Journal articles on the topic 'Self managed superannuation funds'
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Bird, Ron, F. Douglas Foster, Jack Gray, Adrian M. Raftery, Susan Thorp, and Danny Yeung. "Who starts a self-managed superannuation fund and why?" Australian Journal of Management 43, no. 3 (May 1, 2018): 373–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896217747331.
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Self-managed superannuation funds (SMSFs) – small retirement savings funds with four or fewer members – now manage almost one-third of retirement savings in Australia, and serve over 1 million members. The number of SMSFs has increased to more than half a million in two decades, yet little is known about the reasons people start the funds and how they operate. We use a survey of more than 500 SMSF members and 500 large superannuation fund members to analyse why SMSF members commence and manage their own fund, compared to similar people who stay with a large fund. We find that control over investments and tax minimisation are the most common reasons for starting a SMSF, while satisfaction with large funds and unwillingness to take on the administrative burden of self-management are the most common reasons for not doing so. SMSF members do not show any greater financial skills than non-members, but they do display overconfidence, a higher risk tolerance and a more trusting attitude to financial professionals. Model results show that the majority of SMSF members start their funds at the suggestion of financial professionals. We also show that those who say they are thinking about starting a SMSF are different in significant ways from the eventual SMSF members, further evidence of the influence of the advice industry.
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Niblock, Scott, Elisabeth Sinnewe, and Panha Heng. "A review of superannuation fund performance studies." Accounting Research Journal 30, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 224–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arj-03-2015-0026.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to showcase empirical findings in the literature relating to Australian superannuation fund performance in the pre-reform period, from 2000 to 2014. Design/methodology/approach The authors synthesize Australian superannuation performance studies in an attempt to identify empirical approaches employed in the academic literature, showcase findings and uncover themes for future research. Findings The review highlights the following findings in the literature: actively managed “retail” superannuation funds appear to underperform passive index and/or portfolio approaches; high management fees and preference for liquid, less growth-orientated assets may be further undermining performance. It also reveals the need for future research to assess whether the recent government inquiries and the related reformative measures have achieved the desired effect of improving the Australian superannuation system. The authors therefore identify three areas of investigation that will cater for this research need: the fund performance of not-for-profit fund and self-managed super fund; the efficiency of super funds; and the appropriateness of wholesale fund benchmarks. Originality value It is expected that superannuation fund performance will be subject to heightened scrutiny to assess the effectiveness of recent legislative changes resulting from the Stronger Super reform and other public inquiries. This study provides a timely, substantive and informative review of empirical findings pertaining to Australian superannuation performance in the pre-reform period to assist researchers looking to conduct further empirical research on this topic.
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Phillips, Peter J., Alex Cathcart, and John Teale. "The Diversification and Performance of Self-Managed Superannuation Funds." Australian Economic Review 40, no. 4 (December 7, 2007): 339–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8462.2007.00475.x.
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Dickfos, Jennifer, Catherine Brown, and Jason Bettles. "Superannuation and Bankruptcy: Is there a Mid-Life Crisis Looming?" QUT Law Review 17, no. 1 (October 13, 2017): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/qutlr.v17i1.708.
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Research suggests that Australian bankrupts are increasingly older, have professional backgrounds and generally enjoy higher levels of income than has previously been the case. Significantly, available data also indicates that the numbers of persons entering into bankruptcy hold greater levels of real property, and associated mortgage debt, than in previous decades. Given these trends, the importance of protecting superannuation funds becomes paramount to a bankrupt. However, this paper argues that there is a need to balance the protected asset status of superannuation funds with other objectives, such as achieving a fair distribution of the bankrupt’s assets among creditors. This paper examines the extent to which this balance is achieved, particularly in the context of self-managed superannuation funds.
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Phillips, Peter J. "Will Self-Managed Superannuation Fund Investors Survive?" Australian Economic Review 44, no. 1 (February 28, 2011): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8462.2010.00618.x.
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Bui, Yen, Sarath Delpachitra, and Stefani Kristabela. "Expectations and experiences of self-managed superannuation fund trustees." Journal of Developing Areas 50, no. 4 (2016): 459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jda.2016.0174.
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Earl, Joanne K., Paul Gerrans, Anthony Asher, and Julia Woodside. "Financial literacy, financial judgement, and retirement self-efficacy of older trustees of self-managed superannuation funds." Australian Journal of Management 40, no. 3 (August 2015): 435–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896215572155.
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Phillips, Peter J., Michael Baczynski, and John Teale. "Can self‐managed superannuation fund trustees earn the equity risk premium?" Accounting Research Journal 22, no. 1 (July 19, 2009): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10309610910975315.
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Arnold, Bruce, Hazel Bateman, Andrew Ferguson, and Adrian Raftery. "Partner-Scale Economies, Service Bundling, and Auditor Independence in the Australian Self-Managed Superannuation (Pension) Fund Industry." AUDITING: A Journal of Practice & Theory 36, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 161–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/ajpt-51573.
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SUMMARY Using proprietary Australian Taxation Office (ATO) data, this study examines audit pricing, service bundling, and independence issues in the self-managed superannuation fund (SMSF) sector, the fastest growing and largest segment of the Australian $2 trillion retirement savings industry. We consider the impact of partner-level scale effects for a large sample of SMSF audits for the three years to June 2010. After controlling for factors known to determine audit fees, we find evidence of fee discounting by partners with large client portfolios. However, when the dependent variable is redefined to the total “bundle” of services (including audit and non-audit fees), the firms of partners with larger client portfolios are shown to earn bundling fee premiums. This finding suggests industry specialists price strategically using audits as a conduit to supply higher margin non-audit services (NAS) to clients with more resources. Last, we find no evidence the supply of NAS impairs auditor independence, alleviating joint supply concerns raised in the Cooper Review.
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Woodward, George, and Robert Brooks. "A Generalized Approach to Measure Market Timing Skills of Fund Managers." International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management 3, no. 1 (January 2014): 40–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrcm.2014010104.
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In this paper the authors extend the analysis in Woodward and Brooks (2010) to derive a generalized form of Merton's (1981) dual beta market timing model that allows for continuous adjustment of portfolio beta in response to changing market conditions, and also includes the dual beta model as a special case. The model provides a more realistic representation of the fund return generation process. Using this model the authors test the market timing skills of fund managers for a sample of Australian superannuation funds for the period 1990 to 2002. The authors find that managed funds in which investors voluntarily select a given fund (retail funds) experience frequent rebalancing when compared to managed funds in which the investors' contribution is involuntary (wholesale funds). The authors relate the greater sensitivity to all changes in market conditions of retail funds to higher expenses and poor performance that was found in a recent study by Langford, Faff and Marisetty (2006). The results have important implications for Australian superannuation policy, since the Australian Government, effective from 1st July 2005, has required all funds to introduce voluntary contribution schemes.
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Reddy, Wejendra, David Higgins, and Ron Wakefield. "An investigation of property-related decision practice of Australian fund managers." Journal of Property Investment & Finance 32, no. 3 (April 1, 2014): 282–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpif-02-2014-0014.
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Purpose – In Australia, the A$2.2 trillion managed funds industry including the large pension funds (known locally as superannuation funds) are the dominant institutional property investors. While statistical information on the level of Australian managed fund investments in property assets is widely available, comprehensive practical evidence on property asset allocation decision-making process is underdeveloped. The purpose of this research is to identify Australian fund manager's property asset allocation strategies and decision-making frameworks at strategic level. Design/methodology/approach – The research was undertaken in May-August 2011 using an in-depth semi-structured questionnaire administered by mail. The survey was targeted at 130 leading managed funds and asset consultants within Australia. Findings – The evaluation of the 79 survey respondents indicated that Australian fund manager's property allocation decision-making process is an interactive, sequential and continuous process involving multiple decision-makers (internal and external) complete with feedback loops. It involves a combination of quantitative analysis (mainly mean-variance analysis) and qualitative overlay (mainly judgement, or “gut-feeling”, and experience). In addition, the research provided evidence that the property allocation decision-making process varies depending on the size and type of managed fund. Practical implications – This research makes important contributions to both practical and academic fields. Information on strategic property allocation models and variables is not widely available, and there is little guiding theory related to the subject. Therefore, the conceptual frameworks developed from the research will help enhance academic theory and understanding in the area of property allocation decision making. Furthermore, the research provides small fund managers and industry practitioners with a platform from which to improve their own property allocation processes. Originality/value – In contrast to previous property decision-making research in Australia which has mainly focused on strategies at the property fund investment level, this research investigates the institutional property allocation decision-making process from a strategic position involving all major groups in the Australian managed funds industry.
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Han, Yufeng, Tom Noe, and Michael Rebello. "Horses for Courses: Fund Managers and Organizational Structures." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 52, no. 6 (December 2017): 2779–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109017000795.
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We model and test the relations between the team management of mutual funds, managers’ ability, performance, and holdings. Our model predicts that team-managed funds perform better and behave more conservatively than single-manager funds. However, the effect of team management is masked in equilibrium because high-ability managers rationally self-select into single-manager funds. Consistent with the model’s prediction, we find that team-managed funds perform better and deviate less from their benchmark allocations than single-manager funds with the same characteristics. These differences are marked after we control for the endogenous self-selection of managers.
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BROWN, JEFFREY, STEVEN HABERMAN, MOSHE MILEVSKY, and MIKE ORSZAG. "Overview of the Issue." Journal of Pension Economics and Finance 1, no. 3 (November 2002): 193–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474747202001154.
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This is the final issue of the first volume of the Journal of Pension Economics and Finance. We are pleased that the Journal has had a very successful first year, both in terms of the quality of submissions and in terms of building up an extensive and high quality subscription base. We will report in more detail on our first year as well as our plans for the future in the first issue of the second volume.The four articles in this issue span a broad range of topics. The first article is by David McCarthy (Oxford University, Institute of Ageing), Olivia Mitchell (University of Pennsylvania, Pension Research Council) and John Piggott (University of New South Wales, Centre for Pensions and Superannuation) who have written a paper entitled: Asset rich and cash poor: retirement provision and housing policy in Singapore.As mandatory defined contribution systems are increasingly adopted around the world, the experience in Singapore is particularly relevant in that its Central Provident Fund (CPF) is one of the oldest major international examples of a mandatory defined contribution pension system. With funds representing roughly 60% of Singapore's GDP, the CPF is also one of the most prominent publicly managed investment funds in the world.The particular focal point of the McCarthy et al. paper is the effect of rules in Singapore which allow individuals to use their accumulated funds to pay for housing. The use of retirement savings vehicles for approved purposes, such as medical care, education and unemployment, is an important policy issue, with most countries continuing to have strict prohibitions on drawing funds prior to retirement.
