Journal articles on the topic 'Self-directed recovery'
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Deegan, Patricia E. "Recovery as a Self-Directed Process of Healing and Transformation." Occupational Therapy in Mental Health 17, no. 3-4 (September 14, 2002): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j004v17n03_02.
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Studer, Bettina, Alicja Timm, Barbara J. Sahakian, Tobias Kalenscher, and Stefan Knecht. "A decision-neuroscientific intervention to improve cognitive recovery after stroke." Brain 144, no. 6 (March 20, 2021): 1764–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab128.
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Abstract Functional recovery after stroke is dose-dependent on the amount of rehabilitative training. However, rehabilitative training is subject to motivational hurdles. Decision neuroscience formalizes drivers and dampers of behaviour and provides strategies for tipping motivational trade-offs and behaviour change. Here, we used one such strategy, upfront voluntary choice restriction (‘precommitment’), and tested if it can increase the amount of self-directed rehabilitative training in severely impaired stroke patients. In this randomized controlled study, stroke patients with working memory deficits (n = 83) were prescribed daily self-directed gamified cognitive training as an add-on to standard therapy during post-acute inpatient neurorehabilitation. Patients allocated to the precommitment intervention could choose to restrict competing options to self-directed training, specifically the possibility to meet visitors. This upfront choice restriction was opted for by all patients in the intervention group and highly effective. Patients in the precommitment group performed the prescribed self-directed gamified cognitive training twice as often as control group patients who were not offered precommitment [on 50% versus 21% of days, Pcorr = 0.004, d = 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI95%) = 0.31 to 1.42], and, as a consequence, reached a 3-fold higher total training dose (90.21 versus 33.60 min, Pcorr = 0.004, d = 0.83, CI95% = 0.27 to 1.38). Moreover, add-on self-directed cognitive training was associated with stronger improvements in visuospatial and verbal working memory performance (Pcorr = 0.002, d = 0.72 and Pcorr = 0.036, d = 0.62). Our neuroscientific decision add-on intervention strongly increased the amount of effective cognitive training performed by severely impaired stroke patients. These results warrant a full clinical trial to link decision-based neuroscientific interventions directly with clinical outcome.
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Hamm, Jay A., Kelly D. Buck, Bethany L. Leonhardt, Lauren Luther, and Paul H. Lysaker. "Self-directed recovery in schizophrenia: Attending to clients’ agendas in psychotherapy." Journal of Psychotherapy Integration 28, no. 2 (June 2018): 188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/int0000070.
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Canady, Valerie A. "NYS Self‐Directed Care Pilot promotes person‐centered focus toward recovery." Mental Health Weekly 29, no. 46 (December 9, 2019): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mhw.32152.
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Yang, Yongsheng, Xiaoyu Fang, Si-Si Zhao, Fengyang Bai, Zhen Zhao, Ke-Zhi Wang, and Dongpeng Yan. "One-dimensional co-crystallized coordination polymers showing reversible mechanochromic luminescence: cation–anion interaction directed rapid self-recovery." Chemical Communications 56, no. 39 (2020): 5267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc09806b.
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Cook, Judith A., Carolyn Russell, Dennis D. Grey, and Jessica A. Jonikas. "Economic Grand Rounds: A Self-Directed Care Model for Mental Health Recovery." Psychiatric Services 59, no. 6 (June 2008): 600–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/ps.2008.59.6.600.
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Naughton, Jonine N. L., Darryl Maybery, Keith Sutton, Soumya Basu, and Matthew Carroll. "Is self‐directed mental health recovery relevant for children and young people?" International Journal of Mental Health Nursing 29, no. 4 (February 10, 2020): 661–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/inm.12699.
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Croft, Bevin, Kristin Battis, Laysha Ostrow, and Mark S. Salzer. "Service costs and mental health self-direction: Findings from consumer recovery investment fund self-directed care." Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 42, no. 4 (December 2019): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/prj0000374.
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Van Wijk, R., and F. A. C. Wiegant. "Stimulation of self-recovery by similia principle?" British Homeopathic Journal 84, no. 03 (July 1995): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0007-0785(05)80063-8.
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AbstractThis paper describes how the similia principle can be studied best in fundamental research. 2 questions are raised: ‘What is known about the regulatory principles at which homoeopathic treatment is directed?’ and ‘In what kind of conditions can these regulatory principles be studied best?’ The vision of Hahnemann and ideas related to the ‘field concept’ developed in this century are discussed.With respect to the first question, the phenomenon of ‘self-recovery’ takes a central position. The essence of homoeopathy is stimulation of self-recovery by application of the similia principle. By analysing self-recovery on different levels, we conclude that research on the molecular and cell biological level can use low potencies only (containing molecules of the original substance). We consider whether stimulation of disturbed self-repair occurs by application of low doses of the disturbing agent.At the cellular level ‘self-repair’ can be defined as a supplementation of protector proteins, an enhancement of resistance to the disturbing agent and a temporary stimulation of proliferation in order to compensate for cell death. These parameters are clearly defined and can be measured using highly standardised and validated cell biological techniques.
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Englert, Gianna. "Fénelon and the political summum malum of self-love." European Journal of Political Theory 20, no. 3 (March 25, 2021): 587–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14748851211002016.
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In The Political Philosophy of Fénelon, Ryan Hanley argues that Fénelon was a realist who aimed to elevate and educate self-love—rather than resist it—in order to avoid tyranny. This roundtable article examines two of Fenelon’s arguments for how self-love, well-directed, could circumvent a king’s absolutist and tyrannical inclinations: 1) the king’s need to be loved and to love in turn, and 2) the relationship between faith and politics / church and state. Contrasting Fénelon with Machiavelli, I question whether the ruler’s “need-love” for his people leaves him susceptible to forms of domination or at least, as Machiavelli warned, renders them politically weak. Given Hanley’s interest to recover Fénelon for the present day, I conclude by arguing that the thinker’s insights about the limiting role of well-directed self-love are inescapably tied to his critiques of absolutism. The same need-love of the people, I argue, cannot similarly check executive power under democracy. Nonetheless, Fénelon’s perspective remains valuable, as does Hanley’s project of recovery, since democracies continue to reckon with particular problems raised by self-love.
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Cook, Judith A., Samuel E. Shore, Jane K. Burke-Miller, Jessica A. Jonikas, Matthew Ferrara, Susan Colegrove, Walter T. Norris, et al. "Participatory action research to establish self-directed care for mental health recovery in Texas." Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal 34, no. 2 (2010): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2975/34.2.2010.137.144.
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De Oliveira Silva, Danilo, Marcella F. Pazzinatto, Kay M. Crossley, Fabio M. Azevedo, and Christian J. Barton. "Novel Stepped Care Approach to Provide Education and Exercise Therapy for Patellofemoral Pain: Feasibility Study." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 7 (July 22, 2020): e18584. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18584.
