Relevant bibliographies by topics / Selective predation

Academic literature on the topic 'Selective predation'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Selective predation"

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Bijleveld, A. I., S. Twietmeyer, J. Piechocki, J. A. van Gils, and T. Piersma. "Selective Predation." Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 96, no. 4 (October 2015): 639–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/0012-9623-96.4.639.

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ALAM, SHARIFUL. "RISK OF DISEASE-SELECTIVE PREDATION IN AN INFECTED PREY-PREDATOR SYSTEM." Journal of Biological Systems 17, no. 01 (March 2009): 111–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218339009002703.

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In this paper the mathematical model of disease-selective predation as proposed by Roy and Chattopadhyay10 is considered to identify the true risk of selective predation where the predator can recognize the infected prey and avoids those during predation. Furthermore, the model is modified by adding a discrete time delay in the term involving the gestation of prey by the predator and analyzed both numerically and analytically to review the risk factors.
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Kelley, Patricia H. "Apparent cannibalism by Chesapeake Group naticid gastropods: a predictable result of selective predation." Journal of Paleontology 65, no. 1 (January 1991): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000020229.

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Naticid gastropods of the Chesapeake Group of Maryland, like extant naticids, apparently were cannibalistic. This cannibalism did not result from the absence of bivalve prey or from the ineptitude of the predator, as some previous authors have suggested. Instead, predation on Chesapeake Group naticids was a predictable result of prey selection to maximize energy gain per foraging time.This study examines predation onLunatia heros(530 specimens) andPolinices duplicatus(340 specimens) from the St. Marys Formation of the Chesapeake Group. Predation on naticids displayed the same characteristics as predation on bivalve prey, including selectivity of prey size and drillhole site. The two naticid species were differentially attacked, based on their relative cost-benefit ratios and escape sizes. Cannibalism is not anomalous; it is the expected result of selective predation, and is inhibited primarily by the high mobility of naticid prey.
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Elliott, J. K., and W. C. Leggett. "Influence of temperature on size-dependent predation by a fish (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and a jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) on larval capelin (Mallotus villosus)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 54, no. 12 (December 1, 1997): 2759–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f97-190.

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We compared the size-dependent mortality patterns of newly emerged larval capelin (Mallotus villosus) at three different temperatures (3, 9, and 15°C) when exposed to predation by threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and moon jellyfish (Aurelia aurita). Controlled experiments were conducted in both microcosms (38 L) and mesocosms (3100 L). Some temperature-related trends were evident in experiments with sticklebacks, but not with jellyfish. Sticklebacks fed selectively on smaller capelin larvae at 15°C, were nonselective at 9°C, and fed on larger larvae at 3°C. There was no prey size selection by A. aurita at any of the temperatures examined. Our findings support the view that the direction and magnitude of size-selective predation vary depending on the predator-prey assemblage and environmental conditions examined.
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Post, John R., and Andrew B. Prankevicius. "Size-Selective Mortality in Young-of-the-Year Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens): Evidence from Otolith Microstructure." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 44, no. 11 (November 1, 1987): 1840–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f87-228.

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Large body size and high growth rates can strongly influence the survival of larval and juvenile fish during periods of intense predation pressure. Experimental evidence suggests that piscivorous fish often feed size selectively, but direct field evidence of size-selective mortality and of the effect of rapid growth on the intensity of size-selective mortality is limited. We used the growth record from otolith microstructure to test the hypothesis that young-of-the-year yellow perch (Perca flavescens) that survived their first growing season were the larger and faster growing members of their cohort. Strong size-selective mortality was identified within the first growing season for a slowly growing population. During the same year, a faster growing population showed minimal size-selective mortality. In contrasting the two populations, differences in predator species composition confounded the growth rate size-selectivity relationship, but it was clear that size-selective predation could be intense, favouring the survival of the faster growing individuals within a population.
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Kinoshita, Hikari, Yasuhiro Kamimura, Ken-Ichiro Mizuno, and Jun Shoji. "Night-time predation on post-settlement Japanese black rockfish Sebastes cheni in a macroalgal bed: effect of body length on the predation rate." ICES Journal of Marine Science 71, no. 4 (July 19, 2013): 1022–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fst033.

