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Journal articles on the topic 'Self assembly'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 July 2024

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1

PADILLA, JENNIFER E., MATTHEW J. PATITZ, ROBERT T. SCHWELLER, NADRIAN C. SEEMAN, SCOTT M. SUMMERS, and XINGSI ZHONG. "ASYNCHRONOUS SIGNAL PASSING FOR TILE SELF-ASSEMBLY: FUEL EFFICIENT COMPUTATION AND EFFICIENT ASSEMBLY OF SHAPES." International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 25, no. 04 (June 2014): 459–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054114400061.

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In this paper we demonstrate the power of a model of tile self-assembly based on active glues which can dynamically change state. We formulate the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), based on the model of Padilla et al. [24] to be asynchronous, allowing any action of turning a glue on or off, attaching a new tile, or breaking apart an assembly to happen in any order. Within this highly generalized model we provide three new solutions to tile self-assembly problems that have been addressed within the abstract Tile Assembly Model and its variants, showing that signal passing tiles allow for substantial improvement across multiple complexity metrics. Our first result utilizes a recursive assembly process to achieve tile-type efficient assembly of linear structures, using provably fewer tile types than what is possible in standard tile assembly models. Our second system of signal-passing tiles simulates any Turing machine with high fuel efficiency by using only a constant number of tiles per computation step. Our third system assembles the discrete Sierpinski triangle, demonstrating that this pattern can be strictly self-assembled within the STAM. This result is of particular interest in that it is known that this pattern cannot self-assemble within a number of well studied tile self-assembly models. Notably, all of our constructions are at temperature 1, further demonstrating that signal-passing confers the power to bypass many restrictions found in standard tile assembly models.

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2

Danino, Dganit, and Jenny E. Hinshaw. "Self-Assembly of Dynamin." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 1210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600032128.

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Dynamin is a large GTPase essential for various intracellular processes such as synaptic vesicle recycling, caveolae internalization and trafficking into and out of the Golgi. It is also involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis, and is believed to assemble at the necks of clathrin-coated pits and assist in pinching vesicles from the plasma membrane upon GTP binding and hydrolysis.Purified recombinant dynamin self-assembles into rings and spirals in low salt conditions [1]. A dynamin mutant lacking the c-terminal proline rich domain (APRD) also assembles into rings and spirals, however unlike wild type dynamin APRD constricts in the presence of GTP analogous such as GMP-PCP [2] or GTPγS. to explore differences in the behavior of the wild type and mutant dynamin we dialyzed them into different salt solutions containing various types of nucleotides and studied their assembly over time using negative staining and cryo-TEM.

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3

NARANTHATTA, MILI C., V. RAMKUMAR, and DILLIP KUMAR CHAND. "Self-assembly of self-assembled molecular triangles." Journal of Chemical Sciences 126, no. 5 (September 2014): 1493–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12039-014-0702-0.

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4

Chen, Jinrong, Shihao Zhang, Yuhan Wang, Ruwen Xie, Lishang Liu, and Yan Deng. "In Vivo Self-Assembly Based Cancer Therapy Strategy." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 997–1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2020.2962.

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Nanotechnology has been widely applied in tumor imaging, diagnostic and therapy. Beside the prefabricated nanomaterials, constructing nanostructures in living cells through self-assemble provides an alternative strategy to treat cancer. In vivo self-assembly renders the conversion of compatible small molecules into assembled nanostructures with toxicity, and is expected to outperform the prefabricated nanotechnologies as the small molecules diffuse faster than their assembly form. Attributed to the specific tumor environment such as low pH, high ROS, high enzyme expression and so on, in vivo self-assembly could differentiate cancer cells from normal ones with high selectivity. The in vivo self-assembly based caner therapy has made considerable progress in the last decade with confirmed advantages such as high capacity, minimal drug resistance, high accumulation, enhanced retention and so on. This review summarized the in vivo self-assembly of nanostructures induced by the stimuli like pH, ROS, enzyme, metal ion, localized concentration, biominerization and their utilization in cancer therapy.

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5

Kuo, Chia Lung, and Jing Dae Huang. "Joint Design and Fabrication for Mechanical Elastic Self-deformation Micro-Assembly Technology." Materials Science Forum 505-507 (January 2006): 829–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.505-507.829.

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A microstructure assembled into another part using the mechanical elastic self-deformation assembly technology is proposed in the paper. To attain the self-deformation during assembling, the assembly joint on the microstructure is analytically designed as the feature with an appropriate taper and cross clearance. Take account of the accuracy, the whole process from micro-fabrication to micro-assembly is carefully planned and practiced under a micro-EDM machining center system which consists of vertical micro-EDM with dividing mechanism, and horizontal micro-machining mechanism, which is referred to as on-process micro-assembly. To illustrate the micro-assembly strategies and procedures, a micro-rotor production including assemble a tungsten carbide four-phase micro-rotor into an alumina base has been provided and discussed.