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Background Patellofemoral pain (PFP) impairs joint- and health-related quality of life and may be associated with knee osteoarthritis. We developed a novel, 2-phase, stepped-care approach for PFP, combining (1) self-directed web-based education and exercise therapy with (2) physiotherapist-supported education and exercise therapy. Physiotherapy sessions can be provided using 2 different modalities: face-to-face and telerehabilitation. Objective This study aims to (1) determine the feasibility of our stepped-care approach, (2) explore patient-reported outcomes following self-directed web-based education and exercise therapy in people with PFP (phase 1), and (3) estimate the differences in treatment effects between face-to-face and telerehabilitation to support further education and exercise therapy (phase 2) in those who had not completely recovered following self-directed care. Methods Phase 1 involved 6 weeks of self-directed web-based education and exercise therapy. Phase 2 involved random allocation to a further 12 weeks of physiotherapist-led (up to 8 sessions) education and exercise therapy delivered face-to-face or via telerehabilitation to participants who did not rate themselves as completely recovered following phase 1. Feasibility indicators of process, adherence, and participant retention were collected as primary outcomes alongside patient-reported outcomes on Global Rating of Change and knee pain, disability, knee-related quality of life, pain catastrophism, kinesiophobia, and knee self-efficacy. All participants were assessed at baseline, 6 weeks, and 18 weeks. Results A total of 71 participants were screened to identify 35 participants with PFP to enter the study. Overall, 100% (35/35) and 88% (31/35) of the participants were followed up with at 6 and 18 weeks, respectively. In phase 1 of the study, participants accessed the My Knee Cap website for an average of 6 (7.5) days and performed the exercises for an average of 2.5 (3.6) times per week. A total of 20% (7/35) of the participants reported that they had completely recovered at 6 weeks. Furthermore, 93% (26/28) of the participants who were followed up and had not completely recovered at 6 weeks agreed to be enrolled in phase 2. No statistically significant differences were found between the face-to-face and telerehabilitation groups for any outcome. The novel stepped-care approach was associated with marked improvement or complete recovery in 40% (14/35) of the participants following phase 1 and 71% (25/35) of the participants following phase 2. Conclusions Self-directed web-based education and exercise therapy for people with PFP is feasible, as noted by the high rate of participant retention and home exercise adherence achieved in this study. Furthermore, 20% (7/35) of people reported complete recovery at 6 weeks. Both face-to-face and telerehabilitation physiotherapy should be considered for those continuing to seek care, as there is no difference in outcomes between these delivery modes. Determining the efficacy of the stepped-care model may help guide more efficient health care for PFP.
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Chen, Jianxiong, Xiaodong Ming, Zitao Guo, Yi Shi, Moying Li, Zhongpeng Guo, Yu Xin, Zhenghua Gu, Liang Zhang, and Xuan Guo. "Improvement in the Environmental Stability of Haloalkane Dehalogenase with Self-Assembly Directed Nano-Hybrid with Iron Phosphate." Catalysts 12, no. 8 (July 27, 2022): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12080825.
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Haloalkane dehalogenase (DhaA) catalyzes the hydrolysis of halogenated compounds through the cleavage of carbon halogen bonds. However, the low activity, poor environmental stability, and difficult recycling of free DhaA greatly increases the economic cost of practical application. Inspired by the organic–inorganic hybrid system, an iron-based hybrid nanocomposite biocatalyst FeHN@DhaA is successfully constructed to enhance its environmental tolerability. A series of characterization methods demonstrate that the synthesized enzyme–metal iron complexes exhibit granular nanostructures with good crystallinity. Under optimized conditions, the activity recovery and the effective encapsulation yield of FeHN@DhaA are 138.54% and 87.21%, respectively. Moreover, it not only exhibits excellent immobilized enzymatic properties but also reveals better tolerance to extreme acid, and is alkali compared with the free DhaA. In addition, the immobilized enzyme FeHN@DhaA can be easily recovered and has a satisfactory reusability, retaining 57.8% of relative activity after five reaction cycles. The results of this study might present an alternative immobilized DhaA-based clean biotechnology for the decontamination of organochlorine pollutants.
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Paulton, Joshua, Amanjot Gill, and Joelle Prevost. "GUT-DIRECTED SELF-HYPNOSIS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PROTOCOL: COMPLIMENTARY PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR REMISSION AUGMENTATION, IBS-LIKE SYMPTOMS, AND SURGERY RECOVERY." Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 27, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021): S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ibd/izaa347.126.
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Abstract Background Gut-directed hypnosis (GDH) is a complimentary therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), that can be learnt by patients to practice self-hypnosis. GDH in IBD has augmented remission and improved inflammation. GDH has a history of successful use for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). In IBD it may also improve IBS-like symptoms in remission and recovery from surgery. GDH is suitable for youth and adult IBD patients. In hypnosis, a relaxed state is inducted then suggestions to subconscious mind processes are made. In IBD, the mechanism of action of GDH is unknown but may influence the disease stress response. Aims Aims are the development of a GDH self-hypnosis protocol for IBD, with appropriate target symptoms. Patients first learn to practice with a clinician, then as complimentary psychotherapy for remission augmentation, IBS-like symptoms, and surgery recovery. Methods GDH is practiced first with a clinician, and then by patients as self-hypnosis (table 1). Patients receive psycho-education on GDH for IBD. Next, appropriate treatment goals are made, based on target symptoms. Relaxation techniques induce patient to a deeply relaxed state. Therapeutic suggestions specific to patient goals are given: verbal suggestions, visualizations, and post-hypnotic suggestions. Suggestions can focus on having a healthy digestive system, inflammation and symptoms reduction, and achievement and sustainment of remission. Patients emerge from hypnosis, are debriefed, and encouraged to practice ongoing self-hypnosis. Results In IBD, GDH self-hypnosis can be learnt from clinicians and practiced by patients as a complimentary therapy. Patients’ achievement and sustainment of remission, with clinical markers of inflammation can be monitored. Patients can monitor subjective improvement of IBS-like symptoms and post surgery, recovery progress can be monitored. Conclusions GDH has a history of use for IBS. In IBD, it has been shown to modulate remission, and may improve IBS-like symptoms, and in surgery recovery. The mechanism of action of GDH in IBD may influence the disease stress response. Clinicians trained in GDH are limited currently. Patients may learn GDH self- hypnosis to as a complimentary psychotherapy.
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Dykema, Lindsay-Rose. "Thankful in Adversity." Journal of Bahá’í Studies 28, no. 1-2 (June 1, 2018): 69–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31581/jbs-28.1-2.4(2018).
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Mental health recovery has been conceptualized as a process through which individuals with severe mental illness improve their health and wellness, live a self-directed life, and work toward meaningful personal goals. While this is clearly an improvement over the traditional medical model of treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders, the spiritual dimension of mental health recovery still warrants closer investigation. The idea that adversity may offer spiritual insight and opportunities for personal growth—a common theme in the teachings of the Bahá’í Faith—is particularly worthy of consideration. This paper reflects on how both the Bahá’í Writings and the literature on benefit finding can enhance the understanding and applications of mental health recovery principles.
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Paulton, J. P., J. Prevost, and A. K. Gill. "A179 GUT-DIRECTED SELF-HYPNOSIS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PROTOCOL: COMPLIMENTARY PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR REMISSION AUGMENTATION, IBS-LIKE SYMPTOMS, AND SURGERY RECOVERY." Journal of the Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 4, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2021): 192–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcag/gwab002.177.
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Abstract Background Gut-directed hypnosis (GDH) is a complimentary therapy for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), that can be learnt by patients to practice self-hypnosis. GDH in IBD has augmented remission and improved inflammation. GDH has a history of successful use for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS). In IBD it may also improve IBS-like symptoms in remission and recovery from surgery. GDH is suitable for youth and adult IBD patients. In hypnosis, a relaxed state is inducted then suggestions to subconscious mind processes are made. In IBD, the mechanism of action of GDH is unknown but may influence the disease stress response. Aims Aims are the development of a GDH self-hypnosis protocol for IBD, with appropriate target symptoms. Patients first learn to practice with a clinician, then as complimentary psychotherapy for remission augmentation, IBS-like symptoms, and surgery recovery. Methods GDH is practiced first with a clinician, and then by patients as self-hypnosis (table 1). Patients receive psycho-education on GDH for IBD. Next, appropriate treatment goals are made, based on target symptoms. Relaxation techniques induce patient to a deeply relaxed state. Therapeutic suggestions specific to patient goals are given: verbal suggestions, visualizations, and post-hypnotic suggestions. Suggestions can focus on having a healthy digestive system, inflammation and symptoms reduction, and achievement and sustainment of remission. Patients emerge from hypnosis, are debriefed, and encouraged to practice ongoing self-hypnosis. Results In IBD, GDH self-hypnosis can be learnt from clinicians and practiced by patients as a complimentary therapy. Patients’ achievement and sustainment of remission, with clinical markers of inflammation can be monitored. Patients can monitor subjective improvement of IBS-like symptoms and post surgery, recovery progress can be monitored. Conclusions GDH has a history of use for IBS. In IBD, it has been shown to modulate remission, and may improve IBS-like symptoms, and in surgery recovery. The mechanism of action of GDH in IBD may influence the disease stress response. Clinicians trained in GDH are limited currently. Patients may learn GDH self-hypnosis as a complimentary psychotherapy. Funding Agencies None
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Da-Silva, Ruth H., Sarah A. Moore, and Christopher I. Price. "Self-directed therapy programmes for arm rehabilitation after stroke: a systematic review." Clinical Rehabilitation 32, no. 8 (May 13, 2018): 1022–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215518775170.