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Gilbert, Aaron, Ayesha Scott, and Shuohan Xu. "Economies of scale: the case of KiwiSaver fees." Pacific Accounting Review 31, no. 4 (November 4, 2019): 695–710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/par-04-2019-0040.
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Purpose International evidence of economies of scale in mutual funds is mixed. KiwiSaver offers an interesting opportunity to examine economies of scale given its growth from a new scheme with few members and low balances, where fund costs should be high, to a much larger scheme that should be cheaper to run. As a defined contribution superannuation scheme, fees play an important role in determining the eventual retirement savings members achieve. This paper aims to examine whether the anticipated economies of scale are passed onto members. Design/methodology/approach The authors use a sample of 267 KiwiSaver funds over 2013-2018 and relate fund fees to assets under management (AUM) and the number of participants using regression analysis and a translog cost function. Findings The authors find evidence to suggest funds are passing on cost savings. Specifically, the authors observe that fees increase slower as the number of members grows, suggesting economies of scale are driven by the number of members, but not the size of the assets being managed. All else held constant, a 1 per cent increase in fund participants increases fees by 0.93 per cent on average. In contrast, a 1 per cent increase in AUM results in effectively 1 per cent increase in fees, all else held constant. Originality/value While KiwiSaver has been an undeniable boost to the local funds management industry, regulators are increasingly under pressure to ensure fees are appropriate. In 11 years, New Zealand-based KiwiSaver has grown to over $50b in AUM, with over $400m in total fees per year. This paper provides evidence that economies of scale are partially present in the KiwiSaver sector, although not where it arguably counts: in the size of the AUM.
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Cahyono, Luqman, Mirna Apriani, Anggara Trisna Nugraha, and Agung Prasetyo Utomo. "TIME RISK ANALYSIS OF IMPLEMENTATION SELF-MANAGED COMMUNITY PROJECT IN KALIANYAR - BANGIL VILLAGE." Jurnal PenSil 11, no. 2 (May 21, 2022): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpensil.v11i2.25078.
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Self-managed project through of KOTAKU (Kota Tanpa Kumuh) program managed by Lembaga Keswadayaan Masyarakat Abdi Karya Amanah Kalianyar - Bangil Village received around 1 billion funds from Direktorat Jenderal Cipta Karya Kementrian Pekerjaan Umum Dan Perumahan Rakyat. The implementation of self-managed projects is carried out entirely by the community with less knowledge regarding building construction. The research objective is to identify and analyze time risks in implementing community self-managed projects. The data analysis method used is literature study, observation, average analysis, risk analysis and risk matrix preparation. The results of the analysis show that there are 20 risk variables with the highest ranking being low labor productivity where the measurement scale is likely to occur >60–80% and the risk impact on time is >7-30 days from the duration of the project, then the risk response decision "Avoidance" risk must be avoided.
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Ji, Kwangchul, and Hong-Youl Ha. "Empirical Evidence of Risks of Public-Loan Finance: Comparison between Self-Employers and SMEs." Sustainability 13, no. 11 (June 4, 2021): 6426. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13116426.
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Public financial loans are very complex. However, previous research has largely neglected the effective management of public funds. More specifically, how to maintain the optimal balance between small businesses and loan providers for managing public funds over time remains unclear. Moreover, little is known about how public funds should be managed to increase survival periods, which are directly related to these institutions’ financial stability. This study tests the difference between public fund borrowers and providers from perspectives on their long-term survival and compares survival periods using 499,554 guaranteed loans. The findings show that 85% guarantee ratios and high credit ratings help increase survival periods. The findings also show that individual-based borrowers, such as self-employers, have a strong tendency to survive much longer than SMEs. Finally, our study extends the literature by offering a risk theory perspective on public financial institutions that explains how guarantee ratios and credit ratings affect the survival periods of borrowers, resulting in these institutions’ financial soundness.
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Tortia, Ermanno C. "Accumulation of capital and divisible reserves in labour managed firms." Corporate Ownership and Control 2, no. 3 (2005): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv2i3p2.
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The problem of the accumulation of capital in labour managed firms and worker cooperatives has been attracting considerable attention by past research. The Furubotn-Pejovich effect is considered to be the source undercapitalisation. The paper seeks to show that the presence of undercapitalisation is due to a specific mechanism of reinvestment, i.e. reinvestment of self-financed capital funds in indivisible reserves. The introduction of divisible reserves appropriable by worker members at some point in time would solve the horizon problem. However, it is likely to engender new and unexplored problems connected with the way in which net surpluses are distributed, the reinvestment of individual shares of net surpluses and the reimbursement of individual capital quotas.
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Segah, Boby. "Peran Masyarakat Dalam Memantau Penggunaan Dana Desa." Pencerah Publik 8, no. 1 (April 6, 2021): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/pencerah.v8i1.2261.
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This study aims to analyze the role of the community in monitoring the use of village funds. Considering that the village carries out self-government, the village administration consists of a village government which includes the village head and village officials. The phenomenon of using village funds has occurred since the distribution of funds to villages through the fantastic APBN, so there is a need for monitoring in the use of village funds.
In this study, the research method used was literature study method. The literature study used is a method used to collect data or sources related to the topics raised in this paper. The literature studies obtained were sourced from various kinds such as regulations/laws, journals, books and other documentation.
The results showed that the role of the community in monitoring the use of village funds was still not optimal. This is reflected in the lack of supervision from the community. This is due to the fact that public complaint channels are not well managed by all regions and the scope of evaluation and supervision by the Camat is not optimal. There is no institutional mechanism for transparency and accountability of village funds to the community.
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Suryani, Arna. "VILLAGE FUND MANAGEMENT (VILLAGE CASE STUDY IN TANJUNG JABUNG TIMUR REGENCY)." Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management 2, no. 6 (October 29, 2021): 963–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/dijdbm.v2i6.1001.
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This study aims to determine the process of planning, implementation, administration, reporting, and accountability for using village funds in several villages in the Tanjung Jabung Timur Regency Government. The object of this research is the realization of villages in East Tanjung Jabung Regency where the absorption of village funds is less than 50%. The study used qualitative methods using the Nvivo 12 plus analysis tool. The data in this study were obtained through interviews and supported by documents as data. The selection of sources is made by the purposive sampling method. The results showed that the planning process involved the village community in formulating village development plans. The process of implementing and administering development, rehabilitation, and maintenance of infrastructure is carried out in a self-managed manner under SKB Number 49 of 2015 using resources, local raw materials, and labor from the local village community. The reporting and accountability process has been carried out by making reports in several stages and reports on the realization of the use of village funds. As a form of transparency, an information board was created to contain the village's funds, funding sources, and activity plans. There are still several obstacles to the non-absorption of village funds caused by the Village Fund, including the lack of human resource capabilities at the village level in terms of managing and reporting self-management work. In addition, there are natural factors that hinder, such as rainfall and demanding access to work locations. Acquired workshops for village assistants whom the government trains to assist the implementation of village fund management.
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Sari, Dewi Kusmaya, Ikhsan Budi Riharjo, and Maswar Patuh Priyadi. "Accountability of Cash-Intensive on Village Funds (Case study in Kendal Village, Sekaran District, Lamongan Regency)." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (February 23, 2021): 1385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i1.1765.
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Accountability is an essential issue in scientific studies and practice in the field of public administration. Accountability in managing village funds has become a demand for the village government, as Law Number 6 of 2014 has been implemented concerning villages. Problems arise when the accountability of village funds’ labor- insentive cash is related to the new regulation. This policy requires village funds to be used for cash labor following SKB 4: the minimum wage must reach 30% of the total development sector sourced from the Village Fund. Therefore, this study aimed to describe and analyze cash accountability for labor in village funds (a case study in Kendal Village, Sekaran District, Lamongan Regency). Qualitative interpretive research was applied with interviews, observation, and documentation from official government documents. Furthermore, this study showed that the village fund accountability in Kendal Village, Sekaran District, Lamongan Regency has gradually implemented participation and transparency principles. The fund had met the wage requirements following SKB 4. The village had to reach 30% of the total development of the fund. Its implementation was carried out in a self-managed wanner involving workers from the poor, unemployed, and families with malnutrition, as evidenced by the ID card of Kendal villagers. Eventhough they experience obstacles in determining yhe poor’s criteria, the budget activity implementer (PKA) tries to apply accountability in the implementation of development based on the cash-insentive principle.
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West, Tracey, and Andrew Worthington. "The impact of major life events on household asset portfolio rebalancing." Studies in Economics and Finance 36, no. 3 (July 26, 2019): 334–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-11-2017-0318.
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Purpose This paper aims to model the asset portfolio rebalancing decisions of Australian households experiencing a severe life event shock. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses household longitudinal data from the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey since 2001. The major life events are serious illness or injury, death of a spouse, job dismissal or redundancy and separation from a spouse. The asset classes are bank accounts, cash investments, equities, superannuation (private pensions), life insurance, trust funds, owner-occupied housing, investor housing, business assets, vehicles and collectibles. The authors use both static and dynamic Tobit models to assess the impact and duration of impact of the shocks. Findings Serious illness and injury, loss of employment, separation and spousal death cause households to rebalance portfolios in ways that can have detrimental effects on long-term wealth accumulation through poor market timing and the incurring of transaction costs. Research limitations/implications The survey results are only available since 2001, and the wealth module from which the asset data are drawn is self-reported and not available every year. Practical implications Relevant to policymakers working on the ongoing retirement of the “baby boomer” generation and for financial planners guiding household investment decisions. Originality/value Most research on shocks to household wealth concern a narrower range of assets and only limited shocks. Also, this is one of the few studies to use a random effects model to allow for unspecified heterogeneity among households.
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Zitri, Ilham, Rifaid Rifaid, and Yudhi Lestanata. "Implementasi Dana Desa dalam Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Desa Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa." Journal of Governance and Local Politics 2, no. 2 (October 16, 2020): 164–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47650/jglp.v2i2.60.
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The Village Fund is one of the government policies that is prioritized to finance the development and empowerment of the community, the implementation of which is prioritized by using self-managed resources / local raw materials, and strived by absorbing more local workforce. This study aims to determine the use of village funds used in accordance with the program, the results of the use of village funds and community involvement in the Village of Poto Tano, District of Poto Tano, West Sumbawa Regency. The research approach used is descriptive qualitative. Using data collection techniques through interviews with informants who are considered to have the potential to provide information about the use of the Village Fund in the development of Poto Tano Village, Poto Tano Subdistrict, West Sumbawa Regency, also through observation and documentation of the results of the utilization of the Village Fund. The results showed that the Utilization of Village Funds in Improving the Welfare of Poto Tano Village, Poto Tano Subdistrict, West Sumbawa Regency, Based on Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages could not be said to be effective. This can be proven by the number of Community Empowerment programs that are still far different from the number of Village Development programs that have been realized in accordance with the plan of the program set by the Village Government through the Musrenbangdes. Community involvement in the implementation of the use of village funds in Poto Tano Village also cannot be said to be good, where the community is still not fully included in the preparation up to the implementation of the programs that were set at the time of the Musrenbangdes.
