Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Selection of contractors'
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Palaneeswaran, Ekambaram. "Contractor selection systems for design-build projects." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22582150.
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Mulcahy, Francis S. "The effectiveness of partnering and source selection in job order contracting." Thesis, Springfield, Va. : Available from National Technical Information Service, 2000. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA403569.
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Okoroh, Michael I. "Knowledge based decision support system for the selection and appointment of sub-contractors for building refurbishment contracts." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1992. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7173.
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This thesis describes the results of research analysing the sub-contractor's risk elements in refurbishment projects. One of the main characteristics of refurbishment projects is that work is usually in small packages and scattered throughout the building making it unprofitable for one contractor to undertake. It is argued that the selection and appointment of the most suitable sub-contractors is very important in refurbishment projects as all other control measures have little effect once a totally unsuitable subcontractor has been appointed. The research methodology involved the extensive collaboration of a retired chief estimator with over thirty years experience in one of Britain's biggest construction firms with extensive knowledge in the management of sub-contractors and several other refurbishment contractors' senior management staff who were involved in choosing subcontractors for their contracts. Knowledge acquisition and representation and the evaluation of expert system shells are extensively reviewed. One of the important features of knowledge based systems is its ability to handle uncertain knowledge. Fuzzy set theory is shown to have certain advantages over other methods of dealing with uncertainty and has been employed in developing this knowledge based system. The research began with an evaluation of sub-contractors' selection and appointment as it is currently performed by refurbishment contractors. This exercise consisted of a wide range of criteria of which information is both qualitative and subjective in an unstructured intuitive manner with considerable reliance on the judgement of the evaluee. Thus, the research focused on a more formalised approach to the subcontractor's appointment. An adaptation of the Repertory Grid knowledge elicitation technique and subsequent grid analysis provides a methodology for organising logically related propositions into a hierarchical structure. A prototype knowledge based decision support system SSARC, for the selection and appointment of the most suitable sub-contractors for refurbishment projects, has been developed. This system represents a contribution in this area of research into refurbishment contracts which has been largely neglected to date.
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Al-Zahrani, Jaman Ibrahem. "The impact of contractors' attributes on construction project success." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-impact-of-contractors-attributes-on-construction-project-success(f68aea61-ab38-45d0-a976-7abb5d2a5546).html.
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The construction industry is one of the most significant industrial contributors to the economy in terms of gross product and employment. As a result, the success of a construction project is a fundamental issue to most governments, users and communities. The thesis addresses the role of the contractor in construction project success as one of the main stakeholders in the project.The research aims to study the impact of contractors’ attributes on project success from a post-construction evaluation perspective to identify what goes right and to recognise the most critical success factors (CSFs) of contractors that greatly impact on project success and link those factors to project success objectives. Initially, a literature review on construction project success was conducted to investigate the success criteria and CSFs of contractors in project success. This was followed by a survey to establish construction professionals’ perceptions of the CSFs of contractors that greatly impact on the success of construction projects.One hundred and sixty-four (164) completed surveys were returned, representing a 32% response rate. The data gathered was analysed using quantitative analysis tools (SPSS). Factor analysis reveals nine underlying clusters perceived to greatly impact the success of projects, namely: (i) health, safety and quality; (ii) past performance; (iii) environment; (iv) management and technical aspects; (v) resource; (vi) organisation; (vii) experience; (viii) size/type of previous projects; and (ix) finance.Four logistic regression and artificial neural network models were developed to predict the most important contractor factors associated with project success. The predictive ability of neural network models outperforms that of logistic models by 47.5% for scheduling model; 34.8% for budget model; 46.2% for quality model; and 46.5% for contractors’ impact model. Assuming that project success is repeatable, these findings provide a clear understanding of contractors’ performance and could potentially enhance existing knowledge of construction project success.
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Mueller, James D. "Process plant contractors in the former Soviet Union and Central/Eastern Europe : identification and analysis of contractor selection criteria." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4138.
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Day, Tiffany M. "Contractor selection process and safety guidelines for Hutchinson Technology Incorporated in Eau Claire, WI." Online version, 1999. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1999/1999dayt.pdf.
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Linares, Jara Mario Ernesto, and Villegas Elizabeth Pomasoncco. "The Optional Regime of the Exemptions of the Administrative Procedures of Selection of Contractors." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118334.
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This article aims to determine the extent for the regimen of administrative procedure of selection, in the framework of the Peruvian Public Procurement Law. In that way, by analyzing the juridical doctrine and the Supervisory Agency of Public Procurement’s pronouncements on the matter, it will be determined that we are facing and optional regime on exemptions.El presente artículo busca determinar el alcance del régimen de exoneraciones de los procedimientos administrativos de selección, en el marco de la normativa de Contrataciones con el Estado en el Perú. En ese sentido, a través del análisis de la doctrina y de los pronunciamientos del Organismo Supervisor de las Contrataciones del Estado, se verificarási es que nos encontramos o no ante un régimen facultativo de exoneraciones.
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Bredell, Marius. "A comparative study of multiple criteria decision making methods for contractor selection." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53232.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: One of the most difficult and more important decisions taken by a client is the selection of the most appropriate contractor. It requires the assessment of various factors, often conflicting, in order to determine the most appropriate contractor and are therefore classified as a problem that can be resolved by using multiple criteria decision making methods. The act of decision making is never an easy one and requires a sound understanding of the requirement, the alternatives and the model used to assess the alternatives in terms of the requirement in order to instil confidence that the most appropriate alternative is selected. The appropriateness of the methods used in contractor evaluation has a vital impact on the cost of the transaction. The three broad categories, or schools of thought, relating to multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) methods are assessed in terms of their applicability to the contractor selection problem within a quasi-government organisation, namely Armscor. Of the three categories, only the methods of the value measurement category were found to be appropriate within the current legislative framework of the Preferential Procurement Act, which seeks to express the performance of an offer as a unique numerical function. The old contractor selection model of direct point allocation on a qualitative scale is shown to be inappropriate, especially in terms of the additive utility assumption of single dimensional units. The proposed new model makes use of the weighted product model that is not restricted by the additive utility assumption as it results in dimensionless analysis of the criteria. The utility functions associated with the quantitative criteria uses curves which are raised to the power of the confidence variable. The arithmetic mean of these variables represents the group’s confidence level associated with each contractor’s offer in the correctness and/or its ability to maintain the stated level of performance. Furthermore, the analytic hierarchy process is used for the assessment of the qualitative criteria. The new model, although not perfect, is an improvement over the old model with regards to the understanding of the requirement as well as the assessment of contractors’ proposals.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die keuse van ‘n kontrakteur is een van die moeilikste besluite wat ‘n kliënt moet neem, dit is egter ook een van die belangrikste besluite wat geneem word. Ten einde die mees geskikte kontrakteur te kies, moet daar ‘n waarde geheg word aan verskeie faktore, menigmaal teenstrydig, wat kontrakteur seleksie klassifiseer as ‘n probleem wat deur middel van meervoudige-kriteria-besluitnemingsmetodes opgelos kan word. Die handeling van besluitneming is nooit ‘n maklike een en vereis deeglike kennis van die behoefte, die alternatiewe, asook die model wat gebruik word om die alternatiewe in terme van die behoefte te waardeer in orde om vertroue in die gekose alternatief te hê. Vir die doeleindes van hierdie studie is die drie kategorieë van meervoudige-kriteria-besluitnemingsmetodes vergelyk in terme van hul toepaslikheid op die voorafgenoemde probleem binne ‘n Semi-Staatsinstelling, naamlik Krygkor, met die oogmerk om die beste metode te identifiseer. Slegs die metodes vervat in die waarde-meting kategorie is geskik binne die Wet op die Raamwerk vir Voorkeurverkrygingsbeleid wat die evaluasie van ‘n aanbod uitdruk as ‘n unieke numeriese funksie. Uit die studie blyk dit dat die vorige kontrakteur seleksie model van direkte punt allokasie op ‘n kwalitatiewe skaal onvanpas is, veral in terme van die sommerings-nutfunksie aanname van enkel dimensionele eenhede. Die model wat eerder aanbeveel word, maak gebruik van die geweegde-produk-model wat nie beperk word deur die bogenoemde aanname nie, aangesien dit dimensielose analise tot gevolg het. Nutfunksies wat geassosieër word met kwantitatiewe kriteria, word voorgestel deur kurwes wat tot die mag van die vertrouensvlak-veranderlike gehef word. Die rekenkundige gemiddelde van hierdie veranderlike verteenwoordig die groep se vertrouensvlak met betrekking tot elke kontrakteur se akkuraatheid en vermoeë om die gespesifiseerde vlak van werkverrigting te handhaaf. Die kwalitatiewe kriteria word beoordeel deur gebruik te maak van die analitiese hiërargie proses. Die gevolgtrekking wat uiteindelik gemaak word is dat die nuwe model, alhoewel nie foutloos, tog ‘n verbetering is op die vorige model, veral met betrekking tot die insig wat verkry word deur die ontleding van die kontrakteurs se voorstelle in terme van die bepaalde behoefte wat bevredig moet word, ten einde die beste keuse uit te oefen.
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Barreiro, Lima J. "Methodology for demand-supply selection of commercial off-the-shelf software-based systems : contextual approach of leading contractors in Portugal." Thesis, University of Salford, 2008. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/2098/.