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6

Murugan, Arvind, Zorana Zeravcic, Michael P. Brenner, and Stanislas Leibler. "Multifarious assembly mixtures: Systems allowing retrieval of diverse stored structures." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 1 (December 22, 2014): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1413941112.

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Self-assembly materials are traditionally designed so that molecular or mesoscale components form a single kind of large structure. Here, we propose a scheme to create “multifarious assembly mixtures,” which self-assemble many different large structures from a set of shared components. We show that the number of multifarious structures stored in the solution of components increases rapidly with the number of different types of components. However, each stored structure can be retrieved by tuning only a few parameters, the number of which is only weakly dependent on the size of the assembled structure. Implications for artificial and biological self-assembly are discussed.

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7

Braun, P. V. "Imaging of self-assembly and self-assembled materials." Microscopy and Microanalysis 8, S02 (August 2002): 316–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927602100857.

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8

Kunkel, Meghan, Marta Lorinczi, René Rijnbrand, Stanley M. Lemon, and Stanley J. Watowich. "Self-Assembly of Nucleocapsid-Like Particles from Recombinant Hepatitis C Virus Core Protein." Journal of Virology 75, no. 5 (March 1, 2001): 2119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.5.2119-2129.2001.

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ABSTRACT Little is known about the assembly pathway and structure of hepatitis C virus (HCV) since insufficient quantities of purified virus are available for detailed biophysical and structural studies. Here, we show that bacterially expressed HCV core proteins can efficiently self-assemble in vitro into nucleocapsid-like particles. These particles have a regular, spherical morphology with a modal distribution of diameters of approximately 60 nm. Self-assembly of nucleocapsid-like particles requires structured RNA molecules. The 124 N-terminal residues of the core protein are sufficient for self-assembly into nucleocapsid-like particles. Inclusion of the carboxy-terminal domain of the core protein modifies the core assembly pathway such that the resultant particles have an irregular outline. However, these particles are similar in size and shape to those assembled from the 124 N-terminal residues of the core protein. These results provide novel opportunities to delineate protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions critical for HCV assembly, to study the molecular details of HCV assembly, and for performing high-throughput screening of assembly inhibitors.

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9

Boden, Margaret. "Self Assembly." American Scientist 95, no. 3 (2007): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1511/2007.65.260.

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10

Li, Junbai. "Self assembly." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 14, no. 2 (April 2009): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cocis.2008.12.001.

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11

Ren, Huan, Lifang Wu, Lina Tan, Yanni Bao, Yuchen Ma, Yong Jin, and Qianli Zou. "Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 12 (October 12, 2021): 1140–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.12.85.

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Biomolecules, such as proteins and peptides, can be self-assembled. They are widely distributed, easy to obtain, and biocompatible. However, the self-assembly of proteins and peptides has disadvantages, such as difficulty in obtaining high quantities of materials, high cost, polydispersity, and purification limitations. The difficulties in using proteins and peptides as functional materials make it more complicate to arrange assembled nanostructures at both microscopic and macroscopic scales. Amino acids, as the smallest constituent of proteins and the smallest constituent in the bottom-up approach, are the smallest building blocks that can be self-assembled. The self-assembly of single amino acids has the advantages of low synthesis cost, simple modeling, excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability in vivo. In addition, amino acids can be assembled with other components to meet multiple scientific needs. However, using these simple building blocks to design attractive materials remains a challenge due to the simplicity of the amino acids. Most of the review articles about self-assembly focus on large molecules, such as peptides and proteins. The preparation of complicated materials by self-assembly of amino acids has not yet been evaluated. Therefore, it is of great significance to systematically summarize the literature of amino acid self-assembly. This article reviews the recent advances in amino acid self-assembly regarding amino acid self-assembly, functional amino acid self-assembly, amino acid coordination self-assembly, and amino acid regulatory functional molecule self-assembly.

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12

Babar, Ali Nawaz, Thor August Schimmell Weis, Konstantinos Tsoukalas, Shima Kadkhodazadeh, Guillermo Arregui, Babak Vosoughi Lahijani, and Søren Stobbe. "Self-assembled photonic cavities with atomic-scale confinement." Nature 624, no. 7990 (December 6, 2023): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-023-06736-8.