Keywords: Implementation, Village Funds, Public welfare.
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Li, Tao, and Jin-chuang Li. "Chu Hsi’s Thought of Charity and Practice of She-cang." China Nonprofit Review 8, no. 2 (November 22, 2016): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18765149-12341315.
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Charity activities have a long history in China. As an epitome of Neo-Confucianism, Chu Hsi thought charity is an explosion of benevolence, and a process from loving their relatives to expanding their own love to others, and emphasized that it is the most important national affair to be concerned about the people’s suffering. For the shortcomings of establishing She-cang in city, Chu Hsi first established She-cang in the rural area, which used food allotted by the government as funds, was self-managed by rural officer and gentry, under the proper supervision of government. It mainly used a reasonable way of interest-bearing to ensure mobile appreciation of funds, effectively made up for the lack of government charity, and demonstrated the function of rural non-government charity organization. The successful practice of Chu Hsi was popularized by the emperor throughout the country and became the Chu His She-cang method, which was followed by later generations, was the good example of non-government charity organization in Chinese ancient time. But later, it showed some shortcomings. These have the important historical enlightenment and reference significance for development of today’s non-government charity organization.
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Sampoerno, Alfrin Erman, and Nadia Asandimitra Haryono. "Pengaruh Financial Literacy, Income, Hedonism Lifestyle, Self-Control, dan Risk Tolerance terhadap Financial Management Behavior pada Generasi Milenial Kota Surabaya." Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen 9, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 1002–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n3.p1002-1014.
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Financial management behavior is organized, regulated, managed, and saved funds to achieve financial well-being. The study aims to effects of financial literacy, income, hedonistic lifestyle, self-control, and risk tolerance on financial management behavior. The object used in this research is the millennial generation based in Surabaya with a monthly income. This study focuses on the millennial generation since they are stigmatized for their excessive consumption and inability to conserve money. This study employs quantitative research and the Structural Equation Model as a method of analysis (SEM). A total of 200 people responded to the survey. According to this study, financial management behavior is influenced by hedonistic lifestyle and self-control, but not by financial literacy, income, or risk tolerance. This finding is because most respondents are still in college, and the study's limitations include the inability to include other variables such as intention and social standing. This study could be helpful to reference for various parties, especially the millennial generation, to be better at self-controlling their consumption and increase their financial literacy.
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Rizek, Cibele Saliba, Joana Barros, and Marta De Aguiar Bergamin. "A política de produção habitacional por mutirões autogeridos: construindo algumas questões." Revista Brasileira de Estudos Urbanos e Regionais 5, no. 1 (May 31, 2003): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22296/2317-1529.2003v5n1p31.
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Este artigo busca discutir a produção de habitação social através dos chamados mutirões autogeridos, pondo em relevo a constituição e a mudança do caráter por que passou este tipo de política, entre os anos 80 e 90. Trata-se de tematizar como – a partir de um ideário emancipatório que apostou na autonomia dos movimentos sociais e da sociedade civil diante de políticas sociais centralizadas no Estado, urdidas no período da ditadura militar – chega-se a uma política cujas dimensões da autonomia mudam de caráter, legitimando ou podendo legitimar ações assentadas no uso do trabalho gratuito dos futuros usuários, que produzem unidades habitacionais financiadas por fundos públicos alinhados com as dimensões de uma gestão das precariedades.Palavras-chave: mutirão autogerido; política habitacional; direitos sociais. The self-managed mutirões housing production politics: building some questionsAbstract: This article searches a discussion about social housing production through the practices of the mutirões, emphasizing a process that changed the character of social housing policies and political practices between the decades of the 80´s and 90´s. It argues how the conceptions of autonomy and emancipation of civil society and social movements during the period of Brazilian dictatorship government in the 70´s changed into policies that justify practices of non-payed work in the production of houses supported by public funds that can be seen as an administration of precariousness and misery, instead of policies of autonomy and emancipation. Keywords: self-managed housing practices; housing policies; social rights.
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Hilmi, Angela. "The Alfredo Namitete Agroecology Credit System: A New Business Model That Supports Small-Scale Lending." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (July 27, 2019): 4062. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154062.
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A major obstruction in the development of sustainable agriculture is the weakness of the financial and banking sectors in supporting smallholder farming. While farmers need to invest in their farms, they struggle to find credit schemes adapted to their specific needs. This study explores the literature on a range of credit systems applied in different geographical and historical contexts to analyse the underlying drivers of their successes or otherwise. In light of this review, the study investigates a farmers’ association, Alfredo Namitete (AN), in Mozambique, offering a range of agroecology credit modalities. It is then assessed as to whether a new business model initiated with seed funding could be self-managed by the association itself and lead to greater autonomy. The AN pilot tested three schemes between 2015 and 2019. Based on the findings, i.e., better production, increased revenue and greater self-determination, the study combines elements for a new business model for small-scale lending. It concludes that to be effective, a credit scheme needs to meet several conditions simultaneously: believe in the genuine will to repay, abolish the lender–borrower distance, ensure a role for women in decision making, add a savings mechanism, combine individual and collective investments and, finally, reserve funds for solidarity and climate issues.
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Khoir, Misbahul. "MOBILISASI TABUNGAN ANTARA KEUANGAN FORMAL DAN INFORMAL DALAM SISTEM KEUANGAN SYARIAH." JES (Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah) 2, no. 1 (September 4, 2017): 129–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/jes.v2i1.33.
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Islam as a rule of life (nizam al-hayat) governs all sides of human life, including in terms of economic transactions, in doing saving activities too. So it also affects the institutions that receive savings funds. The definition of the Islamic financial system itself is a financial system that channels between parties who need funds and parties who have excess funds through financial products and services in accordance with the principles of sharia. The sharia principle is a principle based on the teachings of the Qur'an and Sunnah. In the Indonesian context, sharia principle is the principle of Islamic law in banking and finance activities based on fatwa issued by institutions that have authority in the establishment of fatwa in the field of sharia. From the background, the above description contains two important points. First, how is way of saving and investing from an Islamic point of view. Second, what is definition of Islamic Financial System. Both of these are first step in describing as problem in the scope of savings mobilization between formal and informal finance in the Islamic financial system. Islam forbids allowing idle assets, and encourages every wealth that we have to invest in the real sector. Saving is not a disbelief of the existence of sustenance from Allah SWT. Saving is a good management process of the provision of Allah SWT as a reflection of the attitude of our trust for sustenance given by Allah SWT. So it can be concluded, in the teachings of Islam, the saving is effort on the alert and as part of the household financial management process. By saving we have a time-forward perspective because it not only looks at short-term expenditures, but has made predictions of preparation for the future. Saving is part of self-control. By saving, it means that we are not carried by lust to meet the fulfillment of present or short-term satisfaction, but to control the fulfillment of our desire to be able to meet the needs of the future which is much more important. Saving is not a barrier for a person to give alms or zakah. People whose faith is strong and accustomed to saving then he will be able to expel zakah well and give alms more. People who are used to saving means having good financial planning. If so, the funds that he has will be more optimal, so will be able to pay zakah well and give alms more because the funds are well managed.
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Papajorgji, Endri, and Naim Mëçalla. "Enterprises in Yugoslavia as a Specialty of Workers' Self-Management System During Socialism (1945-1990)." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 5 (September 5, 2021): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0132.
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In Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (hereinafter: SFRY) many laws were approved that regulated the legal capacity of economic organizations (Dobias, 1969);1 however, no law regulated the concept of the enterprise (Stipetić, 1982). The constitution of 13.1.1953 transformed in its Art 4 “state property” to "social property". In addition, workers' self-management of enterprises (economic organizations) was proclaimed as the basis of the social and political order. The work collective managed the assets of the companies on behalf of the company, while the state was responsible for day-to-day management and the funds needed for production (Prasnikar, Svejnar, Mihaljek & Prasnikar, 1994). In this sense, the implementation of participative management systems reflects the intentions of the political leadership to decentralize and liberalize economic life (Zeffane, 1988). The company was not a commercial company, as it is known in the West, but a production cooperative that was not in a membership relationship with the workers (because then they would be equal to a public company), but in an employment relationship (Spaić, 1960). The company was self-sufficient in terms of its internal organization and management, planning its economic activity, the distribution and use of income, the signing of contracts and the formation of economic associations (Pretnar, 1961). The self-administration law, ie the right of the work collectives to the administration of the commercial enterprises, could be called civil-law or property-law authority, because the work collectives would not have possessed a real self-administration right, without such a competence. In this sense, main objective of this manuscript is the analysis of enterprises in Yugoslavia as a specialty of both systems, capitalism and socialism. Main objective of this manuscript is the Analysis of Enterprises in Yugoslavia as a specialty of workers' self-management system from 1963 -1990 Received: 16 June 2021 / Accepted: 3 August 2021 / Published: 5 September 2021
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A. Dzogovic, Suada, and Vehbi Miftari. "MEDIA REPORTING AND COMMUNICATION IN CRISIS SITUATIONS: A CASE STUDY OF A REFUGEE CRISIS IN B&H." Journal Human Research in Rehabilitation 11, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21554/hrr.092104.
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The topic of this article presents communication challenges and the role of the media in constructing an image of migrants and refugees as “the others” in our societies today. The article analyses the migrant situation in South-Eastern Europe, specifically in migration crisis in Bosnia and Herzegovina that has been going on since 2018. The aim is to present the basic aspects of this issue and offer answers to key questions - who are migrants and refugees, what’s their own identity, from which countries do they come, how do they cross the border, where do they go, what is the state’s attitude towards them, what forms and channels of communication the state and other stakeholders use toward them, who cares for them, what do they preserve from their national, cultural and/or language identities and how do they construct self-identity and confront with the “hosting identities”, who donates funds for migration management and how they are managed? Also, a special focus of the research will be on the human rights of migrants and refugees in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is the subject of various discussions - both within the country itself and among various humanitarian, governmental and non-governmental international organizations in the EU and beyond.
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Higgins, Jenny A., Madison Lands, Taryn M. Valley, Emma Carpenter, and Laura Jacques. "Real-Time Effects of Payer Restrictions on Reproductive Healthcare: A Qualitative Analysis of Cost-Related Barriers and Their Consequences among U.S. Abortion Seekers on Reddit." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (August 26, 2021): 9013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179013.
