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Journal articles on the topic 'Self-diffusion and self-propulsion'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 January 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zhao, Guanjia, Emma J. E. Stuart, and Martin Pumera. "Enhanced diffusion of pollutants by self-propulsion." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 13, no. 28 (2011): 12755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1cp21237k.

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2

Jurado Romero, Arnau, Carles Calero, and Rossend Rey. "Enhancement of swimmer diffusion through regular kicks: analytic mapping of a scale-independent parameter space." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2024, no. 6 (2024): 063201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/ad4024.

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Abstract Depending on their mechanism of self-propulsion, active particles can exhibit time-dependent, often periodic, propulsion velocity. The precise propulsion velocity profile determines their mean square displacement and their effective diffusion coefficient at long times. Here, we demonstrate that any periodic propulsion profile results in a larger diffusion coefficient than the corresponding case with constant propulsion velocity. We investigate, in detail, periodic exponentially decaying velocity pulses, expected in propulsion mechanisms based on sudden absorption of finite amounts of

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3

Wang, Xin, Zhongju Ye, Shen Lin, Lin Wei, and Lehui Xiao. "Nanozyme-Triggered Cascade Reactions from Cup-Shaped Nanomotors Promote Active Cellular Targeting." Research 2022 (June 21, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2022/9831012.

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Self-propelled nanomotors have shown enormous potential in biomedical applications. Herein, we report on a nanozyme-powered cup-shaped nanomotor for active cellular targeting and synergistic photodynamic/thermal therapy under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. The nanomotor is constructed by the asymmetric decoration of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) at the bottom of gold nanocups (GNCs). PtNPs with robust peroxidase- (POD-) like activity are employed not only as propelling elements for nanomotors but also as continuous O2 generators to promote photodynamic therapy via catalyzing endogenou

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4

Chen, Shuai, Zhi Zhang, Yu Zhang, and Yong Sha. "A three-dimensional multiphase numerical model for the influence of Marangoni convection on Marangoni self-driven object." Physics of Fluids 34, no. 4 (2022): 043308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0082893.

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By means of coordinate transformation and the volume-of-fluid-level set multiphase flow method, a three-dimensional multiphase numerical model is established to simulate a Marangoni self-driven object. The forces on the Marangoni self-driven object are discussed as the driving force, viscous resistance, and pressure resistance. A typical disk-shaped, Marangoni self-driven object driven by the diffusion of camphor from its tail to water is utilized to perform a numerical study. Its motion evolution and force change in the whole process are represented quantitatively alongside the flow field and

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5

Feng, Mudong, and Michael K. Gilson. "A Thermodynamic Limit on the Role of Self-Propulsion in Enhanced Enzyme Diffusion." Biophysical Journal 116, no. 10 (2019): 1898–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2019.04.005.

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6

Popescu, Mihail N., and Szilveszter Gáspár. "Analyte Sensing with Catalytic Micromotors." Biosensors 13, no. 1 (2022): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13010045.

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Catalytic micromotors can be used to detect molecules of interest in several ways. The straightforward approach is to use such motors as sensors of their “fuel” (i.e., of the species consumed for self-propulsion). Another way is in the detection of species which are not fuel but still modulate the catalytic processes facilitating self-propulsion. Both of these require analysis of the motion of the micromotors because the speed (or the diffusion coefficient) of the micromotors is the analytical signal. Alternatively, catalytic micromotors can be used as the means to enhance mass transport, and

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7

Vijay, Natarajan, Sampathkumar Jeevanandham, Subramaniyan Ramasundaram, Tae Hwan Oh, and Subramanian Tamil Selvan. "Recent Advancements in Multimodal Chemically Powered Micro/Nanorobots for Environmental Sensing and Remediation." Chemosensors 13, no. 2 (2025): 69. https://doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors13020069.