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AbstractDespite tremendous progress in research on self-assembled nanotechnological building blocks, such as macromolecules1, nanowires2 and two-dimensional materials3, synthetic self-assembly methods that bridge the nanoscopic to macroscopic dimensions remain unscalable and inferior to biological self-assembly. By contrast, planar semiconductor technology has had an immense technological impact, owing to its inherent scalability, yet it seems unable to reach the atomic dimensions enabled by self-assembly. Here, we use surface forces, including Casimir–van der Waals interactions4, to deterministically self-assemble and self-align suspended silicon nanostructures with void features well below the length scales possible with conventional lithography and etching5, despite using only conventional lithography and etching. The method is remarkably robust and the threshold for self-assembly depends monotonically on all the governing parameters across thousands of measured devices. We illustrate the potential of these concepts by fabricating nanostructures that are impossible to make with any other known method: waveguide-coupled high-Q silicon photonic cavities6,7 that confine telecom photons to 2 nm air gaps with an aspect ratio of 100, corresponding to mode volumes more than 100 times below the diffraction limit. Scanning transmission electron microscopy measurements confirm the ability to build devices with sub-nanometre dimensions. Our work constitutes the first steps towards a new generation of fabrication technology that combines the atomic dimensions enabled by self-assembly with the scalability of planar semiconductors.

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13

Aldana, Maximino, Miguel Fuentes-Cabrera, and Martín Zumaya. "Self-Propulsion Enhances Polymerization." Entropy 22, no. 2 (February 22, 2020): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22020251.

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Self-assembly is a spontaneous process through which macroscopic structures are formed from basic microscopic constituents (e.g., molecules or colloids). By contrast, the formation of large biological molecules inside the cell (such as proteins or nucleic acids) is a process more akin to self-organization than to self-assembly, as it requires a constant supply of external energy. Recent studies have tried to merge self-assembly with self-organization by analyzing the assembly of self-propelled (or active) colloid-like particles whose motion is driven by a permanent source of energy. Here we present evidence that points to the fact that self-propulsion considerably enhances the assembly of polymers: self-propelled molecules are found to assemble faster into polymer-like structures than non self-propelled ones. The average polymer length increases towards a maximum as the self-propulsion force increases. Beyond this maximum, the average polymer length decreases due to the competition between bonding energy and disruptive forces that result from collisions. The assembly of active molecules might have promoted the formation of large pre-biotic polymers that could be the precursors of the informational polymers we observe nowadays.

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14

Wang, Jiyu, and Zhen Li. "Molecular insights into the self-assembly of Janus nanoparticles obtained from coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2783, no. 1 (June 1, 2024): 012056. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2783/1/012056.

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Abstract Grafting polymeric chains onto surfaces of nanoparticles generates amphiphilic Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) that can self-assemble into a variety of well-ordered and/or functional nanostructures. The self-assembly structures of JNPs can be designed by the manipulation of grafting schemes, but only if the self-assembly rule can be well understood. By using coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) simulations, we investigated the self-assembly process and morphology of triblock JNPs with varying chain lengths, chain ratios, and grafting topology. The HTH type of JNPs which possesses a middle hydrophobic block and two terminal hydrophilic blocks tends to aggregate into film structures via a shoulder-by-shoulder packing mode. The THT (Hydrophobic-Hydrophilic-Hydrophobic) type of JNPs is likely to form string structures via a head-to-head packing mode. The self-assembled film structures and string structures can be further regulated by the hydrophilic-hydrophobic chain ratio and length, forming rigid flakes, vesicles, porous structures, and so forth. Based on the molecular insights revealed by the example models, some plausible rules and strategies for tuning the self-assembly of nanoparticles are discussed in this paper. They are expected to facilitate future studies on the application of chemical self-assembly in materials science.

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15

Fruchart, Michel, Seung-Yeol Jeon, Kahyun Hur, Vadim Cheianov, Ulrich Wiesner, and Vincenzo Vitelli. "Soft self-assembly of Weyl materials for light and sound." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 16 (April 2, 2018): E3655—E3664. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1720828115.

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Soft materials can self-assemble into highly structured phases that replicate at the mesoscopic scale the symmetry of atomic crystals. As such, they offer an unparalleled platform to design mesostructured materials for light and sound. Here, we present a bottom-up approach based on self-assembly to engineer 3D photonic and phononic crystals with topologically protected Weyl points. In addition to angular and frequency selectivity of their bulk optical response, Weyl materials are endowed with topological surface states, which allow for the existence of one-way channels, even in the presence of time-reversal invariance. Using a combination of group-theoretical methods and numerical simulations, we identify the general symmetry constraints that a self-assembled structure has to satisfy to host Weyl points and describe how to achieve such constraints using a symmetry-driven pipeline for self-assembled material design and discovery. We illustrate our general approach using block copolymer self-assembly as a model system.