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Objective: The Hyde Amendment and related policies limit or prohibit Medicaid coverage of abortion services in the United States. Most research on cost-related abortion barriers relies on clinic-based samples, but people who desire abortions may never make it to a healthcare center. To examine a novel, pre-abortion population, we analyzed a unique qualitative dataset of posts from Reddit, a widely used social media platform increasingly leveraged by researchers, to assess financial obstacles among anonymous posters considering abortion. Methods: In February 2020, we used Python to web-scrape the 250 most recent posts that mentioned abortion, removing all identifying information and usernames. After transferring all posts into NVivo, a qualitative software package, the team identified all datapoints related to cost. Three qualitatively trained evaluators established and applied codes, reaching saturation after 194 posts. The research team used a descriptive qualitative approach, using both inductive and deductive elements, to identify and analyze themes related to financial barriers. Results: We documented multiple cost-related deterrents, including lack of funds for both the procedure and attendant travel costs, inability to afford desired abortion modality (i.e., medication or surgical), and for some, consideration of self-managed abortion options due to cost barriers. Conclusions: Findings from this study underscore the centrality of cost barriers and third-party payer restrictions to stymying reproductive health access in the United States. Results may contribute to the growing evidence base and building political momentum focused on repealing the Hyde Amendment.
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Fuhaidah, Ulya. "Tariqa and Philanthrophy : The Study of Tariqa Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyyah Movement in Kuala Tungkal, Jambi." Insaniyat: Journal of Islam and Humanities 3, no. 1 (December 3, 2018): 29–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/insaniyat.v3i1.7509.
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The emergence of tariqa movements in the Indonesian Archipelago occurred at the same time of the expanding network of ulama who studied at the holy land, Mecca. One of tariqas that has existed as the result of the spreading of such ulama network is the Tariqa Qadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah. This is one of the tariqas that is considered legitimated and followed by thousands of people in Indonesia, including people of Jambi. Yet the development of this tariqa in Jambi, in which its follower has gradually increased since the 1990s, is less exposed. Followers of tariqa have practiced not only religious and ritual gathering, zikr, but also engaged in philanthropic events which risen hundreds of millions of funds. Such philanthropic events had significantly contributed to the tariqa movement from which it is able to stand free from state’s intervention as well as capable to privately fund its educational institution and boarding school. This article intends to seek the historical aspect of the TariqaQadiriyah Naqsyabandiyah and how it contributes in shaping educational institution and economic sphere of people in Jambi. This study therefore uses historical method in perceiving the role of Tariqa in its society.The data for this study were gathered by conducting observation, interview, and document studies.The study concludes that the tariqa movement in Jambi, particularly in Kuala Tungkal, managed to self-fund its boarding school and educational institution which are affiliated with it. The fund is mainly risen from several occasions of commemoration of the tariqa founder, Sheikh Abdul Qadir Jilany.
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Shukil, L. V., О. Yu Korennova, S. P. Podolnaya, and E. P. Prikhodko. "CLINICAL ECONOMY EFFICACY OF TARGETED APPROACH TO ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME PATIENTS MANAGEMENT WITH PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION." Russian Journal of Cardiology, no. 8 (September 9, 2018): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/1560-4071-2018-8-45-51.
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Aim. Clinical economical grounding of necessity for continuation of a “State Managed Program of Omsk Region “Development of Healthcare in Omsk Region” (the Program) in allowance granted supply with life saving medications of patients after endovascular treatment of acute coronary syndrome.Material and methods. To the study, by a continuous sampling method, 255 patients included, after endovascular treatment of coronary arteries in acute coronary syndrome during July 1 to December 31 2015, who monthly attended cardiologists office and received free acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel and atorvastatin for 12 months. Method of clinical and economical analysis was applied “Increment efficacy of expenses”, and a threshold for self-payment by patients was evaluated.Results. One-year mortality of the Program participants was 1,2% versus 3,5% in non-participants. Hospitalization rate for repeated acute coronary syndrome was 3,5% versus 9% in non-participants; serious adverse event hospitalization rate was less than 1%. All economically active patients were discharged “to work”.Calculated parameter of increment efficacy of expenses with the technology “stenting of coronary arteries and drug supply in 2018 (statin, acetylsalicylic acid, clopidogrel or ticagrelor)” was 215906,93 Rub for every additional survived patient with no hospitalizations for repeated acute coronary syndrome during one year after stenting.Conclusion. Technology of medication supply with life saving drugs of patients underwent endovascular interventions on coronary arteries for acute coronary syndrome is an advantageous investment of budget funds to life quality of patients. The results of the analysis have grounded the necessity to continue program targeted method in acute coronary syndrome patients management after percutaneous intervention taken current clinical guidelines.
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Kaluntas, Tita Natalia, Olly Esry Harryani Laoh, and Yolanda Pinky Ivanna Rori. "EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA DI DESA KALASEY DUA KECAMATAN MANDOLANG KABUPATEN MINAHASA." AGRI-SOSIOEKONOMI 15, no. 1 (July 4, 2019): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35791/agrsosek.15.1.2019.23364.
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This study aims to evaluate Village Fund management in Kalasey Dua illage, Mandolang Sub-district, Minahasa Regency. The study was conducted from May 2018 to January 2019. The data used in this study were primary data and secondary data. Primary data was collected based on interviews with two members of the Village Consultation Board (BPD), three village officials, and 50 community members to find out their responses to Village Fund management. The fifty community members were selected community members that have over the age of 21 years and had lived in the research village for more than 10 years. So the total respondents were 55 people.Interviews with community members were used by Likert Scale. Secondary data in this study came from the archives and reports of Kalasey Dua Village office in the form of Village Monographs, Village Fund Management Data andother documents relating to the management of the Kalasey Dua Village Village Fund; and through books available at local bookstores; and the internet. Internet used google searching to access articles from various scientific journals and theses from other universities related to the topic of this research. Data analysis using descriptive analysis. The results of the study indicate that overall the Village Funds received in Kalasey Dua Village have been managed properly by the government or the management, both in the management procedure with the availability of documents; and adhere to the principles of village fund management that consists of justice, needs, village authority, participation, self-management and village-based resources, village typology, transparency and accountability; and the community have felt the benefits. The Village Fund has been giving benefit to community of the village, both in the construction of infrastructure (roads, culverts, solar street lighting) and the empowerment of rural communities (by technical guidance of the management of Village-Owned Enterprises or BUMDES outside the region).*gmhk+erprm*
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Syafitri, Wenni, Muhamad Sadar, and Eddisyah Putra Pane. "PELATIHAN DAN SOSIALISASI SISTEM INFORMASI KEUANGAN PADA SEKOLAH ISLAM TERPADU PEKANBARU." Dinamisia : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (December 17, 2018): 211–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/dinamisia.v2i2.1258.
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SMP IT Madani as one of the schools that apply the concept of islamic in its education practice. SMPIT Madani is a school formed by amil zakat self-supporting institution ummah Riau by using theconcept of free school. SMP IT stands in 2011 with a total of 20 students. Over time, the currentnumber of junior Madani IT students amounted to 75 students. The average students who attendjunior high school IT is the students who come from poor families.SMP IT Madani has received School Operational Assistance (BOS) a few years back. The BOSprogram uses a different approach than Special Assistance for Students (BKM) ie BOS funds are notgiven to poor students but are provided to schools and managed by schools. The mechanism forcalculating BOS funds is based on the number of students in each school. So the goal of this BOScan be achieved is to free the cost of education for poor students or not able and can alleviate forother students so they can get 9 years basic education services.The obligations of schools receiving BOS programs should report the realization of the use of theprogram to the government. Currently schools are having difficulties to make reporting realizationof BOS program to government and foundation. Differences in reporting formats to foundations andgovernments make the school experience serious problems. If it does not sync between reportingbetween the government and the foundation will cause many other questions and problems. Wheninterviewed, the school is very eager for this matter to be resolved immediately.Based on the problems of the partners, it can be concluded the solution of the problem is a reportinginformation system synchronized to the government and the foundation. So that SMP IT Madani nolonger experience obstacles to the reporting of BOS program activities. As a result the name ofUnilak increasingly fragrant in the eyes of society, especially SMP IT Madani.Method of implementation of activities used is direct observation to the location of partners toperform the first phase, this stage includes data collection and data processing. When this stage takesplace, we will get an overview of the Information Technology environment, and the partner's needfor the BOS program reporting mechanism. After the first phase is done, it will be held the secondphase of socialization, this stage to do the sosiasisasi about the benefits of synchronizing BOSreporting to the government and the foundation. Then in the third stage, the authors do the designand implementation of BOS reporting system based on information obtained from the foundation.Finally, the training phase: Each partner school sends its representative two people, to attend trainingon the use of reporting system that can synchronize BOS and foundation reporting.
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Baihaqi, Baihaqi. "VILLAGE FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT (CHANGES APBDesa AND IMPLEMENTATION) IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC." Jurnal Akuntansi 12, no. 2 (June 27, 2022): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33369/j.akuntansi.12.2.27-42.
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This study aims to describe how the process of changing the Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBDesa-P) is carried out, and how the implementation of its activities relates to socio-economic handling due to the Covid-19 outbreak in village financial management. With the issuance of PERPU Number 1 of 2020 concerning State Financial Policy and Financial System Stability for Handling the Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) Pandemic, the government reallocated the budget starting from the APBN to APBDesa. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The research data are in the form of secondary data (documents related to the research theme), primary data (interviews with informants, namely village financial managers, sub-district governments, and district governments) in the Rejang Lebong Regency area. Data analysis used the Miles and Huberman model.The results of the study prove that the process of preparing planning and budget documents (RPJMDesa, RKPDesa, and APBDesa) carried out by the Village government has followed the applicable rules and regulations. The initial stage is the formation of the RPJMDesa, RKPDesa, and APBDesa drafting teams by the Village Head, and then the team will work in accordance with the rules and regulations until the 2020 RPJMDesa, SKPDesa and APBDesa are stipulated. the existence of various rules and policies issued relating to the implementation of the activity program for the Village Cash Intensive Work (PKTD), and the Covid-19 Response Village. Furthermore, the Perbup regarding the Covid-19 Responsive Village and Village Cash Intensive Work to be a guideline for the village government. Activities in the Village are focused on carrying out PKTD activity programs, the essence of which is that Village Funds are used in a pattern through self-managed management, as well as the utilization of natural resources, appropriate technology, innovation and human resources. The Village Government does not make changes to the Village Budget related to the existence of these programs and activities. The government makes adjustments to the implementation of the Village Budget.