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This research study aims to contribute to the discussion around Information Systems, more precisely on Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) software Based Systems, as a Business Process and as a Supply-Chain enabler tool, within the construction industry in Portugal. Concerned with efficiency improvement of management theory in the construction arena, central discussions of this study are about developing a methodology for demand-supply selection of COTS-Based Systems for leading contractors in Portugal and analysing market offerings of COTS-Based Systems covering Operations Management functional needs of leading contractors in Portugal. Demand-side and supply-side research is undertaken, eliciting contractors’ needs and analysing market offerings of COTS-Based Systems at Operations Management-level from a functional perspective. A multicompany informing case study approach contributes to a better understanding of COTS-Based Systems selection practice, within the demand-supply context of leading contractors in Portugal. Several other appropriate research methods and techniques are employed to collect rich field data. A specific Demand-Supply Selection (DSS) Methodology of COTS-Based Systems is developed, based on methods and techniques in use by practitioners and on review of literature, considering context/stakeholders interaction of leading contractors in Portugal. A systematised list of functional high-level requirements for COTS-Based Systems evaluation is obtained to produce a comprehensive Requirements Reference (RR) Model, so that the effort to elicit the (functional) needs of leading contractors’ Operations Management through further development of requirements models from scratch is reduced. A benchmarking report of leading contractors systems in use and a demand-supply cross analysis delivered on a COTS-Based Systems Market Offerings (MO) Report, answers the question about 'which are the actual market offerings of COTS-Based Systems supporting Operations Management functional needs of leading contractors in Portugal'. Based on these three perspectives, the research study aims to provide an original contribution to knowledge, developing a comprehensive study covering supply and demand viewpoints. In this respect, the direct and practical purpose of this study is to facilitate the planning phase at the beginning of a project and offer comprehensive information to construction industry players (e.g. consultants, COTS-Based Systems providers) that could lead to better products (e.g. changes in functions of COTS-Based Systems) and services (e.g. Requirements Engineering services, COTS-Based Systems selection services) for leading contractors in Portugal.
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Hagmann, Krista Ann. "An evaluation of the Navy's Red Yellow Green program and how this program is intended to improve the selection of quality contractors." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/27035.
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Lippard, Cameron D. "Building Inequality: A Case Study of White, Black, and Latino Contractors in the Atlanta Construction Industry." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07172006-231523/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Charles A. Gallagher, committee chair; Robert Adelman, Charles L. Jaret, committee members. Electronic text (355 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed July 26, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 335-350).
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Hatush, Z. A. "Contractor selection using the multiattribute utility theory." Thesis, University of Salford, 1996. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14813/.
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Literature and past research suggests that one of the reasons for the poor performance of the construction industry is due to the inappropriateness of the awarded contractor. In order to ensure a successful completion of a project, a comprehensive and careful assessment of contractors data in a prequalification stage is required. Appointing an appropriate contractor to carry out the construction work, therefore, becomes one of the most important tasks to ensure the success of a project. In this thesis the author has made a preliminary survey to investigate the bidding process currently used in the construction industry through literature survey, extensive interviews with the construction professionals and an industry wide questionnaire. The investigation has focused on the procedures of prequalification and bids evaluation, it also covers the list of criteria considered for selecting contractors in prequalification and bid evaluation stages. The thesis investigated the perceived relationship between contractor selection criteria (CSC) currently in use and predominant project success factors (PSF) in terms of time, cost and quality involving a sample of experienced construction professionals. This research is based on the premise that selection should concentrate on determining contractor potential for achieving project goals in terms of time, cost and quality. The study presented a quantitative technique to combine the contractor data in terms of these goals. The study also presented an evaluation strategy that involves the consideration both of the client goals as ends and contractor data as the means, the strategy based on the rnultiattribute utility theory for the frnal selection or rank ordering of the contractors. The selection is ultimately based on the preferences and the attitude of the decision maker toward risk. A real case study was used to validate the proposed methodology for contractor prequalification. The benefit of this work is that it provides a means using the PERT methodology to incorporate uncertainty andlor imprecision associated with the assessment of contractors data, this all in terms of the ultimate project success factors of time, cost, and quality. The utility technique proposed should help clients in selecting contractors and the contractors themselves for selecting sub-contractors in offering a means of broadening their analysis of tenderers beyond that of simply relying on tender values. It also alerts contractors to the importance of increasing their ability to satisfy the needs of the clients in terms of their ultimate project goals.
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Stevenson, Colin. "An evaluation of the available methods of selecting a contractor, in order to satisfy the client's objectives, with a view to offering a systematic approach to which method should be adopted." Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28247.
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Although the client's objectives of balancing cost, time and performance have not changed, the complexity of the design and construction of modern buildings today requires a thorough understanding of the factors affecting these objectives if they are to be accomplished. This study therefore begins by analysing the client's objectives to establish the factors affecting each objective and to determine the inter-relationship and possible conflict between these factors. The principal types of contracts and methods of selecting a contractor are then identified. The methods of selecting a contractor are then evaluated according to these factors and their effects on the client's objectives are established. This evaluation is then used as the basis for recommending a procedure to choose which method should be used to select a contractor, in order to accomplish the client's objectives, under differing circumstances.
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Marino, Thomas R. "Corps SAM : down selection to one contractor vs. competition /." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1995. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA306435.
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Tao, Lijuan, and 陶麗娟. "Decision support for contractor selection: incorporating 'consolidated past performance information'." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43572273.
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Tao, Lijuan. "Decision support for contractor selection incorporating 'consolidated past performance information' /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43572273.
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Maw, James William. "Self-enforcing contracts, adverse selection and labour markets." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386601.
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Frielingsdorf, Klaus. "Contractor evaluation and selection for projects using the analytic hierarchy process." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52747.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Changes in the global salt market have presented Walvis Bay Salt Refiners with an opportunity to increase its current sales by approximately 40%. Following several pre-feasibility studies, the expansion project plan was created. The construction of new ponds, canals and sluices were to be performed by a subcontractor as selected through a tender process. The scope of the work comprised approximately 70% of the total project cost and it also represented the most critical part of the expansion project. Thomas Saaty’s Analytic Hierarchy Process, was used as a group decision support system for the selection of the most suitable subcontractor. The weighted average mean method was used to aggregate individual scores. A sensitivity analysis was performed following the final outcome to gain a deeper understanding of the problem, obtain a measure of margin between subcontractor scores and to check for the correctness of numbers.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Veranderinge in die wêreld soutmark het vir Walvis Bay Salt Refiners 'n geleentheid gebied om sy verkope met ʼn beraamde 40% te verhoog. Na verskeie voorondersoeke is 'n volledige projekplan opgestel. Die vervaardiging van damwalle, kanale en sluise sou deur 'n kontrakteur gedoen word wat deur ʼn tenderprosedure gekeur sou word. Die omvang van hierdie gedeelte van die uitbreidingsprojek verteenwoordig ongeveer 70% van die totale projekkostes en is terselfdelyk die mees sensitiewe gedeelte van die projek. Thomas Saaty se Analytic Hierarchy Process is gebruik as die groepbesluitnemingsondersteuningstelsel om die mees geskikte kontrakteur te kies. Die geweegde gemiddelde is gebruik om die individuele oordele saam te voeg. Sensitiwiteits analise is uitgevoer nadat die finale uitslag bepaal is om sodoende beter insig in die probleem te ontwikkel, om ʼn beter onderskeiding tussen die kontrakteur puntetellings te kry en om die juistheid van die syfers na te gaan.
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Moustafa, Ibrahim Mahmoud Mahdi. "A decision support system for the selection of the optimum contractor." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390751.
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Sancho, Calderón Diego. "Selection of contract type in construction contracts: Lump-Sum, Target-cost and Cost-plus contracts." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för industriell ekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-14823.
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The construction contract is a document which governs the business relationship of Contractor and Employer for the duration of a construction project. However, the selection of the contract type for the project tends to be performed too shallowly. The present thesis aims to analyse how the contract type is chosen among the three paradigmatic contracts considered here: lump-sum contracts, target-cost contracts and cost-plus contracts. The basis of the study is a case study performed on Project X, a large mine construction project in Western Europe. The relevant literature to the subject was reviewed, mainly the principal-agent theory, literature on risk allocation and on contract selection. After identifying several factors which may influence the contract selection in the literature and in a preliminary interview, a survey was conducted to assess their relative influence in general and in particular for the Project X. The survey was responded by a small sample of highly qualified and experienced managers. and was complemented with in-depth interviews with the majority of them. Some research on the project and on contract documents of the NEC standard contract was also performed in order to provide a context of the characteristics of Project X. The findings of the three sources made it possible to confirm the influence on the selection of the contract type of many of the factors proposed. It was possible to shortlist a small number of factors which influenced the most the selection of the contract type for Project X. These were the preferred risk allocation by the parties, the ability to adapt the contract to scope changes, the knowledge of each contract type by the contracting parties, the improvement of the project delivery by the contract type and the aim to enhance cooperation between the parties. Factors not present in previous research were also discovered, such as the different financial costs of the contract types and the requirement of financial information by the funders of the parties. The very different opinions of the respondents to the survey and interviews regarding the selection of the contract type confirm that the parties should consider in more detail that complex process, because by now the parties are not really sure why they are choosing a certain contract type. Further research should be performed in the future to analyse the factors which influenced the contract type selection in other projects. The projects could also be analysed during their whole duration. Other contract types or variants of the three contract types studied in this thesis could also be added to the analysis.
