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Journal articles on the topic 'Self-disinfecting'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 29 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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1

Weber, David J., and William A. Rutala. "Self-Disinfecting Surfaces." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 33, no. 01 (January 2012): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/522503.

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2

Weber, David J., and William A. Rutala. "Self-Disinfecting Surfaces." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 33, no. 1 (January 2012): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/663648.

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3

McCubbin, P. J., E. Forbes, M. M. Gow, and S. D. Gorham. "Novel self-disinfecting surface." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 100, no. 1 (2006): 381–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.23294.

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4

Querido, Micaela Machado, Lívia Aguiar, Paula Neves, Cristiana Costa Pereira, and João Paulo Teixeira. "Self-disinfecting surfaces and infection control." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 178 (June 2019): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.02.009.

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5

George, Lijo, Alexander Müller, Beate Röder, Ville Santala, and Alexander Efimov. "Photodynamic self–disinfecting surface using pyridinium phthalocyanine." Dyes and Pigments 147 (December 2017): 334–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.08.021.

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6

Nagpal, Ajay, Ranjith Madhavan, Navia George, Niharika R. Thummala, and SV Ravi. "Self-disinfecting Alginate vs Conventional Alginate: Effect on Surface Hardness of Gypsum Cast—An in vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 11 (2017): 1061–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2176.

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ABSTRACT Introduction For the construction of any dental prosthesis, accurate impressions are necessary. Hence, we undertook the present study to evaluate and compare the surface hardness of gypsum casts poured from impressions made using conventional alginate and self-disinfecting alginate. Materials and methods A total of 30 impressions of stainless steel die were made, out of which 15 impressions were made with conventional alginate and 15 were made with selfdisinfecting alginate and poured using Type III dental stone. Thirty stone specimens were subjected for hardness testing. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test to compare the mean surface hardness. Results Difference in surface hardness was statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). Conclusion Surface hardness of gypsum casts poured using impressions made from self-disinfecting alginate and conventional alginates were comparable. Clinical significance Self-disinfecting alginates may be employed in clinical practice as safe and effective materials to overcome the infection control issues without compromising on the properties of the material. How to cite this article Madhavan R, George N, Thummala NR, Ravi SV, Nagpal A. Self-disinfecting Alginate vs Conventional Alginate: Effect on Surface Hardness of Gypsum Cast—An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(11):1061-1064.
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Kingston, D., D. V. Seal, and I. D. Hill. "Self-disinfecting plastics for intravenous catheters and prosthetic inserts." Journal of Hygiene 96, no. 2 (April 1986): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022172400065955.

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SUMMARYA disinfectant (2,4,4′-trichloro-2′-hydroxydiphenyl ether: Irgasan, Ciba-Geigy) was incorporated into plastic washers fabricated from ethylvinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene, polypropylene or TPX. Plastics containing 0·2 and 2% Irgasan gave zones of inhibition on nutrient and blood agar plates seeded with micro-organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Staph, epidermidis Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilisorCandida albicans) even after thorough washing. Exceptionally,C. albicanswas inhibited only by 2% Irgasan, and EVA gave good inhibition only against the staphylococci. Similar washers of each plastic were implanted subcutaneously into the flanks of rabbits; before insertion each was washed, had thread woven into it and was surrounded by a plasma clot containing 2 × 108Staph. aureus. All the plastics without Irgasan gave rise to abscesses, none of the plastics impregnated with 2% Irgasan did, though from 2 out of 12 sites small numbers ofStaph. aureuswere isolated atpost mortem. Using either clinical or bacteriological criteria, the results were highly significant (P< 0.00001 andP<0.001 respectively), demonstrating the effectiveness of this technique in preventing plastic-associated infection.
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Weng, Ding, Hangfei Qi, Ting-Ting Wu, Ming Yan, Ren Sun, and Yunfeng Lu. "Visible light powered self-disinfecting coatings for influenza viruses." Nanoscale 4, no. 9 (2012): 2870. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2nr30388d.

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Lafarge, Jérôme, Nasreddine Kébir, Damien Schapman, and Fabrice Burel. "Design of self-disinfecting PVC surfaces using the click chemistry." Reactive and Functional Polymers 73, no. 11 (November 2013): 1464–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.08.001.

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10

Ahmed, Z., L. George, N. Grammatikova, and A. Efimov. "Undoing the”Superbugs” With Indoor Light Activated Self Disinfecting Materials." Journal of Infection and Public Health 13, no. 2 (February 2020): 324–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.01.053.

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11

Weber, David J., and William A. Rutala. "Self-disinfecting surfaces: Review of current methodologies and future prospects." American Journal of Infection Control 41, no. 5 (May 2013): S31—S35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2012.12.005.

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12

Wang, Jian, Qianbing Wan, Yonglie Chao, and Yifan Chen. "A Self-Disinfecting Irreversible Hydrocolloid Impression Material Mixed with Chlorhexidine Solution." Angle Orthodontist 77, no. 5 (September 1, 2007): 894–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.2319/070606-277.

