Journal articles on the topic 'Self-concept variability'
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Fukushima, Osamu, and Tatsuro Hosoe. "Narcissism, variability in self-concept, and well-being." Journal of Research in Personality 45, no. 6 (December 2011): 568–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2011.07.002.
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Nurius, Paula S., and Hazel Markus. "Situational Variability in the Self-Concept: Appraisals, Expectancies, and Asymmetries." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 9, no. 3 (September 1990): 316–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.1990.9.3.316.
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Roushangar, Kiyoumars, Farhad Alizadeh, Jan Adamowski, and Seyed Mehdi Saghebian. "Exploring the multiscale changeability of precipitation using the entropy concept and self-organizing maps." Journal of Water and Climate Change 11, no. 3 (February 7, 2019): 655–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2019.097.
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Abstract This study utilized a spatio-temporal framework to assess the dispersion and uncertainty of precipitation in Iran. Thirty-one rain gauges with data from 1960 to 2010 were selected in order to apply the entropy concept and study spatio-temporal variability of precipitation. The variability of monthly, seasonal and annual precipitation series was studied using the marginal disorder index (MDI). To investigate the intra-annual and decadal distribution of monthly and annual precipitation values, the apportionment disorder index (ADI) and decadal ADI (DADI) were applied to the time series. The continuous wavelet transform was used to decompose the ADI time series into time-frequency domains. The decomposition of the ADI series into different zones helped to identify the dominant modes of variability and the variation of those modes over time. The results revealed the high disorderliness in the amount of precipitation for different temporal scales based on disorder indices. Based on the DI outcome for all rain gauges, a self-organizing map (SOM) was trained to find the optimum number of clusters (seven) of rain gauges. It was observed from the clustering that there was hydrologic similarity in the clusters apart from the geographic neighborhood.
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Fan, Leyi, Qin Duan, and Siyang Luo. "Self-dependent neural variability predicts recovery from depressive symptoms." Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 16, no. 9 (May 15, 2021): 962–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/scan/nsab050.
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Abstract Researchers have increasingly paid attention to the neural dynamics of depression. This study examined whether self-dependent neural variability predicts recovery from depressive symptoms. Sixty adults with depressive symptoms who were not officially diagnosed with major depressive disorder participated in this study. Participants completed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanning, including a resting-state and a self-reflection task. The fMRI data were used to estimate neural variability, which refers to the temporal variability in regional functional connectivity patterns. Participants then completed the Self-Construal Scale and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The change in BDI scores over 3 months indicated the degree of recovery from depressive symptoms. Self-construal moderated the effects of general neural variability on predicting recovery from depressive symptoms. Interdependent individuals became less depressive with higher general neural variability, but the relationship was not significant in independent individuals. The differences in neural variability between self-related and other-related conditions also predicted recovery from depressive symptoms. The regions contributing to the prediction were mainly distributed in the default-mode network. Based on these results, the harmony between individuals’ neural dynamics and self-concept is important for recovery from depressive symptoms, which might be a foundation for individualized treatment and counseling.
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Tocci, Michael C., Patrick D. Converse, and Nicholas A. Moon. "Core Self-Evaluations Over Time." Journal of Individual Differences 41, no. 1 (January 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000314.
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Abstract. Core self-evaluations (CSEs) represent a prominent construct with links to a number of important organizational behaviors and outcomes. Previous research on this variable appears to have assumed that CSE is a stable trait. However, very little research has examined this assumption, particularly over longer time periods. This study investigated this issue, focusing on within-person variability in CSE. Drawing from several theoretical perspectives related to self-concept, we examined the extent to which levels of this construct varied over several years as well as potential predictors of this variability. Hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated there was substantial within-person variance in CSE over time and this variability was related to income and education. These findings shed additional light on the fundamental nature of CSE, contributing to a new perspective on this construct with potential implications for employees, organizations, and researchers.
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Hay, Ian, Adrian F. Ashman, and Christina E. van Kraayenoord. "Self-concept test generalisability: Self-description questionnaire- I and the perception of ability scale for students." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 15, no. 1 (May 1998): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200027863.
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AbstractThe validity of standardised ossessment instruments and their normative data is a significant issue in school psychology. Consequently, this study of 515 coeducational Queensland Year 5 students investigated the generalisability and robustness of the norms of two contemporary self-concept instruments, the Self-Description Questionnaire-I (SDQ-I; Marsh, 1988) and the Perception of Ability Scale for Students (PASS; Boersma & Chapman, 1992). Both tests have received praise for their theoretical construct but have been criticised for the regionalisation of their norming populations.The results of this study demonstrated that the Queensland students had higher mean PASS self-concept scores than the North American students used in the norming of all the PASS scales. For the SDQ- I, a similar distribution pattern was shown for Queensland students and SDQ-I norming sample, with the exception of small variability with Reading and Mothematics self-concepts scales. Issues associated with interpreting and reporting of assessment results and with the assessment responsibilities of educational psychologists and counsellors are discussed.
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Zhou, Aibao, Xiangli Guan, Md Zahir Ahmed, Oli Ahmed, Mary C. Jobe, and Fatema Akhter Hiramoni. "An Analysis of the Influencing Factors of Study Engagement and Its Enlightenment to Education: Role of Perceptions of School Climate and Self-Perception." Sustainability 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 5475. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13105475.
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Predominantly, a school provides pedagogical support to its students, though perceptions about the school’s internal environment can incessantly influence a student’s aggregated learning experience. The present study aims to investigate the impact of the campus environment on students’ study engagement and the roles of self-concept clarity and intentional self-regulation on this association. A hypothetical model about the relationship between campus perception, self-concept clarity, intentional self-regulation, and study engagement was tested. A total of 1597 students from Gansu Province, China, selected through a convenience sampling technique, were surveyed utilizing self-rated scales. Data were collected utilizing the Study Engagement Scale, Perceptions of School Climate Scale, Intentional Self-Regulation Scale and Self-Concept Clarity Scale. Results showed lower to moderate positive correlations between study variables. Students’ campus environment perceptions positively predicted adolescents’ study engagement. This association was also mediated by self-concept clarity and intentional self-regulation. All of these factors explained 41.26% variability of the study engagement. These findings show how the learning environment can impact students. Specifically, these results help demonstrate that self-concept clarity and intentional self-regulation have academic importance to optimize students’ study engagement that in turn promotes quality learning.
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Ko, Han-Jung, Shannon Mejía, and Karen Hooker. "Social possible selves, self-regulation, and social goal progress in older adulthood." International Journal of Behavioral Development 38, no. 3 (December 3, 2013): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025413512063.
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Lifespan development involves setting and pursuing self-guided goals. This study examines how in the social domain, possible selves, a future-oriented self-concept, and self-regulation, including self-regulatory beliefs and intraindividual variability in self-regulatory behavior, relate to differences in overall daily social goal progress. An online older-adult sample worked towards a self-defined meaningful social goal over 100 days. Multilevel analysis showed that participants with social possible selves made higher overall daily goal progress, especially those with both hoped-for and feared possible selves, than those with possible selves in nonsocial domains. Self-regulatory beliefs were positively whereas variability was negatively associated with overall daily goal progress. The findings suggest that possible selves, in combination with two distinct self-regulatory constructs, significantly guide social goal progress.
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Tajima, Tsukasa. "The relationship between self-concept variability and psychological well-being: A survey of female undergraduate students." Japanese journal of psychology 81, no. 5 (2010): 523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4992/jjpsy.81.523.
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Sbarra, David A., and Jessica L. Borelli. "Heart rate variability moderates the association between attachment avoidance and self-concept reorganization following marital separation." International Journal of Psychophysiology 88, no. 3 (June 2013): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.04.004.
