Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Self-aspects'
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Benjamin, Susan. "Aspects of self stratifying coatings." Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360786.
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Yusuf, Afees Olanrewaju. "Behavioural aspects of self-employment dynamics." Thesis, Kingston University, 2014. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/29883/.
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Using data from the British Household Panel Survey, the thesis provides both empirical evidence and theoretical explanations to show the nature, behaviour, and roles of job satisfaction and personality on self-employed entrepreneurship survival. The thesis poses three research questions: Does self-employed job satisfaction adapt? Does job satisfaction predict the likelihood of survival of self-employed businesses after start-ups? Does personality play a role in the survival probability of men and women who manage self-employed enterprises? The first question hypothesises that the initial boost in job satisfaction associated with the transition into self-employment is transitory, dissipating rapidly during the early years of the self-employment venture. Findings suggest that men who become self-employed enjoy a more permanent boost in overall job satisfaction, satisfaction with pay and, to some extent, satisfaction with the nature of the work itself. Women experience a boost in satisfaction with the nature of the work itself and to, a lesser extent, a boost in satisfaction with pay. Both of these effects for women are short-lived, casting doubt on the importance of job satisfaction, work-schedule flexibility, and work-life balance as pull factors into self-employment. The second question re-examines the link between job satisfaction and self-employment survival and argues that the relationship is not necessarily a contemporaneous one. That is, job satisfaction at time t is not necessarily the best predictor of survival/exit at time t, but it is the whole self-employment experience that matters rather than the last reported satisfaction. The results show that job satisfaction does not predict the probability of survival. Rather, the maximum job satisfaction and the peak-end combinations during the self-employment episode are better predictors of survival. The last question draws on the robust measures of personality to forecast the survival chances of men and women-managed enterprises, paying attention to occupational differences. Findings show that, unlike previous studies, different personality traits predict men and women-managed ventures survival chances over time; and that the likelihood of survival overtime of both men and women-managed enterprises by occupational categories is dependent on the different personality traits complementing themselves in different scenarios. The thesis contributes to the existing literature by offering a novel behavioural research perspective into the analysis of self-employment dynamics.
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Tham, M. T. "Some aspects of multivariable self-tuning control." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.354403.
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Akbarnejad, Nesheli Babak. "Rock mechanics aspects of blowout self-containment." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1835.
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Tan, Lor-Wai. "Biochemical aspects of self-incompatibility in Petunia hybrida." Title page, Contents and Summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09at161.pdf.
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Cooney, Rebecca. "Neural aspects of ruminative self-focus in depression /." May be available electronically:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Sorenson, Dianna Lee Spies. "Developmental aspects of pregnancy: Correlates of self-satisfaction." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185080.
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The purpose of this research was to explore and describe the relationships among four concepts within a proposed nursing theory. The research questions which directed the research focus on the relationships among the concepts self-satisfaction, affirmatory communication, pregnancy timing synchrony and physical symptoms in pregnancy; and the combination of variables that best explain self-satisfaction experienced among pregnant women. A descriptive-correlational design was used to address the research questions. Purposive sampling was used to obtain a sample of 210 women who attended prenatal education classes in a Southwestern urban area. The instruments used to measure self-satisfaction in this research were: Index of Well-Being, Self-Esteem Scale," Myself as Mother-SR. Affirmatory communication was measured by the Affirmatory Communication in Pregnancy Instrument and the Personal Resources Questionnaire. Pregnancy timing synchrony was measured by the Pregnancy Timing Instrument. Physical symptomotology was measured by the Physical Symptoms Checklist-SE. Acceptable levels of reliability and validity were obtained for the instruments. The relationships were explored using correlational analysis, canonical correlation, multiple regression, and residual analysis. Positive correlations were found between affirmatory communication (measured with two variables), pregnancy timing synchrony and self-satisfaction. Negative relationships were identified between physical symptoms and self-satisfaction. The canonical correlation between the combined self-satisfaction measures and the combined pregnancy-related experiences measures yielded an Rc of.71 (Rc2 =.50). The largest predictors of self-satisfaction were affirmatory communication and pregnancy timing. Similar, but not parallel results were found when each measure of self-satisfaction was individually utilized as a criterion measure in multiple regression equations. The results indicate that childbearing experiences can be assessed from a life-span developmental perspective which includes an emphasis on developmentally relevant psychological and physical aspects of the pregnancy experience. Although in its infancy, the mid-level theory used to guide this research demonstrates relevance for gaining an understanding about factors that enhance self-satisfaction during pregnancy.
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Connelly, Louise. "Aspects of the self : an analysis of self reflection, self presentation and the experiential self within selected Buddhist blogs." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/6279.
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At the heart of this dissertation is an examination of self reflection, self presentation and the experiential self within three Buddhist blogs: The Buddhist Blog, The American Buddhist and ThinkBuddha.org. Based upon this original research, my thesis contributes to ongoing discussions relating to the self online and to the emerging field of media, religion and culture. A number of other scholars have already investigated how the internet has provided a new platform in which to engage with online religious communities, participate in rituals and develop religious identity. Up to this point, however, the place of Buddhism online has been largely overlooked or limited to purely descriptive analysis. As I argue in chapter one, this thesis provides a more developed examination of Buddhism on the internet. In chapters two and three, I demonstrate how my analysis and definition of three aspects of the self, namely self reflection, self presentation and the experiential self, within selected Buddhist blogs (online diaries) provides an innovative contribution to the developing area of study related to new media and religion. In chapter four, I consider my four central research questions and the interdisciplinary approach used which draws from the fields of anthropology, visual cultural studies, media studies, as well as Buddhist studies. In chapter five I present the Buddhist interpretative framework used for the analysis of the experiential self. This focuses on the conceptual issues of the self in early Buddhism as well as the Buddhist Theravada Abhidhamma framework for the analysis of the self (anatta), the components of the self (khandhas) and the senses and sense spheres (ayatanas and dhatus). Through the three ethnographic case studies (chapters six, seven and eight) I demonstrate how the genre of life writing (blogs) is used as a medium for self reflection, self presentation and the experiential self, thus emphasising the experiential aspect of human existence online. In the conclusion (chapter nine), I consider the continuities and discontinuities between the three blogs, and in doing so I illustrate how the detailed examination of Buddhist blogs provides an insight into different aspects of popular culture, of Buddhism on the internet and how new media is being used in the twenty first century.