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Coffin, Mark Anthony. "R & D project selection and scheduling." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-165610/.
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Abu-Shabeen, Nadine Nabeel. "Development of multi-criteria decision analysis models for bidding and contractor selection." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2008. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/3746.
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Estimating and bidding a job is one of those essential processes at the heart of a contractor's business. Risk and uncertainty are major considerations in bidding decisions for construction projects. Numerous factors need to be taken into account when making bidding decisions which make them multi-criteria decisions. The present study focuses on developing multi-criteria decision making models to assist in bidding decisions. The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), which is a multi-criteria decision making tool, is used to quantify risk encountered in bidding decisions. The AHP has been employed to model both the bid/no bid and mark-up decisions. The data required for this study was collected from thirty firms operating in Gaza Strip by way of a written structured questionnaire. The data was analysed using the Criterium Decision Plus Software based on the AHP. Ten factors were selected to affect bid/no bid decisions while eleven factors were chosen to influence mark-up decision. Results from the questionnaire survey supported previous studies that profit is not the most important factor in making bid/no bid and mark-up decisions. The results also indicate that the most important factors when making the bid/no bid decision are: the 'need for work' followed by the 'company strength in industry' and 'payment methods'. For the mark-up decision, the 'need for work', 'owner/client and consultant identity' and 'project size' are the most important factors. A real life case study was used to demonstrate the application of the two models. Twelve meetings were conducted with a contractor working in Gaza Strip construction industry in order to gather the required data for the validation. The case study consisted of three different projects, road works, electromechanical and building projects, and the contractor had to make a decision on which projects to bid for and then which of them will result in a higher mark-up. The validity of the two models was confirmed by applying a two-stage Linear Programming (LP) approach to the data obtained from the case study. The results from the LP approach agreed with the outcome from the AHP. The developed AHP models can be easily used by the contractors to assist in making bid/no bid and mark-up decisions. This study investigates the Fuzzy Sets Theory, which is a mathematical approach used to characterise and quantify uncertainty, as a bidding strategy. This study summarises the work that has been done to-date reviewing the fundamental concepts and applications of the Fuzzy Sets Theory in construction. Fuzzy Sets Theory was found to be used widely in construction research but most studies were found theoretical. The research also examines the challenges of using the reverse auction as an open bidding process. In construction industry, reverse auction is one such technique that uses secured Internet technology for tendering process. Advantages of on-line bidding include: the ability to submit more than one bid, time benefits, increasing competitiveness among contractors and attracting unknown bidders. The main drawback of reverse auctions is that the award of the product/service will be based on the price rather than on the quality of the product or service. Furthermore, security and legal issues need further considerations when forming e-contracts for the procurement of construction services. Selecting a suitable contractor to execute a particular project is an important decision for the client to take. Awarding construction contracts based on the price only is not always a successful strategy for contractor selection as it could result in construction delays and cost overruns. In addition to price, factors such as quality and safety need to be taken into account when making the contractor selection decision. In this study, two methods for contractor selection were compared: the points method and the Analytical Hierarchy Process. The two methods were applied to a real life case study for contractor selection. Financial and Quality factors were considered to affect the contractor selection decision. Both methods resulted in selecting the same contractor for executing the project under consderation. The Analytical Hierarchy process provides a flexible and computer based method for contractor selection decision.
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Wang, Hexin. "Analysis and selection of supply chain contracts : a supplier's perspective." Thesis, University of Salford, 2005. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26958/.
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A supply contract, which achieves the optimal performance for the buyer or the supply chain as a whole, does not necessarily maximize the supplier’s expected profit. Therefore, it is important to understand the impacts of supply contracts and their differences from a supplier’s perspective, which is the aim of this thesis. This thesis considers six types of supply contracts, namely, Returns Policy, Quantity Discount, Channel Rebate, Backup Agreement, Quantity Flexibility, and Quantity Commitment, in a supply chain of seasonal goods with a single selling season with a retailer and a supplier. Each contract is modelled in the framework of the interaction between the retailer’s and the supplier’s decisions. The contract parameters are optimized to maximise the supplier’s expected profit with consideration of retailer’s acceptance. Furthermore, the impacts of the demand pattern and cost structure on the performance of each contract are investigated. These contracts are then compared with each other and the best contracts are identified for various situations. In order to facilitate the supply contract selection in practice, a rule-based decision support system has been developed using Visual Basic, for user interfaces and MATLAB for the optimization engine. The rule base embodies the outcome of the comparison of supply contracts, and therefore is able to direct the system to select the best supply contract for a particular situation.
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Alamedine, Dima. "Selection of EHG parameter characteristics for the classification of uterine contractions." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2201/document.
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Un des marqueurs biophysique le plus prometteur pour la détection des accouchements prématurés (AP) est l'activité électrique de l'utérus, enregistrée sur l’abdomen des femmes enceintes, l’électrohystérogramme (EHG). Plusieurs outils de traitement du signal (linéaires, non linéaires) ont déjà été utilisés pour l'analyse de l'excitabilité et de la propagation de l’EHG, afin de différencier les contractions de grossesse, qui sont inefficaces, des contractions efficaces d’accouchement, qui pourraient provoquer un AP. Dans ces études nombreuses, les paramètres sont calculés sur des bases de données de signaux différentes, obtenus avec des protocoles d'enregistrement différents. Il est donc difficile de comparer les résultats afin de choisir les «meilleurs» paramètres pour la détection de l’AP. En outre, ce grand nombre de paramètres augmente la complexité de calcul dans un but de diagnostic. Par conséquent, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est de tester, sur une population de femmes donnée, quels outils de traitement du signal EHG permettent une discrimination entre les deux types de contractions (grossesse/accouchement). Dans ce but plusieurs méthodes de sélection de paramètres sont testées afin de sélectionner les paramètres les plus discriminants. La première méthode, développée dans cette thèse, est basée sur la mesure de la distance entre les histogrammes des paramètres pour les différentes classes (grossesse et accouchement) en utilisant la méthode « Jeffrey divergence (JD)». Les autres sont des méthodes de fouille de données existantes issues de la littérature. Les EHG ont été enregistrés en utilisant un système multivoies posé sur l'abdomen de la femme enceinte, pour l'enregistrement simultané de 16 voies d'EHG. Une approche monovariée (caractérisation d’une seule voie) et bivariée (couplage entre deux voies) sont utilisées dans notre travail. Utiliser toutes les voies, analyse monovariée, ou toutes les combinaisons de voies, analyse bivariée, conduit à une grande dimension des paramètres. Par conséquent, un autre objectif de notre thèse est la sélection des voies, ou des combinaisons de voies, qui fournissent l'information la plus utile pour distinguer entre les contractions de grossesse et d’accouchement. Cette étape de sélection de voie est suivie par la sélection des paramètres, sur les voies ou les combinaisons de voies sélectionnées. De plus, nous avons développé cette approche en utilisant des signaux monopolaires et bipolaires.Les résultats de ce travail nous permettent de mettre en évidence, lors du traitement de l’EHG, les paramètres et les voies qui donnent la meilleure discrimination entre les contractions de grossesse et celles d’accouchement. Ces résultats pourront ensuite être utilisés pour la détection des menaces d’accouchement prématuréOne of the most promising biophysical markers of preterm labor is the electrical activity of the uterus, picked up on woman’s abdomen, the electrohysterogram (EHG). Several processing tools of the EHG signal (linear, nonlinear), allow the analysis of both excitability and propagation of the uterine electrical activity in order to differentiate between pregnancy contractions, which are ineffective, from labor effective contractions that might cause preterm birth. Therefore, on these multiple studies, the parameters being computed from different signal databases, obtained with different recording protocols, it is sometimes difficult to compare their results in order to choose the “best” parameter for preterm labor detection. Additionally, this large number of parameters increases the computational complexity for diagnostic purpose. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis is to select, among all the features of interest extracted from multiple studies, the most pertinent feature subsets in order to discriminate, on a given population, pregnancy and labor contractions. For this purpose, several methods for feature selection are tested. The first one, developed in this work, is based on the measurement of the Jeffrey divergence (JD) distance between the histograms of the parameters of the 2 classes, pregnancy and labor. The other are “Filter” and “Wrapper” Data Mining methods, extracted from the literature. In our work monovariate (in one given EHG channel) and bivariate analysis (propagation of EHG by measuring the coupling between channels) are used. The EHG signals are recorded using a multichannel system positioned on the woman’s abdomen for the simultaneous recording of 16 channels of EHG. Using all channels, for the monovariate, or all combinations of channels for the bivariate analysis, leads to a large dimension of parameters for each contraction. Therefore, another objective of our thesis is the selection of the best channels, for the monovariate, or best channel combinations, for the bivariate analysis, that provide the most useful information to discriminate between pregnancy and labor classes. This channel selection step is then followed by the feature selection for the channels or channel combinations selected. Additionally, we tested all our work using monopolar and bipolar signals.The results of this thesis permits us to evidence, when processing the EHG, which channels and features can be used with the best chance of success as inputs of a diagnosis system for discrimination between pregnancy and labor contractions. This could be further used for preterm labor diagnosis
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Al-Otaibi, Mohammed. "Evaluation of contractor performance for pre-selection in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2011. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/9210.