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Morganti, John B., Milton F. Nehrke, Irene M. Hulicka, and Jerry F. Cataldo. "Life-Span Differences in Life Satisfaction, Self-Concept, and Locus of Control." International Journal of Aging and Human Development 26, no. 1 (January 1988): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/hdad-xt0c-w8jb-63dr.
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The literature on age differences in life satisfaction, self-concept, and locus of control reveals a variety of conflicting findings. Nehrke et al. reported a study of elderly institutionalized males that attempted to control for some of the possible sources of variability [1]. The present study extended this effort to a noninstitutionalized life-span sample of males and females in six age groups (fourteen to ninety-four). The age main effect was significant for the locus of control measure. For self-concept, the age and sex main effects were significant. For life satisfaction, the age and sex main effects and their interaction were significant. Generally, lower levels of self-concept and life satisfaction and a more external orientation characterized adolescents and young adults while, with notable exceptions, the remaining age samples were more positive in self-concept and life satisfaction and were more internally controlled. Although the three dependent measures were significantly correlated for the total sample, the correlations involving locus of control were only moderate. The data suggest that at least the life satisfaction and self-concept measures may be viable tools to assess the psychological quality of one's life, and that reliable age differences in well-being can be demonstrated if moderating variables are controlled experimentally or statistically.
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Caponera, Elisa, and Paolo M. Russo. "Performance in Timss mathematics test: the influence of self-concept and socio-economic background." CADMO, no. 2 (December 2010): 91–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/cad2010-002009.
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the influence of students' attitudes towards mathematics, mathematics self-concept and socio-economic status on their performance in Timss mathematics test. It also examined the relevance of the different schools' characteristics for the prediction of students' performance. We analyzed data related to 3997 Italian students of 170 schools, a representative sample of students in eight grade school, that participated to the Timss 2007. A multilevel analysis was conducted to distinguish how much of the variability of performance was due to student characteristics and/or to characteristics of schools and of the territorial context in which schools are located. The results showed that self-concept in mathematics helps to explain the differences in performance in mathematics. Further, the socio-economic status, at school level, contributed to the prediction of the performance in mathematics. Furthermore, in the Italian context, significant differences in performance depending on geographic area were evidenced.
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Lacouture, J., and P. Aniorté. "Self-Adaptable Discovery and Composition of Services Based on the Semantic CompAA Approach." International Journal of Adaptive, Resilient and Autonomic Systems 2, no. 4 (October 2011): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jaras.2011100104.
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With the next generation of distributed systems, applications become nomad, ubiquitous or ambient. It becomes challenging to dynamically maintain or update functionalities, or to preserve non-functional properties, like the extensibility of the system and the quality of service. This paper describes the CompAA component model. The main contribution introduces the variability concept with the specification of adaptation points integrated by a mixed component/agent approach. The result is the production of self-adaptable entities, including self-discovery and self-composition mechanisms. An experiment in the area of training, based on very scalable services (e-Portfolio), validates these contributions and provides an exemplification of CompAA mechanisms.
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Liao, Xinyu. "A Sociophonetic Investigation of Chinese Gay Couples' Variability of Pitch Properties in Vlogs." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 8, no. 2 (June 2022): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2022.8.2.326.
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Despite the accumulating body of research in sociophonetics exploring gay men’s pitch characteristics (i.e., mean vocal pitch and pitch range), previous studies usually investigate a uniform concept of ‘gay men’s speech’ by comparing heterosexual and gay men’s pitch properties. However, results were contesting and inconsistent across various studies regarding the pitch properties (pitch ranges or mean voice pitch) of gay men. Instead of treating gay men’s speech as a unified speaking style, this paper investigates the multiplicity of gay speaking styles by exploring the intra-group pitch variations among 20 pairs of Chinese gay couples in their self-shot videos. Specifically, the present study compares the pitch properties, including the mean vocal pitch, pitch range, and pitch variability, between those Chinese gay men who selfposition as ‘lao gong’ (husband) and those who self-identify as ‘lao po’ (wife) in their love vlogs (video blogs). These videos normally last from 5 to 10 minutes on a Chinese online video sharing platform - ‘Bilibili.’ After dividing these gay couples’ utterances into intonational phrases, I used the speech analysis software named Praat to measure the average pitch, pitch range (the maximum pitch value minus minimum pitch value), and pitch variability (the standard deviation of pitch values) on each intonational phrase. Compared with those ‘gay husbands,’ results showed that those ‘gay wives’ would speak with higherpitched voices (p < 0.05), wider pitch ranges (p < 0.0001), and more variable pitch values (p < 0.0001). When locating the discourse functions of these pitch characteristics in their vlogs, I argue that those ‘gay wives’ frequently utilize the so-called ‘pitch dynamism’ to construct an expressive and cute ‘wife’ persona in intimate discourse.
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Eccles, R. "Is the common cold a clinical entity or a cultural concept?" Rhinology journal 51, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino12.123.
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Common cold is the most common infectious disease of mankind and the term is widely used in the clinical literature as though it were a defined clinical syndrome. Clinical studies on this syndrome often use elaborate symptom scoring systems to diagnose a common cold. The symptom scores are based on a study conducted over 50 years ago to retrospectively diagnose experimental cold and this method cannot be applied to diagnosis of common cold in the community. Diagnosis of the common cold by virology is not feasible because of the number of viruses and the variability in the disease states caused by the viruses. Because of the familiarity of subjects with common cold and the variability in symptomatology it seems a more reasonable approach to use self-diagnosis of common cold for clinical research studies and accept that the common cold is a cultural concept and not a clinical entity.
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Lin, Yuqi, Jing Shi, and Chenyang Zhang. "Working Toward Becoming Doctoral Researchers: A Collective Autoethnography of International Students in Australia." Journal of International Students 12, S2 (August 21, 2022): 68–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jis.v12is2.4278.
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It is well established that international education can profoundly influence a student, including identity and agency formation and the acquisition of knowledge and culture. This study applies the concept of self-formation to reconceptualize the international student experience. It captures the development, changes, and operation of identity and agency during self-formation. Utilizing collective autoethnography, the authentic experiences of three international students studying in Australia during the Covid-19 pandemic were collected. These stories illustrate their transformation from international students to student researchers. Through thematic analysis, three phases have been identified in this study, which are self-exploration, self-positioning, and self-determination and shedding light on the role of agency and hybrid identity. A further scholarly investigation is advocated to enrich the discussion of self-formation and add a nuanced investigation into the variability of individual experiences.
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Malheiro, Maria Isabel Dias Costa. "Lay-leds as Educators: A self-Management Educational Programme for Adolescents with Chronic Conditions." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Advances in Pure and Applied Sciences, no. 8 (December 22, 2017): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjapas.v0i8.2818.
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Current health guidelines aim to increase the responsibility of people with chronic conditions to self-care. Literature studies highlight educational programmes for self-management of chronic conditions as a holistic approach, involving special health needs and emotional, psychological and social needs. Lorig and Holman (with adults and the elderly population) and Malheiro (with adolescent’s with spina bifida) have proposed self-management educational programmes, using ‘Lay-leds’, as mentors on programmes. These programmes have proven effective, with positive health outcomes, such as improvement on adherence to therapy, functionality and decrease of use of emergency services and hospitalisations and reducing health costs. Thus, we propose to adapt and implement this education programme for self-management of adolescents with diabetes type 1, using Lay-leds as educators, and evaluate their effectiveness on self-management competences, quality of life, self-efficacy, physical activity motivation, self-concept, HbA1c, variability in heart rate, blood pressure, body mass index and anthropometric profile. Keywords: Self-management programme, adolescents, chronic conditions, Lay-leds.