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Hanselka, Larry L. (Larry Lynn). "Age/Cohort Differences in Aspects of the Self-System." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279210/.
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Age/cohort differences in several aspects of the self-system were investigated utilizing a sentence completion paradigm. Eighty-eight adults over age sixty and one hundred eight adults under age forty served as subjects. Subjects were asked to complete 30 self-referent sentence stems which were pre-structured to elicit information from the self-system. Responses were subjected to a content analysis utilizing a coding system which contained concepts used by subjects in their self-representations. Contents were coded for dimensions conceptually related to Physical Health, Autonomy, Self-Evaluation, Depression, Spirituality, and Altruism. Frequencies of codings were counted and subjected to statistical analysis for performing age group comparisons.
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Wong, Hor Yan. "Some theoretical aspects of self-incompatibility systems in plants." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249167.
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Gaffney, J. G. "The narcissistic self : psychoanalytic aspects of psychological well being." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.398160.
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Eccles, William. "Tribological aspects of the self-loosening of threaded fasteners." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2010. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/6649/.
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Practically every engineering product with any degree of complexity uses threaded fasteners. Although threaded fasteners are generally considered a mature technology, significant problems exist with their use. This study has investigated a number of issues with the tightening and self-loosening of threaded fasteners. - It was found that upon repeated tightening of electro-zinc plated fastners significant wear of the contact surfaces of the bolt/nut thread and nut face occured. This wear was accompanied by an increase in the friction coefficient causing a reduction in the clamp force provided for an assembly when tightened to a specific torque value. - The self-loosening characteristics of prevailing torque nuts were also investigated. It was found that there was a significant loss of prevailing torque when a fastner self-loosened when compared to the prevailing torque when being deliberately disassembled. The current standard test for prevailing torque nuts on re-use does not reflect this surprising result and leads to a significant over-estimate of the capability of this class of nut to resist self-loosening. This is a contribution to knowledge on this topic. - A further major original finding of this study has been that if an axial load is also acting on a joint which is experiencing transverse slip, prevailing torque nuts can continue to self-loosen leading to their possible detachment from bolts. A number of accidents have been caused by such detachments, but the cause was not understood partly because this detachment could not be reproduced on the standard loosening test. Work reported in this thesis has been found that if an external axial load is acting whilst the joint is experiencing transverse slip, under the approprioate conditions, the loosening process will continue until nut detachment occurs. - A series of tests has been completed in which the forces needed to tighten and loosen threaded fastners were measured whilst the joint was being subjected to transverse slip/vibration. Measurements were made of the frictional resistance forces in the circumfrential direction and the loosening torque acting on a fastner under transverse slip conditions. It was found that the loosening torque range varied between two positive limits rather than between zero and an upper limit as anticipated by the theory. It was also found that the friction coefficient in the circumfrential direction in the threads is greated than that on the nut face bearing surface during conditions of transverse slip.
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Ponglertsakul, Supakchai. "Aspects of self-gravitating solitons and hairy black holes." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13814/.
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This thesis considers two particular systems of gravity coupled to matter: Einstein-non-Abelian-Proca (ENAP) theory with gauge group $SU(2)$ in asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime and Einstein-charged-scalar theory in a cavity. The first part of this thesis is devoted to the ENAP-AdS model. For a purely magnetic gauge field we obtain spherically symmetric solitons and black holes with non-Abelian Proca hair. This is achieved by solving the corresponding field equations numerically. We prove that the equilibrium gauge field must have at least one node. Then we turn to dyons and dyonic black holes which carry both electric and magnetic charge. We show that no non-trivial dyons or dyonic black holes exist in this model. We perturb the equilibrium solutions under linear, spherically symmetric perturbations of the metric and gauge field. We find numerical evidence which reveals that the solitons and hairy black holes are linearly unstable. These hairy black holes violate the generalized no-hair conjecture in the sense that they look identical to the Schwarzschild-AdS metric when observed from infinity. In the second part of this thesis, we investigate a plausible end-point of the charged superradiant instability. We study the Einstein-Maxwell-Klein-Gordon (EMKG) equations with a mirror-like boundary condition. We construct numerical solitons and black holes with charged scalar hair. Then we study the stability of the equilibrium solutions under linear, spherically symmetric perturbations of the metric, electromagnetic and scalar fields. When the mirror is located at the first zero of the static scalar field, we find stable solitons if the mirror radius is sufficiently large. However when the mirror radius is sufficiently small, some solitons are found to be unstable. In the black hole case, we find no evidence of instability when the mirror is located at the first zero of the static scalar field. In contrast, numerical evidence shows that the hairy black holes are unstable if the mirror is located at the second zero of the static scalar field. We conclude that these stable hairy black holes could represent an end-point of the charged superradiant instability.
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Jordaan, Hendrina Jacoba. "Self-esteem, coping and the psychology of infertility." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020055.