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Aim: To investigate the effectiveness of self-directed arm interventions in adult stroke survivors. Methods: A systematic review of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS and IEEE Xplore up to February 2018 was carried out. Studies of stroke arm interventions were included where more than 50% of the time spent in therapy was initiated and carried out by the participant. Quality of the evidence was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 40 studies ( n = 1172 participants) were included (19 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 21 before–after studies). Studies were grouped according to no technology or the main additional technology used (no technology n = 5; interactive gaming n = 6; electrical stimulation n = 11; constraint-induced movement therapy n = 6; robotic and dynamic orthotic devices n = 8; mirror therapy n = 1; telerehabilitation n = 2; wearable devices n = 1). A beneficial effect on arm function was found for self-directed interventions using constraint-induced movement therapy ( n = 105; standardized mean difference (SMD) 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.00 to 0.78) and electrical stimulation ( n = 94; SMD 0.50, 95% CI 0.08–0.91). Constraint-induced movement therapy and therapy programmes without technology improved independence in activities of daily living. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated arm function benefit for patients >12 months poststroke ( n = 145; SMD 0.52, 95% CI 0.21–0.82) but not at 0–3, 3–6 or 6–12 months. Conclusion: Self-directed interventions can enhance arm recovery after stroke but the effect varies according to the approach used and timing. There were benefits identified from self-directed delivery of constraint-induced movement therapy, electrical stimulation and therapy programmes that increase practice without using additional technology.
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BHATIA, VASUDA, VIKESH GAUR, and VINOD K. JAIN. "NEW TECHNIQUE TO DEPOSIT THIN FILMS OF CARBON NANOTUBES BASED ON ELECTROSTATIC CHARGE DEPOSITION AND THEIR APPLICATION FOR ALCOHOL DETECTION." International Journal of Nanoscience 08, no. 04n05 (August 2009): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x09006298.
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A new technique based on an electrostatic-force-directed-self-assembly was developed to fabricate thin films of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on thin dielectric wires. This technique was further developed to achieve functionalization of the nanotubes via acid-free dry route in a few seconds. The functionalization was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopic measurements. The electrostatically self-assembled films provided significantly enhanced sensitivity for detection of alcohol vapors. Sensors were tested for response of alcohol concentrations as low as 200 ppm (parts per million) with a sensitivity of 4% and high repeatability. Recovery of sensors was observed to be within 200 s. Selectivity of the sensors for different organic vapors was defined based on the recovery time. Operation of sensors did not require high temperatures. It was realized that corona-based electrostatic self-assembly (CESA) pattering technique for batch fabrication of the sensors was fast, simple, low-cost, and required no specialized equipment.
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de Wolff, Alice, Pedro Cabezas, Linda Chamberlain, Aldo Cianfarani, Phillip Dufresne, Peter Lye, Dennis Morency, Bradley Mulder, Esther Mwange, and Mark Shapiro. "The Creation of “We Are Neighbours”: Participatory Research and Recovery." Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health 28, no. 2 (September 1, 2009): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7870/cjcmh-2009-0023.
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Community-based participatory research is an enabling and empowering practice that is based in principles that overlap with those of mental health recovery. Using a participatory approach, an advocacy group called the Dream Team, whose members have mental health issues and live in supportive housing, planned and conducted a study of the neighbourhood impact of two supportive housing buildings in Toronto. The study found that tenants do not harm neighbourhood property values and crime rates, and that they do make important contributions to the strength of their neighbourhoods. This article demonstrates the strength of a self-directed collective of individuals who are prepared to challenge stigma and discrimination, and documents their use of participatory action research as a proactive strategy to contribute their knowledge to discussions that shape the communities, services, and politics that involve them.
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Barrett, Daniel, Janette Benson, Rhiannon Foster, and Alan Leader. "Prosper: a social movement approach to mental health." Mental Health and Social Inclusion 18, no. 4 (November 4, 2014): 188–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-08-2014-0026.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the conceptual basis and development of Prosper: an emerging and evolving self-directed network and movement for people with lived experience of mental health problems in South West London. Design/methodology/approach – The conceptual principles from which Prosper emerged – co-production, recovery and social movement approaches – are outlined. The ways in which these ideas were translated into action, the guiding principles and operation of Prosper are then described. Findings – An evolving self-directed network and movement has been developed that comprises around 150 “members” and a wider network of 20 service user groups across South West London. As well as open forums, collective actions fall under the themes of “create” (peer support, outreach, campaigns, training) and “collaborate” (partnership working with user-led organisations and a Recovery College, peer support networks, supporting the development of personal health budgets and local commissioning, and consultancy). This network has initially been funded by South West London and St George's Mental Health Trust with a view to it becoming an independent entity. Originality/value – The innovative and evolving social network and movement for people with lived experience of mental health problems that is continuously influenced and changed by the skills, ideas and energy of its growing and developing membership could act as a useful model for others to follow.
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Zhuang, Hong Mei, Xiao Liang Miao, Zhi Qiang Zhao, and Lei Zhang. "Application of Nano Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials and Bone Tissue Engineering on in Exercise-Induced Injury." Advanced Materials Research 951 (May 2014): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.951.109.
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The formation process of nanocalcium phosphate plays a key role in natural bone tissue. In the regulation of the organic matrix, it can be directed self-assembly into specific biological minerals, and can give the bone good mechanical properties and biological activity. Bone injury is a common injury in exercise training, in view of nanocalcium phosphate has good biocompatibility and osteoinductive; it may become the ideal biomaterials used in bone tissue engineering to improve speed up the recovery of bone injury.
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Mahoney, Adam, Gillian Sutcliffe, and Bernadette Connolly. "Compassionate Recovery and Neurological Empowerment (CRANE): A trauma focused pilot intervention for women in prison with complex needs who engage in self-harm." Abuse: An International Impact Journal 3, no. 2 (October 12, 2022): 46–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37576/abuse.2022.037.
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The high prevalence of interpersonal trauma for women in custody is well known. The mental health sequelae of such experiences can include lifelong patterns of harmful behaviour directed towards both onself and others. Responding effectively to such concerns has presented a considerable challenge to prison services. Based on our clinical experience we proposed CRANE (Compassionate Recovery and Neurological Empowerment) as an integrative approach to treating ‘prolific’ and acute acts of self-harm and suicidal ideation as symptoms associated with interpersonal trauma. CRANE draws on compassion focused therapy (CFT), and other trauma focused approaches, to promote participant recovery and stability. This is reflected in CRANE’s four integrated strands, which include body centred trauma psychoeducation, trauma memory processing and a strengths-based approach to developing positive connections to self and others. This practice paper outlines these strands along with clinical illustrations from a pilot delivery and direction to theory, to help consider the benefits and challenges participants faced during the course of this intervention.
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Margolin, Indrani. "Breaking Free: One Adolescent Woman’s Recovery from Dating Violence Through Creative Dance." American Journal of Dance Therapy 41, no. 2 (November 4, 2019): 170–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10465-019-09311-9.