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Ivanović, Miroljub, and Uglješa Ivanović. "The relations between body mass index, motor skills, and physical self-concept in determining physical activities of junior karatekas." Exercise and Quality of Life 14, no. 1 (June 14, 2022): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31382/eqol.220603.
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The aim of this research was to examine the contribution of body mass index (BMI), motor skills and physical self-concept in explaining the physical activity (PA) of adolescent karatekas (N=148). The average age of participants was 16,56 years (± 1,14). The following measuring instruments were used: Body Mass Index (BMI), Eurofit Physical Fitness Test Battery, Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ), and Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ-A). The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to determine the internal consistency of the questionnaires. The results of the hierarchical analysis showed that the predictor variables explained 18,5% of the total variance of the criterion PA of junior karatekas. With their positive direction, the independent variables of the physical self-concept strength (β = 0.049; p < 0.01), flexibility (β = 0.037; p < 0.01) and self-respect (β = 0.019; p< 0.05) showed the maximum statistically significant contribution to predicting the variability of the participants' PA, which means that junior karatekas who manifest the higher level of perception on those variables exhibit the higher level of PA. This study confirmed that the applied instruments are valid and suitable to predict PA among adolescent athletes in Serbia.
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Hron, J., and T. Macák. "Control of food products’ quality." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 55, No. 5 (June 1, 2009): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/28/2009-agricecon.
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The paper deals with one of the significant parts of the concept related to controlling production quality, which is the analysis of production quality stability done for the following production procedure regulation aimed at the food manufacturing industry. The proposed methodology (respecting the change of location and variability of the food quality characteristics) will be introduced on the milk quality regulation. Also, there is the frequent problem solved out here in the report that relates to food quality measuring – their self-regulation by using the statistical calculation of self-regulation higher classes’ coefficients and also using the functional statement taken from the differential description.
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Bąkowski, Andrzej, Leszek Radziszewski, Paweł Świetlik, and Vladimir Dekýš. "Assessment of variability of acoustic power generated by traffic volume." MATEC Web of Conferences 254 (2019): 04003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925404003.
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The concept of energy harvesting is a mechanism of deriving energy from the sources present in the environment. Using this energy will enable wireless and portable electronic devices to be completely self-sustaining. A variety of sources are available for energy harvesting, including electromagnetic radiation, vibration-, sound -, and windenergy. The output power levels from these sources and the mechanisms involved in energy conversion determine its possible applications. The paper analyses the variability of the acoustic power generated by traffic volume. The equivalent sound level was calculated by permanent automatic sound and traffic volume monitoring stations for three time intervals. The measurements were carried out 24 hours a day. In this study, the authors analysed the acoustic power to be able to compare the fixed and variable components. Standard deviation, coefficient of variation, the positional coefficient of variation, and the quartile deviation were proposed for performing a comparative analysis of the acoustic power scattering. The coefficient of variation is a parameter that satisfactorily describes a variable component of acoustic power. Uncertainties of the acoustic power calculation were compared within the periods under analysis.
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Kim, Young Mie. "The Shifting Sands of Citizenship." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 644, no. 1 (October 3, 2012): 147–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716212456008.
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Identifying the emerging trends in contemporary politics as life politics, this article revisits the notion of issue publics (an auxiliary concept developed to explain variability in attitudes and behavior within the public) and extends its theoretical concept in the context of life politics (a term relating to the choices people make every day and the politics of personal interests). It argues that publics consist of pluralistic groups of people who consider particular issues personally important based on self-interest, collective identity, and values. This article pays particular attention to how the new media environment, characterized by the development of digital media and the adoption of entertainment-oriented, personalized media in politics, contributes to the facilitation of issue publics in life politics.
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Ravochkin, N. N. "Procedural world nonlinear dynamics." Ekonomicheskie i sotsial’no-gumanitarnye issledovaniya, no. 1(29) (2021): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24151/2409-1073-2021-1-62-71.
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In this article, the author attempts to uncover and then critically analyze the nonlinear world dynamics of the leading trend of our time. Close attention is paid to the place and role of social processes that contribute to the growth of nonlinearity and unpredictability of modern world dynamics. The meaning of the synergetic concept is clarified when considering the dynamics of the present world. Shows the variability of modern social relations. The essence of the self-determinability of the world is presented. The hierarchization of modern social systems is determined.
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Solntseva, Natalia M., and Elena G. Solntseva. "The concept of a severed head (existence, thing, trope)." Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, no. 4 (July 2022): 106–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.4-22.106.
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The content and plot potential of the concept of a severed or severed head is ambiguous. It determines the ontological and existential meanings of works. Its mortal semantics is expressed in marking social cataclysm (N. Gumilyov, G. Ivanov, N. Klyuev), philosopheme (M. Bulgakov), tragic foreboding (M. Tsvetaeva), optical deformation (V. Khodasevich), hallucinations (Yu. Odarchenko ) and its implementation by the stigmatist (A. Green), the absurdity of life (A. Vvedensky), violent manipulation (A. Belyaev), self-consciousness (I. Bunin, V. Pelevin). The specificity of canonical and apocryphal interpretations of the beheading of John the Baptist is noted. It is pointed out that decapitation is conditional on both supernatural forces and the will of a mortal. The question is raised about the boundary in the image of the dissociation of the character and his bipolar state. Artistic tools are revealed in the description of emotions, actions of the character, his self-identification before and after decapitation. Emphasis is placed on the variability of the artistic specificity of the concept of a severed head from farcical poetics to naturalistic imagery and symbolization. The plot, narrative, psychological, compositional role of the image of a severed head in a number of works is determined. The phenomenological meaning of the image of the bowl-skull as an expression of historical memory (A. Pushkin, N. Gumilyov, S. Yesenin) and the existence of an individual (M. Zenkevich) is considered.
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Yoon, Gunwoo, and Patrick T. Vargas. "I See Myself through My Avatar: Evidence from East Asia and North America for Acculturated Effects on Virtual Representation Preference." Asiascape: Digital Asia 3, no. 1-2 (January 20, 2016): 79–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142312-12340049.
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In the present research we argue that avatars, as identity containers, can mirror people’s self-concepts. Research in cultural psychology suggests that East Asians tend to be more tolerant of contradictions and that they more easily adjust their self-concepts in accordance with changing contexts compared to North Americans (see Heine 2001). We therefore assume that preferred forms of avatars among East Asians and North Americans are different because of this self-concept variability across cultures. We conducted a quasi-experiment to explore how people in the two cultures differently evaluate two forms of avatars, human-like and cartoon-like avatars, in terms of likeability and preference. We found that East Asians rated cartoon-like avatars more favourably than North Americans. Moreover, compared to North Americans, East Asians preferred cartoon-like avatars to human-like avatars for their hypothetical avatars to play games. We conclude by discussing implications for future research.
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Yakovleva, L. S., and V. I. Kudashov. "THE CONCEPT OF PERSONAL IDENTITY IN MODERN SOCIO-PHILOSOPHI-CAL DISCOURSE: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECT." Intellect. Innovations. Investments, no. 5 (2022): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25198/2077-7175-2022-5-104.
