Academic literature on the topic 'Self-categorization theory'
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Journal articles on the topic "Self-categorization theory"
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Hornsey, Matthew J. "Social Identity Theory and Self-categorization Theory: A Historical Review." Social and Personality Psychology Compass 2, no. 1 (January 2008): 204–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00066.x.
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Willer, David, John C. Turner, Michael A. Hogg, Penelope J. Oakes, Stephen D. Reicher, and Margaret S. Wetherell. "Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory." Contemporary Sociology 18, no. 4 (July 1989): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2073157.
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REID, FRASER. "Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory." British Journal of Social Psychology 26, no. 4 (December 1987): 347–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1987.tb00799.x.
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Totaro, Paolo, and Thais Alves Marinho. "The duality of social self-categorization in consumption." Journal of Consumer Culture 19, no. 2 (July 6, 2017): 189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469540517717774.
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“Consumer culture” theories frequently claim that people use symbols of consumption to socially self-categorize and satisfy their needs for assimilation or differentiation. Through two empirical quantitative studies, we argue that self-categorization operates according to a duality overlooked by these theories. On one hand, self-categorization can be understood as the assimilation of the “I” into a normatively well-characterized group, a self-categorization that we define as “ontological” in this article. On the other hand, it can be understood as the identification with socially standardized and impersonal models, a self-categorization that we term “formal.” In the two studies, we investigated whether the psychologically perceived distance between the in-group and out-group (metacontrast) is greater in ontological than in formal self-categorization and, second, whether these two forms of self-categorizations operate independently (not correlated) in consumption. The results support the two hypotheses. However, further studies should be developed in order to give a more definitive character to the theory. If the findings of this work were to be confirmed by other ecological contexts and sampling techniques, there might be consequences for “self-brand connection” analyses and in general for consumption studies where social self-categorization theory can be applied.
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Суровцев, Валерий Александрович. "SELF-REFERENCE, THEORY OF TYPES, AND CATEGORIZATION IN WITTGENSTEIN’S PICTURE THEORY OF STATEMENTS." ΠΡΑΞΗMΑ. Journal of Visual Semiotics, no. 4(30) (October 28, 2021): 213–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2312-7899-2021-4-213-233.
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Рассматривается источник логических парадоксов, выявленных Б. Расселом в системе обоснования математики, предложенной Г. Фреге. Самореферентность выражений, предложенная Б. Расселом как объяснение возникновения парадоксов, рассматривается с точки зрения разработанной им простой и разветвленной теории типов. Обосновывается, что теория типов, предложенная Б. Расселом, основана на онтологических предпосылках. Онтологические предпосылки зависят от предпочтения семантическому перед синтаксическим подходом, который принимается Б. Расселом. Рассмотрены синтаксические подходы к логическому символизму, которые позволяют устранить парадоксы с точки зрения языка современной символической логики. Анализируется подход к решению парадоксов Л. Витгенштейна, который основан на синтаксическом подходе. Показано, что этот подход отличается от способов построения языка, принятых в современной логике. The article analyzes the source of logical paradoxes Bertrand Russell identified in the foundations of mathematics proposed by Gottlob Frege. Russell proposed self-reference of expressions as the source of paradoxes. To solve paradoxes, he developed the simple and ramified theory of types. Ontological presuppositions are well substantiated for his theory; they depend on semantic, but not syntactic, preference. Contemporary approaches in symbolical logic prefer syntactic methods. But Wittgenstein’s approach in his Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus is more interesting, especially from the perspective of his picture theory of statements.
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VIDER, STEPHEN. "Rethinking Crowd Violence: Self-Categorization Theory and the Woodstock 1999 Riot." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 34, no. 2 (June 2004): 141–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-8308.2004.00240.x.
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Ng, Sik Hung, and Shelley Wilson. "Self-categorization theory and belief polarization among Christian believers and atheists." British Journal of Social Psychology 28, no. 1 (March 1989): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1989.tb00845.x.
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Page, Elysia, Rosalyn Shute, and Angus McLachlan. "A Self-Categorization Theory Perspective on Adolescent Boys’ Sexual Bullying of Girls." Journal of Interpersonal Violence 30, no. 3 (June 12, 2014): 371–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886260514535096.
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Tetlock, Philip E. "Is self-categorization theory the solution to the level-of-analysis problem?" British Journal of Social Psychology 25, no. 3 (September 1986): 255–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1986.tb00734.x.
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Cai, Qilun. "The Impact of Idiosyncratic Deals on Creativity: Based on Self-Categorization Theory." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 6, no. 1 (November 7, 2022): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v6i1.2303.