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Abstract Objective: To examine the antibacterial effect and several physical properties of an irreversible hydrocolloid impression material mixed with chlorhexidine solution. Materials and Methods: The experimental irreversible hydrocolloid specimens were prepared and allocated into four groups (Group0.1 g/L, Group0.2 g/L, Group0.5 g/L, Group1.0 g/L) according to the concentrations of chlorhexidine solution used as the mixing liquid. Specimens mixed with distilled water served as a control. The antibacterial effect, three-dimensional accuracy, flowability, and setting time were tested. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance and a Tukey test, which was used for multiple comparisons (α = .05). Results: Zones of growth inhibition were observed around the test specimens, but not around the control specimens, and there were significant intergroup differences in the diameters of the inhibition zones. In the accuracy test, no significant differences (P &gt; .05) were detected among all the measurements for all groups, and the accuracy was clinically acceptable. Also, no significant differences in the flowability (P = .987) and setting time (P = .103) were detected. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine self-disinfecting irreversible hydrocolloid impression material can exhibit varying degrees of antibacterial activity without influencing the three-dimensional accuracy, flowability, and setting time.
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Eibl, Dieter, Martin Sievers, Regine Eibl, Martin Bachmann, Senta Walton, Nik Keel, Gilles Richner, et al. "Keeping SARS-CoV-2 out: Vaccines, Filters, and Self-disinfecting Textiles." CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry 75, no. 3 (March 31, 2021): 215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2021.215.

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When the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic started,[1] science came to the immediate attention of the broad public. People and politicians were hanging on every word of medical doctors, virologists, molecular biologists, data scientists and many others in the hope of finding other protective measures than those used for centuries such as basic hygiene, distance, or quarantine. Here, at the Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology at the Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW) we were also willing to provide scientific solutions to overcome the pandemic. Together with our partners from industry, we contributed to the development of a Swiss vaccine, are working on filters for active ventilated full protective suits and are developing tests to show the efficacy and safety of an active antiviral textile that allows controlled virus inactivation through an electrochemical reaction by applying a small current.
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Ismail, Hussien Abdalfatah, Hani Asfour, and Souaad Abdulelah Shikho. "A self-disinfecting irreversible hydrocolloid impression material mixed with povidone iodine powder." European Journal of Dentistry 10, no. 04 (October 2016): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.195172.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: The aim was to evaluate the effect of adding povidone (PVP) iodine powder with different concentrations to irreversible hydrocolloid on both microbiological and dimensional stability. Materials and Methods: Regular set of (alginate) irreversible hydrocolloid was selected as control group. PVP-iodine powder was mixed with the alginate powder at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20% by weight (test groups). All specimens were tested for their antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus as well as dimensional stability. Results: The results of test groups showed that concentrations 1, 5, and 10, weight % had little effect against S. mutans and S. aureus microorganisms. While concentrations 15 and 20 weight % had demonstrated greater effect on microbial growth. The mean of dimensional stability in mm of modified alginate with PVP-iodine at 15 and 20 weight % was –0.119 ± 0.255 and –0.035 ± 0.074, respectively. While the mean dimensional stability in mm of unmodified alginate was –0.112 ± 0.176 . The results of dimensional stability showed that 15 and 20 concentrations of test groups adversely affect the dimensional stability. The adverse effect was noticed to be significant in concentration 20%, where as it was nonsignificant in 15% concentration. Conclusion: Modified alginate impression material with 15 weight % PVP-iodine powered give the material, a self-disinfected properties with less deteriorating effect on dimensional stability.
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15

Esolen, Lisa M., Lokendra Thakur, Abraham J. Layon, Thomas A. Fuller, Deni-Jo Harrington, Kunal Jha, and Subhashinie Kariyawasam. "The efficacy of self-disinfecting bedrail covers in an intensive care unit." American Journal of Infection Control 46, no. 4 (April 2018): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2017.09.026.

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16

Nie, Xiaolin, Shuanglin Wu, Shiqin Liao, Juanfen Chen, Fenglin Huang, Wei Li, Qingqing Wang, and Qufu Wei. "Light-driven self-disinfecting textiles functionalized by PCN-224 and Ag nanoparticles." Journal of Hazardous Materials 416 (August 2021): 125786. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125786.

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17

Chaudhury, Amrita Ray, Georgia Korompili, Mainak Mitra, and Nikolaos Chronis. "A 3D-printed, touch-activated, sanitizer dispensing device for reducing healthcare-acquired infections." Journal of 3D Printing in Medicine 4, no. 2 (June 2020): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/3dp-2020-0004.

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Aim: We present a touch-activated, sanitizer dispensing (TSD) device, intended to be mounted on high-touch surfaces, that aims to reduce nosocomial infections. It disinfects the person’s hand touching its surface while being self-sterilizing. Materials & methods: The TSD device consists of an array of 3D-printed, passive, miniaturized, mechanical valves that dispense a small amount of liquid sanitizer when touched. Its mechanical performance and disinfecting efficiency were quantified using simulations and experimental tests. Results & conclusion: The TSD device has a disinfecting efficiency comparable to the standard hand sanitizing approach, reducing the microbiological load by approximately 30-times. It can be easily mounted on high-touch surfaces in a healthcare setting and it is expected to greatly reduce the spread of nosocomial infections.
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Versoza, Michael, Jaeseok Heo, Sangwon Ko, Minjeong Kim, and Duckshin Park. "Solid Oxygen-Purifying (SOP) Filters: A Self-Disinfecting Filters to Inactivate Aerosolized Viruses." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 7858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217858.

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Normal heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems typically use high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters, which can filter dust, various pollutants, and even bacteria and viruses from indoor air. However, since HEPA filters cannot not clean themselves and due to the nature of these microbes which can survive for long periods of time, changing these filters improperly could transmit pathogenic bacteria or viruses, and could even lead to new infections. This study indicated that these manufactured Solid Oxygen-purifying (SOP) filters have the potential to self-disinfect, filter, and inactivate aerosolized viruses. MS2 bacteriophage was used as a model virus in two different experiments. The first experiment involved aerosolization of the virus, while the second were a higher viral load using a soaking method. The SOP filters inactivated up to 99.8% of the virus particles in both experiments, provided that the density of the SOP filter was high. Thus, SOP filters could self-clean, which led to protection against airborne and aerosolized viruses by inactivating them on contact. Furthermore, SOP filters could be potentially use or addition in HVAC systems and face masks to prevent the transmission of airborne and aerosolized viruses.
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Fusch, Christoph, David Pogorzelski, Cheryl Main, Carrie-Lynn Meyer, Salhab el Helou, and Dominik Mertz. "Self-disinfecting sink drains reduce thePseudomonas aeruginosabioburden in a neonatal intensive care unit." Acta Paediatrica 104, no. 8 (April 22, 2015): e344-e349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.13005.