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Mancini, Robert, David Wilson, Jessie Modlin, Dan Sayam Zuckerman, Colleen Powell, Delisa Rapp, Jill Collins, and Thea Hutchinson. "Oral chemotherapy: A focus on interventions and access." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 34_suppl (December 1, 2012): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.34_suppl.44.
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44 Background: Oral chemotherapies are becoming more predominant with 40% of the currently available oral agents being approved in the last 7 years. Patient self-administration and the costs of these medications raise concerns about monitoring and access. As a result, nonfulfillment rates in the literature have been reported to range from 10-24% with rates directly correlated with cost of the medication. Methods: Patients who utilized the pharmacist-managed oral chemotherapy program were included for evaluation. Patients were excluded if they utilized external mail order pharmacies. Patient charts were audited for documented pharmacist-initiated interventions such as drug-interactions, lab monitoring, and dose adjustments. Patient nonfulfillment rates were evaluated by evaluating percentage of patients referred to number of prescriptions filled. Patients were classified as either filled, mail order, financial assistance or never started. Financial assistance patients were divided into free drug or co-pay assistance. Total amount of free drug obtained was assessed by multiplying the average number of cycles obtained by patients by the average wholesale price (AWP). Results: A total of 702 patients were served by the Oral Chemotherapy program between August 2009 and October 2011. In those patients, 82 drug-drug interactions and 24 patients required dose adjustments up front, mostly due to renal dysfunction. Compared to the 10-24% nonfulfillment rates in the literature, this program was able to keep rates less than 1% for patients who were unable to obtain medication for financial reasons. In this time period, underinsured patients were able to obtain >$1 million in free drug and >$200,000 in co-pay assistance funds thanks to our financial advocates. Conclusions: Collaboration within one health system between oncologists, pharmacists, nurses and social workers/financial advocates was able to ensure better quality of care by helping address medication issues upfront with minimal delays in access. In addition, this program was able to ensure that most patients were able to obtain their medication within a reasonable time period at a reasonable cost, reducing non-fulfillment rates compared to what has previously been reported in the literature.
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Kasanah, Nur. "Implementasi Pengelolaan Zakat Infak dan Sedekah di UPZIS NU Care Lazisnu Desa Mrican Kecamatan Jenangan Kabupaten Ponorogo." Journal of Islamic Philanthropy and Disaster (JOIPAD) 1, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/joipad.v1i1.3055.
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Zakat, infaq and alms which are collective social funds that must be managed properly by Zakat Management Organization in order to provide optimal benefits for mustahik. Public will give trust and good image for Zakat Management Organizations which manage their fund transparent, accountable and professionally. This field research with qualitative descriptive approach intends to describe the management of zakat, infaq and alms at UPZIS NU Care LAZISNU, Mrican Village, Jenangan District, Ponorogo Regency to be the trusted of ones. The results showed that, it manages zakat fitrah, zakat maal, earth alms, sacrifices, and Koin NU according to comprehensive steps are regulated on Management of Zakat in Law No. 23 of 2011. The steps are fundraising, distribution, empowering and reporting. Fundraising is carried out by promoting the program through social media, pick-up services and account transfer. Distribution and empowering are focused on four programs, namely: education, health, socio-economy and strengthening of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) organization. The result of fundraising, distribution and empowering of fund is reported monthly pass through internal Whats App Group (WAG) and its own-self social media accounts such as Facebook, Youtube and InstagramPengelolaan zakat, infak dan sedekah yang transparan, akuntabel dan profesional oleh LAZ akan menumbuhkan kepercayaan dan citra baik dari donatur dan juga khalayak luas. Penelitian lapangan yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui upaya dan langkah-langkah yang dilakukan oleh UPZIS NU Care LAZISNU Desa Mrican Kecamatan Jenangan Kabupaten Ponorogo dalam mengelola dana zakat, infak dan sedekah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan UPZIS NU Care LAZISNU Desa Mrican Kecamatan Jenangan Kabupaten Ponorogo mengelola zakat fitrah, zakat maal, sedekah bumi, kurban, sedekah rosok dan infak Koin NU melalui tahapan komprehensif sesuai dengan yang tercantum dalam UU No. 23 Tahun 2011 tentang Pengelolaan Zakat, dimulai dari tahapan pengumpulan dana (fundraising), pendayagunaan dan distribusi serta pelaporan. Fundraising dilakukan dengan promosi program melalui sosial media, layanan jemput bola dan transfer rekening. Distribusi dan pendayagunaan di fokuskan pada empat program yaitu: pendidikan, kesehatan, sosial ekonomi dan penguatan organisasi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU). Pelaporan untuk perolehan dana dan kegiatan pentasyarufan dilakukan tiap bulan melalui Whats App Group (WAG) dan publikasi di akun Facebook, Youtube dan Instagram milik UPZIS NU Care LAZISNU Desa Mrican Kecamatan Jenangan Kabupaten Ponorogo.
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Supriadi, Herman, and Rudy Sunarja Rivai. "Pengembangan Investasi Irigasi Kecil untuk Peningkatan Produksi Padi Mendukung Swasembada Beras." Analisis Kebijakan Pertanian 16, no. 1 (June 29, 2018): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/akp.v16n1.2018.43-57.
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<p>Community’s small irrigation investment gives impact on expansion of rice planted area and production. The study aims to assess impacts of small irrigation investment on rice planted area, production, and farmers’ income enhancement, and it was carried out during period of March to December 2013 in rainfed lowland areas in West Java, Central Java, and West Nusa Tenggara Provinces. Development of small irrigation based on community investment (SIBCI) is analyzed using Net Present Value, Incremental Benefit / Cost Ratio and Financial Internal Rate of Return approaches. Small irrigation was useful for improving rice planted area, production, and farmers’ income. Application of self-help water pumps was able to increase the area of wetland rice and cropping index. Small irrigation investments in both pump and gravity were financially feasible. The role of communities in small irrigation investment was significant despite financial limitation. Non-governmental funds allocated for pump irrigation network development were relatively small compared to that of gravity. Farmers’ participation in gravitational irrigation construction was relatively low and not all farmers became the P3A members. Small irrigation development requires synergy of social, physical, human, and natural capitals. Community’s participation in individual irrigation investment was relatively low contrary to that of managed by groups. The government need to collaborate with communities to manage water resources into community-based productive irrigation.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Investasi irigasi kecil oleh masyarakat memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan luas tanam dan produksi padi. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji dampak irigasi kecil terhadap peningkatan luas tanam dan produksi padi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Maret - Desember 2013 pada agro-ekosistem lahan tadah hujan di Jawa Barat, Jawa Tengah dan Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengembangan irigasi kecil berbasis investasi masyarakat (IKBIM) dianalisis menggunakan Net Present Value, Incremental Benefit/Cost Ratio dan Financial Internal Rate of Return. Irigasi kecil sangat besar manfaatnya dalam meningkatkan perluasan tanam, produksi dan pendapatan petani. Penggunaan pompa secara swadaya mampu meningkatkan luas areal padi sawah dan indeks pertanaman. Investasi irigasi kecil baik pompa maupun gravitasi dinilai layak dilakukan. Peran masyarakat dalam investasi irigasi kecil sangat dominan, yang ditunjukkan dengan modal sosialnya yang tinggi, tetapi sering terbentur pada kemampuan finansial yang terbatas. Dana swadaya masyarakat yang dialokasikan untuk pengembangan jaringan irigasi pompa relatif kecil dibanding jaringan irigasi grafitasi. Partisipasi petani dalam pembangunan fisik untuk Irigasi Gravitasi masih rendah dan tidak semua petani menjadi anggota P3A. Pengembangan irigasi kecil memerlukan sinergi modal sosial, fisik, manusia dan alam. Tingkat partisipasi masyarakat kecil sekali untuk investasi irigasi yang dikelola secara perorangan (swasta). Sebaliknya, jika dikelola oleh kelompok maka partisipasi masyarakat cukup besar. Pemerintah perlu bekerjasama dengan masyarakat untuk membangun potensi sumber daya air menjadi irigasi pertanian produktif berbasis masyarakat.</p>
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Kherkhadze, Alim. "POTENTIAL AND POSSIBLE EFFECT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEORGIAN FINANCIAL MARKETS." Economic Profile 17, no. 1(23) (August 4, 2022): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.52244/ep.2022.23.09.
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The country's central property rests on the institutional and organizational strength of the major price chaos market and the banking sector. Georgian banking system is currently developed not only in the country, but in all regions, the Georgian securities market and the only licensed representative of this market in the country - the Georgian Stock Exchange is undeveloped and unique. The securities market is a kind of economic barometer of the country, a measure of the pulse, which is primarily reflected in the ongoing political, economic and social changes in the country and in the world. The securities market provides fast mobilization of temporarily free cash without bureaucratic intermediaries (in this case banks) and with minimal additional fees compared to bank credit, respectively the banking system and the stock market are competitors. In 1998-2000, with the help of the best government and financial market experts in Georgia, the foundations of the securities market began to form. During this period, everyone was well aware that these two most important financial institutions should be developed together on an equal footing, under conditions of fair competition, and tried not to allow one sphere to be absorbed or oppressed by another. For some reason, the new post-Soviet Georgia had better starting conditions in the banking sector, as enshrined in the 1998 Law on the Securities Market adopted by the Georgian Parliament. By law, the securities industry was separated from the banking sector in order for securities to be newly established mechanisms to enable independent real development opportunities. JSC "Georgian Stock Exchange" (JSC) was established on January 12, 1999 at the initiative of leading brokerage companies, commercial banks, insurance companies and investment funds. Special activity on the Georgian Stock Exchange began in 2004, when after the change of government, the legislation related to privatization was changed and the economic recovery began, corruption was significantly reduced, the financial market was opened, investments were increased. The reduction of trading volume on the Georgian Stock Exchange was caused by the financial crisis of 2008 and a change in the legislation, which resulted in the abolition of the self-regulatory system of the stock exchange and its controlling body became the National Bank of Georgia. Since 2007, the stock exchange has been managed by a group of banks that currently own 58% of the stock exchange shares, of which the Bank of Georgia has the largest package with 46%. As of March 1, 2022, the balance of deposits of legal entities and individuals attracted by commercial banks in national currency is 15.06 billion GEL, weighted by an average of 11.06%, and the volume of deposits of legal entities and individuals attracted in foreign currency - equivalent to 22.03 billion GEL. , On average by 0.81%. (SEB, 2022) In total, 37.1 billion GEL of free cash is deposited in Georgian banks, and if at least a quarter of it returns to the Georgian Stock Exchange, it is easy to imagine the level of economic growth and the size of the national economy. As of May 6, 2022, about 2.31 billion GEL has been accumulated in the pension fund, 60% of the objects are placed on certificates of deposit, 1.3% - on time deposits, 5.8% - on foreign corporate shares (133.98 million 56 l),% - interest Accounts in foreign currency, and 24.69% - on interest accounts (Pension Agency, 2022). In other words, the funds kept by the citizens of Georgia in the pension fund either go to the banking system and only then take part in the short-term activity, ie by buying their securities for about 134 million GEL with the growth of the foreign economy. The development of the Georgian stock market would have facilitated the growing funds of the pension fund, invested more profitably with bank deposits, and the national economy growing faster, with more commission and interest rate pressures than bank credit. As of April 30, 2022, the capitalization of the stock market on the Georgian Stock Exchange amounted to about 2.29 billion GEL, which is only 3.8% of the GDP of Georgia in 2021 (60.2 billion GEL), while this figure has developed stock markets. Countries have more than 100% of GDP. According to the years, the ratio of capitalization of the Georgian stock market to GDP in the same year is declining and was 4.8% in 2020 (due to the pandemic, GDP decreased this year, the capitalization of companies remained largely unchanged), in 2019 - 3.97%; In 2018 - 4.39%; In 2017 - 8.16%. As of May 2, 2022, securities of 23 companies with a total market capitalization of USD 0.748 billion and an average daily turnover of 21 GEL in April 2022 were admitted to the trading system of the CBS. On March 24-30, 2022, we conducted a survey on how people manage their savings through the platform google forms, in which 629 people participated. The results of the survey showed that the culture of accumulation in the population is quite high and they would like to buy securities on the Georgian Stock Exchange. In our opinion, the development of the securities market in Georgia will reduce the employment problem partly through self-employment, the economy will be developed thanks to direct financing of economic entities (and not by scheme = population = bank => enterprises) and increase the speed of cash circulation. The state has a big role to play in the process of establishing a securities market in developing economies. The securities market is a necessary and important element of the global economy, without which the normal functioning of a market economy is impossible. Relevant legislative changes and political will are needed to strengthen the Georgian stock market.