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Abstract Recent field studies have pointed out that the vulnerability of juvenile fish to predation is higher than anticipated during night-time in vegetated habitats. Effects of abundance, body length, and growth rate on predation were examined in juvenile Japanese black rockfish in 2009–2011 in a macroalgal bed. Juvenile rockfish abundance ranged between 2.5 and 49.0 ind. 100 m–2 and the biomass of potential predators (piscivorous fish >82.5 mm) between 140.0 and 601.3 g 100 m−2. Sebastes inermis was the most dominant predator, compromising more than 50% by wet weight on all sampling days. Comparison of the total length of juveniles surviving (as original population, OP) and that of juveniles ingested (IG) by predators provided the evidence of the size-selective predation on juvenile rockfish on three of seven sampling days. The juvenile predation rate estimated as abundance of IG (N 100 m−2)/(abundance of IG + OP (N 100 m−2)) × 100100 varied between 0.4 and 12.5%. Neither juvenile rockfish abundance nor predator biomass had a significant effect on the juvenile predation rate, whereas the juvenile body length had a significant effect, smaller individuals being more vulnerable to predation. The growth-selective predation was not detected. Macroalgal habitats, although functioning as nurseries during the day, may contribute as feeding grounds for piscivorous fish predators at night leading to enhanced nocturnal predation rates.
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Mace, Marvin M., and Lawrence P. Rozas. "Fish Predation on Juvenile Penaeid Shrimp: Examining Relative Predator Impact and Size-Selective Predation." Estuaries and Coasts 41, no. 7 (May 10, 2018): 2128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12237-018-0409-4.

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Olson, Randal S., David B. Knoester, and Christoph Adami. "Evolution of Swarming Behavior Is Shaped by How Predators Attack." Artificial Life 22, no. 3 (August 2016): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/artl_a_00206.

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Animal grouping behaviors have been widely studied due to their implications for understanding social intelligence, collective cognition, and potential applications in engineering, artificial intelligence, and robotics. An important biological aspect of these studies is discerning which selection pressures favor the evolution of grouping behavior. In the past decade, researchers have begun using evolutionary computation to study the evolutionary effects of these selection pressures in predator-prey models. The selfish herd hypothesis states that concentrated groups arise because prey selfishly attempt to place their conspecifics between themselves and the predator, thus causing an endless cycle of movement toward the center of the group. Using an evolutionary model of a predator-prey system, we show that how predators attack is critical to the evolution of the selfish herd. Following this discovery, we show that density-dependent predation provides an abstraction of Hamilton's original formulation of domains of danger. Finally, we verify that density-dependent predation provides a sufficient selective advantage for prey to evolve the selfish herd in response to predation by coevolving predators. Thus, our work corroborates Hamilton's selfish herd hypothesis in a digital evolutionary model, refines the assumptions of the selfish herd hypothesis, and generalizes the domain of danger concept to density-dependent predation.
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Heurich, Marco, Klara Zeis, Helmut Küchenhoff, Jörg Müller, Elisa Belotti, Luděk Bufka, and Benno Woelfing. "Selective Predation of a Stalking Predator on Ungulate Prey." PLOS ONE 11, no. 8 (August 22, 2016): e0158449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0158449.

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Carter, Mauricio J., Martin I. Lind, Stuart R. Dennis, William Hentley, and Andrew P. Beckerman. "Evolution of a predator-induced, nonlinear reaction norm." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1861 (August 23, 2017): 20170859. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0859.