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20

Grigoriev, V. S. "Development of self-disinfecting coatings for the disinfection of surfaces of livestock facilities." Machinery and Equipment for Rural Area, no. 8 (August 29, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33267/2072-9642-2020-8-28-33.

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21

Tamimi, Akrum H., Sheri Carlino, and Charles P. Gerba. "Long-term efficacy of a self-disinfecting coating in an intensive care unit." American Journal of Infection Control 42, no. 11 (November 2014): 1178–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2014.07.005.

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22

Siller, Paul, Janina Reissner, Sabrina Hansen, Michael Kühl, Alexander Bartel, David Schmelzeisen, Thomas Gries, Uwe Roesler, and Anika Friese. "Innovative Textiles Used in Face Masks: Filtration Efficiency and Self-Disinfecting Properties against Coronaviruses." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (August 17, 2021): 2088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082088.

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Within the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, personal protective equipment, including face masks, is one important tool to interrupt virus transmission chains within the community. In this context, the quality of different face masks is frequently discussed and should, therefore, be evaluated. In this study, nanofleece textiles with a particle filtering effect and textiles with a self-disinfecting treatment were examined, which may be combined in face masks. Firstly, newly developed nanofleece textiles were tested regarding their filtration efficiency against airborne coronavirus, using feline coronavirus (FCoV) as a surrogate for SARS-CoV-2. The tested nanofleece textiles showed filtration efficiencies of over 95% against FCoV when used as a double layer and were, therefore, almost on par with the FFP-2 mask material, which was used as a reference. Secondly, eight treated, self-disinfecting textiles, which may increase the safety in the handling of potentially contaminated masks, were tested against SARS-CoV-2. Three out of eight treated textiles showed significant activity against SARS-CoV-2 and achieved about three LOG10 (99.9%) of virus titer reduction after twelve hours of incubation. Since all possible transmission paths of SARS-CoV-2, as well as the minimal infection doses, remain unknown, both investigated approaches seem to be useful tools to lower the virus spread within the community.
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Massé, Daniel I., Lucie Masse, Edward Topp, Guy Séguin, Lina M. Ortega, Andrew Scott, and Éric Pariseau. "Maintenance strategies for on-site water disinfection by ultraviolet lamps on dairy farms." Water Quality Research Journal 46, no. 1 (February 1, 2011): 2–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2011.014.

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Bacteria have been detected in many water supplies on dairy farms, and the water used to wash milking equipment should be free of bacteria. This study evaluated two ultraviolet (UV) technologies, with and without automatic sleeve cleaning device, as on-farm water disinfection system. No fouling was observed during 6 months of continuous operation of the self-cleaning UV system. The dose provided by a non self-cleaning UV lamp decreased by 41% and 96% after 30 and 60 days of continuous operation, respectively, at the maximum recommended water hardness and iron levels. However, when the lamp was operated 2 hours, twice daily, as on dairy farms disinfecting water solely to wash milking equipment, the dose decreased by 9% and 50% after 30 and 60 days, respectively. A UV system with self-cleaning capability is thus recommended for most farms, or monthly manual cleanings will be required to limit fouling and ensure water disinfection. Both UV technologies were efficient in disinfecting water containing high pathogen concentrations. A dose of 136 mJ/cm2 completely deactivated 1090 and 595 CFU/100 mL of total and fecal coliforms, respectively. Under proper management, the use of UV lamps could thus provide bacteria-free water to wash milking equipment on dairy farms.
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Taylor, Keyanna P., and Debra D Harris. "Cleaning and disinfecting protocols for hospital environmental surfaces: A systematic review of the literature." Journal of Hospital Administration 8, no. 6 (October 22, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v8n6p27.

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Background: Healthcare associated infections are a leading cause of illness and death in the United States and across the world. Environmental surfaces are considered non-critical, although recent evidence suggests that the built environment may contribute to the transmission of pathogens. Ineffective cleaning and disinfecting of environmental non-critical surfaces may increase risk of transmitting nosocomial pathogens leading to hospital acquired infections among hospital patients.Objective: This systematic review identifies elements of cleaning and disinfecting protocols, synthesizing the evidence to evaluate cleaning protocols that effectively reduce surface contamination and minimize risk of hospital acquired illness.Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted with a clearly formulated research question and systematic approach to identify publications, select relevant studies, critically appraise the research through analysis of reported data, and reported the results according to the Cochrane methodology.Results: In total, 245 studies were initially identified with 19 studies meeting inclusion criteria. Emerging categories include chemical application methods, chemical application time, cleaning type and frequency, and interventions for training and monitoring.Conclusions: Establishing adequate cleaning protocols for hospital environments is a complex process which requires consideration of multiple components including mechanical action, chemical application materials, types of cleaning, chemical contact times, education and training of EVS staff, cleaning monitoring and feedback, no-contact cleaning methods, and self-disinfecting surfaces. Recommendations for protocol development based on the study results are provided.
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Brühwasser, C., H. Heinrich, C. Lass-Flörl, and A. Mayr. "Self-disinfecting surfaces and activity against Staphyloccocus aureus ATCC 6538 under real-life conditions." Journal of Hospital Infection 97, no. 2 (October 2017): 196–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2017.06.022.

