sensitivity to small-sized damage, and poor spatial damage localization. As such, widespread implementation of SHM in engineering structures has been severely restricted. These limitations can be overcome through the use of multi-functional materials with intrinsic self-sensing capabilities. In this area, composite materials with nanofiller-modified polymer matrices have received considerable research interest. The electrical conductivity of these materials is affected by mechanical stimuli such as strain and damage. This is known as the piezoresistive effect and it has been leveraged extensively for SHM in self-sensing materials. However, prevailing conductivity-based SHM modalities suffer from two critical limitations. The first limitation is that the mechanical state of the structure must be indirectly inferred from conductivity changes. Since conductivity is not a structurally relevant property, it would be much more beneficial to know the displacements, strains, and stresses as these can be used to predict the onset of damage and failure. The second limitation is that the precise shape and size of damage cannot be accurately determined from conductivity changes. From a SHM point of view, knowing the precise shape and size of damage would greatly aid in-service inspection and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) of safety-critical structures. The underlying cause of these limitations is that recovering precise mechanics from conductivity presents an under determined and multi-modal inverse problem. Therefore, commonly used inversion schemes such as gradient-based optimization methods fail to produce physically meaningful solutions. Instead, metaheuristic search algorithms must be used in conjunction with physics-based damage models and realistic constraints on the solution search space. To that end, the overarching goal of this research is to address the limitations of conductivity-based SHM by developing metaheuristic algorithm-enabled methodologies for recovering precise mechanics from conductivity changes in self-sensing composites.
Three major scholarly contributions are made in this thesis. First, a piezoresistive inversion methodology is developed for recovering displacements, strains, and stresses in an elastically deformed self-sensing composite based on observed conductivity changes. For this, a genetic algorithm (GA) is integrated with an analytical piezoresistivity model and physics-based constraints on the search space. Using a simple stress based failure criterion, it is demonstrated that this approach can be used to accurately predict material failure. Second, the feasibility of using other widely used metaheuristic algorithms for piezoresistive inversion is explored. Specifically, simulated annealing (SA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used and their performances are compared to the performance of the GA. It is concluded that while SA and PSO can certainly be used to solve the piezoresistive inversion problem, the GA is the best algorithm based on solution accuracy, consistency, and efficiency. Third, a novel methodology is developed for precisely determining damage shape and size from observed conductivity changes in self-sensing composites. For this, a GA is integrated with physics-based geometric models for damage and suitable constraints on the search space. By considering two specific damage modes —through-holes and delaminations —it is shown that this method can be used to precisely reconstruct the shape and size of damage.
In achieving these goals, this thesis advances the state of the art by addressing critical limitations of conductivity-based SHM. The methodologies developed herein can enable unprecedented NDE capabilities by providing real-time information about the precise mechanical state (displacements, strains, and stresses) and damage shape in self-sensing composites. This has incredible potential to improve the safety of structures in a myriad of engineering venues.
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Meoni, Andrea. "Smart brick for post-earthquake assessment of masonry buildings." Doctoral thesis, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1294499.
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A wide part of the European built heritage consists of masonry constructions originally designed with very limited if not completely absent earthquake resisting criteria, exposing the structures to possible fragile collapse mechanisms during earthquakes. Therefore, it is evident that the evaluation of the health state of these types of buildings after a seismic event plays a fundamental role in the preservation of human life and the historical and cultural building heritage. Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) systems represent a possible solution to this problem by allowing the assessment of the structural performance of the monitored construction during its service life, even in real-time or rapidly after an earthquake, as well as enabling scheduling of maintenance and retrofitting interventions. Although the usefulness of such systems is widely recognized, their application on masonry constructions is still limited due to practical drawbacks experienced in the use of the off-the-shelf sensing technologies. Recent developments in materials engineering introduced in the field of SHM the use of smart materials obtained by doping traditional construction materials, such as cement-based ones, with conductive fillers capable of improving the electrical and sensing properties of the base matrix, giving to the composite the capability of detecting changes in its strain conditions through the output of specific electrical signals. This Ph.D. thesis extends a similar concept to masonry buildings investigating the innovative smart brick technology, which consists of clay bricks doped with suitable conductive fillers and thus capable of revealing changes in their strain conditions by leveraging on their improved piezoresistive capability, i.e. by varying their electrical outputs accordingly.