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KOLODYNSKYI, S. B., O. V. ZAKHARCHENKO, and S. O. KRAMSKYI. "INTERNET MARKETING INFRASTRUCTURE TO SUPPORT THE INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF THE REGION." Economic innovations 24, no. 3(84) (September 20, 2022): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.3(84).51-59.
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Topicality. The infrastructure of innovation activity should be considered as an independent sphere of the economy, the feature of which is not the production of material products, but the provision of services.With the development of a market economy, based on independent and autonomous producers who are completely isolated and competitive, it becomes problematic to maintain stable economic ties within economic systems at different levels, such as state, regional and even local. Therefore, the main function of the infrastructure is the formation of the necessary conditions for the management of economic entities. Infrastructure, as an independent part of the economic mechanism, should promote the free exchange of market resources and implement the functions of self-regulation and self-adjustment of the regional economy at all its levels due to market fluctuations.Today the issues of development of innovation infrastructure at the regional level in the conditions of formation of market type of economic relations are not finally resolved and need further deep elaborations, therefore our goal is to define the infrastructure of innovation activity as an integral complex of functional organizational and economic institutions that directly provide the conditions for the implementation of innovation processes by economic entities on the basis of the principles of economic efficiency.Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to determine the place of innovation in the development of modern market regional economy and to establish the role and importance of infrastructure that would promote the rapid development of science and technology in a special and extremely important for Ukraine Southern region. The peculiarities of the region are the harmonious formation of modern infrastructure on the basis of building a complex of institutions and various research organizations, which would aim to spread the rich domestic and foreign experience of innovative development.Research results. The material base of the innovation infrastructure is an area with a developed economic, production and social structure, the objects of which are focused on the mass introduction of new technologies and the development of new knowledge-intensive products.The innovation infrastructure consists of the following main elements and components: research, design, research and experimental organizations that work in the field of innovation and increase the innovation potential of the region; manufacturing enterprises that implement the results of research and development and inventions, introduce them into the production of knowledge-intensive goods and services; management, marketing, advertising services aimed at disseminating the latest technologies and developments, promoting the achievements of domestic research centers; innovation funds, commercial banks, insurance companies, exchanges of scientific and technical products that accumulate the latest developments and innovations for commercial purposes; institutions of scientific and technical expertise, legal protection of intellectual property, ensuring the inviolability of intellectual property and legal capacity.A special role is given to educational and training institutions that specialize in training and retraining of specialists in scientific and technical fields of science and technology; information and communication departments, editorial and publishing organizations and structures, patent offices, licensing chambers and state statistical bodies; organizations for servicing innovative developments, leasing, transport and freight forwarding companies, customs departments and other government agencies.Conclusion. The innovation and investment process within the region must be managed and regulated professionally and effectively, and for this it is necessary to have a system of evaluation indicators and use the latest methods of managing regional innovation and investment infrastructure. The administrative bodies of the region's innovation infrastructure management should have significant economic levers in their hands to manage the innovation and investment process, namely through the mechanism of creating research and development institutions, educational institutions and experimental laboratories in the region. Creating favorable conditions and a favorable field for investors, providing priorities in lending to entrepreneurs, supporting with financial subsidies, leasing of new high-tech machines and mechanisms, providing timely important economic information on domestic and global markets.
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Hastika, Hastika, A. Nixia Tenriawaru, and A. Amrullah. "PARTISIPASI PETANI P3A PADA KEGIATAN PENGEMBANGAN JARINGAN IRIGASI (PJI) DI DAERAH IRIGASI TACCIPI." Jurnal Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian 15, no. 2 (June 25, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jsep.v15i2.6591.
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Kegiatan pertanian tidak terlepas dari air sehingga air irigasi sebagai salah satu komponen pendukung keberhasilan pembangunan pertanian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) Mendeskripsikan kegiatan PJI, 2) Menganalisis tingkat dan bentuk partisipasi petani anggota P3A pada kegiatan PJI. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan dengan sengaja (purposive) yaitu di Desa Malimpung, Kecamatan Patampanua Daerah Irigasi Taccipi dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 71 petani anggota P3A yang terbagi dalam tiga kelompok P3A Jembatan Bessi (Hulu), Kaluppang (Tengah), dan Lamacinna (Hilir). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey (kuantitatif). Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa 1) Pelaksanaan kegiatan PJI di daerah irigasi Taccipi secara umum telah sesuai dengan prosedur pelaksanaan yang berlaku. Diawali dengan tahapan persiapan oleh pengurus dan anggota lainnya didampingi oleh penyuluh meliputi musyawarah anggota, survei lokasi dan pengukuran, serta pembuatan proposal. Kemudian pelaksanaan konstruksi dilakukan secara swakelola dengan memanfaatkan tenaga kerja anggotanya meliputi pembersihan lokasi, pembelian bahan material, persiapan alat dan tenaga kerja serta pelaksanaan konstruksi itu sendiri, 2) Tingkat Partisipasi petani anggota P3A Jembatan Bessi (hulu), P3A Kaluppang (tengah), dan P3A Lamacinna (hilir) pada kegiatan penyusunan rencana usulan kelompok dan kegiatan konstruksi (pembangunan baru) saluran tersier relatif sama berada pada kategori rendah. Bentuk partisipasi petani anggota P3A mulai dari partisipasi bentuk pemikiran berupa ide, saran/pendapat, bentuk tenaga kerja berupa ikut membantu membersihkan lokasi jaringan irigasi, bentuk bahan banguan berupa jasa penyedia pengambilan bahan bangunan, bentuk dana sudah tersedia dalam mata anggaran belanja bantuan sosial, dan bentuk pemeliharan hanya dilakukan oleh para pekerja/tenaga kerja masing-masing kelompok P3A. Kata Kunci: Partisipasi; anggota P3A; Pengembangan Jaringan Irigasi (PJI); Irigasi. Agricultural activities cannot be separated from water so that irrigation water is one of the supporting components of the success of agricultural development. This study aims to: 1) Describe PJI activities, 2) Analyze the level and form of participation of P3A member farmers in PJI activities. The research location was determined intentionally, namely in Malimpung Village, Patampanua District, Taccipi Irrigation Area with a sample of 71 P3A member farmers divided into three groups P3A Jembatan Bessi (Upstream), Kaluppang (Center), and Lamacinna (Downstream). This research uses survey methods (quantitative). The results of the study state that 1) Implementation of PJI activities in the Taccipi irrigation area in general is in accordance with the applicable implementation procedures. It starts with the preparation stage by the management and other members accompanied by extension agents including member meetings, location surveys and measurements, and making proposals. Then the implementation of the development is carried out in a self-managed manner by utilizing the workforce of its members including site cleaning, material purchase, preparation of equipment and labor and construction itself, 2) Participation Level of farmers members of P3A Jembatan Bessi (upstream), P3A Kaluppang (center), and P3A Lamacinna (downstream) in the formulation of proposed group activities and construction activities (new development) tertiary channels are relatively the same in the low category. The form of farmers' participation in the P3A starts from the participation of thought forms in the form of ideas, suggestions / opinions, forms of manpower helping to clean the location of irrigation networks, building materials in the form of collection services, forms of funds already available on social assistance budgets, and maintenance by workers / laborers from each P3A group.Keywords: Participation; P3A member; Irrigation Network Development (PJI); Irrigation.
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Khan, Shiraz. "The Road To Hell." American Journal of Islam and Society 15, no. 2 (July 1, 1998): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v15i2.2190.