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Inducible, anti-predator traits are a classic example of phenotypic plasticity. Their evolutionary dynamics depend on their genetic basis, the historical pattern of predation risk that populations have experienced and current selection gradients. When populations experience predators with contrasting hunting strategies and size preferences, theory suggests contrasting micro-evolutionary responses to selection. Daphnia pulex is an ideal species to explore the micro-evolutionary response of anti-predator traits because they face heterogeneous predation regimes, sometimes experiencing only invertebrate midge predators and other times experiencing vertebrate fish and invertebrate midge predators. We explored plausible patterns of adaptive evolution of a predator-induced morphological reaction norm. We combined estimates of selection gradients that characterize the various habitats that D. pulex experiences with detail on the quantitative genetic architecture of inducible morphological defences. Our data reveal a fine scale description of daphnid defensive reaction norms, and a strong covariance between the sensitivity to cues and the maximum response to cues. By analysing the response of the reaction norm to plausible, predator-specific selection gradients, we show how in the context of this covariance, micro-evolution may be more uniform than predicted from size-selective predation theory. Our results show how covariance between the sensitivity to cues and the maximum response to cues for morphological defence can shape the evolutionary trajectory of predator-induced defences in D. pulex .
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Selective predation"

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Lyrsten, Theres. "Predation som selektiv kraft bakom differentiering av populationer av sötvattensgråsugga, Asellus aquaticus." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för fysik, kemi och biologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-63340.

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Predation is a strong dective force on invertebrate prey. Asellus aquaticus differs in pigmentation reed and submerged vegetation habitats in lakes. Light pigmented individuals al vegetation dominated by Chara sp. while dark pigmented individuals dominate in the reeds. These differences have been hypothesized to result from background matching. Predation pressure from fish is belived to be highest in Chara sp., while invertebrate predators are more common in the reeds. In this study I investigatedif predation from perch and damselfly larvae create different se1ection pressure on pigmentation and size of the Asellus, and if selection is affected by the structure of the habitat. The study vas carried out in aquaria in a loboratory. Regarding predation from perch a tendancy to be selective against dark pigmented individuals in Chara substrate was seen. Mortality increased with body size in Asellus, regardless of pigmentation. In the experiment mortality of Asellus decreased with body length. The results illdicate that it is not as important for Asellus to be cryptic in the reeds since it is not exposed to visual predation on the same level as in the Chara sp. where it is preferable to be small and cryptic. In the reed, large individuals are probably favorued since common predators, such as damselfly larvae, are size-limited in their prey choice.
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Fahlman, Johan. "Size selective predation of pike on whitefish : The effects on resource polymorphism in Scandinavian whitefish populations." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-87582.

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The mechanisms behind speciation have been subject of debate for centuries. The presence of resource polymorphism has been discovered to play a significant part in this process, and has been proven to induce phenotypic and genetic divergence. Although resource polymorphism has been intensely studied during the last few decades, there is a gap of information as to why this can be observed in some systems but not in others. Recent studies of European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) in Scandinavian lakes have shown that predation, in this case by Northern pike (Esox lucius), could be the factor that induces resource polymorphism. European whitefish is known to diverge into several ecomorphs in Scandinavian lakes, but only in the presence of pike. Divergence is assumed to be caused by the size selectivity of pike, and the following niche separation and eventually reproductive isolation. In this study, pike prey selectivity was studied in the field through sample fishing using hooks baited with whitefish of different sizes. The hypothesis was that pike prefers smaller prey over larger and mainly hunts in the littoral zone. This should causes smaller whitefish ecomorphs to be prone to predation in the littoral and thus utilize refuge spawning grounds with low predation pressure. However, no pike were caught on whitefish spawning grounds, and fishing at two additional pike rich sites displayed a preference towards medium-sized whitefish (p < 0.05). This indicates a size selectivity, although further and improved studies would be required to answer the question of the pike’s role in resource polymorphism.
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Chilton, Earl Wallace. "Macroinvertebrate communities associated with selected macrophytes in Lake Onalaska : effects of plant type, predation, and selective feeding /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487266691096246.

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Andersson, Magnus. "Selective predation by perch (Perca fluviatilis) on a freshwater isopod, in two macrophyte substrates." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Ekologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-58018.