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Relevance: The article is devoted to the socio-philosophical comprehension of the personal identity problem in the Internet. The situation of our time, characterized by “fluidity,” the variability of self-images, “masks”, has a resemblance to virtual space, which allows the individual to “try on” various social roles. The problem of personal identity requires a socio-philosophical understanding in the modern world. Purpose: to reflect the modern vision of sociologists and philosophers of the concept of personal identity, to identify the main characteristics of personal identity on the Internet. Methods of research: The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the structural and constructivist approach. This approach is based on the conception that identities are the construct of the personality itself, they can be transformed depending on the individual’s choice, while the structure of society is determined by the identities system. The main results: A modern individual can be described as an individual of mass information consumption. The study of modern socio-philosophical works of the concept of personal identity allows us to determine the following characteristics: variability associated with social context; procedural nature; structure planning; reflexivity; categorization; selection. Scientific novelty of the study lies in the author’s position, according to which the key characteristics of personal identity include: variability related to the social context; procedural nature; construction; categorization; choice. Directions for future research: in further research, the problem of personal identity in the conditions of Internet communication will be considered by us in the context of the dichotomies “private-public”, “I-Other”, which will make it possible to understand how personal identity is formed and transformed in the modern Internet.
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Satterwhite, Robert C., Ellen E. Fogle, and John E. Williams. "REVISITING THE STABILITY OF VARIABILITY: TRAITEDNESS AND SUPERTRAITEDNESS ON THE ACL AND NEO-FFI." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 27, no. 2 (January 1, 1999): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1999.27.2.205.
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The concept of traitedness asserts that some people are so consistent/variable with regard to relevant trait behavior that they should be considered “traited”/“untraited” on a given factor. The present studies assessed the stability of traitedness, operationalized via the intra-individual standard deviations for each of the Big Five factors, over time using two different instruments. Self-descriptions of male and female university students on the Adjective Checklist (ACL) and NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) demonstrated: (1) reliable individual differences in the stability of traitedness on each of the five factors over time; (2) positive correlations among the five standard deviations at a given testing, suggesting that some persons are generally less/more variable than others; and (3) an absence of convergent validity between the traitedness measures for the two instruments, suggesting that the two instruments were assessing different types of consistency.
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Posavac, Steven S., and Heidi D. Posavac. "Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder Symptomology as a Risk Factor for Thin-Ideal Internalization: The Role of Self-Concept Clarity." Psychological Reports 123, no. 3 (February 11, 2019): 674–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294119829440.
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The study of when and how individuals compare themselves against standards has been an enduring focus for clinical and social psychology researchers in efforts to facilitate well-being and health. Our study focused on internalization of the societal thin-ideal standard for feminine attractiveness, a construct that has proven to be very important in women’s psychological health. Although multiple adverse consequences of thin-ideal internalization have been documented, the understanding of variability in the extent of thin-ideal internalization across women (e.g., why do some women strongly internalize thin-ideal standards when others do not?) is much less well developed. This research was conducted to explore the role of adult separation anxiety disorder (ASAD) symptomology and conceptions of the self in young women’s propensity to internalize the thin-ideal attractiveness standard. Results show that elevated ASAD symptoms are associated with greater thin-ideal internalization. A structural equations model demonstrates the reason for this association; young women with higher ASAD symptomology exhibit lower self-concept clarity, which drives greater thin-ideal internalization. This research makes novel practical and conceptual contributions by (a) delineating a new risk factor for the development of thin-ideal internalization, (b) highlighting a previously undocumented vulnerability of women who experience ASAD symptoms, and (c) documenting the relationship between ASAD and lower self-concept clarity. Implications for mental health practitioners are discussed.
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Alfar, Shatha, and Said Ghoul. "A Holistic Self-Adaptive Software Model." International Journal of Software Engineering & Applications 12, no. 3 (May 31, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijsea.2021.12301.
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The recent self-adaptive software systematic literature reviews stated clearly the following insufficiencies: (1) the need for a holistic self-adaptive software model to integrate its different aspects (2) The limitation of adaptations to context changes (3) The absence of a general and complete adaptations’ picture allowing its understandability, maintainability, evaluation, reuse, and variability. (4) The need for an explicit and a detailed link with resources, and (5) a usual limitation to known events. In order to metigate these insufficiencies, this paper is proposing a holistic model that integrates the operating, adaptations, and adaptations’ manager aspects. The proposed model covers all possible adaptations: operating (dealing with software functions failures), lifecycle (handling adaptations required by some software lifecycle steps), and context (facing context changes events). The presented work introduces the concept of software adaptations process integrating the specifications of all the above kind of adaptations. In fact, this work shows an explicit trace to its pure bio-inspired origin.An application of the proposed approach on a “car industry case study” demonstrated its feasibility in comparison with similar works that proved its meaningful added value and its promising research perspectives.
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Gorgucci, Eugenio, Luca Baldini, and V. Chandrasekar. "What Is the Shape of a Raindrop? An Answer from Radar Measurements." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 63, no. 11 (November 1, 2006): 3033–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3781.1.
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Abstract In a previous study, Gorgucci et al. showed the potential advantage of using together polarimetric radar measurements of reflectivity factor, differential reflectivity, and specific differential propagation phase, in order to gather information about the calibration of radar systems. Scarchilli et al. generalized this concept in the self-consistency principle, which stated that, given a drop-shape model to describe the form of raindrops, the corresponding radar measurements are constrained on this three-dimensional surface. In this work the self-consistency principle is collapsed onto a two-dimensional domain defined by the variables: 1) the ratio between specific differential phase and reflectivity factor, and 2) differential reflectivity. In this space the scatter of drop size distribution (DSD) variability is minimized in such a way that drop-shape variability shows up. This methodology is used to observe for the first time the predominant shape of raindrops directly from the radar measurements. The radar polarimetric data were collected in two different climatological regions as central Florida and northern Italy. The significant result shows that the underlying mean axis ratio approaches the model established by Pruppacher and Beard, and the relationship described by Beard and Chuang forms a sort of border for the sphericity of the drop shape.
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Rybakov, Nikolay, Natalya Yarmolich, and Maxim Bakhtin. "From self to identity: a metaphysical shift." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 16036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021016036.
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The article examines the problem of identity realization in the modern information society. The authors analyze the concept of identity in comparison with the concept of self, reveal the features of the manifestation and deformation of identity, and explore ways to generate multiple identities. The study of the concept of identity is based on the worldview principles inherent in different epochs. An attempt is made to give a complete (holographic) picture of identity, and the question is raised about the criteria for distinguishing genuine identity from non-genuine (pseudo-identity). The relationship between the concepts of "I" and self is studied, identification is presented as a process of predication of "I". In the structure of identity, such features as constancy and variability are distinguished. On this basis, the classical and non-classical identities are distinguished and their characteristics are given. It is shown that the breakup of these components into independent parts results in the complete loss of the object's identity, which leads to its disintegration and death. It is shown that in the conditions of fluid reality, identity turns from a stabilizing factor into a situational one, which encourages the subject to constantly choose an identity. The conditions of transformation of identification into a diffuse process that loses the strict unambiguous binding of the subject to something fixed and defined are considered. Due to this, the identity of the subject is "smeared" all over the world. As a result of this process, the subject loses the need to identify itself with anything: it "collapses" into itself. As a result, there is a contradiction of identification: the multiplicity of identities gives the subject a huge choice between them, at the same time due to the diffusion of identity (its smearing around the world) the selection procedure itself loses its meaning. But if the identity is lost, there are problems with the self, so it turns out to be the end of the existence of the person himself. Therefore, in all the transformations of identities in the modern world, it is important that it is preserved.
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Lazarevic, Ljiljana, and Ana Orlic. "PISA 2012 mathematics literacy in Serbia: A multilevel analysis of students and schools." Psihologija 51, no. 4 (2018): 413–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi170817017l.