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16

Peck, Robert H., Jon Timmis, and Andy M. Tyrrell. "Self-Assembly and Self-Repair during Motion with Modular Robots." Electronics 11, no. 10 (May 17, 2022): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101595.

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Self-reconfigurable modular robots consist of multiple modular elements and have the potential to enable future autonomous systems to adapt themselves to handle unstructured environments, novel tasks, or damage to their constituent elements. This paper considers methods of self-assembly, bringing together robotic modules to form larger organism-like structures, and self-repair, removing and replacing faulty modules damaged by internal events or environmental phenomena, which allow group tasks for the multi-robot organism to continue to progress while assembly and repair take place. We show that such “in motion” strategies can successfully assemble and repair a range of structures. Previously developed self-assembly and self-repair strategies have required group tasks to be halted before they could begin. This paper finds that self-assembly and self-repair methods able to operate during group tasks can enable faster completion of the task than previous strategies, and provide reliability benefits in some circumstances. The practicality of these new methods is shown with physical hardware demonstrations. These results show the feasibility of assembling and repairing modular robots whilst other tasks are in progress.

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17

Tomalia, Donald A., Zhen-Gang Wang, and Matthew Tirrell. "Experimental self-assembly: the many facets of self-assembly." Current Opinion in Colloid & Interface Science 4, no. 1 (February 1999): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-0294(99)00005-9.

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18

Warnock, Dale E., Takeshi Baba, and Sandra L. Schmid. "Ubiquitously Expressed Dynamin-II Has a Higher Intrinsic GTPase Activity and a Greater Propensity for Self-assembly Than Neuronal Dynamin-I." Molecular Biology of the Cell 8, no. 12 (December 1997): 2553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.8.12.2553.

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To begin to understand mechanistic differences in endocytosis in neurons and nonneuronal cells, we have compared the biochemical properties of the ubiquitously expressed dynamin-II isoform with those of neuron-specific dynamin-I. Like dynamin-I, dynamin-II is specifically localized to and highly concentrated in coated pits on the plasma membrane and can assemble in vitro into rings and helical arrays. As expected, the two closely related isoforms share a similar mechanism for GTP hydrolysis: both are stimulated in vitro by self-assembly and by interaction with microtubules or the SH3 domain-containing protein, grb2. Deletion of the C-terminal proline/arginine-rich domain from either isoform abrogates self-assembly and assembly-dependent increases in GTP hydrolysis. However, dynamin-II exhibits a ∼threefold higher rate of intrinsic GTP hydrolysis and higher affinity for GTP than dynamin-I. Strikingly, the stimulated GTPase activity of dynamin-II can be >40-fold higher than dynamin-I, due principally to its greater propensity for self-assembly and the increased resistance of assembled dynamin-II to GTP-triggered disassembly. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that self-assembly is a major regulator of dynamin GTPase activity and that the intrinsic rate of GTP hydrolysis reflects a dynamic, GTP-dependent equilibrium of assembly and disassembly.

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19

Rocha, Brunno C., Sanjib Paul, and Harish Vashisth. "Role of Entropy in Colloidal Self-Assembly." Entropy 22, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): 877. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e22080877.

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Entropy plays a key role in the self-assembly of colloidal particles. Specifically, in the case of hard particles, which do not interact or overlap with each other during the process of self-assembly, the free energy is minimized due to an increase in the entropy of the system. Understanding the contribution of entropy and engineering it is increasingly becoming central to modern colloidal self-assembly research, because the entropy serves as a guide to design a wide variety of self-assembled structures for many technological and biomedical applications. In this work, we highlight the importance of entropy in different theoretical and experimental self-assembly studies. We discuss the role of shape entropy and depletion interactions in colloidal self-assembly. We also highlight the effect of entropy in the formation of open and closed crystalline structures, as well as describe recent advances in engineering entropy to achieve targeted self-assembled structures.

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20

Liyanage, Wathsala, Paul W. Rubeo, and Bradley L. Nilsson. "Redox-sensitive reversible self-assembly of amino acid–naphthalene diimide conjugates." Interface Focus 7, no. 6 (October 20, 2017): 20160099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0099.