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Idiosyncratic deals has become a more and more popular human resource management practice, which is particularly important to stimulate employees' creativity. This paper shows that the idiosyncratic deals has a positive impact on creativity, and the perceived insider status mediates the relationship between the idiosyncratic deals and creativity; Psychological safety positively moderates the relationship between idiosyncratic deals and perceived insider status, and further moderates the mediating role of perceived insider status. Therefore, this study suggests that enterprises should make full use of the "non-standard" characteristics of idiosyncratic deals to give play to the heterogeneous talents of employees, and at the same time, enhance the sense of psychological safety to help employees bravely put forward new ideas and methods to promote creativity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Self-categorization theory"
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Friday, Shawnta Shajuan. "Racioethnic differences in job satisfaction : a test of orthogonal cultural identification theory and self-categorization theory." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3419.
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The theories of orthogonal cultural identification and self-categorization are offered as links in examining the possible racioethnic differences in job satisfaction. It is posited that racioethnicity (Cox & Blake, 1991) is multidimensional with at least three conceptually distinct dimensions. Since there is a need for consistent terminology with respect to these distinct dimensions, the following new terms are offered to differentiate among them: " physioethnicity" refers to the physiological dimension of racioethnicity; "socioethnicity" refers to the sociocultural dimension; and "psychoethnicity" refers to the psychological dimension.
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Haisfield, Lisa Michelle. "Interracial Contact and Self-Disclosure: Implicit Trust, Racial Categorization, and Executive Functioning." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2012. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/174275.
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PsychologyPh.D.
High quality interactions with racial outgroup members have been shown to improve explicit racial attitudes. However, the links between high quality interracial interactions with other cognitive and social factors have received less attention in the research literature. Contact theory posits that more contact with outgroup members leads to less bias towards outgroup members. The disclosure-liking effect posits that we like those who we have disclosed to and those who have disclosed to us. Therefore, some researchers have explored whether intimate self-disclosure in contact experiences can be used as a strategy to foster better interracial interactions. The current study found support for the use of self-disclosure as a strategy in interracial interactions to reduce executive functioning impairments typically found for both African-Americans and Caucasians following interracial interactions. This strategy was not as effective for other interracial interaction outcomes. Although implicit trust for the outgroup increased for Caucasians who interacted with an outgroup member, it decreased for African-Americans following an outgroup interaction. Intimacy of self-disclosure was unrelated to these observed changes in implicit outgroup trust. Furthermore, while this strategy reduced the salience of racial category differences for those who interacted with an outgroup member with high intimacy, the strategy also increased racial category salience for African-Americans. The study's results suggest that for some outcomes the quantity of contact may be as important as quality of contact and highlights the importance of studying effects for both minority and majority group members in interracial interactions.
Temple University--Theses
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Templeton, Anne Mills. "Physical crowds and psychological crowds : applying self-categorization theory to computer simulation of collective behaviour." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2017. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/70452/.
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Computer models are used to simulate pedestrian behaviour for safety at mass events. Previous research has indicated differences between physical crowds of co-present individuals, and psychological crowds who mobilise collective behaviour through a shared social identity. This thesis aimed to examine the assumptions models use about crowds, conduct two studies of crowd movement to ascertain the behavioural signatures of psychological crowds, and implement these into a theoretically-driven model of crowd behaviour. A systematic review of crowd modelling literature is presented which explores the assumptions about crowd behaviour being used in current models. This review demonstrates that models portray the crowd as either an identical mass with no inter-personal connections, unique individuals with no connections to others, or as small groups within a crowd. Thus, no models have incorporated the role of self-categorisation theory needed to simulate collective behaviour. The empirical research in this thesis aimed to determine the behavioural effects of self-categorisation on pedestrian movement. Findings from a first study illustrate that, in comparison to a physical crowd, perception of shared social identities in the psychological crowd motivated participants to maintain close proximity with ingroup members through regulation of their speed and distance walked. A second study showed that collective self-organisation seemed to be increased by the presence of an outgroup, causing ingroup members to tighten formation to avoid splitting up. Finally, a computer model is presented which implements the quantified behavioural effects of self-categorisation found in the behavioural studies. A self-categorisation parameter is introduced to simulate ingroup members self-organising to remain together. This is compared to a physical crowd simulation with group identities absent. The results demonstrate that the self-categorisation parameter provides more accurate simulation of psychological crowd behaviour. Thus, it is argued that models should implement self-categorisation into simulations of psychological crowds to increase safety at mass events.
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Ortiz, Michelle. "The Implications of Priming the "Latin Lover" Stereotype on Perceptions of Romantic Intentions: A Self-Categorization Theory Approach." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194246.
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Media effects research has yet to shed light on the effects of exposure to the stereotype of Latinos as passionate and seductive (i.e., Latin lovers). Research on priming ethnic group stereotypes indicates that the activated stereotype affects subsequent evaluations of members of the ethnic group. This study looked at the effects of priming the Latin lover stereotype on participants' judgments of unrelated targets. A self-categorization theory approach was invoked to account for individual differences in priming effects, by assessing the role that ethnicity salience and stereotype endorsement play in priming effects. The experiment found little support for the effects of priming the Latin lover stereotype. Ethnicity accessibility and stereotype endorsement mainly moderated priming effects dealing with perceptions of an unrelated White male target's romanticism, perceptions of an unrelated Latino male target's relational commitment, perceptions of a relationally-committed female target's ethnicity, and compatibility ratings involving the relationally-committed female target. Reasons for the weak priming results are discussed.
