Academic literature on the topic 'Seismic surface waves'

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Journal articles on the topic "Seismic surface waves"

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Halliday, David F., Andrew Curtis, Johan O. A. Robertsson, and Dirk-Jan van Manen. "Interferometric surface-wave isolation and removal." GEOPHYSICS 72, no. 5 (September 2007): A69—A73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2761967.

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The removal of surface waves (ground roll) from land seismic data is critical in seismic processing because these waves tend to mask informative body-wave arrivals. Removal becomes difficult when surface waves are scattered, and data quality is often impaired. We apply a method of seismic interferometry, using both sources and receivers at the surface, to estimate the surface-wave component of the Green’s function between any two points. These estimates are subtracted adaptively from seismic survey data, providing a new method of ground-roll removal that is not limited to nonscattering regions.
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Campman, X., K. van Wijk, C. D. Riyanti, J. Scales, and G. Herman. "Imaging scattered seismic surface waves." Near Surface Geophysics 2, no. 4 (August 1, 2004): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/1873-0604.2004019.

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Blonk, Bastian, and Gérard C. Herman. "Removal of scattered surface waves using multicomponent seismic data." GEOPHYSICS 61, no. 5 (September 1996): 1483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444073.

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In many exploration areas, the shallow subsurface is strongly heterogeneous. The heterogeneities can give rise to scattering of surface waves. These scattered waves can depreciate the quality of land seismic data when they mask the body‐wave reflections from the deeper part of the subsurface. Surface waves scattered near a line of receivers (inline‐scattered waves) can be removed by well‐known filtering techniques (see e.g., Yilmaz, 1987, section 1.6.2). However, surface waves scattered far from the receiver line (crossline‐scattered waves) are left intact partially by filtering because these waves can resemble body‐wave reflections. In previous papers, we have discussed an inverse scattering method for removing scattered surface waves from simulated data (Blonk and Herman, 1994), as well as from field data (Blonk et al., 1995). So far, we have limited our attention to the vertical components of the particle velocity which implies that surface waves and body‐wave reflections can be distinguished on the basis of their respective differences in phase velocity.
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Peterie, Shelby L., Julian Ivanov, Erik Knippel, Richard D. Miller, and Steven D. Sloan. "Shallow tunnel detection using converted surface waves." GEOPHYSICS 86, no. 3 (May 1, 2021): WA59—WA68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2020-0357.1.

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Seismic surface waves that were likely converted from incident body waves were used to detect a 3 m deep tunnel using two novel processing methods. In data acquired at a tunnel test site, a unique forward-propagating wave (traveling away from the tunnel and seismic source) was identified as an early-arriving surface wave converted at the tunnel from an incident body wave. To our knowledge, our research represents the first time converted surface waves have been observed originating from a tunnel. We have developed two novel processing methods targeting this unique wavefield component for detecting tunnels, cavities, or other shallow anomalies. The first is a time-domain imaging method that takes advantage of the unique kinematic characteristics of converted surface waves to produce a cross section with a coherent, high-amplitude signature originating from the horizontal location of the tunnel. The second method uses frequency-domain analysis of surface-wave amplitudes, which reveals increased amplitudes (primarily from converted surface waves) at locations expected for the tunnel. These proposed approaches for analysis of converted surface waves were successfully used to detect the tunnel and accurately interpret its horizontal location in real-world data. These novel methods could be the key for detecting shallow tunnels or other subsurface anomalies and complement existing seismic detection methods.
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Xu, Jixiang, Shitai Dong, Huajuan Cui, Yan Zhang, Ying Hu, and Xiping Sun. "Near-surface scattered waves enhancement with source-receiver interferometry." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 6 (November 1, 2018): Q49—Q69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0806.1.