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In PISA 2012 cycle, the focus was on the mathematics literacy. Data collected in PISA survey in Serbia on 4684 respondents show that students on average have significantly lower performance compared to average OECD performance. The aim of the study was to explore student (variables at the first level) and school level predictors (variables at the second level) of the PISA mathematics literacy using multi-level modelling. The most important finding is that student and school level variables are explaining variability in PISA mathematics performance almost equally. Results show that on the student level, significant predictors are gender, noncognitive characteristics (mathematics anxiety, mathematics self-efficacy, mathematics self-concept, openness for problem-solving), student perceived teaching quality and studying habits. Results also indicate that several school-level variables have direct effects on the PISA math performance and that several school-level variables moderate the relationship between student characteristics and PISA performance.
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Peregudina, Viktoriya A. "Experience in researching the identity of active internet users." Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences 18, no. 3 (October 21, 2021): 127–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vsgtu-pps.2021.3.9.
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The paper reflects the results of a study aimed at studying the features of the identity of the personality of active users of network mass media of young age. The research is based on the idea of modern authors that identity on the Internet is one of the aspects of real identity that arises due to the projection of stable, significant personal characteristics into the virtual world, the use of the possibilities of information and communication technologies to construct new ones, as well as the transformation of existing aspects of personal identity. To compare the aspects of the identity of the personality of active Internet users (I-virtual, I-ideal and I-real), the criteria of differentiation of existing images, the multiplicity of created Self-images, as well as the degree of fullness and development of specific aspects of identity are used. The degree of differentiation of the types of identity real and virtual-was diagnosed based on the analysis of the results of Osgoods semantic differential; the indicator of the multiplicity of Self-images presented in reality, as well as in virtual space, was measured using the Kuhn-McPartland test Who I am? and its modification Who I am online?; the variability of real personality traits in the aspect of virtual self-presentation was diagnosed by comparing the results of the individual typological questionnaire (ITO) and the method of diagnosing interpersonal relations (DMO) by L. N. Sobchik. As a result of the analysis using theoretical and empirical research methods, as well as data processing methods (descriptive statistics, graphical analysis and calculation of criteria for differences and correlation), it is proved that the identity of the personality of active Internet users is characterized by a greater multiplicity of Self-images, less differentiation of the Self-concept (the image of the virtual Self merges with the image of the real Self), as well as a pronounced tendency to variability of personal characteristics due to an increase in the severity of socially desirable personality traits and a tendency to aggravity of existing ones.
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Rao, Abigail J., Carli Bullis, Katherine G. Holste, Zoe Teton, Kim J. Burchiel, and Ahmed M. Raslan. "Balancing Operative Efficiency and Surgical Education: A Functional Neurosurgery Model." Operative Neurosurgery 17, no. 6 (April 17, 2019): 622–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ons/opz048.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Attending surgeons have dual obligations to deliver high-quality health care and train residents. In modern healthcare, lean principles are increasingly applied to processes preceding and following surgery. However, surgeons have limited data regarding variability and waste during any given operation. OBJECTIVE To measure variability and waste during the following key functional neurosurgery procedures: retrosigmoid craniectomy (microvascular decompression [MVD] and internal neurolysis) and deep brain stimulation (DBS). Additionally, we correlate variability with residents’ self-reported readiness for the surgical steps. The aim is to guide surgeons as they balance operative safety and efficiency with training obligations. METHODS For each operation (retrosigmoid craniectomy and DBS), a standard workflow, segmenting the operation into components, was defined. We observed a representative sample of operations, timing the components, with a focus on variability. To assess perceptions of safety and risk among surgeons of various training levels, a survey was administered. Survey results were correlated with operative variability, attempting to identify areas for increasing value without compromising trainee experience. RESULTS A sampling of each operation (n = 36) was observed during the study period. For MVD, craniectomy had the highest mean duration and standard deviation, whereas the MVD itself had the lowest mean duration and standard deviation. For DBS, the segments with largest standard deviation in duration were registration and electrode placement. For many steps of both procedures, there was a statistically significant relationship between increasing level of training and increasing perception of safety. CONCLUSION This proof-of-concept study introduces an educational and process-improvement tool that can be used to aid surgeons in increasing the efficiency of patient care.
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Mauldon, Matthew, Karen C. Chou, and Yan Wu. "Uncertainty Analysis of Tunnel Roof Stability." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1582, no. 1 (January 1997): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1582-09.
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Fractures, joints, and other discontinuities significantly influence the stability of excavations in rock. Unstable blocks of rock in the roofs of tunnels can have a significant effect on the safety and economic feasibility of highways and railroads. The stability of tunnel roof keyblocks subject to self-weight and surface forces is examined using linear programming methods. An instability measure based on the concept of fuzzy sets is used to characterize the level of instability. On the basis of analysis of the instability measure, the support pressure required to stabilize the tunnel roof can be estimated. A probabilistic analysis based on the expectation of the instability measure is used to examine the effect of the uncertainties caused by the variability of rock material properties.
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Gaydzhurov, Peter, Nadezhda Tsaritova, Abacar Kurbanov, Anastasia Kurbanova, and Elvira Iskhakova. "NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE PROCESS OF DIRECTED TRANSFORMATION OF A REGULAR HINGE-ROD SYSTEM." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 18, no. 3 (September 27, 2022): 14–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2022-18-3-14-24.
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The process of forming new architectural solutions in the field of regular frame-rod systems necessitates the development of the concept of creating original spatial structures through the directed transformation of kinematically changeable truss-type objects. The article presents a numerical study of kinematic parameters during the gradual shaping of a rod system, which in its initial state is a flat hinge-rod network of repeating fragments in the form of equilateral triangles. The controlled kinematic effect on the object was modeled using actuators that were placed on the peripheral sections of the studied grids. The wide variability of the hinge-rod forms, the economical installation process using the principle of "self-extension" allow us to speak about the relevance of research in this direction.
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Foisack, Elsa. "Deaf Children’s Concept Formation in Mathematics." Journal of Cognitive Education and Psychology 4, no. 3 (January 2005): 375–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/194589505787382685.
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The question of why deaf children have difficulties in learning mathematics is the basis of this study. The aim of the study is to illuminate deaf children’s concept formation in mathematics by describing how some deaf children express themselves and act on their way towards understanding two basic concepts: the concept of multiplication with whole numbers and the concept of length.Theories developed by Feuerstein are used in order to describe how deaf children develop concepts, and to investigate possibilities to help deaf children develop their cognitive potential in a more effective and adequate way. Concept maps illustrate steps and pathways taken by the pupils. The importance of language in concept formation, with focus on sign language is illuminated.The children in this study were pupils in a School for the Deaf, a bilingual school with the languages Swedish Sign Language and Swedish. Seven 11-year-old pupils, all the pupils in one group in grade 4, were studied. Video recordings were made of pupil-teacher interactions in problem solving situations in sign language only, with paper and pencil, with learning materials, and with real things.A large variability in the pupils’ ability to solve the problems was found depending on different factors identified by Feuerstein, e.g., self-confidence, looking for meaning, search of challenge, intention to finish the work, and use of known facts. No difference was found concerning the steps towards comprehension of the concepts for the deaf pupils in the study compared to those of hearing pupils. In accordance with earlier studies, it was found that the deaf pupils needed more time to learn mathematics than hearing pupils normally do. As a consequence, they may learn certain concepts at a later age, and the pathways towards comprehension may vary compared to those of hearing pupils. The structure of sign language and the lack of an established terminology in mathematics are also of importance.The bilingual situation for deaf pupils is a reason for developing methods of teaching mathematics to deaf pupils alternative to methods used today.