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The construction industry in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) is experiencing rapid development and sharp expansion due to recent changes in socio-economic development policies. The performance of construction contractors is an essential and critical part of project success; however, there is a lack of skilled manpower and lack of experience in managing major projects within KSA. Appropriate tools to evaluate, measure and monitor construction contractor performance are also required. As a result of the changes in the KSA construction market needs, the nature of the competition, the cost of failing public construction projects and the importance of the quality of product in the final project, awareness of the need to select an appropriate though effective contractor performance selection framework has been highlighted. This doctoral research project analyzes and evaluates current techniques for monitoring contractor performance, and identifies the most appropriate techniques that could be adopted in KSA. This was achieved by performing critical analyses of literature and conducting preliminary interviews with practitioners in KSA. The main outcome of the literature review and preliminary interviews was used to articulate a number of questions which were subsequently posed in a questionnaire and in interviews with a number of Saudi professionals working within the public sector. The findings of this initial research have been used to establish a novel framework to help in measuring contractor performance prior to selection. The framework was tested through focus group workshops resulting in positive feedback and some alterations. The main findings of the study include the lack of an appropriate construction contractor performance evaluation framework in SA, and the identification and exploration of criteria and sub-criteria for a selection framework. The research provides recommendations for best practices in the construction industry, as well as for further research in the field.
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Marsh, Kenneth D. "An analysis of source selection procedures for engineering support services contracts." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/25681.
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VALERIANO, ALLAN ALVES. "A MECHANISM OF COMPONENT SELECTION WITH THE NOTION OF RECONFIGURATION CONTRACTS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2011. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=18476@1.
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CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOA computação móvel cria a necessidade de que as aplicações sejam adaptáveis de acordo com o contexto do usuário. Demandas específicas do usuário, assim como alterações no contexto computacional requerem que aplicações móveis clientes devam ser capazes de se adaptar dinamicamente para se adequar ao novo cenário de execução. Estas adaptações precisam ser apropriadas e devem manter a qualidade de serviço evitando falhas ou degradação do desempenho da aplicação. Este trabalho propõe uma extensão do middleware de componentes Kaluana, que provê um mecanismo de seleção de componentes para aplicações adaptáveis a partir de contratos de reconfiguração. Esta seleção é feita com a noção de equivalência entre suas as interfaces públicas e considera as restrições de execução dos componentes candidatos a serem usados na adaptação de acordo com o contexto computacional do dispositivo para a avaliação dos componentes candidatos a instanciação. Esta seleção visa manter a compatibilidade dos novos componentes com os componentes já implantados bem como com o contexto de execução, ou seja, o estado corrente dos recursos no dispositivo. Com a noção de equivalência entre as interfaces de especificação de componentes, a aplicação tem a possibilidade de selecionar componentes através da interface do serviço requisitado sem a necessidade de conhecer seu nome ou alguma característica específica, evitando assim que uma amarração seja criada com uma determinada implementação.
Mobile computing creates the need for applications to be adaptable according to the user s context. Specific user demands as well as changes in the computational context the mobile applications require clients to be able to adapt dynamically to suit the new scenario of execution. These adjustments should be appropriate and should maintain the quality of service avoiding failures or preventing degradation of application performance. This thesis proposes an extension of Kaluana middleware which provides a mechanism for selection of components for adaptive applications based on the notion of reconfigurations contracts. This selection is done also based on the notion of equivalence between their public interfaces and should consider the execution restrictions of the candidate components to be used in the adaptation in accord to the device s execution context to be used to evaluate the candidate components to the instantiation. This selection aims to maintain the compatibility of new components with the components already used as well as the execution context, i.e. the current status of the device s resources. Due to the notion of equivalence between the interface specifications of components, the application should be able to request a component through the interface of the requested service, avoiding the need to know the component s name or any other specific feature that creates a tie with the given implementation.
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Elsayah, Othoman S. "A framework for improvement of contractor selection procedures on major construction project in Libya." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2016. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/453191.
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The construction sector constitutes one of the most important sectors in the economy of any country. Contractor selection is a critical decision that is undertaken by client organisations and is central to the success of any construction project. For major construction projects, final contractor selection often follows the contractor selection stage. Contractor selection is a process which involves investigating, screening and determining whether candidate contractors have the technical and financial capability to be accepted to formally tender for construction work. The process should be conducted prior to the award of contract, characterized by many factors such as: contactor's skills, experience on similar projects, track- record in the industry, and financial stability. Several models and approaches have been developed to assist client organisations in the contractor selection decision making process. This thesis evaluates the current state of knowledge in relation to contractor selection models. The key features, strengths and limitations of each of these methods are critically evaluated. The key factors of particular interest to client organisations are assessed. This thesis reports on-going research which aims to develop improved contractor selection criteria and methods with specific application to make construction projects in the Libyan context. The aim of this thesis is to build a framework for contractor selection process in the Libyan Construction Industry (LCI) and to find out the major obstacles constraining its operations which so far have not yet been taken into account by the Libyan researchers. However, to address that, a huge investigation has taken place about the current statues for contractor selection in Libya, as well as, in developed and well developed countries. To achieve that, both, theoretical and empirical research was carried out between 2010 and 2013 in Libya. The theoretical study concentrated on the sector of construction industry (Cl) and its key issues, whereas the empirical study focused and explored on the Libyan Construction Industry (LCI) as the context for the study. Two case studies were utilized in this research. The case studies were used to provide more information about the current situation of the LCI and to identify the contractor selection procedures of construction projects in. Also, it assist the researcher to identify key research questions that can later be used in a questionnaire survey. This research was implemented through the administration of a questionnaire survey based on research questions that are required for the building of a framework for contractor selection procedure and the identification of the challenges and obstacles that are facing the clients in the selection process. The development of the framework includes, but is not limited to, contractor selection criteria, decision makers, consultant, clients and sub-contractor. Therefore, the data collection is based on responses from the public and private sector (clients, consultants, contractors and others that are involved in and are knowledgeable about the contractor selection process in the Libyan construction projects). Mean and analysis of variance (independent T-test) were used to manipulate the data from the questionnaire within the SPSS v.20 software environment. The resulting framework was subjected to a validation procedure which involved a structured Delphi technique process based on a focus group consisting of experts who were selected to help with validation of the framework and establishing the extent to which the framework is practical, clear, applicable and comprehensive. This research uses an integrated approach that combines AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) method and TOPSIS (Technique for Order Performance by Similarity to Ideal Solution) method to evaluate and investigate the current existing practice of contractor selection in Libya. Also, the Delphi technique was used to establish a road map for contractor selection process. Twelve participants were selected to help with validation of the framework. Overall, this research found that the LCI was suffering from a total absence of contractor selection frameworks. This directly impacts on client satisfaction as well as government planning in the reconstruction of the country after the civil war in particular. To close this gap, this research was embarked upon to identify and explore the various contractor selection methods and frameworks that are utilized to support the guidance of contractor selection process toward success. As a consequence of this study, the Contractor Selection Process (CSP) is now very comprehensive and can now be a reference for any problem. Furthermore, this research will help decision makers and others involved to be more aware of and have a better understanding of the selection procedure in the LCI. This new understanding will help decision makers to make more efficacious decisions and to adopt good short and long term policies for contractor selection planning which can then be put into procedure. Even though this framework is built for the LCI, the research can be utilised in other countries that have a similar construction industry environment.
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Erickson, Jamie, and Jim Hutchins. "Selection methodology of H-1 components as potential candidates for Performance Based Logistics contracts." Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10303.
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MBA Professional ReportThe purpose of this planned project is to devise a method to evaluate H-1 components as possible candidates for Performance Based Logistics contracts. The objectives of this project are: (1) provide an overview of the H-1 program; (2) provide an overview of Performance Based Logistics contracts for component support; and (3) explore methods of identifying components as PBL candidates specifically for the H-1 community, through an analysis of readiness data, interviews with subject matter experts and use of Crystal Ballﾪ as a forecasting mechanism.
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Erickson, Jamie Hutchins Jim. "Selection methodology of H-1 components as potential candidates for Performance Based Logistics contracts." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2008. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/MBAPR/2008/Dec/08Dec%5FErickson%5FMBA.pdf.
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"Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Business Administration from the Naval Postgraduate School, December 2008."Advisor(s): Doerr, Kenneth ; Petross, Diana. "December 2008." "MBA professional report"--Cover. Description based on title screen as viewed on January 28, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-52). Also available in print.
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Eke, Gerald. "Determining the probability distributions of cost and time overrun arising from different contractor selection strategies in construction projects." Thesis, Aston University, 2017. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/33316/.
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Failing to adequately select the winning contractor can lead to problems in the project delivery phase such as bad quality and project delay; which ultimately results in cost overruns. There are two strategies involved with selecting contractors: one is the lowest tender, the other is called best value. Selecting the lowest tender is straightforward; the latter strategy would involve scoring the contractors' tenders on price and quality and ranking them. The aim of this research is to provide a model of determining the probability distributions of cost and time arising from choosing different contractor selection strategies: lowest tender or best value tender. The research presents an approach by which a what-if scenario can be analyzed using educational facilities projects in the UK. A Monte Carlo Simulation model was developed to allow the evaluation of the probability distributions of cost, and duration arising from the different strategies; these a represented as probability curves. The results show that the lowest tenderer would likely overrun in cost but the cost will be below the price of the best value tenderer. However, there is a higher probability that the lowest tender will exceed the clients’ expected duration, perhaps by a significant amount. The first contribution of the thesis is the development of a novel model of determining the probability distributions of cost and time involved with the different contractor selection strategies by using Monte Carlo simulation. The second contribution is a fresh way of looking at cost overruns. It is proposed that contractors’ cost overrun for a project should be compared to the price of the next highest tender to gauge its real impact.