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Recent studies show that populations of the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus L. can rapidly become locally differentiated when submerged stonewort (Chara spp.) vegetation expands in lakes. In the novel Chara habitat, isopods become lighter pigmented and smaller than in the ancestral reed stands. In this study, I used laboratory experiments to investigate if selective predation by fish could be a possible explanation for these phenotypic changes. Predation from fish is generally considered to be a strong selective force on macroinvertebrate traits. In the first experiment I measured perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) handling time for three size classes of Asellus to see which size of those that would be the most profitable to feed upon. No difference in handling time was detected between prey sizes, hence the largest size would be the most beneficial to feed upon. In a second experiment I let perch feed on a mixture of Asellus phenotypes in aquaria manipulated to mimic the substrates in either the Chara or the reed habitats. Remaining isopods were significantly smaller and lighter pigmented in the fish aquaria than in the controls, showing that the perch preferred to feed on large and dark individuals. In the Chara habitat, selection on isopod pigmentation was according to what could be expected from background matching, but in the reed habitat selection was quite the opposite. These results support the hypothesis that predation from fish is a strong selective force behind the rapid local adaptation seen in Asellus populations in the novel Chara habitat.
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Worischka, Susanne. "Selective predators in complex communities – mechanisms and consequences of benthic fish predation in small temperate streams." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-170972.

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The prey consumption by benthivorous fish predators can have profound top-down effects in stream food webs. To analyse this effects in small temperate stream ecosystems, a long-term field experiment was conducted in two streams in South-eastern Germany, Gauernitzbach and Tännichtgrundbach, from 2004 to 2011. The densities of two small-bodied benthivorous fish species, gudgeon (Gobio gobio) and stone loach (Barbatula barbatula), were manipulated following a Before-After-Control-Impact design. The top predator regime affected the benthic community composition of the streams mainly in pools, whereas the total benthic invertebrate biomass was not affected in any mesohabitat. The present work describes a causal analysis of the observed food web effects using additional field analyses and laboratory experiments, with a special focus on the habitat use and foraging behaviour of the fish as top predators. The probably most important of the analysed mechanisms was mesohabitat-specific predation by the fish. Three 24-h field video surveys combined with benthic invertebrate sampling showed that constraints in habitat use, especially for gudgeon, induced a differential predator-prey habitat overlap which resulted in a higher predation risk for the invertebrate prey in pools than in riffles. Another important mechanism was selective predation of both fish species. Their prey selectivity was largely explained by a small number of prey variables being connected to the partly non-visual foraging mode of these benthic predators. Besides the traits body size and feeding type, long-term mean abundance played a central role, small and highly abundant invertebrates, grazers and sediment feeders being preferred by gudgeon and stone loach. The preference for small and abundant prey taxa (chironomids) exceeded purely opportunistic feeding and probably facilitated resource partitioning between the two fish species having very similar diets. In addition to active selectivity, different predator avoidance strategies of the invertebrates analysed in laboratory experiments explained the passive selectivity of the fish predators for certain prey taxa in the streams. This could be shown for two abundant taxa being consumed by the fish predators in very different quantities, Gammarus pulex and Hydropsyche instabilis. These three mechanisms, although probably interacting with several other factors, could explain a large part of the effects the top-down food web manipulation had on the benthic community, especially the observed high degree of mesohabitat and species specificity. Confirming this, quantitative characteristics of predation food webs, for instance the importance of intraguild predation, differed markedly between pool and riffle mesohabitats. From the results of this study it can be concluded that the benthivorous fish affected benthic community structure mainly by mesohabitat-specific and selective predation. A manipulation of this (native) top predator type therefore will probably have such rather subtle but not catastrophic consequences in ecosystems with a high biotic diversity and a rich natural habitat structure and connectivity.
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Paradis, Anne R. "Theoretical work on the size-selective vulnerability to predation during the early life history stages of fishes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ47501.pdf.

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Park, Sichoon. "The selective use of chlorine to inhibit algal predators and avoid pond crashes for the algae-biodiesel industry." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51867.