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Near-surface scattered waves (NSWs) are the main noise in seismic data in areas with a complex near surface and can be divided into surface-to-surface scattered waves and body-to-surface scattered waves. We have developed a method for NSW enhancement that uses modified source-receiver interferometry. The method consists of two parts. First, deconvolutional intersource interferometry is used to cancel the common raypath of seismic waves from a near-surface scatterer to the common receiver and the receiver function. Second, convolutional interreceiver interferometry is used to compensate the common raypath of seismic waves from the common source to the near-surface scatterer and the source function. For an isotropic point scatterer near the earth’s surface in modified source-receiver interferometry, a body-to-surface scattered wave can be reconstructed by constructive interference not only among three body-to-surface scattered waves but also among a body-to-surface scattered wave and two surface-to-surface scattered waves; a surface-to-surface scattered wave can be reconstructed by constructive interference not only among three surface-to-surface scattered waves but also among a surface-to-surface scattered wave and two body-to-surface scattered waves. According to stationary phase analysis based on the superposition principle, we have developed a so-called dual-wheel driving configuration of modified source-receiver interferometry for enhancing NSWs in the data of conventional seismic exploration. The main advantages of the scheme are that (1) it can be used to enhance NSWs without the need for any a priori knowledge of topography and near-surface velocity, (2) it can be used to reconstruct NSWs from real sources to real receivers, including 3D near-surface side-scattered waves, and (3) it can be applied to conventional seismic data with finite-frequency bandwidth, spatially limited and sparse arrays, different source and receiver functions, and static correction. Numerically simulated data and field seismic data are used to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the scheme.
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Qiu, Xinming, Chao Wang, Jun Lu, and Yun Wang. "Surface-Wave Extraction Based on Morphological Diversity of Seismic Events." Applied Sciences 9, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9010017.

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It is essential to extract high-fidelity surface waves in surface-wave surveys. Because reflections usually interfere with surface waves on X components in multicomponent seismic exploration, it is difficult to extract dispersion curves of surface waves. To make matters worse, the frequencies and velocities of higher-mode surface waves are close to those of PS-waves. A method for surface-wave extraction is proposed based on the morphological differences between surface waves and reflections. Frequency-domain high-resolution linear Radon transform (LRT) and time-domain high-resolution hyperbolic Radon transform (HRT) are used to represent surface waves and reflections, respectively. Then, a sparse representation problem based on morphological component analysis (MCA) is built and optimally solved to obtain high-fidelity surface waves. An advantage of our method is its ability to extract surface waves when their frequencies and velocities are close to those of reflections. Furthermore, the results of synthetic and field examples confirm that the proposed method can attenuate the distortion of surface-wave dispersive energy caused by reflections, which contributes to extraction of accurate dispersion curves.
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Almuhaidib, Abdulaziz M., and M. Nafi Toksöz. "Numerical modeling of elastic-wave scattering by near-surface heterogeneities." GEOPHYSICS 79, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): T199—T217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2013-0208.1.

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In land seismic data, scattering from surface and near-surface heterogeneities adds complexity to the recorded signal and masks weak primary reflections. To understand the effects of near-surface heterogeneities on seismic reflections, we simulated seismic-wave scattering from arbitrary-shaped, shallow, subsurface heterogeneities through the use of a perturbation method for elastic waves and finite-difference forward modeling. The near-surface scattered wavefield was modeled by looking at the difference between the calculated incident (i.e., in the absence of scatterers) and the total wavefields. Wave propagation was simulated for several earth models with different near-surface characteristics to isolate and quantify the influence of scattering on the quality of the seismic signal. The results indicated that the direct surface waves and the upgoing reflections were scattered by the near-surface heterogeneities. The scattering took place from body waves to surface waves and from surface waves to body waves. The scattered waves consisted mostly of body waves scattered to surface waves and were, generally, as large as, or larger than, the reflections. They often obscured weak primary reflections and could severely degrade the image quality. The results indicated that the scattered energy depended strongly on the properties of the shallow scatterers and increased with increasing impedance contrast, increasing size of the scatterers relative to the incident wavelength, decreasing depth of the scatterers, and increasing attenuation factor of the background medium. Also, sources deployed at depth generated weak surface waves, whereas deep receivers recorded weak surface and scattered body-to-surface waves. The analysis and quantified results helped in the understanding of the scattering mechanisms and, therefore, could lead to developing new acquisition and processing techniques to reduce the scattered surface wave and enhance the quality of the seismic image.
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de Groot-Hedlin, Catherine D. "Seismic T-Wave Observations at Dense Seismic Networks." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 6 (August 19, 2020): 3444–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220200208.