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Chemically powered micro/nanorobots (CPMNRs) are self-propelling artificially engineered materials or machines designed with micro-to-nano precision, inspired by the self-migration of biomolecules and microorganisms. CPMNRs convert chemical or external energy into mechanical motion, overcoming forces like Brownian diffusion and viscosity. They are created using top-down or bottom-up approaches for applications in chemo-/biosensing, environmental remediation, molecular imaging, and drug delivery. As self-mixing of contaminated water accelerates the remediation process, CPMNRs are preferred as a

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8

Tătulea-Codrean, Maria, and Eric Lauga. "Artificial chemotaxis of phoretic swimmers: instantaneous and long-time behaviour." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 856 (October 12, 2018): 921–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2018.718.

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Phoretic swimmers are a class of artificial active particles that has received significant attention in recent years. By making use of self-generated gradients (e.g. in temperature, electric potential or some chemical product) phoretic swimmers are capable of self-propulsion without the complications of mobile body parts or a controlled external field. Focusing on diffusiophoresis, we quantify in this paper the mechanisms through which phoretic particles may achieve chemotaxis, both at the individual and the non-interacting population level. We first derive a fully analytical law for the insta

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9

Menzel, Andreas M. "Statistics for an object actively driven by spontaneous symmetry breaking into reversible directions." Journal of Chemical Physics 157, no. 1 (2022): 011102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093598.

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Propulsion of otherwise passive objects is achieved by mechanisms of active driving. We concentrate on cases in which the direction of active drive is subject to spontaneous symmetry breaking. In our case, this direction will be maintained until a large enough impulse by an additional stochastic force reverses it. Examples may be provided by self-propelled droplets, gliding bacteria stochastically reversing their propulsion direction, or nonpolar vibrated hoppers. The magnitude of active forcing is regarded as constant, and we include the effect of inertial contributions. Interestingly, this s

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10

Guo Si-Hang, Yang Guang-Yu, Meng Guo-Qing, Wang Ying-Ying, Pan Jun-Xing, and Zhang JinJun. "Dynamic Self-Assembly of Active Particle Systems Controlled by Light Fields." Acta Physica Sinica 74, no. 9 (2025): 0. https://doi.org/10.7498/aps.74.20241556.

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Active particle systems are nonequilibrium systems composed of selfpropelled Brownian particles, where interactions between particles can give rise to various collective behaviors. This study, based on Brownian dynamics simulations, explores the effects of light intensity, rotational diffusion coefficient, and the width and spacing of illuminated regions on the aggregation structures of the system. First, this study examines the influence of light intensity on aggregation structures under different rotational diffusion coefficients, finding that as the rotational diffusion coefficient increase

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11

Zaid, Irwin M., Jörn Dunkel, and Julia M. Yeomans. "Lévy fluctuations and mixing in dilute suspensions of algae and bacteria." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 8, no. 62 (2011): 1314–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2010.0545.

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Swimming micro-organisms rely on effective mixing strategies to achieve efficient nutrient influx. Recent experiments, probing the mixing capability of unicellular biflagellates, revealed that passive tracer particles exhibit anomalous non-Gaussian diffusion when immersed in a dilute suspension of self-motile Chlamydomonas reinhardtii algae. Qualitatively, this observation can be explained by the fact that the algae induce a fluid flow that may occasionally accelerate the colloidal tracers to relatively large velocities. A satisfactory quantitative theory of enhanced mixing in dilute active su

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12

Chen, Xiao, and Yaner Yan. "Enhanced Diffusion and Non-Gaussian Displacements of Colloids in Quasi-2D Suspensions of Motile Bacteria." Materials 17, no. 20 (2024): 5013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17205013.

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In the real world, active agents interact with surrounding passive objects, thus introducing additional degrees of complexity. The relative contributions of far-field hydrodynamic and near-field contact interactions to the anomalous diffusion of passive particles in suspensions of active swimmers remain a subject of ongoing debate. We constructed a quasi-two-dimensional microswimmer–colloid mixed system by taking advantage of Serratia marcescens’ tendency to become trapped at the air–water interface to investigate the origins of the enhanced diffusion and non-Gaussianity of the displacement di

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13

BOSTAN, MIHAI, and JOSE ANTONIO CARRILLO. "ASYMPTOTIC FIXED-SPEED REDUCED DYNAMICS FOR KINETIC EQUATIONS IN SWARMING." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 23, no. 13 (2013): 2353–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202513500346.