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As algae-derived biofuel is a promising renewable energy source, it is well-established that micro-algae have the potential to make a significant contribution to transportation fuel demand. Although it has many advantages including high areal productivity, there are many negative factors. One of these factors is the predation of algae by amoebas, protozoans, ciliates and rotifers, particularly in open pond systems. For example, the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis, is able to eat as much as 12,000 algae cells per hour and can be responsible for an entire pond crash within days. Thus, these higher organisms need to be controlled in order to satisfy large-scale algae crop and biofuel production demand. One method of predation control involves the introduction of a toxic chemical to an algal culture that the predator has a higher sensitivity to with respect to algae. Ideally, predation could be minimized or eliminated without a substantial effect on the algal culture growth. Chlorella kessleri was used as the algal culture and Brachionus calyciflorus as the source of predation. Research was conducted in five stages. First, chlorine dissipation tests were carried out using spring water, distilled water, Bolds Basal Medium (BBM), and three different dry weights of algal suspension in order to analyze the dissipation rate of the residual chlorine. The results showed that chlorine in distilled water and spring water rarely dissipated while chlorine concentration in algal suspension rapidly decreased by a maximum of 90% within the second hour. Second, acute chlorine toxicity tests were conducted in order to find the 24-hr LC50 of B. calyciflorus. The 24-hr LC50 of the test animal was 0.198 mg Cl/L. Third, chlorine toxicity tests were conducted in order to find the LC50 of Chlorella kessleri. The 24-hr LC50 of C. kessleri was 0.321 mg Cl/L. Based on these results, the test animal was more sensitive to chlorine than the test algae; therefore chlorine may be used to avoid algae pond crashes by B. calyciflorus. Fourth, C. kessleri and B. calyciflorus were combined into one test to determine how long it would take to observe an algal culture crash. The result demonstrated that the higher the population of predators in algal suspension, the faster it crashed. Finally, chlorine, C. kessleri, and B. calyciflorus were combined into one test to determine what chlorine concentration and dosing interval was needed to significantly reduce predation without significantly reducing algae growth. The results of the fifth experiment showed that the effective intermittent chlorine concentration was between 0.45 and 0.60 mg Cl/L, and a short interval of chlorine dosing was effective in inhibiting rotifers in algal suspension. Even though the rotifers in algal suspension were inhibited by 0.45 to 0.60 mg Cl/L, algae growth was greatly inhibited by chlorine. In this respect, future work is needed to reduce the effect on algae by chlorine or alternative chemicals.
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Boarman, McKaila J. S. "Trade-offs and Temporal Variation in Predator-Mediated Natural Selection and Sexual Selection on the Wings of the Damselfly Calopteryx splendens." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1491746850419119.

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Worischka, Susanne [Verfasser], Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Berendonk, Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Weitere, and Jürgen [Akademischer Betreuer] Geist. "Selective predators in complex communities – mechanisms and consequences of benthic fish predation in small temperate streams / Susanne Worischka. Gutachter: Thomas Berendonk ; Markus Weitere ; Jürgen Geist. Betreuer: Thomas Berendonk." Dresden : Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073207021/34.

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Petroli, Gustavo Henrique. "Modelagem matemática de predação doença-seletiva." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2017.

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Orientador: Prof. Dr. Norberto Anibal Maidana
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Matemática , 2017.
Doenças infecciosas acometem populações de presas e a escolha predatória de presas suscetíveis pode levá - la à extinção. Propusemos e analisamos um modelo matemático de interação presa - predador, com a população de presas dividida em duas classes: suscetíveis e infectadas. A subpopulação de presas suscetíveis, torna - se infectada por contato direto com a subpopulação de presas infectadas e o predador consome somente as presas suscetíveis. A análise do modelo permitiu estabelecer limiares para a propagação da doença na ausência bem como na presença de predadores, além de condições de existência e estabilidade dos pontos de equilíbrio biológicamente viáveis. Por meio de simulações numéricas determinamos as diferentes características biológicas apresentadas pelo modelo, assim como ilustramos os resultados analíticos.
Infectious diseases affect prey populations and the predatory choice of susceptible preys may lead them to extinction. We propose and analyzed a mathematical model of prey - predator interaction, with prey population divided into two classes: susceptible and infected. The subpopulation of susceptible preys becomes infected by direct contact with the subpopulation of infected preys, and the predator consumes only the susceptible ones. The analysis of the model allowed to establish thresholds for the propagation of the disease in the absence of predators, in the presence of them as well as conditions of existence and stability of biologically viable equilibrium points. Analysing the system by numerical simulations, we determine different biological characteristics presented by the model and illustrate analytical results.
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Books on the topic "Selective predation"