The Thesis aims to promote the development of this newly conceived technology by addressing the missing/incomplete aspects in the reference literature, with the main objective of comprehensively designing, producing, and characterizing a reliable smart sensing device suitable for seismic SHM of masonry constructions. The choice of the most suitable conductive filler, the type of electrodes to be used for electrical measurements, the production process, and the sensing principle of the smart bricks are investigated. Furthermore, experiments are carried out to properly characterize the electrical, electromechanical, physical, and mechanical properties of such brick-like sensors. The Thesis also proposes two meaningful full-scale applications of the smart brick technology to demonstrate the effectiveness of the novel sensors in detecting and locating damages developed on masonry constructions, in particular, by focusing the attention on those induced by earthquake loading. Strategies for performing damage detection and localization by processing the measurements from the smart bricks are therefore proposed, while mechanical models are built to reproduce the performed experimental tests with the aim of numerically interpreting the outputs from the novel sensors physically installed within the tested specimens. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed new formulation of smart bricks can be effectively employed for the post-earthquake assessment of masonry constructions, bringing the technology to a readiness level that is mature for field validation.
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(9533396), Goon mo Koo. "On the development of Macroscale Modeling Strategies for AC/DC Transport-Deformation Coupling in Self-Sensing Piezoresistive Materials." Thesis, 2020.
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Sensing of mechanical state is critical in diverse fields including biomedical implants, intelligent robotics, consumer technology interfaces, and integrated structural health monitoring among many others. Recently, materials that are self-sensing via the piezoresistive effect (i.e. having deformation-dependent electrical conductivity) have received much attention due to their potential to enable intrinsic, material-level strain sensing with lesser dependence on external/ad hoc sensor arrays. In order to effectively use piezoresistive materials for strain-sensing, however, it is necessary to understand the deformation-resistivity change relationship. To that end, many studies have been conducted to model the piezoresistive effect, particularly in nanocomposites which have been modified with high aspect-ratio carbonaceous fillers such as carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers. However, prevailing piezoresistivity models have important limitations such as being limited to microscales and therefore being computationally prohibitive for macroscale analyses, considering only simple deformations, and having limited accuracy. These are important issues because small errors or delays due to these challenges can substantially mitigate the effectiveness of strain-sensing via piezoresistivity. Therefore, the first objective of this thesis is to develop a conceptual framework for a piezoresistive tensorial relation that is amenable to arbitrary deformation, macroscale analyses, and a wide range of piezoresistive material systems. This was achieved by postulating a general higher-order resistivity-strain relation and fitting the general model to experimental data for carbon nanofiber-modified epoxy (as a representative piezoresistive material with non-linear resistivity-strain relations) through the determination of piezoresistive constants. Lastly, the proposed relation was validated experimentally against discrete resistance changes collected over a complex shape and spatially distributed resistivity changes imaged via electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with very good correspondence. Because of the generality of the proposed higher-order tensorial relation, it can be applied to a wide variety of material systems (e.g. piezoresistive polymers, cementitious, and ceramic composites) thereby lending significant potential for broader impacts to this work.
Despite the expansive body of work on direct current (DC) transport, DC-based methods have important limitations which can be overcome via alternating current (AC)-based self-sensing. Unfortunately, comparatively little work has been done on AC transport-deformation modeling in self-sensing materials. Therefore, the second objective of this thesis is to establish a conceptual framework for the macroscale modeling of AC conductivity-strain coupling in piezoresistive materials. For this, the universal dielectric response (UDR) as described by Joncsher's power law for AC conductivity was fit to AC conductivity versus strain data for CNF/epoxy (again serving as a representative self-sensing material). It was found that this power law does indeed accurately describe deformation-dependent AC conductivity and power-law fitting constants are non-linear in both normal and shear strain. Curiously, a piezoresistive switching behavior was also observed during this testing. That is, positive piezoresistivity (i.e. decreasing AC conductivity with increasing tensile strain) was observed at low frequencies and negative piezoresistivity (i.e. increasing AC conductivity with increasing tensile strain) was observed at high frequencies. Consequently, there exists a point of zero piezoresistivity (i.e. frequency at which AC conductivity does not change with deformation) between these behaviors. Via microscale computational modeling, it was discovered that changing inter-filler tunneling resistance acting in parallel with inter-filler capacitance is the physical mechanism of this switching behavior.
