Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Self-organization of nanoparticles'
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Nuermaimaiti, Ajiguli. "Studies on the Self-organization of Colloidal Nanoparticles at Interfaces." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-130780.
Full textJohnson, Christopher James. "Morphological control and self-organization of inorganic nanoparticles and nanostructures." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411088.
Full textZhang, Ren. "Directed Self-Organization of Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles in Polymer Thin Films." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1474652610501406.
Full textLiu, Zeming. "Self-organization of metallic nanoparticles in waveguides by laser : mechanisms modelling and new approaches." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSES073/document.
Full textThis doctoral thesis focuses on the study of laser-induced self-organization of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) in TiO2 thin layers. This laser technique was recently developed to provide original printing solutions for applications like active color displays, security, or polarization imaging. Here, we investigate experimentally and theoretically the different mechanisms involved in the NPs formation for a better control of their morphology and organization. In the case of continuous-wave (cw) laser, our experimental results prove that the speed at which the laser scans the sample surface is a crucial parameter to control the NP size and the laser-induced temperature rise. Ag NPs shrink at low scan speed, whereas growth governed by a thermal effect only occurs above a speed threshold. Above this threshold, the size of grown Ag NPs changes in a non-monotonous way with scan speed, whereas laser-induced temperature rise increases with speed. In order to explain these counter-intuitive behaviors, several numerical models have been developed to simulate changes in the size distribution of Ag NPs induced by visible light. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental observations and reveal the origin of the observed phenomena by collective interactions of various physico-chemical processes involved in the variation of NPs size. Finally, this thesis demonstrates that self-organization of NPs at sub-wavelength scale on large areas can also be performed with femtosecond (fs) laser pulses. Oriented anisotropic growth of NPs has also been observed using a proper selection of laser irradiation parameters. Compared with the cw laser induced structures, fs pulses offer better control of the thermal effect and NP size, which opens the way to transfer these technologies on plastic or paper substrates
Anop, Hanna. "Directing through low ionic strength, free polymers and metallic nanoparticles the self-organization of viral rod-shaped colloids." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BORD0119.
Full textFilamentous bacteriophages, due to their unique physical properties, such as size monodispersity and high colloidal stability, are widely used in soft condensed matter as a system of rod-shaped colloids. In aqueous dispersions, self-organization of these viruses has been shown to be essentially driven by entropy, which means purely repulsive (hard core) interactions between viral particles. In this thesis, by varying the nature of the interactions between viral rods, we have studied their resulting self-organization into liquid crystalline phases. For this purpose, we have first investigated the system of purely repulsive rods at very low ionic strength, where thick electric double layers are present. The phase behavior of virus suspensions at very low ionic strength has been determined using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and optical microscopy techniques. We have found that the Smectic-A phase is not stable in case of high electrostatic repulsion between viral particles and that the system undergoes a direct Cholesteric to Smectic-B phase transition by increasing rod concentration. Moreover, our results evidence that viruses with thick double layers do not form colloidal glasses at high concentrations, which contradicts recently reported findings for the same system.In a second part, we have tuned viral particle interactions from purely repulsive to attractive ones by adding non-adsorbing polymers in their suspensions, which act as depletant agent. By using polymers with coil size comparable to the rod diameter, virus self-organization initiated from the Cholesteric liquid crystalline phase results in a growth of original chiral superstructures, called helical bundles. Viruses are mostly oriented along the main bundle axis and exhibit long-range positional order, as proved by SAXS and by single particle tracking using optical microscopy. Phase diagrams of virus/polymer two-component mixtures as well as the stability with time of the resultant helical superstructures have been determined and compared for two different polymer sizes.In the last part, we have increased Van der Waals attractive interactions in our viral system by introducing gold nanoparticles into self-assembled hybrid virus-based colloids. Thus, different hybrid virus-based colloids consisting of one (scepter-like) or two (diblocks) viral filaments attached to the same gold nanoparticle have been produced. This approach using gold nanobead has been extended to link together two bacteriophages of different lengths to achieve asymmetric colloidal diblocks. Self-organization of scepter-like particles and symmetrical diblocks driven by soft effective attraction has been explored and the corresponding phase diagrams have been established. We have found that Van der Waals attractive interactions between gold nanobeads incorporated into hybrid colloids favor formation of Smectic-B like fibrils in which virus particles are organized in periodic layers separated by layers of gold nanobeads. Finally, we have studied the effect of introducing a weak asymmetry into hybrid virus-based colloids and investigated the possible segregation of their respective blocks through the formation of the lamellar Smectic-A phase.Overall, we have demonstrated an efficient way to control self-organization of virus-based colloids by varying interactions between them, which results in formation of various original self-assembled morphologies
Sharma, Nipun. "Self-organization of silver nanoparticles with femtosecond laser in TiO2 matrix : Applications to plasmonic colours, multiple hidden images and Colour Image-Multiplexing." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSES032.