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We perform an asymptotic analysis of general particle systems arising in collective behavior in the limit of large self-propulsion and friction forces. These asymptotics impose a fixed speed in the limit, and thus a reduction of the dynamics to a sphere in the velocity variables. The limit models are obtained by averaging with respect to the fast dynamics. We can include all typical effects in the applications: short-range repulsion, long-range attraction, and alignment. For instance, we can rigorously show that the Cucker–Smale model is reduced to a Vicsek-like model without noise in this asy

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14

Fritz, J. H., and U. Seifert. "Thermodynamically consistent model of an active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck particle." Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment 2023, no. 9 (2023): 093204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/acf70c.

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Abstract Identifying the full entropy production of active particles is a challenging task. We introduce a microscopic, thermodynamically consistent model, which leads to active Ornstein–Uhlenbeck statistics in the continuum limit. Our minimal model consists of a particle with a fluctuating number of active reaction sites that contribute to its active self-propulsion on a lattice. The model also takes ordinary thermal noise into account. This approach allows us to identify the full entropy production stemming from both thermal diffusion and active driving. Extant methods based on the compariso

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15

Rangaig, Norodin A. "Thermodynamic description of active brownian particle driven by fractional gaussian noise." Physica Scripta 99, no. 2 (2024): 025024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad20be.

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Abstract As a natural extension of the recent results on the thermodynamics of an active Brownian particle (self-propelled), we study the thermodynamics of an active Brownian particle (ABP) driven by fractional Gaussian noise (FGN). To serve as a prelude of the main results, we start from the conventional Markov process but with time dependent diffusion coefficient, where deviation in integral fluctuation relation (IFR) for total entropy production requires a general definition of the temperature, following the same case for a Brownian particle. In other words, the general temperature definiti

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16

Sandoval, Mario, Navaneeth K. Marath, Ganesh Subramanian, and Eric Lauga. "Stochastic dynamics of active swimmers in linear flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 742 (February 21, 2014): 50–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2013.651.

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AbstractMost classical work on the hydrodynamics of low-Reynolds-number swimming addresses deterministic locomotion in quiescent environments. Thermal fluctuations in fluids are known to lead to a Brownian loss of the swimming direction, resulting in a transition from short-time ballistic dynamics to effective long-time diffusion. As most cells or synthetic swimmers are immersed in external flows, we consider theoretically in this paper the stochastic dynamics of a model active particle (a self-propelled sphere) in a steady general linear flow. The stochasticity arises both from translational

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17

Ouyang, Wu, Feipeng Pan, Lei Wang, and Ruicong Zheng. "Frictional Wear Behavior of Water-Lubrication Resin Matrix Composites under Low Speed and Heavy Load Conditions." Polymers 16, no. 19 (2024): 2753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16192753.

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Resin matrix composites are commonly utilized in water-lubricated stern tube bearings for warship propulsion systems. Low-speed and high-load conditions are significant factors influencing the tribological properties of stern tube bearings. The wear characteristics of resin-based laminated composites (RLCs), resin-based winding composites (RWCs), and resin-based homogeneous polymer (RHP) blocks were investigated under simulated environmental conditions using a ring-on-block wear tester. Simulated seawater was prepared by combining sodium chloride with distilled water. The wetting angle, coeffi

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18

Wang, Xiaolu, Martin In, Christophe Blanc, Paolo Malgaretti, Maurizio Nobili, and Antonio Stocco. "Wetting and orientation of catalytic Janus colloids at the surface of water." Faraday Discussions 191 (2016): 305–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00025h.

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Janus colloidal particles show remarkable properties in terms of surface activity, self-assembly and wetting. Moreover they can perform autonomous motion if they can chemically react with the liquid in which they are immersed. In order to understand the self-propelled motion of catalytic Janus colloids at the air–water interface, wetting and the orientation of the catalytic surface are important properties to be investigated. Wetting plays a central role in active motion since it determines the contact between the fuel and the catalytic surface as well as the efficiency of the transduction of

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19

Khodabocus, M. I., M. Sellier, and V. Nock. "Slug Self-Propulsion in a Capillary Tube Mathematical Modeling and Numerical Simulation." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2016 (2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1234642.