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Ryan, Michelle K., and M. Ryan@exeter ac uk. "A gendered self or a gendered context? A social identity approach to gender differences." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20060210.091938.
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This thesis examines the way in which traditional accounts of gender differences in the self-concept have relied on distal explanatory factors, and have thus conceptualised the gendered self as stable across both time and situation. This notion of
a stable, gendered self has been implicated as underlying of a range of psychological gender differences (e.g., Cross & Madson, 1997), such as those in moral reasoning (e.g., Gillian, 1982) and ways of knowing (e.g., Belenky et al., 1989). As a result, these
behaviours are also seen to be stable across time and context.¶
An alternative perspective is investigated, which looks to social identity theory and self-categorisation theory for a conceptualisation of both gender and the self-concept
as being malleable and context-dependent (e.g., Turner et al., 1987). The social identity perspective describes the way in which proximal aspects of the social context affect the expression of gender-related behaviours, attitudes, and beliefs. In this way, the social identity perspective provides an analysis of group membership, group norms, and social influence which can not only account for the differences that are observed between men
and women, but can also offer an analysis of the context-dependence of these difference and an approach by which gender differences can be mollified.¶
A series of nine empirical studies are reported, investigating the way in which individuals (a) define themselves, (b) approach moral reasoning, and (c) approach
knowledge and learning, across a number of different social contexts. Together, the results suggest that the self-concept, moral orientation, and ways of knowing are neither
stable nor inherently gendered, but are malleable and dependent on the nature of the self-other relationship as defined by the proximal aspects of the social context. The implications for traditional theories of gender differences are discussed, as are the
broader implications for feminism and social change.
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Thompson, Nicole J. "Leader Effectiveness in the Eye of the Beholder: Self-Affirming Implicit Policies in Leader Perception." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52863.
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The present study employed a novel approach to extend current knowledge of how ideal leader prototypes and self-concepts solely and dually influence leader categorization and effectiveness judgments. Cluster analysis and policy-capturing were employed to examine independent and dependent variables as patterns. Findings partially supported hypotheses and corroborated previous research. Leader categorization and effectiveness judgments were self-affirming across multiple managerial performance scenarios; implicit policies varied based on the pattern of traits exhibited within their self-concepts and ideal leader prototypes. On average, people who endorsed prototypical ideal leader prototypes and self-concepts were more stringent compared to individuals with less prototypical patterns. They categorized fewer managers as leaders, perceived them as less effective, and weighed Planning, Motivating, and Controlling performance behaviors more in their judgments. The study also showed ideal leader prototypes explained variance in implicit policies for leader categorization and effectiveness beyond the variance accounted for by self-concepts; however, the self-concept remained a significant predictor of implicit policies for leader effectiveness. This novel finding suggests the self-concept, like the ideal leader prototype, is relevant in weighting performance behaviors for effectiveness judgment.Ph. D.
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Korp, Elvira. "“Our souls are there, we are returning someday” – Young Palestinians in Sweden reflecting on ethnicity as an aspect of identity." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23156.
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This thesis examines how Palestinian ethnicity is negotiated and embodied in different contexts by young people with Palestinian background in Sweden. It is based on semi-structured interviews and uses Social Identity and Self Categorization theory. A main result is that the Palestinian ethnicity of the respondents play an essential role for their identity building, regardless of context. While being “Palestinian” is fore-fronted by all the interviewees as central to their identities, they ascribe somewhat different meanings to the concept of Palestinian-ness - what actually makes them “feel Palestinian” or can claim a Palestinian identity. Further, the interviewees’ perception of how Palestinian-ness is generally regarded in different contexts matter. Lastly, their notion of Palestinian ethnicity is strongly connected to the Palestinian territory and the historical-political situation and conflict with Israel. Together, these themes show the complexity of identity and ethnicity, however, the interviewees relation to their Palestinian background is solid.
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Nolan, Mark Andrew, and mark nolan@anu edu au. "Construals of Human Rights Law: Protecting Subgroups As Well As Individual Humans." The Australian National University. Faculty of Science, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20050324.155005.
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This research develops the social psychological study of lay perception of human rights and of rights-based reactions to perceived injustice. The pioneering work by social representation theorists is reviewed. Of particular interest is the use of rights-based responses to perceived relative subgroup disadvantage. It is argued that these responses are shaped by the historical development of the legal concept of unique subgroup rights; rights asserted by a subgroup that cannot be asserted by outgroup members or by members of a broader collective that includes all subgroups.