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Peptide and low molecular weight amino acid-based materials that self-assemble in response to environmental triggers are highly desirable candidates in forming functional materials with tunable biophysical properties. In this paper, we explore redox-sensitive self-assembly of cationic phenylalanine derivatives conjugated to naphthalene diimide (NDI). Self-assembly of the cationic Phe-NDI conjugates into nanofibrils was induced in aqueous solvent at high ionic strength. Under reducing conditions, these self-assembled Phe-NDI conjugate fibrils underwent a morphological change to non-fibril aggregates. Upon reoxidation, the initially observed fibrils were reformed. The study herein provides an interesting strategy to effect reversible switching of the structure of supramolecular materials that can be applied to the development of sophisticated stimulus-responsive materials.

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21

Tanaka, Takumi, Yuki Terauchi, Akira Yoshimi, and Keietsu Abe. "Aspergillus Hydrophobins: Physicochemical Properties, Biochemical Properties, and Functions in Solid Polymer Degradation." Microorganisms 10, no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 1498. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081498.

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Hydrophobins are small amphipathic proteins conserved in filamentous fungi. In this review, the properties and functions of Aspergillus hydrophobins are comprehensively discussed on the basis of recent findings. Multiple Aspergillus hydrophobins have been identified and categorized in conventional class I and two non-conventional classes. Some Aspergillus hydrophobins can be purified in a water phase without organic solvents. Class I hydrophobins of Aspergilli self-assemble to form amphipathic membranes. At the air–liquid interface, RolA of Aspergillus oryzae self-assembles via four stages, and its self-assembled films consist of two layers, a rodlet membrane facing air and rod-like structures facing liquid. The self-assembly depends mainly on hydrophobin conformation and solution pH. Cys4–Cys5 and Cys7–Cys8 loops, disulfide bonds, and conserved Cys residues of RodA-like hydrophobins are necessary for self-assembly at the interface and for adsorption to solid surfaces. AfRodA helps Aspergillus fumigatus to evade recognition by the host immune system. RodA-like hydrophobins recruit cutinases to promote the hydrolysis of aliphatic polyesters. This mechanism appears to be conserved in Aspergillus and other filamentous fungi, and may be beneficial for their growth. Aspergilli produce various small secreted proteins (SSPs) including hydrophobins, hydrophobic surface–binding proteins, and effector proteins. Aspergilli may use a wide variety of SSPs to decompose solid polymers.

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22

Liu, Yi, Yuting Chen, Xiaowu Jiang, Qianying Ni, Chen Liu, Fangfang Shang, Qingchao Xia, and Sheng Zhang. "Self-Assembly at a Macroscale Using Aerodynamics." Applied Sciences 12, no. 15 (July 30, 2022): 7676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12157676.

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Intuitive self-assembly devices are of great significance to the emerging applications of self-assembly theory. In this paper, a novel intuitive device with an aerodynamic system is fabricated for the self-assembly experiment. Table tennis balls were used as the objects to be assembled during the self-assembly process. To understand more about the system, two experiments were designed—the directed assembly experiment was conducted to organize a specific structure and to explore the influences of environmental variables, and the indirect assembly experiment repeated with the “bottom-up” self-organization process and expressed the characteristics of “the optimization” and “the emergence” in the self-organization process. This article expressed a novel self-assembly approach at a macroscale and created a new choice or idea for the structural design and the optimization method.

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23

Ruan, Li Ping, and Zhi Hua Xing. "Dynamic Self-Assembly Process of a Designed Peptide." Advanced Materials Research 750-752 (August 2013): 1630–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1630.

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In this paper, we reported the dynamic self-assembly process of an half-sequence ionic self-complementarity peptide CH3CO-Pro-Ser-Phe-Cys-Phe-Lys-Phe-Glu-Pro-NH2, which could self-assemble into stable nanofibers and formed hydrogel consisting of >99% water. The dynamic self-assembly process was detected by circular dichroism (CD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). CD spectrum revealed that the mainly contents of the peptide were regular β-sheet structure. The data indicated that though the secondary structure of the peptide formed immediately, the microstructure of the self-assembly process of the designed peptide formed slowly. AFM image illustrated that the self-assembly process was layer-by-layer assembly.

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24

Svensson, Fredric G., Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva, Nicholas A. Kotov, and Vadim G. Kessler. "Self-Assembly of Asymmetrically Functionalized Titania Nanoparticles into Nanoshells." Materials 13, no. 21 (October 29, 2020): 4856. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214856.

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Titania (anatase) nanoparticles were anisotropically functionalized in water-toluene Pickering emulsions to self-assemble into nanoshells with diameters from 500 nm to 3 μm as candidates for encapsulation of drugs and other compounds. The water-phase contained a hydrophilic ligand, glucose-6-phosphate, while the toluene-phase contained a hydrophobic ligand, n-dodecylphosphonic acid. The addition of a dilute sodium alginate suspension that provided electrostatic charge was essential for the self-limited assembly of the nanoshells. The self-assembled spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, elemental mapping, and atomic force microscopy. Drug release studies using tetracycline suggest a rapid release dominated by surface desorption.