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A composite droplet made of two miscible fluids in a narrow tube generally moves under the action of capillarity until complete mixture is attained. This physical situation is analysed here on a combined theoretical and numerical analysis. The mathematical framework consists of the two-phase flow phase-field equation set, an advection-diffusion chemical concentration equation, and closure relationships relating the surface tensions to the chemical concentration. The numerical framework is composed of the COMSOL Laminar two-phase flow phase-field method coupled with an advection-diffusion chemi

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20

Cheng, Zhiguo, and Bing Wang. "The diffusion behaviour of coupled particle rings driven by self-propelled particles in a two-dimensional reflection channel." Physica Scripta, July 17, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/ad648f.

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Abstract Investigated the diffusion behaviour of self-propelled coupled particle rings in a two-dimensional channel considering particle collisions. The channel geometry and noise regulation play crucial roles in directing transport within the system. Observed a significant alteration in the diffusion behaviour of the particle rings at specific stages of the collision process, accompanied by corresponding changes in the diffusion coefficient. As the modulation phase shift increases, the mean square displacement (MSD) of the particle rings displays periodic fluctuations. The binding force betwe

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21

Picella, Francesco, and Sébastien Michelin. "Confined self-propulsion of an isotropic active colloid." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 933 (December 23, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2021.1081.

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To spontaneously break their intrinsic symmetry and self-propel at the micron scale, isotropic active colloidal particles and droplets exploit the nonlinear convective transport of chemical solutes emitted/consumed at their surface by the surface-driven fluid flows generated by these solutes. Significant progress was recently made to understand the onset of self-propulsion and nonlinear dynamics. Yet, most models ignore a fundamental experimental feature, namely the spatial confinement of the colloid, and its effect on propulsion. In this work the self-propulsion of an isotropic colloid inside

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22

Ryabov, Artem, and Mykola Tasinkevych. "Enhanced diffusivity in microscopically reversible active matter." Soft Matter, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2sm00054g.

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23

Roy, Rahul, and Shubhadeep Mandal. "Chemically active particles in extensional flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 1008 (April 3, 2025). https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2025.232.

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In a quiescent medium, chemically active particles propel themselves by emitting or absorbing solutes, creating concentration gradients that induce a slip at the particle surface. This self-propulsion occurs when solute advection overcomes diffusion. However, an imposed flow field can alter these dynamics. This study explores the propulsion characteristics and the related rheological consequences of chemically active particles in an imposed uniaxial extensional flow analytically and numerically. An asymptotic solution is obtained for weak imposed flow relative to self-induced diffusiophoretic

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24

Nayak, Shubhadip, Sohom Das, Poulami Bag, Tanwi Debnath, and Pulak K. Ghosh. "Driven transport of active particles through arrays of symmetric obstacles." Journal of Chemical Physics 159, no. 16 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0176523.

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We numerically examine the driven transport of an overdamped self-propelled particle through a two-dimensional array of circular obstacles. A detailed analysis of transport quantifiers (mobility and diffusivity) has been performed for two types of channels, channel I and channel II, that respectively correspond to the parallel and diagonal drives with respect to the array axis. Our simulation results show that the signatures of pinning actions and depinning processes in the array of obstacles are manifested through excess diffusion peaks or sudden drops in diffusivity, and abrupt jumps in mobi

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25

Gutierrez, Luis Lorenzo, and Mario Sandoval. "Time-dependent propulsion of fully inertial active stochastic particles: Theory and simulations." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter, January 30, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-648x/adb089.

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Abstract Up to now, studies on fully inertial (adding mass and moment of inertia) active Brownian particles (IABPs) have only considered a constant propulsion force. This work overcomes this by studying IABPs but with a time-dependent propulsion and analytically characterizes this system by finding its mean-square displacement and effective diffusion for any periodic time-dependent propulsion speed. To exemplify the periodic general expressions, three particular self-propulsion signals are addressed, expressly, a cosine, a square-wave, and a zig-zag propulsion force. Langevin dynamics simulati

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Bag, Poulami, Shubhadip Nayak, and Pulak Kumar Ghosh. "Particle-Wall Alignment Interaction and Active Brownian Diffusion Through Narrow Channels." Soft Matter, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4sm00848k.