Book chapters on the topic "Self-sensing structural materials"
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Nivetha, B., and D. Suji. "Evaluating the Self-sensing Property of Carbon Fiber Incorporated Geopolymer Composite for Structural Health Monitoring Applications." In Advances in Sustainable Construction Materials, 691–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4590-4_64.
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Tansel, Derya Z., Jennifer A. Yasui, Benjamin J. Katko, Alexandria N. Marchi, and Adam J. Wachtor. "Material Characterization of Self-Sensing 3D Printed Parts." In Special Topics in Structural Dynamics, Volume 6, 149–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53841-9_13.
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Chung, D. D. L. "Self-sensing structural composites in aerospace engineering." In Advanced Composite Materials for Aerospace Engineering, 295–331. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-100037-3.00010-9.
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"Self-Sensing of Carbon Fiber Polymer-Matrix Structural Composites." In Applied Materials Science, 89–112. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420040975-9.
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"Self-Sensing of Carbon Fiber Polymer-Matrix Structural Composites." In Applied Materials Science. CRC Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420040975.ch6.
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Ou, J., H. Li, and W. Zhou. "A study on self-sensing properties of carbon fibre sheet as structural materials in civil engineering." In World Forum on Smart Materials and Smart Structures Technology. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828441.ch65.
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Vargas-Bernal, Rafael, and Margarita Tecpoyotl-Torres. "Nanocomposites for Space Applications." In Research Anthology on Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Nanomaterials, 1681–705. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8591-7.ch070.
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A review on the advances achieved in the last 25 years in the development of hybrid nanocomposites based on polymer matrix for aerospace applications is presented here. The chapter analyzes the state-of-the-art strategies used in the design of materials that support the different conditions of the space environment. These materials are aimed primarily at structural applications, electromagnetic interference shielding, self-sensing, and self-healing, although they are not restricted to these applications. The introduction of metallic, ceramic, carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, as well as two-dimensional materials have been used with a successful impact. Despite the significant advances that have been reached, much work must be done to achieve complete reliability for all properties required to protect the systems against the hazardous conditions found in space. Therefore, futuristic visions of the actions that must be carried out are raised in this chapter.
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Vargas-Bernal, Rafael, and Margarita Tecpoyotl-Torres. "Nanocomposites for Space Applications." In Diverse Applications of Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites, 191–222. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1530-3.ch008.
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A review on the advances achieved in the last 25 years in the development of hybrid nanocomposites based on polymer matrix for aerospace applications is presented here. The chapter analyzes the state-of-the-art strategies used in the design of materials that support the different conditions of the space environment. These materials are aimed primarily at structural applications, electromagnetic interference shielding, self-sensing, and self-healing, although they are not restricted to these applications. The introduction of metallic, ceramic, carbon-based nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes and graphene, as well as two-dimensional materials have been used with a successful impact. Despite the significant advances that have been reached, much work must be done to achieve complete reliability for all properties required to protect the systems against the hazardous conditions found in space. Therefore, futuristic visions of the actions that must be carried out are raised in this chapter.
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GARCIA, EPHRAHIM, and LOWELL DALE JONES. "SELF-SENSING CONTROL APPLIED TO SMART MATERIAL SYSTEMS." In Structronic Systems: Smart Structures, Devices and Systems, 37–60. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812817358_0002.