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Eaves, Connie J. "Hematopoietic stem cells: concepts, definitions, and the new reality." Blood 125, no. 17 (April 23, 2015): 2605–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2014-12-570200.
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Abstract Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) research took hold in the 1950s with the demonstration that intravenously injected bone marrow cells can rescue irradiated mice from lethality by reestablishing blood cell production. Attempts to quantify the cells responsible led to the discovery of serially transplantable, donor-derived, macroscopic, multilineage colonies detectable on the spleen surface 1 to 2 weeks posttransplant. The concept of self-renewing multipotent HSCs was born, but accompanied by perplexing evidence of great variability in the outcomes of HSC self-renewal divisions. The next 60 years saw an explosion in the development and use of more refined tools for assessing the behavior of prospectively purified subsets of hematopoietic cells with blood cell–producing capacity. These developments have led to the formulation of increasingly complex hierarchical models of hematopoiesis and a growing list of intrinsic and extrinsic elements that regulate HSC cycling status, viability, self-renewal, and lineage outputs. More recent examination of these properties in individual, highly purified HSCs and analyses of their perpetuation in clonally generated progeny HSCs have now provided definitive evidence of linearly transmitted heterogeneity in HSC states. These results anticipate the need and use of emerging new technologies to establish models that will accommodate such pluralistic features of HSCs and their control mechanisms.
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Arslan, Emel. "Investigation of Pre-School Childrens’ Self-Concept in terms of Emotion Regulation Skill, Behavior and Emotional Status." Anales de Psicología 37, no. 3 (August 11, 2021): 508–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.364771.
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El propósito de la presente investigación es presentar las relaciones predictoras entre el autoconcepto, la regulación de las emociones, el comportamiento y el estado emocional en niños de 5 a 6 años y probar el conjunto de modelos de acuerdo con estas relaciones. La presente investigación adoptó el modelo de encuesta relacional, que es un subtipo de modelo de encuesta general. El grupo de trabajo de la investigación está conformado por 263 participantes (136 niños y 127 niñas), quienes fueron seleccionados entre el alumnado de varios centros de preescolar. Las herramientas de recopilación de datos utilizadas para la presente investigación son Purdue Self Concept Scale for Preschool (PSCS), Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) y Preschool Behavioral and Emotional Rating Scale (PreBERS). Se realizó un análisis de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales para presentar las relaciones predictoras entre el yo, la regulación de las emociones, el comportamiento y el estado emocional entre los estudiantes de preescolar y para investigar sus efectos. El análisis de modelado de ecuaciones estructurales se realizó con el programa de software AMOS 19. En el modelo final obtenido en la presente investigación (X2 = 201.711, df = 71, p <.001), se encontraron cuatro exógenos (aceptación física, académica, social y materna) y seis endógenos de comportamiento y estado emocional, regulación emocional (dz , oh, sg, aao, regulación de las emociones y negatividad de la variabilidad). El índice de ajuste normalizado (NFI) de Bentler-Bonett, el índice de ajuste eficiente (TLI) de Tucker-Lewisco y otros índices de ajuste mostraron que el modelo presentaba un buen ajuste. De acuerdo con los hallazgos obtenidos con las relaciones predictoras, hubo una relación lineal positiva entre el yo y la conducta y el estado emocional y hubo una relación lineal positiva entre el autoconcepto y la regulación de las emociones entre los estudiantes de preescolar. The purpose of the present research is presenting the predictor relations between self-concept, emotion regulation, behaviour and emotional state among 5-6 years old children and test the model set in accordance with these relationships. The present research adopted the relational screening model, which is a sub-type of general screening model. The work group of the research consists of 136 male, 127 female, the total of 263 students, who were selected among students of various pre-schools. Data collection tools utilized for the present research are Purdue Self Concept Scale For Preschool (PSCS), Emotion Regulation Checklist (ERC) and Preschool Behavioural and Emotional Rating Scale (PreBERS). Structural equation modelling analysis was conducted to present the predictor relationships between self, emotion regulation, behaviour and emotional state among pre-school students and to investigate their effects. Structural equation modelling analysis was conducted in AMOS 19 software program. In the final model obtained in the present research (X2 = 201.711, df = 71, p < .001), there were four exogenous (physical, academic, social and mother acceptance) and six endogenous behaviour and emotional state, emotion regulation (dz, oh, sg, aao, emotion regulation and variability negativity) data. The Bentler-Bonett normed fit index (NFI), The Tucker-Lewisco efficient fit index (TLI) and other fit indices showed that the model presented a good fit. According to the findings obtained with predictor relationships, there was a positive linear relationship between self and behaviour and emotional state and there was a positive linear relationship between self-concept and emotion regulation among pre-school students.
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Heinemann, Klaus. "Unemployment, Personality, and Involvement in Sport." Sociology of Sport Journal 2, no. 2 (June 1985): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ssj.2.2.157.
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This paper involves an investigation of the extent to which the leisure-time activities of individuals are tied to work and occupation. Primary attention is focused on how unemployment affects involvement in sport. An analysis of data collected in a 6-month study of 2,500 West German women leads to the conclusion that sports involvement is embedded in a social evaluation of work and leisure time. Sport involvement presupposes a specific personal and social identity, and is linked with a feeling of self-confidence to a specific body concept and time consciousness. What our ideas clarify is that the variability of personality disposition is shaped by situational factors; occupation and work, among other factors, are stabilizing influences. This stability can deteriorate among the unemployed if it is not secured by alternative roles. When stability deteriorates, sport involvement tends to decline.
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Karateev, A. E. "A patient with osteoarthritis out of a doctor's field of vision: how should joint pain be controlled within the concept of responsible self-treatment?" Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, Psychosomatics 11, no. 2S (June 22, 2019): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14412/2074-2711-2019-2s-52-61.
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The development of effective and safe treatments for osteoarthritis (OA), the most common chronic joint disease, is one of the main challenges facing modern medicine. Despite the fact that there are many drugs and non-drug therapies, the treatment of OA is not always successful, especially in terms of long-term prognosis. This is determined by the heterogeneity of OA, different phenotypes of this disease, as well as by a significant variability in its course, which complicates individual therapy choice. In this situation, a well-informed patient can become an effective physician assistant. Thus, the patient can control his/her condition in accordance with the responsible self-treatment principles: to assess therapy results and disease exacerbations, to maintain muscle tone and the necessary level of motor activity, to carry out therapeutic exercises, as well as to independently stop short-term increased pain episodes with over-the-counter analgesics. One of the most popular over-the-counter painkillers used worldwide is naproxen administered in low doses. This drug has proven to be an effective analgesic with good tolerability, standing out among all nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs having a minimal risk for cardiovascular events. Teraliv 275 mg, a new over-thecounter formulation of naproxen, has currently emerged in Russia now. It seems that this medication will become an essential element of therapy for OA within the concept of responsible self-medication.
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STEPANENKO, VIKTOR. "THE CONCEPT OF CIVIL SOCIETY AS A RESEARCH PROGRAM." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2022 (3) (2022): 40–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2022.03.040.