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Gray, Gerard A. Feeding activity, rate of consumption, daily ration & prey selection of major predators in John Day Reservoir: Annual report. Portland, Or: U.S. Dept. of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration, Division of Fish & Wildlife, 1986.

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R, Krebs J., and Davies N. B. 1952-, eds. Behavioural ecology: An evolutionary approach. 3rd ed. Oxford [England]: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1991.

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Significance of selective predation and development of prey protection measures for juvenile salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs: Annual report, February 1992 - February 1993. Portland, Or: prepared for U.S. Dept. of Energy, Bonneville Power Administration, Division of Fish & Wildlife, 1994.

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Biggins, Dean E., and David A. Eads. Evolution, natural history, and conservation of black-footed ferrets. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759805.003.0015.

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Black-footed ferrets were reduced to a remnant population of 10 in 1985 due to diseases (plague, canine distemper), but successful captive breeding and releases have improved the prospects for ferret recovery. Comparisons between black-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats, close relatives that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, allow the following evolutionary speculation. Predation on ferrets and polecats tends to narrow their niches and promote specialization due to requirements for escape habitats. In Asia, that influence is countered by the larger and more diverse area of steppe and alpine meadow habitats for polecats, and by plague which causes large variation in prey abundance. In North America, the selective pressure favoring specialization in ferrets on prairie dog prey and burrows had no strong counter-force before plague invaded. Plague is an immense challenge to black-footed ferret recovery, and several management tools including vaccines and vector control may be necessary to conserve the species.
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Authors, Prima Temp. Aliens Vs. Predator: Natural Selection. Prima Games, 2003.

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Mills, M. G. L., and M. E. J. Mills. Prey selection and the impact of cheetah predation on prey populations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198712145.003.0004.

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Small springbok lambs were killed more frequently than expected and large lambs and subadults in more or less expected proportions. Adults were killed less frequently than expected, although old animals, females in late pregnancy, and males were vulnerable. A similar selection process was observed in steenbok, except medium-sized lambs, not small lambs, were usually killed, and there was no selection for sex. Cheetah predation was found to have an important density-dependent regulatory role on these two species. Analyses of prey preference using Jacob’s index showed that springbok were the most preferred species, although their distribution was limited, and springhares the most important avoided species, despite their prevalence in solitary cheetahs’ kills. Examples of diet flexibility in the cheetah occurred during an eland influx into the study area, when coalition males killed a number of calves, and when an emaciated female took to preying on unpalatable bat-eared foxes.
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Gilpin, Michael E. Group Selection in Predator-Prey Communities. (MPB-9), Volume 9. Princeton University Press, 2020.

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Kilcullen, David. The Dragons and the Snakes. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190265687.001.0001.