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How many of us have ever reflected on the work of the charity business?Other than the few odd cases of conuption, the really big players such as Savethe Children earn our uncritical respect and admiration for their seemingly selflesswork. We have no qualms about pulling out our wallets and donating generouslyto what we think are worthy projects, worthy people, and worthy nonprofit,apolitical organizations whose only aims are to sponsor orphans, buildwells, improve irrigation, provide food and shelter (especially at the time ofmajor disasters and famines), and labor ceaselessly to improve the lot of thepoor, destitute, and impoverished living in the Third World and Africa, especially Africa.Read these objectives again, for drawing on his experience of over nineteenyears of work with aid organizations around Africa, Michael Maren has writtena book that demolishes each and every one of them. Probing deep into the workingsof these inviolable institutions, such as CARE, USAID, Save the Children,and UNHCR, he highlights an utterly seamy side: a spectacular waste of funds,a fraudulent record of accounts, sensational salaries and lifestyles of the directors,a complete disregard for the recipients or their children, and the creationand funding of “projects” that are so badly managed and so utterly unsuited tothe geography of the country and needs of the people that they often do far moreharm than good, leaving the recipients in a worse state than when they foundthem. It is a simple fact of life in the aid business that with appropriate mediahype, famines, dramatic influxes of refugees, floods, earthquakes, and othersuch catastrophes can be real money-spinners. It is in this light and with theseresults that W n ha s chosen to title the book The Road to Hell.The book is broadly set against the backdrop of Somalia and its civil strife andmilitary tensions with Ethiopia Witnessing a series of harrowing wars, famines,and natural disasters, Maren tells how CARE unwittingly assisted a Somaliandictatorship in building a political and economic power base; how the UN, Savethe Children, and many other nongovernmental organizations provided rawmaterials for ethnic factions who subsequently threatened genocidal massacresin Rwanda and Burundi. He brings first-hand reports of African farmers,Western aid workers, and corrupt politicians from many cqlmtries, joinedtogether in a vicious circle of self-interest. Above all, he heralds an importanttruth: Humanitarian intervention and foreign activity is necessarily political. Itgets hijacked by powerful charities and agricultural interests and is cynicallymanipulated by local strongmen to control rebellious populations.One interesting feam of the aid business that Maren examines is the fact thatit is pemapS the last visible vehicle or characteristic of colonialism left in theThird World. He does not fail to emphasize that states are not moral agents andthat admiration for theii altruism is misplaced, for it is simply a call for reimpsition of colonial benevolence by the “civilized world” which feels it must goout to these desperate places and govern through food aid and agricultural programs.This “white man’s burden” attitude, however, must be juxtaposed againstpolitical motives, for as Maren points out, great power aid programs like USAIDcontinue to be motivated primarily by the political and economic interests of thedonors. This colonialist outlook is most visible, argues Maren, in the behavior ...
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Sokolovic, Dzevada, and Muhamed Bajric. "Public roads in the opening of forests in forest management units of Sarajevo canton." Bulletin of the Faculty of Forestry, suppl. (2015): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gsf15s1121s.
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The primary network of forest roads consists of public and forest truck roads. Public roads in one forest area have been mainly built due to needs of local communities, access to rural areas, the development of tourism, recreation and so on. Forest truck roads have been built and maintained by those who manage forests (the forest management), while public roads have been managed by the Directorate for Roads of the Federation of B&H and cantonal and local governments. In the last twenty years, the sector for wood assortments transport in the Federation of B&H is in charge of the private transport operators which use vehicles of large capacities and high axle loads for the purpose of transport of as large as possible quantities of wooden mass per time unit. Due to this fact, the roads have deteriorated faster. The accelerated deterioration of the roads used for the transport of wooden assortments imposes the need for the allocation of larger funds for their maintenance. Due to the increasing damages on the roads the prohibitions of use of some public roads for wooden assortments transport occur more frequently. The aim of the research is to determine the total length of public roads which open Forest Management Units of Sarajevo Canton (FMU of SC) and to investigate the possibility of using these categories of roads for forestry. For examination and analysis possibilities of using public roads for wooden assortments transport qualitative research - polls methods have been applied within the framework of the key representatives of the target groups such as forestry and the local community. In the questionnaire, two sets of questions were specified, the first one which is designed to determine the possible existence of problems of using public roads for transport of wooden assortments and possible causes of occurrence of the problems. The second group of questions gives some of the possible solutions for solving the problems of using public roads for the purpose of transport of wood assortments. The results of the survey show that the share of public roads for opening forest truck roads of Canton Sarajevo amounts 44.94%. The given results illustrate that the cases of prohibition of use of public roads for wood assortments transport are rare. The largest proportion of respondents (65%) pleaded that there are no problems (conditions) for using public roads within their territory. A share of 32% of respondents said that there are some requirements for the use of public roads for the transport of wood assortments in their territory and those are mostly demands that FMU covers the costs of maintenance of these roads. A share of 58% of respondents gave the answer that those requirements originate from self-organized groups of citizens. A share of 42% of respondents gave the answer that these requirements originate from the local community (municipalities and lower levels). In the second group of questions, where the proposal for resolving the problems of wood assortments transport in case of inability of use the existing public roads have been given the majority of respondents consider that the solution of problem is making agreement on the mode of usage and application of more control of axle loads of truck which transport wood assortments by public roads. The general conclusion of the research is that the undisturbed use of public roads for forestry needs is possible only with more consideration of the legal guidelines and with continuous agreements of all stakeholders accompanied by constant control.
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Khvatova, Tatiana, and Svetlana Dushina. "To manage or govern? Researching the legitimacy of NPM-based institutional reforms in Russian universities." Journal of Management Development 36, no. 2 (March 6, 2017): 250–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmd-06-2016-0110.
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Purpose Global trends in higher education are calling now for public university reforms which aim to increase the competitiveness of the university on the world markets, enlarging its role in the economy and in society by making it more entrepreneurial, more efficient, and closer to practical life. In order to achieve these goals, universities should be managed in a different way. The principles of New Public Management (NPM), which are being actively introduced in Russian universities, substantially transform educational and scientific practices. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the growing crisis of NPM-based university institutional reforms in terms of legitimisation, to reveal which factors shape legitimacy, and to show why legitimacy as such cannot be achieved within the framework of NPM. Design/methodology/approach The productivity and efficiency of the NPM-based strategy are mainly defined by the attitudes of all actors, or stakeholders. As such, it is very important to investigate local responses on a workplace level, in order to understand how insiders – lecturers and researchers – view the structural changes taking place within Russian universities. In order to do so, an empirical research of lecturers in four national research universities (NRUs) in St Petersburg has been organised. Using a self-designed questionnaire, the authors assessed the academic perceptions and evaluations of certain changes which have taken place in Russian universities over the last few years. In all, 126 teachers of four St Petersburg NRUs took part in the survey, which was conducted between January and February 2015 and consisted of questions measuring resources of legitimacy and legitimacy markers. Findings Legitimacy markers were revealed such as acceptance of goals, positive perception of results and emotional state. A serious conflict between the existing cognitive culture of universities and the new managerialistic approach was diagnosed. The legitimacy of NPM-based reforms in Russian NRUs was proven to be low for the following reasons: the objectives of reforms are unclear or even unknown to employees; the results of the reforms are either not seen or negatively evaluated; and the reforms provoke stress and professional burnout. The following factors influencing the process of legitimisation were proven to be significant: the agreement of personnel with reforms and the changes they bring, positive perception of changes, opportunity to participate in decision making (engagement), and, to some extent, influence. Remuneration has only a slight effect on legitimacy. Research limitations/implications The findings of this study are not free from limitations. The data were collected within only four research universities in St Petersburg. Furthermore, the authors’ findings are based on self-reported data, which can be biased. Increasing the volume of the sample and the number of NRUs could be one solution. In the future, research could be developed by enhancing the sample, by making international comparisons, and by providing a more detailed questionnaire. Practical implications Higher education systems in many countries in the world are going through similar reforms and are facing similar issues: increasing competition for funds, students and teachers, massification and commercialisation of education, a new managerialistic approach to governance, research valorisation, and effective contracts. New managerial ideology is having a big impact on university culture and can cause passive resistance to reforms, along with disappointment, frustration and professional burnout. These are important issues which cannot be ignored if a successful “third generation” entrepreneurial university is to be built. This study provides important insights into the perceptions of reforms and requires us to pay more attention to university as a social and public value. Originality/value The research is original. It is interesting and new because it discusses the NPM-based reforms in higher education in the Russian Federation, a country which was earlier quite well-known for the quality of its education and richness of its university traditions, and empirically tests the factors influencing their legitimacy. Prior research on legitimacy applies the concept mainly in politics. Otherwise, legitimacy is still a concept which is difficult in terms of both theoretical interpretation and empirical validation. The results of the study have practical implications for providing and developing more effective governance in public organisations.
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Lal, Ashutosh, Sujit Sheth, Sandra Gilbert, and Janet L. Kwiatkowski. "Thalassemia Management Checklists: Quick Reference Guides to Reduce Disparities in the Care of Patients with Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 2233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-109945.
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Abstract Background: The prevalence of thalassemia in the US is rising due to migration, new births, and improved survival. Advances in monitoring and treatment have significantly reduced morbidity and mortality in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT), the most severe form of this inherited disease. Thalassemia Treatment Centers (TTCs) utilize a comprehensive care model to provide expert-recommended and evidence-informed treatment, but a majority of the patients with TDT are not managed at such centers owing to long travel distance and lack of insurance portability. The resulting lack of access to specialized care increases the risk of complications and reduces health-related quality of life. To address this challenge, a national project was launched to develop Thalassemia Management Checklists (TMCs), a set of quick reference guides that provide decision support to physicians for blood transfusion, iron overload and chelation therapy. Methods: Three TTC's (New York, NY, Philadelphia, PA, and Oakland, CA) collaborated on the development of the following TMCs: (1) Guidelines for Managing Transfusion therapy for Thalassemia, (2) Monitoring of Iron Overload, and (3) Monitoring Deferasirox Therapy. A comprehensive review of literature including over 600 published studies and case reports, as well as the existing expert guidelines was conducted. Utilizing relevant references, the clinical guidelines were developed and a consensus on content and design of the Checklists was achieved. Subsequently, feedback obtained from national experts and patients with thalassemia was incorporated into the final Checklists. Results: Each Checklist was divided into three sections and formatted as a quick reference guide. Part 1 was a summary table having essential information printed on one side of letter-sized paper. For transfusion therapy, the table contained actions to be triggered by the pre-transfusion hemoglobin level. For iron overload, the optimal and elevated liver and cardiac iron concentration were defined along with the frequency of iron measurement using MRI. For monitoring of deferasirox, the monitoring guidelines for adverse effects and the response to abnormal laboratory tests were presented. Part 2 consisted of a literature review and rationale for the recommendations presented in the table, which was printed on the opposite face of the page. Part 3 was a bibliography of publications cited in the literature review that was made available online with a link provided in the TMC. The final product was three separate pages each covering a single topic, allowing easy access to the summary information while displaying detailed information on demand. The TMCs were distributed as printed copies to hematologists and can be downloaded from thalassemia-related websites. Discussion: The TTC's involved with this effort recognized that physicians providing care to only a few patients with TDT within general hematology (or more commonly oncology) -focused practices are far more likely to consult a desktop quick reference guide instead of a textbook, journal or handbook of comprehensive guidelines. TMCs are expected to cover most of the routine management of TDT while encouraging consultation with TTC's for complex decisions. TMCs will form the backbone of the first national attempt to standardize the management of TDT and reduce disparities in access to and quality of care. Over the next 3 years, the adoption of TMCs and their impact on patient care will be formally evaluated in selected regions. Patient access to TMCs through online publication will increase knowledge and promote self-advocacy. We are grateful to Craig Butler and Cooley's Anemia Foundation for coordinating this project. This project is/was supported by the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) under grant number U1AMC28548: Cooperative Agreements to Support Comprehensive Medical Care for Thalassemia with no funds from non-governmental sources. This information or content and conclusions are those of the author and should not be construed as the official position or policy of, nor should any endorsements be inferred by HRSA, HHS or the U.S. Government. Disclosures Lal: Insight Magnetics: Research Funding; La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company: Consultancy, Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; Bluebird Bio: Research Funding; Terumo Corporation: Research Funding; Celgene Corporation: Research Funding. Sheth:Terumo Corporation: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding; La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company: Research Funding; Celgene Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding; Bluebird Bio: Consultancy. Kwiatkowski:Novartis: Research Funding; Apopharma: Research Funding; bluebird bio: Consultancy, Honoraria, Research Funding; Terumo: Research Funding; Agios Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Marković, Predrag. "Anđeo štitonoša s grbom obitelji de Judicibus – još jedan nepoznati suradnik Bonina Jakovljeva iz Milana." Ars Adriatica, no. 4 (January 1, 2014): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.15291/ars.495.