The assertion of unique subgroup rights in contrast to individual rights was studied by presenting participants with scenarios suggestive of human rights violations. These included possible violations of privacy rights of indigenous Australians (Study 1), civil and political rights of indigenous Australians under mandatory sentencing schemes (Study 2), privacy rights of students in comparison to public servants (Study 3), refugee rights (Study 4), and reproductive rights of lesbians and single women in comparison to married women and women in de facto relationships (Study 5). The scenarios were based on real policy issues being debated in Australia at the time of data collection. Human rights activists participated in Studies 4 and 5. In Study 5, these activists participated via an online, web-based experiment. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected.
A social identity theory perspective is used drawing on concepts from both social identity theory and self-categorization theory. The studies reveal a preference for an equality-driven construal of the purpose of human rights law (i.e. that all Australians be treated equally regardless of subgroup membership) in contrast to minority support for a vulnerable groups construal of the purpose of human rights (i.e. that the purpose of human rights law is to protect vulnerable subgroups within a broader collective).
Tajfelian social belief orientations of social mobility and social change are explicitly measured in Studies 3-5. Consistent with the social identity perspective, these ideological beliefs are conceptualised as background knowledge relevant to the subjective structuring of social reality (violation contexts) and to the process of motivated relative perception from the vantage point of the perceiver. There is some indication from these studies that social belief orientation may determine construals of the purpose of human rights. In Study 5 the observed preference for using inclusive human rights rhetoric in response to perceived subgroup injustice is explained as an identity-management strategy of social creativity. In Studies 4 and 5, explicit measurement of activist identification was also made in an attempt to further explain the apparently-dominant preference for an equality-driven construal of the purpose of human rights law and the preferred use of inclusive, individualised rights rhetoric in response to perceived subgroup injustice.
Activist identification explained some action preferences, but did not simply translate into preferences for using subgroup interest arguments. In Study 5, metastereotyping measures revealed that inclusive rights-based protest strategies were used in order to create positive impressions of social justice campaigners in the minds of both outgroup and ingroup audiences. Ideas for future social psychological research on human rights is discussed.
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Richards, James. "Developing a theoretical basis for the concept of organizational behaviour." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/185.
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Workplace misbehaviour is seen to be a neglected feature of organizational study (Ackroyd and Thompson; Vardi and Weitz, 2004). Where research has been undertaken into misbehaviour the emphasis tends fall into two broad categories. First of all, organizational behaviour theorists use the term misbehaviour as a means to highlight how the ‘negative’ behaviour of employees gets in the way of formal organizational goals. Secondly, radical sociologists tend to use the term misbehaviour as a means to critique Foucauldian labour process theory. Here an argument is made that suggests the disciplinary affects of new management practices associated with human resource management and total quality management have been overstated. Furthermore, radical sociologists also use the term misbehaviour as means to critique organizational behaviour accounts, which are believed to paint overly optimistic accounts of organizational life. However, on further examination it was discovered that neither a radical sociological approach, nor a traditional organizational behaviour approach, sufficiently addresses the current deficit in our understandings and explanations for workplace misbehaviour. Hence, one of the main themes of this thesis was to design a theoretical and methodological framework to address the deficit in our understandings and explanations. As such, a view was taken of how a radical sociological approach (orthodox labour process analysis) combined with an emerging social psychological perspective (a social identity approach (Haslam, 2001)) could help overcome previous theoretical problems associated with researching misbehaviour. Empirical support for this approach is provided by the detailed examination of the objective and subjective working conditions of four different sets of low status workers. The findings are based on longitudinal covert participant observations, as well as covert interviews and the covert gathering of company documents. The findings depart from previous insights into workplace misbehaviour in stressing the importance of acknowledging and investigating both the organizational and sub-group social identities of low status workers, in relation to such activities. As such, a great deal of the misbehaviour noted in the findings can be attributed to the poor treatment of low status workers by management, yet misbehaviour is equally if not more attributable to the empowering or inhibitive qualities of the many psychological groups that worker can associate with or disassociate themselves from. Recommendations are made about the direction of future research into workplace misbehaviour. There are many suggestions made and include examining misbehaviour in a wider range of settings, sectors and levels of organizations.
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Vang-Corne, Mao H. "Identity and Death Threats: An Investigation of Social Identity and Terror Management Processes in Online News." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1452210610.
Full textBooks on the topic "Self-categorization theory"
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Rediscovering the social group: Self-categorization theory. Oxford, UK: B. Blackwell, 1987.
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Turner, John C. Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.
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Turner, John C. Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987.
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Rediscovering the Social Group: A Self-Categorization Theory. Blackwell Publishers, 1989.
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White, Bretton. Staging Discomfort. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401544.001.0001.