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25

Hamoudi, Hicham, Mirko Prato, Céline Dablemont, Ornella Cavalleri, Maurizio Canepa, and Vladimir A. Esaulov. "Self-Assembly of 1,4-Benzenedimethanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold." Langmuir 26, no. 10 (May 18, 2010): 7242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la904317b.

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26

Caspar, Donald L. D. "Self-control of self-assembly." Current Biology 1, no. 1 (February 1991): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(91)90119-h.

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27

NAGAYAMA, Kuniaki. "Self-Organization and Self-Assembly." Hyomen Kagaku 27, no. 3 (2006): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1380/jsssj.27.137.

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28

Shu, H. B., and H. C. Joshi. "Gamma-tubulin can both nucleate microtubule assembly and self-assemble into novel tubular structures in mammalian cells." Journal of Cell Biology 130, no. 5 (September 1, 1995): 1137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.130.5.1137.

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alpha-, beta-, and gamma-tubulins are evolutionarily highly conserved members of the tubulin gene superfamily. While the abundant members, alpha- and beta-tubulins, constitute the building blocks of cellular microtubule polymers, gamma-tubulin is a low abundance protein which localized to the pericentriolar material and may play a role in microtubule assembly. To test whether gamma-tubulin mediates the nucleation of microtubule assembly in vivo, and co-assembles with alpha- and beta-tubulins into microtubules or self-assembles into macro-molecular structures, we experimentally elevated the expression of gamma-tubulin in the cell cytoplasm. In most cells, overexpression of gamma-tubulin causes a dramatic reorganization of the cellular microtubule network. Furthermore, we show that when overexpressed, gamma-tubulin causes ectopic nucleation of microtubules which are not associated with the centrosome. In a fraction of cells, gamma-tubulin self-assembles into novel tubular structures with a diameter of approximately 50 nm (named gamma-tubules). Furthermore, unlike microtubules, gamma-tubules are resistant to cold or drug induced depolymerization. These data provide evidence that gamma-tubulin can cause nucleation of microtubule assembly and can self-assemble into novel tubular structures.

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29

Szymański, Marek P., Marcin Grajda, and Agnieszka Szumna. "Amplification of Electronic Circular Dichroism—A Tool to Follow Self-Assembly of Chiral Molecular Capsules." Molecules 26, no. 23 (November 24, 2021): 7100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237100.

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Electronic circular dichroism (ECD) can be used to study various aspects of self-assembly (definition of stoichiometric ratios, chirality amplification during self-assembly, host-guest complexation). In this work, we show that ECD is a valuable tool for monitoring the self-assembly of chiral peptide-based capsules. By analyzing the signs, intensities, and temperature dependences of ECD bands, the effects of the non-specific processes can be separated from the restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM) caused by discrete self-assembly. Analysis of experimental and theoretical ECD spectra show that the differences between assembled and non-assembled species originate from induction of inherently chiral conformation and restriction of conformational freedom that leads to amplification of ECD signals during self-assembly of discrete species.

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30

Jonoska, Nataša, and Nadrian C. Seeman. "Computing by molecular self-assembly." Interface Focus 2, no. 4 (February 8, 2012): 504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2011.0117.

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The paper reviews two computing models by DNA self-assembly whose proof of principal have recently been experimentally confirmed. The first model incorporates DNA nano-devices and triple crossover DNA molecules to algorithmically arrange non-DNA species. This is achieved by simulating a finite-state automaton with output where golden nanoparticles are assembled to read-out the result. In the second model, a complex DNA molecule representing a graph emerges as a solution of a computational problem. This supports the idea that in molecular self-assembly computing, it may be necessary to develop the notion of shape processing besides the classical approach through symbol processing.

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Mehdizadeh Taheri, Sara, Maria Michaelis, Thomas Friedrich, Beate Förster, Markus Drechsler, Florian M. Römer, Peter Bösecke, et al. "Self-assembly of smallest magnetic particles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 47 (November 9, 2015): 14484–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1511443112.