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Gu, Baocheng, Renwen Chen, and Qiang Liu. "Research on signal separation of self-sensing piezoelectric actuator." In World Forum on Smart Materials and Smart Structures Technology. CRC Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781439828441.ch282.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Self-sensing structural materials"
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Doengi, F., D. Dinkler, and B. Kroeplin. "Active panel flutter suppression using self-sensing piezoactuators." In 36th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1995-1078.
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ANDERSON, ERIC, NESBITT HAGOOD, and JAY GOODLIFFE. "Self-sensing piezoelectric actuation - Analysis and application to controlled structures." In 33rd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-2465.
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Leo, Donald, and Douglas Limpert. "Self-sensing technique for active acoustic attenuation." In 40th Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1999-1530.
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Liu, Yingtao, Abhishek Rajadas, and Aditi Chattopadhyay. "Self-Sensing and Self-Healing of Structural Damage in Fiber Reinforced Composites." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3245.
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Carbon fiber reinforced composites have been used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures. Due to the nature of material, multiple types of structural damage including micro matrix cracks and delaminations can significant degrade the integrity and safety of composites. It is difficult to detect and repair such damage since they are always barely visible to the naked eye. This paper presents the development of self-sensing and self-healing functions in order to detect damage progression and conduct in-situ damage repair in composite structures. Carbon nanotubes, which are highly conductive materials, are uniformly distributed within epoxy to develop the self-sensing capability. Shape memory polymer is used in the hot spot to obtain the self-healing capability. The developed multi-functional material is applied to carbon fiber reinforced composites for the autonomic detection and heal the matrix cracking. Experimental results showed that the developed composite materials are capable of detecting and healing the matrix cracks and delaminations. The developed self-healing material has the potential to be used as a novel structural material in mechanical, civil, aerospace applications. It can be used to detect and in-situ repair matrix damage induced by low velocity impacts and fatigues.
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Fabriani, Federico, and Giulia Lanzara. "Self-Sensing Composite Materials With Intelligent Fabrics." In ASME 2019 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2019-5684.
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Abstract The excellent piezoelectric properties of Polyvinyl Fluoride (PVDF), its low cost, ease of workability and high chemical resistance, make it very useful to develop sensing devices for structural health monitoring applications (SHM). However, challenges occur when the devices need to be embedded into a hosting material or structure which could instead be damaged. In this study, the PVDF device is transformed into an ultralight and porous piezoelectric mat formed by ultra-long and randomly distributed micro fibers. The piezoelectric mat is embedded into a glass fiber (GF) composite by intercalating it with the GF layers during the lay-up process. This approach allows the realization of an intelligent composite that is capable to self-monitor its strain or vibrations during inservice life.
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Dinesh, A. "Carbon-Based Nanomaterial Embedded Self-Sensing Cement Composite for Structural Health Monitoring of Concrete Beams - A Extensive Review." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-25.
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Abstract. Structural health monitoring has proven to be a dependable source for ensuring the integrity of the structure. It also aids in detecting and estimating the progression of cracks and the loss of structural performance. The most compelling components in the structural health monitoring system are sensing material and sensor technology. In health monitoring systems, fiber optic sensors, strain gauges, temperature sensors, shape memory alloys, and other types of sensors are commonly used. Even though the sensors bring monetary value to the system, they have some apparent drawbacks. As a result, self-sensing cement composite was established as a sensor alternative with better endurance and compatibility than sensors. Carbon nanotubes, nanofibers, graphene nanoplates, and graphene oxide are carbon-based nanomaterials with unique mechanical and electrical properties. As a result, this review comprises a complete assessment of the fresh, mechanical, and electrical properties of self-sensing cement composite developed using carbon-based nanoparticles. The research also focuses on the self-monitoring performance of cement composite in concrete beams, both bulk and embedded, by graphing the deviation of fractional change in resistivity with strain. The network channel development of carbon-based nanomaterials in cement composites and their characterization acquired using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-Ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) research are also comprehensively discussed. According to the study, increasing carbon-based embedment decreased the relative slump and flowability while increasing the composite's compressive, split tensile, flexural, and post-peak performance. Also, the amount of carbon in the carbon-based nanomaterial directly relates to the composite's conductivity. As a result, the development of piezoresistive and sensing capabilities in carbon-based self-sensing cement composites not only improves mechanical and conductive properties but also serves as a sensor in structural health monitoring of flexural members.