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Abstract Dating violence against adolescent women can devastate their health and long-term quality of life. While high school programs have been developed to address this worldwide epidemic, somatic antidotes are still not widely utilized despite evidence from the psychophysiology of relational violence trauma that there is an inextricable link between the body and mind and effective recovery requires a holistic approach. Creative dance, derived from dance education, can support female adolescent trauma victims of dating violence to reconnect with physical, mental, and emotional experiences that were severed during traumatic exposure. This qualitative arts-based case study narratively explores one adolescent woman’s experience of creative dance as an intervention for survivors of dating violent relationships. Conceptually, I draw from dance education, Authentic Movement, and Amber Gray’s Restorative Movement Psychotherapy. A feminist lens is utilized in an attempt to address calls to action from previous DMT researchers to tackle oppressive structural forces and increase activism in dance/movement therapy. Findings show that inner-directed dance can therapeutically facilitate restoration after trauma by recovering the social engagement system and decision-making capacity, reducing social isolation, and increasing bodily self-awareness, and self-esteem.
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van der Hoek-Snieders, Hanneke E. M., Monique Boymans, Bas Sorgdrager, and Wouter A. Dreschler. "Factors influencing the need for recovery in employees with hearing loss: a cross-sectional study of health administrative data." International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 93, no. 8 (June 7, 2020): 1023–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00420-020-01556-z.
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Abstract Objective Need for recovery is a predictor of work stress and health problems, but its underlying factors are not yet well understood. We aimed to identify hearing-related, work-related, and personal factors influencing need for recovery in hearing-impaired employees. Methods We retrospectively identified hearing-impaired employees (N = 294) that were referred to the Amsterdam University Medical Center between 2004 and 2019. Routinely obtained healthcare data were used, including a survey and hearing assessments. A directed acyclic graph was constructed, revealing the hypothesized structure of factors influencing need for recovery as well as the minimal set of factors needed for multiple regression analysis. Results Four variables were included in the regression analysis. In total, 46.1% of the variance in need for recovery was explained by the factors feeling that something should change at work (B = 19.01, p < 0.001), self-perceived listening effort (B = 1.84, p < 0.001), personal adaptations scale score (B = − 0.34, p < .001), and having a moderate/poor general health condition (B = 20.06, p < 0.001). Although degree of hearing loss was associated with self-perceived listening effort, the direct association between degree of hearing loss and need for recovery was not significant. Conclusions The results suggest that the way employees perceive their hearing loss and how they cope with it directly influence need for recovery, rather than their measured degree of hearing loss. Additionally, general health condition was found to be an independent factor for need for recovery. The results should be confirmed by future, longitudinal research.
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DAS, SAJAL K., AJOY K. DATTA, and SÉBASTIEN TIXEUIL. "SELF-STABILIZING ALGORITHMS IN DAG STRUCTURED NETWORKS." Parallel Processing Letters 09, no. 04 (December 1999): 563–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129626499000529.
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This paper describes a parameterized protocol applicable to directed acyclic graph (DAG) topologies. The function parameter of the protocol is instantiated twice to design two specific protocols: (i) the topological sorting of the successor list at every node, and (ii) a shortest path routing table construction. Both protocols are self-stabilizing and thus they are resilient to transient failures and guarantee system recovery in a finite time linear in the network diameter. From the fact that a DAG topology can be imposed on a more general topology through graph labeling protocols, the solutions presented in this paper are expected to be quite useful for a large class of distributed systems, where an optimal routing along with the robustness and fault tolerance are key factors.
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WENG, WEN GUO, SHUN JIANG NI, HONG YONG YUAN, and WEI CHENG FAN. "MODELING THE DYNAMICS OF DISASTER SPREADING FROM KEY NODES IN COMPLEX NETWORKS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 18, no. 05 (May 2007): 889–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183107010619.
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In this paper, we present the dynamics of disaster spreading from key nodes in complex networks. The key nodes have maximum and minimum out-degree nodes, which show important in spreading disaster. This paper considers directed Erdös–Rényi, scale-free and small-world networks. Using the model considering the common characteristics of infrastructure and lifeline networks, i.e., self-healing function and disaster spreading mechanism, we carry out simulations for the effects of the recovery time parameter and the time delay on the recovery rate and the number of damaged nodes. Simulation results show some typical disaster spreading characteristics, e.g., a non-equilibrium phase transition in the parameter space, disturbance from the maximum out-degree nodes resulting in more damaged effect, etc.
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Chin, Lay Fong, Kathryn S. Hayward, Audrey Lik Ming Chai, and Sandra G. Brauer. "A Self-Empowered Upper Limb Repetitive Engagement Program to Improve Upper Limb Recovery Early Post-Stroke: Phase II Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial." Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair 35, no. 9 (July 19, 2021): 836–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15459683211032967.
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Background. Time outside therapy provides an opportunity to increase upper limb (UL) use during post-stroke hospitalization. Objective. To determine if a self-directed UL program outside therapy (Self-Empowered UL Repetitive Engagement, SURE) was feasible and to explore the potential effect of the SURE program on UL use and recovery. Methods. Twenty-three patients from an inpatient rehabilitation center who were ≤21 days post-stroke and had a Fugl Meyer UL (FMUL) score ≤50 and a positive motor evoked potential (MEP+) response were randomized (stratified by impairment) to either experimental group (SURE: individualized, UL self-exercise and use outside therapy for 6 hours/week for 4 weeks) or control group (education booklet). Feasibility was evaluated by program adherence, dropout rate, adverse events, and satisfaction. Potential effect was measured by paretic UL use via accelerometry weekly during the intervention, FMUL and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) at baseline (Week 0), post-intervention (Week 4), and follow-up (Week 8 and Week 16). Results. Adherence to SURE was high: 87% program completion (mean 313±75 repetitions/day). There were no dropouts, no adverse events related to SURE, and patient satisfaction averaged 7.8/10. Experimental participants achieved an additional hour of UL use daily (range: .3–1.2 hours/day) compared to control. Significant improvements in FMUL and ARAT were observed in both groups from Week 0 to Week 4 and to Week 8 ( P ≤ .002), which were maintained to Week 16. There were no differences between groups ( P ≥ .119). Conclusions. SURE was a feasible self-directed program that increased UL use in MEP+ individuals with moderate-severe impairment early post-stroke. Further studies with larger sample sizes and potentially higher dose are required to determine efficacy.
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Paulton, Joshua, Amanjot Gill, and Joelle Prevost. "GUT-DIRECTED SELF-HYPNOSIS FOR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE PROTOCOL: COMPLIMENTARY PSYCHOTHERAPY FOR REMISSION AUGMENTATION, IBS-LIKE SYMPTOMS, AND SURGERY RECOVERY." Gastroenterology 160, no. 3 (February 2021): S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2021.01.177.
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Chen, Chien-Tien, Yi-Ya Liao, Santosh B. Salunke, Ya-Hui Lin, and Ting-Shen Kuo. "Directed Self-Assembly of C4-Symmetric, Oxidovanadate-Centered, Vanadyl(V) Quadruplexes for Ba2+- and Hg2+-Specific Recognition, Transport, and Recovery." Inorganic Chemistry 57, no. 18 (September 5, 2018): 11511–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01454.
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Silva-Smith, Amy. "THE FIT OF THE HAPA MODEL TO THE EXPERIENCE OF EXERCISING AFTER STROKE: A DEDUCTIVE CONTENT ANALYSIS." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2463.
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Abstract Sustained physical activity is recommended for secondary stroke prevention. Persons with stroke leave rehabilitation having learned exercises to reduce disability. However, once discharged, people may be on their own to navigate psychological, emotional, social, and physical challenges of maintaining those activities and starting new ones. The Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) provides a framework for understanding how self-efficacy differs depending on where a person is in the process of engaging in physical activity. The purpose of this study was to assess the qualitative fit of the HAPA model to the experience of exercise after discharge from formal stroke rehabilitation using a deductive (directed) content analysis approach. Interviews with 12 stroke survivors were analyzed deductively using the HAPA model concepts task self-efficacy, coping self-efficacy, and recovery self-efficacy to create the analysis matrix. In this sample, a period of psychological adjustment interfered with maintaining exercise and included anxiety, depression, embarrassment, and fear of falling that affected motivation and intention to exercise. Experiences with physical activity and exercise as a child and routines prior to the stroke were factors influencing task, coping, and recovery self-efficacy and ease of dealing with interruptions in exercise, including the discharge from formal rehabilitation. The findings support the qualitative fit of the HAPA model with the experience of exercise after having a stroke. A HAPA model framed intervention is being developed to support the transition from formal rehabilitation support to living in the community.