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This exploratory-descriptive study, using multiple case studies, investigated the self-esteem, coping and psychology of infertility of a sample of individuals who have received infertility treatment at a privately managed health care unit. Infertility is a complex condition associated with the inability to conceive a child, frequently manifesting itself as a result of various biological factors. A literature review indicated that being on Artificial Reproductive Technology (ART) treatment significantly increases the stress in an individual. In an attempt to gain insight into the way patients undergoing infertility treatment find the strength to complete their treatment cycles, and to endure and overcome the pressures associated therewith, in order to continue their lives – in spite of a negative treatment/pregnancy result, the researcher found it necessary to investigate the self-esteem, coping and the psychology of patients undergoing infertility treatment. An exploratory descriptive research design was used and the participants were chosen by means of a non-probability purposive sampling procedure. The participants were given a package of questionnaires to complete under the supervision of the group facilitator and researcher, prior to, as well as after the intervention. The assessment consisted of a biographical questionnaire and two standardised paper and pencil measures. The participants’ self-esteem was explored using James Battle’s (1981) Culture-Free Self-Esteem Inventory; while the coping resources were explored using Hammer and Marting’s (1988) Coping Resource Inventory (CRI). Although these data were not analysable, due to the small sample size, it was utilised in a qualitative manner to support the findings from the qualitative data. The data were also gathered from the participants via a psychological intervention programme in the format of three focus group sessions. All the qualitative results were analysed, according to Tesch’s model of content analysis. The general finding was that the period of infertility treatment is experienced as both difficult and challenging by individuals, and that there is immense healing in the sharing of one’s narrative with other infertility patients. It also surfaced that selfesteem, especially one’s feelings of worth, is most affected by a diagnosis of infertility, as well as by going through the roller coaster of the emotions associated with the treatment and monthly cycle of infertility. It was evident from the narratives told by the participants that every domain of one’s self-esteem is affected by a diagnosis of infertility, and that the biggest challenge in maintaining a positive selfesteem seemed to be in finding a balance between one’s real self and one’s ideal self. Furthermore, this study found that the challenge related to coping for the participants in this study was to present a coherent life narrative to the ‘world’, despite intense feelings of being misunderstood by others, and being faced with the discourse of infertility, as part of one’s life script. The main coping responses utilized by participants included the re-channelling of one’s focus, using denial, seeking out familial and social support, bargaining with God, and nurturing hope and faith that this journey of infertility is merely just a journey and not a destination, with the destination that of being blessed with a biological child of one’s own.
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Moobola, Roy. "Aspects of initiation and self arrest of fretting fatigue cracks." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266559.
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Page, M. P. A. "Modelling aspects of music perception using self-organizing neural networks." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268308.
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Aude, E. P. L. "Closed-loop identification procedures and aspects of self-tuning control." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377482.
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Vijeh, Nader. "Microprocessor engineering aspects of a self-organizing fuzzy-logic controller." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328485.
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Chamberlin, Christine M. "Workaholism, health, and self-acceptance." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1213153.
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The present study was designed to address the issue of the potential harm of workaholism. It specifically examined the relationships between workaholism, self-acceptance, psychological well-being, and physical symptoms. Furthermore, participants completed a form to rate their perceptions of their parents work behaviors, and thus relationships between perceived parental workaholism, physical symptoms, psychological well-being, and self-acceptance, were also explored.Three hundred forty seven students from a Midwestern university completed a survey measuring the above constructs. Of these 347 surveys, 279 were utilized for analysis. It was hypothesized that students' workaholism would correlate negatively with the students' psychological well-being and self-acceptance, and positively with physical health complaints. It was expected that student workaholics would report less psychological well-being, more physical complaints, and less self-acceptance than nonworkaholic students. Furthermore it was hypothesized that there would be no relationship between perceived parental workaholism and students' workaholism. While it was hypothesized that students who perceive their parents as workaholic would report less psychological well-being and self-acceptance than students with perceived nonworkaholic parents, it was not expected that they would report more physical health complaints.Results supported the majority of the hypotheses. A negative relationship was found between students' workaholism and the students' psychological well-being and self-acceptance, while a positive relationship was found between students' workaholism and physical health complaints. Students in the medium to high risk workaholic group were found to have significantly more physical health complaints, and lower self-acceptance and psychological well-being than students scoring in the low risk workaholic group. Furthermore, students with perceptions of parental workaholism falling within the medium to high risk range, had significantly lower levels of psychological well-being and self-acceptance than parents falling within the low risk range. No differences were expected in these two groups in terms of physical health complaints, however students' with perceptions of parental workaholism in the medium to high risk range had significantly more physical symptoms than students' with lower perceptions of parental workaholism. Furthermore, while no correlation was expected between perceived parental workaholism and student workaholism, a significant positive correlation was found.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Baldwin, Timothy Charles. "Molecular and structural aspects of pollination and self-incompatibility in Antirrhinum." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304884.
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Lloyd, Joanna. "Caring for people with dementia : positive aspects, self-compassion and coping." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2014. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/64371/.
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This thesis explores the experiences of informal carers of people with dementia. Undertaking a caregiving role can have a wide range of implications for the carer from negative outcomes such as increased physical and psychological stress to positive experiences such as a sense of pride or mastery in the role. Through further exploration of these differing experiences, this thesis informs understanding of the caregiving role and suggests new directions for carer support and research. The first paper is a critical review of the qualitative research exploring the positive aspects of caregiving in dementia. After database and manual searches were conducted, fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Carers across the studies consistently described a variety of positive aspects of caregiving. They also highlighted a number of factors that were important in supporting their positive caregiving experiences. Clinical implications relating to the inclusion of positive aspects in the holistic assessment and support of caregivers are discussed. The second paper reports on a quantitative study that explored the relationship between self-compassion, dysfunctional and emotion-focused coping strategies and carer burden. Survey data was collected from 73 informal caregivers of people with dementia. Carers with higher levels of self-compassion reported lower levels of carer burden. The use of less dysfunctional coping strategies was found to mediate this relationship. Emotion-focused coping strategies were not found to be a mediator. Clinically, compassion-based interventions represent a potentially useful intervention for carers. The final paper reflects on the differing contributions of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to research in psychology. The impact of the different methods on participants is considered along with the challenges to conducting diverse research in clinical settings. The scientist-practitioner nature of clinical psychologist role is noted as key in both respectfully representing participants and valuing the use of varied, clinically relevant research.
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Tucker, Molly Salome. "The Role of Self-Criticism in Direct and Indirect Self-Harming Behaviors." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248457/.