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The article attempts to apply the methodology of the research program in its sociological adaptation (D. Berger, M. Zelditch and D. Wagner) to the analysis of historical and contemporary issues of civil society. The concept of civil society is presented as a research program, which is characterized by its own logic of development, historical sequence, variability of semantic representations and actualization of various contextual accents. The structure and features of the concept of civil society as a research program are outlined. Its theoretical core consists of two basic conceptual premises: 1) the principle of social self-activity, separated from state power and 2) the system of norms and value regulations outlined by the concept of civility. The theoretical issues of modern theorizing of civil society are analyzed, in particular the connection between civil society and democracy, the relationship between civil society and the state and the market. It is argued that the key feature of the civil society research program is its historicity and contextuality. The three-stage periodic model of J. Alexander’s civil society concept is analyzed as one of the examples of the development of the research program. It is argued that important methodological guidelines of the sociological research program regarding the conceptualizations of modern Ukrainian civil society are its secularization and nationalization. Modern prospects for the development of the research program of civil society are outlined. It is emphasized that the challenges of political populism require civil society to activate its “protective shield" potential through the acquisition of experience in social activism for many citizens. Resistance to informational fakes and manipulations, which are tools of both populism and military aggression, is also one of the important tasks of domestic civil society and an actual field of research into its contemporary issues.
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Şen Akçay, Zeynep, and Nuray Senemoğlu. "Prediction of Physics Lesson Learning Level by Students’ Characteristics and Teaching-Learning Process." International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology 9, no. 4 (October 2, 2021): 625–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.1754.
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The aim of this study is to determine the predictive strength of the students’ characteristics and their teaching-learning process on the physics course learning level. The variables were also examined according to the academic achievement levels. The study is a descriptive study in survey model. Purposive sampling method was used in the formation of the study group, and 621 ninth grade students were selected for the study group. Cognitive Entry Behaviors (CEB) test, Academic Self-Concept (ASC) scale, Perception of Teaching Service Adequacy (PTSA) scale, Time Allotted to Learning (TAL) form and Learning Level (LL) test were used to collect the data. One-way variance, simple linear regression, and stepwise regression technique were used in the data analysis. The results of the study showed that the predictive strength of the variables examined about the student and the teaching-learning process was significant. The variability in the learning level is 59.9% in CEB, 18.1% in ASC, and 17.1% in PTSA. The relationship between the individual time allocated to learning and the learning level is negative, and has the power to explain the variability in learning level by 2.9%. All variables have the power to explain the variability in learning level by 62.7% together. One of the most important results of this study is that the magnitude of the predictive power of cognitive entry behaviors on the learning level has been revealed. It is thought that the results of the study will contribute to the literature aimed at increasing the learning level of the physics course.
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Ward, Bryan K., Christopher J. Bockisch, Nicoletta Caramia, Giovanni Bertolini, and Alexander Andrea Tarnutzer. "Gravity dependence of the effect of optokinetic stimulation on the subjective visual vertical." Journal of Neurophysiology 117, no. 5 (May 1, 2017): 1948–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00303.2016.
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Accurate and precise estimates of direction of gravity are essential for spatial orientation. According to Bayesian theory, multisensory vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive input is centrally integrated in a weighted fashion based on the reliability of the component sensory signals. For otolithic input, a decreasing signal-to-noise ratio was demonstrated with increasing roll angle. We hypothesized that the weights of vestibular (otolithic) and extravestibular (visual/proprioceptive) sensors are roll-angle dependent and predicted an increased weight of extravestibular cues with increasing roll angle, potentially following the Bayesian hypothesis. To probe this concept, the subjective visual vertical (SVV) was assessed in different roll positions (≤ ± 120°, steps = 30°, n = 10) with/without presenting an optokinetic stimulus (velocity = ± 60°/s). The optokinetic stimulus biased the SVV toward the direction of stimulus rotation for roll angles ≥ ± 30° ( P < 0.005). Offsets grew from 3.9 ± 1.8° (upright) to 22.1 ± 11.8° (±120° roll tilt, P < 0.001). Trial-to-trial variability increased with roll angle, demonstrating a nonsignificant increase when providing optokinetic stimulation. Variability and optokinetic bias were correlated ( R2 = 0.71, slope = 0.71, 95% confidence interval = 0.57–0.86). An optimal-observer model combining an optokinetic bias with vestibular input reproduced measured errors closely. These findings support the hypothesis of a weighted multisensory integration when estimating direction of gravity with optokinetic stimulation. Visual input was weighted more when vestibular input became less reliable, i.e., at larger roll-tilt angles. However, according to Bayesian theory, the variability of combined cues is always lower than the variability of each source cue. If the observed increase in variability, although nonsignificant, is true, either it must depend on an additional source of variability, added after SVV computation, or it would conflict with the Bayesian hypothesis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Applying a rotating optokinetic stimulus while recording the subjective visual vertical in different whole body roll angles, we noted the optokinetic-induced bias to correlate with the roll angle. These findings allow the hypothesis that the established optimal weighting of single-sensory cues depending on their reliability to estimate direction of gravity could be extended to a bias caused by visual self-motion stimuli.
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Park, Soyeon. "A Case Study on Cultural Self-consciousness Education for Pre-service Korean Language Teachers: Focusing on Identity." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 44, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2022.6.44.6.1.
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This study theoretically considered the identity in terms of 'cultural self-awareness education' in order to cultivate the intercultural communication ability of prospective Korean language teachers. Based on this, as a reflective approach to identity, it was intended to seek specific and practical educational measures for mutual culture awareness. To this end, the concept definition and type of identity were examined. In addition, the correlation between the characteristics of identity, language and identity, and intercultural communication and identity was confirmed. Through this, the plurality, relativity, dynamics, and variability of identity were confirmed. In addition, the characteristics of social identities that act as cultural components were reviewed. In addition, based on the fact that personal identity and social identity appear simultaneously in individual speech, the necessity and importance of considering identity in intercultural communication situations were confirmed. This study specifically presented cultural self-awareness education plans for prospective Korean teachers, which were rarely covered in previous studies, in terms of identity. In addition, there is a difference in that the effect was confirmed based on the actual class case. In particular, it is significant in that reflection on identity is not limited to the theoretical aspect but sought to improve communication skills between cultures in a practical sense.
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Bensemmane, Sonia, Marc Ohana, and Florence Stinglhamber. "Team justice and thriving: a dynamic approach." Journal of Managerial Psychology 33, no. 2 (March 12, 2018): 229–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jmp-07-2017-0223.
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Purpose Prior research has conceptualized workplace justice as a stable variable over time changing from one individual to another. However, it can be assumed that perceptions of organizational justice fluctuate within the same person over the course of a few weeks or months due to different events at work. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to suggest that transient overall team justice is predictive of employee’s transient thriving at work (i.e. the experience of vitality and learning at work). In addition, the authors examined transient self-efficacy as an underlying mechanism of this relationship. Design/methodology/approach A total of 395 individuals completed a first general questionnaire and then completed an online questionnaire over four waves of survey. Findings Results of hierarchical linear models indicated that transient overall team justice positively predicts transient individual’s self-efficacy, which, in turn, positively predicts transient individual’s thriving at work. Research limitations/implications Overall, a dynamic approach of organizational justice capturing variability in justice perceptions certainly enlarges our understanding of the concept and its outcomes. Originality/value The study contributes to understand why even employees who feel generally treated with justice by their team may experience from time to time low levels of thriving at work because of a recent unjust treatment from the team and a decrease of their subsequent self-efficacy.
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Grishina, Natalia. "Self-changes: Situational determinants." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Psychology 12, no. 2 (2022): 172–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu16.2022.206.