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Abstract Seismic T waves, which result from transformation of hydroacoustic to seismic energy at coastlines, were investigated for two strong earthquakes. A 2014 Caribbean event generated seismic T waves that were detected at over 250 seismometers along the east coast of the U.S., primarily at seismic stations operated by the USArray Transportable Array. A 2006 Hawaiian event generated seismic T waves observed at over 100 seismometers along the west coast. Seismic T-wave propagation was treated as locally 2D where the incoming hydroacoustic wavefronts were nearly parallel to the coastlines. Along the east coast, seismic T-wave propagation velocities were consistent with surface waves and a polarization analysis indicated that they were transverse waves, supporting their interpretation as Love waves. They were observed at inland distances up to 1134 km from the east coast. Along the west coast, the propagation velocity was over 5 km/s and a polarization analysis confirmed that the seismic T waves propagated as seismic P waves. Differences between the modes of propagation along the east and west coasts are attributed to differences in the slope and thickness of the sediment coverage at the continental slopes where hydroacoustic to seismic conversion takes place.
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Ardhuin, Fabrice, and T. H. C. Herbers. "Noise generation in the solid Earth, oceans and atmosphere, from nonlinear interacting surface gravity waves in finite depth." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 716 (January 25, 2013): 316–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.548.

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AbstractOceanic pressure measurements, even in very deep water, and atmospheric pressure or seismic records, from anywhere on Earth, contain noise with dominant periods between 3 and 10 s, which is believed to be excited by ocean surface gravity waves. Most of this noise is explained by a nonlinear wave–wave interaction mechanism, and takes the form of surface gravity waves, acoustic or seismic waves. Previous theoretical work on seismic noise focused on surface (Rayleigh) waves, and did not consider finite-depth effects on the generating wave kinematics. These finite-depth effects are introduced here, which requires the consideration of the direct wave-induced pressure at the ocean bottom, a contribution previously overlooked in the context of seismic noise. That contribution can lead to a considerable reduction of the seismic noise source, which is particularly relevant for noise periods larger than 10 s. The theory is applied to acoustic waves in the atmosphere, extending previous theories that were limited to vertical propagation only. Finally, the noise generation theory is also extended beyond the domain of Rayleigh waves, giving the first quantitative expression for sources of seismic body waves. In the limit of slow phase speeds in the ocean wave forcing, the known and well-verified gravity wave result is obtained, which was previously derived for an incompressible ocean. The noise source of acoustic, acoustic-gravity and seismic modes are given by a mode-specific amplification of the same wave-induced pressure field near zero wavenumber.
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Shearer, P. M., and J. A. Orcutt. "Surface and near-surface effects on seismic waves—theory and borehole seismometer results." Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 77, no. 4 (August 1, 1987): 1168–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/bssa0770041168.

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Abstract A simple plane wave model is adequate to explain many surface versus borehole seismometer data sets. Using such a model, we present a series of examples which demonstrate the effects of the free-surface, near-surface velocity gradients, and low impedance surface layers on the amplitudes of upcoming body waves. In some cases, these amplitudes are predictable from simple free-surface and impedance contrast expressions. However, in other cases these expressions are an unreliable guide to the complete response, and the full plane wave calculation must be performed. Large surface amplifications are possible, even without focusing due to lateral heterogeneities or nonlinear effects. Both surface and borehole seismometer site responses are almost always frequency-dependent. Ocean bottom versus borehole seismic data from the 1983 Ngendei Seismic Experiment in the southwest Pacific are consistent with both a simple plane wave model and a more complete synthetic seismogram calculation. The borehole seismic response to upcoming P waves is reduced at high frequencies because of interference between the upgoing P wave and downgoing P and SV waves reflected from the sediment-basement interface. However, because of much lower borehole noise levels, the borehole seismometer enjoys a P-wave signal-to-noise advantage of 3 to 7 dB over nearby ocean bottom instruments.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Seismic surface waves"

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Carter, Andrew James. "Seismic waves from surface seismic reflection surveys : an exploration tool?" Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633653.