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26

Kim, Ji-Hyeon, ChaeWon Mun, Junfei Ma, Sung-Gyu Park, Seunghun Lee, and Chang Su Kim. "Simple Fabrication of Transparent, Colorless, and Self-Disinfecting Polyethylene Terephthalate Film via Cold Plasma Treatment." Nanomaterials 10, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10050949.

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Cross-infection following cross-contamination is a serious social issue worldwide. Pathogens are normally spread by contact with germ-contaminated surfaces. Accordingly, antibacterial surface technologies are urgently needed and have consequently been actively developed in recent years. Among these technologies, biomimetic nanopatterned surfaces that physically kill adhering bacteria have attracted attraction as an effective technological solution to replace toxic chemical disinfectants (biocides). Herein, we introduce a transparent, colorless, and self-disinfecting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film that mimics the surface structure of the Progomphus obscurus (sanddragon) wing physically killing the attached bacteria. The PET film was partially etched via a 4-min carbon tetrafluoride (CF4) plasma treatment. Compared to a flat bare PET film, the plasma-treated film surface exhibited a uniform array structure composed of nanopillars with a 30 nm diameter, 237 nm height, and 75 nm pitch. The plasma-treated PET film showed improvements in optical properties (transmittance and B*) and antibacterial effectiveness over the bare film; the transparency and colorlessness slightly increased, and the antibacterial activity increased from 53.8 to 100% for Staphylococcus aureus, and from 0 to 100% for Escherichia coli. These results demonstrated the feasibility of the CF4 plasma-treated PET film as a potential antibacterial overcoating with good optical properties.
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27

Benakatti, Veena B., Abhijit P. Patil, Jayashee Sajjanar, Supriya S. Shetye, Ulhas N. Amasi, and Raghunath Patil. "Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect and Dimensional Stability of Self-disinfecting Irreversible Hydrocolloid: An in vitro Study." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 18, no. 10 (2017): 887–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2144.

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ABSTRACT Aim This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and dimensional stability of irreversible hydrocolloids mixed with different concentrations of chlorhexidine gluconate instead of water. Materials and methods Experimental specimens (45 specimens) were prepared and allocated into three groups of 15 each. Group I: Impression material mixed with distilled water served as control. Groups II and III were prepared with 0.12 and 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate solution, respectively. Specimens in each group were subjected to tests for dimensional stability. For antimicrobial activity, 30 specimens were prepared and allocated into three groups of 10 each named as group I (control), group II (0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate), and group III (0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate) similar to specimens for dimensional stability. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test. Results Zones of inhibition were observed around test specimens, but not around control specimens; there was a significant intergroup difference in the diameters of the inhibition zones. In the test for dimensional stability, no significant differences were detected among groups, and the accuracy was clinically acceptable. Conclusion Irreversible hydrocolloid impression material mixed with chlorhexidine exhibits varying degrees of antibacterial activity without influencing the dimensional stability of set material. Clinical significance Many contagious diseases can be prevented by practical control of infection in the dental office. Chlorhexidine gluconate, as a mixing liquid, ensures disinfection of impression, and this method of disinfection is more convenient and avoids extra effort as in other disinfection techniques. How to cite this article Benakatti VB, Patil AP, Sajjanar J, Shetye SS, Amasi UN, Patil R. Evaluation of Antibacterial Effect and Dimensional Stability of Self-disinfecting Irreversible Hydrocolloid: An in vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(10):887-892.
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Gerber, Lukas C., Dirk Mohn, Giuseppino Fortunato, Monika Astasov-Frauenhoffer, Thomas Imfeld, Tuomas Waltimo, Matthias Zehnder, and Wendelin J. Stark. "Incorporation of reactive silver-tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles into polyamide 6 allows preparation of self-disinfecting fibers." Polymer Engineering & Science 51, no. 1 (August 30, 2010): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.21779.

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Peddinti, Bharadwaja S. T., Sierra N. Downs, Jiaqi Yan, Steven D. Smith, Reza A. Ghiladi, Vijay Mhetar, Roger Tocchetto, Anthony Griffiths, Frank Scholle, and Richard J. Spontak. "Rapid and Repetitive Inactivation of SARS‐CoV‐2 and Human Coronavirus on Self‐Disinfecting Anionic Polymers." Advanced Science 8, no. 11 (March 8, 2021): 2003503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.202003503.

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Silva, Nelson Renato Franca Alves da, Christine S. Calamia, Paulo G. Coelho, Marcela Rocha de Oliveira Carrilho, Ricardo Marins de Carvalho, Page Caufield, and Van P. Thompson. "Effect of 2% iodine disinfecting solution on bond strength to dentin." Journal of Applied Oral Science 14, no. 6 (December 2006): 399–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572006000600003.