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One of the trends in modern psychology is the study of self-processes as a result of recognizing the role of the individual in the process of development and creation of his own living space, including self-changes as a response to the challenges of a changing reality. According to the results of modern research, the readiness and ability of a person to change plays a crucial role in its effective functioning. Based on our research, a conceptual model of the process of self-change was proposed, the concept of the potential for self-change was developed, and a methodology for its diagnosis was proposed. The actualization of the potential for self-change is determined by the target and situational determinants, which require studying how the possibilities of the situation are assessed in terms of its correlation with the goals of a person. To identify a person’s desire for change, various methodological solutions are used that, however, are criticized for the decontextualized nature of the data obtained. Attempts to overcome this compel researchers to search for tools for describing situations and context. The article provides examples of studies conducted using the scale of situationism (lay situationism), which revealed two significant aspects — the susceptibility (sensitivity) of a person to environmental influences and attention to the situation; research focused on the study of personality changes, taking into account the context (WAC — Within and Across Context Variability); when describing a situation, it is proposed to be based on information about the structure of the situation, its psychological characteristics and the category (class) of the situation, the formulation of the principles for studying situations (processing, reality and circularity principles) is proposed. Studies of situations with a description/measurement of its individual parameters, however, can be effective in solving particular problems, but do not provide complete information about the situation as a regulator of human activity, since a person interacts with the whole situation, and not with its individual characteristics. The task is to search for concepts of an integral description of the situation as the basis for the target determination of behavior, one of which is Bernstein’s “model of the required future”.
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Donaires, Omar Sacilotto, Luciana Oranges Cezarino, Adriana Cristina Ferreira Caldana, and Lara Liboni. "Sustainable development goals – an analysis of outcomes." Kybernetes 48, no. 1 (January 14, 2019): 183–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-10-2017-0401.
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Purpose The concept of sustainability evokes a multiplicity of meanings, depending on the field. Some authors have criticized the concept for its vagueness. Notwithstanding this criticism, worldwide efforts to meet the sustainable development goals (SDGs) are in progress and are expected to yield results by 2030. This paper aims to addresses two issues and make two primary contributions. First, the concept of sustainability is revisited to develop its integrative understanding. This concept is built on systems thinking – specifically, on the concepts of synergy, emergence, recursion and self-organization. Second, an approach is developed to help determine whether the efforts being made towards the SDGs can be expected to be effective (i.e., whether the world can hope to soon be a system that self-organizes towards sustainability). Design/methodology/approach Based on the assumption that the SDGs and their respective targets are systemically interrelated, the data on the progress towards the SDGs are correlated and the outcome is analysed. Findings The emerging pattern of correlations reflected the systemic coherence of the efforts as an indication of self-organization towards sustainability. This pattern also revealed that the efforts are still spotty and that the systemic synergy has not yet taken place. This correlation approach to Brazil is then applied. The data about Brazil’s progress towards the SDGs from the World Bank’s Word Development Indicators (WDI) database are gathered. The outcomes indicated that Brazil as a whole cannot yet be seen as self-organizing system that is evolving towards sustainability. Research limitations/implications To enable the calculation of the correlation matrix, the data series were not allowed to have missing values. Some of the WDI data series had many missing values and had to be eliminated. This unfortunately reduced the variability of the original data. In addition, the missing values in the remaining data series had to be calculated by means of interpolation or extrapolation. There are alternative algorithms to perform such functions. The impact of the interpolation and extrapolation of the missing values on the study, as well as the pros and cons of different algorithms, required investigation. It is important to remark that the WDI series was the only global and open data set that aligned with the SDGs. Social implications In Brazil, it is important to maintain the public policies that affect SDG 1-6, but it is necessary to develop policies geared towards SDG 12. Environmental goals also need more public policies (SDGs 14 and 15). To achieve this 2030 Agenda, much effort will be required for SDG 17, which is related to greater synergy through partnerships. Originality/value Three qualitatively distinct levels of efforts to sustainability are identified: individual, organizational and world activities. At the individual level, progress regarding sustainability depends on personal attitudes, including the willingness to abandon a self-centred lifestyle in favour of a more cooperative way of living and making decisions, and to embrace a new approach to ethics, which replaces self-interest by self-denial and self-sacrifice (de Raadt & de Raadt, 2014). At the organizational level, a paradox of the need to internalize environmental and social costs into generic strategies and the sustainability strategy that involves core businesses are challenges for systems working towards sustainability. When it comes to global level, in this paper, the authors tried to make a contribution to push forward the frontier of knowledge by proposing an approach to understand whether the progress made towards the SDGs in the past 25 years indicates that the world is, after all, organizing for sustainability (Schwaninger, 2015).
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Kovaleva, Tatiana Mikhailovna, and Elya Vanushevna Khachatryan. "Technology “Reading and Writing for Critical Thinking” As a Resource for Developing Students' Self Skills." Journal of Social Sciences Research, no. 73 (July 26, 2021): 92–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.73.92.100.
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At a time when the pace of changes in all spheres of human life is increasing and the future is predicted only tentatively, young people have to be prepared for their future life on the basis of analytical and critical thinking. The paper presents an analysis of the main ideas underlying the concept of using the technology “Reading and writing for critical thinking” by teachers in order to form some components of the self- skills competencies in their pupils: self-determination, independence, and self-organization skills. Teachers can use open learning technologies, including the technology “Reading and writing for critical thinking”, to develop these skills in their students. The choice of this particular technology is facilitated by the use of the basic principles of this technology (cooperation, mutual responsibility, rejection of possessing the truth, active communication, reflection), as well as a wide range of strategies and specific methods presented in it. The article also analyses the possibilities of using the technology “Reading and writing for critical thinking” in a tutor’s work. The authors have made an attempt to correlate each technological stage with a certain stage of the tutor’s activity: creation of an open educational environment, implementation of educational navigation, and scaling. The article is devoted to the characteristics of the textual educational environment as a condition of self-skills formation in students within the framework of individual and group tutorials with the use of the technology “Reading and writing for critical thinking”: openness, variability, abundance, lack of structure, provocativeness.
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Bipin M, Jeevitha M, and Kavitha S. "Knowledge and awareness of precision medicine among dental students." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 25, 2020): 642–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4010.
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Precision medicine is an emerging approach for the treatment of diseases and prevention that takes into account individual variability in genes, environment and lifestyle of a person. Although the term precision medicine is relatively new, the concept has been a part of healthcare for many years. This study focuses especially to evaluate the knowledge on characteristics of precision medicine among dental students. The aim of this study is to analyse the knowledge and awareness of Precision medicine among dental students. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among dental students through a self-administrated questionnaire. The responses had been collected and statistically analysed. 61% of the study population were aware of Precision medicine and surprisingly, 82% of the respondents came across this term precision medicine. This study concludes that the dental students were aware of the term precision medicine, but they were not well aware of the role of precision medicine in the medical field.
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Coyle, Caitlin, and Ceara Somerville. "AGE-FRIENDLY TRANSFORMATION: AN EXAMINATION OF COMMUNITY MECHANISMS INFLUENCING INVOLVEMENT." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.290.
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Abstract Age-friendly community initiatives (AFCIs) have become key policy efforts aimed at improving quality of life for older residents, but there is limited evidence about the process. This mixed methods study draws on survey and demographic data from 350 municipalities in Massachusetts to characterize communities by these categories: 1) not interested in AFCIs (n=109); 2) interested in learning more about AFCIs (n=84); 3) planning for age-friendly action (n=71); and 4) maintaining an AFCI (n=86). Interview data from key-informants contextualize the process of developing an AFCI. Thematic analyses suggest that progression through AFCIs is self-defined by the accumulation of momentum. Communities committed to AFCIs have higher proportions of vulnerable residents (e.g., living with disability, living alone, non-English speaking). Municipal resources (e.g., budget, aging services) correlate with more advanced stages of AFCIs. Implications of the variability across AFCIs, including the effort required for moving from concept to execution of AFCIs, will be discussed.