Full textSelf-organization of metallic nanoparticles in a medium is an efficient and a low-cost way to produce plasmonic systems that can be used for applications to active colour display, image encoding, and security. Such nanocomposite systems must be synthesized in form of stable films which could be coated on any kind of surface for laser processing. This doctoral thesis focuses on laser‐induced self‐organization of nanocomposite thin films of silver and mesoporous titania.In this work, we first investigate synthesizing mesoporous TiO2 thin films using hydrolytic process, which is easy to implement, to provide crystallized films starting at 100°C. First activation energies in mesoporous TiO2 films using Raman spectroscopy in combination with the phonon quantum confinement model are reported in this work. Further, growth mechanisms of nanocrystals in mesoporous TiO2 films are investigated in form of ellipsometric measurements highlighting its effect on film porosity and crystallinity with annealing temperature.The second study demonstrates fabrication of different nanocomposite structures using femtosecond laser scanning technique, triggering growth and self-organization of silver nanoparticles inside porous amorphous titania matrix giving rise to plasmonic dichroic colours. Further investigation on the parametric study of such nanocomposites gives rise to different nanostructures at two different scan speed regimes, which are formed at the surface and are embedded below due to excitation of surface and the guided modes. The flexibility of this laser-based marking technology also allows to fabricate hybrid nanostructures composed of different adjacent nanostructure types, interlaced to cover large areas. An extension of this study is concluded on plastic/flexible substrates to encode diffractive printed images. Here surface nanostructures (LIPSS) are formed by using the control of laser polarization and thus grating orientation, which is used to encode grey-level images that can be observed in diffraction modes.Further, this study is concluded by producing three image multiplexing which can be observed in three selected modes of observation under white light in reflection with non-polarized light and transmission between polarizers for two different polarization angles. This is due to the fact that the film birefringence and dichroism can be controlled to produce unprecedented colour gamuts for multiplexing. Such smart laser processing on nanocomposite thin films gives rise to artistic and security applications by encoding different images up to three under same area
Cao, Xue-Zheng, Holger Merlitz, Chen-Xu Wu, Goran Ungar, and Jens-Uwe Sommer. "A theoretical study of dispersion-to-aggregation of nanoparticles in adsorbing polymers using molecular dynamics simulations." Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36333.
Full textБадалян, Анна Юріївна, Анна Юрьевна Бадалян, and Anna Yuriivna Badalian. "Формування та режими руху ансамблів наночастинок в рамках статистичної теорії." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2018. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/68324.
Full textДиссертационная работа посвящена разработке оптимальных теоретических моделей, позволяющих описывать поведение наночастиц на микроскопическом уровне с учетом свойств неаддитивности и коллективное поведение ансамблей наночастиц в процессе самоорганизации. Так как концепция самоорганизации является обобщением физического понятия фазового перехода, то изложенный в работе феноменологический подход следует считать развитием схемы термодинамических преобразований на открытые сложные системы. Для подтверждения общности синергетической теории исследуется несколько подходов при описании поведения ансамблей наночастиц. В литературном обзоре были обозначены цели и задачи диссертационной работы, обоснована актуальность исследования. Для каждого из исследованных процессов самоорганизации был определен минимальный набор степеней свободы. Представлены несколько систем дифференциальных уравнений, позволяющие самостоятельно описать процесс самоорганизации ансамблей наночастиц. Найденные стационарные значения основных параметров, определяемые решениями систем дифференциальных уравнений. Также исследована динамика процесса самоорганизации наночастиц; изучена стохастическая картина самоорганизации с помощью флуктуаций основных параметров системы; построена статистическая картина перехода между различными режимами движения наночастиц; в рамках микроскопического подхода исследованы свойства основных параметров наносистем; проанализирована феноменологическая модель перехода между парамагнитным и магнитоупорядоченным состояниями нанокластерной системы по механизму фазового перехода первого рода с учетом межкластерного взаимодействия и действия внешнего давления; найдена температурная зависимость стационарного значения относительной намагниченности и критическое значение давления, при котором возможен переход.