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Rahimi, Ali. "Selection of Wood Supply Contracts to Reduce Cost in the Presence of Risks in Procurement Planning." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/66765.
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Les activités d'achat dans l'industrie des pâtes et papiers représentent une part importante du coût global de la chaîne d'approvisionnement. Les décideurs prévoient l'approvisionnement en bois requis jusqu'à un an à l'avance afin de garantir le volume d'approvisionnement pour le processus de production en continu dans leur usine. Des contrats réguliers, flexibles et d'options avec des fournisseurs de différents groupes sont disponibles. Les fournisseurs sont regroupés en fonction de caractéristiques communes, telles que la propriété des terres forestières. Cependant, lors de l'exécution du plan, des risques affectent les opérations d'approvisionnement. Si les risques ne sont pas intégrés dans le processus de planification des achats, l'atténuation de leur impact sera generalement coûteuse et compliquée. Des contrats ad hoc coûteux supplémentaires pourraient être nécessaires pour compenser le manque de livraisons. Pour aborder ce problème dans cette thèse, dans un premier projet, un modèle mathématique déterministe des opérations d'approvisionnement est développé. L'objectif du modèle est de proposer un plan d'approvisionnement annuel pour minimiser le coût total des opérations relatives. Les opérations sont soumises à des contraintes telles qu’une proportion minimale de l'offre par chaque groupe de fournisseurs, des niveaux cibles des stocks, de la satisfaction de la demande, la capacité par la cour à bois et la capacité du procédé de mise en copeaux. Les décisions sont liées à la sélection des contrats d'approvisionnement, à l'ouverture de cour à bois et aux flux du bois. Dans un deuxième projet, une évaluation du plan d'approvisionnement à partir du modèle déterministe du premier projet est effectuée en utilisant une approche de simulation Monte Carlo. Trois stratégies contractuelles différentes sont comparées : fixes, flexibles et une combinaison des deux types des contrats. L'approche de simulation de ce projet évalue la performance du plan par la valeur attendue et la variabilité du coût total, lorsque le plan est exécuté pendant l'horizon de planification. Dans un troisième projet, une approche de programmation stochastique en deux étapes est utilisée pour fournir un plan d'approvisionnement fiable. L'objectif du modèle est de minimiser le coût prévu du plan d'approvisionnement en présence de différents scénarios générés en fonction des risques. Les décisions lors de la première étape sont la sélection des contrats dans la première période et l'ouverture des cours à bois. Les décisions de la deuxième étape concernent la sélection des contrats commençant après la première période, les flux, l'inventaire et la production du procédé de la mise en copeaux. iii L'étude de cas utilisée dans cette thèse est inspirée par Domtar, une entreprise des pâtes et papiers située au Québec, Canada. Les résultats des trois projets de cette thèse aident les décideurs à réduire les contraintes humaines liées à la planification complexe des achats. Les modèles mathématiques développés fournissent une base pour l'évaluation de la stratégie d'approvisionnement sélectionnée. Cette tâche est presque impossible avec les approches actuelles de l'entreprise, car les évaluations nécessitent la formulation de risques d'approvisionnement. L'approche de programmation stochastique montre de meilleurs résultats financiers par rapport à la planification déterministe, avec une faible variabilité dans l'atténuation de l'impact des risques.Procurement activities in the pulp and paper industry account for an important part of the overall supply chain cost. Procurement decision-makers plan for the required wood supply up to one year in advance to guarantee the supply volume for the continuous production process at their mill. Regular, flexible and option contracts with suppliers in different groups are available. Suppliers are grouped based on common characteristics such as forestland ownership. However, during the execution of the plan, sourcing risks affect procurement operations. If risks are not integrated into the procurement planning process, mitigating their impact is likely to be expensive and complicated. Additional expensive ad hoc contracts might be required to compensate for the lack of deliveries. To tackle this problem, the first project of this thesis demonstrates the development of a deterministic mathematical model of procurement operations. The objective of the model is to propose an annual procurement plan to minimize the total cost of procurement operations. The operations are subject to constraints such as the minimum share of supply for each group of suppliers, inventory target levels, demand, woodyard capacity, and chipping process capacity. The decisions are related to the selection of sourcing contracts, woodyards opening, and wood supply flow. In the second project, an evaluation of the procurement plan from the deterministic model from project one is performed by using a Monte Carlo simulation approach. Three different strategies are compared as fixed, flexible, and a mix of both contracts. The simulation approach in this project evaluates the performance of the plan by the expected value and variability of the total cost when the plan is executed during the planning horizon. In the third project, a two-stage stochastic programming approach is used to provide a reliable procurement plan. The objective of the model is to minimize the expected cost of the procurement plan in the presence of different scenarios generated based on sourcing risks. First-stage decisions are the selection of contracts in the first period and the opening of woodyards. Second-stage decisions concern the selection of contracts starting after the first period, flow, inventory, and chipping process production. The case study used in this thesis was inspired by Domtar, which is a pulp and paper company located in Quebec, Canada. The results of three projects in this doctoral dissertation support decision-makers to reduce the human limitation in performing complicated procurement planning. The developed mathematical models provide a basis to evaluate the selected procurement strategy. This task is nearly impossible with current approaches in the company, as the evaluations require the formulation of v sourcing risks. The stochastic programming approach shows better financial results comparing to deterministic planning, with low variability in mitigating the impact of risks.
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Stanley, Bruce Edwin. "Selective privatization of security: why American strategic leaders choose to substitute private security contractors for national military force." Diss., Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13610.
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Doctor of PhilosophySecurity Studies Program
Jeffrey Pickering
Ideas about why US foreign policy actors have turned ever more frequently to private military contractors (PMCs) and private security contractors (PSCs) over the past decade and a half abound. Descriptive accounts of the rise of these corporations have become something of a cottage industry over the past decade or so. The various ideas advanced have yet to be placed under rigorous empirical scrutiny, however. This dissertation builds from the existing descriptive literature to advance a new theoretical framework to explain the rise of private contractors. It analyzes this framework as well as alternative ideas using both quantitative and qualitative analysis, marking the first time this important subject has been systematically examined with both social science methods.
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Nixon, Andrew Mark. "The selection of architectural firms in Indiana school construction projects." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1233207.
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The purpose of this research was to study the selection of architectural firms for 1997 and 1998 Indiana school construction projects of two million dollars or more. The study reported rankings for architectural selection criteria. Additionally, the study analyzed architectural selection procedures, architectural fees, the degree of respondent satisfaction with architectural services and the finished product, and the amount of inclusiveness in the selection.State records were used to identify the projects approved during the two-year period. Additional data were collected for 81% of the projects via surveys completed by superintendents or their designees.Major findings reported in the study include the following:1. Fees paid to architects ranged from 3.2% to 12.9% of construction costs, with the mean fee being 5.7%.2. In approximately 60% of the projects studied, respondents reported using an inclusive selection procedure for employing an architect.3. Slightly less than one-third of the projects (29%) used a direct selection procedure that precluded the use of a selection committee or the consideration of more than one firm.4. The two most frequently named selection criteria were experience in designing schools and reputation for completing projects within budget.5. The only variable found to have a significant association with the amount of fee paid was satisfaction with architectural services. Respondents in the low-fee category identified the highly satisfied response more than was expected.Outcomes suggest that a considerable number of school officials in the state did not adhere to the accepted best practices concerning competitive selection and the use of inclusive selection committees. The considerable variance in fees paid to architects was not explained by district size, district wealth, the nature of the construction project, or by the selection procedure used.Additional research was recommended in the following areas: (a) replication of the study in other states, (b) qualitative studies of superintendent attitudes about selection criteria and selection committee membership, (c) criteria for setting architectural fees, and (d) factors contributing to superintendent satisfaction. In addition, Indiana policymakers were encouraged to require local school districts to use competitive selection procedures.Department of Educational Leadership
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Phillips, Steve. "OVID-BV : optimising value in decision making for best value in the UK social housing sector." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2007. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/3530.
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The Governments' promotion and support of Best Value within the Social Housing Sector has been a prime catalyst in the move by Registered Social Landlord's [RSL's] away from the traditional culture of acceptance of the lowest bid towards consideration of both price and quality criteria as a basis for contractor selection. Manifestly this radical change in the way the sector procures its construction services has forced many of its stakeholders to undergo significant cultural and organisational changes within a relatively short period of time, and problems have developed during this transitional period that have affected the efficiency of the best value process. This research traced the root causes of these problems and its overarching aim was to develop an approach which will enable RSL's and their stakeholders to streamline the best value tender analysis procedure thereby allowing tenders to be dealt with effectively and efficiently whilst also creating a transparent and auditable decision making process. The approach has been established using a mixed methods research methodology utilising; case studies, surveys, rational decision analysis and system evaluation. The main output of the research is the development of a support tool known by the acronym OVID-BV which aids the multi objective decision making process. The underlying rationale for the support tool is based on the innovative use of uncertainty in decision making and the functionality of the tool uses a combination of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), multi attribute utility theory (MAUT) and whole life costing (WLC).
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Rubagotti, Eroan. "La liberté de choisir son cocontractant en droit privé." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0045.