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Hebeler, Gregory L. "Site characterization in Shelby County, Tennessee using advanced surface wave methods." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/20996.

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Ferreira, Ana Margarida Godinho. "Seismic surface waves in the laterally heterogeneous Earth." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.426406.

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Ronda, Afonso Jose. "Railway formation condition assessment using seismic surface waves." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/66239.

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The demands of railway transport have been changing over the 150 years of existence of this type of transport in South Africa, specifically the performance requirements of the formation to cater for new traffic requirements. As such, it is important to assess the condition of this vital part of a railway track. This dissertation covers a research project conducted on two railway lines in which measurements of ground vibration were conducted in order to perform geophysical analysis and characterise the formation based on the results obtained. Measurements were taken on a 26 ton axle load track (Coal line, at Bloubank) and on a 20 ton axle load track (at Amandelbult) in South Africa. Planning and implementation of several test procedures to characterise track formation require considerable effort to minimize the impact on railway operations. Coupled with track occupation and the destructive nature of some of the test procedures, it is relevant to investigate alternative testing techniques to address the issues stated above. The use of surface waves for geotechnical characterization of sites is increasing worldwide. Applications to railway engineering have so far been limited to light load, high speed lines to minimize the use of poor geomaterials with reduced Rayleigh wave velocity. Four sites were identified where trains are operated at heavy loads, with the formation condition varying from poor to good. Seismic testing (geophysical) and conventional testing (deflection measurements) were performed at the identified sites. Seismic measurements were recorded using geophones as receivers, coupled to an amplifier and a computer. The source of the seismic events was the trains operating on the track and a hammer for impact testing. For the deflection measurements, the Remote Video Monitoring (RVM) technique was adopted. Dispersion analysis of the ground vibration experimental data was conducted using the multiple receiver method. The main conclusions reached with the analysis indicated that: __ Dispersion analysis had a good correlation with the formation deflection analysis; __ Phase velocity can be used as an indicator of the quality of a certain site; __ There are limitations when using trains as the energy source in terms of the generation of excitation frequency, which greatly reduces the phase velocity information in individual layers in the formation (i.e. wavelengths are not short enough).
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Civil Engineering
MSc
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Malladi, Subrahmanya Sastry Venkata. "Modeling and Algorithm Performance For Seismic Surface Wave Velocity Estimation." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1194630399.

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Hwang, Sukyeon. "Acoustic seismic modeling in the slowness-time intercept domain /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1993. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9318174.

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Fox, Benjamin Daniel. "Seismic source parameter determination using regional intermediate-period surface waves." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2007. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6b89e41d-8dd0-4286-9bf0-d22c4a349bb7.

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In general, the depths of shallow earthquakes are poorly resolved in current catalogues. Variations in depth of ±10 km can significantly alter the tectonic interpretation of such earthquakes. If the depth of a seismic event is in error then moment tensor estimates can also be significantly altered. In the context of nuclear-test-ban monitoring, a seismic event whose depth can be confidently shown to exceed say, 10km, is unlikely to be an explosion. Surface wave excitation is sensitive to source depth, especially at intermediate and short periods, owing to the approximate exponential decay of surface wave displacements with depth. The radiation pattern and amplitude of surface waves are controlled by the depth variations in the six components of the strain tensor associated with the surface wave eigenfunctions. The potential exists, therefore, for improvements to be made to depth and moment tensor estimates by analysing surface wave amplitudes and radiation patterns. A new method is developed to better constrain seismic source parameters by analysing 100-20s period amplitude spectra of fundamental-mode surface waves. Synthetic amplitude spectra are generated for all double-couple sources over a suitable depth range and compared with data in a grid-search algorithm. Best fitting source parameters are calculated and appropriate bounds are placed on these results. This approach is tested and validated using a representative set of globally-distributed events. Source parameters are determined for 14 moderately-sized earthquakes (5.4 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.5), occurring in a variety of tectonic regimes with depths calculated between 4-39km. For very shallow earthquakes the use of surface wave recordings as short as 15s is shown to improve estimates of source parameters, especially depth. Analysis of aftershocks (4.8 ≤ Mw ≤ 6.0) of the 2004 great Sumatra earthquake is performed to study the depth distribution of seismicity in the region. Three distinct tectonic regimes are identified and depth estimates calculated between 3-61km, including the identification of one CMT depth estimate to be in error by some 27km.
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Schlottmann, Robert Brian. "A path integral formulation of elastic wave propagation /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004372.