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We numerically examine the impacts of particle-wall alignment interactions on active species diffusion through a structureless narrow two-dimensional channel. We consider particle-wall interaction to depend on the self-propulsion velocity direction...

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27

Hu, Han-Xian, Yi-Fan Shen, Chao Wang, and Meng-Bo Luo. "Dynamics of a two-dimensional active polymer chain with a rotation-restricted active head." Soft Matter, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2sm01139e.

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The rotation of the active Brownian particle (ABP) at the head is reduced by the connected passive polymer. The propulsive diffusion coefficient of the whole polymer originated from the self-propulsion force can be described by a scaling relation.

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28

Zhu, Guangpu, and Lailai Zhu. "Self-propulsion of an elliptical phoretic disk emitting solute uniformly." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 974 (November 7, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.858.

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Self-propulsion of chemically active droplets and phoretic disks has been studied widely; however, most research overlooks the influence of disk shape on swimming dynamics. Inspired by experimentally observed prolate composite droplets and elliptical camphor disks, we employ simulations to investigate the phoretic dynamics of an elliptical disk that emits solutes uniformly in the creeping flow regime. By varying the disk's eccentricity $e$ and the Péclet number $Pe$ , we distinguish five disk behaviours: stationary, steady, orbiting, periodic and chaotic. We perform a linear stability analysis

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29

Chao, Xichen, Katherine Skipper, C. Patrick Royall, Silke Henkes, and Tanniemola B. Liverpool. "Traveling Strings of Active Dipolar Colloids." Physical Review Letters 134, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.018302.

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We study an intriguing new type of self-assembled active colloidal polymer system in 3D. It is obtained from a suspension of Janus particles in an electric field that induces parallel dipoles in the particles as well as self-propulsion in the plane perpendicular to the field. At low volume fractions, in experiment, the particles self-assemble into 3D columns that are self-propelled in 2D. Explicit numerical simulations combining dipolar interactions and active self-propulsion find an activity dependent transition to a string phase by increasing dipole strength. We classify the collective dynam

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30

Datta, Agniva, Carsten Beta, and Robert Großmann. "Random walks of intermittently self-propelled particles." Physical Review Research 6, no. 4 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.043281.

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Motivated by various recent experimental findings, we propose a dynamical model of intermittently self-propelled particles: active particles that recurrently switch between two modes of motion, namely an active run state and a turn state, in which self-propulsion is absent. The durations of these motility modes are drawn from arbitrary waiting-time distributions. We derive the expressions for exact forms of transport characteristics like mean-square displacements and diffusion coefficients to describe such processes. Furthermore, the conditions for the emergence of sub- and superdiffusion in t

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31

Yariv, Ehud, and Sébastien Michelin. "Phoretic self-propulsion at large Péclet numbers." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 768 (February 27, 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.78.

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We analyse the self-diffusiophoresis of a spherical particle animated by a non-uniform chemical reaction at its boundary. We consider two models of solute absorption, one with a specified distribution of interfacial solute flux and one where this flux is governed by first-order kinetics with a specified distribution of rate constant. We employ a macroscale model where the short-range interaction of the solute with the particle boundary is represented by an effective slip condition. The solute transport is governed by an advection–diffusion equation. We focus upon the singular limit of large Pé

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32

Suzuki, Tamako, and Hideyuki Sawada. "Analysis of convection flow of a self-propelled alcohol droplet in an exoskeleton frame." ROBOMECH Journal 11, no. 1 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40648-024-00278-y.

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AbstractThis study aims to analyze the convection flow of a self-propelled 1-pentanol droplet. The droplets move spontaneously when 1-pentanol droplets are dropped into an aqueous 1-pentanol solution. This self-propulsion is due to the interfacial tension gradient caused by the concentration differences. The shape of the droplet is closely related to its behavior because the shape of the droplet changes the interfacial tension gradient. In this study, an exoskeleton is used to fix the droplet shape. In our preliminary experiments, we observed Marangoni convection in droplets dropped in exoskel

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33

Khatri, Narender, and Raymond Kapral. "Inertial effects on rectification and diffusion of active Brownian particles in an asymmetric channel." Journal of Chemical Physics, March 7, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0141696.