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Staging Discomfort examines how queer bodies are theatrically represented on the Cuban stage in order to re-evaluate the role of categorization as one of the state’s primary revolutionary tools. These performances concentrate on an aesthetics of fluidity, and thus upset traditional understandings of performer and spectator, and what constitutes the ideal Cuban citizenry. New affective modes are produced when performing bodies highlight—often in uncomfortably intimate, grotesque, or raw ways—the unavoidability of spectators’ bodies, and their capacity for queerness. Here the imagining of new continuities and subjectivities can lead to a reconfiguration of forms of Cuban citizenship. The affective responses from the closeness experienced in the performances in Staging Discomfort are challenges to the Cuban state’s self-designated role as primary provider for the needs of its citizens’ bodies. Through the lens of queer theory, the manuscript explores the body’s centrality to the state’s deployment of fear to successfully marginalize gay life, which this group of works seeks to defuse through an articulation of intimacies, shame, the death drive, cruising, and failure. These affective experiences shape Cuban subjectivities that emerge out of queerness, but whose focus on inclusivity necessarily involves all Cubans. Several of the central questions that guide Staging Discomfort are: How is Cuban theater agile in its critiques considering the state’s limitations on expression? How do queer performances allow for new understandings about the effects of the state’s failing socialist utopian contract with its citizens? And, can Cuban bodies that come together in queer ways re-imagine Cuban citizenship?
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Eatwell, Roger. Populism and Fascism. Edited by Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, Paul Taggart, Paulina Ochoa Espejo, and Pierre Ostiguy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198803560.013.14.
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Populism and fascism are identified by their foundational ideologies. In the case of “thin” populist ideology the core matrices are: (1) the plain people, (2) self-serving elites, and (3) rule by popular will. In the case of fascism they are the creation of: (1) the holistic nation, (2) a “new man,” and (3) a third way authoritarian state. These are then used to assess contested later manifestations, including Peronism, Donald Trump, and the French Front National. A problem in categorization is that whilst populism and fascism differ notably ideologically, in practice the latter has borrowed aspects of populist discourse and style, and populism can degenerate into leader-oriented authoritarian and exclusionary politics.
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James, David. Decentring Englishness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198749394.003.0027.
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This chapter asks if there is something about the displacement of national identity that correlates with the formal development of the ‘English Novel’, even though that designation is now considered untenable, if not unusable. Reservations about tracing correlations, let alone compatibilities, between the persistence of Englishness and the prose of novelists whose job might be to decentre it, are so consolidated in literary studies that the cautions hardly need rehearsing. Yet the chapter considers how we might approach writers whose self-categorization defies criticism’s prevailing inhibitions. And even when we do spot such contradictions, the chapter considers whether we can arbitrate, textually or biographically, in discrepancies between ethnic and aesthetic realms. In doing so, this chapter explores the ‘fairy tale’ of Englishness and what it might mean for our historical understanding of contemporary fiction.
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Hancock, Landon E. Ethnic Identities and Boundaries: Anthropological, Psychological, and Sociological Approaches. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.171.
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Ethnicity and identity are largely about boundaries; in fact, there is no way to determine one’s identity—ethnic or otherwise—without reference to some sort of boundary. In approaching the study of ethnicity and identity, sociology, anthropology, and to a lesser extent political science and international relations tend to focus on the group level and define ethnicity and ethnic identity as group phenomena. Psychology, by contrast, focuses on the individual level. These two disciplinary areas represent the opposite ends of a conceptual focus in examining both ethnicity as a group phenomenon and identity as an individual phenomenon, with a “middle ground” outlined by symbolic interactionism focusing on the processes of formation and reformation through the interaction of individuals and groups. The thread that runs through each of these ordinarily disparate disciplines is that, when examining ethnicity or identity, there is a common factor of dialectic between the sameness of the self or in-group and differentiation with the other or out-group. Moreover, an examination of the manner in which the generation of identity at one level has an explicit connection to the germination of identity at other levels of analysis shows that they combine together in a process of identification and categorization, with explicit links between the self and other at each level of analysis.
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Alajmi, Abdullah. The Model Immigrant. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608873.003.0004.
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In the early 1950s, Kuwait underwent rapid urbanization during which first-generation Hadramis were swiftly absorbed into Kuwaiti urban houses assuming domestic service roles. It is argued that the socioeconomic path of house-serving shaped the Hadrami character and experience of the “model immigrant” as we know it today. However, the study also demonstrates how a Hadrami migratory practice of dependency on the local family and sponsor was inspired by a Kuwaiti cultural and official categorization process of different immigrant groups in which the Hadramis were depicted as loyal, easily satisfied, and non-subversive. While dependency was valued by old Hadramis as a resource and as a form of social capital, it also continued to inform the perceptions, expectations, and actions of the second-generation Hadramis. This chapter analyzes the ways in which the whole experience was conceptualized and contested in daily interaction of the two generations. This study reveals that young Hadramis’ daily activities in Kuwait, and their aspirations for individual self-sufficiency and mobility, can only be carried out by maintaining a difficult balance between the social-triad, and by managing, or perhaps preserving, the legacy of “good reputation.”