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Rosenblad, Brent Lyndon. "Experimental and theoretical studies in support of implementing the spectral-analysis-of-surface-wave (SASW) method offshore /." Digital version accessible at:, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Gonzalez, John. "Estimating body and surface waves using virtual sources and receivers." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10313.

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This research is focused on the application of both new and established seismic interferometry techniques to a single area: the Altiplano in the Andes region. This area has already been widely studied in terms of its geological evolution. Nevertheless, a single accepted theory has not yet been developed to explain why the topography of the Andes incorporates such a large area of low relief at this altitude. The Altiplano is therefore an interesting zone to study. This research introduces and analyses new concepts and methodologies, such as retrieving surface and body waves between earthquakes by using interferometry. Nevertheless, several factors, such as the quality of recordings, the separation between sources, and the velocity gradient of the medium, had to be taken into account for body and surface wave retrieval. This research also analysed the retrieval of body waves by means of seismic interferometry applied to coda wave arrivals. Results show that due to the attenuation of S waves produced by the zone of partial molten material, when using S coda waves, seismic interferometry does not achieve the objective of wave retrieval. On the other hand, P coda waves gave good results. Also, the combined methodology of interferometry by cross-correlation and convolution was shown to account for the behaviour of the retrieved waves and provided an indication of how the distribution of sources affects the Green’s functions estimates for body waves in this area. Another point covered by this research was the analysis of passive recordings in order to retrieve surface and body waves. Results indicate that surface and body waves could be retrieved. However, in order to retrieve body waves, special circumstances are required, such as lateral continuity of the Moho, a relative strong Moho impedance contrast, and simplicity of the geologic structure because these factors will contribute to a strong signal like that obtained in critical reflections making interferometry results more successful.
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Books on the topic "Seismic surface waves"

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Malischewsky, Peter. Surface waves and discontinuities. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1987.

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Keilis-Borok, V. I., ed. Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0883-3.

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Zuberek, Wacław M. Wykorzystanie efektu emisji sejsmoakustycznej w geotechnice =: Geotechnical applications of seismoacoustic emission. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawn. Nauk., 1988.

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Snieder, Roel. Surface wave scattering theory: With applications to forward and inverse problems in seismology. [Utrecht]: Instituut voor Aardwetenschappen der Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, 1987.

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D, Miller Richard. Advances in near-surface seismology and ground-penetrating radar. Tulsa, Okla: Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2010.

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Dost, Bernard. The NARS array: A seismic experiment in Western Europe = Het NARS array : een seismisch experiment in West-Europa. [Utrecht: Instituut voor Aardwetenschappen der Rijksuniversiteit te Utrecht, 1987.

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International Symposium on the Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motion (2nd 1998 Yokohama-shi, Japan). The effects of surface geology on seismic motion: Recent progress and new horizon on ESG study. Tokyo, Japan: Association for Earthquake Disaster Prevention, 1998.

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International Symposium on the Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motion (2nd 1998 Yokohama, Japan). The effects of surface geology on seismic motion: Recent progress and new horizon on ESG study : proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motion, Yokohama, Japan, 1-3 December 1998. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema, 1998.

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Nazarian, Soheil. In situ determination of elastic moduli of pavement systems by spectral-analysis-of-surface-waves method: Practical aspects. Austin: The Center, 1985.

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Isaakovich, Keĭlis-Borok Vladimir, and Levshin Anatoli L. 1932-, eds. Seismic surface waves in a laterally inhomogeneous earth. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Seismic surface waves"

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Jobert, N., and G. Jobert. "Ray tracing for surface waves." In Seismic Tomography, 275–300. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3899-1_12.