The thesis is devoted to the development of optimal theoretical models that allow describing the behavior of nanoparticles at a microscopic level, taking into account the properties of nonadditivity and the collective behavior of ensembles of nanoparticles in the process of self-organization. Since the concept of self-organization is a generalization of the physical concept of a phase transition, the phenomenological approach presented in this paper should be considered as an evolution of the scheme of thermodynamic transformations to open complex systems. To confirm the generality of the synergetic theory, several approaches are considered in describing the behavior of ensembles of nanoparticles. In the literary review, the goals and objectives of the dissertation work were identified, the relevance of the study was substantiated. For each of the self-organization processes studied, a minimum set of degrees of freedom was defined. Several systems of differential equations are presented that allow one to describe independently the process of self-organization of ensembles of nanoparticles. The stationary values of the basic parameters, determined by solutions of systems of differential equations, are found. The dynamics of the self-organization of nanoparticles was also studied; the stochastic picture of self-organization by means of fluctuations of the basic parameters of the system is studied; a statistical picture of the transition between different regimes of motion of nanoparticles is constructed; in the framework of a microscopic approach, the properties of the main parameters of nanosystems were investigated; the phenomenological model of the transition between the paramagnetic and magnetically ordered states of a nanocluster system is analyzed by the mechanism of the first-order phase transition, taking into account the intercluster interaction and the action of external pressure; the temperature dependence of the stationary value of the relative magnetization and the critical value of the pressure at which the transition is possible are found.
Gharbi, Ines. "Films cristal liquide polymérisés et auto-organisation de nanoparticules d’or." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS286.
Full textWe study composite systems liquid crystals / polymers / nanoparticles. We use liquid crystal distortions to control the induced nanoparticle organization and also the polymerization of liquid crystal matrices that ensures the stability of the composites and allows to diversify the imaging and optical characterization techniques. First of all, we are interested in nematic and cholesteric liquid crystal films, with and without polymer, in the absence and in the presence of nanoparticles, the latter being chosen as spherical gold nanoparticles of diameter 6nm. Subsequently, we were interested in the polymerization of the so-called smectic oily streaks. The comparison between the different behaviors of the nanoparticles when isolated in solution or gathered and self-organized on a PVA substrate without liquid crystal (LC) or on a substrate with nematic or cholesteric LC, allowed us to understand how the nanoparticles and the matrix interact to reach the final structure of the composite system, characterized by new optical properties of the nanoparticles. We have established how a nematic matrix allows to preserve an almost perfect hexagonal order for gold nanoparticles deposited on the surface, while bringing them closer to each other (induced compression of the monolayer formed) to decrease disorder and distortion induced in the matrix, which significantly shifts the plasmon resonance of the gold nanoparticles. We have also demonstrated that the nanoparticles induce a change of orientation of the nematic molecules towards a tilted orientation, accompanied by a dewetting phenomenon of the matrix on top of the nanoparticles. The transition from a nematic matrix to a cholesteric matrix preserves the hexagonal order of the compressed monolayer for the nanoparticles but with an enhanced disorder, locally induced by the larger elastic distortion close to the air/interface and more specifically at the bottom of the undulations of the cholesteric matrix, which was evidenced by a simulation of a frustrated cholesteric between the two anchoring, planar on PVA and homeotrope with air. The cholesteric modulation structure acts as a mold so that the nanoparticles reproduce on the mesoscopic scale the cholesteric texture at the interface by forming ribbons that perfectly mimic the cholesteric modulations. We again evidence a phenomenon of dewetting, but smaller than for the nematic, in relation with the localization of the nanoparticles in the cholesteric tilted areas above the region of strong cholesteric splay distortion. Within the same cholesteric matrix, the increase of the concentration of nanoparticles causes a profound change in the optical properties of the nanoparticles. We show that it is related to the establishment of new structures for the nanoparticles, always induced by the modulated structure of cholesteric, which, in return is only slightly modified. As the concentration increases, one passes from a monolayer of highly disordered and compressed two-dimensional labyrinths up to 3D structures (aggregates) of controlled size and shape. The optical properties are modified in relation with a strong strengthening of the electromagnetic interaction between nanoparticles. The nanoparticles occupy the overall surface of the cholesteric modulations, which no longer play the role of mold, but are found to be truncated at the surface by the presence of nanoparticles. The fact that the modulated cholesterics is only poorly modified highlights the robustness of this cholesteric structure, but also the combined influence of the cholesteric elastic distortions and of the nanoparticle-induced anchoring on the nanoparticle organization and in return on the induced optical properties. Moreover, concerning the polymerization of smectic oily streaks, we have succeeded to preserve the smectic A texture in the nematic phase, in relation with the creation of a particularly robust polymer skeleton that mimics the initial smectic texture
Achkar, Charbel. "Etudes de nanostructures magnétiques auto-organisées et épitaxiées par synthèse organométallique en solution sur des surfaces cristallines." Thesis, Toulouse, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAT0037/document.