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Bonino di Jacopo da Milano occupies a significant place in Dalmatian sculpture of the first half of the fifteenth century. In a relatively short period of time during which he was active – less than twenty years – this master managed to create numerous carvings and sculptures in almost every major Dalmatian town. Despite the fact that in the last ten years or so, a number of new and rather important works have been attributed to Bonino, while the works of a lesser quality have been identified as being produced by his collaborators, the assessment of this Lombard sculptor as an artist has remained the same and is based on the arguments put forward by Milan Prelog (1961) which portray him as having a backward looking, essentially Romanesque, understanding of the human figure and limited creative abilities. Because of this, he tends to be considered responsible for the works of a lesser quality with the major exception of a high relief depicting an angel bearing the coat of arms of the de Judicibus family from the bell tower of Split Cathedral (Fig. 1). The relief, now at the Museum of the City of Split, comes from the ground floor of the Cathedral bell tower where it stood on its south side. It replaced by a replica during the restorations works in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The first scholar who identified it as part of Bonino’s oeuvre or, more specifically, as a work of one of his assistants, was Cvito Fisković (1950). In contrast to this, earlier researchers such as A. Venturi (1908), H. Folnescis (1914), and Ljubo Karaman (1936) considered the relief to be more stylistically advanced and connected it to the mid-fifteenth century artistic activity of Juraj Dalmatinac. Since Ljubo Karaman (1954) maintained his initial opinion even after C. Fisković’s attribution and softened his estimation only slightly, C. Fisković went on to attribute the angel from the bell tower to Bonino himself in a later, somewhat more detailed, discussion of the works this sculptor produced in Split (1969). He pointed out that the angel may well have been produced around 1426-1427 when the ground floor of the bell tower was being consolidated and when, as we learn from the sources, Bonino was working on the ciborium of St Domnius for the local Cathedral. Even a superficial comparison between the angel from the bell tower and the angels on Bonino’s ciborium (Fig. 2) reveals not only significant differences in the modelling technique, but, even more importantly, a completely different feeling for sculptural form. The angel with the de Judicibus coat of arms comes across as being dynamic in the available pictorial space and as having a far livelier facial expression as well as physical impostation all of which demonstrate that the noted discrepancies in style, chronology, and attribution are not accidental. The figure of the de Judicibus angel gentler, slimmer and more graceful than those made by Bonino and was brought to life by a slight turn of his small round head featuring full cheeks and resting on a thin, slightly elongated neck which is not found on Bonino’s angels. Significant differences are also evident in the angels’ hair: the hair on the de Judicibus angel is lush and somewhat unnaturally pulled up from the face so that it resembles a wig. Particularly lively are his large drilled eyes and a faint smile which hovers at the corners of his mouth – a feature absent from Bonino’s figures. Almost identical features as on this serene and lovely face can be found in the sepia preparatory sketch of St Matthew on the vault of the ciborium of St Domnius (Fig. 4) which is why it is logical to assume that the masters responsible for its completion or painting in 1429 – Dujam Vučković and Giovanni di Pietro da Milano – also made the preparatory drawing which served as a model for the de Judicibus angel from the bell tower. Close analogies with the angels on Bonino’s ciborium, another obvious source of inspiration, point to the fact that the artist responsible for the angel holing the de Judicibus coat of arms should be sought among Bonino’s close assistants as C. Fisković had initially suggested. A different role of the angels, that is, the predominantly religious one in the case of the angels on the ciborium above the altar of the local patron saint, and the mostly secular location of the angel on the bell tower sheds more light on the circumstances in which the de Judicibus angel may have been produced. One of the members of the de Judicibus family, a local noble family, was the Archbishop of Split Domnius II (1415-1420) who began raising funds for the completion of the bell tower in 1416 and who appointed a certain master Tvrdoj as the foreman but he never started the job. Dissatisfied with the passing of Split into Venetian hands in 1420, Archbishop Domnius left for Hungary where he stayed at the court of King Sigismund until his death in 1435. This information was used by Lj. Karaman to disprove the argument that the angel was made during Bonino’s sojourn at Split because he thought that the new Venetian government would not have allowed the installing of the coat of arms belonging to this self-exiled archbishop. Given that the coat of arms does not feature the episcopal mitre and cross, as noted by C. Fisković, it cannot be interpreted as belonging to him. In addition, the fact that this bishop is mentioned on the sarcophagus of his mother which was placed in the peripter of the Cathedral in 1429 clearly demonstrates that political reasons did not prevent the family connection with this bishop from being displayed. Moreover, the angel relief was carved on a large stone block which was organically linked to the masonry meaning that it was made during the consolidation of the ground floor of the bell tower carried out by Bonino’s workshop. Although the issue of authorship does not depend on the exact date of the angel relief, conspicuous similarities with the figure of St Matthew on the vault of the ciborium of St Domnius open up the possibility that the angel may have been produced during 1428, after Bonino went to Šibenik to work on the portal of the future Cathedral of St James. This might help explain a certain freedom of expression which is evident in the de Judicibus angel and which is absent from other works produced by Bonino’s workshop. Regardless of these circumstances surrounding what might be called hidden, political and subversive artistic freedom, perhaps acquired at a later date, evident in the de Judicibus angel, the main reasons for the angel’s lively movement and dynamism within the pictorial space lie in the fact that this relief expresses a completely different visual aesthetics and sculptural poetics when compared to the angels on the Cathedral ciborium. This is also corroborated by the capital above the angel’s head (Fig. 5). The capital’s intensely curling leaves distance it from Bonino’s variations of the ‘northern’ vegetal ornaments which can be seen on the capitals of the ciborium of St Domnius and bring it closer to the Venetian capitals with lush and curling leaves which appeared a decade or two later. The strong movement and the restless, somewhat extroverted, artistic hand apparent on this capital – not on display but the replica can be seen on the Cathedral bell tower – is also present in the de Judicibus angel which leaves no doubt that the two were made by the same sculptor. The aforementioned stylistic characteristics enable us to attribute another work to this unnamed master, that is, the statue of St Michael in the atrium of the Episcopal Palace at Šibenik (Fig. 6). If we take a closer look at the head of St Michael and his full round cheeks but also at the way his thick and pulled-up hair is depicted, we can easily recognize the hand of the same sculptor who made the de Judicibus angel. St Michael’s thin waist and his tense limbs which are bent as if made of rubber together with the tautened smooth surface of his armour have resulted in the unusual appearance of a body which seems to be hovering. The impression that the limbs are not in harmony with each other and that they were mechanically attached to the torso is achieved mostly by the right leg which is bent at the knee and depicted in profile. It is obvious that the unnamed master wanted to depict the traditional iconographic type of St Michael as a frontally placed heavenly soldier, which he could have seen in the monumental relief of St Michael set in the town walls next to the land gate, in a new, livelier and more dynamic, way. However, the execution clearly demonstrates that this ambition to achieve a more convincing and dramatic representation of the battle greatly exceeded the sculptor’s creative abilities. Despite everything, his clumsy attempt displays the same youthful and confident passion, unspoiled by routine and seen in the de Judicibus angel, for a more modern approach to the pictorial expression and for bringing a breath of fresh air into conventional iconographic schemes. Based on all the above, I believe that we can agree with the suggestion that, apart from the already identified Master of St Peter, the circle of Bonino di Jacopo da Milano nurtured another unnamed master. Although his oeuvre is not large, the works of this master are nevertheless significant and symptomatic of a new moment in the local sculpture of the early fifteenth century. This moment corresponds to the time when, at the very end of the 1430s, Dalmatian sculpture finally attempted to break free from the visual patterns and aesthetic formulae which were deeply rooted in the Trecento and which were transmitted by Bonino da Milano throughout the Dalmatian coast. Nevertheless, because he was limited by and tied to the old models as well as being dependent on his teacher, this young and ambitious assistant of Bonino marks the end of the old era rather than the beginning of the new one which would be announced in around ten years’ time by the arrival of yet another sculptor from Lombardy – Pietro di Martino da Milano.
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Phillips, Peter J. "Are Larger Self Managed Superannuation Funds Riskier?" Asian Journal of Finance & Accounting 1, no. 1 (September 13, 2009). http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ajfa.v1i1.82.
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Thorp, Susan, Ron Bird, F. Douglas Foster, Jack Gray, Adrian Raftery, and Danny C. S. Yeung. "Experiences of current and former members of self-managed superannuation funds." Australian Journal of Management, July 9, 2020, 031289622093633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896220936338.
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We surveyed 854 current and 147 former members of self-managed superannuation funds (SMSFs) in 2016. The results of our survey document their aspirations, operational practices and experiences. Both current and former members expressed high general interest in superannuation, but ‘detractors’ of SMSFs outnumbered ‘promoters’. SMSF members said they enjoy ‘control’ of investment, but a majority delegated tasks to financial professionals. Three times as many members rated the performance of their fund as above the SMSF average as below, although most did not measure the performance of their fund adequately. The probability of closing a SMSF is significantly higher if members use net returns, rather than other indicators such as account balance, to judge performance. JEL Classification: H55, H75, J32
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Bird, Ron, Doug Foster, Jack Gray, Adrian Michael Raftery, Susan Thorp, and Danny Yeung. "Experiences of Current and Former Members of Self-Managed Superannuation Funds." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2853887.
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D'Ascenzo, Michael. "Self-Managed Superannuation Funds and the Global Recession: An ATO Perspective." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3087772.
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