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Perkins, Rachel, Julie Atkins, Nicole Hunter, Poppy Repper, Peter David Robertson, Phoebe Thornton, and Sue Thornton. "Real lives: promoting recovery through personalisation and peer support." Mental Health and Social Inclusion 19, no. 1 (March 9, 2015): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-11-2014-0037.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the development of Real Lives: a community interest company that provides peer support for people who face significant mental health challenges using personal budgets. Design/methodology/approach – The paper offers a descriptive summary of the vision behind Real Lives and the successful realisation of this vision in practice based on interviews by the first author with the directors, Operational Manager, Cafe Manager and “Peers and Allies for in Living” who provide support to clients. Findings – The successful development of Real Lives shows that it is possible to utilise peer support and personal budgets to a create small, values based, financially viable organisation outside the statutory sector that is part of its community and can provide outside the statutory sector. A service for people facing significant mental health challenges that is personalised, recovery-focused and puts the client in control and is focused on helping them to do the things they want to do and pursue their aspirations. Originality/value – Real Lives is an innovative recovery-focused service that is part of its community and offers a model for utilising Self-Directed Support and personal budgets and that might be replicated by others.
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Segal, S. P., and S. L. Hayes. "Consumer-run services research and implications for mental health care." Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences 25, no. 5 (April 27, 2016): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2045796016000287.
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Mental health consumers/survivors developed consumer-run services (CRSs) as alternatives to disempowering professionally run services that limited participant self-determination. The objective of the CRS is to promote recovery outcomes, not to cure or prevent mental illness. Recovery outcomes pave the way to a satisfying life as defined by the individual consumer despite repetitive episodes of disorder. Recovery is a way of life, which through empowerment, hope, self-efficacy, minimisation of self-stigma, and improved social integration, may offer a path to functional improvement that may lead to a better way to manage distress and minimise the impact of illness episodes. ‘Nothing about us without us’ is the defining objective of the process activity that defines self-help. It is the giving of agency to participants. Without such process there is a real question as to whether an organisation is a legitimate CRS or simply a non-governmental organisation run by a person who claims lived experience. In considering the effectiveness of CRSs, fidelity should be defined by the extent to which the organisation's process conveys agency. Unidirectional helping often does for people what they can do for themselves, stealing agency. The consequence of the lack of fidelity in CRSs to the origins of the self-help movement has been a general finding in multisite studies of no or little difference in outcomes attributable to the consumer service. This, from the perspective of the research summarised herein, results in the mixing of programmatic efforts, some of which enhance outcomes as they are true mutual assistance programmes and some of which degrade outcomes as they are unidirectional, hierarchical, staff-directed helping efforts making false claims to providing agency. The later CRS interventions may provoke disappointment and additional failure. The indiscriminate combining of studies produces the average: no effect.
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Gulanick, M., and A. Naito. "Patients' reactions to angioplasty: realistic or not?" American Journal of Critical Care 3, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 368–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1994.3.5.368.
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BACKGROUND: A major problem limiting the success of angioplasty is the high restenosis rate. In addition, coronary artery disease is an ongoing process requiring lifestyle changes to prevent disease progression. OBJECTIVE: To examine patient concerns and risk factor modification behaviors during early recovery from angioplasty. Specific attention was directed to: (1) expectation of restenosis, (2) occurrence of angina, (3) achievement of expected benefits, (4) tension/anxiety levels, (5) self-efficacy for and actual performance of needed lifestyle changes. METHODS: For this descriptive study the Self-Report of Recovery (a project-derived questionnaire) and the Profile of Mood States were mailed to 54 patients at 1, 6, and 12 weeks of recovery. The study group comprised 37 men and 17 women (mean age, 57 years) who had undergone first-time successful angioplasty at a midwestern medical center. At 12 weeks 78% remained. RESULTS: A majority of patients did not expect restenosis to occur. At 3 months 83% reported that they were angina-free, 90% reported that they would repeat the procedure if needed, all scores on the tension/anxiety scale were normal, and 86% had achieved some benefits they had expected. Most expressed high confidence in their ability to reduce risk factors, with 90% reporting initiation of at least one lifestyle change. CONCLUSION: We concluded that patients had positive feelings about their angioplasty experience and were not overly concerned about restenosis.
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Connell, Louise A., Naoimh E. McMahon, Sarah F. Tyson, Caroline L. Watkins, and Janice J. Eng. "Case Series of a Knowledge Translation Intervention to Increase Upper Limb Exercise in Stroke Rehabilitation." Physical Therapy 96, no. 12 (December 1, 2016): 1930–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2522/ptj.20150694.
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Abstract Background and Purpose Current approaches to upper limb rehabilitation are not sufficient to drive neural reorganization and maximize recovery after stroke. To address this evidence-practice gap, a knowledge translation intervention using the Behaviour Change Wheel was developed. The intervention involves collaboratively working with stroke therapy teams to change their practice and increase therapy intensity by therapists prescribing supplementary self-directed arm exercise. The purposes of this case series are: (1) to provide an illustrative example of how a research-informed process changed clinical practice and (2) to report on staff members' and patients' perceptions of the utility of the developed intervention. Case Descriptions A participatory action research approach was used in 3 stroke rehabilitation units in the United Kingdom. The intervention aimed to change 4 therapist-level behaviors: (1) screening patients for suitability for supplementary self-directed arm exercise, (2) provision of exercises, (3) involving family and caregivers in assisting with exercises, and (4) monitoring and progressing exercises. Data on changes in practice were collected by therapy teams using a bespoke audit tool. Utility of the intervention was explored in qualitative interviews with patients and staff. Outcomes Components of the intervention were successfully embedded in 2 of the 3 stroke units. At these sites, almost all admitted patients were screened for suitability for supplementary self-directed exercise. Exercises were provided to 77%, 70%, and 88% of suitable patients across the 3 sites. Involving family and caregivers and monitoring and progressing exercises were not performed consistently. Conclusions This case series is an example of how a rigorous research-informed knowledge translation process resulted in practice change. Research is needed to demonstrate that these changes can translate into increased intensity of upper limb exercise and affect patient outcomes.
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Nonica, Laisram, Muzaffar Tufail, RK Wadhwa, Borah Diganta, and SY Kothari. "Evaluation of Mirror Therapy for Upper Limb Rehabilitation in Stroke." Indian Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 24, no. 3 (2013): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/ijopmr-24-3-63.
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Abstract Trials have shown modest clinical improvement in disabilities after stroke with the use of different techniques; however most of the treatment protocols for the paretic upper extremity are either expensive or labour intensive, which makes the provision of intensive treatment for many patients difficult. It has been suggested that mirror therapy is a simple, inexpensive and, most importantly patient-directed treatment that may improve upper extremity function. A prospective randomised case control study was done on 60 patients of both the sexes in the age group of 19 to 82 years having stroke for the first time. This study was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation of a tertiary care hospital. All the patients who fulfilled the criteria were enrolled for study; patients were randomly allotted to the study or control group. Study group was given mirror therapy in addition to the conventional stroke rehabilitation programme. Patients were assessed in terms of motor recovery (Brunnstrom stages), spasticity (modified Ashworth Scale), and the self-care items of the Barthel index. These indices were measured at 0 month (pretreatment), 1 month (post-treatment), and 6 months (follow-up). There was a statistically significant difference in spasticity improvement between the study and control groups; however no significant difference was seen in motor recovery and self care items between the groups. The patients had significant improvements within the groups after the therapy for one month. Mirror therapy can be a useful intervention supplement in rehabilitation of patients; it provides a simple and cost effective therapy for recovery of hand function.