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This book applies concepts from evolutionary science and military innovation to explore how state and nonstate adversaries of the Western powers have learned to defeat (or render irrelevant) the model of high-tech, expensive, precision warfare pioneered by the United States in 1991 and globally dominant since. The book begins with a historical overview of the period since the Cold War, framed by CIA Director James Woolsey’s 1993 comment that “we have slain a large dragon” (the Soviet Union) “but now we find ourselves in a jungle filled with a bewildering variety of poisonous snakes, and in many ways the dragon was easier to keep track of.” The book describes the selective pressures acting on adversaries as a result of the evolutionary fitness landscape created by western military dominance. It then explores ideas from social and evolutionary science—including social learning, natural selection, artificial selection, predator effects, and the distinction between concept-led peacetime innovation and wartime coevolution —to explain how adversaries adapt. It presents a series of case studies on nonstate actors (including Al Qaeda, Hezbollah, and Islamic State), Russia, and China, as well as sections on North Korea and Iran. The book concludes by considering how western powers can respond to the increasing ineffectiveness of their military model and examines likely strategic futures.
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Evolutionary Wars: The Battle of Species on Land, at Sea, and in the Air. W.H. Freeman & Company, 1999.

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(Illustrator), Trudy Nicholson, ed. Evolutionary Wars: The Battle of Species on Land, at Sea, and in the Air. W. H. Freeman, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Selective predation"

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Fryxell, John M., and Per Lundberg. "Size-Selective Predation." In Individual Behavior and Community Dynamics, 116–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-4698-0_5.

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Fryxell, John M., and Per Lundberg. "Size-Selective Predation." In Individual Behavior and Community Dynamics, 116–40. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1421-9_5.

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Mondal, Narayan, Sachindra Nath Matia, Animesh Mahata, Subhendu Maji, and Shariful Alam. "Dynamics of Infected Prey–Predator System in Fuzzy Environment with Disease-Selective Predation." In Proceedings of 2nd International Conference on Mathematical Modeling and Computational Science, 379–90. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0182-9_38.

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Van der Veer, Henk W., Tim Ellis, John M. Miller, Leif Pihl, and Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp. "Size-selective predation on juvenile North Sea flatfish and possible implications for recruitment." In Early Life History and Recruitment in Fish Populations, 279–303. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1439-1_10.

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Janicki, Anthony, and John DeCosta. "An analysis of prey selection by Mesocyclops edax." In Intrazooplankton Predation, 133–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2067-5_13.

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Meire, Patrick M. "The Impact of Bird Predation on Marine and Estuarine Bivalve Populations: A Selective Review of Patterns and Underlying Causes." In Bivalve Filter Feeders, 197–243. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78353-1_6.

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Hanazato, Takayuki, Toshio Iwakuma, and Hidetake Hayashi. "Impact of whitefish on an enclosure ecosystem in a shallow eutrophic lake: selective feeding of fish and predation effects on the zooplankton communities." In Biomanipulation Tool for Water Management, 129–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0924-8_11.

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Godin, Jean-Guy J. "Diet Selection Under the Risk of Predation." In Behavioural Mechanisms of Food Selection, 739–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75118-9_36.

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McNamara, John M. "The Starvation-Predation Trade-Off And Some Behavioural and Ecological Consequences." In Behavioural Mechanisms of Food Selection, 39–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75118-9_3.

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Gilliam, James F. "Hunting by the Hunted: Optimal Prey Selection by Foragers under Predation Hazard." In Behavioural Mechanisms of Food Selection, 797–819. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75118-9_38.

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Conference papers on the topic "Selective predation"

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Couvertier, Daniel J., and Philip K. McKinley. "Effects of biased group selection on cooperative predation in digital organisms." In the 13th annual conference companion. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2001858.2001872.

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Borduin, Russell, Karthik Ramaswamy, Ashwin Mohan, Rex Cocroft, and Satish S. Nair. "Modeling the Rapid Transmission of Information Within a Social Group of Insects: Emergent Patterns in the Antipredator Signals." In ASME 2008 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2008-2298.

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The study of group behavior in animals emerging from social interactions among individuals using agent based models has gained momentum in recent years. Although most of the individuals in a group of the treehopper Umbonia crassicornis do not have information about where the predator is, the signaling behavior of the group yields an emergent pattern that provides the defending adult with information about predator presence and location. Offspring signal synchronously to warn a defending parent of a predator attack. We develop a computational model of rapid signaler-receiver interactions in this group-living insect. We test the emergence of informative global patterns by providing interacting juvenile nymphs with limited locally available information with this agent based model. Known parameters such as size of the aggregation and spatial distribution are estimated from experimental recordings. Further, the model investigates the behavioral rules underlying group signaling patterns that reveal the predator’s location. We also show how variation in these behavioral rules can bring about variation in group signals, demonstrating the potential for natural selection to shape these rules.
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Chatterjee, Abheek, Cade Helbig, Richard Malak, and Astrid Layton. "A Comparison of Graph-Theoretic Approaches for Resilient System of Systems Design." In ASME 2022 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2022-89939.