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Bullen, K. E. "Evidence from seismic surface waves." In The Earth’s Density, 261–86. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5700-8_13.

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Keilis-Borok, V. I. "Computation Techniques for Surface Waves." In Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth, 99–127. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0883-3_4.

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Keilis-Borok, V. I. "Surface Waves in Vertically Inhomogeneous Media." In Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth, 3–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0883-3_1.

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Levshin, A. L., and M. H. Ritzwoller. "Surface Waves in Seismology and Seismic Prospecting." In Selected Papers From Volume 32 of Vychislitel'naya Seysmologiya, 17–22. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/cs007p0017.

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Stokoe, K. H., R. C. Gauer, and J. A. Bay. "Experimental Investigation of Seismic Surface Waves in the Seafloor." In Shear Waves in Marine Sediments, 51–58. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3568-9_6.

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Roesset, J. M., S. G. Wright, and M. Sedighi-Manesh. "Analytical Investigation of Seismic Surface Waves in the Seafloor." In Shear Waves in Marine Sediments, 575–82. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3568-9_66.

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Keilis-Borok, V. I. "Surface Waves in Media Involving Vertical Contacts." In Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth, 71–98. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0883-3_3.

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Keilis-Borok, V. I. "Surface Waves in Media with Weak Lateral Inhomogeneity." In Seismic Surface Waves in a Laterally Inhomogeneous Earth, 35–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0883-3_2.

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Jílek, Petr, and Vlastislav Červený. "Radiation Patterns of Point Sources Situated Close to Structural Interfaces and to the Earth’s Surface." In Seismic Waves in Laterally Inhomogeneous Media, 175–225. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9213-1_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Seismic surface waves"

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Pan, Yudi, Jianghai Xia, Lingli Gao, Yudi Pab, Whitney Trainor-Guitton, Chelsea Lancelle, Herb Wang, et al. "Surface Waves/Shallow Seismic." In Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and Environment and Engineering Geophysical Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4133/sageep.29-078.

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Hamza, Ilknur Ozgur. "MULTIPLE INTERACTIONS OF SEISMIC WAVES AND SURFACE WAVES." In SGEM2011 11th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference and EXPO. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2011/s06.115.

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Pronay, Z., L. Hermann, B. Neducza, M. Pattantyus-A, and E. Törös. "Detecting Near Surface Discontinuities Using Surface Seismic Waves." In 57th EAEG Meeting. Netherlands: EAGE Publications BV, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201409506.

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He, W. "Parameterization and interpreting surface waves and body waves in elastic VTI full waveform inversion." In First EAGE Conference on Seismic Inversion. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202037045.

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Campman, X., C. D. Riyanti, and G. Herman. "Shallow Imaging with Scattered Seismic Surface Waves." In Near Surface 2004 - 10th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.10.b026.

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Allnor, Rune, Andrea Caiti, and Børge Arntsen. "Inversion of seismic surface waves for shear wave velocities." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1997. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1885818.

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Palermo, A., S. Krodel, A. Marzani, and C. Daraio. "Seismic surface waves attenuation by buried resonators." In 2016 10th International Congress on Advanced Electromagnetic Materials in Microwaves and Optics (METAMATERIALS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metamaterials.2016.7746513.

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Stark, Timothy D., Stephen T. Wilk, Hugh B. Thompson, Theodore R. Sussmann, Mark Baker, and Carlton L. Ho. "Evaluating Fouled Ballast Using Seismic Surface Waves." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5714.

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This paper presents the equipment and Spectral Analysis of Surface Wave (SASW) approach for non-invasively characterizing railroad track ballast and foundation layers. Surface wave testing on a railroad track is more complicated than that on soil sites or pavements because of the presence of ballast, crossties, and rails as well as the complexity of ballast-soil foundation structure in terms of the variation of shear-wave velocity with depth. Using portable SASW equipment, the Young’s Modulus of the ballast was calculated for both clean and fouled ballast in wet and dry conditions. In addition, the local modulus is determined at different locations under the tie, e.g. tie center or edge, to investigate modulus variation and tie support under a single tie. Expansion of the system to measure the modulus under two adjacent ties is also discussed and may be suitable for evaluating ballast performance under §213.103, which requires ballast to perform the following serviceability functions: (1) transmit and distribute the load of the track and railroad rolling equipment to the subgrade; (2) restrain the track laterally, longitudinally, and vertically under dynamic loads imposed by railroad rolling equipment and thermal stresses exerted by the rail; (3) provide adequate drainage for the track; and (4) maintain proper track crosslevel, surface, and alignment”.
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Rice, J. A., Christine E. Krohn, and L. M. Houston. "Shallow near‐surface effects on seismic waves." In SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1991. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1888908.