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Fu, Vivian, Mark Weatherall, Kathryn McPherson, William Taylor, Anna McRae, Tom Thomson, John Gommans, et al. "Taking Charge after Stroke: A randomized controlled trial of a person-centered, self-directed rehabilitation intervention." International Journal of Stroke 15, no. 9 (April 15, 2020): 954–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1747493020915144.
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Background and purpose “Take Charge” is a novel, community-based self-directed rehabilitation intervention which helps a person with stroke take charge of their own recovery. In a previous randomized controlled trial, a single Take Charge session improved independence and health-related quality of life 12 months following stroke in Māori and Pacific New Zealanders. We tested the same intervention in three doses (zero, one, or two sessions) in a larger study and in a broader non-Māori and non-Pacific population with stroke. We aimed to confirm whether the Take Charge intervention improved quality of life at 12 months after stroke in a different population and whether two sessions were more effective than one. Methods We randomized 400 people within 16 weeks of acute stroke who had been discharged to institution-free community living at seven centers in New Zealand to a single Take Charge session (TC1, n = 132), two Take Charge sessions six weeks apart (TC2, n = 138), or a control intervention (n = 130). Take Charge is a “talking therapy” that encourages a sense of purpose, autonomy, mastery, and connectedness with others. The primary outcome was the Physical Component Summary score of the Short Form 36 at 12 months following stroke comparing any Take Charge intervention to control. Results Of the 400 people randomized (mean age 72.2 years, 58.5% male), 10 died and two withdrew from the study. The remaining 388 (97%) people were followed up at 12 months after stroke. Twelve months following stroke, participants in either of the TC groups (i.e. TC1 + TC2) scored 2.9 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.95 to 4.9, p = 0.004) points higher (better) than control on the Short Form 36 Physical Component Summary. This difference remained significant when adjusted for pre-specified baseline variables. There was a dose effect with Short Form 36 Physical Component Summary scores increasing by 1.9 points (95% CI 0.8 to 3.1, p < 0.001) for each extra Take Charge session received. Exposure to the Take Charge intervention was associated with reduced odds of being dependent (modified Rankin Scale 3 to 5) at 12 months (TC1 + TC2 12% versus control 19.5%, odds ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.99, p = 0.045). Conclusions Confirming the previous randomized controlled trial outcome, Take Charge—a low-cost, person-centered, self-directed rehabilitation intervention after stroke—improved health-related quality of life and independence. Clinical trial registration-URL http://www.anzctr.org.au . Unique identifier: ACTRN12615001163594
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Rogerson, Michelle C., Alun C. Jackson, Hema S. Navaratnam, Michael R. Le Grande, Rosemary O. Higgins, Joanne Clarke, and Barbara M. Murphy. "Getting “Back on Track” After a Cardiac Event: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Web-Based Self-management Program." JMIR Research Protocols 10, no. 12 (December 23, 2021): e34534. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/34534.
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Background After a cardiac event, a large majority of patients with cardiac conditions do not achieve recommended behavior change targets for secondary prevention. Mental health issues can also impact the ability to engage in health behavior change. There is a need for innovative, flexible, and theory-driven eHealth programs, which include evidence-based strategies to assist patients with cardiac conditions with their recovery, especially in behavioral and emotional self-management. Objective The aim of this study is to determine the short- and longer-term behavioral and emotional well-being outcomes of the Back on Track web-based self-management program. In addition, this study will test whether there is enhanced benefit of providing one-on-one telephone support from a trained lifestyle counselor, over and above benefit obtained through completing the web-based program alone. Methods People who have experienced a cardiac event in the previous 12 months and have access to the internet will be eligible for this study (N=120). Participants will be randomly assigned to one of the two study conditions: either “self-directed” completion of the Back on Track program (without assistance) or “supported” completion of the Back on Track program (additional 2 telephone sessions with a lifestyle counselor). All participants will have access to the web-based Back on Track program for 2 months. Telephone sessions with the supported arm participants will occur at approximately 2 and 6 weeks post enrollment. Measures will be assessed at baseline, and then 2 and 6 months later. Outcome measures assessed at all 3 timepoints include dietary intake, physical activity and sitting time, smoking status, anxiety and depression, stage of change, and self-efficacy in relation to behavioral and emotional self-management, quality of life, and self-rated health and well-being. A demographic questionnaire will be included at baseline only and program acceptability at 2 months only. Results Recruitment began in May 2020 and concluded in August 2021. Data collection for the 6-month follow-up will be completed by February 2022, and data analysis and publication of results will be completed by June 2022. A total of 122 participants were enrolled in this study. Conclusions The Back on Track trial will enable us to quantify the behavioral and emotional improvements obtained and maintained for patients with cardiac conditions and, in particular, to compare two modes of delivery: (1) fully self-directed delivery and (2) supported by a lifestyle counselor. We anticipate that the web-based Back on Track program will assist patients in their recovery and self-management after an acute event, and represents an effective, flexible, and easily accessible adjunct to center-based rehabilitation programs. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12620000102976; http://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?id=378920&isReview=true International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/34534
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Ibarra-García, Andrea Paola, and Antonio Ibarra. "Immunization with neural-derived peptides as a neuroprotective therapy for spinal cord injury." Exploration of Neuroprotective Therapy 1, no. 2 (October 29, 2021): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37349/ent.2021.00009.
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Spinal cord injury (SCI) induces several destructive events that develop immediately after the primary insult. These phenomena increase tissue damage; that is why, numerous therapeutic approaches are studied in order to neutralize these destructive mechanisms. In line with this, several studies indicate that after injury, neural tissue could be protected by an adaptive immune response directed against self-antigens. Immunization with neural-derived peptides (INDP) reduces secondary degeneration of neurons after spinal cord insult and promotes a significant motor recovery. The combination of antioxidants or other immunomodulatory peptides after SCI can improve the protective effect induced by INDP. INDP in acute SCI is a promising strategy, so further studies should be addressed to be able to formulate the best strategy.
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Homan, Anthony C. "Role of BCA in TIGER grant reviews: common errors and influence on the selection process." Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis 5, no. 1 (January 2014): 111–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbca-2013-0018.
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Abstract:As directed by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, the US Department of Transportation (DOT) created the Transportation Investment Generating Economic Recovery (TIGER) discretionary grant program for surface transportation infrastructure projects. Through 2013, there have been five rounds of the grant program. TIGER uses a multi-step competitive application process to award surface transportation funds. TIGER applications are initially screened by US DOT’s staff of technical experts. For projects forwarded by the review team, US DOT economic experts then review the applicant’s benefit-cost analysis (BCA) and attempt to determine the likelihood that the benefits exceeded costs (i.e. not the applicant’s self-determination). The final awardees are then selected by a Review Team of Modal Administrators and DOT Office of the Secretary level officials. The purpose of this paper is to discuss many of the common errors in preparing, and issues in reviewing the applicant’s BCA and in making a net benefit determination. A secondary purpose is to determine if the most deserving projects, based on an applicant’s BCA and the likelihood that benefits exceeded costs, are more likely to receive grant funding. We do so for the second through the fifth rounds of the program.
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Papa, Evan V., Rita M. Patterson, and Nicoleta Bugnariu. "“Going Backward”: Effects of age and fatigue on posterior-directed falls in Parkinson disease." NeuroRehabilitation 49, no. 1 (August 14, 2021): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/nre-210040.