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Micro- and nano-swimmers moving in a fluid solvent confined by structures that produce entropic barriers are often described by overdamped active Brownian particle dynamics, where viscous effects are large and inertia plays no role. However, inertial effects should be considered for confined swimmers moving in media where viscous effects are no longer dominant. Here, we study how inertia affects the rectification and diffusion of self-propelled particles in a two-dimensional asymmetric channel. We show that most of the particles accumulate at the channel walls as the masses of the particles in

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Schmidt, Falko, Hana Šípová-Jungová, Mikael Käll, Alois Würger, and Giovanni Volpe. "Non-equilibrium properties of an active nanoparticle in a harmonic potential." Nature Communications 12, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22187-z.

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AbstractActive particles break out of thermodynamic equilibrium thanks to their directed motion, which leads to complex and interesting behaviors in the presence of confining potentials. When dealing with active nanoparticles, however, the overwhelming presence of rotational diffusion hinders directed motion, leading to an increase of their effective temperature, but otherwise masking the effects of self-propulsion. Here, we demonstrate an experimental system where an active nanoparticle immersed in a critical solution and held in an optical harmonic potential features far-from-equilibrium beh

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35

Tsagni, N. A. Donfack, and G. Djuidjé Kenmoé. "Transport and diffusion of active Brownian particles in symmetric corrugated deformable geometries: Inertial effects and rectification power." Physics of Fluids 37, no. 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0255899.

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This work examines the transport and diffusion of active Brownian particles with mass inside deformable symmetric structures under the influence of a constant external force. By adjusting the shape parameter r in the interval ranging −1 to 1(−1&lt;r&lt;1), which permits various configurations of the channel, we detect a notable symmetry in mobility. Significant particle masses impose limitations on the average velocity, mobility, and diffusion coefficient, demonstrating a tendency to cancel out these factors, notwithstanding substantial self-propulsion, external forces, and there is a

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Reichert, Julian, Leon F. Granz, and Thomas Voigtmann. "Transport coefficients in dense active Brownian particle systems: mode-coupling theory and simulation results." European Physical Journal E 44, no. 3 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00039-4.

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Abstract We discuss recent advances in developing a mode-coupling theory of the glass transition (MCT) of two-dimensional systems of active Brownian particles (ABPs). The theory describes the structural relaxation close to the active glass in terms of transient dynamical density correlation functions. We summarize the equations of motion that have been derived for the collective density-fluctuation dynamics and those for the tagged-particle motion. The latter allow to study the dynamics of both passive and active tracers in both passive and active host systems. In the limit of small wave numbe

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Nayak, Shubhadip, Poulami Bag, Pulak K. Ghosh, et al. "Diffusion transients in motility-induced phase separation." Physical Review Research 7, no. 1 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.7.013153.

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We numerically investigate normal diffusion in a two-dimensional athermal suspension of active particles undergoing motility-induced phase separation. The particles are modeled as achiral Janus disks with fixed self-propulsion speed and weakly fluctuating orientation. When plotted versus the overall suspension packing fraction, the relevant diffusion constant traces a hysteresis loop with sharp jumps in correspondence with the binodal and spinodal of the gaseous phase. No hysteresis loop is observed between the spinodal and binodal of the dense phase, as they appear to overlap. Moreover, even

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38

Baouche, Yanis, Magali Le Goff, Christina Kurzthaler, and Thomas Franosch. "First-passage-time statistics of active Brownian particles: A perturbative approach." Physical Review E 111, no. 5 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.111.054113.

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We study the first-passage-time (FPT) properties of active Brownian particles to reach an absorbing wall in two dimensions. Employing a perturbation approach, we obtain exact analytical predictions for the survival and FPT distributions for small Péclet numbers, measuring the importance of self-propulsion relative to diffusion. While randomly oriented active agents reach the wall faster than their passive counterpart, their initial orientation plays a crucial role in the FPT statistics. Using the median as a metric, we quantify this anisotropy and find that it becomes more pronounced at distan

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39

Adersh, F., M. Muhsin, and MAMATA SAHOO. "Transition from random self-propulsion to rotational motion in a non-Markovian microswimmer." Communications in Theoretical Physics, December 5, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1572-9494/ad9a8b.