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INTRODUCTION: Disinfection of dentin surfaces is desirable so long as it does not interfere with subsequent bonding of adhesive resins. OBJECTIVE: To test the null hypothesis that bond strengths to dentin are not affected by previous application of an iodine disinfecting solution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four extracted non-carious molars were selected. Occlusal enamel was removed producing a flat dentin substrate. Test teeth were all treated with 2% Iodine disclosing/disinfecting solution (I2DDS) for 20 sec and rinsed for 20 sec followed by the application of self- or total- etching bonding systems, generating five adhesive groups (n=3): Single Bond; ; Prime & Bond NT; Clearfil SE Bond; Opti-Bond Plus. The control groups (n=3 per adhesive) had no disclosing/disinfectant application prior to adhesive application. A 4-mm thick resin restoration was built up on each tooth for microtensile testing. Statistical analyses between experimental and control groups were performed by student's t-test (alpha= 0.05). RESULTS: In general, experimental groups (previously treated with I2DDS) showed significantly lower bond strength values when compared with their respective controls (p<0.05), except for group Prime &Bond I2 that did not significantly differ from its control (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: Acetone-base adhesive systems seem not to be affected by the application of I2DDS prior to etching and bonding procedures.
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Reszke, Radomir, Marta Szepietowska, Piotr K. Krajewski, Łukasz Matusiak, Rafał Białynicki-Birula, and Jacek C. Szepietowski. "Face Mask Usage among Young Polish People during the COVID-19 Epidemic—An Evolving Scenario." Healthcare 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2021): 638. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9060638.

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The usage of face masks has been mandated in many countries in an attempt to diminish the spread of SARS-CoV-2. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine face mask-wearing behaviors and practices in 1173 young Polish people during the second wave of the COVID-19 epidemic in October 2020. The majority of respondents (97.4%) declared that they wore face masks in areas/situations where it is mandatory. The most common types of utilized face masks were cloth masks (47.7%) and surgical masks (47%), followed by respirators (N95/FFP3) (3.2%) and half-face elastomeric respirators (0.9%). Over 38% reported frequently disinfecting their face masks, especially females. Respondents reporting personal atopic predisposition (64.5% vs. 72.1%; p = 0.02) or sensitive skin (65.5% vs. 74.3%; p = 0.005) declared multiple use of face masks less commonly than other individuals. Individuals suffering from facial skin lesions declared disinfecting face masks more commonly (40.8% vs. 34.9%; p = 0.04). Overall, the self-declared utilization of face masks among young people in Poland has improved since the beginning of the epidemic as compared with our previous study. Until the mass vaccination of the public is achieved and government policy is changed, face mask use remains a valuable tool to decrease the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.
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Khwanmuang, Phasinee, Chanita Naparswad, Somwit Archakunakorn, Chattaruk Waicharoen, and Chayanisa Chitichotpanya. "Optimization of in situ synthesis of Ag/PU nanocomposites using response surface methodology for self-disinfecting coatings." Progress in Organic Coatings 110 (September 2017): 104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2017.03.002.

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33

Humphreys, H. "Self-disinfecting and Microbiocide-Impregnated Surfaces and Fabrics: What Potential in Interrupting the Spread of Healthcare-Associated Infection?" Clinical Infectious Diseases 58, no. 6 (November 21, 2013): 848–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/cit765.

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Nie, Xiaolin, Shuanglin Wu, Alfred Mensah, Qingqing Wang, Fenglin Huang, and Qufu Wei. "FRET as a novel strategy to enhance the singlet oxygen generation of porphyrinic MOF decorated self-disinfecting fabrics." Chemical Engineering Journal 395 (September 2020): 125012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125012.

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Lou, Yuzhen, Damien Schapman, Dimitri Mercier, Stéphane Alexandre, Fabrice Burel, Pascal Thebault, and Nasreddine Kébir. "Self-disinfecting PDMS surfaces with high quaternary ammonium functionality by direct surface photoinitiated polymerization of vinylbenzyl dimethylbutylammonium chloride." European Polymer Journal 152 (June 2021): 110473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110473.

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Ainsworth, Ben, Sascha Miller, James Denison-Day, Beth Stuart, Julia Groot, Cathy Rice, Jennifer Bostock, et al. "Infection Control Behavior at Home During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Observational Study of a Web-Based Behavioral Intervention (Germ Defence)." Journal of Medical Internet Research 23, no. 2 (February 25, 2021): e22197. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22197.

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Background To control the COVID-19 pandemic, people should adopt protective behaviors at home (self-isolation, social distancing, putting shopping and packages aside, wearing face coverings, cleaning and disinfecting, and handwashing). There is currently limited support to help individuals conduct these behaviors. Objective This study aims to report current household infection control behaviors in the United Kingdom and examine how they might be improved. Methods This was a pragmatic cross-sectional observational study of anonymous participant data from Germ Defence between May 6-24, 2020. Germ Defence is an open-access fully automated website providing behavioral advice for infection control within households. A total of 28,285 users sought advice from four website pathways based on household status (advice to protect themselves generally, to protect others if the user was showing symptoms, to protect themselves if household members were showing symptoms, and to protect a household member who is at high risk). Users reported current infection control behaviors within the home and intentions to change these behaviors. Results Current behaviors varied across all infection control measures but were between sometimes (face covering: mean 1.61, SD 1.19; social distancing: mean 2.40, SD 1.22; isolating: mean 2.78, SD 1.29; putting packages and shopping aside: mean 2.75, SD 1.55) and quite often (cleaning and disinfecting: mean 3.17, SD 1.18), except for handwashing (very often: mean 4.00, SD 1.03). Behaviors were similar regardless of the website pathway used. After using Germ Defence, users recorded intentions to improve infection control behavior across all website pathways and for all behaviors (overall average infection control score mean difference 0.30, 95% CI 0.29-0.31). Conclusions Self-reported infection control behaviors other than handwashing are lower than is optimal for infection prevention, although handwashing is much higher. Advice using behavior change techniques in Germ Defence led to intentions to improve these behaviors. Promoting Germ Defence within national and local public health and primary care guidance could reduce COVID-19 transmission.
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FORTES, Carmen Beatriz Borges, Vicente Castelo Branco LEITUNE, Fabrício Mezzomo COLLARES, Nélio Bairros DORNELLES JUNIOR, Stéfani Becker RODRIGUES, Susana Werner SAMUEL, Cesar Liberato PETZHOLD, and Valter STEFANI. "Acrylic resin disinfection by peracetic acid and microwave energy." RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia 63, no. 3 (September 2015): 315–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720150003000093013.