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La liberté de choisir son cocontractant est considérée comme un élément nécessaire aux interactions sociales entre les individus, une donnée indispensable au bon fonctionnement du marché permettant de garantir la libre concurrence. Elle apparaît comme un outil de règlement optimal de la satisfaction des besoins de chacun. Il se pose néanmoins la question de son existence en droit positif parce que, jusqu’en 2016, le libre choix était absent du Code civil. Les auteurs affirment son existence depuis le Code de 1804, essentiellement à travers la liberté contractuelle, faisant ainsi douter de son autonomie. En outre, il convient également de s’interroger sur la consistance du principe, ce qui implique d’observer ses différentes applications concrètes au stade de la formation du contrat et les mécanismes qui viennent le garantir contre les atteintes qui lui sont portées. Le principe du libre choix de son partenaire contractuel est aujourd’hui consacré à l’article 1102 du Code civil mais se voit immédiatement limité par la loi et l’ordre public. Le caractère absolu du principe est donc exclu. Or, au regard de la multiplication des entraves à la liberté de sélectionner son partenaire au contrat, se pose la question de la réalité de celle-ci. En effet, en raison d’une fondamentalisation du droit, il est imposé de concilier le libre choix de son cocontractant avec les droits et libertés fondamentaux des candidats. Il en résulte des limitations légales. D’une part, le choisissant ne peut fonder sa sélection sur n’importe quel critère. D’autre part, il peut se voir interdit de choisir son cocontractantThe right to choose ones co-contractor is a necessary element in social interactions between individuals, an essential element to a well functioning market, in order to guarantee free competition. It is an optimal tool towards general satisfaction. Nevertheless the question of its existence in private law remains because, up to 2016, free choice was absent from civil code. Since 1804, authors have affirmed its existence, essentially through the means of contractual rights, questionning its autonomy. Furthermore, questions must be asked about this principle’s strength, involving observation of its concrete applications at the stage of contract formation and its guarantee mechanisms...Today, the right to choose ones co-contractor is established in article 1102 of the civil code but it is limited by law and ordre public. It isn’t an absolute principle. Regarding the multiplication of obstacles to the freedom to select ones co-contractor, there is the question of its reality. Indeed, because of the private law fundamentalisation movement, one must reconcile freedom of choice with potential candidates’ fundamental rights and freedoms. This results in legal limitations. On one hand, individuals can’t base their selection on whatever criterion. On the other hand, they may be forbidden to choose their co-contractor
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Coquet, Bruno. "L'assurance-chômage et le marché du travail contemporain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24007.
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L’assurance chômage (AC) est un dispositif central des politiques du marché du travail. Une revue de littérature détaille ce que l’on sait de la pertinence et de l’optimalité de ces régimes dans le contexte du marché du travail contemporain. Elle illustre que si la stabilisation de la consommation des chômeurs est le motif générateur de l’AC, peu de travaux ont évalué cet aspect ou les autres effets positifs de l’AC, se focalisant sur les effets pervers du dispositif, notamment l’alea moral des chômeurs, et sur l’optimisation des règles pour les contenir. Dans la dernière décennie, la prise en compte des firmes et de la dynamique économique a rendu la littérature plus fertile pour optimiser les dépensescomme les ressources de l’AC.Les régimes d’AC profitent-ils de ces enseignements ? L’évolution des règles du régime français depuis 50 ans, ainsi que l’extrême diversité de celles en vigueur dans 5 pays incline à douter que ces régimes sont optimaux, surtout si on se limite à l’AC plutôt que de tenir compte de l’ensemble des transferts aux chômeurs pour analyser leurs comportements.La situation du régime français montre que ses fréquentes évolutions n’ont pas résolu ses problèmes. Il a subi, mais aussi stimulé, la récurrence au chômage, au prix d’une pression fiscale accrue et d’une efficacité dégradée pour la majorité des salariés et des firmes. En France comme dans de nombreux autres pays, les ressources de l’AC sont un domaine de réformes délaissé, alors qu’à tous points de vue (équité, incitations, équilibre financier, etc.) les gains potentiels d’une révision de leurs modalités sont plus élevés que ceux à attendre d’un nouvel ajustement marginal des droitsUnemployment Insurance (UI) is a key labour market policy.A comprehensive survey of UI literature assesses what we know about UI optimality and its relevance regarding present labour market conditions. Despite of being its founding rationale, jobseekers’ consumption smoothing is rarely assessed, as well as other UI gains. In contrast research has long focused on UI adverse effects, namely recipients’ moral hazard, and on benefits optimization to control it. Recent literature better integrates firm and economic dynamics, thus being richer regarding the way UI benefits and financing rules could be more optimal.Do UI regimes build on this knowledge? An historical approach of French UI rules, and up to date descriptions of 5 other UI regimes, show an extreme diversity of UI arrangements, raising doubts about their optimality. Comprehensive analysis of social transfers to unemployed should be preferred to analysis restricted to UI benefits, because less misleading about unemployed real situation and behaviour.An in depth analysis of French UI rules illustrates that numerous reforms didn’t solve structural problems. The regime suffered increasing spending due to labour market changes, but it also stimulated adverse expensive behaviours among specific groups and short term contracts, both leading to heavier taxes and reduced efficiency for the bulk of workers and firms. In France as elsewhere, UI systems’ funding is a forsaken part of reforms. Yet regarding justice, incentives, financial stability, etc. reviewing rules governing resources could be more rewarding than implementing usual UI benefits reforms
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Ansar, Atif. "'New departures' in infrastructure provision : an ongoing evolution away from physical assets to user needs." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2010. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1f938334-bf4e-45cc-81fc-be50afa5dc9e.
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Infrastructure—communications, energy, transport, waste, and water networks—is critical for economic activity and social well-being. Practitioners, politicians, and economists advocate high levels of investment in infrastructure under the rubric of 'planning for growth' (or the 'push' paradigm). This paradigm relies on complex public-private arrangements in the name of public interest. These seemingly reasonable arrangements are, however, not delivering their promise. Evidence shows that the needs of infrastructure users in rich and poor countries are not being met, many private providers of infrastructure earn rich returns, assets are rarely built in time or on budget, and there is tremendous waste in the operation of many infrastructure industries. No other sector could survive the profligacy and slack common in infrastructure. I distil the following primary propositions of the accepted wisdom, which is inspired by mainstream economics: First, infrastructure assets necessarily entail high sunk costs and large economies of scale. Consequently, assets last for very long periods of time, and they cannot be readily moved. Second, infrastructure outputs are homogeneous. Third, one network fits all users (large and small). Fourth, infrastructure users, even large ones, are likely to have weak bargaining power in procurement of infrastructure outputs. I challenge these four propositions of the conventional wisdom by putting forward alternative hypotheses. First, instead of being monolithic and costly, infrastructures can be assembled (and disassembled) as flexible modules for specific users in specific places. Drawing on option pricing theory in quantitative finance, I recast infrastructures as 'portfolios of real options'. Second, infrastructure outputs are, in fact, heterogeneous and differentiated services. Third, one infrastructure network cannot fit all users, either today or in the future. Users are remarkably heterogeneous, not only in terms of unique user preferences but also in terms of spatial location. Infrastructure networks need to evolve in tandem with user needs or risk spatial, temporal, and relational obsolescence. Finally, users, large and small, are adept at exerting strong bargaining power in procuring infrastructure both prior to and after rendering durable and immobile investments. Users also strategically deploy intermediaries, e.g. futures and Over-the-Counter (OTC) exchanges, and real estate developers, to negotiate private contracts for infrastructure services. These findings are supported by two case studies. The first case study details the process by which ThyssenKrupp, a large steel company, bargained for its infrastructure by locating to a manufacturing site in the U.S. The second case study focuses on residents of Lavasa, one of the largest property developments in India. Here, small users of infrastructure exert strong bargaining power with the aid of intermediaries—the real estate developer and the property asset manager. New departures in infrastructure provision are urgently needed at a practical level. Poor investments rendered today—particularly if costly, inflexible, and durable—will suffocate tomorrow’s possibilities. The spatial, temporal, and relational approach proposed in this dissertation begins to offer an alternative account of how tomorrow can be modularly shaped.
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Lima, Cíntia Rosa Pereira de. "Validade e obrigatoriedade dos contratos de adesão eletrônicos (shrink-wrap e click-wrap) e dos termos e condições de uso (browse-wrap): um estudo comparado entre Brasil e Canadá." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2131/tde-03062011-090910/.