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Abstract We study the motion of an inertial microswimmer in a non-Newtonian environment with a finite memory and present the theoretical realization of an unexpected transition from its random self-propulsion to rotational (circular or elliptical) motion. Further, the rotational motion of the swimmer is followed by spontaneous local direction reversals yet with a steady state angular diffusion. Moreover, the advent of this behaviour is observed in the oscillatory regime of the inertia-memory parameter space of the dynamics. We quantify this unconventional rotational motion of microswimmer by m

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Ramesh, Prashanth, Babak Vajdi Hokmabad, Dmitri O. Pushkin, Arnold J. T. M. Mathijssen, and Corinna C. Maass. "Interfacial activity dynamics of confined active droplets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 966 (July 4, 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2023.411.

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Active emulsions can spontaneously form self-propelled droplets or phoretic micropumps. However, it remains unclear how these active systems interact with their self-generated chemical fields, which can lead to emergent chemodynamic phenomena and multistable interfacial flows. Here, we simultaneously measure the flow and chemical concentration fields using dual-channel fluorescence microscopy for active micropumps, i.e. immobilised oil droplets that dynamically solubilise in a supramicellar aqueous surfactant solution. With increasing droplet radius, we observe (i) a migration of vortices from

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Guo Rui-Xue and Ai Bao-Quan. "Directed Transport of Deformable Self-propulsion Particles in an Asymmetric Periodic Channel." Acta Physica Sinica, 2023, 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.72.20230825.

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Research on molecular motors, which effectively convert chemical energy into mechanical energy in living organisms, is currently at the forefront of study in the biology and physics realms. The dynamic process of their guided movement, along with the crucial role they play in intra-cellular material transport, has significantly piqued the interest of multiple research institutions, both domestically and internationally. Theoretical and experimental perspectives have allowed detailed examinations of the motion attributes of these molecular motors. Of notable importance is the Brownian ratchet m

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Wang, Heping, Dingxuan Lan, Hongmei Cao, et al. "Self-Propulsion of Biomimetic Nanomotors Promotes Diffusion and Convection Transport for Enhanced Radiotherapy in Solid Glioblastoma." Journal of the American Chemical Society, June 30, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c09121.

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Han, Hyeong-Tark, Sungmin Joo, Takahiro Sakaue, and Jae-Hyung Jeon. "Nonequilibrium diffusion of active particles bound to a semiflexible polymer network: Simulations and fractional Langevin equation." Journal of Chemical Physics 159, no. 2 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0150224.

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In a viscoelastic environment, the diffusion of a particle becomes non-Markovian due to the memory effect. An open question concerns quantitatively explaining how self-propulsion particles with directional memory diffuse in such a medium. Based on simulations and analytic theory, we address this issue with active viscoelastic systems where an active particle is connected with multiple semiflexible filaments. Our Langevin dynamics simulations show that the active cross-linker displays superdiffusive and subdiffusive athermal motion with a time-dependent anomalous exponent α. In such viscoelasti

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Ryabov, Artem, and Mykola Tasinkevych. "Diffusion coefficient and power spectrum of active particles with a microscopically reversible mechanism of self-propelling." Journal of Chemical Physics, August 9, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0101520.

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Catalytically active macromolecules are envisioned as key building blocks in development of artificial nanomotors. However, theory and experiments report conflicting findings regarding their dynamics. The lack of consensus is mostly caused by a limited understanding of specifics of self-propulsion mechanisms at the nanoscale. Here, we study a generic model of a self-propelled nanoparticle that does not rely on a particular mechanism. Instead, its main assumption is the fundamental symmetry of microscopic dynamics of chemical reactions: the principle of microscopic reversibility. Significant co

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Shi Zi-Xuan, Jin Yan, Jin Yi-Yang, Tian Wen-De, Zhang Tian-Hui, and Chen Kang. "Gel transition of active triblock copolymers." Acta Physica Sinica, 2024, 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.73.20240796.