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Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of disinfection methods in microwave and immersion in peracetic acid in heat-cured, self-cured and microwave-cured acrylic resin, contaminated with Candida albicans. Methods: Five specimens were prepared for each type of acrylic resin. All were infected with Candida Albicans, incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The group which underwent microwave energy was irradiated with a power of 840W for 1 minute and the other group underwent disinfection by soaking of 0.2% peracetic acid for 5 minutes. Results: All samples proved to be contaminated after the incubation period. After the different processes of disinfection, both immersion in 0.2% peracetic acid as microwave irradiation were effective in disinfection of the 3 types of acrylic resins contaminated by Candida Albicans. Conclusion: Concluded that soaking in 0,2% peracetic acid for 5 minutes with microwave irradiation power 840W for 1 minute are effective methods for disinfecting heat-cured acrylic resin, self-cured acrylic resin and microwave-cured acrylic resin, contaminated with Candida Albicans.
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Jakubczak, Michał, Ewa Karwowska, Anita Rozmysłowska-Wojciechowska, Mateusz Petrus, Jarosław Woźniak, Joanna Mitrzak, and Agnieszka M. Jastrzębska. "Filtration Materials Modified with 2D Nanocomposites—A New Perspective for Point-of-Use Water Treatment." Materials 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14010182.

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Point-of-use (POU) water treatment systems and devices play an essential role in limited access to sanitary safe water resources. The filtering materials applied in POU systems must effectively eliminate contaminants, be readily produced and stable, and avoid secondary contamination of the treated water. We report an innovative, 2D Ti3C2/Al2O3/Ag/Cu nanocomposite-modified filtration material with the application potential for POU water treatment. The material is characterized by improved filtration velocity relative to an unmodified reference material, effective elimination of microorganisms, and self-disinfecting potential, which afforded the collection of 99.6% of bacteria in the filter. The effect was obtained with nanocomposite levels as low as 1%. Surface oxidation of the modified material increased its antimicrobial efficiency. No secondary release of the nanocomposites into the filtrate was observed and confirmed the stability of the material and its suitability for practical application in water treatment.
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Gamage, Joanne, and Zisheng Zhang. "Applications of Photocatalytic Disinfection." International Journal of Photoenergy 2010 (2010): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/764870.

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Due to the superior ability of photocatalysis to inactivate a wide range of harmful microorganisms, it is being examined as a viable alternative to traditional disinfection methods such as chlorination, which can produce harmful byproducts. Photocatalysis is a versatile and effective process that can be adapted for use in many applications for disinfection in both air and water matrices. Additionally, photocatalytic surfaces are being developed and tested for use in the context of “self-disinfecting” materials. Studies on the photocatalytic technique for disinfection demonstrate this process to have potential for widespread applications in indoor air and environmental health, biological, and medical applications, laboratory and hospital applications, pharmaceutical and food industry, plant protection applications, wastewater and effluents treatment, and drinking water disinfection. Studies on photocatalytic disinfection using a variety of techniques and test organisms are reviewed, with an emphasis on the end-use application of developed technologies and methods.
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Di Battista, Andrew, Christos Nicolaides, and Orestis Georgiou. "Modelling disease transmission from touchscreen user interfaces." Royal Society Open Science 8, no. 7 (July 2021): 210625. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210625.

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The extensive use of touchscreens for all manner of human–computer interactions has made them plausible instruments of touch-mediated disease transmission. To that end, we employ stochastic simulations to model human–fomite interaction with a distinct focus on touchscreen interfaces. The timings and frequency of interactions from within a closed population of infectious and susceptible individuals was modelled using a queuing network. A pseudo-reproductive number R was used to compare outcomes under various parameter conditions. We then apply the simulation to a specific real-world scenario; namely that of airport self-check-in and baggage drop. A counterintuitive result was that R decreased with increased touch rates required for touchscreen interaction. Additionally, as one of few parameters to be controlled, the rate of cleaning/disinfecting screens plays an essential role in mitigating R , though alternative technological strategies could prove more effective. The simulation model developed provides a foundation for future advances in more sophisticated fomite disease-transmission modelling.
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Hosny, Alaa El-Dien M. S., Hala A. Farrag, Omneya M. Helmy, Soheir A. A. Hagras, and Amr El-Hag Ali. "In-vitro evaluation of antibacterial and antibiofilm efficiency of radiation-modified polyurethane–ZnO nanocomposite to be used as a self-disinfecting catheter." Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16878507.2020.1719328.

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AL-Shammary, Asma Ayyed, Sehar un-Nisa Hassan, Aqeela Zahra, Fahad Bin Zafir Algahtani, and Shadi Suleiman. "Role of community-based measures in adherence to self-protective behaviors during first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia." Health Promotion Perspectives 11, no. 1 (February 7, 2021): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpp.2021.10.