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Abstract System of Systems (SoS) are networked integration of constituent systems that together achieve new capabilities not possible through the operation of any single system. SoS can be found across all aspects of modern life such as power grids, supply chains, and aerospace operations. Their resilience (being able to withstand and recover from disruptions) is a critical attribute whose evaluation is nontrivial and requires detailed disruption models. Engineers rely on heuristics (such as redundancy and localized capacity) for achieving resilience that often result in unacceptable operation costs, erosion of profits, over-consumption of natural resources, or unacceptable levels of waste or emissions. Graph-theoretic approaches provide a potential solution to this challenge as they can evaluate architectural characteristics without needing detailed performance simulations, supporting their use in early-stage SoS architecture selection. However, no consensus exists as to which graph-theoretic metrics are most valuable for SoS design and how they should be included in the design process. In this work, multiple graph-theoretic approaches are analyzed and compared, on a common platform, for their use as design tools for resilient SoS. The metrics Density, Total Degree Heterogeneity, Modularity, Specialized Predator Ratio, Generalization, Vulnerability, and Ecological Fitness are found to be viable options for the development of early stage resilient SoS design tools and operation-specific applications.
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O'Bryne, Claire, Lola Canamero, and John C. Murray. "The importance of the body in affect-modulated action selection: A case study comparing proximal versus distal perception in a prey-predator scenario." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction and Workshops (ACII 2009). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acii.2009.5349596.

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Reports on the topic "Selective predation"

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Dunham, Rex A., Boaz Moav, Thomas Chen, and Benzion Cavari. Expression and Inheritance of Growth Hormone Gene Constructs and Selective Breeding of Transgenic Farmed Fish. United States Department of Agriculture, August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568774.bard.

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Objectives: To accomplish stable expression, inheritance of transgenes and growth improvement in transgenic channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and common carp, Cyprinus carpio, containing growth hormone (GH) genes, develop transgenic fish with all fish constructs, determine the relationships between copy number, expression and growth, determine the combined affect of selective breeding and gene transfer and assess environmental risk of transgenic fish. To develop mechanisms of triploidization for transgenic carp. Results: Performance of transgenic channel catfish was made uniform by selection. Growth of channel catfish and common carp was improved 40-50% more by combining gene transfer of GH genes with selection and crossbreeding than with either selection of crossbreeding. Growth improvement of transgenic catfish was not strongly correlated with copy number and expression levels. Progress was made in producting triploid transgenic common carp. Insertion of salmonid GH gene did not alter reproductive performance in channel catfish. Transgenic channel catfish grew no faster than controls when they had to forage on natural food and transgenic individuals were slightly more vulnerable to predation indicating that fitness of transgenic individuals in natural conditions is less than or equal to non-transgenic channel catfish. Contribution to Agriculture: These experiments are the first to demonstrate that transgenic fish can increase aquaculture production in the aquaculture production in the aquaculture environment. This research also demonstrated that maximum benefit of gene transfer in farmed fish is attained when combined with traditional selective breeding.
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Poe, Thomas P., and Dena M. Gadomski. Significance of Selective Predation and Development of Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs: Annual Report, February 1992-February 1993. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10109595.

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Poe, Thomas P. Significance of Selective Predation and Development of Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs: Annual Progress Report, February 1991-February 1992. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10109606.

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Poe, Thomas P. Significance of Selective Predation and Development of Prey Protection Measures for Juvenile Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake River Reservoirs: Annual Progress Report, February 1993-February 1994. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/161477.

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