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Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a form of direct self-harm that involves willful damage to bodily tissue without suicidal intent; it includes behaviors such as cutting, burning, carving, biting, scraping, and scratching of the skin, as well as hitting and skin and scab picking. Engagement in NSSI has been shown to relate to a host of maladaptive states and outcomes, including depression, anxiety, poor emotion regulation, and suicidal ideation and attempts. Socially sanctioned forms of body modification (e.g. tattoos and piercings) have received less attention as potential self-harm outlets, but have been posited to represent similar physical outlets of emotional pain. Indirect self-harm, in contrast, can include behaviors such as substance abuse, disordered eating, participation in abusive relationships, and sexual risk-taking. Extant literature suggests that self-harm in either form is associated with higher levels of self-criticism than healthy adults endorse. However, few studies have examined self-criticism in each of these self-harming subgroups. Female participants were recruited online using Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Results from the present study indicate that 1) direct self-harming individuals are considerably more self-critical than indirect self-harmers and control subjects, 2) those who engage in multiple forms of self-harm are more self-critical than those engaging in only one form, 3) self-criticism did not significantly predict self-harming behaviors, and 4) there are no significant differences in self-criticism based on developmental trajectory of self-harming behaviors. Additionally, individuals with body modification (e.g. tattoos, piercings) did not exhibit different levels of self-criticism than those without socially sanctioned alterations. Implications, limitations, and future directions for research of this nature are discussed.
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Booth, Nancy Davis 1951. "The relationship between height and self-esteem, and the mediating effects of self-consciousness." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276889.
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This study was designed to investigate the relationship between height and self-esteem, and to examine the mediating effects of self-consciousness. Four hundred and seventy-nine college students, 143 males and 336 females, 75% under the age of 21, were administered The Personal Opinion Survey which consisted of demographic information, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Elkind and Bowen's Imaginary Audience Scale. Findings revealed a nonlinear relationship between height and self-esteem. Further, self-consciousness emerged as a significant mediator of the relationship between height and self-esteem, accounting for the difference in male and female self-esteem scores. Moreover, the influence of self-consciousness on the height and self-esteem relationship was revealed greatest for females.
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Son, Veronica. "The effects of self-talk on self-efficacy, collective efficacy, and performance." University of Western Australia. School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0023.
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The primary purpose of this study was to examine the impact of different types of self-talk (i.e., group-oriented self-talk versus individual-oriented self-talk) upon self-efficacy, collective efficacy, and performance of a dart-throwing task in a group setting. The second object was to examine the interaction individuals' between individualistic or collectivistic orientations and self-talk on their perceptions of self-efficacy and collective efficacy. Participants were 80 university students (age, M = 22.25 years, SD = 4.41). A series of 3 (self-talk intervention levels) X 2 (individualism-collectivism levels) between-groups ANOVAs revealed that both self-efficacy and collective efficacy beliefs were significantly higher in the group-oriented self-talk condition than in the control condition. Consistent with efficacy beliefs, significant differences in performance improvement were found between the group-oriented-self-talk and the control condition. However, no interaction between self-talk and individualism-collectivism was found for self-efficacy or collective efficacy. The results suggest that in interdependent contexts, group-oriented self-talk strategies could be more effective in enhancing participants' confidence in their own abilities, their team's abilities, and performance than individual-oriented self-talk strategies. Limitations and implications for the future study of efficacy beliefs within a group performance setting are discussed.
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Christofides, Rachel. "Aspects of the self in the poetry of W.H. Auden, 1927-1939." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303512.
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Georgiadou, Effrosyni S. "Working memory, aspects of oral production and self-repair behaviour in L2." Thesis, University of Essex, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.654558.
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This study explored the relationship of complex working memory (WM) and phonological short-term memory (PSTM) to aspects of second language (L2) oral production and self-repair behaviour. The study drew on Levelt's (1989; 1983) model of speech and perceptual loop theory of monitoring while the concept of WM was based on Baddeley and Hitch's (1974) multicomponent model of WM. Complex WM refers to the cognitive capacity of simultaneous storage and processing of information while PSTM refers to the capacity of the phonological store. The participants were 84 Emirati female university students learning English in an intensive language program in Abu Dhabi. It was hypothesised that given the limited automaticity of the language building processes in less advanced EFL learners, and thus the dependence of these processes on attentional resources, speakers with higher WM and PSTM scores would perform better in terms of fluency, accuracy, lexical and syntactic complexity in a task with simultaneous online planning. In addition, a relationship of WM with the number and the types of overt self-repairs was anticipated based on the attentional demands of the monitoring processes. Complex WM was measured with a backward digit span test in patticipants' Ll and a listening span test in L2. Phonological STM was measured with a simple word-recall test in L2. Statistical analysis of the data showed a relationship of complex WM with disfluency and general grammatical accuracy, while PSTM correlated significantly with speech rate, general and specific measures of grammatical accuracy as well as lexical variety. Complex WM and PSTM were also found to correlate moderately with overall oral performance scores. No statistically significant results emerged between complex WM, PSTM and number of self-repairs, but there was a significant negative correlation between PSTM and phonological error-repairs. Overall, the findings support that WM contributes to variation in L2 oral production but not overt self-repair behaviour.
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Cassidy, Simon. "Individual differences and learning : learning style, academic control beliefs and student self-evaluation as aspects of self-regulated learning." Thesis, University of Salford, 2009. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26609/.
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The thesis comprises a collection of ten published works in the field of individual differences and student learning in a, mainly, higher education context involving undergraduate student participants. The works revolve primarily around three principal conceptual areas, identified within the field on the grounds of being recognized mediators of learning and achievement - namely, learning style, academic control beliefs and student self-evaluation. Students' perceptions of themselves as learners, and their use of various processes to regulate their learning, have been identified as critical factors in the analyses of academic development and achievement. On the basis of this, the thesis presents a programme of work concerned with establishing a clearer understanding of the conceptualisation, measurement and pedagogical utility of learning style, academic control beliefs, student peer assessment and student self-assessment. It is argued that each of these constructs plays a major role in the development and practice of student self-regulated learning (SRL). SRL theory therefore provides the theoretical context which unifies and integrates the principal research areas addressed in the thesis. Accordingly, learning style, academic control beliefs and student self-evaluation are suggested as key component processes of SRL. The study of SRL is increasingly being identified as highly relevant to both research and practice-based pedagogy (e.g. Baumert et al., 2000; Zimmerman & Schunk, 2001). It is therefore further suggested that the existing conceptual bases of SRL may represent the foundations for the development of a composite theory capable of characterising, and facilitating, translational modelling of much of the work involving individual differences in learning.