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BACKGROUND: Nearly half of persons with Parkinson disease (PD) report fatigue as a factor in their fall history. However, it is unknown whether these self-reported falls are caused by a sensation of fatigue or performance fatigue. OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the influences of performance fatigue and age on postural control in persons with PD. METHODS: Individuals with PD (n = 14) underwent postural control assessments before (T0) and immediately after (T1) fatiguing exercise. Biomechanical data were gathered on participants completing a treadmill-induced, posterior-directed fall. Performance fatigue was produced using lower extremity resistance exercise on an isokinetic ergometer. Repeated measures ANCOVAs were used with age as a covariate to determine the effects of performance fatigue on biomechanical variables. RESULTS: After adjustment for age, there was a statistically significant difference in peak center of pressure (COP) latency during the support phase of recovery. Pairwise comparisons demonstrated a decrease in peak ankle displacement from T0 to T1. Age was also found to be significantly related to reaction time and peak knee displacement while participants were fatigued. CONCLUSIONS: The decreased peak COP latency, along with decreased ankle angular displacement, suggest that persons with PD adopt a stiffening strategy in response to backward directed falls. Postural stiffening is not uncommon in persons with PD and could be a risk factor for falls. Older individuals with PD demonstrate slower mobility scores and decreased reaction times in the setting of fatigue, suggesting a combined effect of the aging and fatigue processes.
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Johnson, Mark E., Grace Reynolds, Dennis G. Fisher, and Colin R. Harbke. "Vocational Interests and Needs of Unemployed, Low-Education Adults with Severe Substance Abuse Problems in Anchorage, Alaska." International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology 2, no. 2 (April 2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/javet.2011040101.
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Vocational assessment data were collected from 94 low-education adults with severe substance abuse problems not currently in treatment. Participants completed the My Vocational Situation (MVS), Self-Directed Search (SDS), and Reading-Free Vocational Interest Inventory (R-FVII). Lower scores than the normative sample were revealed on all MVS scales, with scores for men being significantly lower than the normative sample. These findings indicate that these participants, particularly the men, lack a clear and stable view of their occupational future, need information to clarify their occupational options and goals, and perceive multiple barriers in attaining employment. SDS and R-FVII results provide detailed information about these participants’ occupational interests and vocational likes and dislikes. These findings highlight vocational counseling and guidance as critical needs for individuals with severe substance abuse problems who are unable or unwilling to seek treatment. Providing vocational services to this out-of-treatment population may be an essential pathway for their long-term recovery.
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Silasi, Gergely, Jamie D. Boyd, Federico Bolanos, Jeff M. LeDue, Stephen H. Scott, and Timothy H. Murphy. "Individualized tracking of self-directed motor learning in group-housed mice performing a skilled lever positioning task in the home cage." Journal of Neurophysiology 119, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00115.2017.
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Skilled forelimb function in mice is traditionally studied through behavioral paradigms that require extensive training by investigators and are limited by the number of trials individual animals are able to perform within a supervised session. We developed a skilled lever positioning task that mice can perform within their home cage. The task requires mice to use their forelimb to precisely hold a lever mounted on a rotary encoder within a rewarded position to dispense a water reward. A Raspberry Pi microcomputer is used to record lever position during trials and to control task parameters, thus making this low-footprint apparatus ideal for use within animal housing facilities. Custom Python software automatically increments task difficulty by requiring a longer hold duration, or a more accurate hold position, to dispense a reward. The performance of individual animals within group-housed mice is tracked through radio-frequency identification implants, and data stored on the microcomputer may be accessed remotely through an active internet connection. Mice continuously engage in the task for over 2.5 mo and perform ~500 trials/24 h. Mice required ~15,000 trials to learn to hold the lever within a 10° range for 1.5 s and were able to further refine movement accuracy by limiting their error to a 5° range within each trial. These results demonstrate the feasibility of autonomously training group-housed mice on a forelimb motor task. This paradigm may be used in the future to assess functional recovery after injury or cortical reorganization induced by self-directed motor learning. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We developed a low-cost system for fully autonomous training of group-housed mice on a forelimb motor task. We demonstrate the feasibility of tracking both end-point, as well as kinematic performance of individual mice, with each performing thousands of trials over 2.5 mo. The task is run and controlled by a Raspberry Pi microcomputer, which allows for cages to be monitored remotely through an active internet connection.
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Schwartz, Michal. "Macrophages and Microglia in Central Nervous System Injury: Are They Helpful or Harmful?" Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 23, no. 4 (April 2003): 385–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.wcb.0000061881.75234.5e.
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Inflammation has been widely perceived as participating in the etiology of acute and chronic neurodegenerative conditions. Accordingly, in the context of traumatic injuries or chronic neurodegenerative diseases in the central nervous system (CNS), activated microglia have been viewed as detrimental and attempts have been made to treat both conditions by antiinflammatory therapy. Recent studies have suggested that microglia act as stand-by cells in the service of both the immune and the nervous systems. In the healthy CNS these cells are quiescent, but in the event of injury to axons or cell bodies they exercise their neural function by buffering harmful self-compounds and clearing debris from the damaged site, and their immune function by providing immune-related requirements for recovery. Proper regulation of the inflammatory (autoimmune) response to injury will arrest degeneration and promote regrowth, whereas inappropriate regulation will lead to ongoing degeneration. Regulation is achieved by the operation of a T cell–mediated response directed to abundant self-antigens residing in the damaged site. Since this immune-dependent mechanism was found to protect against glutamate toxicity (a major factor in neurodegenerative disorders), boosting of this response might constitute the basis for development of a therapeutic vaccination against neurodegenerative diseases, all of which exhibit similar pathways and patterns of progression.
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Park, Hyeong-Cheon, Kaoru Yasuda, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Jie Ni, Brian Ratliff, Praveen Chander, and Michael S. Goligorsky. "Renal capsule as a stem cell niche." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 298, no. 5 (May 2010): F1254—F1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00406.2009.
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Renal resident stem cells were previously reported within the renal tubules and papillary area. The aim of the present study was to determine whether renal capsules harbor stem cells and whether this pool can be recruited to the renal parenchyma after ischemic injury. We demonstrated the presence of label-retaining cells throughout the renal capsule, at a density of ∼10 cells/mm2, and their close apposition to the blood vessels. By flow cytometry, in vitro cultured cells derived from the renal capsule were positive for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers (CD29+, vimentin+, Sca-1+, nestin+) but did not express hematopoietic and endothelial stem cell markers. Moreover, renal capsule-derived cells also exhibited self-renewal, clonogenicity, and multipotency in differentiation conditions, all favoring stem cell characteristics and identifying them with MSC. In situ labeling of renal capsules with CM-DiI CellTracker demonstrated in vivo a directed migration of CM-DiI-labeled cells to the ischemic renal parenchyma, with the rate of migration averaging 30 μm/h. Decapsulation of the kidneys during ischemia resulted in a modest, but statistically significant, deceleration of recovery of plasma creatinine compared with ischemic kidneys with intact renal capsule. Comparison of these conditions allows the conclusion that renal capsular cells may contribute ∼25–30% of the recovery from ischemia. In conclusion, the data suggest that the renal capsule may function as a novel stem cell niche harboring MSC capable of participating in the repair of renal injury.
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Sushentsova, M. S., and I. G. Chaplygina. "The nature of humanism and materialism of Marx’s concept of man." Journal of the New Economic Association 53, no. 1 (2022): 181–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2022-53-1-9.
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This paper is devoted to clarification of Marx’s view of man in terms of his special humanism and materialism. The authors argue that Marx’s works contain normative elements and the basic value for him is free human self-realization. But this self-realization doesn’t serve as a mean for embodiment of certain human ideals; it is the end in itself. So, the authors qualify Marx’s position in comparison with other kinds of humanism as non-directed anthropocentrism. Marx rejects the autonomy of abstract ethics, as well as any abstract categories, and raises the significance of human practice as the process of life’s actualization. In this context, the historical materialism of Marx appears closely related to his conception of man as an active agent of history and creator of material world: significant part of material world is interpreted by Marx as the estranged and objectified human subjectivity; nature and man are perceived as the dialectical unity, and the first one acquires its significance only as the living space of the second. This allowed the authors to propose the term “subjective materialism” for defining Marx’s approach. Even in Marx’s later works, the historical task of developing productive forces appears to be permeated with the general humanistic goal of full human liberation and recovery its primacy in relation to the external world. And this task appears to be the key trend of the history in the Marx’s conception.