Book chapters on the topic "Self-categorization theory"
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Haslam, S. Alexander, and Stephen D. Reicher. "Self-Categorization Theory." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 455–59. Elsevier, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-097086-8.24087-7.
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Christian, Julie, Christopher J. Armitage, and Dominic Abrams. "Predicting Uptake of Housing Services: The Role of Self-Categorization in the Theory of Planned Behavior." In Planned Behavior, 27–42. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315126449-3.
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Monge, Peter R., and Noshir Contractor. "Homophily, Proximity, and Social Support Theories." In Theories of Communication Networks. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195160369.003.0015.
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This chapter discusses three families of theoretical mechanisms—homophily, proximity (physical and electronic), and social support—that have been identified by social scientists as important motivations for why we create, maintain, dissolve, and reconstitute our communication networks. While much of this research is conducted in nonorganizational settings, this chapter focuses on the theory and research that we consider to be most germane to communication and other organizational networks. Several researchers have attempted to explain communication networks on the basis of homophily, that is, the selection of others who are similar. Brass (1995a, p. 51) notes that “similarity is thought to ease communication, increase predictability of behavior, and foster trust and reciprocity.” Homophily has been studied on the basis of similarity in age, gender, education, prestige, social class, tenure, and occupation (Carley, 1991; Coleman, 1957; Ibarra, 1993b, 1995; Laumann, 1966; Marsden, 1988; McPherson & Smith-Lovin, 1987). Several lines of reasoning provide support for the homophily hypothesis. These fall into two general categories: the similarity-attraction hypothesis (Byrne, 1971) and the theory of self-categorization (Turner, 1987). The similarity-attraction hypothesis is exemplified in the work of Heider (1958) who posited that homophily reduces the psychological discomfort that may arise from cognitive or emotional inconsistency. Similarly, Sherif (1958) suggested that individuals were more likely to select similar others because by doing so they reduce the potential areas of conflict in the relationship. The theory of self-categorization (Turner & Oakes, 1986) suggests that individuals define their social identity through a process of self-categorization during which they classify themselves and others using categories such as age, race, gender. Schachter (1959) argued that similarity provided individuals with a basis for legitimizing their own social identity. The manner in which individuals categorize themselves influences the extent to which they associate with others who are seen as falling into the same category. It is easy to see that the theoretical mechanism by which homophily influences the likelihood of a communication relation is based on the similarity among specific attributes of the actors.
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Smale, Bob. "What’s the Problem?" In Exploring Trade Union Identities, 5–26. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529204070.003.0002.
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This chapter asks why it is important to understand union identities and starts from the position that unions, as with other organisations, project distinct identities in the public domain. It then asks what is wrong with existing theoretical approaches, recognising that earlier writers either adopt some form of categorisation or more flexible frameworks. It explores the application of organisational identity theories to the understanding of union identities and the significance of niche to trade unions. It explains how niche union identity and niche unionism can be understood through systematic observation and analysis of observable characteristics and identification of the sources of union identity. It recognises the very limited consideration of niche in industrial relations literature and to better understand the concept explores theories drawn from marketing, social identity theories, self-categorization theory and identity theory.
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Ungemah, Joe. "Conflict." In Punching the Clock, 155–67. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190061241.003.0012.
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This chapter tells the story of Sherif’s Robbers Cave experiment, where a group of boys were invited to a false summer camp to experience group dynamics in action. Split into two groups, conflict was purposely created and dispelled across a series of coordinated events, highlighting just how hardwired group designations are in the human psyche. The chapter continues by looking at The Troubles of Northern Ireland through the lens of social identity theory, which explains how social mobility, group categorization, and self-esteem influence the pervasiveness of group conflict. Together, these examples demonstrate that the creation of superordinate goals, blurring of social lines, and reducing the importance of group differentiators can have a marked impact on prejudice and unite people of different backgrounds.
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Cassidy Parker, Elizabeth. "Growing Social Identity." In Adolescents on Music, 153–71. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190671358.003.0019.
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Chapter 7 investigates how adolescents reflect the groups in which they participate and how individuals use group characteristics to create and refine self-identity. In this chapter adolescents tell of their musical ingroup and outgroup experiences. Their experiences are then interpreted using a “group in the individual” or social identity perspective, The chapter also focuses on how adolescents use social categorization, social comparison, social mobility, social change, and social creativity to build themselves. At the end of the chapter, there is a discussion of the structural challenges that emerged with adolescent participants in their discussions of social identity. The reader is encouraged to complete a self-reflection and community values exercise.
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Monroe, Kristen Renwick. "The Political Psychology of Genocide." In Ethics in an Age of Terror and Genocide. Princeton University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691151373.003.0008.