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Hays, Richard Roy. "Relationships between literacy level and job-related reading self concept." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/478855.
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This study investigated relationships between literacy level and global self concept. employment status. income level, age. and gender among students enrolled at a vocational technical college. The contribution of a subset of job-related reading self concepts to the multiple correlation was also examined. The study sample consisted of 100 students in Related Education Courses at Indiana Vocational Technical College, Region VI. Muncie. Indiana. Subjects responded to three instruments and a demographic questionnaire. The Literacy Assessment Battery (Sticht. 1982) provided literacy levels, the Tennessee Self Concept Scale (Fitts. 1964) yielded global self concept, and the Hays Job-Related Reading Survey (Hays, 1986) indicated job-related reading self concepts. Piloting of Hays Job-Related Reading Survey Reliability and construct validity were sought using responses from a sample (N = 230) closely comparable to one selected for the study. An analysis revealed four interpretable factors:(a) Positive Employee Self, (b) Perceived Limitations of Self, (c) Perceived Importance of Occupational Literacy, and (d) Perceived Value of Company Notices. Further analysis yielded coefficient alpha reliabilities of r = .69 to r = .86.Results Significant relationships were found between literacy level and the following: (a) Global Self Concept (r .20, p<.04`; (b) Global Self Concept when combined with Perceived Limitations of Self, a factor from the Hays JobRelated Reading Survey (r = .56. p<.000+); and (c) Perceived Limitations of Self alone (r = .56, p<.000+).Conclusions Both Global Self Concept and Perceived Limitations of Self were significantly related to Literacy, both singly and in combination. The "best" (most efficient) predictor of Literacy Level could be gained by Perceived Limitations of Self alone. Additional research with adults is needed to confirm the findings and expand established research at younger ages. Educational suggestions focus on strengthening self concepts and occupational literacy of adults pursuing vocational training. Business should foster occupational literacy self concepts and employer-employee relationships in the workplace. Economic implications involved public and private sector support for long-term occupational literacy and job-related reading self concept programs which may yield more effective, productive employees.
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Chan, Kar-mun. "Self-etching primers and adhesives : aspects of microtensile bond strength, ultrastructure and nanoleakage /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36358022.
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Chan, Kar-mun, and 陳嘉敏. "Self-etching primers and adhesives: aspects of microtensile bond strength, ultrastructure and nanoleakage." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42576374.
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Lane, C. H. "Various aspects of voice self-concept amongst normally hearing and hearing-impaired children." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355926.
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Perl, András. "Multivalent self-assembly at interfaces from fundamental kinetic aspects to applications in nanofabrication /." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2008. http://doc.utwente.nl/60316.
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Koundourakis, Stylianos. "Immigration in the UK economy : some aspects of immigrants' employment and self-employment." Thesis, Kingston University, 2014. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/30601/.
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This thesis is motivated by the over-arching question “what economic contribution do immigrants make to the UK”? The question invites several perspectives from which to answer and the thesis offers a survey of the literature relevant to these, with particular emphasis on empirical studies focussed on the UK economy. There is also a brief historical summary of the contemporary UK experience and policies regarding immigration. Comparative profiles of the UK immigrant and native populations are constructed from primary source data, namely various issues of the Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS). From this contextualising foundation, the thesis moves to examine two particular aspects of immigrants’ economic activity in the UK, using QLFS data as an evidence base. These aspects are a) the change in the average real wages of low-skilled immigrant workers, with native workers as a comparator and b) factors influencing the rate of immigrant entrepreneurship. The empirical investigation of changes in average real wages amongst low-skilled immigrants discovers a noticeable decline relative to the native peer group, particularly for males; proximate causes are identified. The investigation of entrepreneurial activity confirms a number of influential factors noted within the literature and adds to these some significant drivers that have not previously been identified.
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Abdulla, Mahmood Yoosuf. "Aspects of Qur'ānic exegetical concept of 'self' and 'human nature' past and present." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/34058.
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This thesis explores paradigms of the Qur'anic concept of 'self and 'human nature' in the ontological and hermeneutic works of selected contemporary and medieval writers and in the Islamic thought. Among the main themes of the thesis are: (i) the contrast between the humanitarian values projected in the Qur'an and the enigmatic interpretation of the Qur'an which tends to vitiate these values; (ii) the contrast between the respect for human life and human dignity, commensurate with human disposition recognised by Islam, and the radicalised ideology; (iii) the contrast between the code of living devised by Islam at the individual and social levels and the parochial juristic–political outlook. The thesis investigates the distortions concerning the Islamic concepts of Jihad, democracy and tolerance of other faiths. It traces the historic roots of the insurgent groups, evolving into violent extremism, which threatens in modem world the global security through indiscriminate bloodshed and terrorism in the name of Jihad. The treatment of women in Muslim societies has attracted in recent years a barrage of criticism against Islam. This is examined from the exegetical and extra-exegetical sources. The thesis probes into the conflict between the Muslim rationalists and the traditionalists and between the philosophers and the traditionalists on the controversy over emanation and responsibility for human actions. This research is topical in the wake of the 9/11 and 7/7 catastrophes and in the light of the dilemma facing the Muslims in the West. The juristic dictum over the qualification of religio-political leadership of the community and the implementation of the Shari'ah are investigated; and the attitude in the West in fomenting extremism among Muslims is explored. This research, for the first time in a Western University, examines two major Qur'anic exegeses, and correlates these writings to the exceptional, contemporary, burning issues of the day.
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Edmonson, Jimmie R. "Hopelessness, Self-Efficacy, Self-Esteem and Powerlessness in Relation to American Indian Suicide." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5509/.