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Esta tese tem por objeto a investigação dos aspectos legais decorrentes do comércio eletrônico, com ênfase na validade e obrigatoriedade dos contratos de adesão eletrônicos e os denominados termos e condições de uso. Estes negócios jurídicos eletrônicos podem ser divididos em três espécies: a) licenças do tipo shrink-wrap, terminologia reservada às compras de software no estabelecimento físico do fornecedor, cujos termos contratuais que vincularão as partes não podem ser visualizados antes da compra do produto, mas tão somente no decorrer da instalação do software, garantindo-se ao adquirente a possibilidade efetiva de devolução do produto se não concordar com os termos da licença; b) contratos do tipo click-wrap, contratos celebrados inteiramente em meio eletrônico, em que o consumidor tem a oportunidade de ler as cláusulas contratuais antes de manifestar, expressamente, sua anuência ou não, clicando em uma caixa de diálogo indicativa de expressões como eu aceito, ou outra semelhante; e, c) os termos e condições de uso, denominados pela doutrina estrangeira como browse-wrap, disponibilizados no canto inferior de uma página da internet em um hiperlink, vinculando toda e qualquer pessoa, que tão-somente acesse o respectivo site, sem ao menos chamar a atenção do usuário para a existência destes termos ou nem exigindo a manifestação da anuência a tais termos. Os tribunais estrangeiros têm enfrentado a problemática em torno da validade e obrigatoriedade destas práticas comerciais, em especial os browse-wrap, cujo formato em que são utilizados descaracteriza-nos com contratos ou condições gerais de contratação, pois o usuário nem ao menos tem consciência da existência de tais termos. Portanto, parte da doutrina e da jurisprudência entende que o browse-wrap não se encaixa na definição de contrato, mas são termos unilateralmente propostos por uma das partes sem que a outra possa ter efetivo conhecimento a respeito. Se, por um lado, há necessidade de reconhecer os efeitos obrigatórios dos contratos de adesão eletrônicos, fortalecendo o comércio eletrônico; por outro lado, a sociedade global exige a efetiva proteção dos consumidores e usuários contra abusos praticados por multinacionais, que operam sem fronteiras geográficas. Assim, juristas e doutrinadores enfrentam um enorme desafio: desenvolver um comércio eletrônico sustentável, equilibrando os interesses comerciais e os direitos dos consumidores. Este trabalho pretende determinar os requisitos jurídicos para a validade dos contratos eletrônicos de maneira científica, analisando o processo de formação contratual em meio eletrônico. Por fim, investiga-se a dúvida acerca da lei aplicável e da jurisdição na era digital, enfatizando a cláusula de eleição de foro, de escolha da lei aplicável e compromissória, bem como seu impacto no acesso à justiça do consumidor. Em suma, esta tese destaca a necessidade de uma legislação uniforme sobre comércio eletrônico e a proteção do consumidor, tendo em vista o alto nível de globalização, para que se possam tutelar os direitos dos consumidores aliados aos interesses econômicos do mercado.This thesis intends to investigate some of the legal issues raised by e-commerce, specifically the validity and enforceability of the electronic adhesion contracts and the terms and conditions of use. Such electronic juridic acts can be grouped into three subspecies: a) the shrink-wrap licences, reserved for purchase in the store, but yet the consumer can not view the terms and conditions that she or he will be bound by, once the product (often a software) is installed; the consumer is granted with a period of time within she or he can return the product to the store if she or he does not agree with the terms and conditions; b) the click-wrap agreements are contracts presented to the consumer, when dealing on-line, stating the terms and conditions of the purchase, and then, once its read, she or he may point and click in a dialog box indicating her or his consent (such as I agree or some other synonymous expression); and c) the browse-wrap, composed by terms and conditions listed in a hyperlink on the bottom of a web page, which obliges the consumer only because she or he surfs on the Web, nevertheless it is not require that the consumer shows any kind of consent to the terms and conditions. Even though some courts have ruled in favor of the validity and enforceability of browse-wrap, it is very questionable to accept the fact of being bound by something that one never knew that it even existed. Thus, some other courts are of the view that browse-wrap is not technically a contract according to the legal doctrine. Instead it is a sort of private regulation of the disposal of products and services written by the supplier. On one hand, there is a need to enforce electronic commerce in order to stimulate and consolidate it by making electronic contracts binding on consumers. On the other hand, there is a need to protect consumers from the abuse of unequal bargaining power in such contractual relation, which may pit them against a multinational corporation, which operates throughout the world. Thus, jurists and academics must combine efforts to find a sustainable balance between these two sides. Besides there is a need for a uniform and scientific solution, given that a prerequisite to valid contract formation is the unequivocal meeting of the minds which may not happen in this means of contract formation, especially if the supplier does not require any clear and effective sign of assent from the consumer. The touchstone of e-commerce is the law and jurisdiction conflicts since such contracts often include a forum selection clause or a mandatory arbitration clause, which can deprive the consumers of their day in court. In short, it highlights the need for a uniform legislation and a strong consumer protection system to ensure the growth of ecommerce. This would foster a reliable electronic environment meeting the consumers expectations and the market standards.
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Shahin, Mahmoud. "Three essays on bank profitability, fragility, and lending." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/18675.
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We present three chapters on theoretical issues of banking. These deal with bank runs, risk sharing, lending and profitability. In the first chapter, we examine the agency problem in the bank-depositor relationship. Depositors are the principals and banks are the agents. Banks choose investment portfolios and are subject to moral hazard in that they have incentive to take on more risk than desirable to depositors because they are residual claimants. We study an incentive-compatible mechanism that prompts banks to follow a safe investment policy. This mechanism leaves the bank a profit margin in a similar manner to a CEO being paid a bonus by a company. In the second chapter, we extend Allen and Gale (1998) by adding a long-term riskless investment opportunity to the original portfolio of a short-term liquid asset and a long-term risky illiquid asset. Through portfolio diversification, we identify the risk-sharing deposit contract in a three-period model that maximizes the ex-ante expected utility of depositors. Unlike Allen and Gale, there are no information-based bank runs in equilibrium. In addition, our model can improve consumers' welfare over the Allen and Gale model. I also show that the bank will choose to liquidate the cheaper investments, in terms of the gain-loss ratios for the two types of existing long-term assets, when there is liquidity shortage in some cases. Such a policy reduces the liquidation cost and enables the bank to meet the outstanding liability to depositors without large liquidation losses. In the third chapter, we study the role of banks in providing loans to borrower firms. This paper extends the theory of designing optimal loan contracts (for profits) in the Bolton and Scharfstein (1996) model to a setting where asymmetry of information exists. Based on the verifiability of information structure, we analyze complete and incomplete contracts. Through this analysis, optimal, incentive-compatible loan contracts that maximize the expected profit of the bank are characterized. Our analysis suggests that a bank could be induced to liquidate a borrower's project under specific conditions. Furthermore, we identify implementable mechanisms for the renegotiation game given the bargaining power between a borrower and a bank.
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Klabal, Petr. "Měření kontrakcí izolovaných srdečních buněk v reálném čase." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219637.
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Diploma thesis deals with the basic description of cardiac muscle cells, the mechanism of its contraction and events associated with contractions. There are different types of methods which can be used for measuring of contractions and for evaluation of cell length. This work describe these methods and evaluate their pros and cons. Based on available information and technical possibilities is one of the methods chosen and used for the design of block diagram system for measuring of contraction of isolated heart cells in real time. The practical part of this diploma thesis deals with the designing of a system which allows processing the image of isolated cardiac muscle cells that facilitate the detection of the cells edge. For this purpose it was created a device that allows the user to select a single row from television signal containing the image information from a location where is the currently selected row. Thus obtained image information can be used for cells edge detection and measuring of its length and contractions.
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Achuo, George. "Partner satisfaction and renewal likelihood in consumer supported agriculture (CSA) : a case study of The Equiterre CSA network." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19555.
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Kao, Tzu-Sang, and 高梓桑. "Safety and Health for the selection of contractors of Bank." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97995114092579076382.
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碩士東南科技大學
防災科技研究所
99
By reviewing our country’s previous occupational history statistics, it is evident that contractors are frequently involved in accidents or disasters involving personnel. In addition to lacking a safety and health culture and failing to implement effective management systems, contractors generally have a limited knowledge and awareness of worksite hazards and risks which allow accidents to occur more often. In order to reduce the occupational hazards related to contractors that can result in personnel injury or damage to financial transaction equipment which can lead to a halt in trading, banks can establish a management system that includes selection, operation management, performance evaluation systems to strengthen contractor safety and health management by banks and raise safety and health knowledge and technical capability of subcontractors to effective achieve the objective of occupational health prevention. Besides establishing different contractor selection evaluation factors and selection strategies, this paper also utilizes the analytical hierarchy process to determine the best selection strategies and weight distributions for individual factors. With regard to the implementation of contractor safety and health management, this paper provides safety rules and contractor management safety assessment method to establish a closed-loop management cycle for contractor selection / management / evaluation in order to continually improve its effectiveness. The main contribution of this paper is to establish a contractor assessment system for banks that can first establish a contractor safety assessment platform through the Joint Credit Information Center to improve the safety of work subtracted by the banking industry and set an example for use in other industries so as to achieve social stability, protect labor, guarantee the security of property and boost national economic development.
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CHENG, JING-REN, and 鄭景仁. "Study of Mechanical and Electrical Contractors selection for plant operation." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p3t47t.