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Lord, Kathryn, Jules Beresford-Dent, Penny Rapaport, Alex Burton, Monica Leverton, Kate Walters, Iain Lang, et al. "Developing the New Interventions for independence in Dementia Study (NIDUS) theoretical model for supporting people to live well with dementia at home for longer: a systematic review of theoretical models and Randomised Controlled Trial evidence." Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 55, no. 1 (November 2, 2019): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00127-019-01784-w.
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Abstract Purpose To build an evidence-informed theoretical model describing how to support people with dementia to live well or for longer at home. Methods We searched electronic databases to August 2018 for papers meeting predetermined inclusion criteria in two reviews that informed our model. We scoped literature for theoretical models of how to enable people with dementia to live at home independently, with good life quality or for longer. We systematically reviewed Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) reporting psychosocial intervention effects on time lived with dementia at home. Two researchers independently rated risk of bias. We developed our theoretical model through discussions with experts by personal, clinical and academic experiences, informed by this evidence base. Results Our scoping review included 52 studies. We divided models identified into: values and approaches (relational and recovery models; optimising environment and activities; family carer skills and support); care strategies (family carer-focused; needs and goal-based; self-management); and service models (case management; integrated; consumer-directed). The 11 RCTs included in our systematic review, all judged at low risk of bias, described only two interventions that increased time people with dementia lived in their own homes. These collectively encompassed all these components except for consumer-directed and integrated care. We developed and revised our model, using review evidence and expert consultation to define the final model. Conclusions Our theoretical model describes values, care strategies and service models that can be used in the design of interventions to enable people with dementia to live well and for longer at home. Trial registration PROSPERO 2018 registration number: CRD42018099693 (scoping review). PROSPERO 2018 registration number: CRD42018099200 (RCT systematic review).
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Philip, Asha A., Kaitlin K. Doucette, Tanmaya A. Rasal, and John T. Patton. "Rotaviruses as Neonatal Vaccine Expression Vectors against Other Enteric Pathogens." Proceedings 50, no. 1 (June 15, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020050053.
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Although the incidence of rotavirus diarrheal disease has been reduced by the introduction of neonatal rotavirus vaccines, other enteric viruses—including norovirus, hepatitis E virus (HEV), and astrovirus—remain significant causes of illness. In this study, we investigated the possibility of generating recombinant rotaviruses that express the capsid proteins of other enteric viruses as an approach for creating neonatal multitarget vaccines. As a first step, we examined whether the segmented dsRNA genome of rotavirus could be engineered to express a separate foreign protein through the use of a 2A translational “self-cleavage” element. These attempts were successful, allowing for the recovery of recombinant rotaviruses with modified-segment-7 RNAs that contained a single open reading frame (ORF) encoding a NSP3-2A-fluorescent protein (FP) cassette. By varying the FP introduced into the cassette, genetically-stable rotaviruses were generated which grew efficiently and directed the robust expression of FP as an independent product (e.g., UnaG (green), mRuby (red), mKate (orange), TagBFP (blue), and (YFP) yellow). Subsequently, attempts were made to recover recombinant rotaviruses with modified-segment-7 RNAs that contained a single ORF encoding NSP3-2A fused to the capsid-protein gene of norovirus (VP1, P, or P2), HEV (ORF2), or astrovirus (VP70 or VP90). These attempts resulted in the generation of recombinant viruses that efficiently expressed capsid proteins of other enteric viruses, despite the required addition of up to 2.5 kB of foreign sequence to the 18.5 kB rotavirus genome. Our findings support the idea that rotaviruses can be engineered as plug-and-play expression vectors to create next-generation neonatal vaccines that can induce immunological protection against not only rotavirus, but other enteric pathogens also.
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Holleyman, Carl R., and Douglas F. Larson. "Apoptosis in the ischemic reperfused myocardium." Perfusion 16, no. 6 (December 2001): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026765910101600609.
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Recovery of the myocardium from an ischemic event depends on the reperfusion of the ischemic area. Resumed blood flow to the tissue restores the metabolic substrates necessary for energy production and cell survival. Paradoxically, ischemic reperfusion (I/R) can result in further damage to the myocardium (I/R injury) through an acute inflammatory response mediated by cytokines, neutrophils, macrophages, and reactive oxygen species. These events can trigger cardiomyocyte death through either necrosis or apoptosis. This report will focus on the apoptosis process, which is an organized, active, and gene-directed process of cell self-destruction that can be initiated by intracellular genetic programs, or second messenger pathways inside the cell upon extracellular stimulation by signaling molecules or stress. Awareness of the apoptotic process in cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells is relevant to myocardial preservation during cardiopulmonary bypass compared with off-pump cornary artery bypass procedures. Pharmacological interventions of the signaling pathways that control apoptosis provide an opportunity for new therapeutic approaches to reduce I/R injury in the heart. This review of apoptosis will introduce the perfusionist to apoptosis in the I/R heart, discuss some of the metabolic pathways that initiate it, and report on developing strategies to prevent it.
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Boehm, Sarah, and Dak Kopec. "Interior design as a post-disaster team partner." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 7, no. 3 (June 13, 2016): 276–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-10-2014-0075.
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Purpose This purpose of this paper is to promote the potential for utilizing interior designers as partners on multidisciplinary teams that deal with natural disaster recovery efforts. Interior design, an often-misunderstood profession, focuses on the health, safety and welfare of all who utilize interior spaces. Members of this profession bring a unique and relevant perspective to design and problem-solving. Design/methodology/approach A self-selecting international student design call supplied the data for illustrating how interior designers’ training prepares these multifaceted professionals to practice within diverse cultural contexts to create region-specific temporary housing units. Findings The designs submitted indeed, demonstrated an understanding of the holistic process necessary for creating effective temporary shelters. Research limitations/implications A limitation of the research is that the design call involved interior design students only. A broader invitation might also solicit entries from practicing interior design professionals. Originality/value The acknowledgement traditionally accorded interior designers as essential contributors to multidisciplinary disaster relief teams is tenuous at best. This paper suggests that interior designers have the potential to assume an important role in disaster relief planning and shelter creation. Attention must now be directed toward promoting a universal appreciation of the relevant skills training, and holistic perspectives of interior designers.
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Zeng, Yu, Sofia W. Chang, Janelle Y. Williams, Lynn Y. Nhi Nguyen, Jia Tang, Grisanu Naing, Chandni Kazi, and Robert Dudley. "Canopy parkour: movement ecology of post-hatch dispersal in a gliding nymphal stick insect, Extatosoma tiaratum." Journal of Experimental Biology 223, no. 19 (August 3, 2020): jeb226266. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.226266.
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ABSTRACTFor flightless arboreal arthropods, moving from the understory into tree canopies is cognitively and energetically challenging because vegetational structures present complex three-dimensional landscapes with substantial gaps. Predation risk and wind-induced perturbations in the canopy may further impede the movement process. In the Australian stick insect Extatosoma tiaratum, first-instar nymphs hatch on the forest floor and disperse toward tree canopies in the daytime. Here, we addressed how their tactic responses to environmental cues and movement strategies are adapted to the canopy environment. Newly hatched nymphs ascend with high endurance, travelling >100 m within 60 min. Navigation toward open canopies is underpinned by negative gravitaxis, positive phototaxis and visual responses to vertically oriented contrast patterns. Nymphal E. tiaratum also use directed jumping to cross gaps, and respond to tactile stimulation and potential threat with a self-dropping reflex, resulting in aerial descent. Post-hatch dispersal in E. tiaratum thus consists of visually mediated displacement both on vegetational structures and in the air; within the latter context, gliding is then an effective mechanism enabling recovery after predator- and perturbation-induced descent. These results further support the importance of a diurnal niche, in addition to the arboreal spatial niche, in the evolution of gliding in wingless arboreal invertebrates.