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J. Poran, Chaim, and Jorge A. Rodriguez-Ordoñez. "Noninvasive Surface Waves Measurements For Seismic Site Characterization." In 15th EEGS Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.191.12sei2.

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Reports on the topic "Seismic surface waves"

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Vernon, Frank L., Robert J. Mellors, and David J. Thomson. Broadband Signal Enhancement of Seismic Array Data: Application to Long-Period Surface Waves & High Frequency Wavefields. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada343629.

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Sloan, Steven, Shelby Peterie, Richard Miller, Julian Ivanov, J. Schwenk, and Jason McKenna. Detecting clandestine tunnels by using near-surface seismic techniques. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40419.

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Geophysical detection of clandestine tunnels is a complex problem that has been met with limited success. Multiple methods have been applied spanning several decades, but a reliable solution has yet to be found. This report presents shallow seismic data collected at a tunnel test site representative of geologic settings found along the southwestern U.S. border. Results demonstrate the capability of using compressional wave diffraction and surface-wave backscatter techniques to detect a purpose-built subterranean tunnel. Near-surface seismic data were also collected at multiple sites in Afghanistan to detect and locate subsurface anomalies (e.g., data collected over an escape tunnel discovered in 2011 at the Sarposa Prison in Kandahar, Afghanistan, which allowed more than 480 prisoners to escape, and data from another shallow tunnel recently discovered at an undisclosed location). The final example from Afghanistan is the first time surface-based seismic methods have detected a tunnel whose presence and location were not previously known. Seismic results directly led to the discovery of the tunnel. Interpreted tunnel locations for all examples were less than 2 m of the actual location. Seismic surface wave backscatter and body-wave diffraction methods show promise for efficient data acquisition and processing for locating purposefully hidden tunnels within unconsolidated sediments.
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Taylor, Oliver-Denzil, Amy Cunningham,, Robert Walker, Mihan McKenna, Kathryn Martin, and Pamela Kinnebrew. The behaviour of near-surface soils through ultrasonic near-surface inundation testing. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41826.

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Seismometers installed within the upper metre of the subsurface can experience significant variability in signal propagation and attenuation properties of observed arrivals due to meteorological events. For example, during rain events, both the time and frequency representations of observed seismic waveforms can be significantly altered, complicating potential automatic signal processing efforts. Historically, a lack of laboratory equipment to explicitly investigate the effects of active inundation on seismic wave properties in the near surface prevented recreation of the observed phenomena in a controlled environment. Presented herein is a new flow chamber designed specifically for near-surface seismic wave/fluid flow interaction phenomenology research, the ultrasonic near-surface inundation testing device and new vp-saturation and vs-saturation relationships due to the effects of matric suction on the soil fabric.
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Leland Timothy Long. Seismic Surface-Wave Tomography of Waste Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/806810.

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Long, Leland T. Seismic Surface-Wave Tomography of Waste Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/834607.

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Long, Timothy L. Seismic Surface-Wave Tomography of Waste Sites - Final Report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781156.

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Harkrider, David G., Donald V. Helmberger, and Robert W. Clayton. Body and Surface Wave Modeling of Observed Seismic Events. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada166149.

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Long, T. L. Seismic surface wave tomography of waste sites. 1997 annual progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/13562.

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Long, T. L. Seismic surface-wave tomography of waste sites. 1998 annual progress report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/13563.

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Song, Xiaodong. Surface Wave Dispersion Measurements and Tomography From Ambient Seismic Noise in China. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada496404.

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