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碩士明新科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士在職專班
107
In recent years, Taiwanese companies have continued to introduce new construction projects. The new construction of the plant is generally divided into civil engineering and mechanical and electrical engineering bids, and the latter is the focus of the final project in the construction project. The mechanical and electrical engineering includes the major system engineering of the factory and the hook up, and its construction schedule and quality control, is the most important part of the overall construction project. The project bidding is to select excellent construction manufacturers and equipment suppliers, and strive for good prices to reduce the cost of construction. The implementation of this part is coordinated by the purchasing department and the factory department, each of which performs its duties and cooperates. In the past, the decision of the company on engineering procurement was based on the principle that the bid price was set at the lowest price specified in the bidding instructions; accordingly, the price was often the main key to the award. Recently, some enterprises have decided to refer to the most favorable criteria in the government procurement law, and comprehensively consider the advantages and disadvantages of each manufacturer in terms of technology, experience, management, price, and commercial conditions, and then award the bid to the most suitable bidders. The changes in these award-winning systems will help the construction of the project to be completed on time, even in advance. After all, once the construction schedule is delayed, it will result in a huge loss of the company's cost and product business opportunities. The main purpose of this study is to explore whether the establishment of the selection criteria and the weighting of the selection criteria are appropriate in the implementation process of the mechanical and electrical engineering contractor selection with the most favorable standard. Because failure to understand in depth will result in differences in planning and execution results, affecting the delivery of projects and performance guarantees, thus triggering the study to explore the most favorable criteria for procurement law and the selection of contractors, and to discuss the selection of contractors through literature. The 42 elements related to the design use the Likert five-point scale to design the first-stage questionnaire, recover the questionnaire to calculate the average and standard deviation, determine the important evaluation factors, and then form a hierarchical structure according to the corresponding relationship to design the second-stage AHP expert. The questionnaire was interviewed, and then the weights and relationships between the various facets and the criteria were determined by the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). A set of mechanical and electrical engineering contractor selection model was established to reduce the subjective cognitive gap of the selected personnel. Keywords：Selection Criteria, Contractors Selection, Most Advantageous Tender, Analytic Hierarchy Process; AHP
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Yu, Ya-Ting, and 游雅婷. "DEA-base CBR decision approach in housing refurbishment contractors selection." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01580782485613429559.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
96
With lower demands of new-building houses and the change of Taiwan social structure, the housing refurbishment market has grown greatly for the past few years. Refurbishment works have quite complicated characteristics that easily cause asymmetric and opaque information between contractors and tenants in a refurbishment process. Tenants select contractors are mostly based on word-of-mouth referrals or only on the cost. Therefore, it is ineffective to select the refurbishment contractor according to their customization needs. This study proposes a systematic decision support approach to select contractors by using case-based reasoning (CBR) and data envelopment analysis (DEA). With this intelligent approach, tenants can select an optimal refurbishment contractor according to their customization needs to solve refurbishment asymmetric and opaque information problems.
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Liao, Chia-Chun, and 廖佳君. "Using Analytic Network Process to Evaluate Collaborative Technology of Software Contractors Selection Model." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2a3rch.
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碩士元培科技大學
企業管理研究所
98
The collaboative commerce florish in recent years, we through the collaborative technology of software contractors view how the information systems control to develop a collaboration technology cooperation mechanism, so that industry and its partners to create competitive advantages, which is one of the government actively undertaken problems. This study applies the SWOT to build a framework for collaborative technology of software contractors, and develop an organizational performance. The organizational performance of collaborative technology of software contractors in Taiwan is evaluated by applying the Analytic Network Process (ANP). Finally, this study’s results can propose highly applicable for company administrators and collaborative technology of software contractor analysts.
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Chang, Chia-Hao, and 張家豪. "Material Supplier Selection Modelling by BSC and FAHP - the Example of Structural Retrofit Turnkey Contractors." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/erbfkj.
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博士國立中央大學
營建管理研究所
106
Material Supplier Selection Modelling by BSC and FAHP - the Example of Structural Retrofit Turnkey Contractors Abstract After 921 earthquake, people had realize that how important structural engineering is. To providing safety constructions for people, we have to improving structural for those unsafety constructions. Carbon fiber is a kind of material that good for structural engineering, hence, the quality of Carbon fiber from relative suppliers must be considered. The main concept of Turnkey is outsource an engineering program to chosen supplier, Turnkey now is a major method to run public engineering program, the owner has to found out good suppliers to make engineering program work. Good supplier can provide high quality products, stable deliver circle, lower cost and so on. Base on above mention, we would like to discuss relative researches about Turnkey and Supplier Selection, we also use AHP to build selection model, and improve data output by using Fuzzy Theory. Finance factor (absolute weight 0.4) is a main consider factor to select proper supplier, Earning Power (absolute weight 0.301), Debt-paying ability (absolute weight 0.186), Internal process (absolute weight 0.112), Delivery time (absolute weight 0.108) and Products quality (absolute weight 0.093) are top 5 selection factors in our selection model. Final, most experts indicated that financial status and products status are two main factors to determine good supplier, we also proposed other MCDM (Gray Relational Analysis, Analytic Network Process) to enhance this paper. Keywords: Structure reinforcement, Turnkey, Supplier Selection, Carbon fiber, BSC, FAHP
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Wu, Chan-Chen, and 吳潺城. "Establishing an Outsourcing Contractors Green Selection Model Based on AHP-A Case Study of IPC Industry." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25144397419635181079.
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碩士淡江大學
管理科學學系企業經營碩士在職專班
100
Environmental protection and green earth have been emphasized along with the over exploitation of resources and pollution during the past decade, and eco-friendly products have turned into one of the top demand priorities in the market. In Taiwan green compliance has become a must for most of the products in their life spans starting not only from the initial design, material selection and procurement, manufacturing and after-use recycling for physical products, but also marketing, product positioning and promotion. Everything has to be done based on the consideration of "Green". All kinds of products ranging from the family appliances to industrial equipments featuring environmental protection and energy saving can be found in the market for instance. Most of the Taiwan enterprises are dedicating with firm commitments to build their own green systems, GSCM - Green Supply Chain Management, covering end to end from the raw material to the after-use recycling. With such a positive practice in favor of the environment, enterprises can secure their competitiveness and win customer''s satisfaction. This study is about building an evaluation and selection system for CM (Contracted Manufacturers) in terms of green compliance with reference to major IPC (Industrial PC) companies. IPC companies in Taiwan include Advantech, Advansus, IEI, ADLINK, NEXCOM, Avalue, POSIFLEX, iBASE and AXIOMTEK who respectively have their own product territories such as panel PC, POS, gaming machine, vehicle and ship electronic devices. Based on the standards and actual practices sorted from the related literatures about the CM evaluation and selection in IPC industry, green concepts and requirements, and the information collected from the interviews with the industry professionals, the evaluation and selection system for CM in this study will come up with a result and relative weights after the analysis and calculation by using AHP - Analytic Hierarchy Process. Furthermore, the evaluation and selection system would be introduced to other IPC manufacturers as a method to enhance the quality of decisions. Finally, a comparison between the system in this study and actual case from a company will be specified to further confirm this evaluation and selection system would meet the general needs in the IPC industry.
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Cheng, Chun-Yuan, and 鄭鈞元. "The Impact of Airline Aircraft Maintenance Outsourcing Strategies on the Critical Factors of Maintenance Contractors Selection." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wwv6ku.
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碩士世新大學
企業管理研究所(含碩專班)
96
To build up core capability and competitive advantage, companies often outsource their non-core functions to outside suppliers. These will intent to reduce corporate operations cost and upgrade competitive advantage in the market by utilizing outside professional know-how and resources. Outsourcing strategy is also used by some airline companies. By contracting high-cost, high-technology, highly difficult aircraft maintenance tasks to outside professional MRO (Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul), airline carriers can substantially reduce cost in hanger facility, personnel, supply and storage. Airline companies can focus on its resources on customer service. Hence, selecting appropriate aircraft maintenance contractors is crucial to the success of outsourcing. This study aims at domestic aviation industry, selecting six airlines as research targets, using fuzzy theory and grey theory for analysis. Twenty eight criteria are chosen as indicators for selecting an appropriate outsourcing contractor and ranked in the order of their ratings. Aircraft line maintenance full handling, Aircraft line maintenance general ground servicing, and Aircraft heavy maintenance are the three types of outsourcing models commonly used for looking for an outside contractor in the aviation industry. The current study considers how the twenty eight critical factors interact in the selection of an appropriate aircraft maintenance contractor when airlines adopted different outsourcing models. The result indicated that nine critical factors carry discrepancy when applied to different models at maintenance contractor selection. The remaining nineteen critical factors carry the same ratings no matter which model they are applied to. The outcome of this study can be used to assist an airline company to evaluate aircraft maintenance contractors. In addition, when adopting different outsourcing models, airlines may use the critical factors to find out the most appropriate contractors. The results of current study are valuable both in academy and practice.
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CHEN, LI-SHAN, and 陳麗山. "A Study of Manufacturing Contractors Selection Criteria of the Large Ship Hatch Cover — The Case of CSBC Corporation, Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/m278p7.
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碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士在職專班
104
Ocean transportation occupies a large proportion of international transport. Due to Taiwan's economy remains island economy and export-oriented, the government committed to developing shipbuilding industry which is in supply chain and increasing employment opportunities. For sustainable development, they compete with global shipbuilders and obtain orders. In face of recession on ocean transport, some large shipbuilding companies trend on the ship enlargement, green-energy ship design and brand development, such as container ships 14,000TEU, 8,000TEU and 223,000 tons large bulk carrier. "Hatch cover" is part of upper structure of ship and so is a special manufacturing product. When accepting an order of new ship, shipbuilding companies also provide hatch covers' production. In order to save on production cost, about 66% of their workloads undertakes is by outsourcing. Therefore contractor selection and outsourcer management become an important evaluation of shipbuilding companies. This research is based on the practice of outsourcing job and the research of scolars to analyze and to get those contractor selecting standards. In addition the author interviewed experts who have more working experience on making hatch covers, managers of purchasing and outsourcing and uses these major principles to evaluate contractors based on AHP, Analytical Hierarchy Process, with weighted grade. At the end, this research puts criteria for weighted grade so that staffs in charge of outsourcing may clearly and simply select the most suitable contractors.