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Background: The expected second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has started in various regions of the world. Public health experts warned that it could be as lethal as the first wave if people did not comply with self-protective measures. Currently, there is a gap in the literature on the relationship between peoples’ assessment of the effectiveness of community-based measures regarding adherence to self-protective behaviors for COVID-19 prevention and control. This study aimed to assess the role of the perceived effectiveness of community-based measures in adherence to self-protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: The cross-sectional online survey conducted from March 24 to June 22, 2020. The study sample Included 400 participants (49% male and 51% female) from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The outcome measure was compliance to four self-protective behaviors i.e., "social distancing;" "wearing facemask;" "washing hands more frequently;" and "disinfecting surfaces in homes." We computed Chi-square statistics and odds ratios (ORs) using 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: The findings demonstrated that participants aged 25–34 years old were 25% less likely to comply with hand hygiene (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.33–0.95) and social distancing (OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.34–0.98). Misconceptions related to COVID-19 significantly decreased compliance with self-protective behaviors by up to 27%. Participants who rated government decisions as useful were approximately 1.7 times more likely to comply with self-protective behaviors. Conclusion: Community-based measures should focus on engaging segments of the population That are currently less compliant. Health education policies should also focus on enhancing the perceived sense of control and personal responsibility and reduce anxiety levels. A continuous commitment to the implementation of preventive interventions and the clarification of misconceptions are required to combat the expected second wave.
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Sifri, Costi D., Gene H. Burke, and Kyle B. Enfield. "Reduced health care-associated infections in an acute care community hospital using a combination of self-disinfecting copper-impregnated composite hard surfaces and linens." American Journal of Infection Control 44, no. 12 (December 2016): 1565–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2016.07.007.

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Margarucci, Lory Marika, Gianluca Gianfranceschi, Vincenzo Romano Spica, Giuseppe D’Ermo, Cristiano Refi, Maurizio Podico, Matteo Vitali, Ferdinando Romano, and Federica Valeriani. "Photocatalytic Treatments for Personal Protective Equipment: Experimental Microbiological Investigations and Perspectives for the Enhancement of Antimicrobial Activity by Micrometric TiO2." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 16 (August 16, 2021): 8662. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18168662.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has led to countries enforcing the use of facial masks to prevent contagion. However, acquisition, reuse, and disposal of personal protective equipment (PPE) has generated problems, in regard to the safety of individuals and environmental sustainability. Effective strategies to reprocess and disinfect PPE are needed to improve the efficacy and durability of this equipment and to reduce waste load. Thus, the addition of photocatalytic materials to these materials, combined with light exposure at specific wavelengths, may represent promising solutions. To this aim, we prepared a series of masks by depositing micrometer-sized TiO2 on the external surfaces; the masks were then contaminated with droplets of bacteria suspensions and the coatings were activated by light radiation at different wavelengths. A significant reduction in the microbial load (over 90%, p < 0.01) was observed using both Gram negative (E. coli) and Gram positive (S. aureus) bacteria within 15 min of irradiation, with UV or visible light, including sunlight or artificial sources. Our results support the need for further investigations on self-disinfecting masks and other disposable PPE, which could positively impact (i) the safety of operators/workers, and (ii) environmental sustainability in different occupational or recreational settings.
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Wang, Tingting, Wangbingfei Chen, Tingting Dong, Zihao Lv, Siming Zheng, Xiuming Cao, Qufu Wei, Reza A. Ghiladi, and Qingqing Wang. "Color-Variable Photodynamic Antimicrobial Wool/Acrylic Blended Fabrics." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 17, 2020): 4141. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184141.

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Towards the goal of developing scalable, economical and effective antimicrobial textiles to reduce infection transmission, here we prepared color-variable photodynamic materials comprised of photosensitizer (PS)-loaded wool/acrylic (W/A) blends. Wool fibers in the W/A blended fabrics were loaded with the photosensitizer rose bengal (RB), and the acrylic fibers were dyed with a variety of traditional cationic dyes (cationic yellow, cationic blue and cationic red) to broaden their color range. Investigations on the colorimetric and photodynamic properties of a series of these materials were implemented through CIELab evaluation, as well as photooxidation and antibacterial studies. Generally, the photodynamic efficacy of these dual-dyed fabrics was impacted by both the choice, and how much of the traditional cationic dye was employed in the dyeing of the W/A fabrics. When compared with the PS-only singly-dyed material, RB-W/A, that showed a 99.97% (3.5 log units; p = 0.02) reduction of Staphylococcus aureus under visible light illumination (λ ≥ 420 nm, 60 min), the addition of cationic dyes led to a slight decrease in the photoinactivation ability of the dual-dyed fabrics, but was still able to achieve a 99.3% inactivation of S. aureus. Overall, our findings demonstrate the feasibility and potential applications of low cost and color variable RB-loaded W/A blended fabrics as effective self-disinfecting textiles against pathogen transmission.
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Khaiboullina, Svetlana, Timsy Uppal, Nikhil Dhabarde, Vaidyanathan Ravi Subramanian, and Subhash C. Verma. "Inactivation of Human Coronavirus by Titania Nanoparticle Coatings and UVC Radiation: Throwing Light on SARS-CoV-2." Viruses 13, no. 1 (December 24, 2020): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13010019.

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The newly identified pathogenic human coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, led to an atypical pneumonia-like severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) outbreak called coronavirus disease 2019 (abbreviated as COVID-19). Currently, nearly 77 million cases have been confirmed worldwide with the highest numbers of COVID-19 cases in the United States. Individuals are getting vaccinated with recently approved vaccines, which are highly protective in suppressing COVID-19 symptoms but there will be a long way before the majority of individuals get vaccinated. In the meantime, safety precautions and effective disease control strategies appear to be vital for preventing the virus spread in public places. Due to the longevity of the virus on smooth surfaces, photocatalytic properties of “self-disinfecting/cleaning” surfaces appear to be a promising tool to help guide disinfection policies for controlling SARS-CoV-2 spread in high-traffic areas such as hospitals, grocery stores, airports, schools, and stadiums. Here, we explored the photocatalytic properties of nanosized TiO2 (TNPs) as induced by the UV radiation, towards virus deactivation. Our preliminary results using a close genetic relative of SAR-CoV-2, HCoV-NL63, showed the virucidal efficacy of photoactive TNPs deposited on glass coverslips, as examined by quantitative RT-qPCR and virus infectivity assays. Efforts to extrapolate the underlying concepts described in this study to SARS-CoV-2 are currently underway.
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Zoya Hasan Khan, Trupti Thakre, and Sourabh G. Deshmukh. "Role of Ayurveda Dincharya in Prevention of Infectious Diseases with special reference to Covid 19." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL1 (December 21, 2020): 1867–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.4524.