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The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the independent variables of age, gender, residence, tribal affiliation, and perceived government control over tribal rights and the dependent variables of hopelessness, self-efficacy, and self-esteem. These attitudes are then explored as to their relationship to possible feelings of powerlessness among American Indians. The survey instruments used are the Beck Hopelessness Scale consisting of 20 items (Beck, Weissman, Lester, and Trexler, 1974), (Reproduced by permission of publisher, Psychological Corporation), the Self-Efficacy Scale consisting of 30 items (Sherer, Maddox, Merchandante, Prentice-Dunn, Jacobs, and Rodgers, 1982) (Reproduced by permission of Dr. Ronald W. Rogers), the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale consisting of 10 items (Rosenberg, 1972) (Reproduced by permission of Dr. Florence Rosenberg) and a demographic questionnaire consisting of 6 items. These instruments were administered to 60 American Indians that make up the sample population of 25 respondents from tribal lands (reservation setting) and 35 respondents from an urban setting. Statistical analysis consists of crosstabulations using Chi-Square and t-tests (used to verify Chi-Square) to determine the significance of the relationship of the independent variables to the dependent variables previously mentioned. Fifteen hypotheses (page 10) were tested to explore the relationships between the above independent variables and the dependent variables. Out of the 15 hypotheses that were investigated two were supported. The two hypotheses are hypothesis 10 and 11. Hypothesis 10 states; American Indians who live on a reservation have more hopelessness than those who live in an urban setting. This hypothesis was indicated to be marginal by Chi-Square analysis but when a t-test was conducted it was shown to be significant. Hypothesis 11 states; American Indians in urban residency will have more self-efficacy than reservation residents. While the data provided minimal support for the theory that hopelessness, self-efficacy, and self-esteem have a relationship to feelings of powerlessness and thus suicide in the American Indian population the outcome of the study provides pertinent data for future research.
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Quest, Kathryn. "The Relationship of Receiving Violence and Perceptions of Self and Partner." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc935603/.
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The purpose of the present study was to determine whether there are any differences between college students 1) who have received violence 2) who have received threats of physical violence, and 3) who have not received threats or physical violence from their partners. The study examined ways in which these three groups describe their own and their partners' self-esteem and personality. Significant findings indicate that perceptions of one's self esteem and partner's self esteem are affected by the level of violence received. Surprisingly, those who received threats of violence, for both perceptions of self and partners, had the lowest self esteem. No significant relationship was found between vilence and perceptions of personality. Additional findings suggest that those in violent relationships have lower relationship satisfaction that those who receive threats or no violence at all.
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Vela-Melton, Dorothy Louise. "Self-esteem and blood pressure, cholesterol, thyroxine and leukocytes." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1991. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/460.
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Rossman, Helen C. P. "Self-efficacy in low income insulin dependent diabetics." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1061878.
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A recent study, the Diabetes Complications and Control Trial (DCCT), demonstrated intensive therapy to manage blood glucose levels significantly reduced the incidence of some debilitating complications (DCCT, 1993). Self-care management is an integral part of any diabetic's care. Yet, research has demonstrated as many as 80% of known diabetics are noncompliant to a prescribed regimen.The purpose of this study was to examine self-efficacy in low-income insulin dependent diabetics. The framework for the study was the concept of self-efficacy as developed by Bandura (1977). The instruments used was the Insulin Management Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale (IMDSES), (Hurley, 1990) and a researcher developed Demographics and Diabetes History Questionnaire. Data analysis included correlations between self-efficacy and ethnicity, educational level, years since diagnosis and years of experience with diabetes complications.Permission was received from the clinic administration to conduct this study at Matthew 25 Health and Dental Clinic in Northeast Indiana. This clinic serves the uninsured and the underinsured of the area. Procedures for the protection of human subjects were followed.A convenience sample of 82 ethnically mixed, low income individuals was surveyed. Relationships between total self-efficacy, diet self-efficacy, insulin self-efficacy and self-efficacy and the general ability to care for self were examined. These self-efficacy scales were also examined in relation to ethnicity, education, years of diagnosis and complication experiences. Result indicated Hispanics were significantly lower in insulin self-efficacy than African Americans.Correlations performed demonstrated that education correlated positively with insulin selfefficacy and the number of complications correlated negatively with insulin self-efficacy. Hispanics have a lower mean level of education and a greater number of complications. This could possibly explain why Hispanics have lower insulin self-efficacy than African Americans.The findings of this study evidenced a relationship between insulin self-efficacy, education, and experiences with complications.School of Nursing
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Ker, Mary Virginia 1950. "Self-mutilation and perceptual reactance among juvenile delinquents." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276667.
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Thirty-two juvenile delinquent males were tested for Kinesthetic Figural Aftereffects using the method developed by Petrie in an effort to determine if self-mutilation is more prevalent among kinesthetic reducers than augmenters. The results were in the predicted direction, but failed to reach significance. Verbal measures administered proved unrelated to both KFAE scores and self-mutilation category.
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Ruderman, Cimi Perryl. "The relationship between weight loss and locus of control, possible selves, self-esteem, anxiety and optimism/pessimism." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/779.
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Schempp, Maia. "The relationship between physical self-efficacy and frequency, intensity, type and duration of physical exercise." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1048393.
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The problem of the study was to measure the association between physical self-efficacy, using the Physical Self-Efficacy Scale, and frequency, intensity, time and type of exercise among mid-west college students who participated in regular physical activity.The role of physical self-efficacy on preventative health behaviors has been well established in the literature and is of interest to health educators. This study was designed to measure the strength of association between physical self-efficacy and the specific components of exercise.The sample consisted of Ball State students (n= 412) who completed an Exercise Behavior and Physical Self-Efficacy questionnaire. Multiple regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to measure associations.Levels of physical self-efficacy were most closely correlated with intensity of exercise participation (r2 = 0.15). Duration of exercise sessions was only slightly related (r2 = 0.01) and frequency was not found to be significant. Students who participated in the types of exercises which required the greatest amount of intensity also had the highest self-efficacy scores.Department of Physiology and Health Science
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Shen, Hongwei 1966. "Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of morphological transitions of diblock copolymer self-assemblies in solution." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=36060.