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The assembly of tiny magnetic particles in external magnetic fields is important for many applications ranging from data storage to medical technologies. The development of ever smaller magnetic structures is restricted by a size limit, where the particles are just barely magnetic. For such particles we report the discovery of a kind of solution assembly hitherto unobserved, to our knowledge. The fact that the assembly occurs in solution is very relevant for applications, where magnetic nanoparticles are either solution-processed or are used in liquid biological environments. Induced by an external magnetic field, nanocubes spontaneously assemble into 1D chains, 2D monolayer sheets, and large 3D cuboids with almost perfect internal ordering. The self-assembly of the nanocubes can be elucidated considering the dipole–dipole interaction of small superparamagnetic particles. Complex 3D geometrical arrangements of the nanodipoles are obtained under the assumption that the orientation of magnetization is freely adjustable within the superlattice and tends to minimize the binding energy. On that basis the magnetic moment of the cuboids can be explained.

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FUJITA, Makoto. "Supramolecular Self-Assembly." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 53, no. 5 (1995): 432–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.53.432.

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Cademartiri, Ludovico, and Kyle J. M. Bishop. "Programmable self-assembly." Nature Materials 14, no. 1 (December 17, 2014): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat4184.

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Furst, Eric M. "Directed self-assembly." Soft Matter 9, no. 38 (2013): 9039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3sm90126b.

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Szuromi, P. "Competitive Self-Assembly." Science 332, no. 6028 (April 21, 2011): 398–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.332.6028.398-d.

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Loos, Katja. "Editorial: Self-assembly." Polymer 107 (December 2016): 341–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.090.

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DAGANI, RON. "SELF-ASSEMBLY REQUIRED." Chemical & Engineering News 80, no. 15 (April 15, 2002): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v080n015.p013.

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Depero, Laura E., and M. Lucia Curri. "Inorganic self-assembly." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 8, no. 2 (March 2004): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2004.01.006.

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Gunnlaugsson, Thorfinnur. "Accessible self-assembly." Nature Chemistry 8, no. 1 (December 17, 2015): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2423.

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Curien, Pierre-Louis, Vincent Danos, Jean Krivine, and Min Zhang. "Computational self-assembly." Theoretical Computer Science 404, no. 1-2 (September 2008): 61–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2008.04.014.

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Pàmies, Pep. "Guiding self-assembly." Nature Materials 11, no. 7 (June 21, 2012): 564. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat3374.

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Turberfield, Andrew J. "Geometrical self-assembly." Nature Chemistry 3, no. 8 (July 22, 2011): 580–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1097.

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Jorge, Miguel, and Henry Bock. "Engineering self-assembly." Molecular Simulation 44, no. 6 (February 12, 2018): 433–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08927022.2018.1438136.

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Gillard, Richard E., FrançIsco M. Raymo, and J. Fraser Stoddart. "Controlling Self-Assembly." Chemistry - A European Journal 3, no. 12 (December 1997): 1933–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.19970031208.

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Yagai, Shiki, Takashi Karatsu, and Akihide Kitamura. "Photocontrollable Self-Assembly." Chemistry - A European Journal 11, no. 14 (July 4, 2005): 4054–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200401323.

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Mitsui, Masayoshi, Atsushi Masumori, and Hiroya Tanaka. "Self-Assembly Printer." NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference 30, no. 1 (January 1, 2014): 311–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-4451.2014.30.1.art00076_1.

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Ding, Xiufang, Yue Wang, Sida Zhang, Ruihua Zhang, Dong Chen, Long Chen, Yu Zhang, Shi-Zhong Luo, Jianfu Xu, and Chengxin Pei. "Self-Assembly Nanostructure of Myristoylated ω-Conotoxin MVIIA Increases the Duration of Efficacy and Reduces Side Effects." Marine Drugs 21, no. 4 (April 1, 2023): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md21040229.

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Chronic pain is one of the most prevalent health problems worldwide. An alternative to suppress or alleviate chronic pain is the use of peptide drugs that block N-type Ca2+ channels (Cav2.2), such as ω-conotoxin MVIIA. Nevertheless, the narrow therapeutic window, severe neurological side effects and low stability associated with peptide MVIIA have restricted its widespread use. Fortunately, self-assembly endows the peptide with high stability and multiple functions, which can effectively control its release to prolong its duration of action. Inspired by this, MVIIA was modified with appropriate fatty acid chains to render it amphiphilic and easier to self-assemble. In this paper, an N-terminal myristoylated MVIIA (Myr-MVIIA, medium carbon chain length) was designed and prepared to undergo self-assembly. The present results indicated that Myr-MVIIA can self-assemble into micelles. Self-assembled micelles formed by Myr-MVIIA at higher concentrations than MVIIA can prolong the duration of the analgesic effect and significantly reduce or even eliminate the side effects of tremor and coordinated motor dysfunction in mice.

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SYAFITRI, NIKEN. "Strategi Self-Assembly Paralel pada Swarm Robot." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 7, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v7i1.138.