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Health means not only the freedom from disease but its ability to work with self-control and satisfaction. According to WHO health is to define as a state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease. Social and cultural pressures can only be endured by a healthy individual. Health is only the factor which helps to achieve Dharma (Attain Pious) Artha (Wealth) Kama (Desire) and Moksha (Salvation). As per Ayurveda, proper lifestyle or the person following Dinacharya, Ritucharya explained by acharya having disease-free life. The ideal lifestyle or routine or various duties from day to day in a day called daily regimen (Dinacharya). Recently Ayush Ministry has given some measures has to be taken in Dincharya. These measures include Dhumpana by dravyas having antiseptic and antimicrobial properties then, installing taila or ghrita in both the nostrils (Pratimarsha Nasya) at morning and evening helps to boost immunity. This practice acts as the first line of defense against the destabilizing influences of an external environment and will improve the condition of health. But most importantly, it will increase positivity in one, which is the prime requirement of the person dealing with COVID 19 patients. This should be the practical approach in the condition like atmosphere full of COVID 19 virus; One should always wear clean clothes and never share with others. Graha Dhuma is a unique technique mentioned in the texts for disinfecting the rooms. If all these daily regimens follow strictly, can help to prevent the spread of pandemic like covid-19.
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Tobin, Jonathan N., Suzanne Hower, Brianna M. D’Orazio, María Pardos de la Gándara, Teresa H. Evering, Chamanara Khalida, Jessica Ramachandran, et al. "Comparative Effectiveness Study of Home-Based Interventions to Prevent CA-MRSA Infection Recurrence." Antibiotics 10, no. 9 (September 13, 2021): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics10091105.

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Recurrent skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) caused by Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) or Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MSSA) present treatment challenges. This community-based trial examined the effectiveness of an evidence-based intervention (CDC Guidelines, topical decolonization, surface decontamination) to reduce SSTI recurrence, mitigate household contamination/transmission, and improve patient-reported outcomes. Participants (n = 186) were individuals with confirmed MRSA(+)/MSSA(+) SSTIs and their household members. During home visits; Community Health Workers/Promotoras provided hygiene instructions; a five-day supply of nasal mupirocin; chlorhexidine for body cleansing; and household disinfecting wipes (Experimental; EXP) or Usual Care Control (UC CON) pamphlets. Primary outcome was six-month SSTI recurrence from electronic health records (EHR). Home visits (months 0; 3) and telephone assessments (months 0; 1; 6) collected self-report data. Index patients and participating household members provided surveillance culture swabs. Secondary outcomes included household surface contamination; household member colonization and transmission; quality of life; and satisfaction with care. There were no significant differences in SSTI recurrence between EXP and UC in the intent-to-treat cohort (n = 186) or the enrolled cohort (n = 119). EXP participants showed reduced but non-significant colonization rates. EXP and UC did not differ in household member transmission, contaminated surfaces, or patient-reported outcomes. This intervention did not reduce clinician-reported MRSA/MSSA SSTI recurrence. Taken together with other recent studies that employed more intensive decolonization protocols, it is possible that a promotora-delivered intervention instructing treatment for a longer or repetitive duration may be effective and should be examined by future studies.
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Zhang, Weiyu, Xiaoting Yang, Jinfeng Zhao, Fengzhi Yang, Yajing Jia, Can Cui, and Xiaoshi Yang. "Depression and Psychological-Behavioral Responses Among the General Public in China During the Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Survey Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 9 (September 4, 2020): e22227. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22227.

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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has recently spread dramatically worldwide, raising considerable concerns and resulting in detrimental effects on the psychological health of people who are vulnerable to the disease. Therefore, assessment of depression in members of the general public and their psychological and behavioral responses is essential for the maintenance of health. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and the associated factors among the general public during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted from February 11 to 16, 2020, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A self-administrated smartphone questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and psychological and behavioral responses was distributed to the general public. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the associated factors of depression.aA cross-sectional survey with convenience sampling was conducted from February 11 to 16, 2020, in the early stages of the COVID-19 outbreak in China. A self-administrated smartphone questionnaire based on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and psychological and behavioral responses was distributed to the general public. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were conducted to explore the associated factors of depression. Results The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 score ≥10) among the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic was 182/1342 (13.6%). Regression analysis indicated that feeling stressed, feeling helpless, persistently being worried even with support, never feeling clean after disinfecting, scrubbing hands and items repeatedly, hoarding food, medicine, or daily supplies, and being distracted from work or study were positively associated with depression, while social support and being calm were negatively associated with depression. Conclusions The general public suffered from high levels of depression during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, COVID-19–related mood management and social support should be provided to attenuate depression in the general public.
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Jandial, UrjaAhuja, DakshitaJoy Sinha, Natasha Jaiswal, UdaiPratap Singh, Shivika Goel, and Onkar Singh. "Comparative evaluation of the effect of different disinfecting agents on bond strength of composite resin to dentin using two-step self-etch and etch and rinse bonding systems: An in-vitro study." Journal of Conservative Dentistry 21, no. 4 (2018): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_66_17.

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