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Onoda, Junjiro, Kanjuro Makihara, and Takuya Yabu. "Self-Sensing Actuator for Semi-Active Vibration Suppression." In 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2005-1962.
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Dinesh, A. "Development of Self-Sensing Cement Composite Using Nanomaterials for Structural Health Monitoring of Concrete Columns – A Comprehensive Review." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-23.
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Abstract. Due to age, structural deterioration, and other factors, concrete constructions such as beams and columns will inevitably deteriorate. The growth of nanomaterials and recent advances in multidisciplinary research has broadened cement composites' applicability in various fields. A self-sensing cement composite can detect its own deformation, strain, and stress by changing its electrical characteristics, which may be measured with electrical resistivity. Carbon-based nanomaterials, such as carbon fiber, carbon black, and carbon nanotube, have a strong potential to increase cement composite's mechanical (strength) and electrical (resistivity, sensitivity) potentials due to their remarkable strength and conductivity. Due to the artificial integration of conductive carbon-based components will generate piezoresistive properties in typical cement composites, transforming them into self-sensing cement composites. As a result, the review focuses primarily on the development of nanoparticle-based self-sensing cement composites and their use in the health monitoring of structural columns. This research critically examines the materials used, fabrication techniques, strength, and sensing methodologies used to develop the self-sensing cement composite. The difficulties of commercializing self-sensing cement composites, as well as potential solutions, are also highlighted. According to the review, the difference in Poisson ratio and youngs modulus between the self-sensing cement composite and columns leads the self-sensing cement composite to have different strength and conductivity before and after embedding in columns. According to the study, the addition of conductive material diminishes the composite's workability due to its large specific surface area. Because of the well-distributed conductive network, the composite's resistivity is significantly lowered. The study also shows that the inclusion of a self-sensing cement composite has no bearing capacity influence on the column. Finally, according to the review, the self-sensing cement composite has the ability to monitor the health of structural columns.
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Huston, Dryver, and David Hurley. "Smart Self Sealing Pressure Vessels and Structural Panels." In ASME 2010 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2010-3830.
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Structural systems that autonomously repair damage have the potential for enhanced longevities and performance envelopes. This paper addresses the issue of autonomously sensing and controlling self-repair processes in structural systems. Such an approach has the potential to expand upon self healing materials technology to the development of engineered smart self-healing structural systems. This involves coordinating damage-sensing capabilities with control of the healing processes. Much of the conceptual underpinning of this work comes from biological systems that routinely combine sensing with healing actions that span multiple spatial and temporal scales. The specific details and modalities of the response depend on the extent and vital threat of the damage. Coordination of antagonistic repair and material remodeling processes with a self-aware sense of health is an essential part of the process. This paper describes the results of experimental and system development efforts that attempt to mimic some aspects of coordinated self-healing in structural systems. This research expands and demonstrates the enhancement of autonomous repair techniques through the coordinated damage sensing and directed repair activities with test bed pressure vessels and structural panels that have been damaged by puncture and drilling of holes. Acoustic emission, embedded optical and capacitance sensors detect the damage. Thermoplastic repair techniques are initiated upon repair detection and localization of damage. Autonomous leak repair in pneumatic pressure vessels and panels with perforations up to 3 mm upon detection and localization of the damage are demonstrated.
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MARCHI, ALEXANDRIA, ALESSANDRO CATTANEO, JASON BOSSERT, JOSEPH DUMONT, SEUNG JIN SEE, GAUTAM GUPTA, CHARLES FARRAR, and DAVID MASCARENAS. "A Remotely Readable, Self-authenticating Tamper Evident Seal Based on Graphene-based Materials and Compressive Sensing." In Structural Health Monitoring 2015. Destech Publications, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/shm2015/269.
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