Full textThe elaboration of this thesis aims to characterize the magnetic and structural properties of magnetic nanostructures obtained by a new mixed physical / chemical synthesis method, called hybrid growth. The first part of the work consists in the development of thin metal films on substrates by cathode sputtering. Furthermore, the chemical synthesis conducted by organometallic chemistry on those thin films, results in an array of ultra-dense Co monocristallins hcp nanowires, or nanostructured Fe films. Additionally, The SEM/TEM observations and the X-ray diffraction measurements conducted on the substrates and induced by the crystlalline structure of the thin film, show the high impact on the magnetic nanostructures morphology and growth direction.Moreover, the magnetic measurements executed on the Co nanowires array show a strong magnetic anisotropy perpendicular to the substrate. This observation is obtained due to the magnetocrystalline anisotropy acting along the nanowire axis (Co hcp structure with the c axis parallel to the nanowire axis) in the same direction of the nanowires shape anisotropy. The magnetization within these structures is thermally stable. It follows a coherent magnetization reversal mode that has not been observed in the polycrystalline structures up to now. Finally, the self-organization of the nanowires as well as their high density and stable magnetization nominate this system for their application in high density magnetic storage devices
Chen, Kai. "Self-organization on Nanoparticle Surfaces for Plasmonic and Nonlinear Optical Applications." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30111.
Full textPh. D.
Wu, Cheng. "Hybrid colloidal molecules from self-assembly of viral rod-like particles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0133.
Full textIn this thesis, the self-assembly of rod-like viral particles, specifically the M13 bacteriophages, into colloidal molecules is studied. As the first method, the affinity of streptavidin to biotin or Strep-tag is used and quantitatively compared. In this case, both biologically engineered M13-AS displaying Strep-tags and chemically biotinylated M13C7C viruses have reacted with streptavidin activated nanoparticles via their functionalized proximal ends. This results in star-like colloidal molecules, whose valency – or number of viruses par structure – can be solely controlled by tuning the initial molar excess. However, the stability of these colloidal molecules is limited by streptavidin release and degradation. Thus, we develop the second method based on the sulfur—metal interactions, which is more convenient and reliable. Thanks to the exposed disulfide groups located at p3 proteins, metallic nanoparticles are able to bind to proximal ends of the M13 virus. The generic feature of this method is verified by using different metals and two virus strains including wt-M13. Afterwards, the control of the valency is explored by varying the initial molar excess, the nanoparticle size and the ionic strength. A quantitative model is built correspondingly, using the surface area of Au nanobead and the effective electrostatic diameter of the virus as variables, which accounts for the assembly of colloidal molecules with desired valencies. This method is further applied to assemble heterobifunctional diblocks by using filamentous viruses as building units. As a proof-of-concept experiment, bicolored diblocks are produced and tracked by each block simultaneously. Overall, we demonstrate the synthesis of a new generation of hybrid colloidal molecules, whose self-organization could serve as a promising means to create novel hierarchical biologic/inorganic superstructures that may find applications in materials science
Qdemat, Asma Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] [Brückel, and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Mayer. "Nanoparticle assemblies: order by self-organization and collective magnetism / Asma Qdemat ; Thomas Brückel, Joachim Mayer." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1229938818/34.
Full textVannoy, Charles Harvey. "Behavioral Effects of Functionalized CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots in Self-Organization and Protein Fibrillation." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/431.
Full textGao, Jie. "Tuning the chiroptical properties of Goldhelices through their nanostructure optimization and hierarchical organization." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0138/document.
Full textChiral materials can have strong influence on the propagation of light and have attracted attention in the nano-science community. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs), stable plasmonic materials in the visible range (400-800 nm), are attractive objects as building blocks for optical materials. We have designed and obtained Goldhelices by grafting GNPs on silica nano-helical structures. The work presented in this thesis aims at developing tunable Goldhelices and organizing them in order to enhance, modify, reduce or even eliminate the chiroptical properties. The details of the nanostructures as well as the kinetics of formation of organic self-assembly which is used as templates for the formation of Goldhelices are fully studied. The hierarchical organization of the Goldhelices is investigated by the use of three techniques, the microfluidics, the dip-coating and the grazing incident spraying. Finally, the effect of the organization on their optical properties are characterized by chiral spectroscopies and Mueller matrix polarization ellipsometry. We demonstrate that such a system can be used for the creation of linear or circular polarizer where such polarization is solely tunable by the organization of the Goldhelices
Lepcio, Petr. "Příprava a charakterizace samouspořádávacích polymerních nanokompozitů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217011.