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ABSTRAKDari banyaknya strategi yang diusulkan untuk proses self-assembly pada swarm robotics, hanya beberapa grup riset berkonsentrasi di bidang ini yang mengusulkan proses paralel pada penggabungan antar robot. Tetapi, strategi ini hanya digunakan ketika sebuah robot memerlukan tumpuan dari dua robot atau lebih pada satu waktu. Berdasar pada kebutuhan untuk menyebarkan ratusan hingga ribuan robot pada satu swarm, strategi penggabungan antar robot satu-demi-satu memerlukan waktu yang sangat lama untuk diselesaikan. Di artikel ini, strategi self-assembly antar robot pada suatu swarm secara paralel diusulkan untuk mengurangi waktu proses self-assembly dengan menempatkan sejumlah robot di posisi tertentu. Saat penggabungan, robot-robot ini akan bergerak menempatkan dirinya sesuai dengan posisi akhir yang ditargetkan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa strategi ini dapat mereduksi waktu proses self-assembly hingga setengah dari waktu yang diperlukan dengan proses penggabungan satu-demi-satu.Kata kunci: swarm robot, self-assembly, proses paralel ABSTRACTDespite the number of strategies proposed for self-assembly process in swarm robotics, only few research groups working in this area have proposed the parallel process of robots assembled each other. However, this strategy only works when a robot needs to be supported by two or more robots in a time. When deploying hundred to thousand robots in a swarm is required, the strategy of robots connecting to the structure of assembled robots in a one-by-one manner requires an extremely long time to accomplish. In this paper, a strategy of parallel selfassembly for robots in a swarm is proposed for reducing the self-assembly process time by placing a number of robots at particular positions. While connecting, they will move to position themselves appropriately to the targeted final structure. Result shows that this strategy can reduce the process of self-assembly time up to half of the time required for one-by-one process.Keywords: swarm robots, self-assembly, parallel process

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Croitoriu, Alexandra, Aurica P. Chiriac, Alina G. Rusu, Alina Ghilan, Diana E. Ciolacu, Iuliana Stoica, and Loredana E. Nita. "Morphological Evaluation of Supramolecular Soft Materials Obtained through Co-Assembly Processes." Gels 9, no. 11 (November 9, 2023): 886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9110886.

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Low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) are compounds with an intrinsic tendency to self-assemble forming various supramolecular architectures via non-covalent interactions. Considering that the development of supramolecular assemblies through the synergy of molecules is not entirely understood at the molecular level, this study introduced a Fmoc-short peptide and four Fmoc-amino acids as building blocks for the self-assembly/co-assembly process. Hence, we investigated the formation of supramolecular gels starting from the molecular aggregation following two triggering approaches: solvent/co-solvent method and pH switch. The complex morphological analysis (POM, AFM, and STEM) offered an insight into the spontaneous formation of well-ordered nanoaggregates. Briefly, POM and AFM images demonstrated that self-assembled gels present various morphologies like dendrimer, spherulite, and vesicle, whereas all co-assembled supramolecular systems exhibit fibrillar morphologies as a result of the interaction between co-partners of each system. STEM study has confirmed that the molecules interact and join together, finally forming a fibrous network, an aspect seen in both self-assembled and co-assembled gels. XRD allowed the determination of the molecular arrangement. The study emphasized that the Fmoc motif protected the amino groups and facilitated gelation through additional π-π interactions.

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Jin, Miaomiao, Zhanxin Song, Wei Liu, Zilu Zhou, Guozhen Wang, and Mo Xian. "Peptide Assembly of Al/CuO Nanothermite for Enhanced Reactivity of Nanoaluminum Particles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 14 (July 21, 2022): 8054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23148054.

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Biological self-assembly procedures, which are generally carried out in an aqueous solution, have been found to be the most promising method for directing the fabrication of diverse nanothermites, including Al/CuO nanothermite. However, the aqueous environment in which Al nanoparticles self-assemble has an impact on their stability. We show that using a peptide to self-assemble Al or CuO nanoparticles considerably improves their durability in phosphate buffer aqueous solution, with Al and CuO nanoparticles remaining intact in aqueous solution for over 2 weeks with minimal changes in the structure. When peptide-assembled Al/CuO nanothermite was compared with a physically mixed sample in phosphate buffer for 30 min, the energy release of the former was higher by 26%. Furthermore, the energy release of peptide-assembled Al/CuO nanocomposite in phosphate buffer showed a 6% reduction by Day 7, while that of the peptide-assembled Al/CuO nanocomposite in ultrapure water was reduced by 75%. Taken together, our study provides an easy method for keeping the thermal activity of Al/CuO nanothermite assembled in aqueous solution.

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