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This chapter focuses on why all of the participants—rescuers, bystanders, or perpetrators—had claimed that they had no choice in how they treated others during World War II. It argues that self-image is the central psychological variable, with rescuers, bystanders, and Nazi supporters revealing dramatically different self-concepts. Identity constrains choice for all individuals, not just rescuers, though character and self-image are not all there is to it. The chapter further asserts that the ethical importance of values works through the fashion in which values are integrated into the speaker's sense of self and worldview. Personal suffering, in the form of past trauma, heightens awareness of the plight of others for rescuers; for bystanders and Nazis, however, it increases a sense of vulnerability manifesting itself in a defensive posture and heightened in-group/out-group distinctions. Finally, the chapter notes that the speakers' cognitive categorization systems carry strong ethical overtones.
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do Rosário Dias, Maria, Valter Pedroso Alves, Gunel Mammadova Kizi, and Ana Sintra Delgado. "From the Orthodontic Smile to the Perfect Smile: A New Categorization." In Dentistry. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.109584.
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The facial symmetry from an esthetic standpoint is crucial. However, there are not much research that examine the malocclusion issue or the significance of the mouth and smile in the mental representation of the face. In this study, 151 kids and teenagers, both genders, aged 8 to 24, were asked to sketch two self-portraits of their mouths or smiles—before (and during) the usage of the orthodontic appliance. Participants seek therapy mostly for functional problems rather than cosmetic ones. The findings of this study provide insight into the significance of the mouth and smile for an individual’s sense of self and psychological well, where the maximization of the mental representation of the orthodontic smile emerges as a new categorization of the perfect smile.
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Amador, Julie M., Royce Kimmons, Brant G. Miller, Christopher David Desjardins, and Cassidy Hall. "Preparing Preservice Teachers to Become Self-Reflective of Their Technology Integration Practices." In Handbook of Research on Teacher Education in the Digital Age, 81–107. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8403-4.ch004.
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The purpose of this chapter is to further understand how preservice teachers critically think about technology and their competence in technology integration. A mixed methods research design was employed to gather survey and performance task reflection data from preservice teachers. Data were analyzed using a categorization process based on preservice teachers' conceptualizations of technology as replacement, amplification, and transformation. Results revealed a significant overall effect of the selection of performance task upon whether it was applied in a transformative manner, but that no such overall effect existed for amplification and replacement. Descriptive analyses indicate preservice teachers were self-reflective about the extent to which technology influences students' learning. Conclusions indicate that teacher education programs should consider how they support preservice teachers to become self-reflective consumers of technology.
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Amador, Julie M., Royce Kimmons, Brant G. Miller, Christopher David Desjardins, and Cassidy Hall. "Preparing Preservice Teachers to Become Self-Reflective of Their Technology Integration Practices." In TPACK, 68–95. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7918-2.ch004.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this chapter is to further understand how preservice teachers critically think about technology and their competence in technology integration. A mixed methods research design was employed to gather survey and performance task reflection data from preservice teachers. Data were analyzed using a categorization process based on preservice teachers' conceptualizations of technology as replacement, amplification, and transformation. Results revealed a significant overall effect of the selection of performance task upon whether it was applied in a transformative manner, but that no such overall effect existed for amplification and replacement. Descriptive analyses indicate preservice teachers were self-reflective about the extent to which technology influences students' learning. Conclusions indicate that teacher education programs should consider how they support preservice teachers to become self-reflective consumers of technology.
Conference papers on the topic "Self-categorization theory"
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Hewner, Michael, and Maria Knobelsdorf. "Understanding computing stereotypes with self-categorization theory." In the 8th International Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1595356.1595368.
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Bouchara, Tifanie, Mathieu Bouchet, and Nicolas Misdariis. "Towards a Better Understanding of Mental Models Implied in Sonic Icon Design and Perception." In ICAD 2021: The 26th International Conference on Auditory Display. icad.org: International Community for Auditory Display, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21785/icad2021.006.
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This paper presents our ongoing efforts to determine if there are shared references, i.e. mental models, across designers and potential users of sonic icons in mobile applications. First, 13 sound designer students had to conceive sonic icons regarding 11 common mobile functionalities. Their conceptual models were analyzed through lexical analyses of their self-report on their design and manual annotations of their renderings. Second, the 143 obtained icons were evaluated by 52 naïve listeners through a free categorization task. While deeper analyses are still required, results already indicate that some function/sonic icon links make strong consensus on how they should be realized, considering both the designers’ productions and the listeners’ clustering. This forms one key result of the study and could lead to useful guidelines in sonic icon design.
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Seidler, Alexander, Lars Mehlhorn, Philipp Sembdner, Stefan Holtzhausen, Ralph Stelzer, and Welf-Guntram Drossel. "Proposal for an Adaptive Bone Screw Design Based on FEA Studies Exemplified by Pedicle Screw." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-67768.