Full textFan, Yinan. "Rational synthesis of plasmonic/catalytic bimetallic nanocrystals for catalysis." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS189.pdf.
Full textAmong several nanocatalysts, those based on noble metal NPs deserve particular attention because of their electronic, chemical and even optical properties (in the case of plasmonic-enhanced transformations). Platinum or palladium are well known for their remarkable catalytic properties, but they are expensive and their resources are limited. In addition, single component nanocatalysts can only lead to a limited range of chemical reactions. Thus, our strategy was to develop bimetallic nanocatalysts composed of two metal elements that can exhibit synergistic effects between their physicochemical properties and enhanced catalytic activity. We have thus designed bimetallic nanocatalysts of the core-shell type composed of a silver core and a platinum shell. The interest is to combine the high and efficient catalytic activities of the platinum shell surface with the highly energetic silver core capable of enhancing the activities of the shell through its plasmonic properties. In addition, these bimetallic NPs often exhibit superior catalytic activity due to the modification of the Pt-Pt atomic bonding distance (i.e. the strain effect). In this thesis work, Ag@Pt NPs have been synthesized via a two-step process using chemically synthesized spherical Ag NPs as seeds on the one hand and platinum complexes with oleylamine on the other hand which are then reduced on the surface of the seeds at a controlled temperature. Different Ag seed sizes from 8 to 14 nm with a very low size distribution (<10%) have been obtained by adjusting the reaction time, temperature ramp, Ag precursor concentration and final temperature during the synthesis. The control of the shell thicknesses (from 1 to 6 atomic layers) has been possible by adjusting the ratio of platinum precursor to silver seed concentrations. The catalytic activity of the core-shell Ag@Pt NPs was tested by a model reaction of reduction of 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol by NaBH4 in aqueous phase. We have observed that the thickness of the Pt shell and the size of the Ag core influence the catalytic properties and led increased catalytic activity compared to pure silver or platinum. This was attributed to synergistic effects. Furthermore, we have observed an enhancement of the catalytic activity of Ag and Ag@Pt NPs under light irradiation. This is correlated to the generation of hot electrons in the Ag core. Finally, in order to develop a supported nanocatalysis platform, 3D self-assemblies also called supercrystals composed of Ag@Pt nanoparticles have been spontaneously obtained after deposition on a solid substrate due to their narrow size distribution and homogeneous shape. The catalytic activity of these supercrystals for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has been studied by following in situ by optical microscopy the production of H2 gas nanobubbles. Three distinct behaviors in photo-catalytic activity (activity, intermittent activity and non-activity) have been observed on the supercrystals in the same region of interest. In addition, 50% of the assemblies were determined to be active for HER which was shown to be accompanied by oxidative corrosion of silver
Syu, Chang-Wei, and 徐昶瑋. "Optomechanical self-organization of multiple metallic nanoparticles irradiated by circularly polarized Gaussian beam." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/r439gd.
Full text國立臺灣大學
應用力學研究所
107
In this thesis, the optomechanical stable self-organization patterns of multiple silver nanoparticles (NPs) with a reverse rotation induced by a right-handed circularly polarized (CP) Gaussian beam are studied. We adopt the multiple-multipole expansion method to calculate the electromagnetic field, and then use the Maxwell''s stress tensor to obtain the optical forces and torques upon these NPs. Utilizing this method, we can simulate the stable patterns of these NPs and their reverse rotation excited by a CP Gaussian beam, which have been observed by previous experiment; the patterns are formed at an off-focal plane. The relationship of this stable pattern versus the position (hf) of the off-focal plane with respect to the focal plane of Gaussian beam is also studied. In addition, the three-axes spin of these NPs are analyzed. From the results of simulation, we find that there are specific stable patterns with different numbers of NPs; these stable patterns can rotate along the optical axis reversely with respect to the polarization direction of CP light; this orbital motion is like a rigid-body rotation. There is a certain range of the off-focal plane hf to obtain these stable patterns; the most cases occur in a range of hf 0. Since each NP absorbs the angular momentum of photons, NP can spin individually. Additionally, the distance of two adjacent NPs is nearly a wavelength in medium. We also analyze the stable patterns induced by a CP plane wave; the results of plane wave are almost the same with those of Gaussian beam. The reverse rotation of the stable patterns induced by CP plane wave is also observed, if the number of NPs is more than two. In addition, we investigate the 2D self-organized patterns of multiple gold NPs induced by CP Gaussian beam. Again, we find the same behaviors, except that the rotation and spin are relatively large than those of silver NPs. This is because that the absorption for photons by gold is stronger than silver at the NIR regime.