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The self-propulsion of active matter leads to many non-equilibrium self-organization phenomena, and the conformational freedom of polymer chains can produce unique equilibrium self-assembly behaviors, which stimulates cross-disciplinary research between active matter and polymer physics. In this work, we use molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the modulation of self-propulsion activity on the gel transition of ABA triblock copolymers. The research results indicate that under different active forces and attractive strengths, the gel states formed by ABA copolymers can be divided into

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Ender, Hendrik, and Jan Kierfeld. "From diffusive mass transfer in Stokes flow to low Reynolds number Marangoni boats." European Physical Journal E 44, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00034-9.

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Abstract We present a theory for the self-propulsion of symmetric, half-spherical Marangoni boats (soap or camphor boats) at low Reynolds numbers. Propulsion is generated by release (diffusive emission or dissolution) of water-soluble surfactant molecules, which modulate the air–water interfacial tension. Propulsion either requires asymmetric release or spontaneous symmetry breaking by coupling to advection for a perfectly symmetrical swimmer. We study the diffusion–advection problem for a sphere in Stokes flow analytically and numerically both for constant concentration and constant flux boun

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Huang, Chuqi, Natalie P. Pinchin, Chia‐Heng Lin, et al. "Self‐Propelled Morphing Matter for Small‐Scale Swimming Soft Robots." Advanced Functional Materials, October 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202413129.

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AbstractAquatic insects have developed versatile locomotion mechanisms that have served as a source of inspiration for decades in the development of small‐scale swimming robots. However, despite recent advances in the field, efficient, untethered, and integrated powering, actuation, and control of small‐scale robots remains a challenge due to the out‐of‐equilibrium and dissipative nature of the driving physical and chemical phenomena. Here, we have designed small‐scale, bioinspired aquatic locomotors with programmable deterministic trajectories that integrate self‐propelled chemical motors and

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Shapira, Dekel, and Doron Cohen. "Emergence of Sinai Physics in the stochastic motion of passive and active particles." New Journal of Physics, June 6, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac7609.

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Abstract A particle that is immersed in a uniform temperature bath performs Brownian diffusion, as discussed by Einstein. But Sinai has realized that in a "random environment" the diffusion is suppressed. Follow-up works have pointed out that in the presence of bias $f$ there are delocalization and sliding transitions, with threshold value $f_c$ that depends on the disorder strength. We discuss in a critical way the emergence of Sinai physics for both passive and active Brownian particles. Tight-binding and Fokker-Planck versions of the model are addressed on equal footing. We assume that the

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Shapira, Dekel, and Doron Cohen. "Emergence of Sinai Physics in the stochastic motion of passive and active particles." New Journal of Physics, June 6, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac7609.

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Abstract A particle that is immersed in a uniform temperature bath performs Brownian diffusion, as discussed by Einstein. But Sinai has realized that in a "random environment" the diffusion is suppressed. Follow-up works have pointed out that in the presence of bias $f$ there are delocalization and sliding transitions, with threshold value $f_c$ that depends on the disorder strength. We discuss in a critical way the emergence of Sinai physics for both passive and active Brownian particles. Tight-binding and Fokker-Planck versions of the model are addressed on equal footing. We assume that the

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Liu, Rong‐Kun, Yanling Guo, Jia Jia, Qian Sun, Hong Zhao, and Jie‐Xin Wang. "Asymmetric Assembly in Microdroplets: Efficient Construction of MOF Micromotors for Anti‐Gravity Diffusion." Small, June 5, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202402819.

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AbstractJanus‐micromotors, as efficient self‐propelled materials, have garnered considerable attention for their potential applications in non‐agitated liquids. However, the design of micromotors is still challenging and with limited approaches, especially concerning speed and mobility in complex environments. Herein, a two‐step spray‐drying approach encompassing symmetrical assembly and asymmetrical assembly is introduced to fabricate the metal‐organic framework (MOF) Janus‐micromotors with hierarchical pores. Using a spray‐dryer, a symmetrical assembly is first employed to prepare macro‐meso

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