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Abstract This paper presents a proposal for a density-adaptive design of bone screws using pedicle screws for spinal fixations as an example. The basis is the analysis and categorization of currently available variants of bone screws, which differ in principle in their thread design because of different application areas (cortical or cancellous bone). These screw variants are investigated in FEA simulations for pullout and bending with regard to occurring stresses. A corresponding simulation model is presented for this purpose. The precise design models for these screws are generated in a CAD system using a self-developed configuration tool. Based on the FEA evaluation, the proposal for a new pedicle screw design, consisting of several thread types merged into each other, is described in detail. By integrating different thread types over the shaft, the respective properties of the bone can thus be optimally utilized.
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Holzinger, F., F. Wartzek, M. Nestle, H. P. Schiffer, and S. Leichtfuß. "Self-Excited Blade Vibration Experimentally Investigated in Transonic Compressors: Acoustic Resonance." In ASME Turbo Expo 2015: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2015-43618.
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This paper investigates the acoustically induced rotor blade vibration that occurred in a state-of-the-art 1.5-stage transonic research compressor. The compressor was designed with the unconventional goal to encounter self-excited blade vibration within its regular operating domain. Despite the design target to have the rotor blades reach negative aerodamping in the near stall region for high speeds and open inlet guide vane, no vibration occurred in that area prior to the onset of rotating stall. Self-excited vibrations were finally initiated when the compressor was operated at part speed with fully open inlet guide vane along nominal and low operating line. The mechanism of the fluid-structure-interaction behind the self-excited vibration is identified by means of unsteady compressor instrumentation data. Experimental findings point towards an acoustic resonance originating from separated flow in the variable inlet guide vanes. A detailed investigation based on highly resolved wall pressure data confirms this conclusion. The paper documents the spread in aerodynamic damping calculated by various partners with their respective aeroelastic tools for a single geometry and speed line. This significant spread proves the need for calibration of aeroelastic tools to reliably predict blade vibration. The paper contains a concise categorization of flow induced blade vibration and defines criteria to quickly distinguish the different types of blade vibration. It further gives a detailed description of a novel test compressor and thoroughly investigates the encountered rotor blade vibration.
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Kalkis, Valdis, Zenija Roja, and Henrijs Kalkis. "Methodology of Physical Load Risk Assessment in Latvia." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100082.
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Occupational safety and health have a considerable value for employees and employers in Latvia. Despite the fact that modern production systems involve highly specialized and complex machinery, there are many human activities including manual tasks that have not been automated due to flexibility requirements. Physical overloading is caused, for example, by lifting or pushing heavy objects, daily use of vibratory tools or prolonged work while bending over. Insufficient physical load (lack of activities) is caused, for example, by prolonged sedentary work without periodic breaks for movement. The importance of psycho-emotional factors, including stress at work, should also be taken into account here. Musculoskeletal complaints are responsible for one-third of the reported cases of absenteeism and disability. Therefore, physical load forms the core of the problem, and is one of the main factors hindering sustained healthy, productive work, and wellbeing. This calls for the development of practical exposure assessment tools, particularly for health and safety practitioners, to quickly assess an exposure to ergonomic risks. The knowledge of the risk and corresponding risk assessment methods are aim of investigation and provide basis for the formulation and implementation of preventive measures. The road building workers, textile sewers and cutters, as well as fire-fighters-rescuers, who are employed in a wide range of tasks, were used as an example of ergonomic risk analysis.Several tools for description and assessment of ergonomic risks applying subjective, mathematical and experimental (objective) methods were used. The chosen tools and technique are: Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ-E); KIM (exposure scores for pushing/pulling, carrying), QEC (exposure levels for main body regions), OWAS (time sampling for body postures and force), RULA (categorization of upper limb postures and force with action levels), MAC (manual handling assessment charts), NIOSH (lifting equations, biomechanical load limits), SI (the strain index), workload energy expenditure (WEE), heart rate monitoring (HRM), myotonometry (MYO), NASA-TLX (mental and physical workload interaction/task load index), WAI (work ability index). The chosen methods have been categorized under four main headings: 1) self-reports from workers, 2) observation methods, 3) mathematical methods, 4) direct measurement of exposure variables at work.Analysing these methods it was established that KIM, QEC, NIOSH, OWAS, WAI and HRM are more suitable for quick assessment of the ergonomic risks at work, while the RULA, WEE and MYO are more complicated for quick assessment. It was found that employee's subjective point of view on workload does not always coincide with the objective measurement results. It was concluded that the physical load assessment methods, analysed in this study, are successfully introduced in Latvia, and preventive measures, such as medical hypnotherapy, including cognitive hypnotherapy and self-hypnosis training sessions, are effective methods to decrease composite chronic pain intensity, as well as to decrease psychogenic tension and muscle fatigue, and to increase the life quality.