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Aggregate morphologies as a function of apparent pH (PH*) have been studied for PS-b-P4VP diblocks in DMF/H2O. The pH* changes are induced by addition of HCl or NaOH (100 nM to 20 mM). As the pH* increases, the morphology changes from large compound micelles to a mixture of spheres, rods, and vesicles, to spheres, to rods, back to spheres when no acid or base is added, then to rods again, back to spheres again, and finally to a mixture of spheres, rods, lamellae, and vesicles. The interplay of the charge introduction into the corona chains, shielding, and steric-solvation interaction is responsible for the complex behavior. The effect of NaCl on the neutral copolymer and the effect of pH* on a quaternized copolymer are also explored.Thermodynamics of micellization of PS-b-PAA copolymers in DMF/water have been investigated as a function of four variables, i.e. the water content, PS block length, PAA block length, and NaCl concentration. Based on a closed association model, thermodynamic functions (DeltaG, DeltaH, and DeltaS) are estimated.
Morphological phase diagrams, as well as kinetics and mechanisms of the rod to vesicle transition for PS-b-PAA diblocks in dioxane/water have been studied. In the study of morphological phase diagrams, the regions of stability are identified for spheres, spheres and rods, rods only, rods and vesicles or rods and bilayers, vesicles or bilayers alone, and for some copolymers, more complex mixtures. Evidence is presented that spheres, rods, and vesicles represent true equilibrium structures. The influence of the water content and polymer concentration on aggregate morphologies and the effect of fractionation on the phase diagram are discussed. The block length dependence of the phase diagram is also explored. It is found that copolymers with long core-forming blocks favor the formation of vesicles, and that for copolymers with short core-forming blocks, vesicles are favored at high water contents and other bilayers at relatively low water contents. In the kinetic and mechanistic study, two consecutive first order relaxation processes are found. In the first, the rod is flattened and then converts to a lamella, while in the second, the lamella closes to form a vesicle. Two relaxation times are explored in terms of the initial water content, size of the jump in the water content, and polymer concentration.
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Shen, Hongwei. "Thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of morphological transitions of diblock copolymer self-assemblies in solution." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0019/NQ55382.pdf.
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Schmitt, Jean-Marie. "Śaṅkara's soteriological tradition : aspects of the divine from the perspective of the witnessing self." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:dd733c9d-780f-4012-b451-ad5677f1b928.
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This study attempts to show that an appeal to the 'perspective of the witness' is essential to better understand the way Sankara makes sense of the richly diverse Vedanta material. It goes beyond the general understanding that Sankara 'conveniently' arranges such material into the categories of the conventional and the absolute placing texts speaking of the Absolute (Brahman) with properties in the conventional/relative category. It suggests that the fundamental properties associated with a theistic conceptualisation of the Absolute, which all authoritative texts attest to, need not be seen as dogmatic tenets that Sankara has to contend with while expounding his non-dual system of thought. Instead, it argues that they should be regarded as meaningful devices that have for their sole purpose to lead the spiritual seeker to the realization of the absolute unity of being, a result that the Advaita tradition holds as the highest goal of life. Three key conceptions of Brahman are explored: Brahman as the cause of the world, as an entity who is gracious towards his devotees, and as an object of devotion. It is argued that all three can be better understood and appreciated when considered in their proper and larger pedagogical context, whose climax is 'the perspective of the witness.' The first three chapters of this thesis are mainly concerned with epistemological and didactic means that are associated with demonstrating the 'perspective of the witness.' The fourth and fifth chapters evaluate how much help such a standpoint can provide us in our appraisal of these three aspects of the Absolute in the context of Sarikara's writings.
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Song, Jae-Ryong. "Religion, self, and ethics in the postmodern condition : aspects of sociology and lindbeck's theology." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336832.
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Martin, Cherie. "Relatedness and Autonomy Aspects of Self-Concept in 8- to 12-Year-Old Children." DigitalCommons@USU, 1995. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2482.
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The purpose of this study was to look at age-associated changes in relatedness and autonomy in 8- to 12-year-olds. A psychosocial and attachment theory perspective was taken to help explain the integration of relatedness and autonomy issues. The influence of gender, parent involvement, and selected demographic variables was also considered. The sample included 94 children . This excluded those with single fathers or stepmothers. Instruments used were (a) the relatedness, autonomy, and parent involvement portions of the Rochester Assessment Package for Schools (Wellborn & Connell, 1987); (b) an ageappropriate revision of the Eriksonian Psychosocial Stage Inventory (Jones & Anderson, 1992); (c) a revision of Hansburg's (1972) Separation Anxiety Test (SAT) to obtain attachment classification (Resnick, 1994), and (d) the Klagsbrun-Bowlby (1976) method of evaluating responses to separation anxiety from the Separation Anxiety Test. Results of this study indicate that relatedness and autonomy aspects of self-concept can be differentiated and were shown to vary by age and gender. Age-related biosocial shifts in self-concept were found that corresponded to cognitive and social developmental changes in middle childhood. Significant gender differences were found in self-concept and response to separation anxiety as well as in the way that the proposed biosocial shifts were experienced . The attachment classifications obtained by the Resnick Separation Anxiety Test instrument produced theoretically valid results and were relatively stable across age and gender . The Klagsbrun-Bowlby measure of responses to separation anxiety did show significant age and gender differences, indicating t hat these two instruments may be looking at two different aspects of the attachment system. Parental involvement and maternal education showed positive influences on relatedness, autonomy, and psychosocial development scores and their influence varied by gender. Socioeconomic status interacted with gender in its influence on autonomy. The results of this study indicate that middle childhood is an important time in the development of selfconcept. Awareness of the needs of preadolescent children as they begin to form attitudes regarding self and others is valuable in identifying and modifying risk factors for behavior problems
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Kessel, Nicola. "Physical and Chemical Aspects of the Film Formation of Self-Crosslinking Acrylic Latex Coatings." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486089.
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There is a trend in the coatings industry to replace organic solvent-based systems with equivalently-perfonning, environmentally benign products. Waterborne colloidal polymers represent a promising alternative. The development ofmechanical strength and hardness is often enhanced by chemical crosslinking that creates a three dimensional network. If crosslinking occurs prior to particle coalescence, however, the network will not be continuous throughout the film and a weaker product will result. Therefore, an understanding of the relative rates of polymer interdiffusion and crosslinking is imperative. The competition between these two processes in an acrylic latex containing acrylamide functionality utilising the 'keto-hydrazide' crosslinking reaction has been studied. The mechanism and factors influencing the rate of the crosslinking reaction were investigated in a model system, using spectroscopic techniques. The crosslinking reaction was favoured by the loss ofwater during drying and the simultaneous decrease in pH arising from the evaporation of ammonia. The fundamental understanding achieved from the model system was used to explore the phenomenon within a drying latex film. Measurement of the latex pH relative to polymer mass fraction during film fonnation clarified the expected point of onset for crosslinking in relation to particle packing. Gel fraction and swelling measurements were used to probe the temporal evolution of the cross-link density. Crosslinking is expected when the latex particles are close packed, and there is a rapid increase in gel content in a short period. Atomic force microscopy was used to follow surface levelling relative to the competing influence of crosslinking with film ageing. The flattening of latex particles and interdiffusion lead to the blurring of particle/particle interfaces and both were inhibited by crosslinking. The amount of particle defonnability was identified as a key factor in the amount of surfactant exudation. Factors that increase the amount of particle defonnation and coalescence (e.g. higher film fonnation temperature, lower latex Tg, and no crosslinking) promoted surfactant exudation. Surfactant exudation was inhibited when particles were less defonnable and slower to coalesce. A more hydrophilic atmosphere (high humidity) encouraged surfactant segregation at the interface with the film. Exudation to a 'clean surface' was triggered by raising the temperature or by raising the humidity
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Zhou, Yining. "Disappointment as an effect of curiosity and political apathy: modernation of self-efficacy and mediation of media selection." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/172.
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The study adopts Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory as the framework to test antecedents and consequences in using fanqiang (bypassing Internet censorship) as an alternative medium along with accessible Internet, TV, newspaper and radio as mainstream media in a Chinese context. By online between-group experimentation (N = 132 in the experimental group, N = 127 in the control group), the study shows that curiosity about forbidden political content and political apathy predict fanqiang and most accessible media use tendencies. Moderation effects exist between curiosity and self-efficacy in predicting fanqiang tendencies. Disappointment as an emotional effect is directly related to curiosity and political apathy, where the mediation effects of media use tendencies are not salient. Explicit Internet censorship increases curiosity about forbidden political content and decreases the dimension of lack of interest in political apathy. However, it does not change accessible media use tendencies and disappointment levels. Still, participants show fewer of fanqiang tendencies than with accessible media, except radio. The results highlight the cognitive roots of motivations and emotional constructs as a part of gratification in U&G research, that self-efficacy as a necessary requirement for curiosity to drive media use, and that information attributes can change motivations. We urge future scholars to build broader explications of political apathy when applied to different societies, to try diverse methods like experimentation in U&G research, and to adopt a sociopsychological approach when studying the influences and effectiveness of Internet censorship.
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Aboussafy, David 1969. "Stress, coping, self-efficacy and asthma control : clinic, diary and laboratory studies." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35553.
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Asthma has not declined in morbidity and mortality despite significant advances in medical treatment. A literature review was conducted and a program of research was devised with the goal of improving understanding of why many appropriately treated and educated asthmatics are unable to gain adequate control of their asthma. A review of the literature found that psychological stress was a poorly understood trigger for asthmatic symptoms and a possible factor in poor asthma control. A clinic visit study of adult asthmatics found: (1) life event stress was associated with asthma quality of life but not ventilatory function, (2) asthma self-efficacy was strongly related to asthma quality of life and ventilatory function, (3) style of coping with stress appeared to buffer the effects of stress on asthma, and (4) evidence for a stress-responsive asthmatic subgroup. A subsequent longitudinal daily diary study found: (1) concurrent stress and daily asthma symptoms were strongly associated, (2) daily bronchodilator use appeared to be determined by pre-diary beliefs about disease severity and controllability, (3) stress could precede (within one day) increases in asthma symptoms and decreases in airflow, and (4) clinically significant decreases in peak flow were often preceded by large increases in perceived stress. A laboratory study found: (1) exposure of asthmatics to specific passive and asthma-related stressors resulted in decreased airflow and that these decreases are associated with a concurrent increase in vagal (parasympathetic) tone, (2) an active stressor that resulted in increased sympathetic arousal did not result in decreased airflow, (3) relaxation resulted in parasympathetic arousal and decreased airflow, and (4) asthma self-efficacy was associated with parasympathetic reactivity. In sum, the program of research has generated findings that help explain how stress, coping and self-efficacy contribute to asthma control led to concrete suggestions to improve c
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Aoki, Yuko. "The relationship between self-motivation and action control (decision implementation) as dispositional determinants of exercise adherence." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/865960.
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The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between self-motivation and action control (decision implementation) as dispositional determinants of adherence to exercise programs at a worksite setting. Past studies have shown self-motivation to be a good measure of individual difference between those who persist in exercise behavior and those who do not. Theorists have suggested that individuals with a high action orientation are more likely to maintain and enact their intentions than those with a high state orientation. This study attempted to objectively test the theories by determining whether or not "regular" exercisers are more likely to demonstrate a high action control orientation and /or self-motivation than "irregular" exercisers. An attempt was also made to determine whether or not action control might be a stronger exercise adherence predictor than self-motivation.Eighty five hospital employees who were members of the wellness center at Ball Memorial Hospital, completed a demographic questionnaire, the Self-Motivation Inventory, and the Action Control Scale. Correlational analysis data indicated "regular" exercisers were more likely to demonstrate self-motivation than "irregular" exercisers. However, multiple regression analysis indicated that neither action control nor self-motivation accounted for more than 7% of the total variance. Further study is recommended.Institute for Wellness